WO2023246690A1

WO2023246690A1 - Electronic device

Info

Publication number: WO2023246690A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/101033
Authority: WO
Inventors: 施佑霖; 张志华; 李建铭
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2022-06-23
Filing date: 2023-06-19
Publication date: 2023-12-28
Also published as: CN117335143A

Abstract

Provided in the embodiments of the present application is an electronic device, which device comprises an antenna, the antenna using part of a conductive frame as a radiator, such that a plurality of resonant frequency bands can be generated while fewer gaps are formed in the frame, thereby meeting the communication requirements of the electronic device. The electronic device comprises a floor, a conductive frame and an antenna. The frame has a first position and a second position, wherein the frame is grounded at the first position, the second position is provided with a gap, and a first frame between the first position and the second position is used as a radiator of an antenna. The first frame comprises a first grounding point, a first feeding point and a second feeding point, wherein the first feeding point is located between the first grounding point and the first position; the second feeding point is located between the first grounding point and the second position; and a frame length L1 frame between the first position and the first grounding point and a frame length L2 between the second position and the first grounding point satisfy: 1.8 ≤ L1/L2 ≤ 2.2.

Description

an electronic device

This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on June 23, 2022, with application number 202210719623.9 and the application title "An electronic device", the entire content of which is incorporated into this application by reference.

Technical field

The present application relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular, to an electronic device.

Background technique

Among the many technologies that improve wireless transmission characteristics, the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system is a widely adopted core technology. The MIMO system can have both spatial diversity technology and spatial multitasking. (spatial multiplexing), by erecting multiple antennas at the transmitter and receiver ends to provide spatial freedom to improve the spectral efficiency of the communication system, effectively increase the channel capacity, and significantly increase the user's download and upload rates. The fifth generation (fifth generation) generation, 5G) New Radio (NR) MIMO system multi-antenna architecture (2×2) or wireless fidelity (WiFi) 6/7 MIMO system multi-antenna architecture (4×4 or 8×8) will be the trend of future communication applications.

Currently, in the multi-antenna architecture of long term evolution (LTE)/5GNR MIMO in electronic equipment, it is more appropriate to place multiple antenna units and use the conductive frame in the electronic equipment as the radiator of the antenna unit. design integration solution.

Contents of the invention

Embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device, including an antenna. The antenna uses part of a conductive frame as a radiator, which reduces gaps in the frame and can also generate multiple resonant frequency bands to meet the communication needs of the electronic device.

In a first aspect, an electronic device is provided, including: a floor; a conductive frame, the frame has a first position and a second position, the frame is grounded at the first position, and a gap is provided at the second position , the frame between the first position and the second position is a first frame; the antenna includes the first frame, the first frame includes a first ground point, a first feed point and a second feed point. electrical point, the first feeding point is located between the first grounding point and the first position, and the second feeding point is located between the first grounding point and the second position; wherein , the antenna further includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first feeding unit and a second feeding unit, the first end of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the first frame at a first feeding point , the second end of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the first feeding unit, the first end of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the first frame at the second feeding point, the second The second end of the capacitor is electrically connected to the second feeding unit; the length L1 of the first frame between the first position and the first ground point and the length L1 of the second position and the first ground point The length L2 of the first border between them satisfies: 1.8≤L1/L2≤2.2.

According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, when the first feeding unit feeds power, the antenna may serve as the first antenna unit. When fed by the second feeding unit, the antenna may serve as the second antenna unit. The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application forms a dual-antenna structure that uses the frame of the electronic device as the radiator of the antenna, and only opens a single slit on the frame. The complexity of the manufacturing process is greatly reduced, and the integrity of the frame is reduced. sexual influence. At the same time, each antenna unit in the dual-antenna structure can generate dual resonance, allowing it to operate in two different frequency bands at the same time, meeting the communication needs of electronic equipment, and good isolation between the two antenna units can be maintained.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, when the first feeding unit feeds power, the antenna generates a first resonance and a second resonance, and the resonant frequency of the first resonance is lower than the first resonance. The resonant frequency of the second resonance; when the second feeding unit feeds power, the antenna generates the third resonance and the fourth resonance; the resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the resonant frequency band of the third resonance are the same frequency , the resonant frequency band of the second resonance and the resonant frequency band of the fourth resonance are at the same frequency.

According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, when the first feeding unit feeds power, the antenna can function as the first antenna unit to generate a first resonance and a second resonance, and the resonant frequency of the first resonance is lower than the resonant frequency of the second resonance. . The first resonance is generated by the first frame between the first position and the second position, and the second resonance is generated by the first frame between the first position and the first feeding point. Corresponding to the first resonance, the antenna has a linear antenna structure and the working mode is three-quarter wavelength mode. Corresponding to the second resonance, the antenna has a closed slot structure and the working mode is a half-wavelength mode.

When the second feeding unit feeds power, the antenna can be used as the second antenna unit to generate the third resonance and the fourth resonance. The resonance frequency band of the first resonance and the resonance frequency band of the third resonance are the same frequency, and the resonance frequency band of the second resonance is the same as the resonance frequency band of the second resonance. The resonant frequency band of the fourth resonance is the same frequency. Therefore, the antenna can be used in MIMO systems. The third resonance is generated by the first frame between the ground point and the second position, and the fourth resonance is generated by the first frame between the second feeding point and the second position. Corresponding to the third resonance, the antenna is an inverted F antenna structure, and the working mode is a quarter-wavelength mode. Corresponding to the fourth resonance, the antenna has a slotted hole structure and the working mode is a quarter-wavelength mode.

In connection with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the frequency ratio of the resonant frequency f1 of the first resonance and the resonant frequency f2 of the second resonance satisfies: 1.1≤f2/f1≤1.5.

According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the antenna has good performance at both high frequency (the resonant frequency band of the second resonance and the resonant frequency band of the fourth resonance) and low frequency (the resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the third resonance). Radiation characteristics, the frequency difference between low frequency and high frequency should be kept within a reasonable range.

Combined with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the capacitance value C1 of the first capacitor satisfies: 0.3pF≤C1≤1pF; and/or the capacitance value C2 of the second capacitor satisfies: 0.3 pF≤C2≤1pF.

According to the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, this application only takes the 3300MHz-3800MHz frequency band as an example for explanation. In actual applications, the capacitance value of the first capacitor and the capacitance value of the second capacitor can be adjusted according to design requirements.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first capacitor includes at least one of a lumped capacitor device and a distributed capacitor device; the second capacitor includes a lumped capacitor device, and At least one of the distributed capacitive devices.

In connection with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first capacitor includes a first metal layer and a second metal layer, and the first metal layer and the second metal layer are spaced apart along a first direction. , and the projections of the first metal layer and the second metal layer along the first direction on the plane where the floor is located at least partially overlap, the first metal layer and the first frame are on the first The feed point is electrically connected, the second metal layer is electrically connected to the first feed unit, and the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the plane of the floor; the second capacitor includes a third metal layer and a fourth metal layer, the third metal layer and the fourth metal layer are spaced apart along the first direction, and the third metal layer and the fourth metal layer are in the first direction along the first direction. The projections on the plane where the floor is located at least partially overlap, the third metal layer is electrically connected to the first frame at the second feed point, and the fourth metal layer is electrically connected to the second feed unit.

According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, for the distributed capacitor, the electrical parameters of the first capacitor or the electrical parameters of the second capacitor can be controlled (for example, the electrical parameters of the medium filled between the first metal layer and the second metal layer). Relative dielectric constant), adjust the capacitance value of the first capacitor or the second capacitor, thereby adjusting the radiation characteristics of the antenna.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna further includes an inductor; a first end of the inductor is electrically connected to the second metal layer, and a second end of the inductor is electrically connected to the second metal layer. The fourth metal layer is electrically connected.

According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, by setting an inductor between the first capacitor and the second capacitor, the impedance corresponding to the CM mode and the impedance of the DM mode in the antenna can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the isolation between multiple antenna units.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, when the first feeding unit feeds power, the antenna generates a first resonance and a second resonance, and the resonant frequency of the first resonance is lower than the first resonance. The resonant frequency of the second resonance; the length of the first frame between the first feed point and the first ground point is less than or equal to one-eighth of the first wavelength, and the first wavelength is the The wavelength corresponding to the first resonance; the length of the first frame between the second feed point and the first ground point is less than or equal to one-eighth of the first wavelength.

According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the positions of the first feed point and the second feed point are adjusted so that when the electrical signal is fed in, the antenna can generate the first resonance, the second resonance, the third resonance and the fourth resonance. .

