WO2023276592A1 - 推定方法、および、推定装置 - Google Patents
推定方法、および、推定装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023276592A1 WO2023276592A1 PCT/JP2022/023087 JP2022023087W WO2023276592A1 WO 2023276592 A1 WO2023276592 A1 WO 2023276592A1 JP 2022023087 W JP2022023087 W JP 2022023087W WO 2023276592 A1 WO2023276592 A1 WO 2023276592A1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 255
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/003—Bistatic radar systems; Multistatic radar systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
- G01S13/52—Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds
- G01S13/536—Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds using transmission of continuous unmodulated waves, amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
- G01S13/52—Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds
- G01S13/56—Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds for presence detection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
- G01S7/415—Identification of targets based on measurements of movement associated with the target
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to an estimation method and an estimation device for estimating the direction or position of a living body by using radio signals.
- Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2 discloses a method of using radio signals as a method of knowing the position of a person.
- Patent Literature 1 discloses a method of locating a person to be detected by using the frequency response of a complex transfer function of a wireless device.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method of detecting the position or state of a person to be detected by using difference information between two complex transfer functions of a radio device at two points in time at predetermined intervals. disclosed.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a method of performing timing correction between a plurality of sensors using a timer correction command.
- Patent Literature 4 discloses a method of measuring the degree of fatigue based on the statistical results of two sensors.
- US Pat. No. 6,201,203 discloses a method for distinguishing between human-induced Doppler shift and clock frequency error between a transmitter and a receiver.
- the present disclosure has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is compatible with radio equipment that outputs at least part of CSI, specifically SIMO (Single Input Multiple Output) or MISO (Multiple Input Single Output). It is an object of the present invention to provide an estimation method and the like capable of accurately estimating the direction or position of a living body with respect to an estimating device using a wireless device.
- SIMO Single Input Multiple Output
- MISO Multiple Input Single Output
- an estimation method includes a first radio device including a first antenna unit having M (M is a natural number of 2 or more) first antenna elements; and a second radio device comprising a second antenna unit having second antenna elements (N is a natural number of 2 or more).
- a plurality of first reception signals received by each of the N second antenna elements wherein the first transmission signal is transmitted a plurality of times using one of the first antenna elements of observing a plurality of first received signals including reflected signals of the first transmitted signals transmitted a plurality of times and reflected by the living body during a first period corresponding to the cycle of the movement of the living body, , transmitting a second transmission signal multiple times using one of the N second antenna elements, and a plurality of second receptions received by each of the M first antenna elements; a signal, wherein a plurality of second received signals including reflected signals of the second transmitted signals transmitted a plurality of times and reflected by the living body are observed during the first period of time, and observed during the first period of time a first combination representing propagation characteristics between each of the M first antenna elements and each of the N second antenna elements using the plurality of first received signals and the plurality of second received signals; A plurality of complex transfer functions are calculated, and the effects of the clock frequency error and the transmission power error occurring in the first radio and the second
- a method for accurately estimating the direction or position of a living body with respect to an estimating device using a wireless device that outputs at least part of CSI can be realized.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an estimation device and an example of a detection target according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram conceptually showing how signal waves are transmitted in the antenna section shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of a configuration of an estimation device and a detection target according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of frequency components of received I and Q signals in Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing estimation processing of the estimation device according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an estimation device and an example of a detection target according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an estimation device and an example of a detection target according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the concept of experiments using the estimation method according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing experimental conditions using the estimation method according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing experimental results using the estimation method according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing another experimental result using the estimation method according to the second embodiment.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method of knowing the position or state of a person to be detected by analyzing components including Doppler shift using Fourier transform. More specifically, time changes of the elements of the complex transfer function are recorded, and the time waveform is Fourier transformed. A living body such as a person gives a slight Doppler effect to the reflected wave due to living body activity such as breathing or heartbeat. Therefore, the component containing the Doppler shift contains the human influence. On the other hand, the non-Doppler-shifted components correspond to radio signals unaffected by people, ie reflected waves from fixed objects or direct waves between transmitting and receiving antennas. In view of the above, Patent Literature 1 discloses that the position or state of a person to be detected can be known by analyzing the component including the Doppler shift.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method for detecting the position or state of a person to be detected by using difference information between two complex transfer functions of a radio device at two points in time at predetermined intervals. is disclosed.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a method for correcting the timing by sending a timer correction command between a plurality of sensors, but it is difficult to adjust the phase of the RF signal of the wireless device by command.
- Patent Document 4 is a technology intended for an acceleration sensor, and it is difficult to apply it to a wireless device.
- Patent Document 3 describes frequency fluctuations derived from the transmitter and the receiver, such as the clock frequency error between the transmitter and the receiver, and the sampling clock frequency error used in the AD converter and the DA converter.
- a method for estimating a person's position by suppressing the components caused by the Doppler shift and clock frequency error caused by the person is disclosed.
- wireless devices that output only a part of CSI, such as M ⁇ 1 elements or 1 ⁇ N elements.
- a wireless device that outputs only a part of these CSIs cannot acquire CSI having M ⁇ N elements, so there is a problem that it is difficult to estimate the direction or position of a living body.
- the inventors acquired CSI of the forward and backward paths, and combined the acquired CSI in consideration of phase rotation, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3. , the correlation function (more specifically, the correlation matrix) of the estimator can be calculated.
- the inventors have found that, in addition to the clock frequency error described in Patent Document 4, the difference in CSI acquisition time, phase shift, reversal of phase rotation due to forward and backward paths, etc. should be taken into consideration.
- the inventors found that it is possible to generate a channel by, for example, focusing on the first element of CSI in the forward and backward paths, matching the phase of one and then combining with the other, and , and found a method for estimating the direction or position of a living body using a radio that outputs only a part of CSI.
- An estimation method includes a first radio device including a first antenna unit having M (M is a natural number of 2 or more) first antenna elements, and N (N is a natural number of 2 or more) ), the estimation method performed by an estimation device comprising a second radio device having a second antenna unit having a second antenna element of ), wherein the measurement target area includes A first transmission signal is transmitted a plurality of times using one first antenna element, and a plurality of first reception signals received by each of the N second antenna elements, wherein the first transmission signal is transmitted a plurality of times.
- a plurality of first received signals including reflected signals of one transmitted signal reflected by a living body are observed during a first period corresponding to the period of movement of the living body, and the N second antennas are arranged in the area to be measured. transmitting a second transmitted signal multiple times using a second antenna element of one of the elements, and a plurality of second received signals received by each of said M first antenna elements, said multiple transmitted observing, during the first period, a plurality of second received signals including a reflected signal of the second transmitted signal reflected by the living body, and the plurality of first received signals observed during the first period; and using the plurality of second received signals to calculate a plurality of first combined complex transfer functions representing propagation characteristics between each of the M first antenna elements and the N second antenna elements, By subjecting a plurality of the first combined complex transfer functions to a predetermined method for suppressing the effects of clock frequency errors and transmission power errors occurring in the first radio and the second radio, calculating a plurality of second combined complex transfer functions, calculating biological information corresponding to a pre
- the CSI on the outbound path and the CSI on the inbound path are determined by the clock frequency error between the first radio and the second radio and
- the direction or position of the living body can be estimated by combining while performing calculations to suppress the influence of the transmission power error.
