WO2023279418A1 - 一种小麦微生物农药增效剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种小麦微生物农药增效剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2023279418A1
WO2023279418A1 PCT/CN2021/106368 CN2021106368W WO2023279418A1 WO 2023279418 A1 WO2023279418 A1 WO 2023279418A1 CN 2021106368 W CN2021106368 W CN 2021106368W WO 2023279418 A1 WO2023279418 A1 WO 2023279418A1
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wheat
pesticide
microbial
dihydrocapsaicin
soybean
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PCT/CN2021/106368
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张乃芹
李士平
王磊
高方胜
井大炜
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德州学院
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Publication of WO2023279418A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023279418A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
    • A01N25/04—Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • A01N59/20—Copper
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
    • A01N63/22—Bacillus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/20—Fabaceae or Leguminosae [Pea or Legume family], e.g. pea, lentil, soybean, clover, acacia, honey locust, derris or millettia
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to a wheat microbial pesticide synergist and a preparation method thereof.
  • Pesticides are an important weapon for rapid, efficient and economical prevention and control of crop diseases, insect pests and weeds. They have played a huge role in ensuring agricultural harvests, promoting the development of high-yield, high-quality and efficient agriculture, and meeting people's demand for agricultural and sideline products.
  • my country is a pesticide producing country, with an annual output of 690,000 tons of technical materials and 1.2 million tons of preparations.
  • pesticide adjuvants in my country especially pesticide synergists
  • the development of pesticide preparations in my country is restricted, and the development of pesticides in my country is in a relatively backward position compared with developed countries.
  • Microbial fertilizers also known as biological fertilizers, inoculants or bacterial fertilizers, refer to a type of fertilizer products that use the life activities of microorganisms as the core to enable crops to obtain specific fertilizer effects.
  • microbial fertilizer products are divided into two categories: one is narrowly defined microbial fertilizers, which increase the supply of plant nutrients through the life activities of microorganisms, including improving plant nutrition in soil and production environments. The total supply of elements leads to the improvement of the nutritional status of plants, thereby increasing the yield.
  • the representative variety of this type of microbial fertilizer is rhizobia fertilizer; Increasing the supply of plant nutrients can also produce plant growth hormones, promote the absorption and utilization of nutrients by plants or antagonize the pathogenic effect of some pathogenic microorganisms, reduce crop pests and diseases and promote crop yields.
  • Pesticide synergists refer to those that have no biological activity themselves, but increase the penetration of pesticides on plant epidermis and pest body walls, prevent the degradation of pesticides by plants and pests, improve the stability of pesticides, and improve the physical properties of pesticides, etc. , a class of substances that greatly improve the control effect of pesticides.
  • some conventional pesticides have increased resistance and decreased efficacy due to long-term use.
  • farmers have to increase the frequency and dosage of pesticides, resulting in serious pesticide residues in wheat. In view of the above reasons, it is necessary to design a wheat microbial pesticide synergist.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a wheat microbial pesticide synergist and a preparation method thereof, which can greatly improve the efficacy of pesticides, reduce the amount of active ingredients of pesticides, reduce the pollution of pesticides to wheat and the environment, and increase the yield of wheat.
  • the present invention provides a wheat microbial pesticide synergist, comprising the following components: soybean extract, copper sulfate, dihydrocapsaicin, epoxy vegetable oil pesticide stabilizer and emulsifier.
  • composition by weight percentage 25%-45% of soybean extract, 10%-20% of copper sulfate, 10%-25% of dihydrocapsaicin, 0.5%-10% of epoxy vegetable oil pesticide stabilizer and Emulsifier 5%-15%.
  • the soybean extract is soybean lecithin or soybean isoflavones.
  • the dihydrocapsaicin is extracted from the natural plant capsicum.
  • the epoxidized vegetable oil pesticide stabilizer is one or a combination of epoxidized soybean oil and epoxidized linseed oil.
  • the emulsifier is a cationic surfactant, an anionic surfactant or a nonionic surfactant, wherein the cationic surfactant includes an alkyl ammonium salt or an alkyl quaternary ammonium salt;
  • Anionic surfactants include alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkylnaphthalene sulfonates or fatty alcohol sulfates;
  • Nonionic surfactants include one or more of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers, phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers, benzylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers, and castor oil polyoxyethylene ethers. kind.