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the frame further has a third position and a fourth position, and the frame between the second position and the fourth position is a second frame, so The second frame includes the first frame, and the third position is between the fourth position and the first position; the frame is grounded at the third position, and a gap is provided at the fourth position; The antenna includes a second frame, and the frame between the third position and the fourth position includes a second ground point, a third feed point and a fourth feed point, and the third feed point is located at between the second grounding point and the third position, and the fourth feeding point is located between the second grounding point and the fourth position.

According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the frame between the first position and the second position forms a first antenna (the first antenna may include a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit, and when the first feeding unit feeds power, as The first antenna unit, when feeding the second feeding unit, serves as the second antenna unit), and the frame between the third position and the fourth position forms the second antenna (the second antenna may include a third antenna unit and a fourth antenna) When the third feeding unit feeds power, it serves as the third antenna unit. When the fourth feeding unit feeds power, it serves as the fourth antenna unit. unit). The isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna can be adjusted through the design of the frame between the first position and the third position.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, when the first feeding unit feeds power, the antenna generates a first resonance and a second resonance, and the resonant frequency of the first resonance is lower than the first resonance. The resonant frequency of the second resonance; the length of the frame between the first position and the third position is greater than or equal to one-fifth of the first wavelength and less than or equal to one-half of the first wavelength. , the first wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the first resonance.

According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna increases as the length of the frame between the first position and the third position increases. When the length of the frame between the first position and the third position is greater than or equal to half of the first wavelength, additional resonance may be generated, which may interfere with the antenna and affect the radiation characteristics of the antenna. Therefore, the first The length of the border between the first position and the third position needs to be within a reasonable range. For example, the length of the border between the first position and the third position is between one-fifth of the first wavelength and half of the first wavelength. between one.

In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, including: a floor; a conductive frame, the frame has a first position and a second position, the frame is grounded at the first position, and a gap is provided at the second position , the frame between the first position and the second position is a first frame; the antenna includes the first frame, the first frame includes a first ground point, a first feed point and a second feed point. electrical point, the first feeding point is located between the first grounding point and the first position, and the second feeding point is located between the first grounding point and the second position; wherein , the antenna further includes a first feeding unit and a second feeding unit, the first feeding unit is electrically connected to the first frame at a first feeding point, and the second feeding unit is electrically connected to the first feeding point. The second frame is electrically connected at the second feeding point; when the first feeding unit feeds power, the antenna generates a first resonance and a second resonance, and the resonant frequency of the first resonance is lower than the third resonance. The resonant frequency of the second resonance. When the second feeding unit feeds power, the antenna generates a third resonance and a fourth resonance. The resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the resonant frequency band of the third resonance are the same frequency, so The resonant frequency band of the second resonance and the resonant frequency band of the fourth resonance are of the same frequency; the length L1 of the first frame between the first position and the first ground point and the length L1 of the second position and the third The length L2 of the first frame between a ground point satisfies: 1.8≤L1/L2≤2.2.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the antenna further includes a first capacitor and a second capacitor; the first end of the first capacitor and the first frame are at a first feeding point The second end of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the first feed unit; the first end of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the first frame at the second feed point, so The second end of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the second feeding unit.

Combined with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the frequency ratio of the resonant frequency f1 of the first resonance and the resonant frequency f2 of the second resonance satisfies: 1.1≤f2/f1≤1.5.

Combined with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the capacitance value C1 of the first capacitor satisfies: 0.3pF≤C1≤1pF; and/or the capacitance value C2 of the second capacitor satisfies: 0.3 pF≤C2≤1pF.

In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first capacitor includes at least one of a lumped capacitor device and a distributed capacitor device; the second capacitor includes a lumped capacitor device, and At least one of the distributed capacitive devices.

In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first capacitor includes a first metal layer and a second metal layer, and the first metal layer and the second metal layer are spaced apart along the first direction. , and the projections of the first metal layer and the second metal layer along the first direction on the plane where the floor is located at least partially overlap, the first metal layer and the first frame are on the first The feed point is electrically connected, the second metal layer is electrically connected to the first feed unit, and the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the plane of the floor; the second capacitor includes a third metal layer and a fourth metal layer, the third metal layer and the fourth metal layer are spaced apart along the first direction, and the third metal layer and the fourth metal layer are in the first direction along the first direction. The projections on the plane where the floor is located at least partially overlap, the third metal layer is electrically connected to the first frame at the second feed point, and the fourth metal layer is electrically connected to the second feed unit.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the antenna further includes an inductor; a first end of the inductor is electrically connected to the second metal layer, and a second end of the inductor is electrically connected to the second metal layer. The fourth metal layer is electrically connected.

In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the length of the first frame between the first feed point and the first ground point is less than or equal to one-eighth of the first wavelength, The first wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the first resonance; the length of the first frame between the second feed point and the first ground point is less than or equal to one-eighth of the first wavelength.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the frame further has a third position and a fourth position, and the frame between the second position and the fourth position is a second frame, so The second frame includes the first frame, and the third position is between the fourth position and the first position; the frame is grounded at the third position, and a gap is provided at the fourth position; The antenna includes a second frame, and the frame between the third position and the fourth position includes a second ground point, a third feed point and a fourth feed point. point, the third feeding point is located between the second grounding point and the third position, and the fourth feeding point is located between the second grounding point and the fourth position.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, when the first feeding unit feeds power, the antenna generates a first resonance and a second resonance, and the resonant frequency of the first resonance is lower than the second resonance. The resonant frequency of the second resonance; the length of the frame between the first position and the third position is greater than or equal to one-fifth of the first wavelength and less than or equal to one-half of the first wavelength. , the first wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the first resonance.

Description of the drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

3 is a schematic diagram of a resonant path of a first resonance and a resonant path of a second resonance.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a resonance path of the third resonance and a resonance path of the fourth resonance.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the current generating the first resonance when the first feeding unit feeds power.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the current generating the second resonance when the first feeding unit feeds power.

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of current distribution when the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit feed power.

FIG. 8 is a directional diagram of the first resonance and the directional diagram of the third resonance.

Figure 9 shows the current distribution generated by the second resonance and the current distribution generated by the fourth resonance.

FIG. 10 is a directional diagram of the second resonance generation and a directional diagram of the fourth resonance generation.

Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the first capacitor and the second capacitor.

Figure 12 is the S parameters of the antenna in the electronic device shown in Figure 2.

Figure 13 is a simulation result diagram of the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the antenna in the electronic device shown in Figure 2.

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Figure 15 is an impedance circle diagram of CM mode and DM mode.

FIG. 16 is the S parameters of the antenna in the electronic device 100 shown in FIG. 14 .

FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device 200 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of another electronic device 200 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of yet another electronic device 200 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 20 is an S parameter of the antenna in the electronic device 200 shown in FIG. 17 .

FIG. 21 is a simulation result of the isolation degree of the antenna in the electronic device 200 shown in FIG. 17 .

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The terms that may appear in the embodiments of this application are explained below.

Coupling: can be understood as direct coupling and/or indirect coupling, and "coupling connection" can be understood as direct coupling connection and/or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be called "electrical connection", which is understood as the physical contact and electrical conduction of components; it can also be understood as the printed circuit board (PCB) copper foil or wires between different components in the circuit structure. A form of connection through physical lines that can transmit electrical signals; "indirect coupling" can be understood as two conductors being electrically connected through space/non-contact. In one embodiment, indirect coupling may also be called capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through coupling between a gap between two conductive members.

Connection/connection: It can refer to a mechanical connection relationship or a physical connection relationship. For example, the connection between A and B or the connection between A and B can refer to the existence of fastening components (such as screws, bolts, rivets, etc.) between A and B. Or A and B are in contact with each other and A and B are difficult to separate.

Capacitance: can be understood as lumped capacitance and/or distributed capacitance. Lumped capacitance refers to capacitive components, such as capacitor components; distributed capacitance (or distributed capacitance) refers to the equivalent capacitance formed by two conductive parts separated by a certain gap.

Resonance/resonance frequency: Resonance frequency is also called resonance frequency. The resonant frequency can refer to the frequency at which the imaginary part of the antenna input impedance is zero. The resonant frequency can have a frequency range, that is, the frequency range in which resonance occurs. The frequency corresponding to the strongest resonance point is the center frequency point frequency. The return loss characteristics of the center frequency can be less than -20dB.

