WO2023277852A1 - Stations de charge ultra-rapide de véhicule électrique et système de gestion thermique de bloc-batterie pouvant être intégré à ces stations - Google Patents

Stations de charge ultra-rapide de véhicule électrique et système de gestion thermique de bloc-batterie pouvant être intégré à ces stations Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023277852A1
WO2023277852A1 PCT/TR2022/050675 TR2022050675W WO2023277852A1 WO 2023277852 A1 WO2023277852 A1 WO 2023277852A1 TR 2022050675 W TR2022050675 W TR 2022050675W WO 2023277852 A1 WO2023277852 A1 WO 2023277852A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coolant
charging
thermal management
management system
battery pack
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/TR2022/050675
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Erdal ÇETKİN
Original Assignee
İzmi̇r Yüksek Teknoloji̇ Ensti̇tüsü Rektörlüğü
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by İzmi̇r Yüksek Teknoloji̇ Ensti̇tüsü Rektörlüğü filed Critical İzmi̇r Yüksek Teknoloji̇ Ensti̇tüsü Rektörlüğü
Publication of WO2023277852A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023277852A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/443—Methods for charging or discharging in response to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • Invention is related with a thermal management system which enables cooling of charging station electric cables and supplies the conditioned coolant to electric vehicle battery pack as well as enabling air cooling to regulate the desired temperature range in the battery pack where the conditioned coolant is located in a central unit at the ultra fast charging charging stations with minimization of energy consumption due to control algorithm capability and enabling fast charging in any ambient condition.
  • Battery cells generate huge amount of heat due to high voltage with supplied high current during fast charging. Many companies have announced they are planning to make transitions to 360kW and above charging stations from 180kW fast charging stations. Charging cables of stations at and above 180kW should be cooled in order to safe operations as the temperature of these cables keep increasing due to heat generation in them related with electric resistance. This generated heat affect resistance characteristics and may yield short circuit. Therefore, charge cables in fast charging capable vehicle charge stations should be cooled.
  • battery cells with bus bars connecting the cells with each other and all the cabling and equipment connected to charging station is required to be cooled in order to keep temperature in the desired order under fast and ultra fast charging.
  • This patent focusses on the thermal management under fast charging from an external chiller unit which enables to cool multiple units.
  • this patent does not consider cooling of charging station cables nor coolant to be delivered from the surrounding of charging cables.
  • This patent also does not consider adjustment of flow rate and temperature based on the ambient and cell temperature to minimize energy requirement to condition the battery cells.
  • this patent does not consider a battery pack design which enables the coolant liquid to be received from an external source and enables the required thermal management under operation.
  • Invention is a battery pack which exceeds the current state of art, eliminates disadvantages and includes additional advantages.
  • the aim of invention is to document a thermal management system which controls the the temperature of battery pack, charging stations, and all the cabling/connections between the battery pack and charging stations.
  • Another aim of the invention is to document a hybrid battery thermal management system which can perform both air and/or liquid coolant.
  • Another aim of the invention is to document a thermal management system which enables coolant to be received from a charging station to condition the battery pack to desired temperature (cooling or heating) during fast and ultra fast charging to enable maximum charging speed to be achieved under any ambient condition.
  • Another aim of the invention is to eliminate liquid and/or active cooling requirement during discharging especially for the vehicles with relatively low heat generation during usage (discharge) in order decrease the weight of the vehicle.
  • Another aim of the invention is to document a battery thermal management system which collect the data from both battery pack and charging station such as battery cell temperatures, pack state of charge, charging speed (C rate), charging station and ambient temperatures in order to control the flow rate required to be sent to battery pack to keep the temperature of the cells in the desired temperature range during the charging operation.
  • battery pack and charging station such as battery cell temperatures, pack state of charge, charging speed (C rate), charging station and ambient temperatures in order to control the flow rate required to be sent to battery pack to keep the temperature of the cells in the desired temperature range during the charging operation.
  • the present invention in order to achieve all the aims mentioned above and that will emerge from the detailed description below, is a battery pack with thermal management system which can be connected to external coolant cycles to condition the temperature of the cells to enable fast and ultra-fast charging in any ambient condition, and it is specified with a cooling/heating system located at the charging station with/out one on the vehicle (which has decreased capacity) to regulat temperatures of charging stations, battery pack and all the cables/components in between the charging station and the battery pack.
