WO2023244159A1 - Dispositif et procédé de traitement de déchets humains - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de traitement de déchets humains Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023244159A1
WO2023244159A1 PCT/SE2023/050598 SE2023050598W WO2023244159A1 WO 2023244159 A1 WO2023244159 A1 WO 2023244159A1 SE 2023050598 W SE2023050598 W SE 2023050598W WO 2023244159 A1 WO2023244159 A1 WO 2023244159A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
urine
pump
buffer tank
anyone
tank
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2023/050598
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Peter THUVANDER
Malcolm ROYEN
Original Assignee
Harvest Moon Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Harvest Moon Ab filed Critical Harvest Moon Ab
Publication of WO2023244159A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023244159A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
    • C02F1/685—Devices for dosing the additives
    • C02F1/686—Devices for dosing liquid additives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K11/00—Closets without flushing; Urinals without flushing; Chamber pots; Chairs with toilet conveniences or specially adapted for use with toilets
    • A47K11/02—Dry closets, e.g. incinerator closets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • C05F3/04—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure from human faecal masses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • C05F3/06—Apparatus for the manufacture
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R15/00—Arrangements or adaptations of sanitation devices
    • B60R15/04—Toilet facilities
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/78—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/305—Endocrine disruptive agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/34—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/002—Grey water, e.g. from clothes washers, showers or dishwashers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/005—Black water originating from toilets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
    • C02F2201/005—Valves
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/008—Mobile apparatus and plants, e.g. mounted on a vehicle
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/009—Apparatus with independent power supply, e.g. solar cells, windpower, fuel cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/42—Liquid level
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/02—Fluid flow conditions
    • C02F2301/024—Turbulent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/20—Prevention of biofouling

Definitions

  • substances such as antibiotics, hormones or narcotics may still be present in the water released from treatment plants and may pose a risk to organisms such as fish. If the water released from the treatment plants is able to penetrate lakes or reservoirs used as fresh water supply for cities there is also a risk that such substances may be present in drinking water.
  • a present and future need, for the purpose of recycling and environmental care, is to be able to extract the nutrients from said human waste.
  • tubing used needs to be flexible to follow the topography and be easy to install.
  • On example may be flexible plastic tubing with rills, similar to tubing of a vacuum cleaner tubing.
  • urine can accumulate and become stagnant in the rills which leads to biofilm and precipitates that cause blockages.
  • said tubing are very expensive.
  • Other examples of tubing possible tubing are tubing of hard polyethylene, such as PEM pipes. These are however difficult to handle and are also expensive.
  • Soft tubing with smaller diameters, such as garden tubing are easier to employ and cheaper, but they increase the risk of blockage.
  • Urine contains a variety of minerals that in themselves, (for example, magnesium ammonium phosphate), or together with minerals in water form precipitates (for example, lime in water can form calcium phosphate with urine). A number of organisms can also form hard plaques.
  • Sanitization or cleaning chemicals may be added, but if not correctly dosed, they may themselves cause precipitates and blockage. Moreover, commonly used sanitization chemicals may destroy the nutrient ability of the urine.
  • the toilets mentioned above handle the smell of the faeces and urine it receives with different with complicated and expensive techniques or a combination of strong chemicals or a large quantity of milder chemicals. There is therefore a need for an improved source-separating sanitation solution that solves these problems in a convenient, reliable, cost-effective way, and environmentally friendly solution.
  • the object of the present invention is to eliminate or at least to minimize the problems discussed above. This is achieved by a device and method for handling human waste, in particular relating to treatment of urine, according to the appended independent claims, and also, to software and hardware for performing the method.
  • the present invention relates in particular to "dry” or “anhydrous” waste-sorting sanitization devices or toilets, even if the present technology also can be utilized in regular wc.
  • Combustion and compost toilets are existing examples of "dry” or “anhydrous” toilets.
  • dry toilets the faeces end up in a container placed directly below the user when they sit in the toilet. Furthermore, there is a urine separating seat with a separate bowl for the urine.