Resonance frequency band/communication frequency band/working frequency band: No matter what type of antenna, it always works within a certain frequency range (frequency band width). For example, the operating frequency band of an antenna that supports the B40 band includes frequencies in the range of 2300MHz to 2400MHz. In other words, the antenna The operating frequency band includes the B40 frequency band. The frequency range that meets the index requirements can be regarded as the working frequency band of the antenna.

Electrical length: It can refer to the ratio of physical length (i.e. mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. The electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

Among them, L is the physical length, and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

Wavelength: or working wavelength, which can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the center frequency of the working frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming that the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonant frequency is 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using the frequency of 1955MHz. Not limited to the center frequency, "working wavelength" can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency or non-center frequency of the working frequency band.

The limitations on position and distance mentioned in the embodiments of the present application, such as the middle or middle position, are based on the current technological level and are not absolutely strict definitions in a mathematical sense. For example, the middle (position) of the conductor can be a conductor section including the midpoint on the conductor, or a conductor section of one-eighth wavelength including the midpoint of the conductor, where the wavelength can be corresponding to the working frequency band of the antenna. The wavelength can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band, or the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point. As another example, the middle (location) of the conductor may be a portion of the conductor on the conductor that is less than a predetermined threshold (eg, 1 mm, 2 mm, or 2.5 mm) from the midpoint.

The limitations mentioned in the embodiments of this application such as symmetry (for example, axial symmetry, or central symmetry, etc.), parallel, perpendicular, identical (for example, the same length, the same width, the same structure, etc.) are all for the current In terms of technological level, rather than an absolutely strict definition in a mathematical sense. For example, there may be a predetermined angle (eg ±5°, ±10°) deviation between two antenna units that are parallel or perpendicular to each other.

Antenna radiation efficiency: refers to the ratio of the power radiated by the antenna to space (that is, the power of the electromagnetic wave effectively converted) and the active power input to the antenna. Among them, the active power input to the antenna = the input power of the antenna - the loss power; the loss power mainly includes the return loss power and the ohmic loss power of the metal and/or the dielectric loss power. Radiation efficiency is a measure of the radiation ability of an antenna. Metal loss and dielectric loss are both influencing factors of radiation efficiency.

Those skilled in the art can understand that efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, and there is a corresponding conversion relationship between it and dB. The closer the efficiency is to 0dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna is.

Antenna return loss: It can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port through the antenna circuit and the transmit power of the antenna port. The smaller the reflected signal is, the greater the signal radiated to space through the antenna is, and the greater the antenna's radiation efficiency is. The larger the reflected signal is, the smaller the signal radiated to space through the antenna is, and the smaller the antenna's radiation efficiency is.

Antenna return loss can be represented by the S11 parameter, which is one of the S parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, which can characterize the antenna's emission efficiency. The S11 parameter is usually a negative number. The smaller the S11 parameter, the smaller the return loss of the antenna, and the smaller the energy reflected back by the antenna itself, which means that more energy actually enters the antenna, and the higher the system efficiency of the antenna is. S11 parameter The larger the value, the greater the antenna return loss and the lower the antenna system efficiency.

It should be noted that in engineering, the S11 value of -6dB is generally used as a standard. When the S11 value of an antenna is less than -6dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally, or the antenna's radiation efficiency can be considered to be good.

Ground, or floor: can generally refer to at least part of any ground layer, or ground plate, or ground metal layer, etc. in an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or any combination of any of the above ground layers, or ground plates, or ground components, etc. At least in part, "ground" can be used to ground components within electronic equipment. In one embodiment, "ground" may be the grounding layer of the circuit board of the electronic device, or it may be the grounding plate formed by the middle frame of the electronic device or the grounding metal layer formed by the metal film under the screen. In one embodiment, the circuit board may be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-, 10-, or 12- to 14-layer board with 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or by a circuit board such as Components separated and electrically insulated by dielectric or insulating layers such as fiberglass, polymer, etc. In one embodiment, the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate, a ground layer and a wiring layer, and the wiring layer and the ground layer are electrically connected through vias. In one embodiment, components such as a display, touch screen, input buttons, transmitter, processor, memory, battery, charging circuit, system on chip (SoC) structure, etc. may be mounted on or connected to the circuit board; Or electrically connected to trace and/or ground planes in the circuit board. For example, the RF source is placed on the wiring layer.

Any of the above ground layers, or ground plates, or ground metal layers are made of conductive materials. In one embodiment, the conductive material may be any of the following materials: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum on an insulating substrate. foil, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil and tin-plated copper on an insulating substrate, cloth impregnated with graphite powder, graphite-coated substrate, copper-plated base plate, brass plated base plate and aluminum plated base plate. Those skilled in the art can understand that the ground layer/ground plate/ground metal layer can also be made of other conductive materials.

Ideal electric conductor (PEC): On the surface of an ideal electric conductor, all electric fields are perpendicular to the PEC (the magnetic fields are parallel to the PMC).

Ideal magnetic conductor (perfect magnetic conductor, PMC): On the surface of an ideal magnetic conductor, all magnetic fields are perpendicular to the PMC (the electric fields are parallel to the PMC).

It should be understood that the resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance (also called the same frequency, the same) mentioned in this article can be understood as any one of the following situations:

The resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance include the same communication frequency band. For example, the first resonance and the second resonance may be applied to the MIMO antenna system, and the resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance both include In the sub6G frequency band in 5G, it can be considered that the resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance are at the same frequency.

The resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance have partial frequency overlap. For example, the resonant frequency band of the first resonance includes B35 (1.85-1.91GHz) in LTE, and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance includes B39 ( 1.88-1.92GHz), the resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance partially overlap, then it can be considered that the resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance are of the same frequency. The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, the electronic device 10 may include: a cover (cover) 13, a display screen/module (display) 15, a printed circuit board (PCB) 17, a middle frame (middle frame) 19 and a rear panel. Cover (rear cover)21. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the cover 13 can be a glass cover (cover glass), or can be replaced with a cover made of other materials, such as an ultra-thin glass material cover, PET (Polyethylene terephthalate, polytetraphenylene). Ethylene formate) material cover, etc.

Among them, the cover 13 can be placed close to the display module 15 and can be mainly used to protect the display module 15 and prevent dust.

In one embodiment, the display module 15 may include a liquid crystal display panel (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display panel or an organic light-emitting semiconductor (organic light-emitting diode, OLED) display panel, etc. , the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

The middle frame 19 mainly plays a supporting role of the whole machine. Figure 1 shows that the PCB 17 is disposed between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21. It should be understood that in one embodiment, the PCB 17 can also be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15. In this embodiment of the present application, There are no restrictions. Among them, the printed circuit board PCB17 can use a flame-resistant material (FR-4) dielectric board, a Rogers dielectric board, or a mixed dielectric board of Rogers and FR-4, etc. Here, FR-4 is the code for a flame-resistant material grade, and Rogers dielectric board is a high-frequency board. PCB17 carries electronic components, such as radio frequency chips, etc. In one embodiment, a metal layer may be provided on the printed circuit board PCB 17 . This metal layer can be used for grounding the electronic components carried on the printed circuit board PCB17, and can also be used for grounding other components, such as bracket antennas, frame antennas, etc. The metal layer can be called a floor, a ground plate, or a ground layer. In one embodiment, the metal layer may be formed by etching metal on the surface of any dielectric board in the PCB 17 . In one embodiment, the metal layer used for grounding may be disposed on a side of the printed circuit board PCB 17 close to the middle frame 19 . In one embodiment, the edge of the printed circuit board PCB 17 can be regarded as the edge of its ground plane. In one embodiment, the metal middle frame 19 can also be used for grounding the above components. The electronic device 10 may also have other floors/ground plates/ground layers, as mentioned above, which will not be described again here.

The electronic device 10 may also include a battery (not shown in the figure). The battery may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21 , or may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15 , which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. In some embodiments, the PCB 17 is divided into a main board and a sub-board. The battery can be disposed between the main board and the sub-board. The main board can be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the upper edge of the battery, and the sub-board can be disposed between the main board and the sub-board. Between the middle frame 19 and the lower edge of the battery.

The electronic device 10 may also include a frame 11, and the frame 11 may be formed of a conductive material such as metal. The frame 11 may be disposed between the display module 15 and the back cover 21 and extend circumferentially around the periphery of the electronic device 10 . The frame 11 may have four sides surrounding the display module 15 to help fix the display module 15 . In one implementation, the frame 11 made of metal material can be directly used as the metal frame of the electronic device 10 to form the appearance of a metal frame, which is suitable for metal industrial design (ID). In another implementation, the outer surface of the frame 11 can also be made of non-metal material, such as a plastic frame, to form the appearance of a non-metal frame, which is suitable for non-metal IDs.

