WO2023245945A1

WO2023245945A1 - Compound drilling and slide drilling combined directional drilling control tool and method

Info

Publication number: WO2023245945A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/128041
Authority: WO
Inventors: 刘伟; 许朝辉; 房超; 田家林; 李牧; 林子力; 罗良波; 翟小强; 李雅飞; 吕乾; 罗西超
Original assignee: 中国石油天然气集团有限公司; 中国石油集团工程技术研究院有限公司; 北京石油机械有限公司
Priority date: 2022-06-21
Filing date: 2022-10-27
Publication date: 2023-12-28
Also published as: CN115012823A

Abstract

A compound drilling and slide drilling combined directional drilling control tool and method. The drilling control tool comprises a housing, and a driving shaft (1) provided with a fluid input channel (1a), a rotor (14) provided with a fluid delivering channel (14a) and a mandrel (17) provided with a mandrel channel (17a), which extend in the housing and are connected to each other in sequence. The mandrel channel (17a) is communicated with the fluid delivering channel (14a); a radial gap between the housing and the rotor (14) is formed into an annular pressurization channel (14b); a clutch cavity (17b) communicated with the annular pressurization channel (14b) is formed in a radial gap between the housing and the mandrel (17), such that the housing can be coupled or decoupled with respect to the rotor (14) and the mandrel (17) by driving the rotor (14) to have different rotational speeds.

Description

Compound and sliding coupling directional drilling control tools and control methods

Cross-references to related applications

This application claims the rights and interests of Chinese patent application 202210707456.6 submitted on June 21, 2022. The content of this application is incorporated into this article by reference.

Technical field

The present invention relates to oil and gas drilling equipment, and in particular to a composite and sliding coupling directional drilling control tool for drilling and completion equipment. On this basis, the present invention also relates to a composite and sliding coupling directional drilling control method using the drilling control tool.

Background technique

In oil and gas resource drilling engineering, directional drilling is a drilling process that drills in a pre-designed direction and allows the wellbore to reach the target layer with the expected well inclination and well trajectory. It can be widely used in oblique drilling, horizontal drilling and drilling and butt drilling situations. According to the different working methods of steering tools, directional drilling can be divided into sliding directional drilling and rotary steering drilling. Both are suitable for different working conditions. It is necessary to choose the appropriate drilling method during the drilling and completion process.

Chinese invention patent application CN108868604A discloses a mechanical downhole torque separation and transmission tool, which is based on a conventional bent screw lower drilling tool assembly. The tool is installed on the drill string, and the drill string rotates directional drilling through the separation of torque by the tool. Enter. This tool can replace the rotary steerable drilling system to achieve directional drilling of the rotary drill string, and is used for directional drilling of complex structural wells such as directional wells, horizontal wells, and extended reach wells. However, with this tool, this prior art can only achieve rotary drilling but cannot stably directional drill.

Chinese invention patent application CN111411904A discloses an RFID-based downhole torque clutch drilling drag reduction device. It transmits ground control signals through radio frequency balls. It adopts an integral gear pair structure to allow the internal gear and the external gear to move up and down to achieve meshing. and separation, which overcomes the defect that the separated dog clutch is prone to eccentric wear, and at the same time overcomes the defect that the mechanical clutch structure cannot ensure random and effective meshing, and improves the reliability and stability of the clutch system. The device relies on RFID technology, which adds to the difficulty of operation.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite and sliding coupling directional drilling control tool, which can realize the transformation of the mechanical energy of the top drive/turntable rotation - the hydraulic energy of the clutch chamber - the mechanical energy of the shell torsion, so that The lower drilling tool switches the drilling mode between sliding directional drilling and compound drilling, so that the upper drilling tool and the bottom hole assembly (BHA) rotate compoundly or independently without complicated operations and Control can complete the conversion between "off" and "on".

