WO2023242127A1

WO2023242127A1 - Clamping device for clamping an interchangeable body in place against a clamping surface, and combination of such a clamping device and an interchangeable body

Info

Publication number: WO2023242127A1
Application number: PCT/EP2023/065668
Authority: WO
Inventors: Martin DIETTERLE
Original assignee: Andreas Maier Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date: 2022-06-14
Filing date: 2023-06-12
Publication date: 2023-12-21
Also published as: DE102022114975A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a clamping device for clamping an interchangeable body (108) in place against a clamping surface (112) of the clamping device (102), comprising a main body (104) and at least one locking device (106) for locking the interchangeable body (108) relative to the clamping surface (112), wherein the locking device (106) comprises a housing (148), a clamping piston (144) guided displaceably in the housing (148), and at least one locking body (146) which is movable by means of the clamping piston (144) from a releasing position, in which the locking body (146) allows the interchangeable body (108) to be moved away from the clamping surface (112), into a locking position, in which the locking body (146) prevents the interchangeable body (108) from being moved away from the clamping surface (112), and wherein the locking device (106) comprises an actuating element (166) which is coupled to the clamping piston (144), <b>characterised in that</b> the clamping piston (144) is able to be moved, by actuation of the actuating element (166), into a clamping position, a transition position and a releasing position, and the locking device (106) comprises a latching device (204) by means of which the clamping piston (144) is able to be latched in the releasing position.

Description

Clamping device for clamping an interchangeable body on a clamping surface and combination of such a tensioning device and an interchangeable body

The present invention relates to a clamping device for clamping an interchangeable body on a clamping surface of the clamping device, the clamping device comprising a base body and at least one locking device for locking the interchangeable body relative to the clamping surface, the locking device comprising a housing, a clamping piston which is displaceably guided in the housing and comprises at least one locking body, which can be moved by means of the clamping piston from a release position in which the locking body allows the interchangeable body to move away from the clamping surface into a locking position in which the locking body prevents the interchangeable body from moving away from the clamping surface, and wherein the Locking device comprises an actuating element that is coupled to the clamping piston.

Such a clamping device is known from DE 10 2016 112 770 Al.

In this known clamping device, the clamping piston of each locking device can be brought by actuating the actuating element from a clamping position in which the clamping piston holds the at least one locking body in its locking position into a release position in which the clamping piston allows a movement of the at least one locking body in its release position.

However, the actuating element must constantly be subjected to an actuating force in order to hold the clamping piston in its release position. When the actuating element is relieved of the actuating force, the clamping piston immediately returns to its clamping position due to the action of an elastic biasing element, in which the interchangeable body can no longer be detached from the clamping surface or the interchangeable body cannot be arranged on the clamping surface.

If the actuating elements of the locking devices are each actuated with an operator's thumb, it is therefore only possible, without special precautions, to simultaneously transfer two locking devices into a release state in which the respective clamping piston is in its release position. If there are more than two locking devices, the use of a special actuating device is required, with the help of which the operator can then bring more than two locking devices into the release state at the same time.

The provision of such actuating devices requires increased material and assembly costs.

The present invention is based on the object of creating a clamping device of the type mentioned at the outset, which makes it possible to arrange an interchangeable body on the clamping surface of the clamping device and/or to release an interchangeable body from the clamping surface of the clamping device without all of the locking devices of the clamping device being activated at the same time an actuation force must be applied.

This object is achieved according to the invention in a clamping device with the features of the preamble of claim 1 in that the clamping piston can be brought into a clamping position, a transition position and a release position by actuating the actuating element and the locking device comprises a locking device by means of which the clamping piston is in the release position can be locked.

Because the clamping piston of each locking device can be locked in its release position, the clamping piston remains in the release position even when there is no longer any actuating force on the actuating element relevant locking device is exercised. In this way, it is possible to transfer the locking devices of the clamping device one after the other from the clamping state to the release state, so that only one actuating element of a single locking device has to be actuated and not several actuating elements of several locking devices at the same time. This makes it possible for a single operator to transfer all locking devices of a clamping device with more than two locking devices one after the other from the clamping state to the release state, without having to involve another operator and without the provision of a special actuating device by means of which the actuating elements of several locking devices can be operated simultaneously is required.

In a special embodiment of the clamping device according to the invention it is provided that the locking device comprises a stationary locking element which is stationary relative to the housing.

Alternatively or in addition to this, it can be provided that the locking device comprises a movable locking element which is rotatable relative to the housing about a longitudinal central axis of the locking device.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the movable locking element can be brought into two or more, particularly preferably four or more, different release locking positions relative to the housing, to which the release position of the clamping piston is assigned.

Alternatively or in addition to this, it can be provided that the movable locking element can be brought into two or more, particularly preferably four or more, different clamping-locking positions relative to the housing, to which the clamping position of the clamping piston is assigned. By rotating the movable locking element about a longitudinal central axis of the locking device, the movable locking element can preferably be brought alternately from a clamping locking position to a release locking position and from a release locking position to a clamping locking position.

This is similar to a ballpoint pen mechanism, in which the ballpoint pen can be brought alternately from a writing locking position, in which the ballpoint pen refill protrudes from the housing of the ballpoint pen, into a resting locking position by a rotational movement of a movable locking element about a longitudinal central axis of the ballpoint pen is, in which the ballpoint pen refill is completely accommodated in the housing of the ballpoint pen, and can be brought from a rest-locking position into a writing-locking position.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the locking device comprises an engagement element with which the movable locking element is at least temporarily engaged and on which the movable locking element slides when the clamping piston is in the transition position.

The interaction of the movable locking element with the engagement element can in particular cause the movable locking element to move along a preferred direction of rotation about the longitudinal central axis of the locking device when the locking device is brought from a clamping state into a (provisional) transitional state or when the locking device is moved from a release state is brought into a (provisional) transition state.

It is preferably provided that the engagement element is displaceable along a longitudinal central axis of the locking device and/or that the engagement element is rotationally fixed relative to the housing.

The movable locking element can be biased against the engagement element by means of an elastic locking element biasing element. Alternatively or in addition to this, it can be provided that the locking device comprises a clamping piston biasing element, which biases the clamping piston against the movable locking element.

The stationary locking element of the locking device can be designed, for example, as a guide bushing.

Such a guide bushing can comprise one or more guide grooves, in each of which a guide bar of the movable locking element is slidably guided.

The movable locking element can be designed, for example, as a locking ring.

Such a locking ring can have one or more guide strips, each of which is slidably guided in a guide groove of the stationary locking element.

The engagement element can be designed, for example, as a toothed ring.

Such a toothed ring can have one or more guide strips, each of which is slidably guided in a guide groove of the stationary locking element.