The middle frame 19 may include a frame 11 , and the middle frame 19 including the frame 11 may act as an integral part to support electronic devices in the entire machine. The cover 13 and the back cover 21 are respectively covered along the upper and lower edges of the frame to form a shell or housing of the electronic device. In one embodiment, the cover 13 , the back cover 21 , the frame 11 and/or the middle frame 19 can be collectively referred to as the casing or housing of the electronic device 10 . Should be possible It is understood that "casing or housing" can be used to refer to part or all of any one of the cover 13 , the back cover 21 , the frame 11 or the middle frame 19 , or to refer to the cover 13 , the back cover 21 , the frame 11 or the middle frame 19 . Any combination of some or all of Box 19.

The frame 11 on the middle frame 19 can be at least partially used as an antenna radiator to receive/transmit frequency signals. There can be a gap between this part of the frame as the radiator and other parts of the middle frame 19, thereby ensuring that the antenna radiator has good performance. radiation environment. In one embodiment, the middle frame 19 may be provided with an aperture at this part of the frame serving as a radiator to facilitate radiation of the antenna.

Alternatively, the frame 11 may not be regarded as a part of the middle frame 19 . In one embodiment, the frame 11 can be connected to the middle frame 19 and formed integrally. In another embodiment, the frame 11 may include an inwardly extending protruding piece to be connected to the middle frame 19 , for example, through elastic pieces, screws, welding, etc. The protruding parts of the frame 11 can also be used to receive feed signals, so that at least a part of the frame 11 acts as a radiator of the antenna to receive/transmit frequency signals. There may be a gap 42 between this part of the frame of the radiator and the middle frame 30 to ensure that the antenna radiator has a good radiation environment and the antenna has a good signal transmission function.

Among them, the back cover 21 can be a back cover made of metal material; it can also be a back cover made of non-conductive materials, such as glass back cover, plastic back cover and other non-metal back covers; or it can also include both conductive materials and non-conductive materials. Material back cover.

The antenna of the electronic device 10 can also be disposed in the frame 11 . When the frame 11 of the electronic device 10 is made of non-conductive material, the antenna radiator can be located in the electronic device 10 and arranged along the frame 11 . For example, the antenna radiator is arranged close to the frame 11 to minimize the volume occupied by the antenna radiator and to be closer to the outside of the electronic device 10 to achieve better signal transmission effects. It should be noted that the arrangement of the antenna radiator close to the frame 11 means that the antenna radiator can be arranged close to the frame 11 or close to the frame 11 . For example, there can be a certain tiny gap between the antenna radiator and the frame 11 .

The antenna of the electronic device 10 may also be disposed in the housing, such as a bracket antenna, a millimeter wave antenna, etc. (not shown in FIG. 1 ). The clearance of the antenna arranged in the housing can be obtained by the slits/openings on any one of the middle frame, and/or the frame, and/or the back cover, and/or the display screen, or it can be formed between any of them. The non-conductive gap/aperture is obtained, and the clearance setting of the antenna can ensure the radiation performance of the antenna. It should be understood that the clearance of the antenna may be a non-conductive area formed by any conductive component in the electronic device 10, and the antenna radiates signals to the external space through the non-conductive area. In one embodiment, the antenna 40 may be in the form of a flexible printed circuit (FPC)-based antenna, a laser-direct-structuring (LDS)-based antenna, or a microstrip antenna (microstrip disk antenna). , MDA) and other antenna forms. In one embodiment, the antenna may also adopt a transparent structure embedded inside the screen of the electronic device 10 , so that the antenna is a transparent antenna unit embedded inside the screen of the electronic device 10 .

FIG. 1 only schematically shows some components included in the electronic device 10 , and the actual shapes, actual sizes and actual structures of these components are not limited by FIG. 1 .

It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the side where the display screen of the electronic device is located can be considered to be the front, the side where the back cover is located is the back, and the side where the frame is located is the side.

It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, it is considered that when the user holds the electronic device (usually vertically and facing the screen), the orientation of the electronic device has a top, a bottom, a left side, and a right side.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the electronic device 100 may include a floor 110 , a frame 11 and an antenna 120 .

Among them, the frame 11 has a first position 101 and a second position 102. The frame 11 is grounded through the floor 110 at the first position 101. A gap is provided at the second position 102. The frame 11 between the first position 101 and the second position 102 is the first frame 104. The antenna 120 includes a first frame 104 , and the first frame 104 serves as a radiator of the antenna 120 .

The first frame 104 includes a ground point 121 , a first feeding point 131 and a second feeding point 132 . The first feed point 131 is located between the ground point 121 and the first location 101 , and the second feed point 132 is located between the ground point 121 and the second location 102 .

The antenna 120 may further include a first capacitive component, a second capacitive component, a first feeding unit 133 and a second feeding unit 134. The first end of the first capacitor component is electrically connected to the first frame 104 at the first feed point 131, the second end of the first capacitor component is electrically connected to the first feed unit 133, and the first capacitor component is at the first feed point 131. The electrical point 131 is connected in series between the first frame 104 and the first feeding unit 133 . The first end of the second capacitor component is electrically connected to the first frame 104 at the second feed point 132, the second end of the second capacitor component is electrically connected to the second feed unit 134, and the second capacitor component is at the second feed point 132. The electrical point 132 is connected in series between the first frame 104 and the second feeding unit 134 . In one embodiment, the first capacitor component includes a first capacitor 122 and the second capacitor component includes a second capacitor 123 .

The length L1 of the first frame between the first position 101 and the ground point 121 and the length L2 of the first frame between the second position 102 and the ground point 121 satisfy: 1.8≤L1/L2≤2.2.

In one embodiment, when an electrical signal is fed into the feed point, the current path in the process of the electrical signal returning to the ground from the ground point 121 also includes A conductive structural member is formed integrally with the first frame and extends inward from the inner surface of the first frame. The length of the conductive structural member is L0. It should be understood that the length L1 of the first frame between the first position 101 and the ground point 121 can also be understood as the sum of the physical lengths L1' and L0 of the first frame between the first position 101 and the ground point 121. The length L2 of the first frame between the second position 102 and the ground point 121 can also be understood as the sum of the physical lengths L2' and L0 of the first frame between the second position 102 and the ground point 121.

In one embodiment, when the electrical signal is fed into the feed point, the current path in the process of the electrical signal returning to the ground from the ground point 121 may also include a conductive connector disposed on the PCB or the floor 110, and the conductive connector is connected to the third One frame is coupled, and the length of the conductive structural member is L0'. It should be understood that the length L1 of the first frame between the first position 101 and the ground point 121 can also be understood as the sum of the physical lengths L1' and L0' of the first frame between the first position 101 and the ground point 121, The length L2 of the first frame between the second position 102 and the ground point 121 can also be understood as the sum of the physical lengths L2' and L0' of the first frame between the second position 102 and the ground point 121.

At the same time, by connecting electronic components (for example, capacitors or inductors) in series between the first frame 104 and the floor 110, the physical length of the first frame 104 can be changed without changing the electrical length. Therefore, correspondingly, between L1 and L2 The ratio between them may also change.

When the first feeding unit 133 feeds power, the antenna 120 may serve as the first antenna unit to generate a first resonance and a second resonance, and the resonant frequency of the first resonance is lower than the resonant frequency of the second resonance. The first frame 104 between the first position 101 and the second position 102 is used to generate the first resonance, and the first frame 104 between the first position 101 and the first feed point 131 is used to generate the second resonance. It should be understood that the first frame 104 between the first position 101 and the second position 102 is used to generate the first resonance. It can be understood that the first frame 104 between the first position 101 and the second position 102 is used to generate the first resonance. When the electrical signal is fed into the main radiator, the first resonance is generated by this part of the frame. Other similar concepts, such as being used to generate the second resonance, can also be understood accordingly. Corresponding to the first resonance, the antenna 120 has a linear antenna structure, the operating mode is a three-quarter wavelength mode, and the corresponding resonance path is shown in Figure 3 . Corresponding to the second resonance, the antenna 120 has a closed slot structure, the working mode is a half-wavelength mode, and the corresponding resonance path is shown in Figure 3 .