In order to achieve the above objectives, on the one hand, the present invention provides a composite and sliding coupling directional drilling control tool, which includes:

a housing having a hollow cavity;

A drive shaft, which is rotatably mounted to the housing through a bearing set and extends through the hollow cavity, and the drive shaft is formed with a fluid input channel extending along the axial direction;

The rotor is drivingly connected to the drive shaft and is formed with an axially extending fluid delivery channel. The radial gap between the housing and the rotor is formed as an annular pressurizing channel, and the fluid input channel is connected to the fluid delivery channel and the annular pressurizing channel, so that when the rotor is driven to rotate along with the drive shaft and forms a differential speed with the housing, the annular pressurizing channel can suck the fluid at least part of the fluid input by the input channel;

A mandrel is connected to an end of the rotor away from the drive shaft and is formed with a mandrel channel connected to the fluid delivery channel. A radial gap is formed between the housing and the mandrel. There is a clutch chamber, which is connected to the annular supercharging passage, so that the housing can be coupled or decoupled relative to the rotor and the spindle by the rotor being driven by the drive shaft to have different rotational speeds.

Preferably, the bearing set includes a first TC bearing and a second TC bearing spaced apart from each other at different axial positions of the drive shaft and a series bearing located between the first TC bearing and the second TC bearing.

Preferably, a water cap is connected to one end of the drive shaft facing the rotor, and the water cap is formed with a first radial flow channel to allow the fluid input by the fluid input channel to pass through the first radial flow channel. Flows into the annular space between the water cap and the housing.

Preferably, the rotor is drivingly connected to the drive shaft through a universal shaft, and both ends of the universal shaft are respectively connected to a first conversion joint connected to the water cap and a second radial flow channel formed therein. Second conversion joint, the fluid input channel is connected to the annular pressurizing channel through the annular space between the water cap and the housing, and is connected to the fluid delivery channel through the second radial flow channel.

Preferably, a stator surrounding the rotor is connected to the inner wall of the housing, and the annular pressurizing channel is formed between the stator and the rotor and is formed to move away from the rotor during rotation. The direction of the drive shaft pumps to draw at least part of the fluid input from the fluid input channel.

Preferably, the spindle includes a first spindle connected to an end of the rotor away from the drive shaft and a second spindle connected to an end of the first spindle away from the rotor, and the clutch The part of the cavity corresponding to the second mandrel is provided with a pressure difference control element equipped with a pressure nozzle. The fluid entering the clutch chamber can flow through the pressure difference control element and reach the position far away from the second mandrel. One end of the first mandrel merges with the fluid flowing through the mandrel.

Preferably, the pressure difference control element is connected to the inner wall surface of the housing and radially supports the second spindle, which is sealingly connected to the first spindle through a rotating seal assembly and connected to the first spindle. To be able to rotate relative to the first core axis.

Preferably, the rotary seal assembly includes a seal housing connected to the second mandrel and extending toward the first mandrel, the seal housing having a mounting groove, and the first mandrel being mounted on the mounting groove. The radial bearing in the groove is radially supported on the sealed housing to allow the first spindle and the second spindle to rotate relative to each other. The opening end of the mounting groove facing the first spindle is connected with A sealing end cap sealingly engaged with the outer circumferential surface of the first mandrel.

Preferably, the housing is detachably connected in sequence and corresponds to multiple sections of the drive shaft, the rotor and the mandrel, and/or, one end of the housing away from the drive shaft is connected to a bottom hole drilling hole. The lower joint of the tool.

A second aspect of the present invention provides a composite and sliding coupling directional drilling control method, which includes using the above composite and sliding coupling directional drilling control tool to selectively execute a composite drilling mode and a sliding directional drilling mode according to downhole signals. The drilling control method The driving shaft of the tool is rigidly connected to the upper drilling tool, and the bottom end of the housing is connected to the lower drilling tool, wherein the rotational speed of the upper drilling tool is controlled. When the torque converted by the rotational speed is less than the torque transmitted by the lower drilling tool When the reaction torque is greater than the reaction torque transmitted by the lower drilling tool, the housing is decoupled from the rotor and the mandrel to execute the sliding directional drilling mode; when the torque converted by the rotational speed is greater than the reaction torque transmitted by the lower drilling tool, the housing The compound drilling mode is performed relative to the rotor and mandrel coupling.