The movable locking element and the engagement element can each have a toothing, with the toothings being in engagement with one another to different extents in different relative angular positions of the movable locking element relative to the engagement element. By rotating the movable locking element relative to the engagement element about a longitudinal central axis of the locking device, the axial position of the movable locking element can be changed relative to the engagement element along the longitudinal central axis of the locking device. In each case a projection on a guide bar of the movable locking element and a projection on a guide bar of the engagement element can slide against each other in order to thereby cause a rotation of the movable locking element relative to the engagement element about a longitudinal central axis of the locking device. In this case, at least one of the projections on the movable locking element and/or at least one of the projections on the engagement element is preferably designed asymmetrically with respect to a plane running radially to the longitudinal central axis of the locking device and through the center of the respective projection, in order to ensure that in a transition state the Locking device, the movable locking element is rotated along a preferred direction of rotation relative to the engagement element and relative to the stationary locking element about the longitudinal central axis of the locking device.

In a special embodiment of the invention it is provided that the actuating element projects further beyond an end face of the housing when the clamping piston is in the clamping position than when the clamping piston is in the release position or in the transition position.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the actuating element projects further beyond an end face of the housing when the clamping piston is in the release position than when the clamping piston is in the transition position.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the actuating element projects less far beyond an end face of the housing when the clamping piston is in the transition position than when the clamping piston is in the clamping position or in the release position. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the actuating element projects less far beyond an end face of the housing when the clamping piston is in the release position than when the clamping piston is in the clamping position.

Because the clamping position and the release position of the clamping piston are assigned different axial positions of the actuating element with respect to the longitudinal central axis of the locking devices, it can be easily recognized from outside the locking device whether the clamping piston is in the clamping position or in the release position. From this it can be concluded whether the locking device in question is in the clamping state or in the release state.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the clamping piston can be locked in the clamping position by means of the locking device.

Preferably, the clamping piston can be moved alternately from the clamping position to the release position by actuating the actuating element and from the release position to the clamping position by further actuating the actuating element.

It is particularly favorable if the clamping piston can be moved manually and without tools from the clamping position into the transition position by means of the actuating element.

The actuating element can be connected to the clamping piston, for example, by positive connection, by frictional connection (in particular by frictional connection) and/or by material connection.

Alternatively, the coupling of the actuating element to the clamping piston can also be achieved in that the actuating element is formed in one piece with the clamping piston. The actuating element can be actuated directly by an actuating person, for example by applying an actuating force to the actuating element using a finger of the actuating person.

Alternatively or in addition to this, it can also be provided that the actuating element can be actuated indirectly by an actuating person, with the actuating person acting on the actuating element, for example by means of an actuating tool, or that the actuating element is not operated by an actuating person, but by an actuating machine, for example a robot , can be actuated or is actuated.

The clamping surface of the clamping device, on which the interchangeable body can be clamped, can be arranged on the base body of the clamping device.

Alternatively or in addition to this, it can be provided that the clamping surface of the clamping device is arranged on the housing of the at least one locking device.

The clamping device according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in a combination of a clamping device according to the invention and an interchangeable body that can be clamped on the clamping surface.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that at least one actuating element of one of the locking devices of the clamping device in the clamped state of the interchangeable body projects beyond a boundary surface of the interchangeable body facing away from the base body when the associated clamping piston is in the clamping position.

It is preferably provided that the at least one locking body in the locking position, with the interchangeable body clamped, engages behind a pressure surface of the interchangeable body. The interchangeable body can comprise at least one clamping sleeve, with the pressing surface being arranged on the clamping sleeve or on at least one of the several clamping sleeves.

The interchangeable body preferably comprises two or more clamping sleeves, in particular three or more clamping sleeves, particularly preferably four or more clamping sleeves.

Preferably, the number of clamping sleeves that are arranged on the interchangeable body corresponds to the number of locking devices that are arranged on the base body of the clamping device.

Further features and advantages of the invention are the subject of the following description and the graphic representation of exemplary embodiments.

In the drawings show:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a combination of a clamping device, which comprises a base body and several, for example four, locking devices, and an interchangeable body clamped to the base body, with clamping pistons and actuating elements of the locking devices being in a clamping position in which locking body of the respective locking device are held in a locking position by the respective clamping piston, in which the locking bodies prevent the interchangeable body from moving away from the base body; Fig. 2 is a perspective view corresponding to Fig. 1 of the combination of the clamping device and the interchangeable body, the clamping pistons and the actuating elements of the locking devices being moved from the clamping position shown in Fig. 1 via a transition position (not shown) into a release position by actuating the actuating elements have been brought, in which the locking bodies of the locking devices enable the interchangeable body to move away from the base body;

3 shows a perspective view corresponding to FIGS. 1 and 2 of the combination of the clamping device and the interchangeable body, the interchangeable body having been lifted off the base body with the clamping pistons of the locking devices in the release position;

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a locking device for clamping an interchangeable body on a base body of a clamping arrangement, the locking device comprising a housing, a clamping piston which is displaceably guided in the housing and a plurality of locking bodies, which are released by means of the clamping piston from a release position in which the locking bodies are inserted Moving the clamping sleeve away from the base body can be moved into a locking position in which the locking bodies prevent the clamping sleeve from moving away from the base body, wherein the locking device comprises an actuating element which is coupled to the clamping piston, the clamping piston being activated by actuating the actuating element in a clamping position, a transition position and a release position can be brought and wherein the locking device comprises a locking device by means of which the clamping piston can be locked in the release position; Fig. 5 is a side view of the locking device from Fig. 4, looking in the direction radially to a longitudinal central axis of the locking device;

6 shows a longitudinal section through the locking device from FIGS. 4 and 5, along the longitudinal central axis of the locking device;

7 is an exploded view of the locking device from FIGS. 4 to 6, looking at an upper end face of the locking device;

8 is an exploded view of the locking device from FIGS. 4 to 7, looking at a lower end face of the locking device;

9 shows a longitudinal section through the locking device from FIGS. 4 to 8, which is inserted into a receiving opening in the base body of the clamping device, in a clamping state of the locking device;

10 shows a longitudinal section corresponding to FIG. 9 through the locking device, wherein the locking device has been transferred to a transition state by actuating the actuating element;

11 shows a section corresponding to FIGS. 9 and 10 through the locking device and an interchangeable body which comprises a clamping sleeve, the locking device being in a release state in which the clamping piston of the locking device is locked in the release position by means of the locking device of the locking device; 12 shows a section corresponding to FIG. 11 through the locking device, the base body and the interchangeable body placed on the base body, the locking device still being in the release state;

