WO2023241435A1 - 一种基于多链路的通信方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种基于多链路的通信方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023241435A1
WO2023241435A1 PCT/CN2023/098930 CN2023098930W WO2023241435A1 WO 2023241435 A1 WO2023241435 A1 WO 2023241435A1 CN 2023098930 W CN2023098930 W CN 2023098930W WO 2023241435 A1 WO2023241435 A1 WO 2023241435A1
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Prior art keywords
frame
multicast
sta
ppdu
station
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PCT/CN2023/098930
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨懋
闫中江
李云波
李伊青
淦明
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2023241435A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023241435A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/14—Multichannel or multilink protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/16—Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular, to a multi-link based communication method and device.
  • MLO multi-link operation
  • a non-access point multi-link device (non-AP MLD) only has a single radio chain (radio chain) transceiver capability, but it can transmit and receive on multiple chains at the same time. Enter the Listening Operation on the link. In listening operation, non-AP MLD uses a radio chain on each link to receive.
  • AP MLD wireless access point multi-link device
  • the non-AP MLD Switch all radio chains to link i for frame interaction with the AP MLD, and switch back to each link for listening operations after the frame interaction is completed.
  • non-AP MLD will switch back to each link to perform listening operations if it receives a multicast frame. This will result in frames sent to the on-AP MLD following the multicast frame being unable to be received.
  • This application provides a multi-link based communication method and device to solve the problem of unreasonable switching operations in MLO.
  • this application provides a communication method based on multi-link.
  • the execution subject of the method can be a receiving side device such as a non-AP MLD.
  • a receiving side device such as a non-AP MLD.
  • it can be a non-AP STA in a non-AP MLD, or it can be It is a chip or circuit or other component used to implement the functions of the receiving side device.
  • the method includes: receiving a first physical layer protocol data unit (PHY protocol data unit, PPDU) within a first duration, and the first PPDU includes the first frame; if the first frame does not When all the conditions in the condition set are met, switch to the listening operation mode; wherein at least one condition in the condition set is the frame information of the multicast frame, the multicast frame and the trigger frame, the multi-user block confirmation frame and the no-data PPDU Claim frames are different.
  • PHY protocol data unit PHY protocol data unit
  • relevant conditions of trigger frames, multi-user block confirmation frames, and other multicast frames other than data-free PPDU announcement frames are added to the condition set, so that non-AP STA can perform handover operations based on other multicast frames.
  • the information determines whether to switch to listening operation mode.
  • the embodiment of the present application can determine whether to switch to the listening operation mode after receiving the multicast frame based on the information of the multicast frame, for example Switch to listening operation mode when the received multicast frame does not meet all conditions of the condition set, On the contrary, when the received multicast frame meets any condition of the condition set, it does not switch to the listening operation mode.
  • it can improve flexibility, and on the other hand, it can ensure that the multicast frame and subsequent frames can be received in time, improving Reasonableness of switching operations.
  • the at least one condition includes: the frame type is a multicast frame, the multicast frame is different from a broadcast frame, in other words, the multicast frame is not a broadcast frame, the multicast frame indicates The receiving equipment includes the site.
  • the non-AP STA switches to the listening operation mode.
  • the non-AP STA will not switch to the listening operation mode, that is, the non-AP STA can receive When receiving a multicast frame sent to itself, it is determined not to switch to the listening operation mode, thereby ensuring that the multicast frame and subsequent frames can be received in time.
  • the non-AP STA can switch to the listening operation mode in time when receiving a multicast frame that is not sent to itself, thereby reducing the delay in using other links to communicate with the access point.
  • the at least one condition includes: the frame type is a broadcast frame, and the sending address carried by the broadcast frame is the address of the access point associated with the station; or the frame type is a broadcast frame, so The receiving device indicated by the broadcast frame includes the station.
  • the non-AP STA switches to the listening operation mode. On the other hand, if the above conditions are met, the non-AP STA will not switch to the listening operation mode, that is, the non-AP STA can receive When receiving a broadcast frame sent to itself or a broadcast frame sent by its associated access point, it is determined not to switch to the listening operation mode, thereby ensuring that the multicast frame and subsequent frames can be received in time.
  • the trigger frame, the multi-user block confirmation frame and the no-data PPDU declaration frame can be covered, so that the conditions for the trigger frame, the multi-user block confirmation frame and the no-data PPDU declaration frame do not need to be listed separately in the condition set. Therefore, The above conditions can simplify the protocol description and reduce the implementation complexity.
