WO2023274057A1

WO2023274057A1 - Triboelectric nanogenerator-based roller-type solid-liquid contact wind speed sensor

Info

Publication number: WO2023274057A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/101075
Authority: WO
Inventors: 庞建华; 钟琳森; 张济伟; 陈辉; 钟英豪; 张飞虎; 吴宗铎; 王维; 潘新祥
Original assignee: 广东海洋大学
Priority date: 2021-06-30
Filing date: 2022-06-24
Publication date: 2023-01-05
Also published as: CN113252928A; CN113252928B; ZA202302280B

Abstract

A triboelectric nanogenerator-based roller-type solid-liquid contact wind speed sensor, comprising: a rotating shaft (3) that integrally has a centrally hollow structure; a cover (4) that integrally has a circular structure; lower magnetic blocks (501) that are fixedly mounted at opening positions on the outer side of a housing body (5); limiting holes (502) that are formed at symmetrical positions of inner walls of the opening positions on the outer side of the housing body (5); wind cups (6) that are detachably mounted on the outer side of the housing body (5); a first metal layer (7) that is fixedly electroplated on the inner wall surface of the housing body (5); a second metal layer (8) that is correspondingly electroplated below the first metal layer (7), and the first metal layer (7) and the second metal layer (8) both having a semicircular structure but not being in contact with each other; dielectric layers (9) that are uniformly arranged on the outer surfaces of the first metal layer (7) and the second metal layer (8); and deionized water (10) filled inside the housing body (5). According to the triboelectric nanogenerator-based roller-type solid-liquid contact wind speed sensor, a novel structural design is adopted, such that pulse currents generated by a triboelectric nanogenerator are all forward, and thus direct currents are output and do not need to be converted again; moreover, the size can be flexibly designed according to requirements, such that a device can be widely applied in the field of ship engineering and the field of marine meteorology.

Description

A Roller Solid-liquid Contact Wind Velocity Sensor Based on Frictional Nanogenerator

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of sensors, in particular to a roller-type solid-liquid contact wind speed sensor based on a frictional nanogenerator.

Background technique

Most of the studied triboelectric nanogenerator units are solid-solid contact type, in which two triboelectric materials with different electrical polarities are utilized, and the use of such triboelectric nanogenerators is limited to dry conditions, because the humid environment inhibits The performance of the triboelectric effect, in addition, the solid surface is damaged during the friction process, resulting in a decrease in the efficiency and life of the generator, so a liquid-solid contact friction nano wind speed sensor based on the triboelectric effect shows its favorable characteristics, in addition Traditional solid-solid contact separation friction nanogenerators usually have AC output, which limits their application in practical products. Converting AC to DC requires a rectifier circuit, but the rectifier circuit will reduce the energy conversion efficiency of the system. This requires the design of a new triboelectric nanogenerator to improve the energy conversion efficiency of the system.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a roller type solid-liquid contact wind speed sensor based on frictional nanogenerators, to solve the problems in the above-mentioned background technology that are limited by the environment, reduce the service life caused by friction, and reduce the energy conversion efficiency of the system when converting current. question.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a roller-type solid-liquid contact wind speed sensor based on a frictional nanogenerator, comprising:

The rotating shaft has a hollow structure in the middle as a whole, and the inner petal of the movable brush switch is fixed and fixed on the outer surface of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is made of a non-conductive material;

The cover has a ring-shaped structure as a whole, and the outer side of the cover is provided with a casing body, and the casing body and the cover form a relative sealing structure, and the inner surface of the casing body is fixedly provided with a movable brush switch outer flap, so The housing body also includes:

The lower magnetic block is fixedly installed on the outer opening of the shell body;

Limiting holes are set at symmetrical positions on the inner wall of the opening on the outer side of the main body of the housing;

Wind cups are detachably installed on the outside of the housing body, and there are six wind cups arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the housing body;

The first metal layer is fixed and electroplated on the inner wall surface of the housing body, and the second metal layer is correspondingly electroplated under the first metal layer, and both the first metal layer and the second metal layer have a semicircular structure, but do not touch each other;

a dielectric layer uniformly disposed on the outer surfaces of the first metal layer and the second metal layer;

Deionized water is filled inside the housing body.

Preferably, there are 2 pairs of the movable brush switch outer flap and the movable brush switch inner flap, and the movable brush switch outer flap and the movable brush switch inner flap are engaged with each other, and they are made of copper Made of materials with good wear resistance.