- the forward and backward CSI may be a portion of the CSI output by a radio that outputs only a portion of the CSI. Therefore, according to the above estimation method, the direction or position of the living body can be estimated using a wireless device that outputs at least part of the CSI.
- the first element of the first transmission signal and the first element of the second transmission signal are used to calculate from the plurality of first reception signals and the phase of one of the second complex transfer function calculated from the plurality of second received signals is adjusted to the phase of the other, and then the first complex transfer function and the second complex transfer
- the first combined complex transfer function may be calculated by combining functions.
- the first radio when the CSI on the outbound path and the CSI on the return path are combined, by matching the phases of the first complex transfer function and the second complex transfer function before combining, the first radio This contributes to suppressing the effects of clock frequency error and transmission power error between the radio and the second radio. Therefore, according to the above estimation method, it is possible to more easily estimate the direction or position of a living body using a wireless device that outputs at least part of CSI.
- a second combined complex transfer function may be calculated in which a component corresponding to at least one of timing fluctuations of analog-to-digital conversion of is suppressed.
- the clock fluctuation between the transmission section and the reception section of the transmission signal and the timing fluctuation of digital-analog conversion or analog-digital conversion At least one is used to more easily calculate the second combined complex transfer function. Therefore, according to the above estimation method, it is possible to more easily estimate the direction or position of a living body using a wireless device that outputs at least part of CSI.
- phase correction by the first element of the first transmission signal and the first element of the second transmission signal is performed on the first transmission signal and the second transmission signal.
- the second combined complex transfer function may be calculated by applying a phase rotation of one of the first transmitted signal and the second transmitted signal to one of the second transmitted signals to eliminate the phase rotation of the other.
- an estimation method includes a first radio device including a first antenna unit having M (M is a natural number of 2 or more) first antenna elements, and N (N is 2 or more) natural number) of the M first antenna elements in the area to be measured.
- a plurality of third received signals including reflected signals in which one transmitted signal is reflected by a living body during a first period corresponding to the cycle of the movement of the living body, transmitting the second transmit signal from each of the elements multiple times, and a plurality of fourth received signals received by one first antenna element of the M first antenna elements, wherein A plurality of fourth received signals, in which the second transmitted signal includes a reflected signal reflected by the living body, are observed during the first period, the plurality of third received signals observed during the first period, and the Using a plurality of fourth received signals, a plurality of first combined complex transfer functions representing propagation characteristics between each of the M first antenna elements and the N second antenna elements are calculated, and a predetermined method, by subjecting the plurality of first combined complex transfer functions to a calculation that suppresses the effects of the clock frequency error and the transmission power error occurring in the first radio device and the second radio device, calculating a second combined complex transfer function, calculating biometric information corresponding to a predetermined frequency range corresponding to a component
- the CSI of the forward path and the CSI of the return path are the clock frequency error between the first radio and the second radio and
- the direction or position of the living body can be estimated by combining while performing calculations to suppress the influence of the transmission power error.
- the forward and backward CSI may be a portion of the CSI output by a radio that outputs only a portion of the CSI. Therefore, according to the above estimation method, the direction or position of the living body can be estimated using a wireless device that outputs at least part of the CSI.
- the first element of the third received signal and the first element of the fourth received signal are used to calculate from the plurality of third received signals and the phase of one of the first complex transfer function calculated from the plurality of fourth received signals is adjusted to the phase of the other, and then the first complex transfer function and the second complex transfer
- the first combined complex transfer function may be calculated by combining functions.
- the first radio when the CSI on the outbound path and the CSI on the return path are combined, by matching the phases of the first complex transfer function and the second complex transfer function before combining, the first radio This contributes to suppressing the effects of clock frequency error and transmission power error between the radio and the second radio. Therefore, according to the above estimation method, it is possible to more easily estimate the direction or position of a living body using a wireless device that outputs at least part of CSI.
- a second combined complex transfer function may be calculated in which a component corresponding to at least one of timing fluctuations of analog-to-digital conversion of is suppressed.
- the clock fluctuation between the transmission section and the reception section of the transmission signal and the timing fluctuation of digital-analog conversion or analog-digital conversion At least one is used to more easily calculate the second combined complex transfer function. Therefore, according to the above estimation method, it is possible to more easily estimate the direction or position of a living body using a wireless device that outputs at least part of CSI.
- phase correction by the first element of the third received signal and the first element of the fourth received signal is performed on the third received signal and the fourth received signal.
- the second combined complex transfer function may be calculated by applying a phase rotation to one of the third received signal and the fourth received signal to eliminate the phase rotation of the other.
- the second combined complex transfer function extracting one element from the first combined complex transfer function and dividing all the elements of the first combined complex transfer function by the extracted one element. , the second combined complex transfer function may be calculated.
- an average value of all elements of the first combined complex transfer function is calculated, and all elements of the first combined complex transfer function are divided by the calculated average value. to calculate the second combined complex transfer function.
- a correlation matrix is calculated by a predetermined method for the first combined complex transfer function, and eigenvalue decomposition is performed on the correlation matrix to obtain one or more eigenvalues and the one or more calculating an eigenvector corresponding to each eigenvalue of and multiplying the first combined complex transfer function by an eigenvector corresponding to a maximum eigenvalue among the one or more calculated eigenvectors, among the one or more calculated eigenvectors
- the third complex transfer function which is the channel component of the direct wave
- the eigenvalues and eigenvectors calculated from the first combined complex transfer function can be used to more easily calculate the second combined complex transfer function from the first combined complex transfer function. Therefore, according to the above estimation method, it is possible to more easily estimate the direction or position of a living body using a wireless device that outputs at least part of CSI.
- a left singular vector and a right singular vector are calculated by singular value decomposition of the first combined complex transfer function by a predetermined method, and the left singular vector and the right singular vector multiplying the first combined complex transfer function by a vector to calculate a fourth complex transfer function that is a channel component of the direct wave, and multiplying all elements of the first combined complex transfer function by the fourth complex transfer function;
- the second combined complex transfer function may be calculated by dividing.
- the singular values and singular vectors calculated from the first combined complex transfer function can be used to more easily calculate the second combined complex transfer function from the first combined complex transfer function. Therefore, according to the above estimation method, it is possible to more easily estimate the direction or position of a living body using a wireless device that outputs at least part of CSI.
- the predetermined direction-of-arrival estimation method may be an estimation method that uses at least one of the MUSIC (MUltiple Signal Classification) method, the beamformer method, and the Capon method.
- MUSIC MUltiple Signal Classification
- the direction or position of the living body can be more easily estimated by any one of the MUSIC method, the beamformer method, and the Capon method. Therefore, according to the above estimation method, it is possible to more easily estimate the direction or position of a living body using a wireless device that outputs at least part of CSI.
- the first received signal or the second received signal may be a signal modulated by an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) signal.
- OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
- the direction or position of the living body can be more easily estimated using the first received signal or the second received signal modulated by the OFDM signal. Therefore, according to the above estimation method, it is possible to more easily estimate the direction or position of a living body using a wireless device that outputs at least part of CSI.
- the third received signal or the fourth received signal may be a signal modulated by an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) signal.
- OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
- the direction or position of the living body can be more easily estimated using the first received signal or the second received signal modulated by the OFDM signal. Therefore, according to the above estimation method, it is possible to more easily estimate the direction or position of a living body using a wireless device that outputs at least part of CSI.
- an estimating device includes a first radio device including a first antenna unit having M (M is a natural number of 2 or more) first antenna elements, and N (N is 2 or more) and a second radio device having a second antenna unit having second antenna elements of (a natural number of ), wherein the first radio device is arranged in a measurement target area to include the M first antennas transmitting a first transmit signal multiple times using a first antenna element of one of the elements, the second radio receiving a plurality of first received signals received by each of the N second antenna elements; wherein a plurality of first received signals including reflected signals of the first transmitted signals transmitted a plurality of times and reflected by a living body are observed during a first period corresponding to a period of movement of the living body; A second radio device transmits a second transmission signal multiple times using one of the N second antenna elements to the area to be measured, and the first radio device transmits the M a plurality of second received signals received by each of the first antenna elements, wherein the second transmitted
- a second combined complex transfer function calculating unit for calculating; a biological information calculating unit for extracting biological information corresponding to a predetermined frequency range corresponding to the component related to the living body in the plurality of second combined complex transfer functions; and a position estimation processing unit for estimating the direction or position of the living body using the biological information by a direction estimation method.
- an estimating device includes a first radio device including a first antenna unit having M (M is a natural number of 2 or more) first antenna elements, and N (N is 2 or more) and a second radio device having a second antenna unit having second antenna elements of (a natural number of ), wherein the first radio device is arranged in a measurement target area to include the M first antennas transmitting a first transmit signal multiple times from each of the N second antenna elements; observing a plurality of third received signals including reflected signals of the first transmitted signals transmitted a plurality of times and reflected by a living body during a first period corresponding to a period of movement of the living body; transmits a second transmission signal multiple times from each of the N second antenna elements to the area to be measured, and the first radio transmits one of the M first antenna elements a plurality of fourth received signals received by the first antenna element, the plurality of fourth received signals including reflected signals reflected by the living body from the second transmitted signals transmitted a plurality of times; period, and the
- the present disclosure can be implemented not only as a device, but also as an integrated circuit including processing means included in such a device, as a method using processing means that constitute the device as steps, or as steps can be realized as a program to be executed by a computer, or as information, data or a signal indicating the program.
- These programs, information, data and signals may be distributed via recording media such as CD-ROMs and communication media such as the Internet.
- the estimation device 10 and the estimation method combine forward CSI and return CSI, extract a direct wave that does not pass through a living body, detect phase rotation caused by frequency error, and remove phase rotation caused by frequency error from the entire channel. By doing so, it becomes possible to estimate the direction in which the living body exists.
- the estimation apparatus 10 estimates the direction of a living body, which is a detection target, using outbound and inbound CSI obtained from two predetermined wireless devices. .
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of estimation device 10 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 1 also shows a living body 30 that is a detection target of the estimation device 10 shown in FIG.
- the estimation device 10 shown in FIG. A transfer function calculator 24 , a second combined complex transfer function calculator 25 , a biological information calculator 26 , and a position estimation processor 27 are provided.
- the estimating device 10 estimates the direction in which the living body 30 exists relative to the estimating device 10 .
- the estimating device 10 is not limited to having all of the above components in one housing.
- the estimating device 10 may include a plurality of devices communicably connected to each other, and the above components may be separately arranged in each of the plurality of devices. In that case, the estimating device 10 may be called an estimating system.
- the estimating device 10 uses the first radio 12 having M antenna elements and the second radio 11 having N antenna elements to transmit a known signal from the first radio 12 to the second radio 11
- FIG. 1 shows a case of acquiring CSI (corresponding to forward CSI) when transmitting .
- FIG. 3 shows a case where the estimating device 10 acquires CSI (corresponding to return CSI) when a known signal is transmitted from the second radio 11 to the first radio 12 .
- the estimating apparatus 10 has a full MIMO configuration, but as an example, a method of estimating the position of the living body 30 when CSI with a SIMO configuration is obtained for the outward and return paths will be described.
- the first radio device 12 generates a high-frequency signal used for estimating the direction of the living body 30 using the internal clock fTX of the first radio device 12 . For example, as shown in FIG. 2 , the first radio device 12 transmits the generated signal (transmission wave) from the antenna element provided in the antenna section 20 . Also, the first radio 12 processes the received signal received by each of the antenna elements during reception.
- FIG. 4 shows a conceptual diagram showing an example of the frequency components of the I and Q signals received by the estimation device 10 in this embodiment. More specifically, the dashed line 100 shown in FIG. 4 indicates the DC component of the signal received by the estimator 10, the solid line 101 indicates the AC component of the I signal received by the estimator 10, and the dashed line 102 indicates 4 shows the AC component of the Q signal received by the estimator 10;
- the antenna section 20 has M (M is a natural number of 2 or more) antenna elements (specifically, antenna elements #1 to #M).
- the first transmission/reception unit 22 transmits or receives a predetermined signal using M antenna elements.
- the first transmitting/receiving unit 22 transmits a known signal for biometric estimation during transmission.
- the first transmitting/receiving unit 22 receives a received signal received by each of the antenna elements, which is transmitted from the antenna element on the transmitting side and includes a reflected signal reflected by the living body 30, to the living body 30. Observations are made for a first period corresponding to a cycle derived from 30 activities.
- the antenna element on the transmitting side may be an antenna element of the antenna section 21 of the second radio device 11 .
- the living body 30 is the living body 30 as shown in FIG. 2, but is not limited thereto.
- a cycle derived from the activity of the living body 30 is a living body-derived cycle (biological variation cycle) including at least one of breathing, heartbeat, and body movement of the living body 30 .
- the first transceiver 22 sends the observed received signal to the first combined complex transfer function calculator 24 as a second received signal.
- the second radio 11 generates a high-frequency signal used for estimating the direction of the living body 30 using the internal clock fRX like the first radio 12 .
- the second radio device 11 transmits the generated signal (transmission wave) from the antenna element included in the antenna section 21 .
- the second wireless device 11 processes the received signal received by each of the antenna elements during reception.
- the antenna section 21 has N (N is a natural number of 2 or more) antenna elements (specifically, antenna elements #1 to #N).
- the second transmitting/receiving unit 23 transmits received signals received by each of the N antenna elements, which are transmitted from the antenna elements on the transmitting side and include reflected signals reflected by the living body 30, to the living body 30. Observation is made for the first period corresponding to the cycle derived from the activity.
- the first period may be the same as the first period during which the first transmitting/receiving section 22 observes the received signal.
- the second transceiver 23 sends the observed received signal to the first combined complex transfer function calculator 24 as the first received signal.
- the first transmitting/receiving unit 22 and the second transmitting/receiving unit 23 each have a plurality of antenna elements, and the high-frequency signal received by the corresponding antenna element is transmitted using the internal clock fTX or fRX, Converts to a low-frequency signal that can be processed.
- the first transmitting/receiving section 22 transmits a known signal for acquiring CSI from one predetermined antenna element of the antenna section 20 .
- the transmitted signal reflected by the living body 30 is received by the N antenna elements of the antenna section 21 of the second wireless device 11 .
- the second transmitting/receiving section 23 sends the received signal to the first combined complex transfer function calculating section 24 as a first received signal.
