WO2023275748A1 - Empilements optiques pour systèmes de détection - Google Patents

Empilements optiques pour systèmes de détection Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023275748A1
WO2023275748A1 PCT/IB2022/056001 IB2022056001W WO2023275748A1 WO 2023275748 A1 WO2023275748 A1 WO 2023275748A1 IB 2022056001 W IB2022056001 W IB 2022056001W WO 2023275748 A1 WO2023275748 A1 WO 2023275748A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
major surface
layer
microlenses
optically diffusive
microns
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2022/056001
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kristy A. GILLETTE
Zhaohui Yang
Joseph P. ATTARD
Martin E. Denker
Original Assignee
3M Innovative Properties Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 3M Innovative Properties Company filed Critical 3M Innovative Properties Company
Priority to CN202280047007.1A priority Critical patent/CN117597607A/zh
Publication of WO2023275748A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023275748A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
    • G02B3/0056—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses arranged along two different directions in a plane, e.g. honeycomb arrangement of lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
    • G02B3/0062—Stacked lens arrays, i.e. refractive surfaces arranged in at least two planes, without structurally separate optical elements in-between
    • G02B3/0068—Stacked lens arrays, i.e. refractive surfaces arranged in at least two planes, without structurally separate optical elements in-between arranged in a single integral body or plate, e.g. laminates or hybrid structures with other optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
    • G02B5/0236—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place within the volume of the element
    • G02B5/0242—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place within the volume of the element by means of dispersed particles