13 shows a section corresponding to FIG. 12 through the locking device, the base body and the interchangeable body, the locking device having been transferred to the transition state by actuating the actuating element;

14 shows a section corresponding to FIG. 13 through the locking device, the base body and the interchangeable body, the locking device being in the clamping state;

15 shows a cross section through the clamping piston and the locking device of the locking device from FIGS. 4 to 8 in the clamping state of the locking device;

16 shows a side view of the tensioning piston and the locking device of the locking device in the clamping state of the locking device;

17 shows a longitudinal section through the tensioning piston and the locking device of the locking device in the clamping state of the locking device;

18 is a perspective view of the clamping piston and the locking device of the locking device in the clamping state of the locking device, looking towards an end of the clamping piston facing away from the actuating element; 19 is a perspective view of the clamping piston and the locking device of the locking device in the clamping state of the locking device, with a view of an actuating surface of the actuating element;

20 shows a cross section through the tensioning piston and the locking device of the locking device from FIGS. 4 to 8 in a preliminary transitional state of the locking device before a movable locking element of the locking device has slipped on an engagement element of the locking device;

21 shows a side view of the tensioning piston and the locking device of the locking device in the preliminary transition state of the locking device, before a movable locking element of the locking device has slipped on an engagement element of the locking device;

22 shows a longitudinal section through the tensioning piston and the locking device of the locking device in the preliminary transition state of the locking device, before a movable locking element of the locking device has slipped on an engagement element of the locking device;

23 is a perspective view of the tensioning piston and the locking device of the locking device in the preliminary transitional state of the locking device before a movable locking element of the locking device has slipped on an engagement element of the locking device, looking towards an end of the clamping piston facing away from the actuating element; 24 shows a perspective view of the tensioning piston and the locking device of the locking device in the preliminary transition state of the locking device, before a movable locking element of the locking device has slipped on an engagement element of the locking device, with a view of an actuating surface of the actuating element;

25 shows a cross section through the tensioning piston and the locking device of the locking device from FIGS. 4 to 8 in a final transition state of the locking device after the movable locking element has slipped on the engagement element of the locking device;

26 is a side view of the tensioning piston and the locking device of the locking device in the final transition state of the locking device after the movable locking element has slipped on the engagement element of the locking device;

27 shows a longitudinal section through the tensioning piston and the locking device of the locking device in the final transition state of the locking device after the movable locking element has slipped on the engagement element of the locking device;

28 is a perspective view of the clamping piston and the locking device of the locking device in the final transition state of the locking device after the movable locking element has slipped on the engagement element of the locking device, looking towards an end of the clamping piston facing away from the actuating element; 29 is a perspective view of the tensioning piston and the locking device of the locking device in the final transition state of the locking device after the movable locking element has slipped on the engagement element of the locking device, with a view of an actuating surface of the actuating element;

30 shows a cross section through the tensioning piston and the locking device of the locking device from FIGS. 4 to 8 in the release state of the locking device;

31 is a side view of the tensioning piston and the locking device of the locking device in the release state of the locking device;

32 shows a longitudinal section through the tensioning piston and the locking device of the locking device in the release state of the locking device;

33 is a perspective view of the clamping piston and the locking device of the locking device in the release state of the locking device, looking towards an end of the clamping piston facing away from the actuating element;

34 is a perspective view of the tensioning piston and the locking device of the locking device in the release state of the locking device, with a view of an actuating surface of the actuating element; 35 shows a section through the locking device corresponding to FIG the release position is locked;

36 shows a section corresponding to FIG. 14 through the locking device, the base body and the second embodiment of the interchangeable body, the locking device being in the clamping state;

37 shows a section corresponding to FIG. 14 through a second embodiment of the locking device, the base body and the interchangeable body, the actuating element of the locking device being formed in one piece with the clamping piston of the locking device and the locking device being in the clamping state;

38 shows a section corresponding to FIG is in the clamping state; and 39 shows a section corresponding to FIG is in the clamping state.

Functionally equivalent elements are designated with the same reference numerals in all figures.

1 to 34 is a combination, designated as a whole by 100, of a clamping device 102, which comprises a base body 104 and several, for example four, locking devices 106 held on the base body 104, and an interchangeable body 108 clamped on the base body 104, which for each locking device 106, a clamping sleeve 110 assigned to the respective locking device 106 is shown.

As can best be seen from FIG. 14, the base body 104 of the clamping device has a, preferably essentially flat, boundary surface 111. In this embodiment, the boundary surface 111 forms a clamping surface 112, against which the interchangeable body 108 rests in the clamped state, preferably essentially flat, with a contact surface 114.

Furthermore, the interchangeable body 108 has a boundary surface 116 which is opposite the contact surface 114 and is preferably aligned essentially parallel to the contact surface 114.

Otherwise, the shape of the interchangeable body 108 is arbitrary; The interchangeable body 108 can be designed, for example, as a substantially cuboid interchangeable plate 118. The shape of the base body 104 is basically arbitrary; The base body 104 can be designed, for example, as a substantially cuboid base plate 120.

The base body 104 can be fixed to a surface (not shown), for example a machine table, in particular releasably fixed.

The interchangeable body 108 is penetrated transversely, preferably substantially perpendicularly, to the contact surface 114 by one or more, for example four, receiving bores 122.

Each receiving bore 122 comprises a threaded section 124 which is provided with an internal thread, a section 126 on the base body side which widens from the threaded section 124 towards the support surface 114 and a section 128 facing away from the base body which widens from the threaded section 124 towards the boundary surface 116.

A clamping sleeve 110 is inserted into each receiving hole 122, preferably in such a way that an external thread 130 of the clamping sleeve 110 is in engagement with the internal thread of the threaded section 124 of the receiving hole 122 and an annular collar 132 of the clamping sleeve 110 is in the base body-side section 126 of the receiving hole 122 intervenes, with an end face 134 of the clamping sleeve 110 facing the base body 104 in the clamped state of the interchangeable body 108 preferably being essentially flush with the contact surface 114 of the interchangeable body 108.

Each clamping sleeve 110 is essentially hollow cylindrical and encloses an interior 134, which has a smaller diameter section 136 facing the base body 104 in the assembled state of the interchangeable body 108, and a section 136 of smaller diameter in the assembled state of the interchangeable body 108 Section 138 of larger diameter facing away from the base body 104 and a conically widening central section 140 connecting the two sections 136 and 138 to one another.

The middle section 140 of the interior 134 of the clamping sleeve 110 is delimited by a conical pressing surface 142, against which locking bodies 146 of the relevant locking device 106 rest in the clamping position of a clamping piston 144 of the respective associated locking device 106 shown in FIG. 14.