Preferably, the outer flap of the movable brush switch and the inner flap of the movable brush switch can convert mechanical energy into direct current electric energy without the need of a rectification circuit, and can be closed when the friction nanogenerator unit turns over a suitable angle The loop facilitates counting of pulsed current signals.

Preferably, when the hollow rotating shaft is fixed, its position needs to make the line where the line connecting the inner flap of the movable brush switch be in a vertical position, and the rotating shaft and the inner hole of the housing main body are connected by a transition fit, so that the outer surface of the movable brush switch The inner flap of the valve and the movable brush switch can be closed and disconnected precisely at the corresponding position.

Preferably, the material of the first metal layer and the second metal layer is copper, and the first metal layer and the second metal layer serve as positive and negative electrodes of the triboelectric nanogenerator, respectively.

Preferably, half of the deionized water is filled with the same amount in each triboelectric nanogenerator, and the contact area between the deionized water and its inner wall is equal to the surface area of a first metal layer.

Preferably, the material of the dielectric layer is polyvinylidene fluoride, and the contact surface of the polyvinylidene fluoride nanoporous membrane is characterized by a scanning electron microscope to determine its hydrophobicity, and the porous structure is a compact structure with widely distributed pores. Structure, can increase the hydrophobicity of polyvinylidene fluoride film, polyvinylidene fluoride film is made of polyvinylidene fluoride solution, polyvinylidene fluoride solution is by dissolving polyvinylidene fluoride in two Methylformamide, and stirred at 60 ° C for 6 hours to obtain a viscous homogeneous solution, then the solution was kept at room temperature for 3 hours to remove air bubbles, and then applied to the metal layer on the shell body at a thickness of 125 microns On the surface, in order to form polyvinylidene fluoride nanoporous membranes, the coated membranes were rapidly immersed for 1 hour to solidify, and then dried at room temperature for 24 hours.

Preferably, the main body of the device is coaxially bonded by four roller-type solid-liquid contact friction nanogenerator units according to the straight lines where the respective metal layer boundaries are staggered by 45°, and then sleeved on the same rotating shaft, around the same rotating shaft Rotate, and the movable brush switch inner petals of the four roller-type solid-liquid contact friction nanogenerator units are installed at the same angle, and the four friction nanogenerator units are connected in parallel, so that the roller-type solid-liquid contact friction nanogenerator A pulse current can be generated every 45° rotation, and the diameter of each button-shaped triboelectric nanogenerator unit is 4-10 cm, preferably 8 cm, and the thickness is 0.4-0.8 cm, preferably 0.5 cm, but not limited thereto.

Preferably, the device body also includes:

A signal processing circuit, the signal processing unit is electrically connected to the electrodes of the friction nanogenerator wind speed sensor through wires, and the signal processing unit is used for counting the current pulse current signal of the friction nanogenerator.

Preferably, a mounting rod is fixedly provided at the lower end of the wind cup, and an upper magnetic block is movably provided inside the mounting rod.

Preferably, the upper magnetic block forms an elastic structure with the installation rod through the upper return spring, and a connecting rod is installed on the top of the upper magnetic block, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotated to set a limit rod. The adsorption between the block and the lower magnetic block drives the connecting rod to rotate, so that the limiting rod moves to a position engaged with the limiting hole.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the roller type solid-liquid contact wind speed sensor based on the frictional nanogenerator adopts a new structural design, so that the pulse currents generated by the frictional nanogenerator are all positive, Therefore, the output is direct current without further conversion, and the size can be flexibly designed according to the needs, so that the device can be widely used in the field of ship engineering and marine meteorology.

1. In each power generation cycle, the friction nanogenerator unit generates two pulse currents, and the generated pulse currents are all forward, forming a direct current. The friction nanogenerator used can flexibly design its size according to the needs. Or flexibly design the parallel number of triboelectric nanogenerator units to increase the frequency of the pulse current, which can more accurately detect the wind speed of the current environment.