Definitions

  • the present disclosure generally relates to optical stacks, particularly to optical stacks for detection systems such as fingerprint detection systems.
  • Optical systems such as display systems, fingerprint sensing systems and biometric systems, utilize one or more optical layers for managing incident light.
  • the optical layers are required to have a desired optical transmittance, optical haze, optical clarity, and index of refraction.
  • an air layer and a diffuser layer are incorporated into the ophcal system.
  • the air layer supports total internal reflection and the diffuser layer provides optical diffusion.
  • the enabling technologies include optical sensors embedded in displays in combination with requisite light control to obtain a fingerprint image of sufficient resolution.
  • an integral optical stack including a lens film including an outermost structured first major surface and an opposing outermost second major surface.
  • the stmctured first major surface includes a two-dimensional array of microlenses having an average peak- to-valley height PV1.
  • a light absorbing layer is disposed on the second major surface side of the lens film and defines a plurality of through physical openings therein extending between opposite outermost major surfaces of the light absorbing layer. The through physical openings are aligned to the microlenses in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • a substantially planarizing optically diffusive layer is disposed on the stmctured first major surface of the lens film.
  • An outermost substantially planar third major surface of the substantially planarizing optically diffusive layer faces away from the first major surface of the lens film.
  • An opposite outermost stmctured fourth major surface of the substantially planarizing optically diffusive layer faces and substantially conforms to the microlenses in the array of microlenses of the stmctured first major surface.
  • the optically diffusive film layer includes a plurality of nanoparticles dispersed between and across the third and fourth major surfaces, the nanoparticles including silica.
  • a polymeric material bonds the nanoparticles to each other to form a plurality of nanoparticle aggregates defining a plurality of voids therebetween.
  • the nanoparticles In a cross-sechon of the optically diffusive layer in a plane substantially orthogonal to the optically diffusive layer, the nanoparticles have an average size of between about 20 nm to about 150 nm, the nanoparticle aggregates have an average size of between about 100 nm and about 1000 nm, and the voids occupy between about 15% to about 45% of an area of the optically diffusive layer.
  • the optically diffusive layer has an average thickness of greater than about 8 microns and an index of refraction of less than about 1.25 for at least one visible wavelength in a range from about 420 nm to about 680 nm.
  • any non-planarity of the substantially planar third major surface due to the microlenses in the array of microlenses of the structured first major surface has an average peak-to-valley height PV2, PV2 ⁇ 0.7 PV1, wherein the optical stack has an integral construction.
  • the detection system includes a light source, and the integral optical stack of one or more embodiments of the disclosure disposed on an optical detector.
  • the light source is configured to emit a first light toward the user body portion applied to the detection system.
  • the optical detector is configured to detect at least a portion of the first light after it is reflected by the user body portion and passes through at least some of the through physical openings.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows a detection system having a stacked optical construction in accordance with some embodiments
  • Fig. 2 shows the top down view SEM image of the microlenslet structures on PET substrate according to some aspects
  • Figs. 3-4 are exemplary SEMs of the top surface of the optical construction at different magnifications.
  • Fig. 5 is an exemplary SEM of a cross-section of the optical construction in Fig. 3;
  • the figures are not necessarily to scale.
  • Like numbers used in the figures refer to like components. However, it will be understood that the use of a number to refer to a component in a given figure is not intended to limit the component in another figure labeled with the same number.
  • OLED organic light emitting diode
  • FPS fingerprint sensing
  • Some embodiments describe an optical stack to enable a fully bondable sensing solution.
  • a combination of ultra-low index (ULI) layer and microlens design can be tuned to provide flat optics for an integrated direct to panel stack.
  • ULI ultra-low index
  • microlens design can be tuned to provide flat optics for an integrated direct to panel stack.
  • planarity of the ULI layer deposited on the microlens structure is critical and the optical power of the system cannot be compromised.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a detection system (300) for detecting a user body portion (50, 51) applied to the detection system (300).
  • the detection system (300) may be a fingerprint detection system and the user body portion (50, 51) may be a finger of a user of the detection system.
  • the detection system may include a light source (60, 61) configured to emit a first light (60a, 61a) toward the user body portion (50, 51) applied to the detection system (300).
  • the light source (60, 61) may be any type of device capable of emitting radiation in a desired wavelength range, for example a diode laser, an LED (light emitting diode), an OLED (organic light emitting diode), or the like.
  • the detection system (300) further includes a display system including a display panel (80) configured to display an image (81) for viewing by the user.
  • the light source (60) may be disposed on a lateral side of the optical stack (300). In some other cases, the light source (61) may be disposed inside the display panel (80).
  • An optical detector (70) may be configured to detect at least a portion of the first light (60a, 61a) after being reflected (60b, 61b) by the user body portion (50, 51).
  • the detection system includes an optical stack (200) disposed on the optical detector (70).
  • the optical stack (200) may have an integral construction.
  • the optical stack (200) may include a lens film (10), a light absorbing layer (20) and an optically diffusive layer (30) disposed on the lens film (10).
  • the optical detector (70) may be an optical sensor disposed on the light absorbing side (20) of the optical stack (200).
  • the lens film (10) includes an outermost stmctured first major surface (11) and an outermost second major surface (12) disposed opposite the stmctured first major surface (11).
