WO2023273756A1 - 一种数据传输方法和相关设备 - Google Patents

一种数据传输方法和相关设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023273756A1
WO2023273756A1 PCT/CN2022/095912 CN2022095912W WO2023273756A1 WO 2023273756 A1 WO2023273756 A1 WO 2023273756A1 CN 2022095912 W CN2022095912 W CN 2022095912W WO 2023273756 A1 WO2023273756 A1 WO 2023273756A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
network device
access network
call
voice message
message packet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/095912
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘艳
叶进洲
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP22831578.4A priority Critical patent/EP4358591A1/en
Publication of WO2023273756A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023273756A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • H04W36/30—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data
    • H04W36/302—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data due to low signal strength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10—Architectures or entities
    • H04L65/1016—IP multimedia subsystem [IMS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H04B17/318—Received signal strength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/75—Media network packet handling
    • H04L65/752—Media network packet handling adapting media to network capabilities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/80—Responding to QoS

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the communication field, and in particular, to a data transmission method and related equipment.
  • the terminal encodes the call audio by an extremely low bit rate encoding method, so that the data volume of the obtained audio stream is smaller than the data volume of the audio stream obtained by encoding the above-mentioned real-time call encoding method.
  • the terminal encodes the call audio by an extremely low bit rate encoding method, so that the data volume of the obtained audio stream is smaller than the data volume of the audio stream obtained by encoding the above-mentioned real-time call encoding method.
  • the size of the ultra-low bit rate also has a lower limit. If the communication environment of the terminal is extremely poor and the audio stream of the ultra-low bit rate is transmitted, there will also be high packet loss rate and time delay, which will affect the transmission of call audio.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission method and related equipment, which are used to realize a call between a first communication terminal and a second communication terminal when the signal of the first communication terminal is poor.
  • the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method, the method is applied to an access network device, and the method includes:
  • the access network device establishes a call between the first call end and the second call end through the IP multimedia subsystem (IP multimedia subsystem, IMS) network; after the call is established, the access network device can receive the first call from the first call end.
  • IP multimedia subsystem IP multimedia subsystem, IMS
  • a voice message packet the first voice message packet is sent by the first call end after determining that the first signal strength is less than the first threshold, wherein the first signal strength is the signal strength of the access network device at the first call end;
  • the access network device can transmit the first voice message packet to the first media processing network element, so as to implement a call between the first call end and the second call end through the first media processing network element.
  • the first media processing network element is a media processing network element on the side of the second call end.
  • the first call end realizes the call with the second call end through the access network device. If the first signal strength is less than the first threshold, it means that the connection between the access network device and the first call end is If the signal is weak, the audio stream required for the call is transmitted between the first call end and the access network device, which is prone to high packet loss rate and time extension.
  • the access network device receives the first voice message packet from the first call end, and transmits the audio data of the first call end to the second call end through the first voice message packet.
  • the transmission of the voice message packet can reduce the probability of packet loss , can also reduce the delay, thereby ensuring the quality and real-time communication between the first communication terminal and the second communication terminal.
  • the call-to-message function can be enabled, and the voice message packet can be transmitted between the first call end and the media processing network element by accessing the network device, so that the first call end and the second call end can be realized through the voice message packet.
  • the access network device may determine to enable the call-to-message function. Specifically, before the access network device receives the first voice message packet from the first call end, the method may further include: the access network device may receive first metric information from the first call end, wherein the first metric The information is used to indicate the first signal strength of the access network device at the first call end; based on the first signal strength being less than the first threshold, the access network device may transmit a first start notification to the first call end, and the first start notification is used to Instruct the first call end to implement a call with the second call end in the form of a voice message packet.
  • the second media processing network element is a media processing network element on the side of the first call end.
  • the access network device may determine that the signal of the access network device at the first call end is weak according to the first signal strength being less than the first threshold, so as to decide to enable the call transfer message, and send the first call transfer message to the first call end. Once the notification is turned on, the first call end is notified to turn on the call transfer message.
  • the access network device may also provide channel resources for other communication devices, so the access network device can According to the signal strength at the terminal and the allocation of channel resources, turn on the call transfer message in due course.
  • the signal at the first call end is weak, and more channel resources cannot be allocated for the first call end, it can be determined to enable the call transfer message; if the signal strength at the first call end is weak, and it can be allocated for the first call end If there are more channel resources, more channel resources can be allocated to the first call end, so as to ensure that the first call end can realize the call through the audio stream, and the quality of the audio data received by the second call end through the audio stream is better. it is good. In this way, the coordination between the reasonable allocation of channel resources and the guarantee of low call delay and low packet loss is realized.
  • the access network device may also transmit the voice message packet to the first call end.
  • the access network device may receive second metric information from the first call end, where the second metric information is used to indicate a second signal strength of the access network device at the first call end; based on the fact that the second signal strength is less than the first Threshold value, the access network device may transmit a second opening notice to the second media processing network element, wherein the second opening notice is used to instruct the second media processing network element to implement the communication between the first communication terminal and the second A call between call terminals; after transmitting the second opening notification to the second media processing network element, the access network device can receive the second voice message packet from the second media processing network element, and transmit the second voice message packet to the first call end Two voice message packets, so as to realize the transmission of voice message packets from the media processing network element to the first call end.
  • the second metric information may or may not be the same information as the first metric information, which is not limited here.
  • the access network device may notify the media processing network element to implement the call between the first call end and the second call end in the form of voice message packets through the second opening notification.
  • voice message packets in the downlink direction from the media processing network element to the first call end, the amount of data in the downlink direction is reduced.
  • the probability of packet loss can be reduced, and the Delay, so as to ensure the quality and real-time performance of the call in the downlink direction on the side of the first call end.
  • the first call end may also decide to enable the call-forwarding message.
  • the access network device may receive a second activation notification from the first communication terminal, and the second activation notification is used to instruct the second media processing network element to realize the communication between the first communication terminal and the second communication terminal in the form of a voice message packet.
  • the access network device After receiving the second activation notification, the access network device can transmit the second activation notification to the second media processing network element; after transmitting the second activation notification to the second media processing network element, the access network device can receive The second voice message packet is received from the second media processing network element, and the second voice message packet is transmitted to the first call end, thereby realizing the transmission of the voice message packet from the second media processing network element to the first call end.
  • the first call end since the first call end can detect the signal strength of the access network device at the first call end in real time, the first call end decides to enable the call transfer message without sending measurement results to other devices, and Receiving the opening notification reduces the process of turning on the call-to-message at the first call end, and can timely respond to the signal strength to determine the turn-on of the call-to-message, which improves the feedback of the change of the data transmission mode (audio stream or voice message packet) to the change of the signal strength speed.
  • the data transmission mode audio stream or voice message packet
  • each of the first opening notification and/or the second opening notification may include: at least one of a fragment size identifier, a fragment interval identifier, a fragment transmission rate identifier, and a coding mode identifier; wherein, The fragment size identifier is used to indicate the fragment size of the voice message packet transmission; the fragment interval identifier is used to indicate the fragment interval of the voice message packet transmission; the fragment sending rate identifier is used to indicate the fragmentation of the voice message packet transmission Sending rate; the encoding mode is used for indication, and the voice message packet is obtained by encoding in the target encoding mode.
  • the beneficial effects of the first/second opening notification with an identifier for indicating the encoding strategy or sending strategy of the voice message packet will be described.
  • the first opening notification has an identifier for indicating the encoding strategy or sending strategy of the voice message packet, and the first communication terminal receives the first opening notification, not only can know that the uplink direction needs to be transmitted with the voice message packet It can also know what encoding method and/or sending strategy is used to transmit the voice message packet, without additional methods to obtain the above encoding method and/or sending strategy, which reduces the complexity and delay of the process.
  • the beneficial effect of the logo in the second opening notification can be deduced by analogy. I won't repeat them here.
  • the audio stream may also be restored to realize the call between the first call end and the second call end. That is to say, the call-to-message function can be turned off when the communication environment becomes better.
  • the method may further include: the access network device may receive the first audio stream from the first call end, wherein the first audio stream is It is sent by the first communication end after determining that the third signal strength is greater than the second threshold, and the third signal strength is the signal strength of the access network device at the first communication end; after receiving the first audio stream, the access network device can send a message to the second audio stream.
  • a media processing network element transmits the first audio stream, so as to implement a call between the first call end and the second call end through the first media processing network element.
  • the audio data between the first call end and the second call end may be transmitted in the form of voice message packets in the case of poor communication resources.
  • the call-to-message function can be turned off, and the first call can be transmitted in the form of audio stream audio data between the end and the second call end.
  • the data volume of the audio stream is larger, which can reflect more information of the audio data, and the sound quality of the call will be improved, and the call quality will be better.
  • the access network device may decide to disable the call-to-message function. Specifically, before the access network device receives the first audio stream from the first call end, the method may further include: the access network device may receive third metric information from the first call end, where the third metric information is used for Indicating the third signal strength of the access network device at the first call end; based on the third signal strength being greater than the second threshold, the access network device may transmit a first shutdown notification to the first call end, and the first shutdown notification is used to indicate the first The calling end implements a call with the second talking end in the form of an audio stream.
  • the access network device decides to close the call transfer message, and the access network device can reasonably allocate channel resources for the first call end based on the signal strength at the first call end, so as to reasonably determine to close the call Time to forward the message. For example, if the third signal strength is greater than the second threshold, but there is a communication device with a higher priority requesting access, and channel resources need to be allocated to the communication device first, then the channel resources of the first call end may change. You can not turn off the call to message first, and wait until the channel resources of the first call end become stable before deciding whether to turn it off, which can prevent the first call end from frequently switching data transmission methods, so as to reduce the transmission amount of signaling data and the calculation of each device quantity.
  • the access network device may also decide to disable the call transfer message in the downlink direction. Specifically, after the access network device receives the first voice message packet from the first call end, the method may further include: the access network device may receive fourth metric information from the first call end, where the fourth metric information is used In order to indicate the fourth signal strength of the access network device at the first call end; based on the fourth signal strength being greater than the second threshold, the access network device may transmit a second shutdown notification to the second media processing network element, wherein the second shutdown notification It is used to instruct the second media processing network element to realize the call between the first call end and the second call end in the form of audio stream; after transmitting the second closing notification to the second media processing network element, the access network device can receive The second audio stream is processed from the second media network element, and the second audio stream is transmitted to the first call end, so that in the downlink direction, the call between the first call end and the second call end is realized through the audio stream.
  • the access network device may notify the second media processing network element to implement the call between the first call end and the second call end in the form of audio stream through the second closing notification.
  • the access network device may notify the second media processing network element to implement the call between the first call end and the second call end in the form of audio stream through the second closing notification.
  • the first call end may decide to disable the call-to-message function.
  • the method may further include: the access network device may receive a second close notice from the first call end, wherein the second close notice uses Instructing the second media processing network element to implement the call between the first call end and the second call end in the form of audio stream; the access network device can transmit the second closing notification to the second media processing network element; After the media network device transmits the second shutdown notification, the access network device may receive the second audio stream from the second media processing network element, and transmit the second audio stream to the first call end.
  • the first call end since the first call end can detect the signal strength of the access network device at the first call end in real time, the first call end decides to turn off the call transfer message without sending measurement results to other devices, and Receiving the shutdown notification reduces the process of switching off the call to the message at the first call end, and can timely respond to the signal strength to determine the shutdown of the call to the message, which improves the feedback of the change of the data transmission method (audio stream or voice message packet) to the change of the signal strength speed.
  • the data transmission method audio stream or voice message packet
  • the strategy for sending voice message packets between the first communication end and the media processing network element may also be changed through a gear shift instruction.
  • the method may further include: transmitting a first shift instruction to the first call end, wherein the first shift instruction is used to indicate the first call The end changes the sending strategy at the first shift time, and transmits the voice message packet through the first sending strategy;
  • the step of receiving the first voice message packet from the first call end may specifically include: receiving the message from the first call end, and sending The first voice message packet transmitted by the strategy; the first voice message packet is transmitted to the first media processing network element through the first sending strategy.
  • the strategy for sending voice message packets between the first communication end and the media processing network element may also be changed through a gear shift instruction.
  • the method may further include: receiving a second shift instruction from the first call end, wherein the second shift instruction is used for Instruct the second media processing network element to change the sending strategy at the second standard shift time, and transmit the voice message packet through the second sending strategy;
  • the step of receiving the second voice message packet from the second media processing network element may specifically include: receiving From the second media processing network element, the second voice message packet transmitted through the second sending strategy;
  • the step of transmitting the second voice message packet to the first call end may specifically include: sending the second voice message packet to the first communication terminal through the second sending strategy A communication terminal transmits a second voice message packet.
  • the transmission strategy of the voice message packet can be adjusted through a gear shift prompt, for example, the transmission rate of the voice message packet can be changed, etc., to The effect of adapting to the corresponding signal strength (communication environment) is achieved.
  • the signal strength is relatively strong, transmit the voice message packet at a higher transmission rate, thereby improving the quality of the audio data transmitted by the voice message packet; when the signal strength is relatively weak, transmit at a lower transmission rate Voice message packets, to ensure that the transmission of voice message packets can achieve low delay and low packet loss rate, so as to match the transmission rate with the communication environment.
  • the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method, the method is applied to the first call end, and the method includes:
  • the first call end establishes a call with the second call end through the IP Multimedia Subsystem IMS network; the first call end determines that the first signal strength of the connected access network device is less than the first threshold, and the real-time collection
  • the first call audio is encoded to obtain the first voice message packet; after obtaining the first voice message packet, the first call end can transmit the first voice message packet to the first media processing network element by accessing the network device, so as to pass
  • the first media processing network element implements a call between the first call end and the second call end.
  • the first media processing network element is a media processing network element on the side of the second call end.
  • the method before encoding the first call audio collected in real time to obtain the first voice message packet, the method further includes: the first call end transmits the first measurement information to the access network device, The first metric information is used to indicate the first signal strength of the access network device at the first call end; the first call end receives a first start notification from the access network device, and the first start notification is used to indicate that the first call end passes In the form of voice message packets, the communication with the second communication terminal is realized.
  • the method further includes: the first communication terminal transmits second metric information to the access network device, where the second measurement information is used to indicate the second signal strength of the access network device at the first communication terminal ;
  • the first call end receives the second voice message packet from the second media processing network element by accessing the network device.
  • the second media processing network element is a media processing network element on the side of the first call end.
  • the method further includes: the first communication terminal transmits a second activation notification to the second media processing network element through the access network device, and the second activation notification is used to instruct the second media processing network to
  • the element implements a call between the first call end and the second call end in the form of a voice message packet; the first call end receives the second voice message packet from the second media processing network element by accessing the network device.
  • each of the first enabling notification and/or the second enabling notification may include: a fragment size identifier, a fragment interval identifier, a fragment sending rate identifier, and a coding mode identifier At least one item; wherein, the fragmentation size identifier is used to indicate the fragmentation size of the voice message packet transmission; the fragmentation interval identifier is used to indicate the fragmentation interval of the voice message packet transmission; the fragmentation sending rate identifier is used to indicate, Fragmented transmission rate of voice message packet transmission; encoding mode identifier is used for indication, and the voice message packet is obtained by encoding in the target coding mode.
  • the method further includes: the first call end determines the access network device If the third signal strength is greater than the second threshold, the first audio stream is transmitted to the first media processing network element through the access network device, so as to realize the connection between the first communication terminal and the second communication terminal through the first media processing network element. call.
  • the method before transmitting the first audio stream to the first media processing network element through the access network device, the method further includes: the first communication terminal transmits third metric information to the access network device , the third measurement information is used to indicate the third signal strength of the access network device at the first communication end; In the form of audio stream, the communication with the second communication terminal is realized.
  • the method further includes: sending the first call end to the access network device Transmitting fourth metric information, the fourth metric information is used to indicate the fourth signal strength of the access network device at the first call end; the first call end receives the second audio stream from the second media processing network element through the access network device .
  • the method further includes: the first call end through the access network device , transmitting a second closing notification to the second media processing network element, the second closing notification is used to instruct the second media processing network element to realize the call between the first calling end and the second talking end through the audio stream; the first The calling end receives the second audio stream from the second media processing network element by accessing the network device.
  • the method before the step of transmitting the first voice message packet to the first media processing network element through the access network device, the method may further include: receiving the first voice message packet from the access network device Gear indication, wherein, the first gear shift indication is used to instruct the first call end to change the sending strategy at the first shift time, and transmit voice message packets through the first sending strategy;
  • the step of the network element transmitting the first voice message packet may specifically include: transmitting the first voice message packet to the access network device through the first sending strategy, so as to transmit the first voice message packet to the first media processing network element through the access network device message pack.
  • the method before receiving the second voice message packet from the second media processing network element through the access network device, the method may further include: sending the second voice message packet to the second media processing network element through the access network device
  • the network element transmits a second shift instruction, wherein the second shift instruction is used to instruct the second media processing network element to change the transmission strategy at the second shift time, and transmit the voice message packet through the second transmission strategy; through the access network device
  • the step of receiving the second voice message packet from the second media processing network element may specifically include: receiving the second voice message packet transmitted by the second sending policy from the second media processing network element through an access network device .
  • a third aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides an access network device, where the access network device includes:
  • the processor is used to: process the data transmitted by the transceiver, and/or process the data received by the transceiver;
  • the transceiver is used to: establish a call between the first call end and the second call end through the IP multimedia subsystem IMS network; receive the first voice message packet from the first call end, and the first voice message packet is determined for the first call end Sent after the first signal strength is less than the first threshold, the first signal strength is the signal strength of the access network device at the first call end; transmit the first voice message packet to the first media processing network element, so as to pass the first media processing
  • the network element implements the call between the first call end and the second call end.
  • the access network device is used to implement the data transmission method of the first aspect.
  • the fourth aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a first communication terminal, the first communication terminal includes:
  • the processor is used to: process the data transmitted by the transceiver, and/or process the data received by the transceiver;
  • the transceiver is used to: establish a call with the second call end through the IP Multimedia Subsystem IMS network; determine that the first signal strength of the connected access network device is less than the first threshold, and then the real-time collected first call
  • the audio is encoded to obtain the first voice message packet; the first voice message packet is transmitted to the first media processing network element by accessing the network device, so as to realize the connection between the first call end and the second call end through the first media processing network element calls;
  • the first communication terminal is used to realize the data transmission method of the second aspect.
  • the fifth aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, the communication system includes:
  • the first communication terminal the access network device, the first media processing network element, the second media processing network element and the second communication terminal;
  • the communication system is used to realize the data transmission method of the first aspect and/or the second aspect.
  • the sixth aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer executes the program, the method of the first aspect or the second aspect is executed.
  • a seventh aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a computer program product, and when the computer program product is executed on a computer, the computer executes the method of the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application architecture of an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a data transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is another schematic flowchart of a data transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is another schematic flowchart of the data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is another schematic flowchart of a data transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6a is a schematic diagram of the data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6b is another schematic diagram of the data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is another schematic flowchart of the data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an access network device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a first communication terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • SIP Session initiation protocol
  • SIP session initiation protocol
  • IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
  • IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
  • SIP IP voice session control protocol originating from the Internet. It is flexible, easy to implement, and easy to expand.
  • SDP Session Description Protocol
  • SDP Session Description Protocol
  • SAP session announcement protocol
  • SDP session announcement protocol
  • RTSP real time streaming protocol
  • MIME multipurpose internet mail extensions
  • HTTP hypertext transfer protocol
  • RTP Real-time transport protocol
  • RTP Real-time transport protocol
  • UDP user datagram protocol
  • RTP can also transmit data to multiple targets.
  • RTCP Real-time transport control protocol (real-time transport control protocol, RTCP) is a sister protocol of the real-time transport protocol (RTP).
  • RTP real-time transport protocol
  • RTCP provides out-of-band control for RTP media streams.
  • RTCP itself does not transmit data, but cooperates with RTP to package and send multimedia data.
  • RTCP periodically transmits control data between participants in a streaming multimedia session.
  • the main function of RTCP is to provide feedback for the quality of service (QoS) provided by RTP.
  • RTCP collects statistics related to the media connection, such as: number of transmitted bytes, number of transmitted packets, number of lost packets, jitter, one-way and two-way network delay and so on.
  • Network applications can use the information provided by RTCP to try to improve the quality of service, such as limiting the flow of information or switching to a codec with less compression.
  • Caller The initiator of the call.
  • Called end The initiated party of the call.
  • the first communication terminal/the second communication terminal one of the calling terminal or the called terminal. If the first communication end is the calling end, then the second communication end is the called end; if the first communication end is the called end, then the second communication end is the calling end.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission method and related equipment, which are used to implement a call between a first call end and a second call end in a poor communication environment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application architecture of an embodiment of the present application.
  • the calling terminal 100 accesses the core network through an access network device 110 , and the media processing network element 120 in the core network is used to adjust the format of the uplink and downlink call data of the calling terminal 100 .
  • the called terminal 200 accesses the core network through the access network device 210 , and the media processing network element 220 in the core network is used to implement the format adjustment of the uplink and downlink call data of the called terminal 200 .
  • the session processing network element 300 in the core network is used to manage the call between the calling terminal 100 and the called terminal 200 .
  • each network element in the core network, the access network device 110, the calling terminal 100, the access network device 210 and the called terminal 200 together constitute an IMS network, and the IMS network is used to realize the connection between the calling terminal 100 and the called terminal. 200 calls between.
  • the calling terminal 100 and the called terminal 200 are two ends of a call.