Through the above technical solution, the composite and sliding coupling directional drilling control tool of the present invention can drive the drive shaft and the rotor connected to the drive shaft to have different rotation speeds, so that the annular pressurization channel between the rotor and the casing can be driven by The fluid input from the fluid input channel produces different suction effects, whereby the torque can be transmitted to the housing through the annular pressurizing channel and the drilling fluid in the clutch chamber, thereby passing the transmitted torque through the well connected to the bottom of the housing. The counter-torques received by the bottom drilling tool assembly have different differences, causing the upper drilling tool and the lower BHA to rotate compoundly or independently. Therefore, "leaving" and "closing" can be completed only by controlling the rotational speed of the upper drilling tool applied to the drive shaft. "Conversion between" conveniently switches the lower drilling tool between sliding directional drilling and compound drilling. Compared with the rotary steering system, the composite and sliding coupling directional drilling control tool of the present invention has low cost, simple operation, no electronic components, and less interference from downhole; the composite and sliding coupling directional drilling control tool and control method can make the upper drilling The tool keeps rotating, greatly reducing friction during sliding directional drilling and increasing the extension capability of drilling in the horizontal section.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a drilling control tool according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the drive shaft assembly of the drilling control tool in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the screw assembly of the drilling control tool in Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the clutch assembly of the drilling control tool in Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the rotating seal assembly of the clutch assembly in Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure difference control element used in the drilling control tool in Figure 4;

Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another pressure difference control element used in the drilling control tool in Figure 4.

Detailed ways

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the directional words used such as "up, down, left, and right" usually refer to the up, down, left, and right shown in the drawings; "inside, outside" Refers to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

Referring to Figure 1, a composite and sliding coupling directional drilling control tool according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is roughly divided into three parts: a drive shaft assembly, a screw assembly and a clutch assembly. The drive shaft assembly Can be rigidly connected to the upper drill tool to receive and transmit downward the rotational power from the upper drill tool, and to isolate the rotational motion between the drive shaft and the housing through the bearing set detailed later, while being able to transmit downward e.g. The fluid of drilling fluid; the screw assembly is configured to separate the fluid so that a portion of the fluid is pumped to flow from an annular space close to the inner wall of the housing; the clutch assembly is used to achieve rotational motion in the housing through the fluid in the annular space The "off" and "on" conversion between the body and the central part of the transmission connected to the drive shaft, and allows the separated fluids to merge at the end.

Specifically, the composite and sliding coupling directional drilling control tool includes a housing having a hollow cavity. Generally, the housing may include multiple segments connected in sequence, such as the drive shaft housing 3, cardan shaft housing 12, stator housing 16, housing joint 18, clutch housing 19, etc., which will be described later. This facilitates the storage, transportation and mutual assembly of the above-mentioned parts.

In the hollow cavity of the housing, the drive shaft 1, the rotor 14, the spindle 17, etc. are coaxially installed from top to bottom. The drive shaft 1 can be rotatably installed to the housing through the bearing set and passes through The hollow cavity of the housing extends so that the drive shaft 1 can be connected to the upper drilling tool at the upper end and driven by the upper drilling tool to rotate relative to the housing. The driving shaft 1 is formed with an axially extending fluid input channel 1a. Fluid, such as drilling fluid, can be passed into the fluid input channel 1a to be transported toward the bottom of the well.

