WO2023244130A1

WO2023244130A1 - Support construction for photovoltaic panels with two rotation axes and assembly for rotating photovoltaic panels into two axes

Info

Publication number: WO2023244130A1
Application number: PCT/PL2022/050038
Authority: WO
Inventors: Edward Kalinowski
Original assignee: Edward Kalinowski
Priority date: 2022-06-16
Filing date: 2022-06-16
Publication date: 2023-12-21

Abstract

The subject of the present invention is a support construction for photovoltaic panels with two rotation axes comprising an underframe (2), a mast (3) rotating around its vertical axis X, and a frame (4) for holding at least one photovoltaic panel. The support construction (1) comprises a mechanism for pivoting the frame around a horizontal axis Y. The mechanism comprises at least one tension spring (24a), (24b) configured to pull down the frame (4) so that it pivots around axis Y, and at least one cable (25), configured to pull down the frame (4) so that it pivots around axis Y in opposite direction. The support construction (1) comprises also a mechanism for rotating the mast around its vertical axis X. The mechanism is a worm gear (12) with a worm (13) embedded in a supporting plate (15) fixed to the underframe (2) and a gear (14) mounted detachably around the mast (3).

Description

Support construction for photovoltaic panels with two rotation axes and assembly for rotating photovoltaic panels into two axes

Technical field

The object of the invention is a support construction for photovoltaic panels with two rotational axes. The support construction is designed particularly for use in photovoltaic installations where optimal positioning of the photovoltaic panels in relation to the sun is required. The object of the invention is also an assembly for rotating photovoltaic panels into two axes. The assembly is intended for use in photovoltaic installations containing more than one support construction.

Prior art

Photovoltaic panels in installations for the generation of electricity from solar radiation are mounted on support constructions. These constructions can be placed on the ground or on the roofs of buildings, either flat or with a slope. One of the main functions of support constructions, apart from being the carrier to which the photovoltaic panels are attached, is to set these panels in a position ensuring their highest efficiency. Such positioning consists mainly in fixing the photovoltaic panels at an angle ensuring their highest efficiency during the day.

Among the known support constructions for photovoltaic panels, there is a distinction between stationary and movable structures. The first type of support construction does not offer the possibility of changing the orientation of the photovoltaic panels in relation to the sun without modifications to the structure. Movable constructions allow changing the position of the photovoltaic panels in one or more planes. Among this type of construction, the most popular are those with one and two axes of rotation. Supporting constructions with a single axis of rotation may have a horizontal, vertical, or inclined axis of rotation. In singleaxis designs, a horizontal axis of rotation is most commonly used. In this way, with a relatively simple design, it is possible to adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panels to the height of the sun in the sky during the day. The two pivot axis construction allows the angle of the panels to be adjusted and the position of the panels to be changed so that they are always perpendicular to the sun as it moves across the sky. In movable support constructions, the positioning of photovoltaic panels the photovoltaic panels are usually positioned automatically. For this purpose, these constructions are equipped with their own drive in the form of actuators or gears with motors. This drive can be connected to a control system that, based on the input data, controls the operation of said drive.

From the Polish patent PL.235952 is known a rack, especially for photovoltaic modules. It consists of a circular profiled guide on which is mounted a base frame by means of at least three bearing mounted holders. To the top of the base, a frame is attached an upper frame at least at two support points. The upper frame is connected to the base frame by linear actuators. The base frame is supported on the guide rail by rollers. The number of rollers is equal to the number of support points. On the outer circumference of the guide rail, there are at least two anchoring elements, located at least two points, at an angular distance of not less than 15 degrees from each other. To the guide rail, on its outer side, and in its lower part is anchored a drive chain. The drive mechanism is attached to the main frame. The mechanism consists of a drive rack connected to the motor and tension rollers through which the drive chain passes. The track roller is located in the housing on which rests the main frame. Moreover, on the axis of each roller is located a shaft on which is mounted a handle with a locating roller resting on the upper inner part of the guide rail.