2. The cooperation between the installation rod, the upper magnetic block, the lower magnetic block, the return spring and the connecting rod is used after the wind cup is installed by using the installation rod. Utilizing the adsorption between the upper magnetic block and the lower magnetic block, the upper magnetic block is moved downward, so that the connecting rod rotates, thereby pushing the limit rod outward to the inside of the limit hole, forming a snap-fit effect, preventing in-use During the process, the wind cup is stressed and the angular deviation occurs.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view sectional structure schematic diagram of the main body of the housing of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of enlarged structure at A place in Fig. 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of enlarged structure at B place in Fig. 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the stereoscopic main view of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the output voltage and the rotation angle of the triboelectric nanogenerator unit in each rotation cycle of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. The outer flap of the movable brush switch; 2. The inner flap of the movable brush switch; 3. The rotating shaft; 4. The cover; 5. The main body of the shell; 501. The lower magnetic block; ; 7, the first metal layer; 8, the second metal layer; 9, the dielectric layer; 10, deionized water; 11, the friction nanogenerator wind speed sensor; 12, the signal processing unit; 13, the installation rod; Magnetic block; 1302, return spring; 1303, connecting rod; 1304, limit rod.

detailed description

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to Figures 1-6, the present invention provides a technical solution: a roller-type solid-liquid contact wind speed sensor based on a frictional nanogenerator, including:

The rotating shaft 3 has a hollow structure in the middle as a whole, and the outer surface of the rotating shaft 3 is center-symmetrically fixed with a movable brush switch inner valve 2, and the rotating shaft 3 is made of a non-conductive material;

The cover 4 has a ring-shaped structure as a whole. The outer side of the cover 4 is provided with a housing main body 5, and the housing main body 5 and the cover 4 form a relatively sealed structure, and the inner surface of the housing main body 5 is fixedly provided with a movable brush switch outer flap 1, and the housing main body 5 also includes:

The lower magnetic block 501 is fixedly installed on the outer opening of the shell main body 5;

The limit hole 502 is set at a symmetrical position on the inner wall of the opening position on the outer side of the housing main body 5;

The wind cups 6 are detachably installed on the outer side of the shell body 5, and there are six wind cups 6 arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the shell body 5;

The first metal layer 7 is fixedly electroplated on the inner wall surface of the shell main body 5, and the second metal layer 8 is electroplated correspondingly under the first metal layer 7, and both the first metal layer 7 and the second metal layer 8 have a semicircular structure, but do not touch each other;

The dielectric layer 9 is uniformly arranged on the outer surfaces of the first metal layer 7 and the second metal layer 8;

Deionized water 10 is filled inside the housing main body 5 .

There are 2 pairs of movable brush switch outer petal 1 and movable brush switch inner petal 2, and the movable brush switch outer petal 1 and movable brush switch inner petal 2 are meshed and connected with each other, and they are made of copper and other wear-resistant Made of materials with good performance, the outer flap 1 of the movable brush switch and the inner flap 2 of the movable brush switch can convert mechanical energy into DC electric energy without the need of a rectifier circuit, and can be rotated by a suitable friction nanogenerator unit A closed loop is formed at an angle to facilitate the counting of pulse current signals. When the hollow shaft 3 is fixed, its position needs to make the line where the line connecting the inner valve 2 of the movable brush switch be in a vertical position, and the inner hole of the shaft 3 and the housing body 5 is a transition Cooperate with the connection, so that the movable brush switch outer valve 1 and the movable brush switch inner valve 2 can be accurately closed and disconnected at the corresponding positions. The material of the first metal layer 7 and the second metal layer 8 is copper, and the first metal layer Layer 7 and the second metal layer 8 are used as the positive and negative electrodes of the triboelectric nanogenerator respectively, and deionized water 10 fills half with the same amount in each triboelectric nanogenerator, and the contact area between deionized water 10 and its inner wall is equal to The surface area of a first metal layer 7, the material of the dielectric layer 9 is polyvinylidene fluoride, and the contact surface of the polyvinylidene fluoride nanoporous membrane is characterized by a scanning electron microscope to determine its hydrophobicity, and the porous structure has a wide range of The dense structure of the distributed pores can increase the hydrophobicity of the polyvinylidene fluoride membrane. The main body of the device consists of four roller-type solid-liquid contact friction nanogenerator units that are staggered by 45° coaxially according to the straight line where the boundary line of the metal layer is located. Knot, then set on the same rotating shaft 3, rotate around the same rotating shaft 3, and the movable brush switch inner petals 2 of the four roller type solid-liquid contact friction nanogenerator units are installed at the same angle, and the four friction nanogenerators The machine units are connected in parallel, so that the roller type solid-liquid contact friction nanogenerator can generate a pulse current every 45°. The main body of the device also includes: a signal processing circuit 12, and the signal processing unit 12 communicates with the friction nanogenerator wind speed sensor 11 through a wire. The electrodes are electrically connected, and the signal processing unit 12 is used for counting the current pulse current signal of the triboelectric nanogenerator.