  • the stmctured first major surface (11) may include a plurality of microlenses (14).
  • the plurality of microlenses (14) may be arranged as a two-dimensional array of microlenses along orthogonal first (x-axis) and second (y- axis) directions as shown in Fig. 2.
  • a microlens is a lens having at least one lateral dimension (e.g., diameter) less than 1 mm.
  • the average diameter of the microlenses (14) may be in a range of 5 micrometers to 1000 micrometers.
  • the array of microlenses can have one or more of different sizes, shapes, indices of refraction, and focal lengths.
  • the array can be regular (e.g., square or hexagonal lattice) or irregular (e.g., random or pseudorandom).
  • the microlenses (14) may have substantially equal focal lengths.
  • the microlenses used in any of the embodiments described herein can be any suitable type of microlenses.
  • an array of microlenses may include at least one of refractive lenses, diffractive lenses, metalenses (e.g., surface using nanostructures to focus light), Fresnel lenses, symmetric lenses (e.g., rotationally symmetric about an optical axis), asymmetric lenses (e.g., not rotationally symmetric about an optical axis), or combinations thereof.
  • at least some of the microlenses may be spherical microlenses. In other instances, at least some of the microlenses may be aspherical microlenses.
  • the microlenses (14), in some embodiments, may be curved about the orthogonal first (x-axis) and second (y-axis) directions and may have an average peak-to-valley height, PV1.
  • PV1 may be greater than about 1.5 microns.
  • PV1 may be greater than about 2 microns, or greater than about 3 microns, or greater than about 4 microns, or greater than about 5 microns, or greater than about 6 microns.
  • the light absorbing layer (20) may be disposed on the second major surface (12) of the lens film (10).
  • the average thickness of the light absorbing layer (20) may be greater than about 0.5 microns. In some instances, the average thickness of the light absorbing layer (20) may be about 0.75 microns, or about 1.0 microns, or about 1.25 microns. In some other instances, the average thickness of the light absorbing layer (20) may be greater than about 1.5 microns, or about 1.75 microns, or about 2 microns, or about 2.5 microns, or greater than about 3 microns.
  • the optical density of the light absorbing layer (20) may be greater than about 3 for at least one visible wavelength in a visible wavelength range extending from about 420 nm to about 680 nm. In some aspects, the at least one visible wavelength may include a blue, a green or a red wavelength. In some instances, the optical density of the light absorbing layer (20) may be about 3.5, or 4, or 4.5, or 5, or 5.5, or 6, or
  • the light absorbing layer (20) may define a plurality of through physical openings (21), or pinholes, therein extending between opposite outermost major surfaces (22, 23) of the light absorbing layer (20).
  • the opposite major surfaces (22, 23) may be opposite top and bottom surfaces of the light absorbing layer (20) and the through physical openings (21) may be aligned to the microlenses (14) in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • a portion of the light (60b, 61b) reflected by the user body portion (50, 51) may be configured to pass through at least some of the through physical openings (21).
  • the through physical openings (21) formed in one or more embodiments described herein can have any suitable shape.
  • the through physical openings (21) may include at least one of elliptical pinholes, circular pinholes, rectangular pinholes, square pinholes, triangular pinholes, and irregular pinholes.
  • the through physical openings (21) may include any combinations of these pinhole shapes.
  • the through physical openings (21) in the light absorbing layer (20) may be formed by laser ablation through the microlenses (14), for example.
  • Suitable lasers may include fiber lasers such as a 40W pulsed fiber laser operating a wavelength of 1070 nm, for example.
  • Creating openings in a layer using a laser through a microlens array is generally described in US2007/0258149 (Gardner et ak), for example.
  • An absorption overcoat can optionally be applied to the optical stack (200) to increase the absorption of energy from the laser.
  • the light absorbing layer (20) may include a UV-cured polymer material and the plurality of laser ablated through physical openings (21) may be formed therein.
  • the optically diffusive layer (30) may be a substantially planarizing optically diffusive layer.
  • the optically diffusive layer (30) may be disposed on the structured first major surface (11) of the lens film (10).
  • the optically diffusive layer (30) includes an outermost third major surface (31) facing away from the first major surface (11) of the lens film (10) and an outermost structured fourth major surface (32) opposite the third major surface (31).
  • the fourth major surface (32) of the optically diffusive layer (30) may face and substantially conform to the microlenses (14) in the array of microlenses of the structured first major surface (11).
  • the display panel (80) of the detection system (300) may be disposed on the third major surface (31) of the optically diffusive layer (30) opposite the light absorbing layer (20).
  • a bonding layer (90) may be disposed between the display panel (80) and the third major surface (31) to bond the display panel to the optically diffusive layer (30).
  • the bonding layer (90) may be devoid of air bubbles and configured to substantially scatter visible light.
  • the third major surface (31) of the optically diffusive layer (30) may be substantially planar.
  • any non-planarity of the substantially planar third major surface (31) due to the microlenses (14) in the array of microlenses of the structured first major surface (11) may have an average peak-to-valley height PV2.
  • the non-planarity, PV2 may be less than 1 micron.
  • PV2 may be less than about 0.9 microns, or less than about 0.8 microns, or less than about 0.7 microns, or less than about 0.6 microns, or less than about 0.5 microns.
  • the thickness of the optically diffusive layer (30) disposed on the array of microlenses (14) may be chosen to sufficiently planarize the microlenses (14).
  • the optically diffusive layer (30) may have an average thickness of greater than about 8 microns.
  • the average thickness of the optically diffusive layer (30) may be greater than about 9 microns, or greater than about 10 microns, or greater than about 11 microns, or greater than about 12 microns, or greater than about 13 microns, or greater than about 14 microns, or greater than about 15 microns, or greater than about 20 microns.