  • Some particular features of the present invention are that it separates urine and faeces, stabilizes the urine by addition of a urine-stabilizing substance making it storable without odor and used for fertilizer production, provides superior mixing of urine-stabilizing substance and urine which minimizes the required amount of substance, and transporting the urine, and optionally against gravitation, for higher level storage.
  • the technical features providing these advantages will be described more in detail below.
  • the present inventors have developed an integrated source-sorting anhydrous toilet.
  • the present invention focuses on the handling of urine, and is designed for a small environmental footprint and the purpose of using the rest products as fertilizers. While avoiding smell and precipitations that may block the pipes or tubing of the toilet, it only requires mild or small quantities of chemicals.
  • the device is fitted with a urine mixing and transportation pump that can be placed in a toilet seat under the urine separating bowl. Urine is moved through narrow flexible tubing, while avoiding precipitation and biofilm growth in said tubing by being able to dose and mix urine-stabilizing substances in the right amount and at the right time. In addition to preventing bad smell, the combination of said appropriate amount of urine-stabilizing substance, mixing, and automatic emptying of the urine in the urine buffer tank.
  • the mild chemical of chemistry prevents loss of nitrogen (urease in urine hydrolyses urea to form volatile ammonia), which maintains the nutritional value of urine and makes it usable as fertilizer.
  • the simple and compact sanitation device or toilet having urine treatment integrated in the toilet module itself, features a minimum of tubing, pumps and valves, thus greatly reducing the risk of precipitation and biofilm formation and blockage, and the need for maintenance.
  • This device may be combined with other technology developed by the applicant that also handles the faeces in an efficient and safe manner, see for example WO/2022/071865.
  • waste-sorting toilets are easier to install and maintain. This would reduce costs and work, which would make recycling easier, both in houses and residential areas, but also in motorhomes, boats, temporary toilets and more.
  • Dry waste-sorting toilets could be easily placed in basements and the urine may then be pumped to ground level.
  • a number of toilets can be connected to a "microgrid", where urine is led to a common process unit.
  • Anhydrous toilets can be installed in Attefallshus (small houses of less than 30 square meters detached from a main house) and the urine is led to existing sewers.
  • a device for treating human waste 1 comprising: a container for receiving urine 2 which is in open connection with the buffer tank; a buffer tank for receiving and storing urine 3, wherein the container 2 is in open connection with the buffer tank 3; and a pump (4) for mixing and transporting urine and added urine-stabilizing substance, which is in open connection with the buffer tank, and wherein the pump is adapted to create turbulence in the buffer tank and pump chamber; wherein the device 1 is designed to receive urine into the container 2 and direct this to the buffer tank 3 and further down into the pump chamber of the pump 4, and when operating the pump, the urine and the urine-stabilizing substance are mixed into the buffer tank and the pump chamber with the help of the turbulence that the pump creates in these.
  • a software a data processing system comprising means for carrying out the method of any of the claims, a computer program product comprising instructions which, when the program is executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out the method of any of claims, and a computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out the method of any of claims.
  • Figure 1 discloses a waste-sorting toilet according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 discloses an embodiment of the waste-sorting toilet according to the present invention with a urine separating bowl, a urine buffer tank, a pump integrated into the bottom of the buffer tank, an elevated urine storage tank and evaporation of stabilized urine, and how the pump and buffer tank improves the mixing of urine and added urine stabilizing substance
  • Figure 3 discloses a flow chart of the basic steps of the method of operation of the waste-sorting toilet according to the present invention
  • a device 1 for the treatment of human waste comprising a container 1 for receiving urine, a buffer tank 3 for receiving and storing urine (said container and buffer tank being in open connection) and a pump 4, preferably an impeller pump or centrifugal pump, having a brushless DC motor, more preferably an impeller pump with a non-flexible impeller having a brushless DC motor, for mixing and transporting urine and urine-stabilizing substance (added to the urine in the device), and which pump has a chamber in open connection with the buffer tank, wherein the device 1 is designed such that when urine is received in the container 2 it is passed to the buffer tank 3, preferably by free fall, and further down into the pump chamber 4, and then, when operating the pump, the urine-stabilizing substance is put into contact with the urine, the urine and the urine-stabilizing substance are mixed in the buffer tank and pump chamber by the turbulence that the pump creates in them.