The induced current is generated by triboelectrification and electrostatic induction. For each triboelectric nanogenerator unit, when the wind blows to the wind cup 6 of the housing body 5 of the triboelectric nanogenerator, the triboelectric nanogenerator unit rotates clockwise. When the deionized water 10 is in contact with the polyvinylidene fluoride layer, contact charging occurs, so that electrons move from the deionized water 10 to the surface of the polyvinylidene fluoride, producing negatively charged polyvinylidene fluoride and positively charged deionized water 10. Therefore, charge redistribution is formed on the liquid-solid interface, and the charge of the metal layer on the side where the deionized water 10 is more projected is higher than that of the other metal layer, and a potential difference is generated between the two metal layers. When the deionized water 10 is in contact with the polyvinylidene fluoride layer and completely overlaps with the second metal layer 8, the potential difference formed between the first metal layer 7 and the second metal layer 8 is the largest, and at this moment the movable brush switches the outer flap 1 Coupling with the inner flap 2 of the movable brush switch to form a closed loop, in the case of the maximum potential difference, the two metal layers undergo instantaneous discharge to release their accumulated charges, resulting in charge flow between the two metal layers, forming a Positive pulse current; in the external circuit, the signal processing unit captures a pulse current. The housing body 5 continues to rotate clockwise, and the triboelectric nanogenerator rotates, wherein the second metal layer 8 turns upward, and the first metal layer 7 turns downward. At the same time, the deionized water 10 will stay in the original position due to the effect of gravity . As a result, the coverage area of the second metal layer 8 gradually decreases, while the coverage area of the first metal layer 7 increases slowly, breaking the original electrostatic balance, the first metal layer 7 gradually accumulates negative charges, and the second metal layer 8 gradually accumulates Positive charges, but at this time the movable brush switch is in the off state, and the induced charges cannot be transferred between the two metal layers. This process has no directional flow of charges, but is only a process of accumulating energy. The housing body 5 continues to rotate clockwise under the action of external force. When the deionized water 10 completely covers the first metal layer 7, the accumulated electric charge and the potential difference reach their maximum value. At this moment, the movable brush switches the outer petal 1 and The inner petals 2 of the movable brush switch are coupled with each other to form a closed loop. In the case of the maximum potential difference, the two metal layers have an instantaneous discharge to release their accumulated charges, causing the charge to flow between the two metal layers, forming a positive current. In the external circuit, the pulse current is processed by the signal processing unit 12. The housing body 5 continues to rotate clockwise, and the triboelectric nanogenerator rotates, wherein the first metal layer 7 turns upward, and the second metal layer 8 turns downward, and the coverage area of the first metal layer 7 gradually decreases, while the second metal layer 8 The coverage area of the friction nanogenerator increases slowly, and the movable brush switch is in the off state, thus forming a power generation cycle, and each triboelectric nanogenerator unit generates two positive pulse currents in each rotation cycle, therefore, this triboelectric nanogenerator is in Eight positive pulse currents can be generated in each rotation cycle. The signal processing unit 12 accurately calculates the wind speed by calculating the frequency of the pulse current, the greater the frequency, the greater the wind speed, and the obtained wind speed is displayed on the display of the signal processing unit 12 .

The lower end of the wind cup 6 is fixedly provided with a mounting rod 13, and an upper magnetic block 1301 is movable inside the mounting rod 13. The upper magnetic block 1301 forms an elastic structure with the mounting rod 13 through the upper return spring 1302, and the upper magnetic block 1301 is rotated and installed with A connecting rod 1303 , and the other end of the connecting rod 1303 is rotatably provided with a limiting rod 1304 .

When installing the wind cup 6, first put the installation rod 13 below the wind cup 6 into the installation hole, then rotate and fix it with threads, after putting in, there is adsorption between the upper magnetic block 1301 and the lower magnetic block 501, Move it up and down to drive the connecting rod 1303 to rotate, and use the other end of the connecting rod 1303 to push the limit rod 1304 into the limit hole 502 to form an engagement, thereby preventing the wind cup 6 from being stressed during use. The case of angular offset.