  • the calling terminal 100 can be used as the first communication terminal, and the called terminal 200 can be used as the second communication terminal; or the called terminal 200 can be used as the first communication terminal, and the calling terminal 100 can be used as the second communication terminal, There is no limit here.
  • the calling terminal 100 and the called terminal 200 are collectively referred to as terminal equipment.
  • the access network device 110 and/or the access network device 210 may be a base station.
  • the access network device 110 and/or the access network device 210 can also be other communication devices, such as edge devices, as long as they can provide channel resources for the calling terminal 100 or the called terminal 200 The ability is sufficient, and there is no limitation here.
  • the communication system in the embodiment of the present application may be a wireless communication system such as fifth generation mobile communication technology (5th generation mobile communication technology, 5G), satellite communication, and short distance, and the system architecture is shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the system architecture includes a calling terminal 100 and a called terminal 200 , the access network device 110 provides channel resources to the calling terminal 100 , and the access network device 210 provides channel resources to the called terminal 200 .
  • the wireless communication system can also perform point-to-point communication, such as communication between multiple terminal devices.
  • the access network device 110 or the access network device 210 may also provide services to more or fewer terminal devices, and the number and types of terminal devices are determined according to actual needs, which are not specifically limited here.
  • the wireless communication systems mentioned in the embodiments of this application include but are not limited to: narrow band-internet of things (NB-IoT), long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) and 5G
  • NB-IoT narrow band-internet of things
  • LTE long term evolution
  • 5G 5th Generationан ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇
  • the access network device 110 and/or the access network device 210 may be an apparatus deployed in a radio access network to provide a wireless communication function for a terminal device.
  • the access network device 110 and/or the access network device 210 may provide a wireless communication function for multiple terminal devices.
  • the access network device 110 and/or the access network device 210 may include various forms of macro base stations, micro base stations (also called small stations), relay stations, access points, and the like.
  • the names of the devices having the functions of the access network device 110 and/or the access network device 210 may be different, for example, in an LTE system, it is called an evolved Node B (evolved nodeB, eNB or eNodeB), in the third generation (3rd generation, 3G) system, it is called Node B (Node B), etc.
  • eNB evolved Node B
  • Node B Node B
  • the above-mentioned devices that provide wireless communication functions for terminal devices are collectively referred to as access network devices or base stations (base stations, BSs).
  • the access network device 110 and/or the access network device 210 in this application may be an evolved base station (evolutional Node B, eNB or eNodeB) in LTE; or a base station in a 5G network, a broadband network service gateway (broadband network gateway, BNG), aggregation switch, or non-third generation partnership project (3rd generation partnership project, 3GPP) access device, etc., which are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • eNB evolved Node B
  • eNodeB evolved base station
  • BNG broadband network gateway
  • 3GPP non-third generation partnership project
  • the base station in the embodiment of the present application may include various forms of base stations, for example: next generation base station (gNodeB, gNB), transmission point (transmitting and receiving point, TRP), transmission point (transmitting point, TP), Mobile switching center and device-to-device (Device-to-Device, D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, Internet of Things (Internet of Things) ) communication, etc., which undertake the base station function, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • next generation base station gNodeB, gNB
  • TRP transmission point
  • TP transmission point
  • TP transmission point
  • V2X vehicle-to-everything
  • M2M machine-to-machine
  • Internet of Things Internet of Things
  • the calling terminal 100, the called terminal 200, the first communication terminal and the second communication terminal may all be referred to as terminal devices.
  • the terminal devices involved in the embodiments of the present application may include various handheld devices with wireless communication functions, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems.
  • the terminal device can also be called a terminal, and the terminal device can also be a subscriber unit, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a wireless data card, a personal digital assistant (PDA) ) computer, tablet computer, wireless modem (modem), handheld device (handset), laptop computer (laptop computer), machine type communication (machine type communication, MTC) terminal, etc., are not limited here.
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • terminal devices there may be more or less terminal devices or in the communication system, and the number and types of terminal devices are determined according to actual needs, which are not specifically limited here.
  • the terminal equipment mentioned in the embodiment of the present application may be a device with a wireless transceiver function, and specifically may refer to user equipment (user equipment, UE), access terminal, subscriber unit (subscriber unit), subscriber station, mobile station (mobile station), remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, wireless communication device, user agent, or user device.
  • user equipment user equipment, UE
  • access terminal subscriber unit (subscriber unit), subscriber station, mobile station (mobile station), remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, wireless communication device, user agent, or user device.
  • the terminal device can also be a satellite phone, a cellular phone, a smartphone, a wireless data card, a wireless modem, a machine type communication device, can be a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (wireless local loop) loop, WLL) station, personal digital assistant (personal digital assistant, PDA), handheld device with wireless communication function, computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, vehicle-mounted device, communication device carried on high-altitude aircraft, wearable Devices, drones, robots, terminals in device-to-device (D2D) communication, terminals in vehicle to everything (V2X), virtual reality (VR) terminal devices, Augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) terminal equipment, mixed reality (mixed reality, MR), wireless terminals in industrial control (industrial control), wireless terminals in self driving (self driving), telemedicine (remote medical) Wireless terminals in smart grid, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart city, wireless terminals in smart home or future communication
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method, which is used to implement a call between a first call end and a second call end when the signal of the first call end is poor.
  • the data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application can implement a call between the first call end and the second call end when the signal at one end or both ends of the call is poor. Next, the data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application will be respectively described in the case of poor signal at one or both ends of the call.
  • the calling terminal 100 will be used as the first communication terminal, and the called terminal 200 will be used as the second communication terminal. Apply the method shown in the examples. See Figure 2, the method includes:
  • the call between the calling terminal 100 and the called terminal 200 needs to be established in the IMS system.
  • the calling terminal 100 may initiate a session establishment request to the called terminal 200 through the IMS network, and request to establish a call between the calling terminal 100 and the called terminal 200 .
  • the called terminal 200 may send a session establishment response to the calling terminal through the IMS network, so as to complete the establishment of the call between the calling terminal 100 and the called terminal 200 .
  • Step 201 will be described in detail in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 , and will not be repeated here.
  • the calling terminal 100 encodes the first call audio collected in real time into a first voice message packet.
  • the calling terminal 100 determines that the first signal strength of the access network device 110 at the calling terminal 100 is less than the first threshold, it means that the signal between the calling terminal 100 and the access network device 110 is weak, and the signal strength at the calling terminal 110 is weak.
  • the transmission of audio streams between 100 and the access network device 110 is prone to phenomena such as high packet loss rate and time delay.
  • the calling terminal 100 may encode the first call audio collected in real time into a first voice message packet, and transmit the content of the first call audio to the called terminal through the first voice message packet.
  • the first threshold can be determined according to the relationship between signal strength and packet loss rate, in addition, it can also be determined according to the relationship between signal strength and call clarity, etc. There is no limit.
  • the first threshold may depend on operator settings.
  • the first threshold may be 40kbps.
  • the first threshold may also be other sizes, such as 45kbps, 42kbps, 35kbps, 32kbps, or 30kbps, etc., which are not limited here.
  • the calling end 100 transmits the first voice message packet to the media processing network element 220 by accessing the network device 110.
  • the calling terminal 100 can transmit the first voice message packet to the media processing network element 220 by accessing the network device 110 . Therefore, the content of the first call audio is transmitted to the called terminal 200 through the media processing network element 220 .
  • the media processing network element 220 is also referred to as a first media processing network element, and the first media processing network element is a media processing network element on the side of the second call end (called end 200), which is used for Encode or forward the uplink or downlink data of the called terminal 200.
  • the call audio collected in real time is coded into a voice message packet, and the caller terminal 100 and the access network device 110 The voice message packet is transmitted between.
  • the real-time collected call audio is transmitted in the form of voice message packets, and the amount of transmitted data is small, which can reduce the packet loss rate and delay between the calling terminal 100 and the access network device 110, Guarantee the real-time nature of the call.
  • the media processing network element 220 encodes the first voice message packet into an audio stream.
  • the media processing network element 220 may encode the first voice message packet into an audio stream.
  • the media processing network element 220 transmits the audio stream to the called terminal 200 by accessing the network device 210 .
  • the media processing network element 220 After the media processing network element 220 has encoded the audio stream, it can transmit the audio stream to the called terminal 200 by connecting to the network device 210 , thereby realizing the transmission of the content of the first call audio to the called terminal 200 .
  • the calling terminal 100 is used as the first communication terminal, and how to realize the connection between the first communication terminal and the second communication terminal when the signal of the first communication terminal is poor is described. call.
  • the calling terminal 100 does not limit the first communication terminal, and the first communication terminal may also be the called terminal 200, which is not limited here. If the first talking terminal is the called terminal 200, the specific process in FIG. 2 is adaptively changed, and details are not repeated here.
  • the first call end implements a call with the second call end through the access network device.
  • the first voice message The packet realizes the transmission of the audio data of the first communication terminal to the second communication terminal. Since the data volume of the voice message packet is much smaller than that of the audio stream, when the signal between the access network device and the first communication terminal is weak, compared with transmitting audio data through the audio stream, the transmission of the voice message packet can reduce the probability of packet loss , can also reduce the delay, thereby ensuring the quality and real-time communication between the first communication terminal and the second communication terminal.
  • the transmission of voice message packets between the terminal (calling terminal/called terminal) and the access network device is referred to as the call-to-message function.
  • the call-to-message function needs to be enabled. This function can be enabled by an access network device or a terminal (calling terminal/called terminal), which will be described separately next.
  • a method for enabling a call-to-message function on an access network device includes:
  • the calling end 100 transmits first metric information to the access network device 110.
  • the calling end 100 may detect the first signal strength of the access network device 110 at the calling end 100, and transmit to the access network device 110 first metric information for indicating the first signal strength. Wherein, the first metric information and the first signal strength are used to determine whether to enable call transfer message.
  • the access network device 110 transmits a second enabling notification to the media processing network element 120.
  • the access network device 110 can determine the signal difference at the calling end 100, so as to transmit a second start notification to the media processing network element 120, the second start notification is used to indicate the media processing
  • the network element 120 transmits the call data in the downlink direction to the calling terminal 100 in the form of voice message packets, so as to realize the call between the calling terminal 100 and the called terminal 200 .
  • the second opening notification may be an RTCP packet.
  • the APP field of the RTCP message is extended:
  • STVM ⁇ application-dependent data ⁇ Open_SpeechtoVoiceMessage ⁇ . This field is used to indicate that the call-to-message function is enabled for the calling terminal 100 .
  • STVM and SpeechtoVoiceMessage both represent speech to voice message, that is, call to message.
  • the second activation notification enables the call transfer function in the downlink data transmission direction of the calling terminal 100 .
  • the coding strategy and/or sending strategy in the downlink data transmission direction may also be indicated through the second enabling notification.
  • the second opening notification may include a fragment size identifier, and the fragment size identifier is used to indicate the fragment size of the voice message packet transmission in the downlink direction.
  • the second opening notification may also include other information, such as fragment interval identifier, fragment transmission rate identifier, encoding mode identifier, etc., which are not limited here.
  • the fragmentation interval identifier is used to indicate the fragmentation interval of the voice message packet transmission in the downlink direction;
  • the fragmentation transmission rate identifier is used to indicate the fragmentation transmission rate of the voice message packet transmission in the downlink direction;
  • the encoding mode identifier is used to indicate In the downlink direction, the media processing network element 120 encodes in the target coding manner to obtain voice message packets.
  • the APP field of the RTCP message can be extended, and the extended field is used to indicate the encoding or sending strategy of the voice message packet.
  • the field ⁇ STVM ⁇ can be extended: application-dependent data ⁇ Internal, Package Size ⁇ , which is used to indicate the fragmentation size of the voice message package.
  • the field ⁇ STVM ⁇ can be extended: application-dependent data ⁇ messagerate ⁇ , which is used to indicate the sending rate of voice message packets.
  • MELP mixed excitation linear prediction
  • the transmission of voice message packets can be divided into multiple files according to the transmission rate.
  • the transmission of voice message packets can be divided into code rate 1 (4.5kb/s), code rate 2 (2.25kb/s) and code rate 3 (1.125kb/s) three levels.
  • code rate 1 4.5kb/s
  • code rate 2 (2.25kb/s)
  • code rate 3 (1.125kb/s) three levels.
  • the voice message packet is transmitted at a rate of 1; when the signal strength is within the interval [C, B], then Transmit at code rate 2; when the signal strength is less than C, transmit at code rate 3.
  • the magnitude of the signal strength A may be equal to the magnitude of the first threshold.
  • the size of signal strength B and C can be determined according to the relationship between signal strength and packet loss rate.
  • the signal strength B can also be determined according to the relationship between signal strength and call clarity, etc. , C, not limited here.
  • the signal strengths B and C may depend on the setting of the operator.
  • the second start notification may also be used to indicate the time when the shift occurs. For example, assuming that the signal strength A is relative to the first threshold, when the signal strength of the calling terminal 100 is greater than the first threshold, the calling terminal 100 The call audio is transmitted in the form of an audio stream.
  • the second opening notification is used to instruct the media processing network element 120 (the second media processing network element) to change the transmission strategy at the second shift time.
  • the second sending strategy transmits voice message packets.
  • the second sending strategy is the sending strategy corresponding to the rate 1 shown in FIG. 6a.
  • the second opening notification is also called the second shift indication, which is used to instruct the second media processing network element to change the transmission strategy at the second shift time, and transmit voice through the second transmission strategy message pack.
  • the second gear shift instruction in addition to the second opening notification, can also be other notifications, which are used to adjust the sending strategy based on the signal strength when the call audio data is transmitted in the form of voice message packets. There is no limit.
  • a gear shift delay time and a gear shift lag interval may be set.
  • the voice message packet should be transmitted at a code rate of 1; at time t3, the transmission should be switched Rate, from code rate 1 to code rate 2 to transmit voice message packets, that is, "shift" at time t3; at time t4, the transmission rate should be switched from code rate 2 to code rate 3 to transmit voice message packets, that is, at time t4 "Shift".
  • the time at which a "shift” occurs can be delayed. Take the "shift” around time t3 as an example, extend the shift lag time after t3, and do not shift gears during the shift lag time. If the signal strength of the first communication terminal is less than A within the shift lag time, then The gear is changed at time t3'. Wherein, there is a shift lag time difference between time t3' and time t3.
  • the threshold signal strength that needs to be satisfied when "shifting gears” can be adjusted appropriately, and the signal strength when “shifting gears” occurs can be lowered.
  • the signal strength change curve on the right half of the graph at the signal strength of a shift lag interval smaller than the signal strength B, determine the signal strength change curve and the strength The point corresponding to the size is determined at the time t3' corresponding to the point, and the time t3' is determined as the "shift" time.
  • the media processing network element 120 is also referred to as a first media processing network element, and the second media processing network element is used to encode or forward the uplink or downlink data of the calling end 120 .
  • the media processing network element 120 transmits the first activation notification to the calling end 100 by accessing the network device 110.
  • step 303 the second enabling notification is transmitted to the media processing network element 120 , which ensures that the call-to-message function is enabled in the downlink data transmission direction of the calling end 100 . Since both uplink and downlink data transmission will be affected in the case of poor signal, it is also necessary to ensure that the function of call-to-message is turned on in the direction of uplink data transmission.
  • the media processing network element 120 may transmit a first activation notification to the calling terminal 100 by accessing the network device.
  • the first activation notification is used to instruct the calling terminal 100 to pass the voice In the form of a message packet, the communication with the called terminal 200 is realized.
  • the first opening notification and the second opening notification may be RTCP packets.
  • the APP field of the RTCP message is extended:
  • STVM ⁇ application-dependent data ⁇ Open_SpeechtoVoiceMessage ⁇ . This field is used to indicate that the call-to-message function is enabled for the calling terminal 100 .
  • STVM and SpeechtoVoiceMessage both represent speech to voice message, that is, call to message.
  • the coding strategy and/or sending strategy in the uplink data transmission direction may also be indicated through the first enabling notification.
  • first opening notification For the content contained in the first opening notification, refer to the description of the second opening notification in step 303 , which will not be repeated here.
  • each identifier is used to indicate the coding or sending strategy in the uplink direction.
  • the coding mode identifier is used to indicate that in the uplink direction, the calling terminal 100 codes in the target coding mode to obtain the voice message packet.
  • the first start notification may also be used to indicate the time when the shift occurs.
  • the calling terminal 100 transmits the call audio in the form of an audio stream.
  • the calling terminal 100 (the first communication terminal) is instructed to change the sending strategy at the first shift time through the first opening notification, and transmit the voice message packet through the first sending strategy.
  • the first sending strategy is the sending strategy corresponding to the rate 1 shown in FIG. 6a.
  • the first opening notification is also referred to as the first shift instruction, which is used to instruct the first call end to change the sending strategy at the first shift time, and transmit voice message packets through the first sending strategy .
  • the first gear shift instruction in addition to the first opening notification, can also be other notifications, which are used to adjust the sending strategy based on the signal strength in the case of transmitting call audio data in the form of voice message packets. There is no limit.
  • a gear shift delay time and a gear shift lag interval may be set.
  • the shift lag time and the shift lag interval refer to step 303, which will not be repeated here.
  • the first activation notification is determined by the media processing network element 120 to send to the calling terminal 100 based on the second activation notification in the downlink direction, so as to also enable the call-to-message function in the uplink direction.
  • the transmission of the first activation notification may also be as follows: the access network device 110 receives the second metric information from the calling terminal 100, and the second metric information is used to indicate that the access network device 110 is in the calling terminal 100 The second signal strength of . Based on the second signal strength being less than the first threshold, the access network device 110 determines that the call-to-message function needs to be enabled in the uplink direction, and then transmits a first activation notification to the calling terminal 100.
  • the activation of the uplink and downlink call-to-message function can be performed uniformly.
  • the first measurement information and the second Metric information can be the same piece of information.
  • the first metric information and the second metric information may also be different information, which is not limited here.
  • the calling terminal 100 encodes the first call audio collected in real time into a first voice message packet.
  • the calling end 100 transmits the first voice message packet to the media processing network element 220 by accessing the network device 110 .
  • the media processing network element 220 encodes the first voice message packet into an audio stream.
  • the media processing network element 200 transmits the audio stream to the called end 200 by accessing the network device 210 .
  • steps 305 to 308 refer to steps 202 to 205 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the first voice message packet may be obtained by encoding according to the encoding strategy indicated in the first enabling notification.
  • the first voice message packet may be transmitted to the access network device 110 according to the sending policy indicated in the first opening notice, Therefore, the amount of data transmitted from the calling end 100 to the access network device 110 is reduced, and the packet loss rate and time delay of the uplink data transmission of the calling end 100 are reduced.
  • the first voice message packet may be transmitted in the form of an RTP message.
  • the header PT payload type
  • the header PT field can be used to indicate that the message is a voice message packet and the encoding method of the voice message packet.
  • the called end 200 transmits the audio stream to the media processing network element 120 by accessing the network device 210.
  • the called terminal 200 Since the signal of the called terminal 200 is normal, the called terminal 200 still transmits data to the calling terminal 100 in the form of audio stream. For example, the called terminal 200 transmits an audio stream to the media processing network element 120 by accessing the network device 210 , and the audio stream carries the call audio collected by the called terminal 200 in real time.
  • the media processing network element 120 encodes the audio stream into a second voice message packet.
  • step 303 the media processing network element 120 has received the second opening notification from the access network device 110, so the downlink data transmitted to the calling terminal 100 must be converted into the format of a voice message packet.
  • the media processing network element 120 may encode the audio stream from the called terminal 200 into a second voice message packet.
  • the second voice message packet may be obtained by encoding according to the encoding strategy indicated in the second enabling notification.
  • the media processing network element 120 transmits the second voice message packet to the calling terminal 100 by accessing the network device 110.
  • the media processing network element 120 can transmit the second voice message packet to the calling terminal 100 by accessing the network device 110 .
  • the second voice message packet may be transmitted to the calling terminal 100 according to the sending policy indicated in the second opening notice, so that The amount of data transmitted from the access network device 110 to the calling terminal 100 is reduced, and the packet loss rate and time delay of the downlink data transmission of the calling terminal 100 are reduced.
  • the voice message packet can be directly transmitted to the calling terminal 100 through the access network device 110.
  • step 310 does not need to be executed; or, if the calling terminal 100 cannot decode the voice message packet received in step 309, then in step 310, the media processing network element 120 can encode the voice message packet as The second voice message packet, so that the calling terminal 100 can decode the second voice message packet.
  • steps 305 to 308 describe data transmission in the form of voice message packets in the uplink direction
  • steps 309 to 311 describe data transmission in the form of voice message packets in the downlink direction. Since the call-to-message function is turned on, data can be transmitted in the form of voice message packets in the corresponding direction. Therefore, steps 305 to 308 (uplink transmission) are performed after step 304 (uplink activation); steps 309 to 311 (downlink transmission) are performed after step 303 (downlink activation).
  • the timing relationship between uplink transmission and downlink transmission is not limited.
  • Steps 305 to 308 can also be executed after steps 309 to 311, or executed simultaneously with steps 309 to 311, and there is no limitation on steps 305 to 311.
  • the call-to-message function can be turned off, and the call between the calling terminal 100 and the called terminal 200 can be realized in the form of audio stream.
  • the process of turning off call-for-message is as follows:
  • the calling end 100 transmits third metric information to the access network device 110.
  • the calling end 100 may detect the third signal strength of the access network device 110 at the calling end 100, and transmit third measurement information for indicating the third signal strength to the access network device 110.