When the second feeding unit 134 feeds power, the antenna 120 may serve as the second antenna unit to generate the third resonance and the fourth resonance. The resonance frequency band of the first resonance and the resonance frequency band of the third resonance are the same frequency (the resonance of the first resonance). The resonant frequency band of the second resonance and the resonant frequency band of the third resonance both include the first frequency band), the resonant frequency band of the second resonance and the resonant frequency band of the fourth resonance are the same frequency (the resonant frequency band of the second resonance and the resonant frequency band of the fourth resonance both include the second frequency band) . Therefore, the antenna 120 can be applied in a MIMO system. The third resonance is generated by the first frame 104 between the ground point 121 and the second position 102 , and the fourth resonance is generated by the first frame 104 between the second feeding point 132 and the second position 102 . Corresponding to the third resonance, the antenna 120 has an inverted-F antenna (IFA) structure, the working mode is a quarter-wavelength mode, and the resonant path is shown in Figure 4. Corresponding to the fourth resonance, the antenna 120 has a slotted hole structure, the working mode is a quarter-wavelength mode, and the resonance path is shown in Figure 4 .

The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application forms a dual-antenna structure that uses the frame of the electronic device as the radiator of the antenna, and only opens a single slit on the frame 11. The complexity of the manufacturing process is greatly reduced, and the requirements for the frame are reduced. Integrity impact. At the same time, each antenna unit in the dual-antenna structure can generate dual resonance, allowing it to operate in two different frequency bands at the same time, meeting the communication needs of electronic equipment, and good isolation between the two antenna units can be maintained.

In one embodiment, the length of the first frame 104 is three-quarters of the first wavelength, and the first wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the first resonance. For example, the first wavelength may be the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point of the first resonance, Alternatively, it may also be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency band of the first resonance. It should be understood that since the resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the resonant frequency band of the third resonance are at the same frequency, the first wavelength may be the wavelength corresponding to the third resonance. It should be understood that due to the influence of the layout and electronic components within the electronic device, there may be a certain error range in the first frame 104 , for example, when setting electronic components electrically connected to the first frame 104 (for example, electronic components such as capacitors or inductors). , the physical length of the first frame 104 may increase or decrease. Therefore, when electronic components are provided, the physical length of the first frame 104 may be within the range of plus or minus thirty percent (±30%) of three-quarters of the first wavelength.

In one embodiment, the length of the first frame 104 between the first feed point 131 and the ground point 121 is less than or equal to one-eighth of the first wavelength. In one embodiment, the length of the first frame 104 between the second feed point 132 and the ground point 121 is less than or equal to one-eighth of the first wavelength. The positions of the first feeding point 131 and the second feeding point 132 are adjusted so that when the electrical signal is fed, the antenna 120 can generate the first resonance, the second resonance, the third resonance and the fourth resonance.

In one embodiment, the resonant frequency f1 of the first resonance and the resonant frequency f2 of the second resonance satisfy: 1.1≤f2/f1≤1.5. In one embodiment, the resonant frequency f3 of the third resonance and the resonant frequency f4 of the fourth resonance satisfy: 1.1≤f4/f3≤1.5. It should be understood that since the antenna 120 reuses part of the frame when it generates the first resonance, the second resonance, the third resonance and the fourth resonance, therefore, the antenna 120 resonates at high frequency (the resonance frequency band of the second resonance and the resonance of the fourth resonance) Both the frequency band) and low frequency (the resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the resonant frequency band of the third resonance) have good radiation characteristics, and the frequency difference between low frequency and high frequency should be kept within a reasonable range.

It should be understood that when the first feeding unit 133 indirectly couples and feeds an electrical signal through the first capacitor 122, the first antenna unit excites the first resonance in the first frequency band and the second resonance in the second frequency band. By adjusting the capacitance value of the first capacitor 122, the first capacitor 122 can be in an open circuit state in the first frequency band and in a short circuit state in the second frequency band. When the first capacitor 122 is in an open-circuit state, the current on the frame between the first position and the second position is as shown in Figure 5. The first feeding point is the current zero point area, corresponding to the electric field intensity point area. A boundary condition of a large electric field exists at a feed point. When the first capacitor 122 is in a short-circuit state, the current on the frame between the first position and the first feed point is as shown in Figure 6. The first feed point is the current strong point area, corresponding to the electric field zero point area, Boundary conditions for high currents are present at the first feed point. Due to the different boundary conditions between the first resonance and the second resonance, although the first frame 104 between the first position 101 and the first feed point 131 is reused, good isolation between the two can still be maintained.

Similarly, when the second feeding unit 134 indirectly couples and feeds an electrical signal through the second capacitor 123, the second antenna unit excites the third resonance in the first frequency band and the fourth resonance in the second frequency band. By adjusting the capacitance value of the second capacitor 123, the second capacitor 123 can be made into an open circuit state in the first frequency band and a short circuit state in the second frequency band, so that the boundary conditions of the third resonance and the fourth resonance generated by the antenna 120 are different. This increases the isolation between the two.

In the first frequency band, when the antenna 120 is excited by the first feeding unit 133 (as the first antenna unit), the working mode of the antenna is the three-quarter wavelength mode. In this mode, the antenna has two current strong point areas (current The area where the strong point is located) and a current zero point area (the area where the current zero point is located), the current distribution is shown in Figure 5. As shown in Figure 5, when the grounding point is located in the strong current area, corresponding to the zero point area of the electric field, and meets the corresponding boundary conditions, the grounding point does not affect the working mode of the antenna. At the second feed point, there is a strong current area, corresponding to the zero point area of the electric field. When the antenna 120 is excited by the second feeding unit 134 (as the antenna unit in the figure), the second feeding point is the current zero point area, corresponding to the electric field intensity point area. Therefore, when the first feeding unit feeds an electrical signal, at the second feeding point, their boundary conditions are mutually exclusive, and the electrical signal fed by the first feeding unit has less influence on the second feeding unit. Therefore, in the first frequency band, there is good isolation between the first antenna unit (first resonance) and the second antenna unit (third resonance).

In the first frequency band (taking 3.5GHz as an example), when the first feed point and the second feed point feed electrical signals of equal amplitude and phase (same amplitude, same phase), the current distribution on the first frame is as shown in Figure 7 As shown in (a). In the first frequency band, when the first feed point and the second feed point feed electrical signals of equal amplitude and anti-phase (same amplitude, phase difference 180°±10°), the current distribution on the first frame is as shown in Figure 7 shown in (b). As shown in (a) of Figure 7, the current on the right side of the first frame is centrally symmetrically distributed, which can be equivalent to the presence of PMC (the current on both sides of the PMC is symmetrically distributed along the PCM), which can be a CM mode characteristic. Among them, the CM mode can be understood as the current on the radiator showing a reverse distribution on both sides of the middle position (for example, the position where PCM is equivalent to the presence of PCM in (a) in Figure 7), such as a symmetrical distribution, and the electric field is on both sides of the middle position. , showing the same distribution.

As shown in (b) in Figure 7, the current on the right side of the first frame is asymmetrically distributed (for example, distributed in the same direction), which can be equivalent to the presence of PEC (the current on both sides of the PEC is asymmetrically distributed along the PEC, for example, Co-directional distribution), which can be DM mode characteristics. Among them, the DM mode can be understood as the current on the radiator showing the same direction distribution, such as an asymmetric distribution, on both sides of the middle position (for example, the position where PEC is equivalent to PEC in (b) in Figure 7); the electric field is on both sides of the middle position. Distributed inversely.

The antenna has both CM mode and DM mode in the first frequency band. Since the radiation beams generated by the current distribution in CM mode and DM mode are integrated and orthogonal in the far field, the mutual influence between CM mode and DM mode is small. Therefore, It can achieve good isolation between the two antenna sub-units in the dual-antenna structure. For example, the first antenna unit (first resonance) and the second antenna unit (third resonance) can be maintained in the first frequency band. Good isolation.

In the first frequency band (taking 3.5GHz as an example), the pattern generated by the first antenna unit is shown in (a) in Figure 8. Its maximum radiation direction is the x direction. The pattern produced by the second antenna unit is shown in Figure 8. As shown in (b), the maximum radiation direction is the z direction.

In the second frequency band (taking 4.5 GHz as an example), when the first feeding unit feeds an electrical signal, the current distribution on the first frame is as shown in (a) in Figure 9 . When the second feeding unit feeds an electrical signal, the current distribution on the first frame is as shown in (b) of Figure 9 . When the first feeding unit feeds an electrical signal, the current on the first frame is mainly concentrated between the first feeding point and the first position. When the second feeding unit feeds an electrical signal, the current on the first frame is mainly concentrated between the second feeding point and the second position. There is less current flowing between the first feed point and the second feed point, so that in the second frequency band, there is good communication between the first antenna unit (second resonance) and the second antenna unit (fourth resonance). Isolation.

