WO2023242562A1 - Turbine - Google Patents

Turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023242562A1
WO2023242562A1 PCT/GB2023/051545 GB2023051545W WO2023242562A1 WO 2023242562 A1 WO2023242562 A1 WO 2023242562A1 GB 2023051545 W GB2023051545 W GB 2023051545W WO 2023242562 A1 WO2023242562 A1 WO 2023242562A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
turbine
blade
axis
blades
extension
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2023/051545
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kenneth MORROW
Original Assignee
Hydrowheel Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hydrowheel Ltd filed Critical Hydrowheel Ltd
Publication of WO2023242562A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023242562A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/005—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  the axis being vertical
    • F03D3/009—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  the axis being vertical of the drag type, e.g. Savonius
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/26—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy
    • F03B13/264—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy using the horizontal flow of water resulting from tide movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/062—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction
    • F03B17/065—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction the flow engaging parts having a cyclic movement relative to the rotor during its rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06—Rotors
    • F03D3/061—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape, e.g. aerofoil profiles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2210/00—Working fluid
    • F05B2210/16—Air or water being indistinctly used as working fluid, i.e. the machine can work equally with air or water without any modification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
    • F05B2240/211—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis
    • F05B2240/213—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis of the Savonius type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F05B2240/31—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor of changeable form or shape
    • F05B2240/311—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor of changeable form or shape flexible or elastic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a turbine and in particular to a vertical axis turbine suitable for use in the generation of electricity from the flow of a fluid past the turbine blades such as occurs when sea and river water surges during the rise and fall of tides.
  • Horizontal axis turbines have one or more blades attached to a central rotor whose axis is horizontal and aligned with the direction of the fluid. Drag and lift forces on the blades, usually dominated by the latter, produce motion perpendicular to the direction of the fluid, resulting in rotation. The speed at the tips of the blades usually exceeds the speed of the fluid, typically by a factor of about six.
  • the second main type of turbine has a vertical axis with blades arranged around the axis in an asymmetrical manner. Drag and lift forces on the blades produce rotation in a preferred direction about the vertical axis. Most vertical axis turbines produce rotation regardless of the fluid direction and are therefore advantageous when the fluid direction shifts frequently or is turbulent. A vertical axis is convenient because the electrical generator or other equipment using the rotational energy can easily be located at ground level, or at least below the blades. The disadvantage of most vertical axis wind turbines is that the blades gain energy on the downwind half of their rotation but lose it on the upwind half. This can result in low efficiency of extraction of the energy of the wind in the area swept by the blades. This inefficiency is the primary reason why horizontal axis turbines are favoured at present despite their drawbacks.
  • a feature of many vertical axis turbines which is both advantageous and disadvantageous is that they rotate slowly, with the blades moving at a speed no higher than the fluid speed. Thus they are safe and produce modest noise and vibration. As they do not experience high blade rotation speeds which can cause damage in horizontal axis wind turbines, the structures themselves need not be constructed to withstand excessive speed and vibration and they can continue to generate electricity when the wind speed is high. This feature is particularly valuable given that the energy in the wind is proportional to the cube of wind speed.
  • Tidal power may be generated by tidal barrages which exploit the potential energy in the difference in height between high and low tides.
  • tidal barrages exploit the potential energy in the difference in height between high and low tides.