  • the container and buffer tank are in open connection with each other. In one embodiment, these are in constant open connection. In another embodiment, they are in open connection but a valve or check valve is located between them.
  • the pump in vacuum system is not integrated into the toilet.
  • the vacuum pump must be located at the final tank. This poses a number of problems.
  • the tank must withstand negative pressure and be specially adapted to the pump to which the urine is sucked, which requires complicated signal and power lines between the tank and the toilet, which complicates the construction and increases production cost.
  • Vacuum pumps separate gas and liquid with the result that ammonia from the urine and bad odor may escape the system. Vacuum pumps are expensive and complex, and it takes time to build up a vacuum when large amounts of air are to be evacuated.
  • Diaphragm pumps can pump at high pressure into narrow tubes, but may not be used for liquids with particles and dirt.
  • Peristaltic pumps have tubing that are create pressure that are both complicated and expensive to produce, and have a high degree of wear, thus requiring regular service and have a high noise level.
  • the cost, high maintenance and reduced flexibility rules it out for the purpose of the present invention.
  • centrifugal pumps are robust and can pump particles and dirt. These are available with cutting impellers, but since they cannot create a negative pressure via air, they are placed standing so that the pump chamber is below the liquid level. These cannot then completely empty a tank when the impeller ends up above the liquid level and so-called airlocks "air pockets" arise that prevent liquid from being compressed. This also reduces its capacity to totally remove urine and its odor.
  • centrifugal pumps are cutting centrifugal pumps, which are placed horizontally under the water lock of for example boat toilets. However, these do not separate the waste and are large, expensive, use a lot of energy and require about 2-3 liters of flushing water per use.
  • the cutting pump also mixes the fraction further so that filtering of ex faeces and water is significantly complicated.
  • One of the main objects of the present invention is to control the urine odor.
  • One measure is to avoid urine odor, is to keep the urine content in the toilet as low as possible.
  • An impeller pump or centrifugal pump, particularly a brushless DC pump, and more particularly one with a rigid or nonflexible impeller, has been found to work and be the best choice if constructional adaptations are made as according to the present invention.
  • said pump types can pump without liquid and thus keep the urine content and thereby urine odor at a minimum.
  • the pump can also handle corrosive or demanding fluids.
  • a pump motor of the type brushless DC motor is used. If the stator of said motor is being digitally controlled, there is provided a pump that has a very low height, (when the rotor shaft is vertical). This increases the possible height of the urine tank. This is a greatly increases the buffer/urine tank capacity.
  • the digital drive further provides contactless transmission of the varying electromagnetic field that drives the rotor, which makes such a pump very robust with a low level of service.
  • Another great advantage of brushless DC pumps in the connection of the present invention is that the rotor and stator are separated from each other by a material that allows an electromagnetic field to pass. This means that the pump does not need special gaskets that seal against the rotor shaft.
  • the rotation of the impeller in the pump chamber helps to increase the mixing of urine and added stabilizing/hygiene substances.
  • the rotation of the impeller, the design of the impeller and pump provide a higher and better mixing of urine-stabilizing substance and urine. This rotation creates turbulence in the liquid that also propagates outside the pump chamber, out to the buffer tank and tubing, thus further increasing the mixing.
  • the manual addition of urinestabilizing substance by the user may be prompted by a signal (light or sound) from the device, when a urine measuring unit has detected at least a predetermined maximum amount of urine in the buffer tank.
  • Level and “amount” may be used synonymously in the present disclosure. Normally, detection would be based on reaching a certain level (in height) in the buffer tank. However, the amount of urine may also be based on weight.
  • this signal may be an indication to the user to change the dosing unit.
  • said addition is done automatically, and the device 1 comprises a delivery device 5 for delivering the urine-stabilizing substance to the urine in the buffer tank or pump chamber.
  • the central control unit is also electronically connected to the pump.