At the same time, when the second resonance occurs, the antenna 120 has a closed slot structure, and the directional pattern generated by the antenna 120 is shown in (a) and (b) in Figure 10, and its maximum radiation direction is between the z direction and the x direction. When the fourth resonance is generated, the antenna 120 has a slotted hole structure, and the directional pattern generated by the antenna 120 is as shown in (c) in Figure 10 , and its maximum radiation is directed toward the opening direction, for example, the y direction. Therefore, when the second resonance and the fourth resonance are generated, the maximum radiation directions of the patterns generated by the antenna 120 are not the same, and there is spatial diversity between them, so that In the second frequency band, there is good isolation between the first antenna unit (second resonance) and the second antenna unit (fourth resonance).

In one embodiment, the working frequency band of the antenna 120 may include at least part of the frequency bands N77 (3300MHz-42000MHz), N78 (3300MHz-3800MHz) or N79 (4400MHz-5000MHz).

In one embodiment, the capacitance value C1 of the first capacitor 122 satisfies: 0.3pF≤C1≤1pF.

In one embodiment, the capacitance value C2 of the second capacitor 123 satisfies: 0.3pF≤C2≤1pF.

It should be understood that for simplicity of discussion, this application only takes the 3300MHz-3800MHz frequency band as an example. In actual applications, the capacitance value of the first capacitor and the capacitance value of the second capacitor can be adjusted according to design requirements.

In one embodiment, the first capacitor 122 includes at least one of a lumped capacitive device and a distributed capacitive device.

In one embodiment, the second capacitor 123 includes at least one of a lumped capacitive device and a distributed capacitive device.

In one embodiment, when the first capacitor is a distributed capacitor, the first capacitor includes a first metal layer 1221 and a second metal layer 1222, as shown in (a) of Figure 11 . The first metal layer 1221 and the second metal layer 1222 are spaced apart along the first direction, and the projections of the first metal layer 1221 and the second metal layer 1222 along the first direction on the plane where the floor 110 is located at least partially overlap. The first metal layer 1221 and the first frame 104 are electrically connected at the first feed point 131, as shown in (b) of FIG. 11 . The second metal layer 1222 is electrically connected to the first feeding unit 133, as shown in (c) of FIG. 11 . The first direction is a direction perpendicular to the plane where the floor 110 is located, such as the z direction.

In one embodiment, when the second capacitor is a distributed capacitor, the second capacitor includes a third metal layer 1231 and a fourth metal layer 1232. The third metal layer 1231 and the fourth metal layer 1232 are spaced apart along the first direction, and the projections of the third metal layer 1231 and the fourth metal layer 1232 along the first direction on the plane where the floor 110 is located at least partially overlap. The third metal layer 1231 is electrically connected to the first frame 104 at the second feed point 132, as shown in (b) of Figure 11 . The fourth metal layer 1232 is electrically connected to the second power feeding unit 134, as shown in (c) of FIG. 11 .

It should be understood that for distributed capacitors, their capacitance value satisfies the following formula:

Wherein, ε is the relative dielectric constant of the medium filled between the two electrode plates (for example, the first metal layer 1221 and the second metal layer 1222); δ is the absolute dielectric constant in vacuum; k is the electrostatic force constant; S is The area facing the two electrode plates, such as the relative area of the first metal layer 1221 and the second metal layer 1222 in the embodiment of the present application (the first metal layer 1221 and the second metal layer 1222 are on the plane where the floor 110 is located along the first direction. d is the vertical distance between the two electrode plates, such as the distance along the first direction (z direction) between the first metal layer 1221 and the second metal layer 1222 in the embodiment of the present application.

Therefore, the capacitance value of the first capacitor 122 or the second capacitor 123 can be adjusted by controlling the electrical parameters of the first capacitor 122 or the second capacitor 123, thereby adjusting the radiation characteristics of the antenna.

In one embodiment, the first metal layer 1221 and the third metal layer 1231 may be disposed on the first surface of the PCB 17 . The second metal layer 1222 and the fourth metal layer 1232 may be disposed on the second surface of the PCB 17 .

It should be understood that the first surface and the second surface of the PCB 17 may be the upper surface and the lower surface of the PCB 17 , or may be any surface of a plurality of dielectric boards stacked in the PCB (for example, the first metal layer may be provided anywhere in the PCB 17 between two adjacent dielectric plates), the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

Figures 12 and 13 are simulation results of the antenna in the electronic device shown in Figure 2. Among them, Figure 12 is the S parameter of the antenna in the electronic device shown in Figure 2. Figure 13 is a simulation result diagram of the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the antenna in the electronic device shown in Figure 2.

It should be understood that, for the sake of simplicity of discussion, the embodiment of the present application only assumes that the length of the first frame 104 is 51mm, the clearance of the antenna (the distance between the frame 11 and the floor 110) is 3mm, and the size of the floor 110 is 120mm×50mm. The capacitance value of the first capacitor 122 is 0.4pF, and the capacitance value of the second capacitor 123 is 0.7pF. For example, the above electrical parameters can be adjusted according to the actual design, and this application does not limit this.

As shown in Figure 12, with S parameters (S11, S22) <-4 as the limit, the working frequency band of the first antenna unit (when the first feed point feeds the electrical signal) can include 3.3GHz to 5GHz, and can be applied to 5G The N77, N78 and N79 frequency bands. The working frequency band of the second antenna unit (when the second feed point feeds the electrical signal) can include 3.3GHz to 5GHz, and can be applied to the N77, N78 and N79 frequency bands of 5G.

It should be understood that although the first antenna unit generates the first resonance and the second antenna unit generates the third resonance share part of the frame as the radiator, in the first frequency band (3.5GHz), between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit The isolation is greater than -16dB.

In the second frequency band (4.5GHz), the maximum radiation direction of the pattern generated by the first antenna unit and the pattern generated by the second antenna unit are not the same. There is spatial diversity between the two, and the first antenna unit generates the second The resonance and the second antenna unit generate the fourth resonance and do not share the radiator, so good isolation can be maintained between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit (isolation is greater than -25dB).

As shown in Figure 13, within the operating frequency band (3.3GHz to 5GHz), the system efficiency (greater than -3dB) and radiation efficiency (greater than -2dB) of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit can meet communication needs.

As shown in FIG. 14 , the difference from that shown in FIG. 2 is that the antenna in the electronic device 100 shown in FIG. 14 also includes an inductor 151 . The inductor 151 may be connected in series between the first capacitor 122 and the second capacitor 123 .

It should be understood that by disposing the inductor 151 between the first capacitor 122 and the second capacitor 123, the impedance corresponding to the CM mode and the impedance of the DM mode in the antenna can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the isolation between multiple antenna units.

In one embodiment, the inductance value L1 of the inductor 151 satisfies: 1nH≤L1≤8nH.

It should be understood that for simplicity of discussion, this application only takes the above-mentioned 5G frequency band as an example for explanation. In actual applications, the inductance value of the inductor 151 can be adjusted according to design requirements.

In one embodiment, when the first capacitor 122 and the second capacitor 123 are distributed capacitors, the inductor 151 may be connected in series between the metal layer forming the first capacitor 122 and the metal layer forming the second capacitor 123 .

It should be understood that in the first frequency band, the antenna has both a CM mode and a DM mode. By connecting the inductor 151 in series between the first capacitor 122 and the second capacitor 123, the impedance corresponding to the CM mode and the impedance of the DM mode in the antenna can be adjusted.

As shown in (a) in Figure 15, it is the impedance corresponding to the CM mode and the impedance of the DM mode in Figure 2. Near low frequency (3GHz), the landing points of the impedance corresponding to the CM mode and the impedance of the DM mode are far apart.

As shown in (b) in Figure 15, it is the impedance corresponding to the CM mode and the impedance of the DM mode in Figure 14. By connecting an inductor in series between the first capacitor and the second capacitor, the impedance corresponding to the CM mode and the impedance of the DM mode are The landing points are relatively close to each other. Especially near low frequency (3GHz), the distance between the impedance corresponding to the CM mode and the impedance landing point of the DM mode is significantly improved. It should be understood that as the impedance corresponding to the CM mode and the impedance of the DM mode get closer, the isolation between the two will increase.