From US patent application US2013075545A1 is known supporting framework for a photovoltaic module and tracking device for a photovoltaic system. According to the invention, each of the frameworks has a driver element which, in particular, is cylindrical and has a common drive device that loops or wraps around it in the installed state. In order to prevent slippage between the drive device and the driver element, there is provided a friction braking device which, in a particular embodiment, is formed by a guide slot in the driver element.

A solar panel assembly is known from the international application W02012030225A1. A solar panel assembly for collecting sunlight, comprising an underframe, a first solar panel holder and a solar panel, wherein the first solar panel holder comprises a basis having a circumference onto which a drive engages for rotation of the first solar panel holder with respect to the underframe about a vertical rotation axis, wherein with respect to the first solar panel holder the solar panel is rotatable about a horizontal rotation axis, wherein the vertical rotation axis is perpendicular to the horizontal rotation axis and intersects the horizontal rotation axis in an intersection, wherein the solar panel assembly is provided with a second solar panel holder which, when viewed parallel to the vertical rotation axis, is situated fully within the circumference of the basis of the first solar panel holder, wherein the second solar panel holder is rotatable with respect to the underframe about a parallactic rotation axis, wherein the parallactic rotation axis intersects the intersection of the horizontal rotation axis and the vertical rotation axis.

The US patent application US2010175741A1 discloses a dual-axis sun-tracking solar panel array. The adjustments of the photovoltaic panels can be performed on two axes: pivot and tilt. The photovoltaic panels can be pivotably mounted along the longitudinal axis of rotatable frames. The substantially parallel photovoltaic panels in a frame can be simultaneously pivoted by a pivoting drive mechanism attached to the frame. Multiple tiltable frames can be arranged in parallel to each other, thus creating a 2-D matrix of the photovoltaic panels. The tiltable frames can be supported by an elevated structure permitting the unobstructed rotation of both the frames and the panels inside the frames. A controller can synchronize the tilt and pivot, such that the combined rotation of the photovoltaic panels results in the photovoltaic panels of the entire array being substantially perpendicular to the incident solar radiation.

A system for rotating photovoltaic modules is known from US patent application US2017149375A1. The system can include an elongated structural member extending along and parallel to the row; protrusions coupled to the elongated structural member; an actuator; and drive mechanisms coupled to the photovoltaic modules. Actuation of the actuator can move the elongated structural member, the movement of the elongated structural member can move the protrusions, the movement of the protrusions can move the drive mechanisms, and the movement of the drive mechanisms can rotate the photovoltaic modules.

European patent application EP2154449A2 discloses a solar and/or wind tracker plant, comprising a plurality of tracker devices, each comprising a base on which a vertical-axis fifth wheel is located, a rotating part of which bears a scaffold structure for supporting a flat frame bearing photovoltaic panels. The flat frame is free to oscillate on the scaffold structure about a horizontal axis, in which each tracker device is connected to other tracker devices of the plant by means of a first and a second system of independent cables. A cable synchronously activates rotations of the scaffold structure about a vertical axis thereof and another synchronously activates rotation of the flat frame bearing the solar panels about a horizontal hinge axis of the flat frame to the scaffold structure.

In the solutions known from the prior art, containing several support constructions, providing a drive from one source to all support constructions requires the use of complicated mechanisms for transmitting the drive over a distance, such as, for example, drive shafts with numerous toothed gears, belt transmissions with a large number of pulleys. This leads, in the first place, to an increase in costs of construction and operation of supporting structures, and secondly to an increase in failure rates due to the number of moving parts. The further drawback of the inventions described in the state of the art is also that repairing and servicing the support constructions is costly and time-consuming. A replacement of damaged or worn-out components such as gears rotating the construction around its vertical axis usually requires decoupling major parts of the support construction. This requires the use of a crane, which is costly and takes time.

The objective of the present invention is to provide a support construction for photovoltaic panels with simple mechanisms to rotate the panels in the vertical and horizontal axes, easy for repair and service.