  • the third metric information and the third signal strength are used to determine whether to disable the call transfer message in the uplink direction.
  • the access network device 110 transmits the second shutdown notification to the media processing network element 120.
  • the access network device 110 may determine that the signal at the calling end 100 has returned to a normal level, so as to transmit a second shutdown notification to the media processing network element 120, the second shutdown notification is used to indicate
  • the media processing network element 120 transmits the call data in the downlink direction to the calling terminal 100 in the form of audio stream, so as to realize the call between the calling terminal 100 and the called terminal 200 .
  • the second closing notification may be an RTCP message.
  • the APP field of the RTCP message is extended:
  • STVM ⁇ application-dependent data ⁇ Close_SpeechtoVoiceMessage ⁇ . This field is used to indicate that the call-to-message function of the calling terminal 100 is disabled.
  • STVM and SpeechtoVoiceMessage both represent speech to voice message, that is, call to message.
  • the second closing notification closes the call-to-message function in the downlink data transmission direction of the calling terminal 100 .
  • the media processing network element 120 transmits the first shutdown notification to the calling end 100 by accessing the network device 110.
  • step 311 the second shutdown notification is transmitted to the media processing network element 120 , which ensures that the call-to-message function is disabled in the downlink data transmission direction of the calling terminal 100 . Since the uplink and downlink data can be normally transmitted in the form of audio stream when the signal returns to normal, it is also possible to disable the call-to-message function in the uplink data transmission direction.
  • the media processing network element 120 may transmit a first closing notification to the calling terminal 100 through the access network device, and the first closing notification is used to instruct the calling terminal 100 to pass audio In the form of a stream, the communication with the called terminal 200 is realized.
  • the first closing notification may be an RTCP packet.
  • the APP field of the RTCP message is extended:
  • STVM ⁇ application-dependent data ⁇ Close_SpeechtoVoiceMessage ⁇ . This field is used to indicate that the call-to-message function of the calling terminal 100 is disabled.
  • STVM and SpeechtoVoiceMessage both represent speech to voice message, that is, call to message.
  • the first shutdown notification is determined by the media processing network element 120 to send to the calling terminal 100 based on the second shutdown notification in the downlink direction, so as to also disable the call-to-message function in the uplink direction.
  • the transmission of the first shutdown notification may also be as follows: the access network device 110 receives fourth metric information from the calling terminal 100, and the fourth metric information is used to indicate that the access network device 110 is on the calling terminal 100 The fourth signal strength of . Based on the fourth signal strength being greater than the second threshold, the access network device 110 determines that the call-to-message function needs to be disabled in the uplink direction, and then transmits a first shutdown notification to the calling terminal 100 .
  • the closing of the uplink and downlink call-to-message functions can be performed uniformly.
  • the third measurement information and the fourth measurement information The information can be the same information.
  • the third metric information and the fourth metric information may also be different information, which is not limited here.
  • the calling terminal 100 transmits the first audio stream to the called terminal 200 by accessing the network device 110.
  • the calling terminal 100 learns that the call-to-message function is disabled in the uplink direction through the first shutdown notification, and then can transmit the first audio stream to the called terminal 200 by accessing the network device 110 .
  • the calling terminal 100 transmits the first audio stream to the media processing network element 220 (first media processing network element) by accessing the network device 110, and the media processing network element 220 transmits the first audio stream to the called terminal by accessing the network device 210.
  • the 200 transmits the first audio stream, so as to realize the transmission of the first audio stream from the calling end 100 to the called end 200 .
  • the called terminal 200 transmits the second audio stream to the calling terminal 100 by accessing the network device 210.
  • the media processing network element 120 learns that the call-to-message function is closed in the downlink direction through the second closing notification, and then the call data from the called terminal 200 can be converted into an audio stream form transmission. Specifically, the called terminal 200 transmits the second audio stream to the media processing network element 120 by accessing the network device 210 . Since the second audio stream is in the form of an audio stream, the media processing network element 120 does not need to perform other processing on the second audio stream, and the media processing network element 120 can transmit the second audio stream to the called terminal 200 by accessing the network device 210, The transmission of the second audio stream from the called terminal 200 to the calling terminal 100 is realized.
  • Step 313 is used to disable the call transfer message in the downlink direction, and step 316 means to transmit the call audio through the audio stream in the downlink direction; therefore, step 316 must be executed after step 313 .
  • Step 314 is used to disable the call forwarding message in the uplink direction, and step 315 means to transmit the call audio through the audio stream in the uplink direction; therefore, step 315 must be executed after step 314 .
  • the sequence between step 315 and step 316 is not limited, and step 316 may also be performed before or at the same time as step 315, which is not limited here.
  • step 312 to step 316 are optional steps. Steps 312 to 316 will be executed only when the signal of the calling terminal 100 returns to normal (greater than the second threshold).
  • the second threshold can be based on the relationship between signal strength and packet loss rate, in addition, it can also be based on the relationship between signal strength and call clarity, etc. It can be determined by other methods, which are not limited here.
  • the second threshold may depend on operator settings.
  • the second threshold may be the same as the first threshold, or may be other values, which are not limited here
  • the calling terminal 100 as the first communication terminal in FIG. 3 is only an example, and FIG. 3 does not limit the first communication terminal. If the terminal is the called terminal 200, the specific process in FIG. 3 is adaptively changed, and will not be repeated here.
  • the access network device may also provide channel resources for other communication devices, so the access network device can According to the signal strength at the terminal and the allocation of channel resources, turn on the call transfer message in due course.
  • the signal at the first call end is weak, and more channel resources cannot be allocated for the first call end, it can be determined to enable the call transfer message; if the signal strength at the first call end is weak, and it can be allocated for the first call end More channel resources (for example, other terminal devices connected to the access network device 110 disconnect from the access network device 100, so that the access network device 100 can allocate channel resources with the terminal device For other terminal devices), you can allocate more channel resources for the first call end, try to ensure that the first call end can realize the call through the form of audio stream, and the quality of the audio data received by the second call end through the audio stream is better it is good. In this way, the coordination between the reasonable allocation of channel resources and the guarantee of low call delay and low packet loss is realized.
  • the embodiment in FIG. 3 describes the method in which the access network device decides to enable the call-to-message function.
  • the method in which the first call terminal decides to enable the call-to-message function will be described.
  • the first call end opens the call-to-message function.
  • FIG. 4 still takes the calling terminal 100 as the first communication terminal as an example to describe actions performed by the first communication terminal and other devices. See Figure 4, the method includes:
  • the calling end 100 transmits a second opening notification to the media processing network element 120 by accessing the network device 110.
  • the access network device 110 may determine the signal difference at the calling terminal 100, so as to send the media processing
  • the network element 120 transmits the second opening notification, and the second opening notification is used to instruct the media processing network element 120 to transmit the call data in the downlink direction to the calling terminal 100 in the form of a voice message packet, so as to realize the connection between the calling terminal 100 and the called terminal 100. Calls between endpoints 200.
  • step 303 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the calling terminal 100 encodes the first call audio collected in real time into a first voice message packet.
  • the calling end 100 transmits the first voice message packet to the media processing network element 220 by accessing the network device 110 .
  • the media processing network element 220 encodes the first voice message packet into an audio stream.
  • the media processing network element 220 transmits the audio stream to the called end 200 by accessing the network device 210.
  • steps 403 to 406 refer to steps 202 to 205 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the calling terminal 100 may encode the first voice message packet according to the coding strategy determined by the calling terminal 100.
  • the calling terminal 100 may transmit the first voice message packet to the access network device 110 according to the sending strategy determined by the calling terminal 100, thereby reducing the transmission rate from the calling terminal 100 to the access network device 110. reduce the packet loss rate and delay of the calling end 100's uplink data transmission.
  • the called end 200 transmits the audio stream to the media processing network element 120 by accessing the network device 210.
  • the media processing network element 120 encodes the audio stream into a second voice message packet.
  • the media processing network element 120 transmits the second voice message packet to the calling terminal 100 by accessing the network device 110.
  • steps 407 to 409 refer to steps 309 to 311 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the second voice message packet may be obtained by encoding according to the encoding strategy indicated in the first enabling notification.
  • the second voice message packet may be transmitted to the calling terminal 100 according to the sending strategy indicated in the second enabling notification.
  • steps 403 to 406 describe data transmission in the form of voice message packets in the uplink direction
  • steps 407 to 409 describe data transmission in the form of voice message packets in the downlink direction. Since the call-to-message function is turned on, data can be transmitted in the form of voice message packets in the corresponding direction. Therefore, steps 403 to 406 (uplink transmission) can be performed before, at the same time or after step 402 .
  • the premise before or at the same time of step 402 is that the calling terminal 100 has determined the signal difference of the access network device 110 at the calling terminal 100 .
  • Steps 407 to 409 are executed after step 402 (downlink start).
  • Steps 403 to 406 can also be executed after steps 407 to 409, or executed simultaneously with steps 407 to 409, and steps 403 to 409 are not limited.
  • the call-to-message function can be turned off, and the call between the calling terminal 100 and the called terminal 200 can be realized in the form of audio stream.
  • the process of turning off call-for-message is as follows:
  • the calling end 100 transmits the second shutdown notification to the media processing network element 120 by accessing the network device 110.
  • the access network device 110 may determine the signal difference at the calling terminal 100, so as to send the media processing
  • the network element 120 transmits the second closing notification, and the second closing notification is used to instruct the media processing network element 120 to transmit the call data in the downlink direction to the calling terminal 100 in the form of an audio stream, so as to realize the connection between the calling terminal 100 and the called terminal. 200 calls between.
  • step 313 For the form and content of the second closing notification, refer to step 313 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 , and details will not be repeated here.
  • the calling terminal 100 transmits the first audio stream to the called terminal 200 by accessing the network device 110.
  • the calling terminal 100 When the calling terminal 100 determines that the signal strength of the access network device 110 at the calling terminal 100 is greater than the second threshold, it may determine that the signal strength of the calling terminal 100 has returned to a normal level, and may report to the called party in the form of an audio stream.
  • the terminal 200 transmits call audio data.
  • the calling terminal 100 can transmit the first audio stream to the called terminal 200 by accessing the network device 110 .
  • the network device 110 For the specific process, refer to step 315 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the called terminal 200 transmits the second audio stream to the calling terminal 100 by accessing the network device 210.
  • step 410 the media processing network element 120 (the second media processing network element) learns that the call-to-message function is closed in the downlink direction through the second closing notification, and then the call data from the called terminal 200 can be converted into an audio stream form transmission.
  • the media processing network element 120 learns that the call-to-message function is closed in the downlink direction through the second closing notification, and then the call data from the called terminal 200 can be converted into an audio stream form transmission.
  • step 315 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 , which will not be repeated here.
  • Step 410 is used for disabling the call forwarding message in the downlink direction, and step 412 means transmitting the call audio through the audio stream in the downlink direction; therefore, step 412 must be performed after step 410 .
  • Step 411 represents transmitting call audio through an audio stream in the uplink direction; it only needs to be executed after the signal strength of the access network device 110 at the calling end 100 is greater than the second threshold.
  • the sequence between step 411 and step 412 is not limited, and step 412 may also be performed before or at the same time as step 411, which is not limited here.
  • step 410 to step 412 are optional steps. Steps 410 to 412 will be executed only when the signal of the calling terminal 100 returns to normal (greater than the second threshold).
  • the second threshold can be based on the relationship between signal strength and packet loss rate, in addition, it can also be based on the relationship between signal strength and call clarity, etc. It can be determined by other methods, which are not limited here.
  • the second threshold may depend on operator settings.
  • the second threshold may be the same as the first threshold, or may be other values, which are not limited here.
  • the calling terminal 100 as the first communication terminal in FIG. 4 is only an example, and FIG. 4 does not limit the first communication terminal. If the terminal is the called terminal 200, the specific process in FIG. 4 is adaptively changed, and details are not repeated here.
  • the access network device may notify the media processing network element to implement the call between the first call end and the second call end in the form of voice message packets through the second opening notification.
  • voice message packets in the downlink direction from the media processing network element to the first call end, the amount of data in the downlink direction is reduced.
  • the probability of packet loss can be reduced, and the Delay, so as to ensure the quality and real-time performance of the call in the downlink direction on the side of the first call end.
  • step 201 in FIG. 2 step 301 in FIG. 3, and step 401 in FIG. 4, they all just generally talk about establishing a call between the calling terminal 100 and the called terminal 200, and do not describe in detail the process of establishing a call. process.
  • step 301 in FIG. 3 it is necessary to determine whether the terminal supports call-to-message during the call establishment process.
  • the call establishment process provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to FIG. 5 .
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 can be regarded as an extension of steps 201 , 301 and 401 .
  • the method for establishing a call includes:
  • the access network device 110 transmits a metric control request to the calling end 100.
  • the access network device 110 can transmit a measurement control request to the calling end 100 to obtain the signal strength of the access network device 110 at the calling end 100 .
  • the calling end 100 reports the measurement result to the access network device 110.
  • the calling terminal 100 can report the measurement result to the access network device 110 , and the measurement result is used to indicate the signal strength of the access network device 110 at the calling terminal 100 .
  • the calling end 100 transmits a session establishment request to the session processing network element 300 by accessing the network device 110 .
  • the calling terminal 100 may transmit a session establishment request to the session processing network element 300 by accessing the network device 110 .
  • the session establishment request may be used to indicate that the calling terminal 100 supports call transfer messages.
  • the session establishment request may be an SDP request.
  • the SDP message is extended:
  • the session processing network element 300 transmits the session establishment request to the called terminal 200 by accessing the network device 210.
  • the session processing network element 300 can transmit the session establishment request to the called terminal 200 by accessing the network device 210, so as to establish a session between the calling terminal 100 and the called terminal 200. call.
  • the session processing network element 300 transmits the media control request to the media processing network element 120.
  • the session establishment request received by the session processing network element 300 indicates that the calling terminal 100 supports the call-to-message function. Therefore, the session processing network element 300 may transmit a media control request to the media processing network element 120, and the media control request is used to indicate that the calling terminal 100 supports the call-to-message function.
  • the media processing network element 120 transmits the media control request to the access network device 110.
  • the media processing network element 120 may transmit the media control request to the access network device 110, indicating that the calling terminal 100 supports the call-to-message function.
  • the access network device 110 does not need to know that the calling terminal 100 supports call-to-message transfer. In this case, the steps 506 may not be executed.
  • the session establishment request in step 503 may indicate the encoding mode supported by the calling terminal 100 .
  • 505 and 506 (optional) and the media control request may also indicate the encoding mode supported by the calling terminal 100 .
  • the media processing network element can encode the audio stream from the called terminal 200 or the voice message packet that the calling terminal 100 cannot decode according to the encoding method described above. , so that the obtained voice message packet can be decoded by the calling terminal 100 .
  • the called terminal 200 transmits a session establishment response to the calling terminal by accessing the network device 210.
  • the called terminal 200 may transmit a session establishment response to the calling terminal by accessing the network device 210 .
  • the called terminal 200 may also notify the media processing network element 220 and/or intervening network device 210, and the called terminal The 200 supports the call-to-message function. That is to say, after step 504, the called terminal side may also correspond to steps 505 and 506, and transmit a media control request to the media processing network element 220 and/or the intervening network device 210 on the called terminal side, instructing the called terminal 200 Support call to message function. Similar to the media control request at the calling terminal side, the media control request at the called terminal side may also indicate the encoding mode supported by the called terminal 200 .
  • the media processing network element can encode the audio stream from the calling terminal 100 or the voice message packet that the called terminal 200 cannot decode according to the encoding method through the aforementioned encoding method, The obtained voice message packet can be decoded by the called terminal 200 .
  • the calling terminal side includes the calling terminal 100, the access network device 110, and the media processing network element 120;
  • the called terminal side includes the called terminal 200, the access network device 210, and the media processing network element 220 .
  • the calling terminal can When both the call-to-message are turned on on the called side and the called side, the calling side 100 is made to encode the call audio data through the coding method supported by the called side 200, and the called side 200 is made to encode the call audio data through the coding method supported by the calling side 100.
  • Audio data in the IMS network, from the calling end 100 to the called end 200, or from the called end 200 to the calling end 100, there is no need for media processing network elements to encode voice message packets, two The voice message packets received by the terminal can be directly decoded. The processing flow of the media processing network element is saved, and the delay of data transmission is also reduced.
  • the encoding mode of the calling terminal 100 and the called terminal 200 can be negotiated by means of an SDP offer/answer message.
  • the SDP offer message can carry the set of encoding methods supported by the calling end 100.
  • the called end 200 can collect the encoding methods supported by the calling end 100.
  • the set Select the encoding method supported by the called end, so as to determine the set of encoding methods supported by both ends.
  • the aforementioned SDP offer message may be the session establishment request message sent in steps 503 and 504, and the aforementioned SDP answer message may be the session establishment response message transmitted in step 507.
  • Figure 3 and Figure 4 describe the data transmission method in the case of a poor signal at the first communication terminal, if the signals at the first communication terminal and the second communication terminal are poor, then the method shown in Figure 7 can be used to realize the communication between the first communication terminal and the second communication terminal. A call between the second call end.
  • the data transmission method includes:
  • step 701 refer to the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the calling end 100 transmits the first metric information to the access network device 110.
  • the access network device 110 transmits the second enabling notification to the media processing network element 120.
  • the media processing network element 120 transmits the first activation notification to the calling end 100 by accessing the network device 110.
  • the calling terminal 100 encodes the first call audio collected in real time into a first voice message packet.
  • the calling end 100 transmits the first voice message packet to the media processing network element 220 by accessing the network device 110.
  • steps 702 to 706 refer to steps 302 to 306 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the media processing network element 220 determines that the called terminal 200 has enabled the call transfer message.
  • the media processing network element 220 is a media processing network element at the called end side, and is also referred to as a first media processing network element in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the media processing network element 120 (second media processing network element) at the calling end side is described, and the calling party is determined according to the second opening notification.
  • Terminal 100 starts the call-to-message process. Therefore, the media processing network element 220 may also determine that the called terminal 200 has enabled the call forwarding message according to a similar enabling notification. For details, refer to step 303 or step 402 , which will not be repeated here.
  • steps 702 to 704 describe the process in which the calling terminal 100 and the media processing network element 120 determine that the calling terminal side starts the call transfer message; wherein, in steps 702 to 704, the access network device decides to start the call Forward message.
  • Steps 702 to 704 can also be replaced by step 402 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 . In the replaced solution, it is up to the calling terminal 100 to enable the call transfer message on the calling terminal side.
  • the call transfer message on the calling end side can be decided by any one of the calling end 100 or the access network device 110; the call transfer message on the called end side can also be decided by the called end 200 or the access network
  • the device 210 decides who decides to turn on both sides.
  • Four schemes can be arranged and combined, which are not limited here.
  • step 707 can occur before or at the same time as any step in steps 702 to 706, as long as it is after step 701 , is not limited here.
  • the media processing network element 220 determines the type of the first voice message packet according to the packet header of the first voice message packet.
  • the media processing network element 220 determines that the called terminal 200 has enabled call transfer to message, then it needs to ensure that the data transmitted to the called terminal 200 is in the form of a voice message packet.
  • the packet header of the first voice message packet may indicate that the first voice message packet is a voice message packet.
  • the media processing network element 220 can determine that the received first voice message packet is a voice message packet according to the packet header, and in step 709, can transmit the first voice message packet to the called terminal by accessing the network device 210 200.
  • the packet header of the first voice message packet indicates that the first voice message packet is not a voice message packet (for example, an audio stream), then it is a case of unilaterally opening a call transfer message and receiving a non-voice message packet.
  • the processing flow is shown in FIG. 3 Steps 310 and 311 in the embodiment shown or steps 408 and 409 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 will not be repeated here.
  • the packet header of the first voice message packet may also indicate the coding mode of the first voice message packet.
  • the first voice message package may be transmitted in the form of an RTP message.
  • the header PT (payload type) of the RPT header can be extended, and the header PT field can be used to indicate that the message is a voice message packet and the encoding method of the voice message packet.
  • the media processing network element 220 can know the coding method supported by the called terminal 200, then the media processing network element 220 can determine the first voice message packet Whether the called end 200 supports decoding of the encoding method. If it is supported, then in step 709, the first voice message packet can be transmitted to the called terminal 200 by accessing the network device 210; The voice message packet is transcoded into a format that the called terminal 200 can decode, and in step 709 , the transcoded first voice message packet is transmitted to the called terminal 200 .
  • the media processing network element 220 transmits the first voice message packet to the called terminal 200 by accessing the network device 210.
  • the media processing network element 220 can transmit the first voice message packet to the called terminal 200 by accessing the network device 210 .
  • the called end 200 transmits the second voice message packet to the media processing network element 120 by accessing the network device 210.
  • the media processing network element 120 determines the type of the second voice message packet according to the packet header of the second voice message packet.
  • the media processing network element 120 transmits the second voice message packet to the calling end 100 by accessing the network device 110.
  • Steps 706, 708 and 709 describe the transmission process of call audio from calling terminal 100 to called terminal 200; The transmission process in the direction to the called terminal 200 is similar and will not be repeated here.
  • Steps 702 to 712 describe that in the case that the calling terminal 100 and the called terminal 200 have poor signals, turn on the call transfer message, and implement the communication between the calling terminal 100 and the called terminal 200 in the form of voice message packets. process. If the signal of the calling terminal 100 and/or the called terminal 200 returns to a normal level, then the call-to-message transfer can be turned off at the corresponding terminal, and the conversation can be made in the form of audio stream.