  • Figure - 1 Charging stations, electric vehicles and the charging cables.
  • Figure - 2 The connections between the separate charging units and the cooling/heating system located in the charging station.
  • FIG - 3 Representative and detailed views of the battery module.
  • Figure - 4 Exploded view of the battery module with inserted battery cells.
  • Figure - 5 Representetive image of how the cooling/heating system can be integrated with the battery modules in an electric vehicle.
  • the attached figures which helps the invention to be understood is numbered as mentioned, and the labels of them are given below.
  • Thermal controlled circulator (heat pump/chiller) 10. Charging cable 11. Electric cable 12. Coolant inflow line 13. Coolant outflow line
  • the detailed explanation of the battery pack of the invention (1) is explained with examples to make the subject easily understood without any restriction created. Description explains a thermal management system which enables thermal management by supplying conditioned coolant from charging station cooling/heating system (2) to electric vehicle (0) battery pack (1000), charging station (1) and charging cable (10) in charging stations (1) enabling fast and ultra-fast charging for electric vehicles (0).
  • FIG 1 shows the connection between the charging station (1) and electric vehicle (0) which subjects to the invention. Based on this, the connection between the charging station (1) and electric vehicles (0) is done by the charging cables (10). This connection is in accord with the current state. Flowever, in the current invention the the cooling of charging cables (10) is also achieved while the battery pack (1000) in an electric vehicle (0) is achieved.
  • Charging cable (10) detail shown in Figure 1, (A), electric cable (11), coolant inflow line (12) and coolant outflow line (13) are represented. Electricity is transmitted from the charging station (1) to electric vehicle (0) battery pack (1000) during charging via charging cable (10), and heat is generated as electricity flows along the charging cable (10). This generated heat is transferred to the coolant flowing along the coolant inflow line (12).
  • coolant supplied from the charging station cooling/heating system (2) is received by the electric vehicle (0) battery pack (1000). Both electric vehicle (0) battery pack (1000) and charging cable (10) is cooled during charging as well as the charging station (1). Coolant which exchanged heat from the battery pack (1000) and returning from it flows along the coolant outlow line (13) inside the charging cable (10) which is supplied to the charging station cooling/heating system (2).
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of charging stations (1) and charging station cooling/heating system (2). Based on this, all the charging stations (1) (at least one but could be multiple) receive the conditioned coolant from a central charging station cooling/heating system (2). Therefore, thermodynamic efficiency of this solution as the coolant is supplied from a central charging station cooling/heating system (2) to charging stations (1) is greater than the individual cooling/heating systems reserved for individual charging stations (1). The reason of this increment in the thermodynamic efficiency is related with that the heat transferred to ambient decreases as the surface area/volume ratio decreases in greater volume container and that the efficiency of cooling/heating systems increases as the size increases due to decreased irreversibilities. Coolant is reserved inside a coolant container (3).
  • Coolant is supplied from the coolant container (3) to the thermal controlled circulator (heat pump/chiller) (4) via inflow line to the circulator (34). Then after its temperature is regulated it returns to the coolant container (3) via outflow line from the circulator (43).
  • the thermal controlled circulator heat pump/chiller
  • Thermal controlled circulator (heat pump/chiller) (4) regulates the temperature of the coolant at the desired temperature.
  • Conditioned coolant outflowing from the coolant container (3) flows along the charging stations (1), charging cables (10) and electric vehicle (0) battery pack (1000) and returns to the coolant container (3).
  • Figure 3 shows the vehicle battery module (100) and the details related with it. Based on this cylindrical battery cells (102) located inside the battery module (100) shell. However, the cells (102) in the document are representative and in application they could be prismatic or pouch type as well as being cylindrical. From the side openings of the battery module (100) shell includes air flow volume (101) in which air can enter and leave from it.
  • the flow volume inside the bus bars (104) is called battery tab coolant line (103) along which coolant fluid flows the cool/heat bus bars (104) and tabs of the battery cells (102).
  • the coolant flowing along the battery tab coolant line (103) could be dielectric if that is the case no additional measure required to be taken. If the coolant is not dielectric then the inside of the battery tab coolant line (103) should be coated with or made of from a dielectric component such as plastic, ceramic, glass, Teflon, fiber reinforced composites, porcelain etc.
  • the coolant flowing inside the tab coolant line (103) ensures the cooling of battery cells (102) from their tabs in order to achieve thermal uniformity in cells (102) to enhance their lifetime.