- the second transmitting/receiving section 23 transmits a known signal for acquiring CSI from one predetermined antenna element of the antenna section 21 .
- the transmitted signal reflected by the living body 30 is received by the M antenna elements of the antenna section 20 of the first wireless device 12 .
- the first transmitting/receiving section 22 sends the received signal to the first combined complex transfer function calculating section 24 as a second received signal.
- the first combined complex transfer function calculator 24 calculates a plurality of complex transfer functions representing propagation characteristics between the first radio device 12 and the second radio device 11 from the first received signal and the second received signal. do.
- the first combined complex transfer function calculation unit 24 calculates the first radio device 12 and the second A complex transfer function representing the propagation characteristics with the wireless device 11 is calculated.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram conceptually showing how signal waves are transmitted in the antenna section 21 shown in FIG.
- transmission waves transmitted from the antenna elements of the antenna section 20 are reflected by the living body 30 and reach the array antenna of the antenna section 21 .
- the array antenna is a linear array consisting of M antenna elements with an element spacing of d.
- ⁇ be the direction of the living body 30 viewed from the front of the array antenna. It is assumed that the distance between the living body 30 and the array antenna is sufficiently large, and the reflected wave originating from the living body 30 and arriving at the array antenna can be regarded as a plane wave.
- the first combined complex transfer function calculator 24 calculates the first received signal vector observed using the array antenna , a first complex transfer function vector representing the propagation characteristics between the antenna element on the transmitting side and the array antenna on the receiving side can be calculated.
- the first complex transfer function vector h F is, for example, It can be calculated by where s is the complex transmitted signal and is assumed to be known. Note that the first complex transfer function vector h F that is the forward CSI is an example of the first complex transfer function.
- the first combined complex transfer function calculator 24 calculates the second received signal vector observed using the array antenna as in the case of forward CSI.
- a second complex transfer function vector representing the propagation characteristics between the antenna element on the transmitting side and the array antenna on the receiving side can be calculated.
- the second complex transfer function vector h B is, for example, It can be calculated by note that, represents the transpose.
- h F11 and h B11 are essentially the same value (in other words, by design), but the phases differ due to clock frequency error, power error, and acquisition time difference. (ie, combine the first complex transfer function vector and the second complex transfer function vector).
- the first combined complex transfer function calculator 24 uses the first element of the first transmission signal and the first element of the second transmission signal to calculate the first complex transfer function calculated from the plurality of first received signals. By matching the phase of one of the function and the second complex transfer function calculated from the plurality of second received signals to the phase of the other, and then combining the first complex transfer function and the second complex transfer function, Compute the first combined complex transfer function.
- the first combined complex transfer function vector h(t) is expressed as follows.
- the first combined complex transfer function vector h(t) includes frequency variation components from the transmitter and receiver, and Doppler shift from the living body 30 .
- Transmitter- and receiver-derived frequency variation components include, for example, (i) attenuation or phase rotation due to spatial propagation of the transmitted signal, (ii) clock frequency error between the transmitter and receiver (fRX-fTX), (iii) ) Sampling clock frequency error and the like used in the radio such as DA conversion are included.
- the second combined complex transfer function calculator 25 calculates h(t) Extract any one element h l in .
- the second combined complex transfer function calculator 25 divides all elements of the first combined complex transfer function vector h(t) as direct wave components by one element h l extracted as described above.
- a second combined complex transfer function vector h' is calculated by removing the phase rotation.
- any element of the first combined complex transfer function vector h(t), such as the element h1 may be used as the element of the direct wave component.
- the second combined complex transfer function vector h' is an example of the second combined complex transfer function.
- the second combined complex transfer function calculation unit 25 performs a predetermined operation using one or more elements of the first combined complex transfer function vector h(t) to obtain the first combined complex transfer function vector h From (t), (1) clock fluctuation between the first radio 12 and the second radio 11, and (2) timing fluctuation of digital-analog conversion of the transmission signal or analog-digital conversion of the reception signal. Compute a second combined complex transfer function vector h' in which at least one corresponding component is suppressed.
- the biological information calculation unit 26 uses the calculated second combined complex transfer function vector h′ to calculate two second combined complex transfer functions at two points in time at predetermined intervals in the same manner as the difference information calculation unit described in Patent Document 1.
- Biological information is calculated by calculating the difference information of the vector h'. That is, the biological information calculation unit 26 extracts the biological information corresponding to the components related to the living body 30 by extracting the biological information corresponding to the predetermined frequency range in the calculated plurality of second combined complex transfer function vectors h'. .
- the biometric information calculator 26 extracts biometric information corresponding to components affected by vital activity including at least one of respiration, heartbeat, and body movement of the living body 30 .
- this biological information can be obtained by calculating the biological component from the second combined complex transfer function vector h', and it goes without saying that the same effect can be obtained by using the frequency response.
- the number of differential values (difference information) of the second complex transfer function vector h' corresponding to the antenna section 21 is also plural. These are collectively defined as a complex difference channel vector. If the number of antenna elements is N, the complex differential channel vector is and is. Also, l or m is a positive integer representing a measurement number and a sample time.
- the position estimation processing unit 27 uses the biological information extracted from the second combined complex transfer function vector h′ to estimate the direction in which the living body 30 exists, using the estimation device 10 as a direction reference, by a predetermined direction-of-arrival estimation method. do. More specifically, the predetermined direction-of-arrival estimation method may be an estimation method based on the MUSIC (MUltipleSignal Classification) algorithm, such as the direction estimation processing unit described in Patent Document 1, and this case will be described as an example. An estimation method based on the beamformer method or the Capon method may be used.
- MUSIC MUltipleSignal Classification
- aF is the forward steering vector
- aB is the return steering vector
- the signal transmitted from the first radio 12 may be a continuous signal (CW signal) or an encoded signal such as an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) signal.
- CW signal continuous signal
- OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
- the second combined complex transfer function calculator 25 of the present embodiment uses the first combined complex transfer function vector h(t) as a direct wave component for any given value in the first combined complex transfer function vector h(t).
- the second combined complex transfer function vector h' is calculated by dividing by one element hl , the division is not limited to one element hl .
- the second combined complex transfer function calculator 25 adds any one element h l , the element h lmin with the smallest time variation of
- the average value of all elements of the first complex transfer function vector h0 may be used.
- singular value decomposition of the complex transfer function at an arbitrary time t is performed to obtain a singular vector, and thereby the second combined complex transfer function vector h' is calculated. good.
- the complex transfer function may be observed for a certain period of time, and the correlation matrix for the entire observation time may be subjected to eigenvalue decomposition to obtain eigenvectors, thereby calculating the second combined complex transfer function vector h'.
- the direct wave component may be obtained by eigenvalue decomposition of the correlation matrix for the entire observation time to obtain an eigenvector, thereby calculating the second combined complex transfer function vector h'.
- the first combined complex transfer function calculation unit 24 uses the first complex transfer function vector h F and the second complex transfer function vector h B , and utilizes the fact that the phase rotation appears to be opposite between the forward and return paths. , which gives A second complex transfer function vector may be calculated as This eliminates the phase rotation and is equivalent to observing at an intermediate frequency between the two stations.