Working principle: When using this device, according to the structure shown in Figure 1-6, first use the installation rod 13 under the wind cup 6 to install and fix it, and then generate direct current through the overall rotation of the device and transmit it to The signal processing unit 12 performs processing, which is the working principle of the roller type solid-liquid contact wind speed sensor based on the triboelectric nanogenerator.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. and modifications, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

A roller-type solid-liquid contact wind speed sensor based on a frictional nanogenerator, characterized in that: comprising:

The rotating shaft has a hollow structure in the middle as a whole, and the inner petal of the movable brush switch is fixed and fixed on the outer surface of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is made of a non-conductive material;

The cover has a ring-shaped structure as a whole, and the outer side of the cover is provided with a casing body, and the casing body and the cover form a relative sealing structure, and the inner surface of the casing body is fixedly provided with a movable brush switch outer flap, so The housing body also includes:

The lower magnetic block is fixedly installed on the outer opening of the shell body;

Limiting holes are set at symmetrical positions on the inner wall of the opening on the outer side of the main body of the housing;

Wind cups are detachably installed on the outside of the housing body, and there are six wind cups arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the housing body;

The first metal layer is fixed and electroplated on the inner wall surface of the housing body, and the second metal layer is correspondingly electroplated under the first metal layer, and both the first metal layer and the second metal layer have a semicircular structure, but do not touch each other;

a dielectric layer uniformly disposed on the outer surfaces of the first metal layer and the second metal layer;

Deionized water is filled inside the housing body.
A roller-type solid-liquid contact wind speed sensor based on a frictional nanogenerator according to claim 1, wherein there are two pairs of movable brush switch outer flaps and movable brush switch inner flaps, and The outer petals of the movable brush switch and the inner petals of the movable brush switch are engaged and connected with each other, and are made of materials with good wear resistance such as copper.
A roller-type solid-liquid contact wind speed sensor based on a frictional nanogenerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: the movable brush switch outer lobe and the movable brush switch inner lobe can be operated without a rectification circuit Under the circumstances, the mechanical energy can be converted into DC electric energy, and a closed loop can be formed when the friction nanogenerator unit turns over a suitable angle, so as to count the pulse current signal.
A roller-type solid-liquid contact wind speed sensor based on a frictional nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the hollow rotating shaft is fixed, its position needs to make the line where the line connecting the inner flap of the movable brush switch lie in the In the vertical position, and the rotating shaft is connected with the inner hole of the housing body through a transition fit, so that the outer flap of the movable brush switch and the inner flap of the movable brush switch can be accurately closed and disconnected at corresponding positions.
A roller-type solid-liquid contact wind speed sensor based on a triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, wherein the material of the first metal layer and the second metal layer is copper, and the first metal layer The first metal layer and the second metal layer serve as positive and negative electrodes of the triboelectric nanogenerator respectively.
A kind of roller type solid-liquid contact wind speed sensor based on frictional nanogenerator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described deionized water fills half with the same amount in each frictional nanogenerator, and the The contact area between the deionized water and the inner wall is equal to the surface area of a first metal layer.
A roller type solid-liquid contact wind speed sensor based on a frictional nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material of the dielectric layer is polyvinylidene fluoride, and the polyvinylidene fluoride nanometer The contact surface of the porous membrane was characterized to determine its hydrophobicity, and the porous structure is a dense structure with widely distributed pores, which can increase the hydrophobicity of the polyvinylidene fluoride membrane.
A roller-type solid-liquid contact wind speed sensor based on friction nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main body of the device is composed of four roller-type solid-liquid contact friction nanogenerator units according to their respective metal layers. The straight line where the boundary line is staggered by 45° is coaxially bonded, then set on the same rotating shaft, and rotates around the same rotating shaft, and the movable brush switch inner petals of the four roller type solid-liquid contact friction nanogenerator units are installed at the same angle , and four triboelectric nanogenerator units are connected in parallel, so that the roller type solid-liquid contact triboelectric nanogenerator can generate a pulse current every 45° rotation.
A roller-type solid-liquid contact wind speed sensor based on a frictional nanogenerator according to claim 1, wherein the main body of the device further comprises:

A signal processing circuit, the signal processing unit is electrically connected to the electrode of the friction nano generator wind speed sensor through a wire, and the signal processing unit is used for counting the current pulse current signal of the friction nano generator.
A roller-type solid-liquid contact wind speed sensor based on a frictional nanogenerator according to claim 1, wherein a mounting rod is fixedly installed at the lower end of the wind cup, and an upper magnet is movable inside the mounting rod. Piece.
A roller-type solid-liquid contact wind speed sensor based on a frictional nanogenerator according to claim 10, characterized in that: the upper magnetic block forms an elastic structure with the installation rod through the upper return spring, and the upper A connecting rod is rotatably installed above the magnetic block, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably provided with a limit rod.