  • steps 312 to 316 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 or steps 410 to 412 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 and details are not repeated here.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides the structures of communication devices such as access network equipment and the first communication terminal, as well as the structures of communication systems and related software products, etc., which will be described separately next.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an access network device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the access network device 800 includes:
  • the processor 801 is configured to: process and obtain data transmitted by the transceiver, and/or, process data received by the transceiver;
  • the transceiver 802 is used to: establish a call between the first call end and the second call end through the IP multimedia subsystem IMS network; receive the first voice message packet from the first call end, and the first voice message packet is the first call.
  • the terminal determines that the first signal strength is less than the first threshold, and the first signal strength is the signal strength of the access network device at the first communication terminal; transmits the first voice message packet to the first media processing network element to pass the first The media processing network element realizes the call between the first call end and the second call end.
  • the access network device 800 is configured to implement the data transmission method in the embodiments shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 7 .
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the first communication terminal provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the first communication terminal 900 includes:
  • the processor 901 is configured to: process and obtain data transmitted by the transceiver, and/or, process data received by the transceiver;
  • the transceiver 902 is configured to: establish a call with the second call end through the IP Multimedia Subsystem IMS network; determine that the first signal strength of the connected access network device is less than the first threshold, and then perform the real-time collection of the first signal strength A call audio is encoded to obtain a first voice message packet; through accessing network equipment, the first voice message packet is transmitted to the first media processing network element, so as to realize the first call end and the second call end through the first media processing network element between calls.
  • the first communication terminal 900 is used to implement the data transmission method in the embodiments shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 7 .
  • the communication device in this embodiment of the application may also have the following structure:
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device 1000, which is used to implement the functions of accessing the network device and the first communication terminal in the above method, that is, the calling terminal 100, the called terminal 200, and the accessing network device 110 Or access the function of the network device 210 .
  • the communication device may be the access network device or the first communication terminal, or a device in the access network device or the first communication terminal, or a device that can be matched with the access network device or the first communication terminal.
  • the communication device 1000 may be a system on a chip.
  • the system-on-a-chip may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the communication device 1000 includes at least one processor 1010, configured to implement a function of accessing a network device or a first call terminal in the method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 1000 may also include a communication interface 1020 .
  • the communication interface 1020 may be a transceiver, a circuit, a bus, a module or other types of communication interfaces, and is used for communicating with other devices through a transmission medium.
  • the communication interface 1020 is used for devices in the communication device 1000 to communicate with other devices.
  • the processor 1010 may perform the functions performed by the processor 801 in the access network device 800 ; the communication interface 1020 may be used to perform the functions performed by the transceiver 802 in the access network device 800 .
  • the processor 1010 is used to process the data transmitted by the communication interface 1020, and/or process the data received by the communication interface 1020; the communication interface 1020 is used to: establish a call between the first call end and the second call end through the IP Multimedia Subsystem IMS network; receive a first voice message packet from the first call end, and the first voice message packet is determined for the first call end Sent after the first signal strength is less than the first threshold, the first signal strength is the signal strength of the access network device at the first call end; transmit the first voice message packet to the first media processing network element, so as to pass the first media processing The network element implements the call between the first call end and the second call end.
  • the processor 1010 is used to: process the data transmitted by the communication interface 1020, and/or process the data received by the communication interface 1020;
  • the interface 1020 is used to: establish a call with the second call end through the IP Multimedia Subsystem IMS network; determine that the first signal strength of the connected access network device is less than the first threshold, and then perform the real-time collection of the first
  • the conversation audio is encoded to obtain the first voice message packet; by accessing the network device, the first voice message packet is transmitted to the first media processing network element, so as to realize the connection between the first call end and the second call end through the first media processing network element between calls.
  • the communication interface 1020 is also used to perform other receiving or sending steps or operations performed by the access network device or the first call end in the above method embodiments.
  • the processor 1010 may also be configured to perform other corresponding steps or operations performed by the access network device or the first communication terminal in the above-mentioned method embodiments except sending and receiving, which will not be repeated here.
  • the communication device 1000 may also include at least one memory 1030 for storing program instructions and/or data.
  • the memory 1030 is coupled to the processor 1010 .
  • the coupling in the embodiments of the present application is an indirect coupling or a communication connection between devices, units or modules, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms, and is used for information exchange between devices, units or modules.
  • Processor 1020 may cooperate with memory 1030 .
  • Processor 1010 may execute program instructions stored in memory 1030 .
  • at least one of the at least one memory may be integrated with the processor.
  • the memory 1030 is located outside the communication device 1000 .
  • a specific connection medium among the communication interface 1020, the processor 1010, and the memory 1030 is not limited.
  • the memory 1030, the processor 1010, and the communication interface 1020 are connected through the bus 1040.
  • the bus is represented by a thick line in FIG. 10, and the connection mode between other components is only for schematic illustration. , is not limited.
  • the bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus and so on. For ease of representation, only one thick line is used in FIG. 10 , but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • the processor 1010 can be one or more central processing units (Central Processing Unit, CPU), and in the case where the processor 1010 is a CPU, the CPU can be a single-core CPU or a multi-core CPU .
  • the processor 1010 may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component, and may implement or execute the The disclosed methods, steps and logical block diagrams.
  • a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the methods disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • the memory 1030 may include but not limited to hard disk (hard disk drive, HDD) or solid-state drive (solid-state drive, SSD) and other non-volatile memory, random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) , Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), Read-Only Memory (ROM) or Portable Read-Only Memory (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory, CD-ROM), etc.
  • a memory is, but is not limited to, any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer.
  • the memory in the embodiment of the present application may also be a circuit or any other device capable of implementing a storage function, and is used for storing program instructions and/or data.
  • the communication device in this embodiment of the application may also have the following structure:
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device 1100, which can be used to implement the function of accessing the network device or the first communication terminal in the above method.
  • the communication device 1100 can be a chip.
  • the communication device includes:
  • the input-output interface 1110 may be an input-output circuit, and may also be called a communication interface.
  • the logic circuit 1120 may be a signal processor, a chip, or other integrated circuits that can implement the method of the present application.
  • At least one input and output interface 1110 is used for input or output of signals or data.
  • the input and output interface 1110 is used for communicating with the first communication terminal.
  • the input and output interface 1110 is used to communicate with the access network equipment.
  • the logic circuit 1120 is configured to execute some or all steps of any method provided in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the logic circuit may implement the functions implemented by the processor 801 in the access network device 800 or the processor 901 in the first communication terminal 900 described above.
  • the apparatus when the apparatus is an access network device or is used for accessing a network device, it is used to execute the steps performed by the access network device in various possible implementation manners in the above method embodiments, for example, the logic circuit 1120 is used to Turn on the call-to-message function.
  • the device When the device is the first communication terminal or is used for the first communication terminal, it is used to execute the steps performed by the first communication terminal (calling terminal/called terminal) in various possible implementation methods in the above method embodiments, for example
  • the logic circuit 1120 is used to realize the conversation with the opposite end through the voice message packet.
  • the terminal chip When the above communication device is a chip applied to access network equipment, the terminal chip implements the function of access network equipment in the above method embodiment.
  • the terminal chip receives information from other modules in the terminal (such as radio frequency modules or antennas), and the information is sent to the access network device by the first communication terminal or media processing network element; or, the terminal chip sends information to the first communication terminal or Other modules in the media processing network element (such as radio frequency modules or antennas) send information, and the information is sent by the access network device to the first communication terminal or the media processing network element.
  • the first communication terminal chip implements the functions of the first communication terminal in the above method embodiment.
  • the first call end chip receives information from other modules (such as radio frequency modules or antennas) in the first call end, and the information is sent to the first call end by access network equipment or media processing network elements; or, the first call end