  • the optically diffusive layer (30) may be a low index or an ultra low index (ULI) layer, for example, a nanovoided ULI layer as described in U.S. Pat. App. Pub. No. 2012/0038990 (Hao et ak).
  • ULI layers may have a refractive index less than about 1.35 or less than about 1.3, or less than about 1.25, or less than about 1.22, or less than about 1.21, or less than about 1.2, or less than about 1.18, or less than about 1.15 for at least one visible wavelength in a range from about 420 nm to about 680 nm.
  • the nanovoided ULI layer may have a low refractive index such that the nanovoided layer behaves optically like a layer of air but mechanically like any other solid layer that can be used to attach to other optical layers.
  • the ULI coated optically diffusive layer (30) may conform to the structure of the array of microlenses (14) of which the ULI is deposited atop, even at thicknesses which exceed the magnitude of the peak to valley, PV1, within the structure.
  • the combined array of microlenses (14) and ULI coated optically diffusive layers (14) can be tuned for optimal performance in that each lens shape will have a customized ULI layer.
  • Figs. 3-4 show two exemplary scanning electron micrographs of the top surface of the optically diffusive layer (30) obtained using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) at two different magnifications.
  • Fig. 5 shows an exemplary scanning electron micrograph of the cross-section of the optically diffusive layer (30)
  • the optically diffusive layer (30) may include a plurality of particles (33) dispersed between and across the third (31) and fourth (32) major surfaces.
  • the particles (33) can be any type particles that may be desirable in an application.
  • particles (33) can be organic or inorganic particles.
  • the particles (33) can be nanoparticles, including silica.
  • Exemplary particles (33) may also include fumed metal oxides or pyrogenic metal oxides, such as, for example, a fumed silica or alumina.
  • the particles (33) can have any shape that may be desirable or available in an application.
  • particles (33) can have a regular or irregular shape.
  • particles (33) can be approximately spherical.
  • the particles (33) can be elongated.
  • the optically diffusive layer (30) may include a plurality of interconnected porous aggregates (35) where each aggregate (35) may include a plurality of particles (33), and a binder (34) that coats and interconnects the plurality of the particles (33).
  • the aggregates (35) may have irregular shapes.
  • the interconnected particles (33) in the aggregate (35) may define a plurality of voids (36) that may be dispersed between the plurality of particles (33).
  • the binder (34) can be or include any material that may be desirable in an application.
  • the binder (34) may include a polymeric material bonding the particles (33) to each other to form the plurality of particle aggregates (35) defining the plurality of voids (36) therebetween.
  • the particles (33) are bound to the binder (34), where the bonding can be physical or chemical.
  • useful binder resins are those derived from thermosetting, thermoplastic and UV curable polymers.
  • the binder (34) can be any polymerizable material, such as a polymerizable material that is radiation-curable.
  • the binder can be a polymeric system, it can also be added as a polymerizable monomeric system, such as a UV, or thermally curable or crosslinkable system. Examples of such systems would be UV polymerizable acrylates, methacrylates, multi-functional acrylates, urethane-acrylates, and mixtures thereof.
  • the particles (33) may have a size that is not greater than about 1 micrometer, or not greater than about 700, or 500, or 200, or 100, or 50 nanometers.
  • the particles (33) in a cross-section of the optically diffusive layer (30) in a plane (xz-plane) substantially orthogonal to the optically diffusive layer (30), the particles (33) may have an average size of between about 20 nm to about 150 nm.
  • the particle aggregates (35) may have an average size of between about 100 nm and about 1000 nm.
  • the optically diffusive layer (30) with low refractive index, or ULI layers can have any porosity, pore size distribution, or void volume fraction that may be desirable in an application.
  • the volume fraction of the plurality of the voids (36) in the optically diffusive layer (30) may be between about 15% and about 45% of an area of the optically diffusive layer (30).
  • the voids may occupy between about 25% to about 40% of an area of the optically diffusive layer.
  • Exemplary binder (34) to particle (33) ratios are less than 1:2 (less than 33% binder), less than 1:3, less than 1:4, less than 1:5, less than 1:6, less than 1:7, less than 1:8, less than 1:9, and less than 1 : 10 (about 8-10% binder).
  • the upper limit of the binder (34) may be dictated by the desired refractive index of the optically diffusive layer (30).
  • the lower limit of binder (34) may be dictated by the desired physical properties, for example, processing or final durability characteristics.
  • the binder to particle ratio will vary depending on the desired end use and the desired optical properties.
  • a sealing layer (40) may be disposed on the outermost substantially planar third major surface (31) of the optically diffusing layer (30).
  • the sealing layer (40) may be disposed on the optically diffusive layer (30) in order to protect the porous optically diffusive layer (30) from contaminants.
  • the sealing layer (40) can have any useful thickness.
  • the sealing layer (40) may have an average thickness of less than about 1.2 microns, or less than about 1.1 microns, or less than about 1 micron, or less than about 0.9 microns, or less than about 0.8 microns, or less than 0.75 microns.
  • Low index optically diffusive layers with an adjacent sealing layer (40) that diffuses into the low index optically diffusive layer (30) can further have the benefit of strengthening the low index coating.
  • the sealing layer (40) may partially penetrate the outermost substantially planar third major surface (31) of the optically diffusing layer (30).
  • an average penetration depth (tl) of the sealing layer (40) into the outermost substantially planar third major surface (31) of the optically diffusing layer (30) may be less than about 0.5 microns, or less than about 0.4 microns, or less than about 0.3 microns, or less than about 0.2 microns.
  • the sealing layer (40) may include polyvinylalcohol (PVA), or other diffusing polymers having high enough molecular weight to not penetrate beyond a desirable thickness into the outermost substantially planar third major surface (31) of the optically diffusive layer (30).
  • PVA polyvinylalcohol