- the first radio device 12, the second radio device 11, the first combined complex transfer function calculation unit 24, the second combined complex transfer function calculation unit 25, the biological information calculation unit 26, and the position estimation processing unit 27 are It may be implemented by one or more processors executing a program stored in a memory provided by, or may be implemented by one or more dedicated circuits. That is, the above components may be realized by software or by hardware.
- FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing estimation processing of the estimation device 10 according to the present embodiment.
- the estimation device 10 transmits transmission signals to the area to be measured using the first radio 12 and the second radio 11, respectively, and observes the received signals during the first period (S10). More specifically, the estimating device 10 observes a received signal including a reflected signal transmitted from one antenna element and reflected by the living body 30 for a first period corresponding to a period derived from the activity of the living body 30. do. Observation is made for each of the outward route and the return route.
- step S10 the estimating apparatus 10 obtains the propagation characteristics between one transmitting antenna element and each of the receiving antenna elements from a plurality of received signals observed in the first period.
- a plurality of combined complex transfer functions are calculated (S20). Since the details are as described above, the description here is omitted. The same applies to the following.
- the estimation device 10 divides the first combined complex transfer function calculated in step S20 by the direct wave component to calculate the second combined complex transfer function (S30).
- the estimation device 10 calculates biological information from the second combined complex transfer function calculated in step S30 (S40).
- the estimating device 10 uses the two or more pieces of biological information calculated in step S40 to estimate the position where the living body 30 exists (S50).
- the estimation apparatus 10 and the estimation method of the present embodiment the direct wave component that does not pass through the living body 30 is extracted from the received signal, the phase rotation caused by the frequency error is detected, and the Since the clock fluctuation and the phase rotation caused by the frequency error are removed, it is possible to accurately estimate the direction in which the living body 30 exists. Therefore, the estimating device 10 can accurately estimate the direction in which the living body 30 exists relative to the estimating device 10 .
- an estimation device 10A and an estimation method for estimating the direction in which a living body exists by combining forward CSI and return CSI will be described, even if the CSI is a MISO configuration.
- FIG. 6 and 7 are block diagrams each showing an example of the configuration of estimation device 10A according to the present embodiment. Elements similar to those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. In the present embodiment, the same elements as in the first embodiment have the same operations and variations, unless otherwise mentioned, and redundant descriptions are omitted.
- the estimating device 10A shown in FIG. A function calculator 24A, a second combined complex transfer function calculator 25, a biological information calculator 26, and a position estimation processor 27 are provided.
- the estimating device 10A estimates the direction in which the living body 30 exists relative to the estimating device 10A.
- the estimating device 10A uses the first radio 12 having M antenna elements and the second radio 11 having N antenna elements to transmit known signals from the first radio 12 to the second radio 11.
- FIG. 6 shows a case of acquiring CSI (corresponding to forward CSI) when transmitting .
- FIG. 7 shows a case where the estimating device 10A acquires CSI (corresponding to return CSI) when a known signal is transmitted from the second radio device 11 to the first radio device 12.
- the estimating device 10A has a full MIMO configuration. As an example, a method of estimating the position of the living body 30 by the estimating device 10A when CSI with a MISO configuration is obtained for the forward and return paths will be described. do.
- the first transmission/reception unit 22A transmits or receives a predetermined signal using M antenna elements.
- the first transmission/reception unit 22A transmits a known signal for biometric estimation during transmission.
- the first transmission/reception unit 22A receives a received signal received by each of the antenna elements, which is transmitted from the antenna element on the transmitting side and includes a reflected signal reflected by the living body 30, to the living body 30. A first period corresponding to a cycle derived from 30 activities is observed.
- the first transmitting/receiving section 22A sends the observed received signal as a fourth received signal to the first combined complex transfer function calculating section 24A.
- the second transmitting/receiving unit 23A transmits received signals received by each of the N antenna elements, which are transmitted from the antenna elements on the transmitting side and include reflected signals reflected by the living body 30, to the living body 30. Observation is made for the first period corresponding to the cycle derived from the activity.
- the second transmitting/receiving section 23A sends the observed received signal as a third received signal to the first combined complex transfer function calculating section 24A.
- the first transmitting/receiving unit 22A transmits known signals for acquiring CSI from the M antenna elements of the antenna unit 20, and the signals reflected by the living body 30 are is received by one predetermined antenna element of the antenna section 21 of the second radio 11 .
- the second transmitting/receiving section 23A sends the received signal as a third received signal to the first combined complex transfer function calculating section 24A.
- the second transmitting/receiving section 23A transmits known signals for acquiring CSI from the N antenna elements of the antenna section 21 .
- a predetermined single antenna element of the antenna section 20 of the first wireless device 12 receives the transmitted signal reflected by the living body 30 .
- the first transmission/reception section 22A sends the received signal as a fourth reception signal to the first combined complex transfer function calculation section 24A.
- the first combined complex transfer function calculator 24A calculates a plurality of complex transfer functions representing propagation characteristics between the first radio device 12 and the second radio device 11 from the third received signal and the fourth received signal. do.
- the first combined complex transfer function calculation unit 24A calculates the first wireless device 12 and the second A complex transfer function representing the propagation characteristics with the wireless device 11 is calculated.
- the first combined complex transfer function calculator 24A calculates the third received signal vector observed using the array antenna , it is possible to calculate the third complex transfer function vector representing the propagation characteristics between the antenna element on the transmitting side and the array antenna on the receiving side.
- the third complex transfer function vector h F is, for example, It can be calculated by
- the first combined complex transfer function calculator 24A calculates the fourth received signal vector , it is possible to calculate a fourth complex transfer function vector representing the propagation characteristics between the antenna element on the transmitting side and the array antenna on the receiving side.
- the fourth complex transfer function vector h B is, for example, It can be calculated by
- h F11 and h B11 are essentially the same value (in other words, by design), but the phases differ due to clock frequency error, power error, and acquisition time difference. (ie, combine the first complex transfer function vector and the second complex transfer function vector).
- the first combined complex transfer function calculator 24A uses the first element of the third received signal and the first element of the fourth received signal to calculate the first complex transfer calculated from the plurality of third received signals. By matching the phase of one of the function and the second complex transfer function calculated from the plurality of fourth received signals to the phase of the other, and then combining the first complex transfer function and the second complex transfer function, Compute the first combined complex transfer function.
- the first combined complex transfer function vector h(t) of the SIMO configuration is expressed as follows.
- the first combined complex transfer function vector h(t) includes frequency fluctuation components derived from the transmitter and receiver and Doppler shift derived from the living body 30 .
- Frequency fluctuation components originating from the transmitter and receiver may be removed by the same method as described in the first embodiment. Also, after the above removal, the method for estimating the position of the living body 30 is the same as the method described in the first embodiment.
- the direction in which the living body 30 exists can be estimated by combining the forward CSI and the backward CSI even with MISO-configured CSI. becomes possible.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the concept of a simulation experiment using the estimation method according to this embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing experimental conditions using the estimation method according to the present embodiment.
- Both the transmitting array antenna (Tx array) and the receiving array antenna (Rx array) shown in FIG. 8 have a 4 ⁇ 4 MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) configuration using a four-element patch array antenna. It also has an SP4T (Single-Pole-4-Throw) switch on the transmission side and four receivers on the reception side.