  • the terminal chip sends information to other modules (such as radio frequency modules or antennas) in the first communication terminal, and the information is sent by the first communication terminal to access network equipment or media processing network elements.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by hardware (such as a processor, etc.) to Implement some or all steps of any method executed by any device in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product including program instructions, when the computer program product is run on a computer, the computer is made to execute any one of the above aspects. Some or all steps of a method.
  • the present application further provides a chip or a chip system, where the chip may include a processor.
  • the chip may also include memory (or storage module) and/or transceiver (or communication module), or, the chip is coupled with memory (or storage module) and/or transceiver (or communication module), wherein the transceiver ( or communication module) can be used to support the chip for wired and/or wireless communication, and the memory (or storage module) can be used to store a program, and the processor can call the program to implement any of the above method embodiments and method embodiments.
  • the system-on-a-chip may include the above-mentioned chips, and may also include the above-mentioned chips and other discrete devices, such as memory (or storage module) and/or transceiver (or communication module).
  • the present application further provides a communication system, which may include at least one of the above first communication terminal and access network device.
  • the communication system may be used to implement the operations performed by the terminal or the network device in any of the foregoing method embodiments and any possible implementation manners of the method embodiments.
  • the communication system may have a structure as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the disclosed system, device and method can be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components can be combined or May be integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, each unit may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.
  • the integrated unit is realized in the form of a software function unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application is essentially or part of the contribution to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium , including several instructions to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), random access memory (random access memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disc and other media that can store program codes. .

Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种数据传输方法和相关设备，用于在通信环境差的情况下，实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话。本申请实施例方法包括：接入网络设备通过IMS网络，建立第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话；接入网络设备接收来自第一通话端的第一语音消息包，第一语音消息包为第一通话端确定第一信号强度小于第一阈值后发出的，第一信号强度为接入网络设备在第一通话端的信号强度大小；接入网络设备向媒体处理网元传输第一语音消息包，以通过媒体处理网元实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话。

Description

一种数据传输方法和相关设备
本申请要求于2021年6月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为CN202110731229.2、发明名称为“一种数据传输方法和相关设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及通信领域，尤其涉及一种数据传输方法和相关设备。
背景技术
在终端间进行实时通话的过程中，为了保证通话话音的质量，需要通过实时通话的编码方式，将终端实时采集到的通话音频实时编码成音频流，再通过无线通信系统将音频流传送给通话对端。若无线通信系统的通信环境差，分配给终端用于传输音频流的信道带宽就会比较低。由于信道的带宽过低，在音频流的传输过程中，会出现丢包率高、时延长等现象，影响通话音频的传输。
在一种数据传输方法中，使终端通过极低码率的编码方式编码通话音频，使得得到的音频流的数据量，小于上述实时通话的编码方式编码得到的音频流的数据量。通过上述较低带宽的信道，传输数据量更小的音频流，就不容易出现丢包率高、时延长等现象，保证了通话音频的顺利传输。
然而，极低码率的大小也有下限，若终端的通信环境极差，传输极低码率的音频流，也会出现丢包率高、时延长等现象，影响通话音频的传输。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种数据传输方法和相关设备，用于在第一通话端信号差的情况下，实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话。
本申请实施例第一方面提供了一种数据传输方法，该方法应用于接入网络设备，该方法包括：
接入网络设备通过IP多媒体子系统(IP multimedia subsystem，IMS)网络，建立第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话；建立通话之后，接入网络设备可以接收来自第一通话端的第一语音消息包，第一语音消息包为第一通话端确定第一信号强度小于第一阈值后发出的，其中，第一信号强度为接入网络设备在第一通话端的信号强度大小；接收到第一语音消息包，接入网络设备就可以向第一媒体处理网元传输第一语音消息包，以通过第一媒体处理网元实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话。其中，第一媒体处理网元为第二通话端那一侧的媒体处理网元。
在本申请实施例中，第一通话端通过接入网络设备实现与第二通话端之间的通话，若第一信号强度小于第一阈值，表示接入网络设备与第一通话端之间的信号弱，则在第一通话端与接入网络设备之间传输通话所需的音频流，容易出现丢包率高、时延长等现象。本申请实施例中，接入网络设备接收来自第一通话端的第一语音消息包，通过第一语音消息 包实现第一通话端的音频数据向第二通话端的传输。由于语音消息包的数据量远小于音频流，在接入网络设备与第一通话端之间信号弱的情况下，相较于通过音频流传输音频数据，传输语音消息包可以降低丢包的概率，也可以降低时延，从而保证第一通话端与第二通话端之间通话的质量和实时性。
在本申请实施例中，可以开启通话转消息的功能，通过接入网络设备，在第一通话端与媒体处理网元之间传输语音消息包，从而通过语音消息包实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话。
在一种可选的实施方式中，可以由接入网络设备确定开启通话转消息的功能。具体的，在接入网络设备接收来自第一通话端的第一语音消息包之前，该方法还可以包括：接入网络设备可以接收来自第一通话端的第一度量信息，其中，第一度量信息用于指示接入网络设备在第一通话端的第一信号强度；基于第一信号强度小于第一阈值，接入网络设备可以向第一通话端传输第一开启通知，第一开启通知用于指示第一通话端通过语音消息包的形式，实现与第二通话端之间的通话。其中，第二媒体处理网元为第一通话端那一侧的媒体处理网元。
在本申请实施例中，接入网络设备可以根据第一信号强度小于第一阈值，确定接入网络设备在第一通话端的信号弱，从而决定开启通话转消息，并向第一通话端发送第一开启通知，以通知第一通话端开启通话转消息。接入网络设备除了为第一通话端提供信道资源以实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话，还可能为其他的通信设备提供信道资源，因此接入网络设备可以根据第一通话端处的信号强度，以及信道资源的分配情况，适时开启通话转消息。若第一通话端处的信号弱，且无法为第一通话端分配更多的信道资源，可以确定开启通话转消息；若第一通话端处的信号强度弱，且可以为第一通话端分配更多的信道资源，则可以为第一通话端分配更多的信道资源，尽量保证第一通话端可以通过音频流的形式实现通话，第二通话端通过音频流所接收的音频数据的质量更好。通过这种方式，实现对信道资源合理分配，与保证通话低时延低丢包，之间的协调。
在一种可选的实施方式中，除了接收来自第一通话端的第一语音消息包，接入网络设备还可以向第一通话端传输语音消息包。具体的，接入网络设备可以接收来自第一通话端的第二度量信息，其中，第二度量信息用于指示接入网络设备在第一通话端的第二信号强度；基于第二信号强度小于第一阈值，接入网络设备可以向第二媒体处理网元传输第二开启通知，其中，第二开启通知用于指示第二媒体处理网元通过语音消息包的形式，实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话；向第二媒体处理网元传输第二开启通知后，接入网络设备就可以接收来自第二媒体处理网元的第二语音消息包，并向第一通话端传输第二语音消息包，从而实现语音消息包从媒体处理网元到第一通话端的传输。
在本申请实施例中，第二度量信息可以与第一度量信息是同一个信息，也可以不是同一个信息，此处不做限定。
在本申请实施例中，接入网络设备可以通过第二开启通知，通知媒体处理网元通过语音消息包的形式实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话。通过从媒体处理网元到第一通话端的下行方向上，传输语音消息包，减小了下行方向上的数据量，相较于在下行方向传 输音频流，可以降低丢包的概率，也可以降低时延，从而保证在第一通话端侧下行方向上的，通话的质量和实时性。
在一种可选的实施方式中，除了由接入网络设备确定开启通话转消息，还可以由第一通话端来决定开启通话转消息。具体的，接入网络设备可以接收来自第一通话端的第二开启通知，第二开启通知用于指示第二媒体处理网元通过语音消息包的形式，实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话；接收到第二开启通知，接入网络设备就可以向第二媒体处理网元传输第二开启通知；向第二媒体处理网元传输第二开启通知后，接入网络设备可以接收来自第二媒体处理网元的第二语音消息包，并向第一通话端传输第二语音消息包，从而实现语音消息包从第二媒体处理网元到第一通话端的传输。
在本申请实施例中，由于第一通话端可以实时检测接入网络设备在第一通话端的信号强度，因此由第一通话端来决定开启通话转消息，不需要向其他设备发送度量结果，以及接收开启通知，减少了第一通话端开启通话转消息的流程，可以及时相应于信号强度，确定开启通话转消息，提升了数据传输方式(音频流或语音消息包)变化对信号强度变化的反馈速度。
在一种可选的实施方式中，第一开启通知或第二开启通知不仅用于指示开启通话转消息功能，还可以用于指示语音消息包的编码和/或传输方式。具体的，第一开启通知和/或第二开启通知中的每一个，都可以包括：分片大小标识、分片间隔标识、分片发送速率标识和编码方式标识中的至少一项；其中，分片大小标识用于指示，语音消息包传输的分片大小；分片间隔标识用于指示，语音消息包传输的分片间隔；分片发送速率标识用于指示，语音消息包传输的分片发送速率；编码方式标识用于指示，以目标编码方式编码得到语音消息包。
接下来以第一开启通知为例，讲述第一/第二开启通知中带有用于指示语音消息包的编码策略或发送策略的标识，的有益效果。在本申请实施例中，第一开启通知中带有用于指示语音消息包的编码策略或发送策略的标识，第一通话端接收到第一开启通知，不仅可以获知上行方向需要以语音消息包的形式传输数据，还可以获知以怎样的编码方式和/或发送策略传输语音消息包，不需要通过额外的方式获取上述编码方式和/或发送策略，降低了流程的复杂度和时延。第二开启通知中带有标识的有益效果以此类推。此处不再赘述。
在一种可选的实施方式中，若接入网络设备在第一通话端的通信环境变好，还可以恢复通过音频流形式，实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话。也就是说，可以在通信环境变好的情况下关闭通话转消息功能。具体的，在接入网络设备接收来自第一通话端的第一语音消息包之后，该方法还可以包括：接入网络设备可以接收来自第一通话端的第一音频流，其中，第一音频流为第一通话端确定第三信号强度大于第二阈值后发出的，第三信号强度为接入网络设备在第一通话端的信号强度大小；接收到第一音频流，接入网络设备就可以向第一媒体处理网元传输第一音频流，以通过第一媒体处理网元实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话。
在本申请实施例中，第一通话端与第二通话端之间的音频数据，在通信资源差的情况下，可以通过语音消息包的形式传输。当通信资源变好，在第一通话端与媒体处理网元之 间传输音频流不会出现时延长、丢包率高等现象，则可以关闭通话转消息功能，通过音频流的形式传输第一通话端与第二通话端之间的音频数据。相较于语音消息包，音频流的数据量更大，能反映出音频数据的更多信息，通话的音质等会有所提升，通话质量会更好。
在一种可选的实现方式中，可以由接入网络设备决定关闭通话转消息功能。具体的，在接入网络设备接收来自第一通话端的第一音频流之前，该方法还可以包括：接入网络设备可以接收来自第一通话端的第三度量信息，其中，第三度量信息用于指示接入网络设备在第一通话端的第三信号强度；基于第三信号强度大于第二阈值，接入网络设备可以向第一通话端传输第一关闭通知，第一关闭通知用于指示第一通话端通过音频流的形式，实现与第二通话端之间的通话。
在本申请实施例中，由接入网络设备来决定关闭通话转消息，接入网络设备可以基于在第一通话端处的信号强度，为第一通话端合理分配信道资源，从而合理确定关闭通话转消息的时机。例如，若第三信号强度大于第二阈值，但是有优先级更高的通信设备请求接入，此时需要优先为该通信设备分配信道资源，则第一通话端的信道资源可能发生变化，此时可以先不关闭通话转消息，等到第一通话端的信道资源趋于稳定后再确定是否关闭，可以防止第一通话端频繁切换数据传输方式，以减小信令数据的传输量和各设备的运算量。
在一种可选的实现方式中，接入网设备还可以在下行方向上，决定关闭通话转消息。具体的，在接入网络设备接收来自第一通话端的第一语音消息包之后，该方法还可以包括：接入网设备可以接收来自第一通话端的第四度量信息，其中，第四度量信息用于指示接入网络设备在第一通话端的第四信号强度；基于第四信号强度大于第二阈值，接入网设备可以向第二媒体处理网元传输第二关闭通知，其中，第二关闭通知用于指示第二媒体处理网元通过音频流的形式，实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话；向第二媒体处理网元传输第二关闭通知之后，接入网设备可以接收来自第二媒体处理网元的第二音频流，并向第一通话端传输第二音频流，从而在下行方向上，通过音频流实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话。
在本申请实施例中，接入网络设备可以通过第二关闭通知，通知第二媒体处理网元通过音频流的形式实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话。通过从第二媒体处理网元到第一通话端的下行方向上，传输音频流，可以在下行方向上，实现对通话音质等的提升，从而提升第一通话端的通话质量。
在一种可选的实现方式中，可以由第一通话端来决定关闭通话转消息功能。具体的，在接入网络设备接收来自第一通话端的第一语音消息包之后，该方法还可以包括：接入网络设备可以接收来自第一通话端的第二关闭通知，其中，第二关闭通知用于指示第二媒体处理网元通过音频流的形式，实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话；接入网络设备可以向第二媒体处理网元传输第二关闭通知；向第二媒体网络设备传输第二关闭通知之后，接入网络设备可以接收来自第二媒体处理网元的第二音频流，并向第一通话端传输第二音频流。
在本申请实施例中，由于第一通话端可以实时检测接入网络设备在第一通话端的信号强度，因此由第一通话端来决定关闭通话转消息，不需要向其他设备发送度量结果，以及 接收关闭通知，减少了第一通话端关闭通话转消息的流程，可以及时相应于信号强度，确定关闭通话转消息，提升了数据传输方式(音频流或语音消息包)变化对信号强度变化的反馈速度。
在一种可选的实现方式中，还可以通过换档指示，改变第一通话端与媒体处理网元之间的语音消息包的发送策略。具体的，在接收来自第一通话端的第一语音消息包的步骤之前，该方法还可以包括：向第一通话端传输第一换档指示，其中，第一换档指示用于指示第一通话端在第一换档时间改变发送策略，通过第一发送策略传输语音消息包；接收来自第一通话端的第一语音消息包的步骤，具体可以包括：接收来自第一通话端的，通过第一发送策略传输的第一语音消息包；通过第一发送策略，向第一媒体处理网元传输第一语音消息包。
在一种可选的实现方式中，还可以通过换档指示，改变第一通话端与媒体处理网元之间的语音消息包的发送策略。具体的，在接收来自第二媒体处理网元的第二语音消息包的步骤之前，该方法还包可以包括：接收来自第一通话端的第二换档指示，其中，第二换档指示用于指示第二媒体处理网元在第二标换档时间改变发送策略，通过第二发送策略传输语音消息包；接收来自第二媒体处理网元的第二语音消息包的步骤，具体可以包括：接收来自第二媒体处理网元的，通过第二发送策略传输的第二语音消息包；向所述第一通话端传输第二语音消息包的步骤，具体可以包括：通过第二发送策略，向第一通话端传输第二语音消息包。
在本申请实施例中，可以基于接入网络设备在第一通话端处的信号强度的改变，通过换档提示，调整语音消息包的发送策略，例如可以改变语音消息包的发送速率等，以达到适配相应信号强度(通信环境)的效果。在信号强度相对较强的情况下，以较高的传输速率传输语音消息包，从而提升语音消息包所传输音频数据的质量；在信号强度相对较弱的情况下，以较低的传输速率传输语音消息包，确保语音消息包的传输可以实现低时延、低丢包率，从而实现传输速率与通信环境的匹配。
本申请实施例第二方面提供了一种数据传输方法，该方法应用于第一通话端，该方法包括：
第一通话端通过IP多媒体子系统IMS网络，建立与第二通话端之间的通话；第一通话端确定所接入的接入网络设备的第一信号强度小于第一阈值，则对实时采集的第一通话音频进行编码得到第一语音消息包；得到了第一语音消息包，第一通话端就可以通过接入网络设备，向第一媒体处理网元传输第一语音消息包，以通过第一媒体处理网元实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话。其中，第一媒体处理网元为第二通话端那一侧的媒体处理网元。
第二方面的有益效果参见第一方面，此处不再赘述。
在一种可选的实现方式中，在对实时采集的第一通话音频进行编码得到第一语音消息包之前，该方法还包括：第一通话端向接入网络设备传输第一度量信息，第一度量信息用于指示接入网络设备在第一通话端的第一信号强度；第一通话端接收来自接入网络设备的第一开启通知，第一开启通知用于指示第一通话端通过语音消息包的形式，实现与第二通 话端之间的通话。
在一种可选的实现方式中，该方法还包括：第一通话端向接入网络设备传输第二度量信息，第二度量信息用于指示接入网络设备在第一通话端的第二信号强度；第一通话端通过接入网络设备，接收来自第二媒体处理网元的第二语音消息包。其中，第二媒体处理网元为第一通话端那一侧的媒体处理网元。
在一种可选的实现方式中，该方法还包括：第一通话端通过接入网络设备，向第二媒体处理网元传输第二开启通知，第二开启通知用于指示第二媒体处理网元通过语音消息包的形式，实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话；第一通话端通过接入网络设备，接收来自第二媒体处理网元的第二语音消息包。
在一种可选的实现方式中，第一开启通知和/或第二开启通知中的每一个，都可以包括：分片大小标识、分片间隔标识、分片发送速率标识和编码方式标识中的至少一项；其中，分片大小标识用于指示，语音消息包传输的分片大小；分片间隔标识用于指示，语音消息包传输的分片间隔；分片发送速率标识用于指示，语音消息包传输的分片发送速率；编码方式标识用于指示，以目标编码方式编码得到语音消息包。
在一种可选的实现方式中，在第一通话端通过接入网络设备，向第一媒体处理网元传输第一语音消息包之后，该方法还包括：第一通话端确定接入网络设备的第三信号强度大于第二阈值，则通过接入网络设备，向第一媒体处理网元传输第一音频流，以通过第一媒体处理网元实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话。
在一种可选的实现方式中，在通过接入网络设备，向第一媒体处理网元传输第一音频流之前，该方法还包括：第一通话端向接入网络设备传输第三度量信息，第三度量信息用于指示接入网络设备在第一通话端的第三信号强度；第一通话端接收来自接入网络设备的第一关闭通知，第一关闭通知用于指示第一通话端通过音频流的形式，实现与第二通话端之间的通话。
在一种可选的实现方式中，在第一通话端通过接入网络设备，向第一媒体处理网元传输第一语音消息包之后，该方法还包括：第一通话端向接入网络设备传输第四度量信息，第四度量信息用于指示接入网络设备在第一通话端的第四信号强度；第一通话端通过接入网络设备，接收来自第二媒体处理网元的第二音频流。
在一种可选的实现方式中，在第一通话端通过接入网络设备，向第一媒体处理网元传输第一语音消息包之后，该方法还包括：第一通话端通过接入网络设备，向第二媒体处理网元传输第二关闭通知，第二关闭通知用于指示第二媒体处理网元通过音频流的形式，实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话；第一通话端通过接入网络设备，接收来自第二媒体处理网元的第二音频流。
在一种可选的实现方式中，在通过接入网络设备，向第一媒体处理网元传输第一语音消息包的步骤之前，该方法还可以包括：接收来自接入网络设备的第一换档指示，其中，第一换档指示用于指示第一通话端在第一换档时间改变发送策略，通过第一发送策略传输语音消息包；通过所述接入网络设备，向第一媒体处理网元传输第一语音消息包的步骤，具体可以包括：通过第一发送策略，向接入网络设备传输第一语音消息包，以通过接入网 络设备向第一媒体处理网元传输第一语音消息包。
在一种可选的实现方式中，在通过接入网络设备，接收来自第二媒体处理网元的第二语音消息包之前，该方法还可以包括：通过接入网络设备，向第二媒体处理网元传输第二换档指示，其中，第二换档指示用于指示第二媒体处理网元在第二换档时间改变发送策略，通过第二发送策略传输语音消息包；通过接入网络设备，接收来自第二媒体处理网元的第二语音消息包的步骤，具体可以包括：通过接入网络设备，接收来自第二媒体处理网元的，通过第二发送策略传输的第二语音消息包。
本申请实施例第三方面提供了一种接入网络设备，该接入网络设备包括：
处理器和收发器；
处理器用于：处理得到收发器所传输的数据，和/或，对收发器所接收的数据进行处理；
收发器用于：通过IP多媒体子系统IMS网络，建立第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话；接收来自第一通话端的第一语音消息包，第一语音消息包为第一通话端确定第一信号强度小于第一阈值后发出的，第一信号强度为接入网络设备在第一通话端的信号强度大小；向第一媒体处理网元传输第一语音消息包，以通过第一媒体处理网元实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话。
该接入网络设备用于实现第一方面的数据传输方法。
本申请实施例第四方面提供了一种第一通话端，该第一通话端包括：
处理器和收发器；
处理器用于：处理得到收发器所传输的数据，和/或，对收发器所接收的数据进行处理；
收发器用于：通过IP多媒体子系统IMS网络，建立与第二通话端之间的通话；确定所接入的接入网络设备的第一信号强度小于第一阈值，则对实时采集的第一通话音频进行编码得到第一语音消息包；通过接入网络设备，向第一媒体处理网元传输第一语音消息包，以通过第一媒体处理网元实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话；
该第一通话端用于实现第二方面的数据传输方法。
本申请实施例第五方面提供了一种通信系统，该通信系统包括：
第一通话端、接入网络设备、第一媒体处理网元、第二媒体处理网元和第二通话端；
该通信系统用于实现第一方面和/或第二方面的数据传输方法。
本申请实施例第六方面提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中保存有程序，当计算机执行该程序时，执行第一方面或第二方面的方法。
本申请实施例第七方面提供了一种计算机程序产品，当该计算机程序产品在计算机上执行时，计算机执行第一方面或第二方面的方法。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例的应用架构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的数据传输方法的一个流程示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的数据传输方法的另一流程示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的数据传输方法的另一流程示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的数据传输方法的另一流程示意图；
图6a为本申请实施例提供的数据传输方法的一个示意图；
图6b为本申请实施例提供的数据传输方法的另一示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的数据传输方法的另一流程示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的接入网络设备的结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的第一通话端的结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合本发明实施例中的附图对本发明实施例进行描述。本发明的实施方式部分使用的术语仅用于对本发明的具体实施例进行解释，而非旨在限定本发明。本领域普通技术人员可知，随着技术的发展和新场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的术语在适当情况下可以互换，这仅仅是描述本申请的实施例中对相同属性的对象在描述时所采用的区分方式。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，其目的在于覆盖不排他的包含，以便包含一系列单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于那些单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它单元。