Summary of the invention

In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a support construction for photovoltaic panels with two rotation axes comprising an underframe, a mast rotating around its vertical axis X, mounted to the underframe, wherein the mast comprises a mechanism for rotating it around vertical axis X, a frame mounted pivotably to the mast for holding at least one photovoltaic panel, wherein the support construction comprises a mechanism for pivoting the frame around a horizontal axis Y. The mechanism for pivoting the frame around the horizontal axis Y comprises at least one tension spring, with one end attached to the frame at one side of horizontal axis Y, and a second end attached to the mast, configured to pull down the frame so that it pivots around axis Y, and at least one cable with one end attached to the frame at the second side of horizontal axis Y, opposite to the first one and the second end connected with a pulling mechanism, configured to pull down the frame so that it pivots around axis Y in opposite direction. The mechanism for rotating the mast is a worm gear with a worm embedded in a supporting plate fixed to the underframe and a gear mounted detachably around the mast. The tension spring attached to the frame at the first side of axis Y when the frame is in a horizontal position is extended accumulating energy. When the cable attached to the frame at the second side of horizontal axis Y, is released i.e. no force pulls it down or at least keeps it in a fixed position, the tension spring pulls down the side of the frame to which is fixed. The pivotably mounted frame rotates around the axis Y. When the pulling mechanism starts to pull down the cable, the side of the frame to which is attached goes down, causing the frame rotates around axis Y in opposite direction. The tension spring stretches accumulating energy. This simple mechanism for pivoting the frame around a horizontal axis Y is very easy and cheap in producing and maintaining. In the support construction according to the invention, the frame needs to be rotated only in one direction by the external force. A pivot in the opposite direction is achieved without providing a second external force. This results in simple, robust design, and low costs of operating.

Preferably, the gear has an inner opening with a diameter equal to or greater than the outer diameter of the mast and a notch connecting the inner opening with an outer edge of the gear, with a width equal to or greater than the outer diameter of the mast. The notch enables to place and/or displace the gear around the mast without disconnecting the mast from the underframe.

Preferably, the cable is guided from the frame to the bottom of the underframe where it connects with the pulling mechanism, wherein a lower part of the cable is guided inside the mast. Guiding lower part of the cable inside the mast protects the cable from damage.

Preferably, the support construction for photovoltaic panels comprises three rollers for guiding the cable. One roller mounted at the bottom of the underframe is arranged to change the position of the cable from essentially a vertical position to a horizontal position and a direction from essentially perpendicular to the horizontal axis Y to a direction parallel with the axis Y.

Preferably, the support construction for photovoltaic panels comprises a horizontal beam mounted at the top of the mast, parallel to the axis Y. The beam is supported by two brackets attached to the mast.

Preferably, the frame is pivotably mounted to the beam, by means of three pin joints. Three joint provides a strong and reliable connection between frame and mast. Thanks to an additional supporting element such as the horizontal beam with two brackets the supporting construction is more robust and can be installed event in the windy areas.

Preferably, the frame for holding at least one photovoltaic panel comprises a hydraulic damper arranged for buffering a movement of the frame around the axis Y. The hydraulic damper eliminates jerks and makes the frame pivots around the axis Y more smooth.

Preferably, the hydraulic damper connects the frame with support attached to the mast, wherein the hydraulic damper is situated at the same side of the frame as the cable.

Preferably, the mast is attached to the underframe by means of a tapered roller bearing, a sliding sleeve, and a snap ring. The application of the tapered roller bearing allows eliminating a backlash in the connection between the mast and the underframe. The sliding sleeve additionally stiffens the connection making it more resilient to the forces perpendicular to the vertical axis X.

Preferably, the underframe has at least one through-out opening adapted to allow a cord of the pulling mechanism to pass through.

The subject of the invention is also an assembly for rotating photovoltaic panels into two axes comprising at least two support construction according to the invention, wherein a pulling mechanism arranged for pulling a cable of mechanisms for pivoting a frame contains a cord to which each cable is attached, wherein the cord is connected to an actuator, whereas worms of worm gears are connected to each other by means of Cardan shafts.

One cord pulls all cables of mechanisms pivoting the frames. This mechanism for rotating photovoltaic panels in the vertical axis is very simple. It is very easy and cheap in producing, maintaining, and service. Due to specially adapted through-opening in the underframes, the cord can be easily replaced without the use of a crane or similar equipment. The links between worms realized the Cardan shafts provide a flexible connection that enables locating a set of support constructions on an uneven surface.