At the lower end of the drive shaft 1, the rotor 14 is drivingly connected to the drive shaft and is formed with an axially extending fluid delivery channel 14a. The rotor 14 extends within the hollow cavity of the casing and is spaced apart from the inner wall surface of the casing to form an annular supercharging passage 14b in the radial gap between the casing and the rotor 14 . Among them, the fluid delivery channel 14a and the annular boosting channel 14b are respectively connected to the fluid input channel 1a in the drive shaft 1. The outer circumferential surface of the rotor 14 can be provided with a conveying/pumping structure capable of sucking drilling fluid downward, such as a plurality of spirally extending protrusions, so that when the rotor 14 is driven to rotate along with the drive shaft 1 A suction effect is generated in the annular pressurizing channel 14b, so that at least part of the fluid input by the fluid input channel 1a is sucked into the annular pressurizing channel 14b.

The mandrel 17 is connected to an end of the rotor 14 away from the drive shaft 1 and is formed with a mandrel channel 17 a communicating with the fluid delivery channel 14 a in the rotor 14 . The spindle 17 extends downward from the bottom end of the rotor 14 in the hollow cavity of the casing and is spaced apart from the inner wall surface of the casing to form a clutch in the radial gap between the casing and the spindle 17 Cavity 17b. Among them, the spindle channel 17a is connected to the fluid delivery channel 14a, and the clutch chamber 17b is connected to the annular boosting channel 14b. Therefore, through the suction effect of the annular pressurizing channel 14b, the drilling fluid can form a relatively high pressure in the clutch chamber 17b, and because the drilling fluid is driven by the rotor 14 and the mandrel 17, it is in the annular pressurizing channel 14b and The clutch chamber 17b flows in a circumferential direction, so that the power of rotation of the rotor 14 and the spindle 17 can be transmitted to the housing through these drilling fluids. When the speed of the drive shaft 1 and the rotor 14 is high, the pressure in the clutch chamber 17b is high, the circumferential flow velocity of the drilling fluid is high, and the torque transmitted to the housing is high; when the speed of the drive shaft 1 and the rotor 14 When it is lower, the pressure in the clutch chamber 17b is smaller, the circumferential flow velocity of the drilling fluid is lower, and the torque transmitted to the housing is smaller.

During the drilling process, the bottom hole assembly (such as a bent screw) connected to the bottom of the composite and sliding coupling directional drilling control tool (its shell) of the present invention is subject to a reaction moment from the formation (rock), which is called "reaction torque" ”, the maximum value of this reaction torque is determined by external factors such as formation hardness. The torque transmitted to the housing from the drilling fluid may be greater than, equal to or less than the maximum value of the reaction torque due to the different rotational speeds applied to the drive shaft 1 . Therefore, by changing the rotation speed of the drive shaft 1, the "off" and "on" conversions of the drive shaft 1 and the rotor 14 relative to the housing can be realized. Specifically, when the rotational speed of the drive shaft 1 and the rotor 14 is high, the torque transmitted to the housing is greater than the maximum value of the reaction torque from the formation received by the lower BHA, and the housing is driven by the torque transmitted by the drilling fluid as follows. The driving shaft 1 and the rotor 14 rotate. Although their rotational speed is smaller than the rotational speed of the driving shaft 1 and the rotor 14 due to energy loss during the torque transmission process, it is still said to be in the "closed" state, so the compound drilling method breaks down. rock; when the rotation speed of the drive shaft 1 and the rotor 14 is low, the torque transmitted to the housing is less than or equal to the maximum value of the reaction torque from the formation received by the lower BHA, then the housing is not sufficient to be driven by the torque transmitted by the drilling fluid. If it is following the rotation, it is in the "off" state, thereby breaking the rock by sliding directional drilling.

It can be seen that the composite and sliding coupling directional drilling control tool of the present invention only needs to adjust the rotation speed of the drive shaft 1 to change the torque transmitted from the drilling fluid to the housing, so that the upper drilling tool and the lower BHA rotate compositely or independently with each other. This completes the conversion between "off" and "on" without the need for rigid transmission between the clutched components, thus conveniently switching between sliding directional drilling and compound drilling. By using the composite and sliding coupling directional drilling control tool provided by the present invention, the drilling and completion equipment can be compatible with various forms of drilling motors and measurement while drilling devices (MWD), and significantly reduce the friction of the upper drilling tools during the drilling process. , to avoid drilling accidents such as stick-slip and drill sticking.