下面对本申请实施例中出现的一些专业术语进行解释：
SIP：会话初始协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)是由因特网工程任务组(internet engineering task force，IETF)制定的多媒体通信协议。是一个基于文本的应用层控制协议，用于创建、修改和释放一个或多个参与者的会话。SIP是一种源于互联网的IP语音会话控制协议，具有灵活、易于实现、便于扩展等特点。
SDP：会话描述协议(session description protocol，SDP)用于会话实体之间的媒体协商。是一个用来描述多媒体会话的应用层控制协议，为会话通知、会话邀请和其它形式的多媒体会话初始化等目的提供了多媒体会话描述；它是一个基于文本的协议，这样就能保证协议的可扩展性比较强，这样就使其具有广泛的应用范围；SDP完全是一种会话描述格式，它不属于传输协议，使用不同的适当的传输协议，包括会话通知协议(session announcement protocol，SAP)、会话初始协议SIP、实时流协议(real time streaming protocol，RTSP)、多用途互联网邮件扩展类型(multipurpose internet mail extensions，MIME)的电子邮件以及超文本传输协议(hypertext transfer protocol，HTTP)。
RTP：实时传输协议(real-time transport protocol，RTP)，为实时传输交互的音频和视频提供了端到端传输服务。其中包括载荷的类型确认，序列编码，时间戳和传输监控功能。可以基于用户数据报协议(user datagram protocol，UDP)或与其它适合的协议并用，如果底层网络支持多路分发，RTP还可以将数据传输给多个目标。
RTCP：实时传输控制协议(real-time transport control protocol，RTCP)是实时传输协议(RTP)的一个姐妹协议。RTCP为RTP媒体流提供信道外(out-of-band)控制。RTCP本身并不传输数据，但和RTP一起协作将多媒体数据打包和发送。RTCP定期在流多媒体会话参加者之间传输控制数据。RTCP的主要功能是为RTP所提供的服务质量(quality of service，QoS)提供反馈。RTCP收集相关媒体连接的统计信息，例如：传输字节数，传输分组数，丢失分组数，jitter，单向和双向网络延迟等等。网络应用程序可以利用RTCP所提供的信息试图提高服务质量，比如限制信息流量或改用压缩比较小的编解码器。
主叫端：通话的发起方。
被叫端：通话的被发起方。
第一通话端/第二通话端：主叫端或被叫端中的一种。若第一通话端是主叫端，则第二通话端是被叫端；若第一通话端是被叫端，则第二通话端是主叫端。
本申请实施例提供了一种数据传输方法和相关设备，用于在通信环境差的情况下，实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话。
为了便于理解，接下来将描述本申请实施例的应用架构。
一、本申请实施例的应用架构。
请参阅图1，图1为本申请实施例的应用架构示意图。如图1所示，主叫端100通过接入网络设备110接入核心网，核心网中的媒体处理网元120用于实现对主叫端100的上下行通话数据的格式调整。被叫端200通过接入网络设备210接入核心网，核心网中的媒体处理网元220用于实现被叫端200的上下行通话数据的格式调整。核心网中的会话处理网元300用于管理主叫端100与被叫端200之间的通话。
其中，由核心网中的各网元、接入网络设备110、主叫端100、接入网络设备210和被叫端200共同构成IMS网络，IMS网络用于实现主叫端100与被叫端200之间的通话。
在本申请实施例中，主叫端100和被叫端200为通话的两端。其中，可以将主叫端100作为第一通话端，将被叫端200作为第二通话端；或者也可以将被叫端200作为第一通话端，将主叫端100作为第二通话端，此处不做限定。其中，主叫端100和被叫端200统称为终端设备。
具体的，接入网络设备110和/或接入网络设备210可以是基站。在本申请实施例中，除了基站，接入网络设备110和/或接入网络设备210还可以是其他通信装置，例如边缘设备等，只要具备为主叫端100或被叫端200提供信道资源的能力即可，此处不做限定。
具体的，本申请实施例中的通信系统可以是第五代移动通信技术(5th generation mobile communication technology，5G)、卫星通信及短距等无线通信系统，系统架构如图1所示。该系统架构中包括主叫端100和被叫端200，接入网络设备110向主叫端100提供信道资源，接入网络设备210向被叫端200提供信道资源。无线通信系统也可以进行点对点通信，如多个终端设备之间互相通信。在本申请实施例中，接入网络设备110或接入网络设备210还可以向更多或更少的终端设备提供服务，终端设备的数量和种类根据实际需要确定，具体此处不做限定。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中提及的无线通信系统包括但不限于：窄带物联网系统 (narrow band-internet of things，NB-IoT)、长期演进系统(long term evolution，LTE)以及5G移动通信系统的三大应用场景增强移动宽带(enhanced mobile broadband，eMBB)，低时延高可靠通信(ultra-reliable & low-latency communication,URLLC)和海量物联网通信(massive machine type communications，mMTC)，以及未来可能出现的其他移动通信系统，此处不做限定。
在本申请实施例中，接入网络设备110和/或接入网络设备210可以是一种部署在无线接入网中为终端设备提供无线通信功能的装置。接入网络设备110和/或接入网络设备210可以为多个终端设备提供无线通信功能。接入网络设备110和/或接入网络设备210可以包括各种形式的宏基站，微基站(也称为小站)，中继站，接入点等。在采用不同的无线接入技术的系统中，具备接入网络设备110和/或接入网络设备210功能的设备的名称可能会有所不同，例如，在LTE系统中，称为演进的节点B(evolved nodeB，eNB或者eNodeB),在第三代(3rd generation，3G)系统中，称为节点B(Node B)等。为方便描述，本申请实施例中，上述为终端设备提供无线通信功能的装置统称为接入网络设备或基站(base station，BS)。
本申请中的接入网络设备110和/或接入网络设备210，可以是LTE中的演进型基站(evolutional Node B，eNB或eNodeB)；或者5G网络中的基站，宽带网络业务网关(broadband network gateway，BNG)，汇聚交换机或非第三代合作伙伴项目(3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)接入设备等，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。可选的，本申请实施例中的基站可以包括各种形式的基站，例如：下一代基站(gNodeB，gNB)、传输点(transmitting and receiving point，TRP)、发射点(transmitting point，TP)、移动交换中心以及设备到设备(Device-to-Device，D2D)、车辆外联(vehicle-to-everything，V2X)、机器到机器(machine-to-machine，M2M)通信、物联网(Internet of Things)通信中承担基站功能的设备等，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
在本申请实施例中，主叫端100、被叫端200、第一通话端和第二通话端，都可以称之为终端设备。本申请实施例中所涉及到的终端设备可以包括各种具有无线通信功能的手持设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备。终端设备也可以称为终端(terminal)，终端设备还可以是用户单元(subscriber unit)、蜂窝电话(cellular phone)、智能手机(smart phone)、无线数据卡、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)电脑、平板型电脑、无线调制解调器(modem)、手持设备(handset)、膝上型电脑(laptop computer)、机器类型通信(machine type communication，MTC)终端等，此处不做限定。
在本申请实施例中，还可以有更多或更少或终端设备在这个通信系统中，终端设备的数量和种类根据实际需要确定，具体此处不做限定。
本申请实施例中提及的终端设备，可以是一种具有无线收发功能的设备，具体可以指用户设备(user equipment，UE)、接入终端、用户单元(subscriber unit)、用户站、移动台(mobile station)、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、无线通信设备、用户 代理或用户装置。终端设备还可以是卫星电话、蜂窝电话、智能手机、无线数据卡、无线调制解调器、机器类型通信设备、可以是无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、高空飞机上搭载的通信设备、可穿戴设备、无人机、机器人、设备到设备(device-to-device，D2D)通信中的终端、车辆外联(vehicle to everything，V2X)中的终端、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端设备、混合现实(mixed reality，MR)、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端或者未来通信网络中的终端设备等，本申请不作限制。
基于图1所示的架构，本申请实施例提供了一种数据传输方法，用于在第一通话端信号差的情况下，实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话。
二、本申请实施例提供的数据传输方法。
本申请实施例所提供的数据传输方法，可以在通话的一端信号差或两端信号都差的情况下，实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话。接下来将分别描述通话一端或两端信号差的情况下，本申请实施例所提供的数据传输方法。
1、第一通话端信号差的情况下，本申请实施例提供的数据传输方法。
示例地，接下来将以主叫端100作为第一通话端，以被叫端200作为第二通话端，说明通话中，第一通话端(主叫端100)的信号差的情况下，本申请实施例所示的方法。请参阅图2，该方法包括：
201、建立主叫端100和被叫端200之间的通话。
为了实现主叫端100与被叫端200之间的通话，需要在IMS系统中建立主叫端100与被叫端200之间的通话。
主叫端100可以通过IMS网络，向被叫端200发起会话建立请求，请求建立主叫端100与被叫端200之间的通话。
被叫端200可以通过IMS网络，向主叫端发送会话建立响应，完成主叫端100与被叫端200之间通话的建立。
对于步骤201，在图5所示的实施例中将会详细说明，此处不再赘述。
202、主叫端100将实时采集的第一通话音频编码为第一语音消息包。
若主叫端100确定，接入网络设备110在主叫端100处的第一信号强度小于第一阈值，则表示主叫端100与接入网络设备110之间的信号弱，在主叫端100与接入网络设备110之间传输音频流，容易出现丢包率高、时延长等现象。
在这种情况下，主叫端100可以将实时采集的第一通话音频编码为第一语音消息包，通过第一语音消息包，向被叫端传输第一通话音频的内容。
在本申请实施例中，第一阈值可以根据信号强度与丢包率大小之间的关系，除此之外， 还可以根据信号强度与通话清晰度之间的关系，等其他方式来确定，此处不做限定。可选的，第一阈值可以取决于运营商的设置。示例地，第一阈值可以是40kpbs，除了40kpbs，第一阈值还可以是其他大小，例如45kbps、42kbps、35kbps、32kbps或30kbps等，此处不做限定。
203、主叫端100通过接入网络设备110，向媒体处理网元220传输第一语音消息包。
主叫端100编码得到了第一语音消息包，就可以通过接入网络设备110，向媒体处理网元220传输第一语音消息包。从而通过媒体处理网元220，实现第一通话音频的内容向被叫端200的传输。
在本申请实施例中，媒体处理网元220也称为第一媒体处理网元，第一媒体处理网元为第二通话端(被叫端200)那一侧的媒体处理网元，用于对被叫端200的上行或下行数据进行编码或转发。
在本申请实施例中，在主叫端100与接入网络设备110之间信号差的情况下，将实时采集的通话音频编码为语音消息包，并在主叫端100与接入网络设备110之间传输该语音消息包。相较于音频流的形式，通过语音消息包的形式，传输实时采集的通话音频，传输的数据量小，可以降低主叫端100与接入网络设备110之间的丢包率和时延，保证通话的实时性。
204、媒体处理网元220将第一语音消息包编码为音频流。
若接入网络设备210在被叫端200处的信号强度不小于第一阈值，则不需要在接入网络设备210与被叫端200之间传输语音消息包。因此，媒体处理网元220可以将第一语音消息包编码为音频流。
205、媒体处理网元220通过接入网络设备210，向被叫端200传输音频流。
媒体处理网元220编码得到了音频流，就可以通过接入网络设备210，向被叫端200传输该音频流，从而实现第一通话音频的内容向被叫端200的传输。
值得注意的是，图2所示的实施例中，以主叫端100作为第一通话端，描述了第一通话端信号差的情况下，如何实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话。主叫端100并不造成对第一通话端的限定，第一通话端也可以是被叫端200，此处不做限定。若第一通话端为被叫端200，则图2中的具体流程进行适应性改变，此处不再赘述。
在本申请实施例中，第一通话端通过接入网络设备实现与第二通话端之间的通话，在接入网络设备与第一通话端之间信号弱的情况下，通过第一语音消息包实现第一通话端的音频数据向第二通话端的传输。由于语音消息包的数据量远小于音频流，在接入网络设备与第一通话端之间信号弱的情况下，相较于通过音频流传输音频数据，传输语音消息包可以降低丢包的概率，也可以降低时延，从而保证第一通话端与第二通话端之间通话的质量和实时性。
在本申请实施例中，在终端(主叫端/被叫端)与接入网络设备之间传输语音消息包，称为通话转消息功能。为了实现语音消息包的传输，需要开启通话转消息的功能，该功能可以由接入网络设备或终端(主叫端/被叫端)开启，接下来将分别描述。
1.1、接入网络设备开启通话转消息功能。
接下来将结合图3，描述由接入网络设备开启通话转消息功能的流程。
示例地，接下来将以主叫端100作为第一通话端，以被叫端200作为第二通话端，说明通话中，第一通话端(主叫端100)的信号差的情况下，由接入网络设备开启通话转消息功能的方法。该方法包括：
301、建立主叫端100与被叫端200之间的通话。
图5所示实施例将会展开说明，主叫端100与被叫端200之间通话的建立过程，此处不再赘述。
302、主叫端100向接入网络设备110传输第一度量信息。
主叫端100可以检测接入网络设备110在主叫端100处的第一信号强度，并向接入网络设备110传输用于指示第一信号强度的第一度量信息。其中，第一度量信息和第一信号强度用于确定是否开启通话转消息。
303、接入网络设备110向媒体处理网元120传输第二开启通知。
若第一信号强度小于第一阈值，则接入网络设备110可以确定在主叫端100处的信号差，从而向媒体处理网元120传输第二开启通知，第二开启通知用于指示媒体处理网元120通过语音消息包的形式，向主叫端100传输下行方向上的通话数据，从而实现主叫端100与被叫端200之间的通话。
可选的，第二开启通知可以是RTCP报文。本申请实施例中，对RTCP报文的APP字段进行扩展：
name{STVM}：application-dependent data{Open_SpeechtoVoiceMessage}。该字段用于指示对主叫端100的通话转消息功能的开启。
其中，STVM和SpeechtoVoiceMessage，均表示speech to voice message，即通话转消息。
在本申请实施例中，第二开启通知在主叫端100的下行数据传输方向上，开启了通话转消息功能。
可选的，还可以通过第二开启通知，指示下行数据传输方向上的编码策略和/或发送策略。
其中，第二开启通知可以包括分片大小标识，分片大小标识用于指示下行方向上，语音消息包传输的分片大小。除了分片大小标识，第二开启通知中还可以包括其他信息，例如分片间隔标识、分片发送速率标识、编码方式标识等，此处不做限定。其中，分片间隔标识用于指示下行方向上，语音消息包传输的分片间隔；分片发送速率标识用于指示下行方向上，语音消息包传输的分片发送速率；编码方式标识用于指示下行方向上，媒体处理网元120以目标编码方式编码得到语音消息包。
可选的，可以对RTCP报文的APP字段进行扩展，扩展字段用于指示语音消息包的编码或发送策略。
示例地，可以扩展字段{STVM}：application-dependent data{Internal,Package Size}，该字段用于指示语音消息包的分片大小。
示例地，可以扩展字段{STVM}：application-dependent data{messagerate}，该字 段用于指示语音消息包的发送速率。
示例地，可以对头PT进行如下扩展：定义字段PT＝77:m_melp，其中，melp表示混合激励线性预测(mixed excitation linear prediction，MELP)的编码方式。
可选的，语音消息包的传输可以根据传输的速率分为多个档，示例地，如图6a所示，可以将语音消息包的传输分为码率1(4.5kb/s)、码率2(2.25kb/s)和码率3(1.125kb/s)三档。当接入网络设备在第一通话端处的信号强度在[B，A]的区间内，则以码率1的速率传输语音消息包；当信号强度在[C，B]的区间内，则以码率2的速率传输；当信号强度小于C，则以码率3的速率传输。
可选的，信号强度A的大小可以为第一阈值的大小。信号强度B、C的大小，可以根据信号强度与丢包率大小之间的关系确定，除此之外，还可以根据信号强度与通话清晰度之间的关系，等其他方式来确定信号强度B、C，此处不做限定。可选的，信号强度B、C的大小，可以取决于运营商的设置。
可选的，还可以通过第二开启通知指示换档发生的时间，例如，假设信号强度A与第一阈值大小相对，在主叫端100的信号强度大于第一阈值的时候，主叫端100通过音频流的形式传输通话音频，当信号强度小于第一阈值的时候，通过第二开启通知，指示媒体处理网元120(第二媒体处理网元)在第二换档时间改变发送策略，通过第二发送策略传输语音消息包。其中，第二发送策略即为图6a中所示的速率1所对应的发送策略。在这种情况下，第二开启通知也称为第二换档指示，第二换档指示用于指示第二媒体处理网元在第二换挡时间改变发送策略，通过第二发送策略传输语音消息包。
在本申请实施例中，除了第二开启通知，第二换档指示还可以是其他的通知，用于在通过语音消息包的形式传输通话音频数据的情况下，基于信号强度调整发送策略，此处不做限定。
可选的，为了防止信号强度的波动造成传输速率在不同档之间反复切换，可以设置换挡滞后时间和换挡滞后区间。
如图6a中右半边的图所示，若信号强度的变化如信号强度变化曲线所示；则在时间t2至t3之间，应该以码率1传输语音消息包；在时间t3，应该切换传输速率，从码率1变为码率2传输语音消息包，即在时间t3“换档”；在时间t4，应该切换传输速率从码率2变为码率3传输语音消息包，即在时间t4“换档”。
如图6a中左半边的图所示，在换档滞后时间的方案中，可以延迟“换档”发生的时间。以时间t3附近的“换档”为例，在t3后延长换档滞后时间，在换档滞后时间内不换档，若在换档滞后时间内，第一通信端的信号强度均小于A，则在时间t3’换档。其中，时间t3’与时间t3之间相差一个换档滞后时间。
如图6b所示，在换档滞后区间的方案中，可以适当调整“换档”时所需满足的门限信号强度，拉低“换档”发生时的信号强度大小。以时间t3附近的“换档”为例，在右半边图上的信号强度变化曲线上，在比信号强度B小一个换挡滞后区间的信号强度大小上，确定信号强度变化曲线上与该强度大小对应的点，在确定该点对应的时间t3’，确定时间t3’为“换档”的时间。
在本申请实施例中，媒体处理网元120也称为第一媒体处理网元，第二媒体处理网元用于对主叫端120的上行或下行数据进行编码或转发。
304、媒体处理网元120通过接入网络设备110，向主叫端100传输第一开启通知。
步骤303中向媒体处理网元120传输第二开启通知，保证了主叫端100的下行数据传输方向上，开启通话转消息的功能。由于信号差的情况下无论是上行还是下行数据传输都会受到影响，因此还要保证上行数据传输方向上，开启通话转消息的功能。
为了在上行数据传输方向上开启通话转消息的功能，媒体处理网元120可以通过接入网络设备，向主叫端100传输第一开启通知，第一开启通知用于指示主叫端100通过语音消息包的形式，实现与被叫端200之间的通话。
可选的，第一开启通知和第二开启通知可以是RTCP报文。本申请实施例中，对RTCP报文的APP字段进行扩展：
name{STVM}：application-dependent data{Open_SpeechtoVoiceMessage}。该字段用于指示对主叫端100的通话转消息功能的开启。
其中，STVM和SpeechtoVoiceMessage，均表示speech to voice message，即通话转消息。
可选的，还可以通过第一开启通知，指示上行数据传输方向上的编码策略和/或发送策略。第以开启通知所包含的内容参见步骤303中对第二开启通知的描述，此处不再赘述。其中，各标识用于指示上行方向上的编码或发送策略。编码方式标识用于指示上行方向上，主叫端100以目标编码方式编码得到语音消息包。
可选的，还可以通过第一开启通知指示换档发生的时间，例如，在主叫端100的信号强度大于第一阈值的时候，主叫端100通过音频流的形式传输通话音频，当信号强度小于第一阈值的时候，通过第一开启通知，指示主叫端100(第一通话端)在第一换档时间改变发送策略，通过第一发送策略传输语音消息包。其中，第一发送策略即为图6a中所示的速率1所对应的发送策略。在这种情况下，第一开启通知也称为第一换档指示，第一换档指示用于指示第一通话端在第一换挡时间改变发送策略，通过第一发送策略传输语音消息包。
在本申请实施例中，除了第一开启通知，第一换档指示还可以是其他的通知，用于在通过语音消息包的形式传输通话音频数据的情况下，基于信号强度调整发送策略，此处不做限定。
可选的，为了防止信号强度的波动造成传输速率在不同档之间反复切换，可以设置换挡滞后时间和换挡滞后区间。对于换挡滞后时间和换挡滞后区间的说明，参见步骤303，此处不再赘述。
步骤304中，第一开启通知是媒体处理网元120基于下行方向上的第二开启通知，而确定向主叫端100发送的，以在上行方向上也开启通话转消息功能。可选的，第一开启通知的传输也可以如下所示：接入网络设备110接收来自主叫端100的第二度量信息，第二度量信息用于指示接入网络设备110在主叫端100的第二信号强度。基于第二信号强度小于第一阈值，接入网络设备110确定在上行方向上需要开启通话转消息功能，于是向主叫 端100传输第一开启通知。
可选的，对于同一个终端设备(这里以主叫端100为例)，上下行的通话转消息功能的开启，可以是统一进行的，在这种情况下，第一度量信息和第二度量信息可以是同一条信息。在本申请实施例中，第一度量信息和第二度量信息也可以是不同的信息，此处不做限定。
305、主叫端100将实时采集的第一通话音频编码为第一语音消息包。
306、主叫端100通过接入网络设备110，向媒体处理网元220传输第一语音消息包。
307、媒体处理网元220将第一语音消息包编码为音频流。
308、媒体处理网元200通过接入网络设备210，向被叫端200传输音频流。
步骤305至308参见图2所示实施例的步骤202至205，此处不再赘述。
可选的，若步骤304中的第一开启通知中指示了编码策略，则在步骤305中，可以根据第一开启通知中指示的编码策略，编码得到第一语音消息包。
可选的，若步骤304中的第一开启通知中指示了发送策略，则在步骤306中，可以根据第一开启通知中指示的发送策略，向接入网络设备110传输第一语音消息包，从而减小从主叫端100到接入网络设备110之间数据传输的数据量，减小主叫端100上行数据传输的丢包率和时延等。
可选的，步骤306中，第一语音消息包可以通过RTP报文的形式传输。在本申请实施例中，可以对RPT包头的头PT(payload type)进行扩展，头PT字段，可以用于指示该报文为语音消息包，以及该语音消息包的编码方式。
309、被叫端200通过接入网络设备210，向媒体处理网元120传输音频流。
由于被叫端200的信号正常，因此被叫端200还是以音频流的形式向主叫端100这一侧传输数据。示例地，被叫端200通过接入网络设备210，向媒体处理网元120传输音频流，该音频流中承载了被叫端200实时采集的通话音频。
310、媒体处理网元120将音频流编码为第二语音消息包。
在步骤303中，媒体处理网元120接收到了来自接入网络设备110的第二开启通知，因此向主叫端100传输的下行数据，都要转换成语音消息包的格式。
具体的，媒体处理网元120可以将来自被叫端200的音频流编码为第二语音消息包。
可选的，若步骤303中的第二开启通知中指示了编码策略，则在步骤310中，可以根据第二开启通知中指示的编码策略编码得到第二语音消息包。
311、媒体处理网元120通过接入网络设备110，向主叫端100传输第二语音消息包。
得到了第二语音消息包，媒体处理网元120就可以通过接入网络设备110，向主叫端100传输第二语音消息包。
可选的，若步骤303中的第二开启通知中指示了发送策略，则在步骤311中，可以根据第二开启通知中指示的发送策略，向主叫端100传输第二语音消息包，从而减小从接入网络设备110到主叫端100之间数据传输的数据量，减小主叫端100下行数据传输的丢包率和时延等。
可选的，若步骤309中传输的是语音消息包，则可以将该语音消息包直接通过接入网 络设备110，传输给主叫端100。在这种情况下，步骤310就不需要执行；或者，若步骤309中接收的语音消息包，主叫端100无法解码，则在步骤310，媒体处理网元120可以将该语音消息包编码为第二语音消息包，使得主叫端100可以解码第二语音消息包。
值得注意的是，步骤305至308描述的是在上行方向上，以语音消息包的形式实现数据传输，步骤309至311描述的是在下行方向上，以语音消息包的形式实现数据传输。由于开启了通话转消息功能，才能在对应方向上以语音消息包的形式传输数据。因此，步骤305至308(上行传输)在步骤304(上行开启)之后执行；步骤309至步骤311(下行传输)在步骤303(下行开启)之后执行。在本申请实施例中，不限定上行传输与下行传输之间的时序关系，步骤305至308，也可以在步骤309至311之后执行，或者与步骤309至311同时执行，并且不限定步骤305至308中各步骤与步骤309至311中各步骤之间的时序关系。也就是说，上行开启与下行开启可以同时发生，也可以先后发生，但不限定两者之间的时序关系；上行传输与下行传输可以同时发生。也可以先后发生，也不限定两者之间的时序关系。但是限定上行传输一定发生在上行开启之后，下行传输一定发生在下行开启之后。
可选的，若主叫端100的信号恢复正常水平，则可以关闭通话转消息的功能，通过音频流的形式实现主叫端100与被叫端200之间的通话。关闭通话转消息的过程如下所示：
312、主叫端100向接入网络设备110传输第三度量信息。
主叫端100可以检测接入网络设备110在主叫端100处的第三信号强度，并向接入网络设备110传输用于指示第三信号强度的第三度量信息。其中，第三度量信息和第三信号强度用于确定上行方向上是否关闭通话转消息。
313、接入网络设备110向媒体处理网元120传输第二关闭通知。
若第四信号强度大于第二阈值，则接入网络设备110可以确定在主叫端100处的信号恢复正常水平，从而向媒体处理网元120传输第二关闭通知，第二关闭通知用于指示媒体处理网元120通过音频流的形式，向主叫端100传输下行方向上的通话数据，从而实现主叫端100与被叫端200之间的通话。
可选的，第二关闭通知可以是RTCP报文。本申请实施例中，对RTCP报文的APP字段进行扩展：