  • a preparation method of a wheat microbial pesticide synergist comprising the following steps: sequentially adding soybean extract, copper sulfate, dihydrocapsaicin, and epoxy vegetable oil pesticide stabilizer into a reaction kettle and stirring for 2-3 hours until uniform, and then Add an emulsifier and stir until transparent to obtain a wheat microbial pesticide synergist.
  • the obtained wheat microbial pesticide synergist can be applied to pesticides containing Brevibacillus syringae, and has a significant enhancement effect on Brevibacillus syringae, especially for the control effect of Pseudomonas syringae that causes wheat bacterial leaf blight.
  • wheat microbial pesticide synergist contains copper sulfate and dihydrocapsaicin, soybean extract and epoxy vegetable oil pesticide stabilizer.
  • the main components of the pesticide stabilizer are inorganic salts and natural plant extracts, free of harmful substances
  • Organic pesticide ingredients, used in conjunction with microbial pesticide ingredients, are a safe and pollution-free pesticide.
  • the use of epoxy vegetable oil pesticide stabilizer and soybean extract has a good affinity with wheat, which is safer for wheat than mineral oil.
  • the present invention adopts the above-mentioned wheat microbial pesticide synergist and its preparation method, which can greatly improve the efficacy of pesticides, reduce the amount of active ingredients of pesticides, reduce the pollution of pesticides to wheat and the environment, and increase the yield of wheat.
  • the invention provides a wheat microbial pesticide synergist, which comprises the following components: soybean extract, copper sulfate, dihydrocapsaicin, epoxy vegetable oil pesticide stabilizer and emulsifier. Composition by weight percentage: soybean extract 25%-45%, copper sulfate 10%-20%, dihydrocapsaicin 10%-25%, epoxy vegetable oil pesticide stabilizer 0.5%-10% and emulsifier 5 %-15%.
  • the soybean extract is soybean lecithin or soybean isoflavone.
  • the dihydrocapsaicin is extracted from the natural plant capsicum.
  • the epoxidized vegetable oil pesticide stabilizer is one or a combination of epoxidized soybean oil and epoxidized linseed oil.
  • emulsifying agent is cationic surfactant, anionic surfactant or nonionic surfactant, and wherein cationic surfactant comprises alkyl ammonium salt or alkyl quaternary ammonium salt;
  • Anionic surfactant comprises alkylbenzene sulfonate, Alkyl naphthalene sulfonates or fatty alcohol sulfates;
  • nonionic surfactants include fatty alcohol ethoxylates, alkylphenol ethoxylates, phenethylphenol ethoxylates, benzylphenol ethoxylates, One or more of castor oil polyoxyethylene ethers.
  • a preparation method of a wheat microbial pesticide synergist comprising the steps of: adding soybean extract, copper sulfate, dihydrocapsaicin, and epoxy vegetable oil pesticide stabilizer to a reaction kettle and stirring for 2-3 hours until uniform, and then Add an emulsifier and stir until transparent to obtain a wheat microbial pesticide synergist.
  • a wheat microbial pesticide synergist comprises the following components: 40% soybean lecithin, 18% copper sulfate, 20% dihydrocapsaicin, 10% epoxidized soybean oil and 12% emulsifier.
  • a wheat microbial pesticide synergist comprises the following components: 45% of soybean lecithin, 15% of copper sulfate, 18% of dihydrocapsaicin, 10% of epoxidized soybean oil and 12% of emulsifier.
  • a wheat microbial pesticide synergist comprises the following components: 40% of soybean isoflavone, 17% of copper sulfate, 20% of dihydrocapsaicin, 10% of epoxidized linseed oil and 13% of emulsifier.
  • a wheat microbial pesticide synergist comprises the following components: 45% of soybean isoflavone, 15% of copper sulfate, 20% of dihydrocapsaicin, 10% of epoxidized linseed oil and 10% of emulsifier.