- Tx array transmitting array antenna
- Rx array receiving array antenna
- the distance between the array elements of the transmitting and receiving antennas is 0.5 wavelength
- the distance D between the transmitting and receiving antennas is 4.0 m
- the antenna height h is the chest height of a human (Living-Body) standing upright. It was set to a certain 1.0m.
- An unmodulated continuous wave (CW: Continuous Wave) of 2.47125 GHz was transmitted from the transmitter, and the channel measurement time was 33 seconds. During the channel measurement, there was no one other than the subject, and the subject faced the wall on the antenna side.
- CW Continuous Wave
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing simulation results using the estimation method according to the second embodiment.
- (a) of FIG. 10 shows the results of a conventional simulation using full MIMO CSI.
- FIG. 10(b) shows the result of a conventional simulation using CSI with a SIMO configuration.
- Fig. 10 shows the results of body position estimation when there are two subjects in the space.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing another experimental result using the estimation method according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 11 shows a cumulative probability distribution (CDF: Cumulative Distribution Function) of position estimation errors when there are two subjects.
- CDF Cumulative Distribution Function
- the horizontal axis indicates the position estimation error (unit: m)
- the vertical axis indicates the CDF for the position estimation error.
- FIG. 11(a) shows the CDF when full MIMO CSI is used
- FIG. 11(b) shows the CDF when SIMO configured CSI is used.
- the direction in which the living body exists can be determined by acquiring the CSI of the forward path and the return path, combining them, and processing the frequency error in the same manner. It is possible to estimate
- Embodiments 1 and 2 direction estimation or position estimation of the living body 30 has been described as an example, but the subject of estimation processing is not limited to the living body 30 .
- the target of the estimation process is applicable to various living organisms (machines, etc.) that, when irradiated with high-frequency signals, give a Doppler effect to the reflected waves due to their activity or movement.
- the present disclosure can be implemented not only as an estimating device having such characteristic components, but also as an estimating method or the like in which the characteristic components included in the estimating device are used as steps. can. It can also be implemented as a computer program that causes a computer to execute each characteristic step included in such a method. It goes without saying that such a computer program can be distributed via a non-temporary computer-readable recording medium such as a CD-ROM or a communication network such as the Internet.
- the present disclosure can be used for an estimation device that estimates the direction and position of a living body using radio signals. It can be used for an estimation device installed in a home appliance that performs detection, a monitoring device that detects the intrusion of a living body, and the like.
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Abstract
Description
人物の位置などを知る方法として、無線信号を利用する方法が検討されている。
本実施の形態では、CSIの一部を少なくとも出力する無線機を用いて推定装置に対する生体の方向または位置を精度よく推定する推定装置および推定方法について説明する。
図1は、本実施の形態における推定装置10の構成の一例を示すブロック図である。図1には、図1に示す推定装置10の検出対象である生体30が合わせて示されている。
第一無線機12は、生体30の方向を推定するために用いる高周波の信号を、第一無線機12の内部クロックfTXを用いて生成する。例えば、図2に示すように、第一無線機12は、生成した信号(送信波)を、アンテナ部20が備えるアンテナ素子から送信する。また、第一無線機12は、受信時は、上記アンテナ素子のそれぞれにより受信された受信信号を処理する。
アンテナ部20は、M個(Mは2以上の自然数)のアンテナ素子(具体的には、アンテナ素子#1~#M)を有する。
第一送受信部22は、M個のアンテナ素子により、所定の信号を送信、または、受信する。
第二無線機11は、生体30の方向を推定するために用いる高周波の信号を、第一無線機12と同様に内部クロックfRXを用いて生成する。例えば、図2に示すように、第二無線機11は、生成した信号(送信波)を、アンテナ部21が備えるアンテナ素子から送信する。
アンテナ部21は、N個(Nは2以上の自然数)のアンテナ素子(具体的には、アンテナ素子#1~#N)を有する。