In order to better understand the composite and sliding coupling directional drilling control tool of the present invention, each of its assembly parts will be described in detail below:

Drive shaft assembly

As previously mentioned, the drive shaft assembly includes a drive shaft 1 rotatably mounted to a housing via a bearing set. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the drive shaft 1 has a drive end for connecting the upper drilling tool and a connection end for transmission connection to the rotor 14 , wherein the drive end can extend to the outside (upper) of the housing. The drive shaft 1 is formed with a fluid input channel 1a extending between the drive end and the connecting end to enable the input of drilling fluid.

As the installation basis of the drive shaft 1 , the housing here is specifically the drive shaft housing 3 . Since the drive shaft 1 may have a relatively long extension, it may be mounted using a bearing set with multiple (identical or different) bearings. In the preferred embodiment shown in the figure, the bearing set includes a first TC bearing 2 and a second TC bearing 8 arranged at different axial positions of the drive shaft 1 and located at the first TC bearing 2 and the second TC bearing 8 . 7 between string bearings. Specifically, the first TC bearing 2 includes a first TC bearing inner ring 2a and a first TC bearing outer ring 2b, and the second TC bearing 8 includes a second TC bearing inner ring 8a and a second TC bearing outer ring 8b, wherein the The first TC bearing outer ring 2b and the second TC bearing outer ring 8b can be fixed on the inner wall surface of the drive shaft housing 3, and the first TC bearing inner ring 2a and the second TC bearing inner ring 8a can interfere with the drive shaft 1. These inner and outer rings can be fixed axially and/or radially through the outer positioning part 4, the first inner positioning part 5 and the second inner positioning part 6. The string bearing 7 may include a plurality of bearing units arranged in sequence between the first TC bearing 2 and the second TC bearing 8 and having the same specifications. Through this bearing set, the drive shaft 1 can be driven by the upper drilling tool to rotate relative to the drive shaft housing 3, and the drive shaft 1 and the drive shaft housing 3 have a high coaxiality.

A water cap 9 may be connected to the connecting end of the drive shaft 1. The water cap 9 is formed with a first radial flow channel 9a. The first radial flow channel 9a may extend downward along the radial direction or obliquely relative to the radial direction, so as to The drilling fluid input from the fluid input channel 1a is allowed to flow into the annular space between the water cap 9 and the housing (cardan shaft housing 12) through the first radial flow channel 9a. Drilling fluid thus flows downward through the annular space into the screw assembly described below.

Screw assembly

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 , the screw assembly may include a cardan shaft housing 12 connected to the bottom end of the drive shaft housing 3 and a stator housing 16 connected to the bottom end of the cardan shaft housing 12 . Wherein, the universal shaft housing 12 may be provided with a first conversion joint 10 connected to the above-mentioned water cap 9 and a universal shaft 11 connected to the first conversion joint 10, and the lower end of the universal shaft 11 may pass through a second The conversion joint 13 is connected to the rotor 14, whereby the rotor 14 is drivingly connected to the drive shaft 1 through the second conversion joint 13, the cardan shaft 11, the first conversion joint 10 and the water cap 9 to be able to synchronize with the drive shaft 1 Turn.

The rotor 14 extends within the stator housing 16 and is formed with a fluid delivery channel 14a. An annular supercharging channel 14b is formed in the radial gap between the rotor 14 and the stator housing 16 . In order to divert the drilling fluid transported through the annular space between the water cap 9 and the housing (cardan shaft housing 12), the above-mentioned second conversion joint 13 is formed with a second radial flow channel 13a. The channel 13a can extend downward along the radial direction or obliquely relative to the radial direction. Therefore, a part of the drilling fluid in the annular space continues to flow downward into the annular pressurized channel 14b, and the remaining part enters the rotor through the second radial flow channel 13a. 14 in the fluid delivery channel 14a.