  • a wheat microbial pesticide synergist comprises the following components: 42% of soybean isoflavones, 17% of copper sulfate, 18% of dihydrocapsaicin, 10% of epoxidized soybean oil and 13% of emulsifier.
  • the pesticide synergists of the above Examples 1-5 were mixed with the Brevibacillus disspora bacterial agent, wherein the number of viable spores of the Brevibacillus lateralsporogen bacterial agent was 2 ⁇ 10 9 cfu/mL.
  • the dihydrocapsaicin among the embodiment 1 is removed, and all the other remain unchanged.
  • the epoxidized soybean oil among the embodiment 1 is removed, and all the other remain unchanged.
  • the pesticides obtained in the above examples and comparative examples were mixed with Brevibacillus spp. to spray the same area of wheat, and each area was repeatedly sprayed with the same pesticide four times. Spray for the first time at the seedling stage of wheat (sporadic onset), and spray twice in a row, with an interval of 5-7 days, and spray for the second time, twice in a row.
  • Grade 0 The whole plant is disease-free
  • Level 1 The plant has no obvious dwarfing, and the height is less than 20% shorter than that of the healthy plant;
  • Grade 3 Dwarf plants, 20-35% shorter than healthy plants
  • Grade 7 The plants are severely shrunken, more than 50% shorter than healthy plants or dead.
  • the pesticide synergist of the invention can remarkably enhance the control effect of Brevibacillus syringae on Pseudomonas syringae.
  • the present invention adopts the above-mentioned wheat microbial pesticide synergist and its preparation method, which can greatly improve the efficacy of pesticides, reduce the amount of active ingredients of pesticides, reduce the pollution of pesticides to wheat and the environment, and increase the yield of wheat.

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Abstract

一种小麦微生物农药增效剂，包括以下成分：大豆提取物、硫酸铜、二氢辣椒素、环氧植物油农药稳定剂和乳化剂。采用上述的小麦微生物农药增效剂，可以大大提高农药的药效，降低农药有效成分的用量，减少农药对小麦和环境的污染，增加了小麦的产量。

Description

一种小麦微生物农药增效剂及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及肥料技术领域，尤其是涉及一种小麦微生物农药增效剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
农药是快速、高效、经济防治农作物病虫草害的重要武器，在保障农业丰收，促进高产优质高效农业发展、满足人们对农副产品需求等方面发挥了巨大作用。我国是农药生产国，年产原药69万吨，制剂加工120万吨。但是，由于我国农药助剂，特别是农药增效剂发展缓慢，制约了我国农药制剂的发展，使我国农药发展与发达国家相比，处在比较落后的位置。