第二送受信部23は、N個のアンテナ素子のそれぞれにより受信された受信信号であって、送信側のアンテナ素子から送信され、生体30によって反射された反射信号を含む受信信号を、生体30の活動に由来する周期に相当する第一期間について観測する。ここで、上記第一期間は、第一送受信部22が受信信号を観測する第一期間と同じであってよい。
第一結合複素伝達関数算出部24は、第一受信信号と第二受信信号とから、第一無線機12と第二無線機11のそれぞれとの間の伝搬特性を表す複素伝達関数を複数算出する。
更に、第一結合複素伝達関数ベクトルh(t)には、送信機および受信機由来の周波数変動成分と、生体30由来のドップラシフトとが含まれる。送信機および受信機由来の周波数変動成分には、例えば、(i)送信信号の空間伝播による減衰または位相回転、(ii)送信機および受信機間のクロック周波数誤差(fRX-fTX)、(iii)DA変換など無線機内にて用いられるサンプリングクロック周波数誤差などが含まれる。第一結合複素伝達関数ベクトルh(t)から送信機および受信機由来の周波数変動成分の位相回転を除去するために、第二結合複素伝達関数算出部25は、直接波成分としてh(t)内の任意の一つの要素hlを抽出する。
生体情報算出部26は、算出された第二結合複素伝達関数ベクトルh′を用い、特許文献1に記載の差分情報算出部と同様に所定間隔の2つの時点における2つの第二結合複素伝達関数ベクトルh′の差分情報を算出することで、生体情報を算出する。つまり、生体情報算出部26は、算出された複数の第二結合複素伝達関数ベクトルh′における所定周波数範囲に対応する生体情報を抽出することで、生体30に関する成分に対応する生体情報を抽出する。例えば、生体情報算出部26は、生体情報として、生体30の呼吸、心拍および体動の少なくともいずれかを含むバイタル活動の影響を受けた成分に対応する生体情報を抽出する。
位置推定処理部27は、第二結合複素伝達関数ベクトルh′より抽出した当該生体情報を用いて、所定の到来方向推定手法により、推定装置10を方向の基準として生体30の存在する方向を推定する。より具体的には、所定の到来方向推定手法は、特許文献1記載の方向推定処理部のようなMUSIC(MUltipleSIgnal Classification)アルゴリズムに基づく推定手法であってよく、この場合を例として説明するが、ビームフォーマ法またはCapon法に基づく推定手法であってもよい。
なお、本実施の形態の第二結合複素伝達関数算出部25は、第一結合複素伝達関数ベクトルh(t)を、直接波成分として第一結合複素伝達関数ベクトルh(t)内の任意の一つの要素hlにて除算することで、第二結合複素伝達関数ベクトルh′を算出したが、一つの要素hlにて除算することに限らない。
以上のように構成された推定装置10の推定処理の動作について説明する。図5は、本実施の形態における推定装置10の推定処理を示すフローチャートである。
本実施の形態の推定装置10および推定方法によれば、受信信号から生体30を経由しない直接波成分を抽出し、周波数誤差によって生じる位相回転を検出し、チャネル全体から送信部および受信部間のクロック揺らぎ、および、周波数誤差由来の位相回転を除去するため、生体30の存在する方向を精度よく推定することが可能となる。このため、推定装置10は、推定装置10に対する相対的な、生体30が存在する方向を精度よく推定することができる。
本実施の形態では、CSIの一部を少なくとも出力する無線機を用いて推定装置に対する生体の方向または位置を精度よく推定する推定装置および推定方法について、実施の形態1とは異なる形態を説明する。
図6および図7は、それぞれ、本実施の形態における推定装置10Aの構成の一例を示すブロック図である。図1と同様の要素には同一の符号を付しており、詳細な説明を省略する。本実施の形態において、実施の形態1と同じ要素については特に言及がない限り、同様の動作および同様のバリエーションがあるとし、重複した説明は省略する。
第一送受信部22Aは、M個のアンテナ素子により、所定の信号を送信、または、受信する。
第二送受信部23Aは、N個のアンテナ素子のそれぞれにより受信された受信信号であって、送信側のアンテナ素子から送信され、生体30によって反射された反射信号を含む受信信号を、生体30の活動に由来する周期に相当する第一期間について観測する。
第一結合複素伝達関数算出部24Aは、第三受信信号と第四受信信号とから、第一無線機12と第二無線機11のそれぞれとの間の伝搬特性を表す複素伝達関数を複数算出する。
本実施の形態の推定装置10Aおよび推定方法によれば、MISO構成のCSIであっても、往路のCSIと復路のCSIとを結合することを用いて、生体30の存在する方向を推定することが可能となる。
図8は、本実施の形態に係る推定方法を用いたシミュレーション実験の概念を示す図である。図9は、本実施の形態に係る推定方法を用いた実験の条件を示す図である。
11 第二無線機
12 第一無線機
20、21 アンテナ部
22、22A 第一送受信部
23、23A 第二送受信部
24、24A 第一結合複素伝達関数算出部
25 第二結合複素伝達関数算出部
26 生体情報算出部
27 位置推定処理部
30 生体
Claims (17)
- M個(Mは2以上の自然数)の第一アンテナ素子を有する第一アンテナ部を備えた第一無線機と、N個(Nは2以上の自然数)の第二アンテナ素子を有する第二アンテナ部を備えた第二無線機とを備える推定装置が実行する推定方法であって、
測定対象の領域に、前記M個の第一アンテナ素子のうちの一つの第一アンテナ素子を用いて第一送信信号を複数回送信し、
前記N個の第二アンテナ素子のそれぞれにより受信された複数の第一受信信号であって、複数回送信された前記第一送信信号が生体によって反射された反射信号を含む複数の第一受信信号を、前記生体の動きの周期に相当する第一期間に観測し、
測定対象の領域に、前記N個の第二アンテナ素子のうちの一つの第二アンテナ素子を用いて第二送信信号を複数回送信し、
前記M個の第一アンテナ素子のそれぞれにより受信された複数の第二受信信号であって、複数回送信された前記第二送信信号が前記生体によって反射された反射信号を含む複数の第二受信信号を、前記第一期間に観測し、
前記第一期間に観測された前記複数の第一受信信号、および前記複数の第二受信信号を用いて、前記M個の第一アンテナ素子と前記N個の第二アンテナ素子のそれぞれとの間の伝搬特性を表す第一結合複素伝達関数を複数算出し、
所定の方法で、複数の前記第一結合複素伝達関数に、前記第一無線機と前記第二無線機とに生じたクロック周波数誤差と送信電力誤差との影響を抑制する演算を施すことで、複数の第二結合複素伝達関数を算出し、
複数の前記第二結合複素伝達関数における、前記生体に関する成分に対応する所定周波数範囲に対応する生体情報を算出し、
所定の到来方向推定手法により、前記生体情報を用いて、前記生体の存在する方向または位置を推定する
推定方法。 - 前記第一結合複素伝達関数を算出する際には、
前記第一送信信号の第一エレメントと前記第二送信信号の第一エレメントとを用いて、前記複数の第一受信信号から算出される第一複素伝達関数と、前記複数の第二受信信号から算出される第二複素伝達関数との一方の位相を他方の位相に合わせてから、前記第一複素伝達関数と前記第二複素伝達関数とを結合することで、前記第一結合複素伝達関数を算出する
請求項1記載の推定方法。 - 前記第二結合複素伝達関数を算出する際には、
前記第一結合複素伝達関数の1以上の要素を用いて所定の演算を行うことにより、前記第一結合複素伝達関数から、
(1)アンテナ部から送信する送信信号を生成する送信部と受信部との間のクロック揺らぎ、および、
(2)前記送信信号のデジタル-アナログ変換、または、前記第一受信信号もしくは前記第二受信信号のアナログ-デジタル変換のタイミング揺らぎ、
の少なくとも一方に対応する成分が抑制された第二結合複素伝達関数を算出する
請求項2記載の推定方法。 - 前記第二結合複素伝達関数を算出する際には、
前記第一送信信号の第一エレメントと前記第二送信信号の第一エレメントとによる位相補正を前記第一送信信号と前記第二送信信号とに施すことによって、前記第一送信信号と前記第二送信信号との一方に対する他方の位相回転を消失させることで、前記第二結合複素伝達関数を算出する
請求項1記載の推定方法。 - M個(Mは2以上の自然数)の第一アンテナ素子を有する第一アンテナ部を備えた第一無線機と、N個(Nは2以上の自然数)の第二アンテナ素子を有する第二アンテナ部を備えた第二無線機とを備える推定装置が実行する推定方法であって、
測定対象の領域に、前記M個の第一アンテナ素子のそれぞれより第一送信信号を複数回送信し、
前記N個の第二アンテナ素子のうちの一つの第二アンテナ素子により受信された複数の第三受信信号であって、複数回送信された前記第一送信信号が生体によって反射された反射信号を含む複数の第三受信信号を、前記生体の動きの周期に相当する第一期間に観測し、