name{STVM}：application-dependent data{Close_SpeechtoVoiceMessage}。该字段用于指示对主叫端100的通话转消息功能的关闭。
其中，STVM和SpeechtoVoiceMessage，均表示speech to voice message，即通话转消息。
在本申请实施例中，第二关闭通知在主叫端100的下行数据传输方向上，关闭了通话转消息功能。
314、媒体处理网元120通过接入网络设备110，向主叫端100传输第一关闭通知。
步骤311中向媒体处理网元120传输第二关闭通知，保证了主叫端100的下行数据传输方向上，关闭通话转消息的功能。由于信号恢复正常的情况下，无论是上行还是下行数据都可以通过音频流的形式正常传输，因此还可以在上行数据传输方向上，关闭通话转消 息的功能。
为了在上行数据传输方向上关闭通话转消息的功能，媒体处理网元120可以通过接入网络设备，向主叫端100传输第一关闭通知，第一关闭通知用于指示主叫端100通过音频流的形式，实现与被叫端200之间的通话。
可选的，第一关闭通知可以是RTCP报文。本申请实施例中，对RTCP报文的APP字段进行扩展：
name{STVM}：application-dependent data{Close_SpeechtoVoiceMessage}。该字段用于指示对主叫端100的通话转消息功能的关闭。
其中，STVM和SpeechtoVoiceMessage，均表示speech to voice message，即通话转消息。
步骤314中，第一关闭通知是媒体处理网元120基于下行方向上的第二关闭通知，而确定向主叫端100发送的，以在上行方向上也关闭通话转消息功能。可选的，第一关闭通知的传输也可以如下所示：接入网络设备110接收来自主叫端100的第四度量信息，第四度量信息用于指示接入网络设备110在主叫端100的第四信号强度。基于第四信号强度大于第二阈值，接入网络设备110确定在上行方向上需要关闭通话转消息功能，于是向主叫端100传输第一关闭通知。
可选的，对于同一个终端设备(这里以主叫端100为例)，上下行的通话转消息功能的关闭，可以是统一进行的，在这种情况下，第三度量信息和第四度量信息可以是同一条信息。在本申请实施例中，第三度量信息和第四度量信息也可以是不同的信息，此处不做限定。
315、主叫端100通过接入网络设备110，向被叫端200传输第一音频流。
在步骤314，主叫端100通过第一关闭通知，获知上行方向上关闭了通话转消息功能，则可以通过接入网络设备110，向被叫端200传输第一音频流。具体的，主叫端100通过接入网络设备110，向媒体处理网元220(第一媒体处理网元)传输第一音频流，媒体处理网元220通过接入网络设备210，向被叫端200传输第一音频流，实现第一音频流从主叫端100到被叫端200的传输。
316、被叫端200通过接入网络设备210，向主叫端100传输第二音频流。
在步骤313，媒体处理网元120(第二媒体处理网元)通过第二关闭通知，获知下行方向上关闭了通话转消息功能，则可以将来自被叫端200的通话数据，以音频流的形式传输。具体的，被叫端200通过接入网络设备210，向媒体处理网元120传输第二音频流。由于第二音频流为音频流形式，媒体处理网元120不需要对第二音频流进行其他处理，媒体处理网元120可以通过接入网络设备210，向被叫端200传输第二音频流，实现第二音频流从被叫端200到主叫端100的传输。
步骤313用于在下行方向上关闭通话转消息，步骤316表示下行方向上通过音频流传输通话音频；因此步骤316必须在步骤313之后执行。步骤314用于在上行方向上关闭通话转消息，步骤315表示上行方向上通过音频流传输通话音频；因此步骤315必须在步骤314之后执行。不限定步骤315与步骤316之间的先后时序，步骤316也可以在步骤315 之前执行或同时执行，此处不做限定。
值得注意的是，步骤312至步骤316为可选步骤。只有在主叫端100的信号恢复正常(大于第二阈值)的情况下，才会执行步骤312至步骤316。
与第一阈值相似，在本申请实施例中，第二阈值可以根据信号强度与丢包率大小之间的关系，除此之外没还可以根据信号强度与通话清晰度之间的关系，等其他方式来确定，此处不做限定。可选的，第二阈值可以取决于运营商的设置。示例地，第二阈值可以与第一阈值大小相同，或者也可以是其他数值，此处不做限定
值得注意的是，图3中将主叫端100作为第一通话端仅是示例，图3并不造成对第一通话端的限定，第一通话端也可以是被叫端200，若第一通话端为被叫端200，则图3中的具体流程进行适应性改变，此处不再赘述。
接入网络设备除了为第一通话端提供信道资源以实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话，还可能为其他的通信设备提供信道资源，因此接入网络设备可以根据第一通话端处的信号强度，以及信道资源的分配情况，适时开启通话转消息。若第一通话端处的信号弱，且无法为第一通话端分配更多的信道资源，可以确定开启通话转消息；若第一通话端处的信号强度弱，且可以为第一通话端分配更多的信道资源(例如接入网络设备110所连接的其他终端设备断开与接入网络设备100之间的连接，从而使接入网络设备100可以将与该终端设备之间的信道资源分配给其他终端设备)，则可以为第一通话端分配更多的信道资源，尽量保证第一通话端可以通过音频流的形式实现通话，第二通话端通过音频流所接收的音频数据的质量更好。通过这种方式，实现对信道资源合理分配，与保证通话低时延低丢包，之间的协调。
图3的实施例描述了，由接入网络设备决定开启通话转消息的功能的方法，接下来将结合图4，说明由第一通话端决定开启通话转消息的功能的方法。
1.2、第一通话端开启通话转消息功能。
图4所示实施例依旧将主叫端100作为第一通话端为例，说明第一通话端及其他设备所执行的动作。请参阅图4，该方法包括：
401、建立主叫端100与被叫端200之间的通话。
图5所示实施例将会展开说明，主叫端100与被叫端200之间通话的建立过程，此处不再赘述。
402、主叫端100通过接入网络设备110，向媒体处理网元120传输第二开启通知。
若主叫端100确定，接入网络设备110在主叫端100处的第二信号强度小于第一阈值，则接入网络设备110可以确定在主叫端100处的信号差，从而向媒体处理网元120传输第二开启通知，第二开启通知用于指示媒体处理网元120通过语音消息包的形式，向主叫端100传输下行方向上的通话数据，从而实现主叫端100与被叫端200之间的通话。
对于第二开启通知的形式、所包含的内容等，参见图3所示实施例的步骤303，此处不再赘述。
403、主叫端100将实时采集的第一通话音频编码为第一语音消息包。
404、主叫端100通过接入网络设备110，向媒体处理网元220传输第一语音消息包。
405、媒体处理网元220将第一语音消息包编码为音频流。
406、媒体处理网元220通过接入网络设备210，向被叫端200传输音频流。
步骤403至406参见图2所示实施例的步骤202至205，此处不再赘述。
可选的，步骤403中，主叫端100可以根据主叫端100确定的编码策略，编码得到第一语音消息包。
可选的，步骤404中，主叫端100可以根据主叫端100确定的发送策略，向接入网络设备110传输第一语音消息包，从而减小从主叫端100到接入网络设备110之间数据传输的数据量，减小主叫端100上行数据传输的丢包率和时延等。
407、被叫端200通过接入网络设备210，向媒体处理网元120传输音频流。
408、媒体处理网元120将音频流编码为第二语音消息包。
409、媒体处理网元120通过接入网络设备110，向主叫端100传输第二语音消息包。
步骤407至409参见图3所示实施例的步骤309至311，此处不再赘述。
可选的，若步骤402中的第二开启通知中指示了编码策略，则在步骤408中，可以根据第一开启通知中指示的编码策略，编码得到第二语音消息包。
可选的，若步骤402中的第二开启通知中指示了发送策略，则在步骤409中，可以根据第二开启通知中指示的发送策略，向主叫端100传输第二语音消息包。
值得注意的是，步骤403至406描述的是在上行方向上，以语音消息包的形式实现数据传输，步骤407至409描述的是在下行方向上，以语音消息包的形式实现数据传输。由于开启了通话转消息功能，才能在对应方向上以语音消息包的形式传输数据。因此，步骤403至406(上行传输)可以在步骤402之前、同时或之后执行。其中，在步骤402之前或同时执行的前提是，主叫端100已经确定了接入网络设备110在主叫端100处的信号差。步骤407至409(下行传输)在步骤402(下行开启)之后执行。在本申请实施例中，不限定上行传输与下行传输之间的时序关系，步骤403至406，也可以在步骤407至409之后执行，或者与步骤407至409同时执行，并且不限定步骤403至406中各步骤与步骤407至409中各步骤之间的时序关系。
可选的，若主叫端100的信号恢复正常水平，则可以关闭通话转消息的功能，通过音频流的形式实现主叫端100与被叫端200之间的通话。关闭通话转消息的过程如下所示：
410、主叫端100通过接入网络设备110，向媒体处理网元120传输第二关闭通知。
若主叫端100确定，接入网络设备110在主叫端100处的第二信号强度大于第二阈值，则接入网络设备110可以确定在主叫端100处的信号差，从而向媒体处理网元120传输第二关闭通知，第二关闭通知用于指示媒体处理网元120通过音频流的形式，向主叫端100传输下行方向上的通话数据，从而实现主叫端100与被叫端200之间的通话。
对于第二关闭通知的形式、所包含的内容等，参见图3所示实施例的步骤313，此处不再赘述。
411、主叫端100通过接入网络设备110，向被叫端200传输第一音频流。
主叫端100在确定接入网络设备110在主叫端100处的信号强度大于第二阈值的情况下，可以确定主叫端100的信号强度恢复正常水平，可以以音频流的形式向被叫端200传 输通话音频数据。
因此，主叫端100可以通过接入网络设备110，向被叫端200传输第一音频流。具体过程参见图3所示实施例的步骤315，此处不再赘述。
412、被叫端200通过接入网络设备210，向主叫端100传输第二音频流。
在步骤410，媒体处理网元120(第二媒体处理网元)通过第二关闭通知，获知下行方向上关闭了通话转消息功能，则可以将来自被叫端200的通话数据，以音频流的形式传输。具体过程参见图3所示实施例的步骤315，此处不再赘述。
步骤410用于在下行方向上关闭通话转消息，步骤412表示下行方向上通过音频流传输通话音频；因此步骤412必须在步骤410之后执行。步骤411表示上行方向上通过音频流传输通话音频；只要在接入网络设备110在主叫端100处的信号强度大于第二阈值之后执行即可。不限定步骤411与步骤412之间的先后时序，步骤412也可以在步骤411之前执行或同时执行，此处不做限定。
值得注意的是，步骤410至步骤412为可选步骤。只有在主叫端100的信号恢复正常(大于第二阈值)的情况下，才会执行步骤410至步骤412。
与第一阈值相似，在本申请实施例中，第二阈值可以根据信号强度与丢包率大小之间的关系，除此之外没还可以根据信号强度与通话清晰度之间的关系，等其他方式来确定，此处不做限定。可选的，第二阈值可以取决于运营商的设置。示例地，第二阈值可以与第一阈值的大小相同，也可以是其他数值，此处不做限定。
值得注意的是，图4中将主叫端100作为第一通话端仅是示例，图4并不造成对第一通话端的限定，第一通话端也可以是被叫端200，若第一通话端为被叫端200，则图4中的具体流程进行适应性改变，此处不再赘述。
在本申请实施例中，接入网络设备可以通过第二开启通知，通知媒体处理网元通过语音消息包的形式实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话。通过从媒体处理网元到第一通话端的下行方向上，传输语音消息包，减小了下行方向上的数据量，相较于在下行方向传输音频流，可以降低丢包的概率，也可以降低时延，从而保证在第一通话端侧下行方向上的，通话的质量和实时性。
上面通过图2至图4所示的实施例，描述了在通话过程中，第一通话端的信号差的情况下实现通话转消息的方法。对于图2中的步骤201、图3中的步骤301和图4中的步骤401，都只是笼统说了一下在主叫端100与被叫端200之间建立通话，并没有详细描述通话建立的过程。为了在通话过程中实现通话转消息功能，在通话建立的过程中就需要确定终端是否支持通话转消息。接下来将结合图5，描述本申请实施例提供的通话建立过程。图5所示实施例可以看作是对步骤201、301和401的扩展。
2、本申请实施例提供的通话建立方法。
请参阅图5，本申请实施例提供的通话建立的方法包括：
501、接入网络设备110向主叫端100传输度量控制请求。
主叫端100通过接入网络设备110接入IMS网络后，接入网络设备110就可以向主叫端100传输度量控制请求，以获取接入网络设备110在主叫端100处的信号强度。
502、主叫端100向接入网络设备110上报度量结果。
接收了度量控制请求，主叫端100就可以向接入网络设备110上报度量结果，度量结果用于指示接入网络设备110在主叫端100处的信号强度。
503、主叫端100通过接入网络设备110，向会话处理网元300传输会话建立请求。
当主叫端100需要发起与被叫端200之间的通话时，主叫端100可以通过接入网络设备110，向会话处理网元300传输会话建立请求。其中，会话建立请求可以用于指示主叫端100支持通话转消息。
可选的，会话建立请求可以是SDP请求。本申请实施例中，对SDP报文进行扩展：
定义字段a＝SupportofSpeechtoVoiceMessage，该字段用于指示主叫端100支持语音转消息。
504、会话处理网元300通过接入网络设备210，向被叫端200传输会话建立请求。
接收到来自主叫端100的会话建立请求，会话处理网元300就可以通过接入网络设备210，向被叫端200传输会话建立请求，以建立主叫端100与被叫端200之间的通话。
505、会话处理网元300向媒体处理网元120传输媒体控制请求。
在步骤503中，会话处理网元300所接收的会话建立请求，指示了主叫端100支持通话转消息功能。因此会话处理网元300可以向媒体处理网元120传输媒体控制请求，媒体控制请求用于指示主叫端100支持通话转消息功能。
506、媒体处理网元120向接入网络设备110传输媒体控制请求。
接收到来自会话处理网元300的媒体控制请求，媒体处理网元120就可以向接入网络设备110传输媒体控制请求，指示主叫端100支持通话转消息功能。
可选的，若通话转消息功能由主叫端100开启和关闭(图4所示实施例)，则不需要接入网络设备110知道主叫端100支持通话转消息，在这种情况下步骤506可以不执行。
可选的，步骤503的会话建立请求，可以指示主叫端100所支持的编码方式。505和506(可选)和媒体控制请求，也可以指示主叫端100所支持的编码方式。在主叫端侧开启了通话转消息功能之后，媒体处理网元就可以根据该编码方式，将来自被叫端200的音频流或主叫端100无法解码的语音消息包，通过前述编码方式编码，使得得到的语音消息包，能被主叫端100所解码。
507、被叫端200通过接入网络设备210，向主叫端传输会话建立响应。
若被叫端200的通信环境允许建立与主叫端100之间的通话，则被叫端200可以通过接入网络设备210，向主叫端传输会话建立响应。
可选的，若被叫端200也支持通话转消息功能，则在步骤504接收到会话建立请求之后，被叫端200也可以通知媒体处理网元220和/或介入网络设备210，被叫端200支持通话转消息功能。也就是说，在步骤504之后，被叫端侧也可以对应步骤505和步骤506，向被叫端侧的媒体处理网元220和/或介入网络设备210传输媒体控制请求，指示被叫端200支持通话转消息功能。与主叫端侧的媒体控制请求相似，被叫端侧的媒体控制请求也可以指示被叫端200所支持的编码方式。在被叫端侧开启了通话转消息功能之后，媒体处理网元就可以根据该编码方式，将来自主叫端100的音频流或被叫端200无法解码的语音 消息包，通过前述编码方式编码，使得得到的语音消息包，能被被叫端200所解码。
在本申请实施例中，主叫端侧包括主叫端100、接入网络设备110和媒体处理网元120；被叫端侧包括被叫端200、接入网络设备210和媒体处理网元220。
可选的，若主叫端侧的媒体控制请求指示了主叫端100支持的编码方式，被叫端侧的媒体控制请求指示了被叫端200所支持的编码方式，则可以在主叫端侧和被叫端侧均开启通话转消息的情况下，使主叫端100通过被叫端200支持的编码方式编码通话音频数据，使被叫端200通过主叫端100支持的编码方式编码通话音频数据，在IMS网络中，从主叫端100到被叫端200，或从被叫端200到主叫端100的传输方向上，就不需要媒体处理网元再对语音消息包编码，两端接收到的语音消息包都能直接解码。节省了媒体处理网元的处理流程，也就减小了数据传输的时延。
示例地，可以借助SDP offer/answer消息来协商主叫端100和被叫端200的编码方式。可以在SDP offer消息中携带主叫端100所支持的编码方式合集，被叫端200收到来自主叫端100的SDP offer消息，就可以根据主叫端100支持的编码方式合集，在该合集中选择被叫端也支持的编码方式，从而确定两端都能支持的编码方式的合集。然后再向主叫端100传输SDP answer消息，并在SDP answer消息中携带主被叫最终确定的编码方式合集。
可选的，前述SDP offer消息可以是步骤503和504中发出的会话建立请求消息，前述SDP answer消息可以是步骤507中传输的会话建立响应消息。
图3和图4描述了第一通话端信号差的情况下的数据传输方法，若第一通话端和第二通话端的信号都差，则可以通过图7所示的方法实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话。
3、通话两端信号都差的情况下，本申请实施例提供的数据传输方法。
请参阅图7，基于图3所示的实施例(接入网络设备决定开启通话转消息的方法)，本申请实施例提供的，通话两端信号都差的情况下的，数据传输方法包括：
701、建立主叫端100与被叫端200之间的通话。
步骤701参见图5所示实施例，此处不再赘述。
702、主叫端100向接入网络设备110传输第一度量信息。
703、接入网络设备110向媒体处理网元120传输第二开启通知。
704、媒体处理网元120通过接入网络设备110，向主叫端100传输第一开启通知。
705、主叫端100将实时采集的第一通话音频编码为第一语音消息包。
706、主叫端100通过接入网络设备110，向媒体处理网元220传输第一语音消息包。
步骤702至706参见图3所示实施例的步骤302至306，此处不再赘述。
707、媒体处理网元220确定被叫端200开启了通话转消息。
媒体处理网元220为被叫端侧的媒体处理网元，在本申请实施例中，也称为第一媒体处理网元。在图3所示实施例的步骤303和图4所示实施例的步骤402，说明了主叫端侧的媒体处理网元120(第二媒体处理网元)，根据第二开启通知确定主叫端100开启了通话转消息的过程。因此，媒体处理网元220也可以根据相似的开启通知确定被叫端200开启了通话转消息，具体参见步骤303或步骤402，此处不再赘述。
可选的，步骤702至步骤704描述了主叫端100和媒体处理网元120确定主叫端侧开 启通话转消息的过程；其中，步骤702至步骤704中，由接入网络设备决定开启通话转消息。步骤702至步骤704也可以由图4所示实施例的步骤402所替代，替代后的方案中，主叫端侧开启通话转消息，则是由主叫端100决定。
也就是说，主叫端侧开启通话转消息可以由主叫端100或接入网络设备110中的任一个决定；被叫端侧开启通话转消息，也可以由被叫端200或接入网络设备210决定，两侧由谁来决定开启，可以排列组合出四种方案，此处不做限定。
可选的，步骤707发生的时间，与步骤702至706中任一步发生的时间均无关，因此，步骤707可以发生在步骤702至步骤706中任一步之前或同时，只要在步骤701之后即可，此处不做限定。
708、媒体处理网元220根据第一语音消息包的包头，确定第一语音消息包的类型。
在步骤707，媒体处理网元220确定被叫端200开启了通话转消息，则需要确保传输给被叫端200的数据为语音消息包的形式。
可选的，第一语音消息包的包头，可以指示第一语音消息包为语音消息包。媒体处理网元220就可以根据该包头，确定接收到的第一语音消息包为语音消息包，在步骤709中，就可以通过接入网络设备210，将第一语音消息包传输给被叫端200。
可选的，若第一语音消息包的包头指示第一语音消息包不是语音消息包(例如为音频流)则为单侧开启通话转消息，接收非语音消息包的情况，处理流程参见图3所示实施例的步骤310和311或图4所示实施例的步骤408和409，此处不再赘述。
可选的，第一语音消息包的包头，还可以指示第一语音消息包的编码方式。示例地，与图3中步骤306相似，第一语音消息包可以通过RTP报文的形式传输。在本申请实施例中，可以对RPT包头的头PT(payload type)进行扩展，头PT字段，可以用于指示该报文为语音消息包，以及该语音消息包的编码方式。
若包头指示了第一语音消息包的编码方式，而在步骤701中，媒体处理网元220偶可以获知被叫端200所支持的编码方式，则媒体处理网元220可以确定第一语音消息包的编码方式被叫端200是否支持解码。若支持，则在步骤709中，就可以通过接入网络设备210，将第一语音消息包传输给被叫端200；若不支持，则根据被叫端200所支持的编码方式，将第一语音消息包转码为被叫端200所能解码的格式，并在步骤709中，将转码后的第一语音消息包传输给被叫端200。
709、媒体处理网元220通过接入网络设备210，向被叫端200传输第一语音消息包。
得到了第一语音消息包，媒体处理网元220就可以通过接入网络设备210，向被叫端200传输第一语音消息包。
710、被叫端200通过接入网络设备210，向媒体处理网元120传输第二语音消息包。
711、媒体处理网元120根据第二语音消息包的包头，确定第二语音消息包的类型。
712、媒体处理网元120通过接入网络设备110，向主叫端100传输第二语音消息包。
步骤706、708和709描述了通话音频从主叫端100到被叫端200的传输过程；步骤710至712为通话音频从被叫端200到主叫端100的传输过程，与主叫端100到被叫端200方向的传输流程相似，此处不再赘述。
步骤702至712描述了，在主叫端100和被叫端200信号都差的情况下，开启通话转消息，并通过语音消息包的形式实现主叫端100与被叫端200之间通话的过程。若主叫端100和/或被叫端200的信号恢复正常水平，则可以在对应的那一端关闭通话转消息，并通过音频流的形式通话。具体过程参见图3所示实施例的步骤312至316或图4所示实施例的步骤410至412，此处不再赘述。
上面描述了本申请实施例提供的数据传输方法，接下来将结合附图描述，用于实现本申请实施例所提供的数据传输方法的通信设备及通信系统。
三、本申请实施例提供的通信设备和通信系统。
本申请实施例提供了接入网络设备、第一通话端等通信装置的结构，以及通信系统和相关软件产品等的结构，接下来将分别描述。
1、接入网络设备的结构。
请参阅图8，图8为本申请实施例提供的接入网络设备的结构示意图，接入网络设备800包括：
处理器801和收发器802；
处理器801用于：处理得到收发器所传输的数据，和/或，对收发器所接收的数据进行处理；
收发器802用于：通过IP多媒体子系统IMS网络，建立第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话；接收来自第一通话端的第一语音消息包，第一语音消息包为第一通话端确定第一信号强度小于第一阈值后发出的，第一信号强度为接入网络设备在第一通话端的信号强度大小；向第一媒体处理网元传输第一语音消息包，以通过第一媒体处理网元实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话。
接入网络设备800用于实现图2至图7所示实施例的数据传输方法。
2、第一通话端的结构。
请参阅图9，图9为本申请实施例提供的第一通话端的结构示意图，第一通话端900包括：
处理器901和收发器902；
处理器901用于：处理得到收发器所传输的数据，和/或，对收发器所接收的数据进行处理；
收发器902用于：通过IP多媒体子系统IMS网络，建立与第二通话端之间的通话；确定所接入的接入网络设备的第一信号强度小于第一阈值，则对实时采集的第一通话音频进行编码得到第一语音消息包；通过接入网络设备，向第一媒体处理网元传输第一语音消息包，以通过第一媒体处理网元实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话。
第一通话端900用于实现图2至图7所示实施例的数据传输方法。
3、本申请实施例提供的接入网络设备和/第一通话端的其他结构。
可选的，除了上述结构，本申请实施例的通信装置还可以是如下所示的结构：
参见图10，本申请实施例还提供了一种通信装置1000，用于实现上述方法中接入网络设备、第一通话端的功能，即主叫端100、被叫端200、接入网络设备110或接入网络设备 210的功能。该通信装置可以是接入网络设备或第一通话端，也可以是接入网络设备或第一通话端中的装置，或者是能够和接入网络设备或第一通话端匹配使用的装置。其中，该通信装置1000可以为芯片系统。本申请实施例中，芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。通信装置1000包括至少一个处理器1010，用于实现本申请实施例提供的方法中接入网络设备或第一通话端的功能。通信装置1000还可以包括通信接口1020。在本申请实施例中，通信接口1020可以是收发器、电路、总线、模块或其它类型的通信接口，用于通过传输介质和其它设备进行通信。例如，通信接口1020用于通信装置1000中的装置可以和其它设备进行通信。
处理器1010可以执行接入网络设备800中处理器801所执行的功能；通信接口1020可以用于执行接入网络设备800中收发器802所执行的功能。
当通信装置1000用于执行接入网络设备800所执行的操作时，处理器1010用于处理得到通信接口1020所传输的数据，和/或，对通信接口1020所接收的数据进行处理；通信接口1020用于：通过IP多媒体子系统IMS网络，建立第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话；接收来自第一通话端的第一语音消息包，第一语音消息包为第一通话端确定第一信号强度小于第一阈值后发出的，第一信号强度为接入网络设备在第一通话端的信号强度大小；向第一媒体处理网元传输第一语音消息包，以通过第一媒体处理网元实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话。
当通信装置1000用于执行第一通话端900所执行的操作时，处理器1010用于：处理得到通信接口1020所传输的数据，和/或，对通信接口1020所接收的数据进行处理；通信接口1020用于：通过IP多媒体子系统IMS网络，建立与第二通话端之间的通话；确定所接入的接入网络设备的第一信号强度小于第一阈值，则对实时采集的第一通话音频进行编码得到第一语音消息包；通过接入网络设备，向第一媒体处理网元传输第一语音消息包，以通过第一媒体处理网元实现第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话。
通信接口1020还用于执行上述方法实施例中接入网络设备或第一通话端执行的其它接收或发送的步骤或操作。处理器1010还可以用于执行上述方法实施例中，接入网络设备或第一通话端执行的除收发之外的其它对应的步骤或操作，在此不再一一赘述。
通信装置1000还可以包括至少一个存储器1030，用于存储程序指令和/或数据。存储器1030和处理器1010耦合。本申请实施例中的耦合是装置、单元或模块之间的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式，用于装置、单元或模块之间的信息交互。处理器1020可能和存储器1030协同操作。处理器1010可能执行存储器1030中存储的程序指令。在一种可能的实现中，至少一个存储器中的至少一个可以与处理器集成在一起。在另一种可能的实现中，存储器1030位于该通信装置1000之外。
本申请实施例中不限定上述通信接口1020、处理器1010以及存储器1030之间的具体连接介质。本申请实施例在图10中以存储器1030、处理器1010以及通信接口1020之间通过总线1040连接，总线在图10中以粗线表示，其它部件之间的连接方式，仅是进行示意性说明，并不引以为限。该总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图10中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
本申请实施例中，处理器1010可以是一个或多个中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，CPU)，在处理器1010是一个CPU的情况下，该CPU可以是单核CPU，也可以是多核CPU。处理器1010可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器、专用集成电路、现场可编程门阵列或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件，可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。