  • the set of conditions also includes at least one of the following five conditions:
  • the frame type is a unicast frame, and the receiving address carried by the unicast frame is the address of the station;
  • the frame type is a clear-to-send frame, and the receiving address carried by the clear-to-send frame is the address of the access point station associated with the station;
  • the frame type is a multi-user block acknowledgment frame, and the multi-user block acknowledgment frame includes a second field used to indicate station information, and the second field indicates the station;
  • this application provides a communication method based on multi-link.
  • the execution subject of the method can be a receiving side device such as a non-AP MLD.
  • a receiving side device such as a non-AP MLD.
  • it can be a non-AP STA in the non-AP MLD, or it can be It is a chip or circuit or other component used to implement the functions of the receiving side device.
  • the method includes: receiving the first PPDU within the first duration, and the first PPDU includes the first frame; if the first frame meets any condition in the condition set, switching to a listening operation Mode; wherein the frame type range corresponding to at least one condition in the condition set includes a multicast frame, and the multicast frame is different from a trigger frame, a multi-user block acknowledgment frame, and a dataless physical layer protocol data unit PPDU announcement frame.
  • trigger frames, multi-user block confirmation frames and no data can be covered by adding to the condition set.
  • the PPDU declares the conditions for other multicast frames other than the frame, so that the non-AP STA can determine whether to switch to the listening operation mode based on the information of other multicast frames when performing a switching operation.
  • the embodiment of the present application can determine whether to switch to the listening operation mode after receiving the multicast frame based on the information of the multicast frame, for example , in the above method, the listening operation mode is switched when any condition of the condition set is met. On the contrary, the listening operation mode is not switched when all conditions of the condition set are not met.
  • flexibility can be improved, and on the other hand, the listening operation mode can be improved. This ensures that multicast frames and subsequent frames can be received in time, improving the rationality of switching operations.
  • the sending address of the frame is not the address of the access point station associated with the station;
  • the frame type is a broadcast frame, and the target receiving device indicated by the broadcast frame does not include the station;
  • the non-AP STA switches to the listening operation mode.
  • the above conditions are not met, it means that the first frame is a multicast frame sent to itself, and the non-AP STA can When receiving a multicast frame sent to itself, it is determined not to switch to the listening operation mode, thereby ensuring that the multicast frame and subsequent frames can be received in time.
  • the at least one condition includes at least one of the following two conditions:
  • the frame type is a multicast frame, the multicast frame is different from the broadcast frame, and the receiving device indicated by the multicast frame does not include the station.
  • the set of conditions also includes at least one of the following five conditions:
  • the frame type is a clear-to-send frame, and the receiving address carried by the clear-to-send frame is not the address of the access point station associated with the station;
  • the frame type is a multi-user block acknowledgment frame, and the second field included in the multi-user block acknowledgment frame does not indicate the station, and the second field is used to indicate station information;
  • this application provides a communication method based on multi-link.
  • the execution subject of the method can be a receiving side device such as a non-AP MLD.
  • a receiving side device such as a non-AP MLD.
  • it can be a non-AP STA in a non-AP MLD, or it can be It is a chip or circuit or other component used to implement the functions of the receiving side device.
  • the method includes: receiving a PPDU; if the basic service set indicated by the PPDU is an external basic service set, switching to a listening operation.
  • this application provides a multi-link-based communication method.
  • the execution subject of the method can be a receiving side device such as a non-AP MLD.
  • a receiving side device such as a non-AP MLD.
  • it can be a non-AP STA in a non-AP MLD, or it can be It is a chip or circuit or other component used to implement the functions of the receiving side device.
  • the method includes: determining that any condition in the condition set is met; switching to the listening operation mode; wherein the condition set includes the following conditions: a multicast frame is received, the multicast frame Unlike broadcast frames, the receiving device indicated by the multicast frame does not include the station.
  • the non-AP STA by adding conditions that can cover other multicast frames other than trigger frames, multi-user block acknowledgment frames, and no-data PPDU announcement frames, the non-AP STA can determine based on the information of other multicast frames when performing handover operations. Whether to switch to listening operation mode.