測定対象の領域に、前記N個の第二アンテナ素子のそれぞれより第二送信信号を複数回送信し、
前記M個の第一アンテナ素子のうちの一つの第一アンテナ素子により受信された複数の第四受信信号であって、複数回送信された前記第二送信信号が前記生体によって反射された反射信号を含む複数の第四受信信号を、前記第一期間に観測し、
前記第一期間に観測された前記複数の第三受信信号、および前記複数の第四受信信号を用いて、前記M個の第一アンテナ素子と前記N個の第二アンテナ素子のそれぞれとの間の伝搬特性を表す第一結合複素伝達関数を複数算出し、
所定の方法で、複数の前記第一結合複素伝達関数に、前記第一無線機と前記第二無線機とに生じたクロック周波数誤差と送信電力誤差との影響を抑制する演算を施すことで、複数の第二結合複素伝達関数を算出し、
複数の前記第二結合複素伝達関数における、前記生体に関する成分に対応する所定周波数範囲に対応する生体情報を算出し、
所定の到来方向推定手法により、前記生体情報を用いて、前記生体の存在する方向または位置を推定する
推定方法。 - 前記第一結合複素伝達関数を算出する際には、
前記第三受信信号の第一エレメントと前記第四受信信号の第一エレメントとを用いて、前記複数の第三受信信号から算出される第一複素伝達関数と、前記複数の第四受信信号から算出される第二複素伝達関数との一方の位相を他方の位相に合わせてから、前記第一複素伝達関数と前記第二複素伝達関数とを結合することで、前記第一結合複素伝達関数を算出する
請求項5記載の推定方法。 - 前記第二結合複素伝達関数を算出する際には、
前記第一結合複素伝達関数の1以上の要素を用いて所定の演算を行うことにより、前記第一結合複素伝達関数から、
(1)アンテナ部から送信する送信信号を生成する送信部と受信部との間のクロック揺らぎ、および、
(2)前記送信信号のデジタル-アナログ変換、または、前記第三受信信号もしくは前記第四受信信号のアナログ-デジタル変換のタイミング揺らぎ、
の少なくとも一方に対応する成分が抑制された第二結合複素伝達関数を算出する
請求項6記載の推定方法。 - 前記第二結合複素伝達関数を算出する際には、
前記第三受信信号の第一エレメントと前記第四受信信号の第一エレメントとによる位相補正を前記第三受信信号と前記第四受信信号とに施すことによって、前記第三受信信号と前記第四受信信号との一方に対する他方の位相回転を消失させることで、前記第二結合複素伝達関数を算出する
請求項5記載の推定方法。 - 前記第二結合複素伝達関数の算出では、
前記第一結合複素伝達関数から一つの要素を抽出し、抽出した前記一つの要素で、前記第一結合複素伝達関数の全要素を除算することで、前記第二結合複素伝達関数を算出する
請求項3または7に記載の推定方法。 - 前記第二結合複素伝達関数の算出では、
前記第一結合複素伝達関数の全要素の平均値を算出し、算出した前記平均値で、前記第一結合複素伝達関数の全要素を除算することで、前記第二結合複素伝達関数を算出する
請求項3または7に記載の推定方法。 - 前記第二結合複素伝達関数の算出では、
前記第一結合複素伝達関数について所定の方法で相関行列を算出し、前記相関行列を固有値分解することで、1以上の固有値と、前記1以上の固有値それぞれに対応する固有ベクトルを算出し、
算出した1以上の前記固有ベクトルのうち、算出した前記1以上の固有値のうちの最大の固有値に対応する固有ベクトルを前記第一結合複素伝達関数に乗算することで、直接波のチャネル成分である第三複素伝達関数を算出し、
前記第一結合複素伝達関数の全要素を前記第三複素伝達関数にて除算することで、前記第二結合複素伝達関数を算出する
請求項3または7に記載の推定方法。 - 前記第二結合複素伝達関数の算出では、
前記第一結合複素伝達関数について所定の方法で特異値分解することで左特異ベクトルおよび右特異ベクトルを算出し、前記左特異ベクトルおよび前記右特異ベクトルを前記第一結合複素伝達関数に乗算することで、直接波のチャネル成分である第四複素伝達関数を算出し、
前記第一結合複素伝達関数の全要素を前記第四複素伝達関数にて除算することで、前記第二結合複素伝達関数を算出する
請求項3または7に記載の推定方法。 - 前記所定の到来方向推定手法は、MUSIC(MUltipleSIgnal Classification)法、ビームフォーマ法、およびCapon法のいずれかを少なくとも用いる推定手法である
請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の推定方法。 - 前記第一受信信号または前記第二受信信号は、OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)信号に変調されている信号である、
請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の推定方法。 - 前記第三受信信号または前記第四受信信号は、OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)信号に変調されている信号である、
請求項5~8のいずれか1項に記載の推定方法。 - M個(Mは2以上の自然数)の第一アンテナ素子を有する第一アンテナ部を備えた第一無線機と、N個(Nは2以上の自然数)の第二アンテナ素子を有する第二アンテナ部を備えた第二無線機とを備える推定装置であって、
前記第一無線機が、測定対象の領域に、前記M個の第一アンテナ素子のうちの一つの第一アンテナ素子を用いて第一送信信号を複数回送信し、
前記第二無線機が、前記N個の第二アンテナ素子のそれぞれにより受信された複数の第一受信信号であって、複数回送信された前記第一送信信号が生体によって反射された反射信号を含む複数の第一受信信号を、前記生体の動きの周期に相当する第一期間に観測し、
前記第二無線機が、測定対象の領域に、前記N個の第二アンテナ素子のうちの一つの第二アンテナ素子を用いて第二送信信号を複数回送信し、
前記第一無線機が、前記M個の第一アンテナ素子のそれぞれにより受信された複数の第二受信信号であって、複数回送信された前記第二送信信号が前記生体によって反射された反射信号を含む複数の第二受信信号を、前記第一期間に観測し、
前記推定装置は、さらに、
前記第一期間に観測された前記複数の第一受信信号、および前記複数の第二受信信号を用いて、前記M個の第一アンテナ素子と前記N個の第二アンテナ素子のそれぞれとの間の伝搬特性を表す第一結合複素伝達関数を複数算出する第一結合複素伝達関数算出部と、
所定の方法で、複数の前記第一結合複素伝達関数に、前記第一無線機と前記第二無線機とに生じたクロック周波数誤差と送信電力誤差との影響を抑制する演算を施すことで、複数の第二結合複素伝達関数を算出する第二結合複素伝達関数算出部と、
複数の前記第二結合複素伝達関数における、前記生体に関する成分に対応する所定周波数範囲に対応する生体情報を抽出する生体情報算出部と、
所定の到来方向推定手法により、前記生体情報を用いて、前記生体の存在する方向または位置を推定する位置推定処理部とを備える
推定装置。 - M個(Mは2以上の自然数)の第一アンテナ素子を有する第一アンテナ部を備えた第一無線機と、N個(Nは2以上の自然数)の第二アンテナ素子を有する第二アンテナ部を備えた第二無線機とを備える推定装置であって、
前記第一無線機が、測定対象の領域に、前記M個の第一アンテナ素子のそれぞれより第一送信信号を複数回送信し、
前記第二無線機が、前記N個の第二アンテナ素子のうちの一つの第二アンテナ素子により受信された複数の第三受信信号であって、複数回送信された前記第一送信信号が生体によって反射された反射信号を含む複数の第三受信信号を、前記生体の動きの周期に相当する第一期間に観測し、
前記第二無線機が、測定対象の領域に、前記N個の第二アンテナ素子のそれぞれより第二送信信号を複数回送信し、
前記第一無線機が、前記M個の第一アンテナ素子のうちの一つの第一アンテナ素子により受信された複数の第四受信信号であって、複数回送信された前記第二送信信号が前記生体によって反射された反射信号を含む複数の第四受信信号を、前記第一期間に観測し、
前記推定装置は、さらに、
前記第一期間に観測された前記複数の第三受信信号、および前記複数の第四受信信号を用いて、前記M個の第一アンテナ素子と前記N個の第二アンテナ素子のそれぞれとの間の伝搬特性を表す第一結合複素伝達関数を複数算出する第一結合複素伝達関数算出部と、
所定の方法で、複数の前記第一結合複素伝達関数に、前記第一無線機と前記第二無線機とに生じたクロック周波数誤差と送信電力誤差との影響を抑制する演算を施すことで、複数の第二結合複素伝達関数を算出する第二結合複素伝達関数算出部と、
複数の前記第二結合複素伝達関数における、前記生体に関する成分に対応する所定周波数範囲に対応する生体情報を抽出する生体情報算出部と、
所定の到来方向推定手法により、前記生体情報を用いて、前記生体の存在する方向または位置を推定する位置推定処理部とを備える
推定装置。
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