As shown in FIG. 16 , it is the S parameter of the antenna in the electronic device 100 shown in FIG. 14 . The return loss of the first antenna unit (S11) and the return loss of the second antenna unit (S22) are similar to the results in the S-parameter simulation diagram corresponding to the antenna in Figure 2, while the difference between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit The isolation is significantly improved, especially in the low-frequency band (for example, near 3.3GHz), where the isolation is improved by about 10dB.

As shown in FIG. 17 , the electronic device 200 may include a floor 210 , a frame 11 and an antenna 220 .

Among them, the frame 11 has a first position 201, a second position 202, a third position 203 and a fourth position 204 (the first position 201 is located between the second position 202 and the fourth position 204, and the third position 203 is located between the first position 202 and the fourth position 204. between position 201 and fourth position 204). The frame 11 is grounded through the floor 210 at the first position 201 and the third position 203, and gaps are provided at the second position 102 and the fourth position 204. The frame 11 between the second position 102 and the fourth position 204 is the first frame 205 . The antenna 220 includes a first frame 205 , and the first frame 205 serves as a radiator of the antenna 220 .

The first frame 205 includes a first ground point 221, a second ground point 222, a first feed point 231, a second feed point 232, a third feed point 233 and a fourth feed point 234.

The first grounding point 221 , the first feeding point 231 and the second feeding point 232 may be located on the border between the first position 201 and the second position 202 . The second grounding point 222 , the third feeding point 233 and the fourth feeding point 234 may be located on the border between the third position 203 and the fourth position 204 . The first feeding point 231 is located between the first grounding point 221 and the first position 201 , and the second feeding point 232 is located between the first grounding point 221 and the second position 202 . The third feeding point 233 is located between the second grounding point 222 and the third position 203 , and the fourth feeding point 234 is located between the second grounding point 222 and the fourth position 204 .

The antenna 220 may also include a first capacitor 241, a second capacitor 242, a third capacitor 243 and a fourth capacitor 244, as well as a first feeding unit 251 and a second feeding unit 252, a third feeding unit 253 and a second feeding unit 252. Electrical unit 254.

The first end of the first capacitor 241 is electrically connected to the first frame 205 at the first feed point 231, the second end of the first capacitor 241 is electrically connected to the first feed unit 251, and the first capacitor 241 is at the first feed point 231. A feed point 231 is connected in series between the first frame 205 and the first feed unit 251 . The first end of the second capacitor 242 is electrically connected to the first frame 205 at the second feed point 232. The second end of the second capacitor 242 is electrically connected to the second feed unit 252. The second capacitor 242 is at the second feed point 232. The electrical point 232 is connected in series between the first frame 205 and the second feed between units 252. The first end of the third capacitor 243 is electrically connected to the first frame 205 at the third feed point 233. The second end of the third capacitor 243 is electrically connected to the third feed unit 253. The third capacitor 243 is at the third feed point 233. The electrical point 233 is connected in series between the first frame 205 and the third feeding unit 253 . The first end of the fourth capacitor 244 is electrically connected to the first frame 205 at the fourth feed point 234. The second end of the fourth capacitor 244 is electrically connected to the fourth feed unit 254. The fourth capacitor 244 is at the fourth feed point. The electrical point 234 is connected in series between the first frame 205 and the fourth feeding unit 254 .

The length L1 of the frame between the first position 201 and the first ground point 221 and the length L2 of the frame between the second position 202 and the first ground point 221 satisfy: 1.8≤L1/L2≤2.2. The length L3 of the frame between the third position 203 and the second ground point 222 and the length L4 of the frame between the fourth position 204 and the second ground point 222 satisfy: 1.8≤L3/L4≤2.2.

It should be understood that the difference between the antenna 220 shown in FIG. 17 and the antenna 120 shown in FIG. 2 is that the antenna 220 may include two symmetrical antennas 120 shown in FIG. 2 to form a four-antenna structure.

The frame between the first position 201 and the second position 202 forms a first antenna (the first antenna may include a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit. When the first feeding unit 251 feeds power, it serves as the first antenna unit. , when the second feeding unit 252 feeds power, it serves as the second antenna unit), and the frame between the third position 203 and the fourth position 204 forms the second antenna (the second antenna may include a third antenna unit and a fourth antenna unit , when the third feeding unit 253 feeds power, it serves as the third antenna unit; when the fourth feeding unit 254 feeds power, it serves as the fourth antenna unit). The first antenna and the second antenna have the same structure as the antenna 120 shown in FIG. 2 . The isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna can be adjusted through the design of the frame between the first position 201 and the third position 203 .

In one embodiment, the frame between the first position 201 and the second position 202 forms the first antenna, and the frame between the third position 203 and the fourth position 204 forms the second antenna. The working frequency band may be the same frequency, for example, The first antenna and the second antenna can work with MIMO systems. In one embodiment, the working frequency band of the first antenna and the working frequency band of the second antenna may be different, and may respectively operate in different communication frequency bands. It should be understood that when the operating frequency band of the first antenna and the operating frequency band of the second antenna may be different, the structure of the first antenna and the structure of the second antenna are the same, but the length of the corresponding radiator may be adjusted. This application will There is no limitation and can be adjusted according to the actual design. To simplify the discussion, the embodiment of this application only takes the example that the working frequency band of the first antenna and the working frequency band of the second antenna are the same.

In one embodiment, the length of the border between the first position 201 and the third position 203 is greater than or equal to one-fifth of the first wavelength and less than or equal to one-half of the first wavelength, and the first wavelength is An antenna generates a wavelength corresponding to the first resonance (the low-frequency resonance generated when the first feed point unit feeds power). It should be understood that the antenna 220 may include multiple resonances with the same frequency, and the first resonance may also be replaced by other resonances with the same frequency as the resonance frequency band of the first resonance.

It should be understood that the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna increases as the length of the frame between the first position 201 and the third position 203 increases. When the length of the frame between the first position 201 and the third position 203 is greater than or equal to half of the first wavelength, additional resonance may be generated, which may interfere with the antenna 220 and affect the radiation characteristics of the antenna 220. Therefore, the length of the border between the first position 201 and the third position 203 needs to be within a reasonable range. For example, the length of the border between the first position 201 and the third position 203 is between one-fifth of the first wavelength. Between one and one-half of the first wavelength.

In one embodiment, each position in the frame between the first position 201 and the third position 203 is electrically connected to the floor 210, as shown in Figure 18. Through this design, the electrical length between the first position 201 and the third position 203 can be kept constant, so as to shorten the physical distance between the first position 201 and the third position 203 to achieve miniaturization of the antenna 220 .

In one embodiment, the antenna 220 may further include a fifth capacitor 245 and a sixth capacitor 246, as shown in FIG. 19 . The fifth capacitor 245 may be connected in series between the frame and the floor 210 at the first location 201 . A sixth capacitor 246 may be connected in series between the bezel and the floor 210 at the third location 203 . Through this design, the electrical length between the first position 201 and the third position 203 can be kept constant, so as to shorten the physical distance between the first position 201 and the third position 203 to achieve miniaturization of the antenna 220 . At the same time, by setting the fifth capacitor 245 and the sixth capacitor 246, the impedance characteristics at the first position 201 and the third position 203 are adjusted, and the isolation between the first antenna unit and the third antenna unit can be further improved.

20 and 21 are simulation result diagrams of the antenna in the electronic device 200 shown in FIG. 17 . Among them, FIG. 20 is the S parameter of the antenna in the electronic device 200 shown in FIG. 17 . FIG. 21 is a simulation result of the isolation degree of the antenna in the electronic device 200 shown in FIG. 17 .

It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the length of the first frame 205 is only 116mm, the clearance of the antenna (the distance between the frame 11 and the floor 210) is 3mm, the size of the floor 210 is 150mm×75mm, the first position 201 and the second The distance between the three positions 203 is 14 mm as an example for illustration. In actual design, it can be adjusted, and this application does not limit this.

As shown in Figure 20, the simulation results of the four-antenna structure shown in Figure 17 are similar to the simulation results of the dual-antenna structure shown in Figure 2, with S Parameters (S11, S22, S33, S44) <-4 are the limit. The working frequency bands of the four antenna units can include 3.3GHz to 5GHz, and can be applied to the N77, N78 and N79 frequency bands of 5G.

As shown in Figure 21, within the operating frequency band (3.3GHz to 5GHz), the isolation between the four antenna units is greater than -12dB, which meets the application requirements of MIMO systems and can be used in MIMO systems.