In this clamping position, the clamping sleeve 110 engages behind the locking bodies 146, so that the clamping sleeve 110 cannot be moved past the locking bodies 146 away from the base body 104.

However, in the release position of the clamping piston 144 shown in FIG so that the interchangeable body 108) can be moved away from the base body 104 (and thus from the locking device 106 fixed to the base body 104).

In the embodiment shown in the drawing, the clamping sleeve 110 is fixed to the interchangeable body 108 by positive locking, namely by screwing.

Alternatively or in addition to this, it can be provided that the clamping sleeve 110 is fixed to the interchangeable body 108 by means of a frictional connection, in particular a frictional connection, and/or by a material connection, for example by gluing. One of the locking devices 106, each of which interacts with a clamping sleeve 110 in the clamped state of the interchangeable body 108, is shown individually in FIGS. 4 to 8.

As can best be seen from the sectional view of Fig. 6 and the exploded views of Figs guided in a straight line.

In the interior 150 of the housing 148 there is also a base element 154 arranged, on which an end of an elastic clamping piston biasing element 156 facing away from the clamping piston 144 is supported.

The elastic tensioning piston biasing element 156 can in particular be designed as a spring element 158, for example as a compression coil spring 160.

The base element 144 is retained in the interior 150 of the housing 148 by a retaining element 162, which is arranged in an annular groove 164 on an end region 168 of the housing 148 of the locking device 106 facing away from an actuating element 166 of the locking device 106.

The retaining element 162 protrudes from the annular groove 164 into the interior 150 of the housing 148 and thus forms a stop for the base element 154, which prevents the base element 154 from moving out of the interior 150 of the housing 148.

The retaining element 162 can be designed, for example, as a spring ring 170. A further end of the clamping piston biasing element 156 facing away from the base element 154 is supported on an end wall 172 of a receiving space 174, which is formed in an end region 176 of the clamping piston 144 facing the base element 154.

A further end region 178 of the clamping piston 144 facing away from the base element 154 is provided with a threaded blind hole 180, into which a threaded section 182 of the, for example essentially helical, actuating element 166 of the locking device 106 is screwed.

The actuating element 166 lies with a contact surface 184 of a head 186 of the actuating element 166 facing the clamping piston 144 against the end region 178 of the clamping piston 144, preferably essentially flat.

As a result, the actuating element 166 is positively coupled to the clamping piston 144.

Alternatively or in addition to this, it can also be provided that the actuating element 166 is coupled to the clamping piston 144 in a different way by positive connection, by material connection and/or by frictional connection, in particular by frictional connection.

Furthermore, it can also be provided that the actuating element 166 is formed in one piece with the clamping piston 144.

Due to the restoring force of the elastic tensioning piston pretensioning element 156, which is supported on the one hand on the base element 154 and on the other hand on the tensioning piston 144, the tensioning piston 144 is biased into the tensioning position shown in FIGS. 6 and 14, in which the tensioning piston 144 is with a - For example, essentially conical clamping shoulder 188, the locking body 146 of the locking device 106 in a radial direction Direction away from the longitudinal central axis 152 of the locking device 106 into the locking position shown in FIGS. 6 and 14, in which the locking bodies 146 have their maximum distance from the longitudinal central axis 152 of the locking device 106.

An end region 190 of the housing 148 of the locking device 106 facing the actuating element 166 forms a locking body cage 192 for receiving several, for example four, locking bodies 146 which are spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction of the housing 148 - preferably essentially equidistantly.

The locking bodies 146 are preferably designed as rolling bodies 194, in particular as locking balls 196.

Each of the locking bodies 146 is in engagement with an associated locking body bore 198, which passes through the housing 148 in a substantially radial direction and tapers as the distance from the longitudinal central axis 152 of the locking device 106 increases, so that the locking bodies 146 do not pass through the radially outer end the respective associated locking body bore 198 can move out into the outer space 200 of the locking device 106, but are captively connected to the housing 148 of the locking device 106.

In the clamping position of the clamping piston 144 shown in FIGS Outer wall of the housing 148 protrudes into the outer space 200 of the locking device 106. A tapered section 202 of the clamping piston 144 is arranged between the clamping shoulder 188 and the actuating element 166, which has a smaller diameter than the clamping shoulder 188, so that the locking body 146 is in the release position of the clamping piston 144 shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, in which the tapered section 202 of the tensioning piston 144 is at the level of the locking body 146, can move maximally radially inwards towards the longitudinal central axis 152 of the locking device 106 and in this release position minimally or preferably not at all protrude beyond the outer wall of the housing 148 of the locking device 106 .

In order to be able to lock the clamping piston 144 of the locking device 106 both in the clamping position and in the release position, so that the clamping piston remains in the clamping position or in the release position even if no actuating force is exerted on the actuating element 166 of the locking device 106, this is Locking device 106 is also provided with a locking device 204.

7 and 8, the locking device 204 includes a movable locking element 206, which is rotatable relative to the housing 148 about the longitudinal central axis 152 of the locking device 106, and a stationary locking element 208, which is rotatable relative to the housing 148 is stationary.

The stationary locking element 208 is inserted into the interior 150 of the housing 148 and is designed, for example, as a guide bushing 210, which has several, for example four, guide grooves 212 running in the axial direction and which are arranged on an inside of the guide bushing 210.

The movable locking element 206 is designed, for example, as a locking ring 214, which is provided on its outer circumference with several, for example four, guide strips 216, each of which is inserted into one of the guide grooves 212 the guide bushing 210 can engage and are then guided axially in the relevant guide groove 212 in the direction of the longitudinal central axis 152 of the locking device 106.

At their end facing the stationary locking element 208, these guide strips 216 are each provided with a locking projection 218, which engages with one of several, for example eight, locking recesses 220 which are provided on the edge of the stationary locking element 208 facing the movable locking element 206 can be brought.

Each of the locking recesses 220 has a substantially sawtooth shape and is supported, on the one hand, by an inclined surface 222 which runs obliquely to the longitudinal central axis 152, on which a locking projection 218 of the movable locking element 206 can slide, and on the other hand by a stop surface aligned essentially parallel to the longitudinal central axis 152 224, against which a locking projection 218 abuts when it has reached the end of its sliding movement along the inclined surface 222.