  • a turbine comprising at least two blades and a turbine axis of rotation, wherein: each blade extending radially outwards from the turbine axis of rotation, wherein the blade comprises a first end at the axis of rotation a second end remote from the first end and a central recessed portion which is offset from the first end and second end; and a blade extension, attached to a surface of blade along at least part of its length, the blade extension being shaped to extend in a direction substantially parallel to the blade axis, wherein, the blade is moving with the direction of fluid motion and the blade extension is retracted to substantially within the profile of the blade when the blade is moving against the direction of fluid motion.
  • the blade extension is biased to extend when the blade is moving about the axis with the direction of fluid flow and biased to retract when the blade is moving about the axis against the direction of fluid flow.
  • the turbine blade is made from a thin flexible material.
  • the turbine blade is made from a fabric.
  • the turbine blade comprises one or more internal pocket.
  • the internal pocket is sealable.
  • the internal pocket is adapted to receive a filler material.
  • the filler material controls the buoyancy of the device.
  • the filler material is water.
  • the filler material is air.
  • the filler material is water and air.
  • the filler material is ballast.
  • the amount and composition of the filler may be altered to vary the buoyancy of the device.
  • the turbine comprises two blades.
  • the turbine comprises three or more blades.
  • the turbine blade is shaped as a Savonius turbine blade.
  • the blade extension acts to increase the surface area of the turbine blade when the blade is with the direction of fluid motion to increase the force exerted on the blade by the fluid.
  • the blade extension is made from a thin flexible material.
  • the turbine further comprises a power take-off device.
  • the power take-off device comprises an electrical generator.
  • the fluid is water.
  • the fluid is tidal sea water.
  • the blade comprises two straight pieces supported by an angle.
  • the angle is less than 180 degrees and more than 90 degrees.
  • figure 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of a turbine in accordance with the present disclosure
  • figure 2 is a perspective view of the embodiment shown in figure 1
  • figure 3 is a side view of the embodiment shown in figure 1
  • figure 4 is a perspective view of the embodiment shown in figure 1
  • figure 5 is another perspective view of the embodiment shown in figure 1
  • figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present disclosure
  • figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the present disclosure
  • figure 8 is a front view of an embodiment of the present disclosure, in use
  • figure 9 is a front view of an embodiment of the present disclosure, in use
  • figure 10 is a side view of an embodiment of the present disclosure, in use
  • the turbine as exemplified herein is of particular utility when the fluid is water and the flow of water is tidal.
  • tidal water flow is predictable and in one direction when the tide is coming in and in the opposite direction when the tide is going out.
  • the turbine blades and/or blade extensions may be formed from a fluid- impermeable material.
  • the fluid-impermeable material may comprise a plastics material.
  • the plastics material may be flexible polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
  • the fluid-impermeable material may be polyurethane coated fabric.
  • More than one tether may be used for individual turbines and the turbine may be tethered to a buoy on the surface instead, or in addition.
  • a generator is attached to the turbine and held steady by the tether so that rotation of the turbine generates electricity.
  • the turbine blades contain pockets which may be filled with air and/or water.
  • the ratio of air to water within the structure can be altered to attain the desired level of buoyancy. This mix can be changed to increase buoyancy and raise the turbine to the surface for repairs or the buoyancy can be reduced to lower its place in the current flow.
  • a number of turbines may be stacked on top of each other on the same tether to generate more power.
  • the turbines may be placed in arrays to generate more power.
  • Figures 1 to 5 described below illustrate a first embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 1 is a plan view, figure 2 a perspective view, figure 3 a side, figure 4 a perspective view and figure 5 another perspective view.
  • Figures 1 to 5 show a turbine 1 which comprises a first blade 3 and a second blade 5.
  • the blades 3, 5 are attached to a blade axis of rotation 11 at a first end 13 and are shaped such that the central portion 17 is recessed with respect to the first end and the second, free end of the blade 15.
  • the blade has the well-known shape of a Savonius turbine.
  • the blade extensions 7 and 9 are attached to a top surface of the blades 3 and 5 respectively.
  • the blade extensions 27 and 29 are shaped and coupled to the blades in order to bias the blade extension to extend and open when the blade is moving about the axis 31 with the direction of tidal water flow and biased to retract or close when the blade is moving about the axis 31 against the direction of tidal water flow.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 7 shows a turbine 41 which comprises a first blade 43, a second blade 45 and a third blade 53.