Those skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the described functionality for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be described again here.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented. On the other hand, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be in electrical or other forms.

The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application. should be covered by the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

An electronic device, characterized by including:

floor;

A conductive frame, the frame has a first position and a second position, the frame is grounded at the first position, a gap is provided at the second position, and there is a gap between the first position and the second position. The border is the first border;

The antenna includes the first frame, the first frame includes a first ground point, a first feed point and a second feed point, the first feed point is located between the first ground point and the third feed point. Between a position, the second feed point is located between the first ground point and the second position;

Wherein, the antenna further includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first feeding unit and a second feeding unit. The first end of the first capacitor and the first frame are electrically connected at a first feeding point. connection, the second end of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the first feed unit, the first end of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the first frame at the second feed point, the third The second end of the two capacitors is electrically connected to the second feeding unit;

The length L1 of the first frame between the first position and the first ground point and the length L2 of the first frame between the second position and the first ground point satisfy: 1.8≤L1/L2 ≤2.2.
The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that:

When the first feeding unit feeds power, the antenna generates a first resonance and a second resonance, and the resonant frequency of the first resonance is lower than the resonant frequency of the second resonance;

When the second feeding unit feeds power, the antenna generates third resonance and fourth resonance;

The resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the resonant frequency band of the third resonance are at the same frequency, and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance and the resonant frequency band of the fourth resonance are at the same frequency.
The electronic device according to claim 2, characterized in that the frequency ratio of the resonant frequency f1 of the first resonance and the resonant frequency f2 of the second resonance satisfies: 1.1≤f2/f1≤1.5.
The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:

The capacitance value C1 of the first capacitor satisfies: 0.3pF≤C1≤1pF; and/or,

The capacitance value C2 of the second capacitor satisfies: 0.3pF≤C2≤1pF.
The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that:

The first capacitor includes at least one of a lumped capacitor device and a distributed capacitor device;

The second capacitor includes at least one of a lumped capacitor device and a distributed capacitor device.
The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that:

The first capacitor includes a first metal layer and a second metal layer, the first metal layer and the second metal layer are spaced apart along a first direction, and the first metal layer and the second metal layer are spaced along a first direction. The projection of the first direction on the plane where the floor is located at least partially overlaps, the first metal layer and the first frame are electrically connected at a first feed point, and the second metal layer and the The first feeding unit is electrically connected, and the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the plane of the floor;

The second capacitor includes a third metal layer and a fourth metal layer, the third metal layer and the fourth metal layer are spaced apart along the first direction, and the third metal layer and the fourth metal layer The projections of the layers along the first direction on the plane where the floor is located at least partially overlap, the third metal layer and the first frame are electrically connected at a second feed point, and the fourth metal layer is The second feeding unit is electrically connected.
The electronic device according to claim 6, characterized in that:

The antenna also includes an inductor;

The first end of the inductor is electrically connected to the second metal layer, and the second end of the inductor is electrically connected to the fourth metal layer.
The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 7,

When the first feeding unit feeds power, the antenna generates a first resonance and a second resonance, and the resonant frequency of the first resonance is lower than the resonant frequency of the second resonance;

The length of the first frame between the first feed point and the first ground point is less than or equal to one-eighth of a first wavelength, and the first wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the first resonance;

The length of the first frame between the second feed point and the first ground point is less than or equal to one-eighth of the first wavelength.
The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 8,

The frame also has a third position and a fourth position. The frame between the second position and the fourth position is a second frame. The second frame includes the first frame. The third position located between the fourth position and the first position;

The frame is grounded at the third position, and a gap is provided at the fourth position;

The antenna includes a second frame, and the frame between the third position and the fourth position includes a second ground point, a third feed point and a fourth feed point, and the third feed point is located at between the second grounding point and the third position, and the fourth feeding point is located between the second grounding point and the fourth position.
The electronic device according to claim 9, characterized in that:

When the first feeding unit feeds power, the antenna generates a first resonance and a second resonance, and the resonant frequency of the first resonance is lower than the resonant frequency of the second resonance;

The length of the frame between the first position and the third position is greater than or equal to one-fifth of the first wavelength and less than or equal to one-half of the first wavelength, and the first wavelength is the The wavelength corresponding to the first resonance.
An electronic device, characterized by including:

floor;

A conductive frame, the frame has a first position and a second position, the frame is grounded at the first position, a gap is provided at the second position, and there is a gap between the first position and the second position. The border is the first border;

The antenna includes the first frame, the first frame includes a first ground point, a first feed point and a second feed point, the first feed point is located between the first ground point and the third feed point. Between a position, the second feed point is located between the first ground point and the second position;

Wherein, the antenna further includes a first feeding unit and a second feeding unit, the first feeding unit is electrically connected to the first frame at a first feeding point, and the second feeding unit is electrically connected to the first feeding point. The second frame is electrically connected at the second feed point;

When the first feeding unit feeds power, the antenna generates a first resonance and a second resonance. The resonant frequency of the first resonance is lower than the resonant frequency of the second resonance. The second feeding unit feeds power. When electrically connected, the antenna generates a third resonance and a fourth resonance. The resonance frequency band of the first resonance and the resonance frequency band of the third resonance are the same frequency. The resonance frequency band of the second resonance is the same as the resonance frequency band of the fourth resonance. The resonant frequency band is the same frequency;

The length L1 of the first frame between the first position and the first ground point and the length L2 of the first frame between the second position and the first ground point satisfy: 1.8≤L1/L2 ≤2.2.
The electronic device according to claim 11, characterized in that:

The antenna also includes a first capacitor and a second capacitor;

The first end of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the first frame at a first feed point, and the second end of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the first feed unit;

The first end of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the first frame at a second feed point, and the second end of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the second feed unit.
The electronic device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the frequency ratio of the resonant frequency f1 of the first resonance and the resonant frequency f2 of the second resonance satisfies: 1.1≤f2/f1≤1.5.
The electronic device according to claim 12, characterized in that:

The capacitance value C1 of the first capacitor satisfies: 0.3pF≤C1≤1pF; and/or,

The capacitance value C2 of the second capacitor satisfies: 0.3pF≤C2≤1pF.
The electronic device according to claim 12, characterized in that:

The first capacitor includes at least one of a lumped capacitor device and a distributed capacitor device;

The second capacitor includes at least one of a lumped capacitor device and a distributed capacitor device.
The electronic device according to any one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that:

The first capacitor includes a first metal layer and a second metal layer, the first metal layer and the second metal layer are spaced apart along a first direction, and the first metal layer and the second metal layer are spaced along a first direction. The projection of the first direction on the plane where the floor is located at least partially overlaps, the first metal layer and the first frame are electrically connected at a first feed point, and the second metal layer and the The first feeding unit is electrically connected, and the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the plane of the floor;

The second capacitor includes a third metal layer and a fourth metal layer, the third metal layer and the fourth metal layer are spaced apart along the first direction, and the third metal layer and the fourth metal layer The projections of the layers along the first direction on the plane where the floor is located at least partially overlap, the third metal layer and the first frame are electrically connected at a second feed point, and the fourth metal layer is The second feeding unit is electrically connected.
The electronic device according to claim 16, characterized in that:

The antenna also includes an inductor;

The first end of the inductor is electrically connected to the second metal layer, and the second end of the inductor is electrically connected to the fourth metal layer.
The electronic device according to any one of claims 11 to 17,

The length of the first frame between the first feed point and the first ground point is less than or equal to one-eighth of a first wavelength, and the first wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the first resonance;

The length of the first frame between the second feed point and the first ground point is less than or equal to one-eighth of the first wavelength.
The electronic device according to any one of claims 11 to 18,

The frame also has a third position and a fourth position. The frame between the second position and the fourth position is a second frame. The second frame includes the first frame. The third position located between the fourth position and the first position;

The frame is grounded at the third position, and a gap is provided at the fourth position;

The antenna includes a second frame, and the frame between the third position and the fourth position includes a second ground point, a third feed point and a fourth feed point, and the third feed point is located at between the second grounding point and the third position, and the fourth feeding point is located between the second grounding point and the fourth position.
The electronic device according to claim 19, characterized in that:

When the first feeding unit feeds power, the antenna generates a first resonance and a second resonance, and the resonant frequency of the first resonance is lower than the resonant frequency of the second resonance;

The length of the frame between the first position and the third position is greater than or equal to one-fifth of the first wavelength and less than or equal to one-half of the first wavelength, and the first wavelength is the The wavelength corresponding to the first resonance.