Preferably, at least one support construction contains a motor arranged to rotate a shaft with the worm.

Preferably, the cord passes through a through-out opening in an underframe of at least one support construction.

Preferably, the support constructions are arranged in a line. Brief description of drawing

The object of the invention is shown in the embodiment in a drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 shows the support construction for photovoltaic panels in a side view;

Fig. 2 shows the support construction for photovoltaic panels in a front view;

Fig. 3 shows the support construction for photovoltaic panels in a plan view;

Fig. 4 shows the lower part of the support construction for photovoltaic panels in a crosssection view;

Fig. 5 shows the worm gear in a plan view;

Fig. 6 shows in a front view a set of five aligned support constructions arranged in the assembly for rotating photovoltaic panels into two axes;

Fig. 7 shows a set of five aligned support constructions in a cross-sectional plan view.

Detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the invention

Referring to figs. 1-3, a support construction 1 for photovoltaic panels with two rotation axes in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises an underframe 2, a mast 3 rotating around its vertical axis X, mounted to the underframe 2, and a frame 4 mounted pivotably to the mast 3 for holding one or more photovoltaic panel (not shown). The rotation of mast 3 around its vertical axis X enables a movement of the photovoltaic panels on the first axis. Frame 4 mounted to the mast 3 pivots around horizontal axis Y. This enables the movement of the photovoltaic panels on the second axis. In the depicted embodiment the rotation around axis X provides a movement of photovoltaic panels in the direction east- west, whereas the rotation around axis Y provides a movement in the direction north-south.

The underframe 2 consists of a sleeve 5 vertically fixed to a flat plate 6. Plate 6 is arranged for attaching support construction 1 to a foundation (not shown). The underframe 2 can be attached to the foundation by any conventional means, for example by a bolted connection. Sleeve 5 is attached to plate 6 with three supports 7, in such a way that sleeve 5 is elevated so that it does not directly contact plate 6. In this manner, there is open space at the bottom of the underframe 2 with through-out openings 8. As is shown in fig. 4 the mast 3 is attached to the underframe 2 by means of a tapered roller bearing 9, a sliding sleeve 10, and a snap ring 11. The end of mast 3 is inserted into sleeve 5 of the underframe 2. Tapered roller bearing 9 is embedded at the top of the underframe 2. It allows for rotation of the mast in the vertical axis X. By using the tapered roller bearing there the backlashes in the connection between the underframe 2 and mast 3 are eliminated. Between the end of mast 3 and the inner surface of sleeve 5 is situated sliding sleeve 10. Thanks to the end of the mast inserted into sleeve 5 the connection between mast 3 and underframe 2 is more resilient to the forces perpendicular to the vertical axis X, e.g. those resulting from the wind. The snap ring 11 located at the bottom of mast 3 protects the connection between mast 3 and underframe 2 from the movement in the vertical axis X. In the preferred embodiment, a snap ring 11 is the Seger ring.

In order to rotate mast 3 with frame 4 on the vertical axis, support construction 1 comprises a mechanism for rotating the mast. As shown in Fig. 5, in accordance with the invention, the mechanism for rotating mast 2 is a worm gear 12 with a worm 13 attached to the underframe 2 and a gear 14 mounted around mast 3. The worm 13 is embedded in a supporting plate 15 fixed to the underframe 2 with the use of two bearings 16a, 16b in the housing attached to the supporting plate 15 by means of the bolt connection. In that way, worm 13 can be easily removed from worm gear 12. The worm 13 is mounted on a shaft 17 with grooves intended for keyway connection. Shaft 17 can be connected to a motor (not shown) or to shaft 17 of another support construction 1.