  • Bus bars (104) and battery tab cooling lines (103) are located both in the negative and positive tab locations. If the battery cell (102) (such as in prismatic and some pouch cells) tabs are located both in the same side; then, only one bus bar (104) plate with tab cooling line (103) could be located for the connected battery cells (102).
  • Figure 4 shows air flow volume (101), battery cells (102), battery tab cooling line (103) and bus bar plate (104) in order to visualize the structure of the considered invention.
  • FIG 5 shows the schematic view of the battery pack (1000) cooling/heating structure.
  • Heat generated during fast and ultra-fast charging inside the battery pack (1000) is dissipated via the coolant supplied from the charging station cooling/heating system (2).
  • the ambient temperature and/or battery cell (102) temperature is below the desired temperature range relatively high temperature coolant can also be supplied from the charging station cooling/heating system (2).
  • Coolant is being circulated in between all tha battery modules (100) located inside the battery pack (1000).
  • heat is also generated inside the battery pack (1000) of electric vehicles (0) due to discharge. Under this circumstances, onboard vehicle cooling system (200) conditions the coolant circulating inside the battery pack (1000).
  • the vehicle cooling system (200) will be idle and the coolant will not be conditioned.
  • heat generation during the charging is several folds greater than the discharge due to fast and ultra-fast charging and low discharge rate. This makes the air cooling sufficient enough for the specified applications, and the vehicle cooling system (200) may not be inserted in these applications. This would also decrease the weight of the vehicle as well as the energy consumption requirement for thermal management. There may be tens of folds difference in between the generated heat in a battery cell (102) depending on the state of charge and charging current.
  • battery pack (1000) is being cooled via air cooling only when the heat generation rate is relatively small (can be dissipated without sensible temperature increment) in order to achieve thermal management while minimizing the energy requirement. If the heat generation cannot be dissipated via air cooling, both air and coolant or just coolant can be used to regulate the temperatures of battery modules (100) and battery pack (1000).
  • tab cooling line (103) is attached to column plate (106) which behaves as a heat bridge to transfer heat from it to the fixture plate (105) which transfers the heat to the air.
  • Column plate (106) also mixes the air and directs it to eliminate local hot spot formation on battery cells (102). Furthermore, column plate (106) mechanically support the structure to increase the strength of the battery modules (100).
  • Fixture plates (105) are inserted in order to fix the battery cells (102) in the desired locations and transfer heat from them to the air.
  • Fixture plates (105) can be used to have concentric battery cell (102) arrangement with constant/variable spacing as well as having eccentric and constant/variable spacings.
  • concentric fixture plate (105A) and eccentric fixture plate (105B) can be used, respectively.
  • Eccentric battery cell (102) arrangement yields additional mixing of air to enhance heat transfer effectiveness.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de gestion thermique qui permet le refroidissement de câbles électriques d'une station de charge et fournit l'agent de refroidissement conditionné à un bloc-batterie de véhicule électrique ainsi qu'un refroidissement d'air pour réguler la plage de température souhaitée dans le bloc-batterie où l'agent de refroidissement conditionné est situé dans une unité centrale au niveau des stations de charge de charge ultra-rapide présentant une réduction au minimum de la consommation d'énergie en raison d'une capacité d'algorithme de commande et permettant une charge rapide dans n'importe quelle condition ambiante.
PCT/TR2022/050675 2021-07-01 2022-06-29 Stations de charge ultra-rapide de véhicule électrique et système de gestion thermique de bloc-batterie pouvant être intégré à ces stations WO2023277852A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TR2021010753 2021-07-01
TR2021/010753 2021-07-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023277852A1 true WO2023277852A1 (fr) 2023-01-05

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/TR2022/050675 WO2023277852A1 (fr) 2021-07-01 2022-06-29 Stations de charge ultra-rapide de véhicule électrique et système de gestion thermique de bloc-batterie pouvant être intégré à ces stations

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WO (1) WO2023277852A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130029193A1 (en) * 2011-07-25 2013-01-31 Lightening Energy Rapid charging electric vehicle and method and apparatus for rapid charging
US20150306974A1 (en) * 2014-04-29 2015-10-29 Tesla Motors, Inc. Charging station providing thermal conditioning of electric vehicle during charging session
JP2019017229A (ja) * 2017-07-11 2019-01-31 株式会社Ｓｕｂａｒｕ 電動車両の充電装置

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130029193A1 (en) * 2011-07-25 2013-01-31 Lightening Energy Rapid charging electric vehicle and method and apparatus for rapid charging
US20150306974A1 (en) * 2014-04-29 2015-10-29 Tesla Motors, Inc. Charging station providing thermal conditioning of electric vehicle during charging session
JP2019017229A (ja) * 2017-07-11 2019-01-31 株式会社Ｓｕｂａｒｕ 電動車両の充電装置

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