本申请实施例中，存储器1030可包括但不限于硬盘(hard disk drive，HDD)或固态硬盘(solid-state drive，SSD)等非易失性存储器，随机存储记忆体(Random Access Memory，RAM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable Programmable ROM，EPROM)、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)或便携式只读存储器(Compact Disc Read-Only Memory，CD-ROM)等等。存储器是能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。本申请实施例中的存储器还可以是电路或者其它任意能够实现存储功能的装置，用于存储程序指令和/或数据。
可选的，除了上述结构，本申请实施例的通信装置还可以是如下所示的结构：
参见图11，本申请实施例还提供了一种通信装置1100，可用于实现上述方法中接入网络设备或第一通话端的功能，该通信装置1100可以是接入网络设备或第一通话端中的芯片。该通信装置包括：
至少一个输入输出接口1110和逻辑电路1120。输入输出接口1110可以是输入输出电路，也可以称为通信接口。逻辑电路1120可以是信号处理器、芯片，或其他可以实现本申请方法的集成电路。
其中，至少一个输入输出接口1110用于信号或数据的输入或输出。举例来说，当该装置为接入网络设备或者用于接入网络设备时，输入输出接口1110用于与第一通话端通信。举例来说，当该装置为第一通话端或者用于第一通话端时，输入输出接口1110用于与接入网络设备通信。
其中，逻辑电路1120用于执行本申请实施例提供的任意一种方法的部分或全部步骤。逻辑电路可以实现上述接入网络设备800中的处理器801或第一通话端900中的处理器901所实现的功能。举例来说，当该装置为接入网络设备或者用于接入网络设备时，用于执行上述方法实施例中各种可能的实现方式中接入网络设备执行的步骤，例如逻辑电路1120用于开启通话转消息功能。当该装置为第一通话端或者用于第一通话端时，用于执行上述方法实施例中各种可能的实现方法中第一通话端(主叫端/被叫端)执行的步骤，例如逻辑电路1120用于通过语音消息包实现与对端的通话。
当上述通信装置为应用于接入网络设备的芯片时，该终端芯片实现上述方法实施例中接入网络设备的功能。该终端芯片从终端中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)接收信息，该信息是第一通话端或媒体处理网元发送给接入网络设备的；或者，该终端芯片向第一通话端或媒体处理网元中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)发送信息，该信息是接入网络设备发送给第一通话端或媒体处理网元的。
当上述通信装置为应用于第一通话端的芯片时，该第一通话端芯片实现上述方法实施例中第一通话端的功能。该第一通话端芯片从第一通话端中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)接收信息，该信息是接入网络设备或媒体处理网元发送给第一通话端的；或者，该第一通话端芯片向第一通话端中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)发送信息，该信息是第一通话端发送给接入网络设备或媒体处理网元的。
基于与上述方法实施例相同构思，本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被硬件(例如处理器等)执行，以实现本申请实施例中由任意装置执行的任意一种方法的部分或全部步骤。
基于与上述方法实施例相同构思，本申请实施例还提供了一种包括程序指令的计算机程序产品，当所述计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得所述这个计算机执行以上各方面的任意一种方法的部分或者全部步骤。
基于与上述方法实施例相同构思，本申请还提供一种芯片或芯片系统，该芯片可包括处理器。该芯片还可包括存储器(或存储模块)和/或收发器(或通信模块)，或者，该芯片与存储器(或存储模块)和/或收发器(或通信模块)耦合，其中，收发器(或通信模块)可用于支持该芯片进行有线和/或无线通信，存储器(或存储模块)可用于存储程序，该处理器调用该程序可用于实现上述方法实施例、方法实施例的任意一种可能的实现方式中由终端或者网络设备执行的操作。该芯片系统可包括以上芯片，也可以包含上述芯片和其他分立器件，如存储器(或存储模块)和/或收发器(或通信模块)。
4、本申请实施例提供的通信系统的结构。
基于与上述方法实施例相同构思，本申请还提供一种通信系统，该通信系统可包括以上第一通话端和接入网络设备中的至少一项。该通信系统可用于实现上述方法实施例、方法实施例的任意一种可能的实现方式中由终端或者网络设备执行的操作。示例性的，该通信系统可具有如图1所示的结构。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统，装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统，装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。

Claims (38)

  1. 一种数据传输方法，其特征在于，所述方法应用于接入网络设备，所述方法包括：
    通过IP多媒体子系统IMS网络，建立第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话；
    接收来自所述第一通话端的第一语音消息包，所述第一语音消息包为所述第一通话端确定第一信号强度小于第一阈值后发出的，所述第一信号强度为所述接入网络设备在所述第一通话端的信号强度大小；
    向第一媒体处理网元传输所述第一语音消息包，以通过所述媒体处理网元实现所述第一通话端与所述第二通话端之间的通话。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述接收来自所述第一通话端的第一语音消息包之前，所述方法还包括：
    接收来自所述第一通话端的第一度量信息，所述第一度量信息用于指示所述接入网络设备在所述第一通话端的第一信号强度；
    基于所述第一信号强度小于第一阈值，向所述第一通话端传输第一开启通知，所述第一开启通知用于指示所述第一通话端通过语音消息包的形式，实现与所述第二通话端之间的通话。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收来自所述第一通话端的第二度量信息，所述第二度量信息用于指示所述接入网络设备在所述第一通话端的第二信号强度；
    基于所述第二信号强度小于第一阈值，向第二媒体处理网元传输第二开启通知，所述第二开启通知用于指示所述第二媒体处理网元通过语音消息包的形式，实现所述第一通话端与所述第二通话端之间的通话；
    接收来自所述第二媒体处理网元的第二语音消息包；
    向所述第一通话端传输所述第二语音消息包。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收来自所述第一通话端的第二开启通知，所述第二开启通知用于指示所述第二媒体处理网元通过语音消息包的形式，实现所述第一通话端与所述第二通话端之间的通话；
    向所述第二媒体处理网元传输所述第二开启通知；
    接收来自所述第二媒体处理网元的第二语音消息包；
    向所述第一通话端传输所述第二语音消息包。
  5. 根据权利要求2至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一开启通知和/或所述第二开启通知中的每一个，包括：
    分片大小标识、分片间隔标识、分片发送速率标识和编码方式标识中的至少一项；
    所述分片大小标识用于指示，语音消息包传输的分片大小；
    所述分片间隔标识用于指示，语音消息包传输的分片间隔；
    所述分片发送速率标识用于指示，语音消息包传输的分片发送速率；
    所述编码方式标识用于指示，以目标编码方式编码得到语音消息包。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述接收来自所述第一 通话端的第一语音消息包之后，所述方法还包括：
    接收来自所述第一通话端的第一音频流，所述第一音频流为所述第一通话端确定第三信号强度大于第二阈值后发出的，所述第三信号强度为所述接入网络设备在所述第一通话端的信号强度大小；
    向所述第一媒体处理网元传输所述第一音频流，以通过所述第一媒体处理网元实现所述第一通话端与所述第二通话端之间的通话。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述接收来自所述第一通话端的第一音频流之前，所述方法还包括：
    接收来自所述第一通话端的第三度量信息，所述第三度量信息用于指示所述接入网络设备在所述第一通话端的所述第三信号强度；
    基于所述第三信号强度大于第二阈值，向所述第一通话端传输第一关闭通知，所述第一关闭通知用于指示所述第一通话端通过音频流的形式，实现与所述第二通话端之间的通话。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述接收来自所述第一通话端的第一语音消息包之后，所述方法还包括：
    接收来自所述第一通话端的第四度量信息，所述第四度量信息用于指示所述接入网络设备在所述第一通话端的第四信号强度；
    基于所述第四信号强度大于第二阈值，向所述第二媒体处理网元传输第二关闭通知，所述第二关闭通知用于指示所述第二媒体处理网元通过音频流的形式，实现所述第一通话端与所述第二通话端之间的通话；
    接收来自所述第二媒体处理网元的第二音频流；
    向所述第一通话端传输所述第二音频流。
  9. 根据权利要求6或7所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述接收来自所述第一通话端的第一语音消息包之后，所述方法还包括：
    接收来自所述第一通话端的第二关闭通知，所述第二关闭通知用于指示所述第二媒体处理网元通过音频流的形式，实现所述第一通话端与所述第二通话端之间的通话；
    向所述第二媒体处理网元传输所述第二关闭通知；
    接收来自所述第二媒体处理网元的第二音频流；
    向所述第一通话端传输所述第二音频流。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述接收来自所述第一通话端的第一语音消息包之前，所述方法还包括：
    向所述第一通话端传输第一换档指示，所述第一换档指示用于指示所述第一通话端在第一换档时间改变发送策略，通过第一发送策略传输语音消息包；
    所述接收来自所述第一通话端的第一语音消息包，包括：
    接收来自所述第一通话端的，通过所述第一发送策略传输的所述第一语音消息包；
    通过所述第一发送策略，向所述第一媒体处理网元传输所述第一语音消息包。
  11. 根据权利要求3至9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述接收来自所述第二 媒体处理网元的第二语音消息包之前，所述方法还包括：
    接收来自所述第一通话端的第二换档指示，所述第二换档指示用于指示所述第二媒体处理网元在第二标换档时间改变发送策略，通过第二发送策略传输语音消息包；
    所述接收来自所述第二媒体处理网元的第二语音消息包，包括：
    接收来自所述第二媒体处理网元的，通过所述第二发送策略传输的所述第二语音消息包；
    所述向所述第一通话端传输所述第二语音消息包，包括：
    通过所述第二发送策略，向所述第一通话端传输所述第二语音消息包。
  12. 一种数据传输方法，其特征在于，所述方法应用于第一通话端，所述方法包括：
    通过IP多媒体子系统IMS网络，建立与第二通话端之间的通话；
    确定所接入的接入网络设备的第一信号强度小于第一阈值，则对实时采集的第一通话音频进行编码得到第一语音消息包；
    通过所述接入网络设备，向第一媒体处理网元传输所述第一语音消息包，以通过所述第一媒体处理网元实现所述第一通话端与所述第二通话端之间的通话。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述对实时采集的第一通话音频进行编码得到第一语音消息包之前，所述方法还包括：
    向所述接入网络设备传输第一度量信息，所述第一度量信息用于指示所述接入网络设备在所述第一通话端的第一信号强度；
    接收来自所述接入网络设备的第一开启通知，所述第一开启通知用于指示所述第一通话端通过语音消息包的形式，实现与所述第二通话端之间的通话。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向所述接入网络设备传输第二度量信息，所述第二度量信息用于指示所述接入网络设备在所述第一通话端的第二信号强度；
    通过所述接入网络设备，接收来自第二媒体处理网元的第二语音消息包。
  15. 根据权利要求12或13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    通过所述接入网络设备，向所述第二媒体处理网元传输第二开启通知，所述第二开启通知用于指示所述第二媒体处理网元通过语音消息包的形式，实现所述第一通话端与所述第二通话端之间的通话；
    通过所述接入网络设备，接收来自所述第二媒体处理网元的第二语音消息包。
  16. 根据权利要求13至15中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一开启通知和/或所述第二开启通知中的每一个，包括：
    分片大小标识、分片间隔标识、分片发送速率标识和编码方式标识中的至少一项；
    所述分片大小标识用于指示，语音消息包传输的分片大小；
    所述分片间隔标识用于指示，语音消息包传输的分片间隔；
    所述分片发送速率标识用于指示，语音消息包传输的分片发送速率；
    所述编码方式标识用于指示，以目标编码方式编码得到语音消息包。
  17. 根据权利要求12至16中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述通过所述接入网 络设备，向第一媒体处理网元传输所述第一语音消息包之后，所述方法还包括：
    确定所述接入网络设备的第三信号强度大于第二阈值，则通过所述接入网络设备，向所述第一媒体处理网元传输第一音频流，以通过所述第一媒体处理网元实现所述第一通话端与所述第二通话端之间的通话。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述通过所述接入网络设备，向所述第一媒体处理网元传输第一音频流之前，所述方法还包括：
    向所述接入网络设备传输第三度量信息，所述第三度量信息用于指示所述接入网络设备在所述第一通话端的所述第三信号强度；
    接收来自所述接入网络设备的第一关闭通知，所述第一关闭通知用于指示所述第一通话端通过音频流的形式，实现与所述第二通话端之间的通话。
  19. 根据权利要求17或18所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述通过所述接入网络设备，向第一媒体处理网元传输所述第一语音消息包之后，所述方法还包括：
    向所述接入网络设备传输第四度量信息，所述第四度量信息用于指示所述接入网络设备在所述第一通话端的第四信号强度；
    通过所述接入网络设备，接收来自所述第二媒体处理网元的第二音频流。
  20. 根据权利要求17或18所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述通过所述接入网络设备，向第一媒体处理网元传输所述第一语音消息包之后，所述方法还包括：
    通过所述接入网络设备，向所述第二媒体处理网元传输第二关闭通知，所述第二关闭通知用于指示所述第二媒体处理网元通过音频流的形式，实现所述第一通话端与所述第二通话端之间的通话；
    通过所述接入网络设备，接收来自所述第二媒体处理网元的第二音频流。
  21. 根据权利要求12至20中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述通过所述接入网络设备，向第一媒体处理网元传输所述第一语音消息包之前，所述方法还包括：
    接收来自所述接入网络设备的第一换档指示，所述第一换档指示用于指示所述第一通话端在第一换档时间改变发送策略，通过第一发送策略传输语音消息包；
    所述通过所述接入网络设备，向第一媒体处理网元传输所述第一语音消息包，包括：
    通过所述第一发送策略，向所述接入网络设备传输所述第一语音消息包，以通过所述接入网络设备向所述第一媒体处理网元传输所述第一语音消息包。
  22. 根据权利要求14至20中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述通过所述接入网络设备，接收来自第二媒体处理网元的第二语音消息包之前，所述方法还包括：
    通过所述接入网络设备，向所述第二媒体处理网元传输第二换档指示，所述第二换档指示用于指示所述第二媒体处理网元在第二换档时间改变发送策略，通过第二发送策略传输语音消息包；
    所述通过所述接入网络设备，接收来自第二媒体处理网元的第二语音消息包，包括：
    通过所述接入网络设备，接收来自所述第二媒体处理网元的，通过所述第二发送策略传输的所述第二语音消息包。
  23. 一种数据传输方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    接入网设备通过IP多媒体子系统IMS网络，建立第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话；
    所述第一通话端确定所接入的接入网络设备的第一信号强度小于第一阈值，则对实时采集的第一通话音频进行编码得到第一语音消息包；
    所述第一通话端向所述接入网络设备传输所述第一语音消息包；
    所述接入网设备接收来自所述第一通话端的所述第一语音消息包；
    所述接入网设备向第一媒体处理网元传输所述第一语音消息包，以通过所述媒体处理网元实现所述第一通话端与所述第二通话端之间的通话。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述第一通话端对实时采集的第一通话音频进行编码得到第一语音消息包之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一通话端向所述接入网络设备传输第一度量信息，所述第一度量信息用于指示所述接入网络设备在所述第一通话端的第一信号强度；
    所述接入网设备接收来自所述第一通话端的所述第一度量信息；
    所述接入网设备基于所述第一信号强度小于第一阈值，向所述第一通话端传输第一开启通知，所述第一开启通知用于指示所述第一通话端通过语音消息包的形式，实现与所述第二通话端之间的通话；
    所述第一通话端接收来自所述接入网络设备的所述第一开启通知。
  25. 根据权利要求23或24所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一通话端向所述接入网络设备传输第二度量信息，所述第二度量信息用于指示所述接入网络设备在所述第一通话端的第二信号强度；
    所述接入网设备接收来自所述第一通话端的所述第二度量信息；
    基于所述第二信号强度小于第一阈值，所述接入网设备向第二媒体处理网元传输第二开启通知，所述第二开启通知用于指示所述第二媒体处理网元通过语音消息包的形式，实现所述第一通话端与所述第二通话端之间的通话；
    所述接入网设备接收来自所述第二媒体处理网元的第二语音消息包；
    所述接入网设备向所述第一通话端传输所述第二语音消息包；
    所述第一通话端接收所述第二语音消息包。
  26. 根据权利要求23或24所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一通话端向所述接入网络设备传输第二开启通知，所述第二开启通知用于指示所述第二媒体处理网元通过语音消息包的形式，实现所述第一通话端与所述第二通话端之间的通话；
    所述接入网设备接收来自所述第一通话端的所述第二开启通知；
    所述接入网设备向所述第二媒体处理网元传输所述第二开启通知；
    所述接入网设备接收来自所述第二媒体处理网元的第二语音消息包；
    所述接入网设备向所述第一通话端传输所述第二语音消息包；
    所述第一通话端接收所述第二语音消息包。
  27. 根据权利要求24至26中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一开启通知和/或所述第二开启通知中的每一个，包括：
    分片大小标识、分片间隔标识、分片发送速率标识和编码方式标识中的至少一项；
    所述分片大小标识用于指示，语音消息包传输的分片大小；
    所述分片间隔标识用于指示，语音消息包传输的分片间隔；
    所述分片发送速率标识用于指示，语音消息包传输的分片发送速率；
    所述编码方式标识用于指示，以目标编码方式编码得到语音消息包。
  28. 根据权利要求23至27中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述第一通话端通过所述接入网络设备，向第一媒体处理网元传输所述第一语音消息包之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一通话端确定所述接入网络设备的第三信号强度大于第二阈值，则向所述接入网络设备传输第一音频流，所述第三信号强度为所述接入网络设备在所述第一通话端的信号强度大小；
    所述接入网设备向所述第一媒体处理网元传输所述第一音频流，以通过所述第一媒体处理网元实现所述第一通话端与所述第二通话端之间的通话。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述第一通话端向所述接入网络设备传输第一音频流之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一通话端向所述接入网络设备传输第三度量信息，所述第三度量信息用于指示所述接入网络设备在所述第一通话端的所述第三信号强度；
    所述接入网设备接收来自所述第一通话端的所述第三度量信息；
    基于所述第三信号强度大于第二阈值，所述接入网设备向所述第一通话端传输第一关闭通知，所述第一关闭通知用于指示所述第一通话端通过音频流的形式，实现与所述第二通话端之间的通话；
    所述第一通话端接收来自所述接入网络设备的所述第一关闭通知。
  30. 根据权利要求28或29所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述第一通话端向所述接入网络设备传输所述第一语音消息包之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一通话端向所述接入网络设备传输第四度量信息，所述第四度量信息用于指示所述接入网络设备在所述第一通话端的第四信号强度；
    所述接入网设备接收来自所述第一通话端的所述第四度量信息；
    基于所述第四信号强度大于第二阈值，所述接入网设备向所述第二媒体处理网元传输第二关闭通知，所述第二关闭通知用于指示所述第二媒体处理网元通过音频流的形式，实现所述第一通话端与所述第二通话端之间的通话；
    所述接入网设备接收来自所述第二媒体处理网元的第二音频流；
    所述接入网设备向所述第一通话端传输所述第二音频流；
    所述第一通话端接收所述第二音频流。
  31. 根据权利要求28或29所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述第一通话端向所述接入网络设备传输所述第一语音消息包之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一通话端向所述接入网络设备传输第二关闭通知，所述第二关闭通知用于指示所述第二媒体处理网元通过音频流的形式，实现所述第一通话端与所述第二通话端之间的通话；
    所述接入网设备接收来自所述第一通话端的所述第二关闭通知；
    所述接入网设备向所述第二媒体处理网元传输所述第二关闭通知；
    所述接入网设备接收来自所述第二媒体处理网元的第二音频流；
    所述接入网设备向所述第一通话端传输所述第二音频流；
    所述第一通话端接收所述第二音频流。
  32. 根据权利要求23至31中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述接入网设备接收来自所述第一通话端的第一语音消息包之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述接入网设备向所述第一通话端传输第一换档指示，所述第一换档指示用于指示所述第一通话端在第一换档时间改变发送策略，通过第一发送策略传输语音消息包；
    所述第一通话端接收来自所述接入网络设备的所述第一换档指示；
    所述第一通话端向所述接入网络设备传输所述第一语音消息包，包括：
    所述第一通话端通过所述第一发送策略，向所述接入网络设备传输所述第一语音消息包，以通过所述接入网络设备向所述第一媒体处理网元传输所述第一语音消息包；
    所述接入网设备接收来自所述第一通话端的第一语音消息包，包括：
    所述接入网设备接收来自所述第一通话端的，通过所述第一发送策略传输的所述第一语音消息包；
    所述接入网设备通过所述第一发送策略，向所述第一媒体处理网元传输所述第一语音消息包。
  33. 根据权利要求25至31中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述接入网设备接收来自所述第二媒体处理网元的第二语音消息包之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一通话端向所述接入网络设备传输第二换档指示，所述第二换档指示用于指示所述第二媒体处理网元在第二换档时间改变发送策略，通过第二发送策略传输语音消息包；
    所述接入网设备接收来自所述第一通话端的所述第二换档指示；
    所述接入网设备接收来自所述第二媒体处理网元的第二语音消息包，包括：
    所述接入网设备接收来自所述第二媒体处理网元的，通过所述第二发送策略传输的所述第二语音消息包；
    所述接入网设备向所述第一通话端传输所述第二语音消息包，包括：
    所述接入网设备通过所述第二发送策略，向所述第一通话端传输所述第二语音消息包；
    所述第一通话端接收所述第二语音消息包，包括：
    所述第一通话端接收来自所述接入网络设备的，通过所述第二发送策略传输的所述第二语音消息包。
  34. 一种接入网络设备，其特征在于，所述接入网络设备包括：
    处理器和收发器；
    所述处理器用于：处理得到所述收发器所传输的数据，和/或，对所述收发器所接收的数据进行处理；
    所述收发器用于：
    通过IP多媒体子系统IMS网络，建立第一通话端与第二通话端之间的通话；
    接收来自所述第一通话端的第一语音消息包，所述第一语音消息包为所述第一通话端确定第一信号强度小于第一阈值后发出的，所述第一信号强度为所述接入网络设备在所述第一通话端的信号强度大小；
    向第一媒体处理网元传输所述第一语音消息包，以通过所述第一媒体处理网元实现所述第一通话端与所述第二通话端之间的通话；
    所述接入网络设备用于实现权利要求1至11中任一项所述的数据传输方法。
  35. 一种第一通话端，其特征在于，所述第一通话端包括：
    处理器和收发器；
    所述处理器用于：处理得到所述收发器所传输的数据，和/或，对所述收发器所接收的数据进行处理；
    所述收发器用于：
    通过IP多媒体子系统IMS网络，建立与第二通话端之间的通话；
    确定所接入的接入网络设备的第一信号强度小于第一阈值，则对实时采集的第一通话音频进行编码得到第一语音消息包；
    通过所述接入网络设备，向第一媒体处理网元传输所述第一语音消息包，以通过所述第一媒体处理网元实现所述第一通话端与所述第二通话端之间的通话；
    所述第一通话端用于实现权利要求12至22中任一项所述的数据传输方法。
  36. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，所述通信系统包括：
    第一通话端、接入网络设备、第一媒体处理网元、第二媒体处理网元和第二通话端；
    所述通信系统用于实现权利要求1至22中任一项所述的数据传输方法。
  37. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质中保存有程序，当计算机执行所述程序时，执行如权利要求1至22中任一项所述的方法。
  38. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，当所述计算机程序产品在计算机上执行时，所述计算机执行如权利要求1至22中任一项所述的方法。
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