Gear 14 is detachably mounted around mast 3. The mast 3 has a flange 18 to which the gear is fixed with the use of bolts. In order to assemble the gear 14 around the mast 3, it has an inner opening 19 with a diameter equal to the outer diameter of the mast and a notch 20 connecting the inner opening 19 with an outer edge of the gear, with a width equal the outer diameter of the mast 3. In the start position of support construction, 1 notch 20 is situated opposite the worm 13, behind mast 3. The inner opening with the notch 20 allows assembling the gear 14 around the mast 3 without decoupling main elements of the support construction 1 such as underframe 2 or frame 4. In order to fix the gear 14 to the mast 3 one needs to insert the gear until the inner opening 19 will be coaxial with the mast 3. Then one needs to screw on the gear 14 to the flange 18. The same is with the removal the gear 14. One needs only slide out the gear 14 in order to remove it from the worm gear 12. This feature of the invention allows keeping costs of services of the mechanism for rotating the mast in the vertical axis X low, due to no need to use heavy equipment such as cranes. It is important, especially when dealing with PV farms where there are dozens or hundreds of supporting constructions. Due to the notch 20 in the gear 14, the mast 3 cannot rotate 360°. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, a maximum rotation angle is 270°. This angle of rotation allows the photovoltaic panels to follow the sun in a horizontal direction during the whole day in most areas of the globe.

Further, referring back to Fig. 1-3 the support construction 1 contains a horizontal beam 21 mounted at the top of the mast 3. Beam 21 is aligned with the horizontal pivot axis Y. In the preferred embodiment, beam 21 has a length equal to around half of the length of frame 4. The beam 21 in its middle is attached at the top of mast 3. The ends of beam 21 are supported by two brackets 22a, 22b, which are attached to mast 3. The connection between ends of beam 21 and brackets 22a, 22b, as well as between mast 3 and brackets 22a, 22b is detachable, realized by means of pin joints.

In accordance to the preferred embodiment, frame 4 is pivotably mounted to beam 21 by means of three pin joints 23. Two pin joints 23 are situated at the ends of beam 21, whereas the third pin joint 23 is in the middle of beam 21. This middle pin joint 23 is fixed directly to the top of mast 3, with the use of a flange joint. The support of that pin joint 23 comprises a trough-out opening arranged for receiving beam 21. Beam 21 passes through the opening, and as a result, it is attached to the top of the mast 3. Three pin joints 23 provide a firm connection between mast 3 and frame 4. Thanks to that the support construction 1 is resilient to harsh weather conditions, such as wind.

Support construction 1 according to the invention comprises a mechanism for pivoting the frame around a horizontal axis Y. The mechanism for pivoting the frame around a horizontal axis Y, as shown in fig 1-3 comprises two tension springs 24a, 24b. One end of each spring is attached to the underside of frame 4. The second end of each tension spring 24a, 24b is attached to the mast 3. The length of the tension springs 24a, 24b is arranged so that frame 4 with photovoltaic panels is in the horizontal position when the springs are at their maximum stretch. In accordance with the invention, frame 4 in the horizontal position is a start position for support construction 1. In the preferred embodiment of the invention tension springs 24a, 24b are attached to the frame in the middle between its end and the axis Y. The tension springs 24a, 24b are arranged in a V shape in the front view. That means that ends of the springs attached to mast 3 are close to each other, whereas the opposite ends, attached to the frame are estranged from each other.

This mechanism, as is shown in fig. 1, contains also one cable 25 with one end attached to the underside of frame 4, at the second side of horizontal axis Y opposite to the side of which the tension springs 24a, 24b are attached. The second end of cable 25 is connected to a pulling mechanism. In the preferred embodiment cable, 25 is attached to frame 4 closer to its end than to its middle. Term middle of the frame should be understood as a point lying exactly between its ends, looking from the side view. In the preferred embodiment the middle of the frame is also a point in which the frame 4 connects with the mast 3 via pin joints 23, and which is a pivot point around axis Y. It is obvious for a person skilled in the art that in other possible embodiments frame 4 can connect with mast 3 in a point that is not the exact middle of the frame so that the pivot point is not in the middle of frame 4. However, the first-mentioned embodiment is the preferred one because it allows to balance the frame 4 easily. The end of cable 25 can also be attached to frame 4 closer to its middle. This solution, however, is not the preferred one, because it requires more force to pull down the frame 4, than when cable 25 is attached close to the end of frame 4.

The tension springs 24a, 24b are configured to pull down frame 4 from the start position. When cable 25 is released and is not blocked to keep frame 4 in a fixed position at the start position or other desired angle, the stretched tension springs 24a, 24b pull down the side of frame 4. The part of frame 4 to which cable 25 is attached goes up. The pin joints 18 keep frame 4. Due to force pulling down the frame pivots around the pins of the pin joints. These three pins arranged in line constitute the horizontal axis Y.