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un empilement optique intégré comprenant un film de lentille ayant des première et seconde surfaces principales. La première surface principale comprend des microlentilles ayant une hauteur moyenne de pic à vallée PV1. Une couche d'absorption de lumière est disposée sur le film de lentille et définit une pluralité d'ouvertures. Une couche de diffusion optique sensiblement plane est disposée sur la première surface principale du film de lentille, se conformant aux microlentilles. La couche de diffusion optique comprend une pluralité de nanoparticules. Un matériau polymère lie les nanoparticules les unes aux autres pour former une pluralité d'agrégats de nanoparticules définissant une pluralité de vides entre eux. La couche de diffusion optique a une épaisseur moyenne supérieure à environ 8 microns, et un indice de réfraction inférieur à environ 1,25. Toute non planéité d'une surface principale de la couche de diffusion optique due aux microlentilles de la première surface principale a une hauteur moyenne de pic à vallée PV2, PV2 ≤ 0,7 PV1.
PCT/IB2022/056001 2021-06-30 2022-06-28 Empilements optiques pour systèmes de détection WO2023275748A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202280047007.1A CN117597607A (zh) 2021-06-30 2022-06-28 用于检测系统的光学叠堆

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US202163202911P 2021-06-30 2021-06-30
US63/202,911 2021-06-30

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WO2023275748A1 true WO2023275748A1 (fr) 2023-01-05

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020044360A1 (en) * 1998-08-03 2002-04-18 Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. Lenticular lens sheet and rear projection screen
US20070159699A1 (en) * 2006-01-12 2007-07-12 Wang Jyh H Diffuser plate with higher light diffusion efficiency and brightness
US20160097895A1 (en) * 2010-02-10 2016-04-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical article having viscoelastic layer
WO2020035768A1 (fr) * 2018-08-15 2020-02-20 3M Innovative Properties Company Élément optique comprenant un réseau de microlentilles
KR20210037680A (ko) * 2018-07-19 2021-04-06 이쏘그 광학 시스템 및 그의 제조방법

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020044360A1 (en) * 1998-08-03 2002-04-18 Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. Lenticular lens sheet and rear projection screen
US20070159699A1 (en) * 2006-01-12 2007-07-12 Wang Jyh H Diffuser plate with higher light diffusion efficiency and brightness
US20160097895A1 (en) * 2010-02-10 2016-04-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical article having viscoelastic layer
KR20210037680A (ko) * 2018-07-19 2021-04-06 이쏘그 광학 시스템 및 그의 제조방법
WO2020035768A1 (fr) * 2018-08-15 2020-02-20 3M Innovative Properties Company Élément optique comprenant un réseau de microlentilles

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