  • at least one maximum level needs to be measured in the buffer tank, and that the pump can empty the tank between dosages.
  • two levels or more are measure using a float sensor or other sensor device. If the measurement provides information that maximum level 2 or 3 has been reached, a quantity of substance can be dosed accordingly, manually or mechanically. In this way, the correct amount of substance is dosed.
  • the sensor thus also works to prevent overflow.
  • the pump can start, mix the substance and urine, and emptying the tank. The sensor thus provides information that the tank is empty and the pump should stop pumping. If the sensor still signals that level 2 or 3 has been reached even after the pump should have emptied the tank, it is signaled to the user that the emptying is not working and that service is required.
  • the pump is integrated into the bottom of the buffer tank to maximize the buffer tank size.
  • the pump is separated from and at a distance from the buffer tank by a tubing.
  • the pump is preferably integrated in the bottom of the tank or below the tank, and with the impeller in horizontal position, such that the pump is always primed with urine and can operate without air problems. This also makes it possible to fully empty the urine buffer tank, thus minimizing any bad smell and the risk of precipitation of salts or biofilm formation. Complete emptying of the buffer tank also provides for a more accurate addition of urine stabilizing substance.
  • the pump is located below the corner of the tank. This makes it possible to have an outlet tubing leaving the pump housing vertically alongside the buffer tank and avoiding a bend in the tubing to provide for better flow, less precipitation, the possibility to remove the tank in case if a power failure, et c). This facilitates production and makes the construction more compact.
  • the tubing may be fitted with a check valve for prevention of urine flowing back into the buffer tank 3.
  • the tubing continues into an exterior opening part of the tank (not shown in the drawings) that acts as an outlet to the storage tank 7 and which is fitted in a check valve. While mounted, said exterior part pushes into the opening of the check valve, keeping an open connection between the tank 3 and tank 7. At the removal of the tank 3, the exterior opening part of the tank leaves the check valve opening and closes the check valve, thus preventing urine leakage when removing the tank 3.
  • the urine and fecal containers, and urine buffer tank are easily removable modules to facilitate cleaning, maintenance, or replacement.
  • the container 2 for receiving urine and buffer tank 3 are one and the same.
  • the pump is then located at the same location as described above.
  • the device may comprise several urine containers 2 leading urine to one buffer tank 3. These embodiments represent a construction of the device that may be used in for example public urinal facility for one user or several simultaneous users.
  • the delivery device 5 is adapted to receive urine-stabilizing substances selected from acids, bases, oxidizing substances, liquid, gas, and other suitable solids or liquid substances with the ability to stabilize urine.
  • said delivery device is arranged to generate the urine-stabilizing substance electrochemically, for example in the container 5.1.
  • the generated substance is ozone.
  • waste-sorting toilets One problem of waste-sorting toilets is the handling of large volumes of urine.
  • One way to reduce the volume would be to reduce its water content. If urine processes are to contain evaporation of the water in urine to obtain a concentrate of nutrients for easier handling and cheaper transport, and today the urine is allowed to fall naturally to tanks outdoors. To be energy-efficient, the water may be reduced by evaporation by the sun. The problem is that the tanks must then be placed under the urine-receiving container and will thus have a small surface exposed to the sun, unless you can increase the bottom area of the tank. However, this requires large land areas, something that is rarely available in cities or slums.
  • the urine is pumped to a storage tank located on ground level containing a mixture of sawdust and lime in different layers, to be mixed with the gray water, and is purified through biofilm on the wood shavings and precipitate in the lime to so-called high-level protection N ⁇ 70%, P ⁇ 50%, BOD ⁇ 90%, before the purified mixture of urine and gray water is released.
  • the urine is pumped into a ventilated container containing a mix of sawdust and soil to be co-composted with the sawdust while venting leftover liquid. In such a system, it is an advantage if the amount of urine pumped from the toilet is checked by a sensor in the container that communicates with the control electronics in the toilet.
  • the units or parts of units described above are, if not indicated explicitly, connected by tubing.