The outer circumferential contour of the rotor 14 is formed to pump fluid downwards during rotation of the rotor 14, so that the annular pressurization passage 14b generates a lower pressure at one end toward the drive shaft assembly, and the lower pressure can affect the drilling process. The liquid produces a suction effect. In order to ensure high energy conversion efficiency during the compound drilling process, the stator 15 arranged around the rotor 14 can be connected to the inner wall of the stator housing 16 , and the inner circumferential surface of the stator 15 can be formed to match the rotor 14 Outline. Therefore, when the rotor 14 is driven to rotate, the annular pressurizing channel 14b between the rotor 14 and the stator 15 can effectively suck the drilling fluid above and generate a greater pressure in the clutch assembly at the lower end. At the same time, as the rotor 14 rotates, the drilling fluid has a higher circumferential speed when flowing out of the annular pressurizing channel 14b, which is beneficial to transmitting torque to the housing.

Clutch assembly

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 , the clutch assembly may include a housing joint 18 and a clutch housing 19 connected in sequence to the lower end of the stator housing 16 . The spindle 17 extends within the housing joint 18 and the clutch housing 19 . Connected to one end of the aforementioned rotor 14 away from the drive shaft 1 . The lower end of the clutch housing 19 may be connected to a lower joint 27 for connecting bottom drilling tools.

The spindle 17 is formed with a spindle channel 17a, and a clutch chamber 17b is formed in the radial gap between the spindle 17, the housing joint 18 and the clutch housing 19. The drilling fluid pressurized in the annular pressurizing channel 14b can be passed into the clutch chamber 17b. Since the clutch chamber 17b has a relatively high pressure and the drilling fluid has a circumferential velocity, it can drill through this part. The fluid transmits torque to the housing connection 18 and the clutch housing 19 . At the same time, the drilling fluid in the fluid delivery channel 14a flows downward into the mandrel channel 17a, and merges with the drilling fluid in the clutch chamber 17b at the lower joint 27.

In order to form a higher pressure in the clutch chamber 17b, the spindle 17 in the illustrated preferred embodiment includes a first spindle 171 connected to the rotor 14 and a second spindle 172 connected to the lower end of the first spindle 171. The portion of the clutch chamber 17b corresponding to the second spindle 172 is provided with a pressure difference control element 26 equipped with a pressure nozzle, thereby ensuring the pressure difference between the two axial ends of the annular boosting passage 14b, and thereby ensuring The drilling fluid in the clutch chamber 17b is used to transmit sufficient torque to the housing to achieve a reliable "closed" state.

Figures 6 and 7 show two structural schematic diagrams of the pressure difference control element 26. The pressure difference control element 26 shown in Figure 6 can be installed on the inner wall surface of the clutch housing 19 relatively upward in Figure 5. Three of them are assembled with pressure nozzles with certain throttling resistance, thereby allowing drilling fluid to flow through the pressure nozzles and forming a higher pressure in the clutch chamber 17b; the pressure difference control element 26 shown in Figure 7 can It is the relatively lower one installed on the inner wall surface of the clutch housing 19 in Figure 5. It can be equipped with a pressure nozzle with small throttling resistance or form a throttling channel. By selecting the number of pressure difference control elements 26 or selecting the number of pressure nozzles installed on the pressure difference control elements 26, the pressure that can be generated in the clutch chamber 17b can be set, thereby adapting to different drilling conditions.

As shown in the figure, a through hole for the second mandrel 172 to pass through is formed in the center of the pressure difference control element 26 . In order to utilize the pressure difference control element 26 to radially support the second core shaft 172 , the second core shaft 172 needs to be installed to be able to rotate independently relative to the first core shaft 171 and rotate together with the housing, or to be able to rotate independently relative to the housing. Rotate and rotate together with the first spindle 171 . In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second spindle 172 is sealingly connected to the first spindle 171 through a rotary seal assembly, and is connected to be able to rotate independently of the first spindle 171 . Therefore, by arranging the rotary seal assembly, not only the drilling fluid from the fluid delivery channel 14a can flow downward through the first mandrel 171 and the mandrel channel 17a in the first mandrel 171, but also the annular pressurization channel 14b can be ensured. A sufficient pressure difference is generated between the two axial ends of the clutch chamber 17b to transmit sufficient torque to the housing using the drilling fluid in the clutch chamber 17b.