In half of the locking recesses 220 of the stationary locking element 208, a guide groove 212 of the stationary locking element 208 is arranged adjacent to the stop surface 224 of the respective locking recess 220, so that one of the guide strips 216 is positioned along the axial direction of the locking device 106 parallel to the longitudinal central axis 152 of the locking device in this way is aligned with the relevant guide groove 212, so that the guide bar 216 can move into the guide groove 212 when the clamping piston 144 is pressed by the clamping piston biasing element 156 towards the locking body cage 192 of the housing 148 and not by a force exerted on the actuating element 166 Counterforce is held in a position in which the guide strips 216 of the movable locking element 206 do not engage in the guide grooves 212 of the stationary locking element 208. In this angular position of the movable locking element 206 relative to the stationary locking element 208, the clamping piston 144 can thus be moved into its clamping position, in which it presses the locking bodies 146 of the locking device 106 radially outwards, so that the locking bodies 146 form a clamping sleeve 110 of the interchangeable body 108 can be locked on the locking device 106.

Those locking recesses 220 of the stationary locking element 208 in which a guide groove 212 is arranged adjacent to the stop surface 224 are therefore referred to as clamping locking recesses 220a.

In the other half of the locking recesses 220 of the stationary locking element 208, there is no guide groove 212 adjacent to the stop surface 224, so that a guide bar 216 resting on the stop surface 224 with the locking projection 218 abuts the inclined surface 222 of the locking recess 220. The movable locking element 206 can therefore not move into the stationary locking element 208 when the guide strips 216 of the movable locking element 206 engage in such a locking recess 220.

In this case, the clamping piston 144 is prevented by the movable locking element 206 from moving towards the locking body cage 192 into its clamping position. Rather, the clamping piston 144 remains in its release position, in which the tapered section 202 of the clamping piston 144 lies in the area of the locking body cage 192, so that the locking bodies 146 can move radially inwards towards the longitudinal central axis 152 of the locking device 106.

Those locking recesses 220 of the stationary locking element 208 in which no guide groove 212 is arranged adjacent to the stop surface 224 of the locking recess 220 are therefore referred to as release locking recesses 220b. Clamping locking recesses 220a and release locking recesses 220b follow one another alternately along the circumference of the stationary locking element 208.

The number of clamping locking recesses 220a corresponds to the number of guide strips 216 of the movable locking element 206.

The latching device 204 of the locking device 106 further comprises an engagement element 226, which is arranged on the side of the movable latching element 206 facing away from the base element 154 and with which the movable latching element 206 is at least temporarily engaged.

In the embodiment shown in the drawing, the engagement element 226 is designed as a toothed ring 228, which is provided with teeth 230 on its edge facing the movable locking element 206.

The toothing 230 of the toothing ring 228 comprises alternating recesses 232 and projections 234 along the circumference of the engagement element 226, the boundary surfaces of which together form a zigzag-shaped end face 236 of the engagement element 226.

The number of recesses 232 and the number of projections 234 of the toothing 230 of the engagement element 226 each correspond to the number of locking recesses 220 of the stationary locking element 208.

The movable locking element 206 also has a toothing 238 on its edge facing the engagement element 226, which is designed to be complementary to the toothing 230 of the engagement element 226. The toothing 238 of the movable locking element 206 thus also includes recesses 240 and projections 242 which alternately follow each other in the circumferential direction of the movable locking element 206, the boundary surfaces of which together form a zigzag-shaped end face 244 of the movable locking element 206 facing the engagement element 226.

The number of recesses 240 and the number of projections 242 of the teeth 238 of the movable locking element 206 each correspond to the number of locking recesses 220 of the stationary locking element 208.

The engagement element 226 further comprises guide strips 246 arranged equidistantly distributed along its circumference, which each engage in one of the guide grooves 212 of the stationary locking element 208 in order to prevent rotation of the engagement element 226 relative to the stationary locking element 208.

The guide strips 246 of the engagement element 226 are guided on the stationary locking element 208 in a displaceable manner parallel to the longitudinal central axis 152 of the locking device 106.

The number of guide strips 246 of the engagement element 226 corresponds to the number of guide strips 226 of the movable locking element 206 and to the number of guide grooves 212 of the stationary locking element 208.

At their end region facing the movable latching element 206, the guide strips 246 of the engagement element 226 each end at a wedge-shaped projection 248, on which a latching projection 218 of a guide strip 216 of the movable latching element 206 rests - preferably essentially flatly - when the guide strips 246 of the engagement element 226 and the guide strips 216 of the movable locking element 206 are aligned with one another, as shown in particular in FIGS. 21 and 23. The latching device 204 of the locking device 106 further comprises an elastic latching element biasing element 250, by means of which the movable latching element 206 is biased against the engagement element 226.

The latching element biasing element 250 can be designed as a spring element 252, for example as a compression coil spring 254.

The latching element biasing element 250 is preferably supported on the movable latching element 206 with an end region facing the movable latching element 206 and on an annular collar 256 of the clamping piston 144 with an end region facing away from the movable latching element 206.

7, the wedge-shaped projections 248 on the guide strips 246 of the engagement element 226 are essentially mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane running radially to the longitudinal central axis 152 of the locking device 106 through the center of the respective guide strip 246.

The locking projections 218 on the guide strips 216 of the movable locking element 206, on the other hand, are designed asymmetrically with respect to such a plane running radially to the longitudinal central axis 152 of the locking device 106 through the center of the respective guide bar 216 of the movable locking element 206, so that each locking projection 218 of the movable locking element 206 preferably only a wedge surface 258 which is in contact with only one of the two wedge surfaces 260 of a wedge-shaped projection 248 of the engagement element 226 when the respectively assigned guide strips 216 and 246 are aligned with one another.

The result of this is that each locking projection 218 of the movable locking element 206 slides on this one wedge surface 260 of the adjacent wedge-shaped projection 248 of the engagement element 226 when the movable Locking element 206 is pressed against the engagement element 226 by the locking element biasing element 250 and the guide strips 216 are out of engagement with the guide grooves 212 of the stationary locking element 208, so that the movable locking element 206 is relative to the stationary locking element 208 and thus also relative to the engagement element 226 can be rotated about the longitudinal central axis 152 of the locking device 106.

This creates a preferred direction for a rotational movement of the movable latching element 206 relative to the engagement element 226 and relative to the stationary latching element 208, through which the latching projections 218 can each be released from engagement with a latching recess 220 of the stationary latching element 208 and into engagement with the one in the Preferred direction of rotation can be brought into the next locking recess 220, as will be explained in more detail below.

Furthermore, the locking device 204 of the locking device 106 comprises a securing element 262, which engages in an annular groove 264 which is arranged on the outer circumference of the clamping piston 144 and protrudes outwards from this annular groove 264, so that the securing element 262 prevents a displacement of the engagement element 226 and This prevents the entire locking device 204 from passing the securing element 262 in the direction of the locking body cage 192 of the housing 148.

The securing element 262 can be designed, for example, as a spring ring 266.