微生物肥料又称生物肥料、接种剂或菌肥等，是指以微生物的生命活动为核心，使农作物获得特定的肥料效应的一类肥料制品。微生物肥料的种类很多，一般将微生物肥料制品分为两大类：一类是狭义的微生物肥料，指通过微生物的生命活动，增加了植物营养元素的供应量，包括提高土壤和生产环境中植物营养元素的供应总量，致使植物营养状况的改善，进而产量增加，这一类微生物肥料的代表品种是根瘤菌肥；另一类是广义的微生物肥料，指通过其中的微生物的生命活动，不但能提高植物营养元素的供应量，还能产生植物生长激素，促进植物对营养元素的吸收利用或有拮抗某些病原微生物的致病作用，减轻农作物病虫害而促进作物产量的增加。
因此，要大力发展我国的农药助剂，特别是农药增效剂。农药增效剂是指那些本身没有生物活性，但通过增加农药对植物表皮、害虫体壁的渗透作用、阻止植物和害虫对农药的降解作用、提高农药的稳定性、改善农药的物理性能等途径，大幅度提高农药的防治效果的一类物质。目前，在种植小麦 的过程中由于病虫害发生严重，一些常规农药由于长时间使用，抗药性增加、药效下降，农民不得不增加用药次数和用药量，造成小麦农药残留超标严重。鉴于以上原因，设计一种小麦微生物农药增效剂是很有必要的。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种小麦微生物农药增效剂及其制备方法，可以大大提高农药的药效，降低农药有效成分的用量，减少农药对小麦和环境的污染，增加了小麦的产量。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种小麦微生物农药增效剂，包括以下成分：大豆提取物、硫酸铜、二氢辣椒素、环氧植物油农药稳定剂和乳化剂。
优选的，以重量百分比计的成分组成：大豆提取物25％-45％、硫酸铜10％-20％、二氢辣椒素10％-25％、环氧植物油农药稳定剂0.5％-10％和乳化剂5％-15％。
优选的，所述大豆提取物为大豆磷脂或大豆异黄酮。
优选的，所述二氢辣椒素提取自天然植物辣椒。
优选的，所述环氧植物油农药稳定剂为环氧化豆油、环氧化亚麻油中的一种或两种组合。
优选的，所述乳化剂为阳离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂或非离子表面活性剂，其中阳离子表面活性剂包括烷基铵盐或烷基季铵盐；
阴离子表面活性剂包括烷基苯磺酸盐、烷基萘磺酸盐或脂肪醇硫酸盐；
非离子表面活性剂包括脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯醚、苄基酚聚氧乙烯醚、蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或多种。
一种小麦微生物农药增效剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：将大豆提取物、硫酸铜、二氢辣椒素、环氧植物油农药稳定剂依次加入到反应釜中搅拌2-3小时至均匀，然后加入乳化剂，搅拌至透明得到小麦微生物农药增效剂。
得到的小麦微生物农药增效剂可应用于含有侧孢短芽孢杆菌的农药中，对侧孢短芽孢杆菌有显著的增强作用，尤其对导致小麦细菌叶枯病的丁香假单胞杆菌防治效果可达65％以上，小麦微生物农药增效剂里面含有硫酸铜和二氢辣椒素、大豆提取物及环氧植物油农药稳定剂的主要成分均为无机盐和天然植物提取物，不含对人体有害的有机农药成分，与微生物农药成分相互配合使用，是一种安全、无污染的农药。通过采用环氧植物油农药稳定剂和大豆提取物与小麦具有很好的亲和性，较矿物油基对小麦安全性更高。
因此，本发明采用上述一种小麦微生物农药增效剂及其制备方法，可以大大提高农药的药效，降低农药有效成分的用量，减少农药对小麦和环境的污染，增加了小麦的产量。
下面通过实施例，对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种小麦微生物农药增效剂，包括以下成分：大豆提取物、硫酸铜、二氢辣椒素、环氧植物油农药稳定剂和乳化剂。以重量百分比计的成分组成：大豆提取物25％-45％、硫酸铜10％-20％、二氢辣椒素10％-25％、环氧植物油农药稳定剂0.5％-10％和乳化剂5％-15％。所述大豆提取物为大豆磷脂或大豆异黄酮。所述二氢辣椒素提取自天然植物辣椒。所述环氧植物油农药稳定剂为环氧化豆油、环氧化亚麻油中的一种或两种组合。
所述乳化剂为阳离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂或非离子表面活性剂，其中阳离子表面活性剂包括烷基铵盐或烷基季铵盐；阴离子表面活性剂包括烷基苯磺酸盐、烷基萘磺酸盐或脂肪醇硫酸盐；非离子表面活性剂包括脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯醚、苄基酚聚氧乙烯醚、蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或多种。
一种小麦微生物农药增效剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：将大豆提取物、 硫酸铜、二氢辣椒素、环氧植物油农药稳定剂依次加入到反应釜中搅拌2-3小时至均匀，然后加入乳化剂，搅拌至透明得到小麦微生物农药增效剂。
以下通过实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步说明。
实施例1
一种小麦微生物农药增效剂，包括以下成分：大豆磷脂40％、硫酸铜18％、二氢辣椒素20％、环氧化豆油10％和乳化剂12％。
实施例2
一种小麦微生物农药增效剂，包括以下成分：大豆磷脂45％、硫酸铜15％、二氢辣椒素18％、环氧化豆油10％和乳化剂12％。
实施例3