Figure 5 shows a rotary seal assembly used in a composite and sliding coupling directional drilling control tool according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 , the seal rotating assembly includes a seal housing 25 connected to the second core shaft 172 and extending toward the first core shaft 171 . The seal housing 25 has a mounting groove in which a A pair of radial bearings 23 separated by positioning sleeves 24. The first core shaft 171 is radially supported on the sealing housing 25 through the radial bearing 23 to allow the first core shaft 171 and the second core shaft 172 to rotate relatively independently. The opening end of the installation groove facing the first mandrel 171 is connected to a sealing end cover 22 that is sealingly engaged with the outer circumferential surface of the first mandrel 171 , wherein the outer circumferential wall of the first mandrel 171 can be connected by screws 21 There is a retaining ring 20 abutting against the upper end of the sealing end cover 22 . Thereby, the rotary seal assembly can seal the connection between the first core shaft 171 and the second core shaft 172 and allow them to rotate relatively independently.

The compound and sliding coupling directional drilling control tool of the present invention can be used in drilling and completion equipment. The drilling and completion equipment can be controlled by the above-mentioned drilling control tool to switch between the compound drilling mode and the sliding directional drilling mode. Specifically, during the drilling process, the surface operator controls the rotational speed of the upper drilling tool so that the end of the screw assembly forms a high-pressure chamber, converting mechanical energy into hydraulic energy, and then converts the hydraulic energy into output torque through the clutch assembly: When the rotation speed of the upper drilling tool is set so that the converted output torque is greater than the reaction torque of the lower drilling tool, the lower drilling tool is driven to rotate to form compound drilling; when the rotation speed of the upper drilling tool is set so that the converted output torque is smaller than the reaction torque of the lower drilling tool When the tool's reaction torque is applied, the lower drilling tool does not rotate, resulting in sliding drilling. No matter what drilling mode is adopted, the drilling fluid input through the fluid input channel 1a can be collected at the bottom end of the drilling control tool and introduced into the lower drilling tool, so there is no fluid loss.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, including the combination of specific technical features in any suitable manner. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not further described in the present invention. However, these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the disclosed content of the present invention, and all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

A compound and sliding coupling directional drilling control tool, which is characterized by including:

a housing having a hollow cavity;

The drive shaft (1) is rotatably mounted to the housing through a bearing set and extends through the hollow cavity, and the drive shaft (1) is formed with an axially extending fluid input channel. (1a);

The rotor (14) is drivingly connected to the drive shaft (1) and is formed with an axially extending fluid delivery channel (14a). The diameter between the housing and the rotor (14) The gap is formed into an annular pressurizing channel (14b), and the fluid input channel (1a) is connected to the fluid delivery channel (14a) and the annular pressurizing channel (14b), so that the rotor (14) can be When the drive shaft (1) is driven to rotate and forms a differential speed with the housing, the annular boosting channel (14b) can suck at least part of the fluid input by the fluid input channel (1a);