After the structure of the locking device 106 has been described above, it will now be explained with reference to FIGS which of the clamping piston 144 is in the clamping position, via the transition state shown in FIG. 10, in which the Clamping piston 144 is in a transition position, is transferred to the release state shown in FIG. 11, in which the clamping piston 144 is in its release position and in which the interchangeable body 108 with its clamping sleeve 110 can be placed on the locking device 106. It will also be explained how the interchangeable body 108 can be locked to the base body 104 by means of the locking device 106, in which the locking device 106 is initially in its release position from the release state shown in FIG is transferred to the transition state shown in FIG. 13, in which the clamping piston 144 is in a transition position, and then transferred to the clamping state shown in FIG. 14, in which the clamping piston 144 is in its clamping position.

In the initial state shown in FIG. 9, the locking device 106 is in its clamping state.

In this clamping state of the locking device 106, the clamping piston 144 of the locking device 106 is in its clamping position, in which it protrudes maximally upwards over the housing 148 of the locking device 106.

In this clamping state, the locking bodies 146 of the locking device 106 are pressed radially outwards into their locking position by the clamping shoulder 188 of the clamping piston 144.

The actuating element 166 is not actuated in this state, that is, no force is exerted on the actuating element 166 from outside the locking device 106.

The locking device 204, the tensioning piston 144 and the actuating element

166 of the locking device 106 are shown in different views in this clamping state of the locking device 106 in FIGS. 15 to 19. The movable locking element 206 and the engagement element 226 of the locking device 204 are biased by the locking element biasing element 250 so that the engagement element 226 abuts the securing element 262.

The guide strips 246 of the engagement element 226 and the guide strips 216 of the movable locking element 206 engage in respective associated guide grooves 212 of the stationary locking element 208, so that the engagement element 226 completely and the movable locking element 206 largely into the interior of the stationary locking element 208 (the guide bushing 210). are inserted. Furthermore, the movable locking element 206 and the engagement element 226 are prevented from rotating about the longitudinal central axis 152 of the locking device 106 relative to the stationary locking element 208.

In order to transfer the locking device 106 from this clamping state to the release state, the locking device 106 is first brought into the transition state shown in FIG. 10 by applying an actuating force to the actuating element 166 in the direction of arrow 268 in FIG Actuating element 166 and the clamping piston 144 are pressed against the elastic restoring force of the clamping piston biasing element 156 in the direction of the base element 154 of the locking device 106 into a transition position of the clamping piston 144.

In this transition position, the annular collar 256 of the clamping piston 144 is at a minimum distance from the base element 154.

In the transition position, the actuating element 166 abuts an upper end face 270 of the housing 148 of the locking device 106, so that the actuating element 166 cannot be moved further into the interior 150 of the housing 148. The transition position of the clamping piston 144 is therefore well defined.

When the tensioning piston 144 is brought into its transition position, the locking device 204 of the locking device 106 is initially in the preliminary transition state shown in FIGS have been pushed out of the respectively assigned guide grooves 212 of the stationary locking element 208, but are initially still aligned with one another.

In this preliminary transition state, the toothing 230 of the engagement element 226 and the toothing 238 of the movable locking element 206 are located outside the stationary locking element 208, since the engagement element 226 and thus also the movable locking element 206 are moved by the securing element 262 relative to the stationary locking element 208 in the direction the floor element 154 has been moved.

21, 23 and 24, the toothings 230 and 238 of the engagement element 226 or the movable locking element 206 are rotated relative to one another along the circumferential direction of the engagement element 226 or the movable locking element 206 in such a way that the toothings 230 and 238 of the engagement member 226 and the movable detent member 206 are not fully engaged with each other.

As a result, the distance of the movable locking element 206 from the stationary locking element 208 along the longitudinal central axis 152 of the locking device 106 is greater than would be the case if the teeth 230 and 238 of the engagement element 226 and the movable locking element 206 were completely in engagement with one another. Since the guide strips 216 of the movable latching element 206 have come completely out of engagement with the guide grooves 212 of the stationary latching element 208 in this preliminary transition state, the movable latching element 206 can now move relative to the engagement element 226 and relative to the stationary latching element 208 about the longitudinal central axis 152 turn the locking device 106.

Since the movable locking element 206 is biased against the engagement element 226 by the locking element biasing element 250, each locking projection 218 slides with its wedge surface 258 on one of the wedge surfaces 260 of the wedge-shaped projection 248 of the engagement element 226 and thus slides obliquely into the next locking recess 220 of the stationary locking element 208.

Since in the clamping state of the locking device 106 each guide bar 216 of the movable locking element 206 was in the area of one of the clamping locking recesses 220b of the stationary locking element 208, each guide bar 216 of the movable locking element 206 is now in the area of one of the release locking recesses 220b of the stationary one Locking element 208.

In the embodiment of the locking device 106 shown in the drawing, the locking device 204 is designed such that the movable locking element 206 rotates clockwise relative to the engagement element 226 and relative to the stationary locking element 208 in the transition state of the locking device 106 - viewed from the base element 154.

In this twisted position of the movable locking element 206, the teeth 230 and 238 of the engagement element 226 and the movable locking element 206 are completely in engagement with one another, so that movable locking element 206 has been moved away from the base element 154 along the longitudinal central axis 152 of the locking device 106, as shown in FIGS. 25 to 29, which show the final transition state of the locking device 204.

If the actuating element 166 is now relieved of the actuating force, the clamping piston 144 and the actuating element 166 are moved away from the base element 154 again by the clamping piston biasing element 156.

In this case, each locking projection 218 of the movable locking element 206 is pressed by the locking element biasing element 250 against the inclined surface 222 of the now assigned release locking recess 220b of the stationary locking element 208. The locking projections 218 slide on the respectively assigned inclined surface 222 until the respective guide bar 216 abuts the stop surface 224 of the respectively assigned release locking recess 220b.

Since there is no guide groove 212 of the stationary locking element 208 adjacent to the stop surface 224 of the release locking recess 220b of the stationary locking element 208, the movable locking element 206 can no longer move further along the longitudinal central axis 152 into the stationary locking element 208, but is in the in The locking state of the locking device 204 shown in FIGS. 30 to 34 is locked with the stationary locking element 208.

The clamping piston 144 can therefore no longer move to the clamping position shown in FIG. 9, but only to the release position shown in FIG. 11, in which the tapered section 202 of the clamping piston 144 comes into contact with the locking bodies 146, so that the locking bodies 146 can move into their release position, in which they do not protrude in the radial direction from the housing 148. This release state of the locking device 106 is shown in FIG. 11.

The position of the actuating element 166 in this release state of the locking device 106 lies between the axial position of the actuating element 166 in the clamping state of the locking device 106 shown in FIG. 9 and the axial position of the actuating element 166 in the transitional state of the locking device 106 shown in FIG. 10.