  • Said tubing may be in some cases rigid, but are in general flexible for the purpose of construction freeness.
  • the tubing may be made by various materials such as metals, plastics, rubber, etc. If not specified otherwise in the present disclosure, the tubing preferably has a diameter of 5-32 mm. In one embodiment, the diameter is 12-19 mm.
  • control units including microprocessors and software regulating the communication and control of for example the measuring of urine, signal prompting manual addition of urine stabilization substance and automatic release of said substance, operation of the pump, etc.
  • a method of treating human waste comprises to provide a device 1 for treating human waste that comprises a container 2 for receiving urine, a buffer tank 3 for receiving and intermediately storing urine, and a pump 4 whose pump chamber is in open connection with the buffer tank, as well as a urine-stabilizing substance, wherein the method comprises the steps of to receiving urine in the container 2, when a user uses the device 1, and leading it, preferably by free fall, to the buffer tank 3 and further down into the chamber of the pump 4, while putting the urine-stabilizing substance into contact with the urine, and mixing the urine and the urine-stabilizing substance, by operating the pump, in the buffer tank and the pump chamber using the turbulence that the pump creates in these.
  • the method further comprises providing a delivery device 5 for delivery of a urine-stabilizing substance, and a step of actively delivering it to the urine to the buffer tank 3 or the pump chamber 4.
  • the method further comprises providing a delivery device 5 comprising a container 5.1 for receiving and storing the urine-stabilizing substance, and which is connected to the buffer tank or pump chamber by tubing, a measuring sensor 5.2 arranged to detect at least a maximum level of urine in the buffer tank, and which is electronically connected to and controlling the container 5.1 and the pump 4, and where the method further comprises a step where the measuring sensor 5.2 measures a maximum level of urine in the buffer tank and electronically signals to the
  • the urine-stabilizing substance is an acid (e.g., citric acid, oxalic acid, benzoic acid) may have a pH less than 4, for example pH 2.5-3.5. If being a base, the pH may be above 10, for example 10.5-11.5.
  • an acid e.g., citric acid, oxalic acid, benzoic acid
  • the pH may be above 10, for example 10.5-11.5.
  • ozone It may be supplied as ozone at e.g., 1-350 mg/h.
  • Other examples are hydrogen peroxide, enzymes, NBPT, and potassium sorbate, which may typically be used at 0.1-5% in relation to the urine content/volume. All substances are added at an amount that achieves the desired sanitation effect.
  • the urine storage tank may be 50-4000 litres, for example 100-1000 litres. Drying of the urine may suitably be performed at 25-55°C. Venting may be performed at 25-500 m 3 /h, e.g., at 50-250 m 3 /h. Drying may be suitably performed to 5%-50%, preferably 10-25%, of the original weight.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif sec ou anhydre pour le traitement de déchets humains (1) comprenant : un récipient pour recevoir l'urine (2) ; un réservoir tampon pour recevoir et stocker provisoirement l'urine (3), le récipient (2) et le réservoir tampon (3) étant en liaison ouverte l'un avec l'autre ; et une pompe (4) pour mélanger et transporter l'urine et la substance stabilisatrice d'urine, qui est en liaison ouverte avec le réservoir tampon, la pompe étant adaptée pour créer des turbulences dans le réservoir tampon et dans la chambre de la pompe ; le dispositif (1) étant conçu pour recevoir l'urine dans le récipient (2) et la diriger vers le réservoir tampon (3), puis vers la chambre de pompage de la pompe (4), et lors du fonctionnement de la pompe, l'urine et la substance stabilisatrice d'urine sont mélangées dans le réservoir tampon et la chambre de pompage grâce aux turbulences que la pompe crée dans ces derniers.
PCT/SE2023/050598 2022-06-14 2023-06-15 Dispositif et procédé de traitement de déchets humains WO2023244159A1 (fr)

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SE2230195-6 2022-06-14
SE2230195 2022-06-14

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Citations (6)

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CN212246710U (zh) * 2020-08-20 2020-12-29 刘爱彬 一种粪便快速无害化处理系统
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