When frame 4 is pulled down by cable 25, and pivots around the axis Y, the side of the frame 4 to which the tension springs 24a, 24b are attached goes up. This results in the tension springs 24a, 24b stretching again, and accumulating energy for pulling down the frame.

In accordance with the invention, one needs to provide only one external force to pivot the frame around axis Y. That is a pulling force generated by the pulling mechanism. It pivots the frame in one direction. The pivot in the opposite direction is ensured by the energy accumulated in the tension springs. This results in the mechanism pivoting the photovoltaic panels around horizontal that is simple, robust, and has low operating and maintenance costs. The tension springs 24a, 24b are detachably attached to the underside of frame 4 and mast 3. Also, cable 25 is detachably attached to frame 4. Thanks to that these elements of the mechanism pivoting the frame around the horizontal axis Y can be easily replaced.

As is shown in Fig. 1 support construction 1 comprises hydraulic damper 26, with one end attached to the underside of frame 4 and the second end attached to the horizontal support 27, which is fixed to mast 3. The hydraulic damper 26 is mounted at the same side of frame 4 as cable 25. It allows for buffering a movement of frame 4 around the axis Y. Thanks to the damper the jerks are eliminated and pivots of the frame around the axis Y are more smooth.

In accordance with the invention, support construction 1 comprises three rollers 28a, 28b, 28c for guiding cable 25 to the pulling mechanism. The roller 28a is attached to the support 27. It guides cable 25 from frame 4 to mast 3. The second roller 28b is embedded inside mast 3, at the opening in the wall of the mast. The opening allows for guiding cable 25 to the bottom of underframe 2 inside the mast 3. The roller 28b changes the position of cable 25 to the vertical and guides it to the third roller 28c which is attached in the open space at the bottom of the underframe 2 between the sleeve 5 and the plate 6. The roller 28c is responsible for changing the position of cable 25 from the vertical position to the horizontal one and a direction from essentially perpendicular to the horizontal axis Y to a direction parallel with the axis Y. The end of cable 25 guided by the roller 28c exits through the through-out opening 8 in the underframe 2. Cable 25 guided in that way is connected to the pulling mechanism arranged for pulling it down.

An assembly for rotating photovoltaic panels into two axes in a preferred embodiment has been illustrated in fig. 6 and fig. 7. In accordance with the invention, an exemplary assembly for rotating photovoltaic panels consists of five support structures 1 arranged in a line that is coaxial with axes Y. The support structures 1 are arranged so that each one can rotate in two axes without shading one another. The assembly comprises a pulling mechanism arranged for pulling cables 25 of mechanisms for pivoting the frames 4. The pulling mechanism consists of a cord 29 and an actuator (not shown) to which one end of the cord is attached. According to the invention, cord 29 passes through a through-out opening 8 in the underframe 2 of every support structure 1 of the assembly. The end of cable 25 is attached to cord 29. When the actuator pulls cord 29, all cables 25 are pulled at the same time causing the frames 4 pivot around axes Y. When the actuator does not pull or hold the cord 29, the force generated by the tension springs 24a, 24b in the support structures 1 pulls down the second side of frames causing them to pivot around axes Y in the opposite direction. The frames pulls back cables 25 which in turn pulls cord 29. This mechanism provides a rotation of photovoltaic panels in horizontal axes Y. A rotation in vertical axis X in each support structure 1 of the assembly is ensured by worm gears 12 in which worms 13 are connected to each other by means of Cardan shafts 30. This type of connection for providing torque to the worms enables locating a set of support constructions on an uneven surface. The support constructions do not need to be set exactly in line and at the same level. They can be mounted on terrain that does not need to be flat and even. Thanks to that more areas can be used for setting up solar plants. Secondly, the costs of construction of that solar plant will be lower, due to no need for leveling the terrain. The Cardan shafts 30 are connected to the shafts 17 with embedded worms 13 with the use of key way connections.