In this release state of the locking device 106, the interchangeable body 108 can be placed with one of its clamping sleeves 110 onto the locking device 106 until the contact surface 114 of the interchangeable body 108 - preferably essentially flat - rests on the clamping surface 112 of the base body 104 of the clamping device 102, as shown in Fig. 12 is shown. The pressing surface 142 of the clamping sleeve 110 can easily be moved past the locking bodies 146 of the locking device 106 since the locking bodies 146 are in their release position.

In order to lock the interchangeable body 108 with the clamping sleeve 110 on the base body 104, the locking device 106 must now be transferred from the release state shown in FIG. 12 to the clamping state shown in FIG. 14.

This is done by first transferring the locking device 106 to the transition state shown in FIG of the clamping piston biasing element 156 moves towards the base element 154.

The guide strips 216 of the movable locking element 206 in turn come out of engagement with the guide grooves 212 of the stationary locking element 208, so that the movable locking element 206 is relative to the Engagement element 226 and relative to the stationary locking element 208 can be rotated about the longitudinal central axis 152 of the locking device 106 (in the embodiment shown in the drawing, with the direction of rotation clockwise, as seen from the base element 154).

The locking projections 218 on the guide strips 216 of the movable locking element 206 each pass from one of the release locking recesses 220b of the stationary locking element 208 into one of the clamping locking recesses 220a of the stationary locking element 208.

When the actuating force acting on the actuating element 166 is subsequently canceled, the guide strips 216 of the movable locking element 206 therefore again reach an associated guide groove 212 of the stationary locking element 208, so that the clamping piston 144 under the action of the preloading force of the clamping piston preloading element 156 in the in Fig. 14 shown clamping position is shifted, in which the clamping shoulder 188 of the clamping piston 144 presses the locking bodies 146 radially outwards into their locking position, in which the locking bodies 146 rest on the pressure surface 142 of the clamping sleeve 110 and engage behind the clamping sleeve 110 in such a way that movement away the clamping sleeve 110 is blocked by the base body 104.

The clamping state of the locking device 106 shown in FIG. 14 is thus achieved, in which the interchangeable body 108 is locked on the base body 104.

The advantage of the locking device 106 described above is, in particular, that the locking device 106 does not have to be kept in the free-holding state by applying an actuating force to the actuating element 166 in order to arrange the interchangeable body 108 on the base body 104 of the clamping device 102 or to remove the interchangeable body 108 from the To solve the base body 104 of the clamping device 102, but rather the clamping piston 144 is locked in its release position by means of the locking device 204 in the release state of the locking device 106 in such a way that it remains in the release position, even without an actuating force being exerted on the actuating element 166 of the locking device 106.

A combination 100 of a clamping device 102, which comprises a base body 104 and a plurality of locking devices 106 of the type described above, four in the exemplary embodiment shown, and an interchangeable body 108, on which several clamping sleeves 110, four in the exemplary embodiment shown, are arranged, is in the 1 to 3 shown.

In Fig. 1, the interchangeable body 108 is clamped to the base body 104 of the tensioning device 102 in a clamping position in which the contact surface 114 of the interchangeable body 108 - preferably flat - rests on the clamping surface 112 of the base body 104 of the clamping device 102.

The clamping pistons 144 of the locking devices 106 extend through the respectively assigned clamping sleeve 110 and are each in their clamping position, in which they are locked by the locking devices 204 of the respective locking device 106. The locking devices 106 are therefore all in their clamping state.

Without actuation of the locking devices 106, the interchangeable body 108 cannot be released from the base body 104 of the clamping device 102.

In order to be able to release the interchangeable body 108 from the base body 104 of the clamping device 102, the locking devices 106 are each transferred from the clamping state shown in FIG. 1 to the release state shown in FIG. 2. This is done by moving the actuating element 166 of the locking device 106 against the end face 270 of the housing 148 of the locking device 106, so that the respective clamping piston 144 is transferred from the clamping position to the transition position. The locking device 106, as described above, first enters the temporary transition state shown in FIGS 260 of the wedge-shaped projections 248 of the guide strips 246 of the engagement elements 226 into the final transition state shown in FIGS. 25 to 29.

By relieving the actuating element 166 of the actuating force, the locking device 106 in question then moves from the final transition state into the release state shown in FIGS. 30 to 34, in which the respective clamping piston 144 is in its release position and the locking bodies 146 are in their release position , in which they no longer prevent the respectively assigned clamping sleeve 110 from moving away from the base body 104 of the clamping device 102.

In principle, all locking devices 106 could be transferred from the clamping state to the release state at the same time.

However, it is preferably provided that the locking devices 106 are actuated one after the other in order to transfer them from the clamping state to the release state. In this way, all locking devices 106 can be transferred one after the other from the clamping state to the release state by the same operator.

Furthermore, it is possible to operate the locking devices 106 in pairs with the two thumbs of an operator. After all locking devices 106 have been transferred to the release state, the interchangeable body 108 can be released and lifted from the base body 104 of the clamping device 102 and pivoted relative to the base body 104, as shown in FIG. 3.

The clamping of the same interchangeable body 108 or another interchangeable body 108 on the base body 104 of the clamping device 102 is carried out by reversing the processes described above.

While all locking devices 106 of the clamping device 102 are in their release state, the interchangeable body 108 is placed on the base body 104 in such a way that the contact surface 114 of the interchangeable body 108 - preferably flat - rests on the clamping surface 112 of the base body 104, with the clamping pistons 144 passing through an associated clamping sleeve 110 extends through the interchangeable body 108.

Then the locking devices 106 of the tensioning device 102 are transferred - preferably one after the other - from the release state to the tensioning state, as described above.

When all locking devices 106 have been transferred to the clamping state, the interchangeable body 108 is clamped to the base body 104 of the clamping device 102 and cannot be released from the base body 104 of the clamping device 102 without intentional actuation of the locking devices 106.

The interchangeable body 108 can serve as a workpiece carrier on which one or more workpieces are fixed in order to process them - for example mechanically - when the interchangeable body 108 is clamped on the clamping device 102. A second embodiment of a combination of a clamping device 102 and an interchangeable body 108, shown in detail in FIGS. 35 and 36, comprises a second embodiment of the interchangeable body 108, in which the interchangeable body does not include clamping sleeves 110, but instead each comprises a clamping recess, which essentially is constructed in the same way as the interior 134 of the clamping sleeve 110 in the first embodiment of the interchangeable body 108 described above.

The clamping recess 272 is therefore essentially radially symmetrical and comprises a section 136 of smaller diameter facing the base body 104 in the assembled state of the interchangeable body 108, a larger diameter section 138 facing away from the base body 104 in the assembled state of the interchangeable body 108, and one of the two sections 136 and 138 interconnecting, conically widening middle section 140.