一种小麦微生物农药增效剂，包括以下成分：大豆异黄酮40％、硫酸铜17％、二氢辣椒素20％、环氧化亚麻油10％和乳化剂13％。
实施例4
一种小麦微生物农药增效剂，包括以下成分：大豆异黄酮45％、硫酸铜15％、二氢辣椒素20％、环氧化亚麻油10％和乳化剂10％。
实施例5
一种小麦微生物农药增效剂，包括以下成分：大豆异黄酮42％、硫酸铜17％、二氢辣椒素18％、环氧化豆油10％和乳化剂13％。
将以上实施例1-5的农药增效剂与侧孢短芽孢杆菌菌剂混合，其中，侧孢短芽孢杆菌菌剂的活芽孢数为2×10 9cfu/mL。
对比例1
将实施例1中的二氢辣椒素去掉，其余不变。
对比例2
将实施例1中的环氧化豆油去掉，其余不变。
对比例3
将实施例1中的硫酸铜去掉，其余不变。
对比文件4
喷洒清水。
上述实施例和对比例得到的农药与侧孢短芽孢杆菌混合对相同区域面积的小麦进行喷洒，每个区域重复喷相同农药四次。于小麦苗期(零星发病时)第一次喷药，连喷2次，间隔5-7天，第二次喷药，连喷2次。
调查每个区域内全部植株，调查发病分级标准参照防治小麦病毒病行业标准，分为7个级别：
0级：全株无病；
1级：植株无明显矮化，高度比健株矮20％以内；
3级：植株矮化，高度比健株矮20-35％；
5级：植株严重矮化，高度比健株矮35-50％；
7级：植株严重矮缩，高度比健株矮50％以上或者死亡。
各处理变化病情指数和防治效果公式如下：
Figure PCTCN2021106368-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2021106368-appb-000002
处理结果如表1所示：
表1
药剂处理 施药前病情指数 施药后病情指数 防治效果(％)
实施例1 20.4 25.1 75.2
实施例2 20.2 25.5 75.5
实施例3 20.3 26.3 77.3
实施例4 20.6 27.5 77.9
实施例5 20.8 28.2 78.3
对比例1 20.3 53.2 41.3
对比例2 20.6 54.3 41.7
对比例3 20.9 55.5 40.6
对比例4 20.3 89.3 ---
本发明的农药增效剂可以显著增强侧孢短芽孢杆菌对丁香假单胞杆菌的防治效果。
因此，本发明采用上述一种小麦微生物农药增效剂及其制备方法，可以大大提高农药的药效，降低农药有效成分的用量，减少农药对小麦和环境的污染，增加了小麦的产量。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其进行限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而这些修改或者等同替换亦不能使修改后的技术方案脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种小麦微生物农药增效剂，其特征在于，包括以下成分：大豆提取物、硫酸铜、二氢辣椒素、环氧植物油农药稳定剂和乳化剂。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种小麦微生物农药增效剂，其特征在于，以重量百分比计的成分组成：大豆提取物25％-45％、硫酸铜10％-20％、二氢辣椒素10％-25％、环氧植物油农药稳定剂0.5％-10％和乳化剂5％-15％。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种小麦微生物农药增效剂，其特征在于：所述大豆提取物为大豆磷脂或大豆异黄酮。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种小麦微生物农药增效剂，其特征在于：所述二氢辣椒素提取自天然植物辣椒。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种小麦微生物农药增效剂，其特征在于：所述环氧植物油农药稳定剂为环氧化豆油、环氧化亚麻油中的一种或两种组合。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种小麦微生物农药增效剂，其特征在于：所述乳化剂为阳离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂或非离子表面活性剂，其中阳离子表面活性剂包括烷基铵盐或烷基季铵盐；
    阴离子表面活性剂包括烷基苯磺酸盐、烷基萘磺酸盐或脂肪醇硫酸盐；
    非离子表面活性剂包括脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯醚、苄基酚聚氧乙烯醚、蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或多种。
  7. 一种如权利要求1-6任一项所述的小麦微生物农药增效剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：将大豆提取物、硫酸铜、二氢辣椒素、环氧植物油农药稳定剂依次加入到反应釜中搅拌2-3小时至均匀，然后加入乳化剂，搅拌至透明得到小麦微生物农药增效剂。
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CN104365591A (zh) * 2014-10-23 2015-02-25 深圳市科玺化工有限公司 一种农药增效剂、制备方法及其应用
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