In accordance with the preferred embodiment, one support construction 1 of the assembly comprises a motor (not shown) arranged to rotate the shaft 17 with embedded worm 13.

Next, this shaft connected by means of Cardan shafts 30 with further shafts 17 provides a torque to the worm gears 12 in subsequent support constructions 1.

Claims

Claims A support construction for photovoltaic panels with two rotation axes comprising: an underframe (2), a mast (3) rotating around its vertical axis X, mounted to the underframe (2), wherein the mast (3) comprises a mechanism for rotating it around vertical axis X, a frame (4) mounted pivotably to the mast (3) for holding at least one photovoltaic panel, wherein the support construction (1) comprises a mechanism for pivoting the frame around a horizontal axis Y, characterized in that the mechanism for pivoting the frame around the horizontal axis Y comprises at least one tension spring (24a), (24b), with one end attached to the frame (4) at one side of horizontal axis Y, and a second end attached to the mast (3), configured to pull down the frame (4) so that it pivots around axis Y, and at least one cable (25) with one end attached to the frame (4) at the second side of horizontal axis Y, opposite to the first one, and the second end connected with a pulling mechanism, configured to pull down the frame (4) so that it pivots around axis Y in opposite direction, wherein the mechanism for rotating the mast is a worm gear (12) with a worm (13) embedded in a supporting plate (15) fixed to the underframe (2) and a gear (14) mounted detachably around the mast (3). The support construction for photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, wherein the gear (14) has an inner opening (19) with a diameter equal to or greater than the outer diameter of the mast (3) and a notch (20) connecting the inner opening (19) with an outer edge of the gear (14), with a width equal or greater than the outer diameter of the mast (3). The support construction for photovoltaic panels according to claims 1 or 2, wherein the cable (25) is guided from the frame (4) to a bottom of the underframe (2) where it connects with the pulling mechanism, wherein a lower part of the cable (25) is guided inside the mast (3). The support construction for photovoltaic panels according to claim 3, wherein it comprises three rollers (28a), (28b), (28c) for guiding the cable (25), wherein one roller (28c) mounted at the bottom of the underframe is arranged to change a position of the cable (25) from essentially a vertical position to a horizontal position and a direction from essentially perpendicular to the horizontal axis Y to a direction parallel with the axis Y. The support construction for photovoltaic panels according to any preceding claim, wherein it comprises a horizontal beam (21) mounted at the top of the mast (3) parallel to the axis Y, wherein the beam (21) is supported by two brackets (22a), (22b) attached to the mast (3). The support construction for photovoltaic panels according to claim 5, wherein the frame (4) is pivotably mounted to the beam (21) by means of three pin joints (23). The support construction for photovoltaic panels according to any preceding claim, wherein comprises a hydraulic damper (26) arranged for buffering a movement of the frame (4) around the axis Y. The support construction for photovoltaic panels according to claim 7, wherein the hydraulic damper (26) connects the frame (4) with the support (27) attached to the mast (3), wherein the hydraulic damper (26) is situated at the same side of the frame as the cable (25). The support construction for photovoltaic panels according to any preceding claim, wherein the mast (3) is attached to the underframe (2) by means of a tapered roller bearing (9), a sliding sleeve (10), and a snap ring (11). The support construction for photovoltaic panels according to any preceding claim, wherein the underframe (2) has at least one through-out opening (8) adapted to allow a cord (29) of the pulling mechanism to pass through. An assembly for rotating photovoltaic panels into two axes comprising at least two support construction according to any of claims 1-10, wherein a pulling mechanism arranged for pulling a cable (25) of mechanisms for pivoting a frame (4) contains a cord (29) to which each cable (25) is attached, wherein the cord (29) is connected to an actuator, whereas worms (13) of worm gears (12) are connected to each other by means of Cardan shafts (30). The assembly for rotating photovoltaic panels according to claim 11, wherein at least one support construction (1) contains a motor arranged to rotate a shaft (17) with the embedded worm (13). The assembly for rotating photovoltaic panels according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the cord (29) passes through a through-out opening (8) in an underframe (2) of at least one support construction (1). The assembly for rotating photovoltaic panels according to claim 11 or 12 or 13, wherein the support constructions (1) are arranged in a line.