A spindle (17), the spindle (17) includes a first spindle (171) connected to an end of the rotor (14) away from the drive shaft (1) and a first spindle (171) connected to the first spindle (171). ) is a second mandrel (172) at one end away from the rotor (14), and the mandrel (17) is formed with a mandrel channel (17a) connected to the fluid delivery channel (14a), and the housing and A clutch chamber (17b) defined by the rotor (14) and the pressure difference control element (26) is formed in the radial gap between the spindles (17), and the clutch chamber (17b) is connected to the annular Pressurization channel (14b), the pressure difference control element (26) is equipped with a pressure nozzle, and the fluid entering the clutch chamber (17b) can flow through the pressure difference control element (26) and pass through the second core One end of the shaft (172) away from the first mandrel (171) merges with the fluid flowing through the mandrel (17) to be driven by the drive shaft (1) through the rotor (14). Having different rotational speeds causes the housing to be coupled or decoupled relative to the rotor (14) and spindle (17).
The composite and sliding coupling directional drilling control tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing group includes first TC bearings (2) spaced apart from each other and arranged at different axial positions of the drive shaft (1). and a second TC bearing (8) and a string bearing (7) located between the first TC bearing (2) and the second TC bearing (8).
The compound and sliding coupling directional drilling control tool according to claim 1, characterized in that a water cap (9) is connected to one end of the drive shaft (1) facing the rotor (14), and the water cap (9) ) is formed with a first radial flow channel (9a) to allow the fluid input from the fluid input channel (1a) to flow into the water cap (9) and the shell through the first radial flow channel (9a) in the annular space between bodies.
The composite and sliding coupling directional drilling control tool according to claim 3, characterized in that the rotor (14) is drivingly connected to the drive shaft (1) through a cardan shaft (11), and the cardan shaft (11) Both ends of 11) are respectively connected to a first conversion joint (10) connected to the water cap (9) and a second conversion joint (13) formed with a second radial flow channel (13a), and the fluid input The channel (1a) communicates with the annular pressurizing channel (14b) through the annular space between the water cap (9) and the housing, and communicates with the fluid through the second radial flow channel (13a) Conveyor channel (14a).
The composite and sliding coupling directional drilling control tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a stator (15) surrounding the rotor (14) is connected to the inner wall of the housing, and the An annular pressurizing channel (14b) is formed between the stator (15) and the rotor (14), and is formed to be able to pump in a direction away from the drive shaft (1) during the rotation of the rotor (14). Thus, at least part of the fluid input by the fluid input channel (1a) is sucked.
The composite and sliding coupling directional drilling control tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the pressure difference control element (26) is connected to the inner wall surface of the housing and radially supports the The second core shaft (172) is sealingly connected to the first core shaft (171) through a rotary seal assembly and is connected to be able to rotate relative to the first core shaft (171).
The composite and sliding coupling directional drilling control tool according to claim 6, characterized in that the rotary seal assembly includes a seal connected to the second mandrel (172) and extending toward the first mandrel (171). Sealing housing (25), the sealing housing (25) has an installation groove, and the first core shaft (171) is radially supported on the sealing housing through a radial bearing (23) installed in the installation groove. (25) To allow relative rotation of the first mandrel (171) and the second mandrel (172), the opening end of the mounting groove facing the first mandrel (171) is connected with the second mandrel (172). A sealing end cap (22) is sealingly engaged with the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel (171).
The composite and sliding coupling directional drilling control tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the housing is detachably connected in sequence and corresponds to the drive shaft (1) and the rotor (14) respectively. and multiple sections of the core shaft (17), and/or, one end of the housing away from the driving shaft (1) is connected to a lower joint (27) for connecting bottom hole drilling tools.
A compound and sliding coupling directional drilling control method, characterized in that it includes using the compound and sliding coupling directional drilling control tool according to any one of claims 1 to 8 to selectively execute the compound drilling mode and sliding according to the downhole signal. In directional drilling mode, the driving shaft of the drilling control tool is rigidly connected to the upper drilling tool, and the bottom end of the housing is connected to the lower drilling tool, wherein,

Control the rotational speed of the upper drilling tool. When the torque converted by the rotational speed is less than the reaction torque transmitted by the lower drilling tool, the housing is decoupled from the rotor (14) and the core shaft (17), and the Sliding directional drilling mode; when the torque converted by the rotational speed is greater than the reaction torque transmitted by the lower drilling tool, the housing is coupled relative to the rotor (14) and the mandrel (17) to execute the compound drilling mode .