  • the blades 43, 45, 53 are attached to the blade axis of rotation 55 at a first end 57 and are shaped such that the central portion 60 is recessed with respect to the first end 57 and the second, free end of the blade 59.
  • each blade comprises two straight pieces supported by an angle of around 160 degrees.
  • the blade extensions 49, 51 and 53 are attached to a top surface of the blades 43, 45 and 47 respectively.
  • the blade extensions 49, 51 and 53 are shaped and coupled to the blades in order to bias the blade extension to extend and open when the blade is moving about the axis 55 with the direction of tidal water flow and biased to retract or close when the blade is moving about the axis 55 against the direction of tidal water flow.
  • Figure 8 is a front view of an embodiment of the present disclosure, in use. It shows a turbine 61 which comprises a first blade 63 and a second blade 65. The blades are attached to the shaft 71 which is the blade axis of rotation. As with other embodiments, the blade is shaped such that the central portion is recessed with respect to the first end and the second, free end of the blade, this feature nor being shown in this view.
  • the blade extensions 67 and 69 are shown such that blade extension 67 is extended because it is moving about the axis shaft 71 in the clockwise direction 73 with the direction of tidal water flow. Blade extension 69 is retracted because it is moving about the axis shaft 71 in the clockwise direction 73 against the direction of tidal water flow.
  • Figure 9 is a front view of an embodiment of the present disclosure, in use.
  • the embodiment of figure 9 is similar to that of figure 8, except that the turbine blades 63, 65 and respective extensions 67, 69 are rotating anticlockwise 75 about the shaft 71 .
  • the blade extensions 67 and 69 are shown such that blade extension 69 is extended because it is moving about the axis shaft 71 in the anticlockwise direction 75 with the direction of tidal water flow.
  • Blade extension 67 is retracted because it is moving about the axis shaft 71 in the anticlockwise direction 75 against the direction of tidal water flow.
  • Figure 10 is a side view of an embodiment of the present disclosure, in use. It shows a turbine 81 , with a first blade 83, a second blade 85, blade extensions 87, 89 a shaft 91 and pockets 95. In addition, the tidal flow direction 93 is shown. Blade extension 87 is extended because it is moving about the axis shaft 91 in the direction of tidal water flow. Blade extension 89 is retracted because it is moving about the axis shaft 91 against the direction of tidal water flow.
  • the embodiments shown are connectable to a power take-off mechanism, typically a generator which converts the rotation of the shaft into electrical energy.
  • a power take-off mechanism typically a generator which converts the rotation of the shaft into electrical energy.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Oceanography (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention une turbine, destinée en particulier à être utilisée avec un écoulement d'eau marémotrice. La turbine comporte au moins deux aubes et un axe de rotation de turbine. Chaque aube s'étend radialement vers l'extérieur à partir de l'axe de rotation de turbine, et présente une première extrémité au niveau de l'axe de rotation d'une seconde extrémité éloignée de la première extrémité et une partie évidée centrale qui est décalée par rapport à la première extrémité et à la seconde extrémité. Une extension d'aube est fixée à une surface d'aube le long d'au moins une partie de sa longueur ; l'extension d'aube est formée pour s'étendre dans une direction sensiblement parallèle à l'axe d'aube ; l'aube se déplace avec le sens de mouvement de fluide et l'extension d'aube est rétractée sensiblement à l'intérieur du profil de l'aube lorsque l'aube se déplace contre la direction de mouvement de fluide.
PCT/GB2023/051545 2022-06-15 2023-06-14 Turbine WO2023242562A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2208777.9 2022-06-15
GB2208777.9A GB2619741A (en) 2022-06-15 2022-06-15 Turbine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023242562A1 true WO2023242562A1 (fr) 2023-12-21

Family

ID=82496491

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2023/051545 WO2023242562A1 (fr) 2022-06-15 2023-06-14 Turbine

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2619741A (fr)
WO (1) WO2023242562A1 (fr)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4681512A (en) * 1986-06-06 1987-07-21 Barnard Maxwell K Self-fairing windmill vane
US5823749A (en) * 1996-11-26 1998-10-20 Green; Robert R. Vertical-axis wind turbine with two-phase sails

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4681512A (en) * 1986-06-06 1987-07-21 Barnard Maxwell K Self-fairing windmill vane
US5823749A (en) * 1996-11-26 1998-10-20 Green; Robert R. Vertical-axis wind turbine with two-phase sails

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB202208777D0 (en) 2022-07-27
GB2619741A (en) 2023-12-20

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