The middle section 140 of the clamping recess 272 is delimited by a conical pressing surface 142, against which the locking bodies 146 of the relevant locking device 106 rest in the clamping position of the clamping piston 144 of the respective associated locking device 106 shown in FIG.

In this clamping position, the locking bodies 146 engage behind the workpiece carrier 108, so that the workpiece carrier 108 cannot be moved past the locking bodies 146 away from the clamping surface 112 on the base body 104.

Incidentally, the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 35 and 36 of a combination 100 of a clamping device 102 and an interchangeable body 108 corresponds in terms of structure, function and method of manufacture to the first embodiment shown in FIGS is referred to. A third embodiment of a combination 100 of a clamping device 102 and an interchangeable body 108, shown in detail in FIG. 37, differs from the first embodiment shown in FIGS not by positive locking, in particular by screwing, but rather by the fact that the actuating element 166 is formed in one piece with the clamping piston 144.

37 of a combination 100 of a clamping device 102 and an interchangeable body 108 corresponds in terms of structure, function and method of manufacture to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 34, to the above description of which reference is made in this respect .

A fourth embodiment of a combination 100 of a clamping device 102 and an interchangeable body 108, shown in detail in FIG. 38, also differs from the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 34 in that the actuating element 166 is formed in one piece with the clamping piston 144.

Furthermore, in this fourth embodiment it is provided that the actuating element 166 of the locking device 106 is not acted upon directly by an actuating person with an actuating force, but rather that the actuation of an actuating force takes place indirectly, by means of an actuating tool 274.

The operating tool 274 may include a handle 276 which an operator can engage and a shaft 278 which acts on the operating element 166. In order to enable a positive engagement between the actuating tool 274 and the actuating element 166, it can be provided that the actuating tool 274 and/or the actuating element 166 have engagement elements on their mutually facing end faces - preferably complementary to one another - such as, for example, an engagement recess and a corresponding one complementary engagement entry.

The actuation tool 274 can in particular be designed as a hand tool.

38 of a combination 100 of a clamping device 102 and an interchangeable body 108 corresponds in terms of structure, function and method of manufacture to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 34, the above description of which is referred to in this respect .

A fifth embodiment of a combination 100 of a clamping device 102 and an interchangeable body 108, shown in detail in FIG. 39, differs from the first embodiment shown in FIGS is in contact with the base body 104 of the clamping device 102, but rather rests with its contact surface 114 on an end face 280 of the housing 148 of the locking device 106 - preferably essentially flat.

In this embodiment, this end face 280 thus forms the clamping surface 112, on which the interchangeable body 108 is locked in the clamped state of the interchangeable body 108. If the clamping device 102 comprises a plurality of locking devices 106, the end faces 280 of the housings 148 of the locking devices 106 together form the clamping surface 112 of the clamping device 102, against which the interchangeable body 108 rests in the clamped state.

39 of a combination 100 of a clamping device 102 and an interchangeable body 108 corresponds in terms of structure, function and method of manufacture to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 34, the above description of which is referred to in this respect .

Claims

Claims Clamping device for clamping an interchangeable body (108) on a clamping surface (112) of the clamping device (102), comprising a base body (104) and at least one locking device (106) for locking the interchangeable body (108) relative to the clamping surface (112), wherein the locking device (106) comprises a housing (148), a clamping piston (144) which is displaceably guided in the housing (148) and at least one locking body (146) which can be moved by means of the clamping piston (144) from a release position in which the locking body ( 146) a movement of the interchangeable body (108) away from the clamping surface (112) is movable into a locking position in which the locking body (144) prevents the interchangeable body (108) from moving away from the clamping surface (112), and wherein the Locking device (106) comprises an actuating element (166) which is coupled to the clamping piston (144), characterized in that the clamping piston (144) can be brought into a clamping position, a transition position and a release position by actuating the actuating element (166) and the locking device (106) comprises a locking device (204), by means of which the clamping piston (144) can be locked in the release position. Clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that the latching device (204) comprises a stationary latching element (208) which is stationary relative to the housing (148). Clamping device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the locking device (204) comprises a movable locking element (206) which is rotatable relative to the housing (148) about a longitudinal central axis (152) of the locking device (106). Clamping device according to claim 3, characterized in that the movable locking element (206) can be brought into two or more different release locking positions relative to the housing (148), to which the release position of the clamping piston (144) is assigned. Clamping device according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the movable locking element (206) can be brought into two or more different clamping-locking positions relative to the housing (148), to which the clamping position of the clamping piston (144) is assigned. Clamping device according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the locking device (106) comprises an engagement element (226) with which the movable locking element (206) is at least temporarily engaged and on which the movable locking element (206) slides when the clamping piston (144) is in the transition position. Clamping device according to claim 6, characterized in that the engagement element (226) is displaceable along a longitudinal central axis (152) of the locking device (106) and/or is rotationally fixed relative to the housing (148). Clamping device according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the movable locking element (206) is biased against the engagement element (226) by means of an elastic locking element biasing element (250). Clamping device according to one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the locking device (106) comprises a clamping piston biasing element (156) which biases the clamping piston (144) against the movable locking element (206). Clamping device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the actuating element (166) projects further beyond an end face (270) of the housing (148) when the clamping piston (144) is in the clamping position than when the clamping piston (144 ) is in the release position or in the transition position. Clamping device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the actuating element (166) projects less far beyond an end face (270) of the housing (148) when the clamping piston (144) is in the transition position than when the clamping piston ( 144) is in the clamping position or in the release position. Clamping device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the clamping piston (144) can be locked in the clamping position by means of the locking device (204). Clamping device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the clamping piston (144) can be moved manually and without tools from the clamping position to the transition position by means of the actuating element (166). Clamping device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the clamping surface (112) of the clamping device (102) is arranged on the base body (104) or on the housing (148) of the at least one locking device (106). Combination of a clamping device (102) according to one of claims 1 to 14 and an interchangeable body (108) which can be clamped on the clamping surface (112). Combination according to claim 15, characterized in that at least one actuating element (166) in the clamped state of the interchangeable body (108) projects beyond a boundary surface (116) of the interchangeable body (108) facing away from the base body (104) when the associated clamping piston (144) is is in the clamping position. Combination according to one of claims 15 or 16, characterized in that the at least one locking body (146) in the locking position, with the interchangeable body (108) clamped, engages behind a pressing surface (142) of the interchangeable body (108). Combination according to claim 17, characterized in that the interchangeable body (108) comprises at least one clamping sleeve (110), the pressing surface (142) being arranged on at least one of the clamping sleeves (110).