  • the embodiment of the present application can determine whether to switch to the listening operation mode based on the information of the multicast frame after receiving the multicast frame. On the one hand, it can improve flexibility; on the other hand, it can ensure that multicast frames and subsequent frames can be received in time, improving the rationality of switching operations.
  • the set of conditions also includes at least one of the following three conditions:
  • the first field included in the trigger frame does not indicate the station, and the first field is used to indicate user information
  • a multi-user block confirmation frame is received, and the second field included in the multi-user block confirmation frame does not indicate the site, and the second field is used to indicate site information;
  • a no-data PPDU announcement frame is received, and the third field included in the no-data PPDU announcement frame does not indicate the station, and the third field is used to indicate station information.
  • condition set includes the following conditions:
  • a broadcast frame is received, and the target receiving device indicated by the broadcast frame does not include the station.
  • non-AP STA can determine whether to switch to listening based on the information of other multicast frames when performing switching operations. operating mode.
  • the set of conditions also includes the following conditions:
  • An extremely high throughput multi-user block PPDU is received.
  • the basic service set indicated by the extremely high throughput multi-user block PPDU is the same as the basic service set of the cell where the station is located.
  • the extremely high throughput multi-user block PPDU is not indicated.
  • the site is a receiving device, and the value of the basic service set prohibited domain carried in the efficient operation domain most recently received by the site is 0.
  • the above design can improve the rationality of switching operations by improving the set of conditions.
  • the set of conditions also includes at least one of the following conditions:
  • a unicast frame is received, and the destination address carried by the unicast frame is different from the address of the station;
  • the high-efficiency multi-user block PPDU is received, the basic service set indicated by the high-efficiency multi-user block PPDU is different from the basic service set of the cell where the station is located, the high-efficiency multi-user block PPDU does not indicate that the station is a receiving device, and the The value of the basic service set prohibited domain carried in the most recent efficient operation domain received by the site is 0;
  • the carrier sense mechanism indicates that the channel has been idle for a preset period of time.
  • this application provides a communication method based on multi-link.
  • the execution subject of the method can be a receiving side device such as a non-AP MLD.
  • a receiving side device such as a non-AP MLD.
  • it can be a non-AP STA in the non-AP MLD, or it can be It is a chip or circuit or other component used to implement the functions of the receiving side device.
  • the method includes: within a first time period, determining whether to switch to the listening operation mode according to the first rule, and the starting time of the first time period is the preset time or the first information
  • the reception time of the target frame, the first time period is used to receive the multicast frame; in the second time period, it is determined according to the second rule whether to switch to the listening operation mode, and the starting time of the second time period is The initial control frame reception time.
  • multicast frames are sent intensively to non-AP STAs in a specific time period (i.e., the first time period), and different switching rules are adopted between this time period and the second time period, thereby ensuring that multicast frames are And subsequent frames can be received in time, and the loss of subsequent transmission opportunities can also be reduced.
  • determining whether to switch to the listening operation mode according to the first rule includes:
  • the first condition set includes at least one of the following:
  • the timer times out, and the start time of the timer is the starting time of the first time period
  • the total length of transmission opportunities of the first access point station associated with the station from the starting moment of the first time period reaches a preset duration.
  • the preset time is the sending time of the first beacon frame obtained in advance.
  • the first beacon frame is a beacon frame that transmits a service indication map.
  • the start of the first time period and the second time period may depend on the reception time of the first beacon frame (or preset time) and the initial control frame.
  • determining whether to switch to the listening operation mode according to the second rule includes:
  • the mode of listening operation is switched.
  • the second set of conditions includes at least one of the following conditions:
  • the frame type is a broadcast frame.
  • the broadcast frame is different from the trigger frame, the multi-user block confirmation frame and the data-free PPDU announcement frame.
  • the sending address carried by the broadcast frame is the address of the access point station associated with the station;
  • the frame type is a multicast frame, the multicast frame is different from the broadcast frame, and the receiving device indicated by the multicast frame includes the station;
  • the frame type is a clear-to-send frame, and the receiving address carried by the clear-to-send frame is the address of the access point station associated with the station;
  • the non-AP STA can switch to the listening operation mode when receiving a multicast frame that does not meet the above set of conditions, and conversely, when receiving a multicast frame that satisfies the above set of conditions Do not switch to listening operation mode, thus ensuring that multicast frames and subsequent frames can be received in time. Moreover, through the above two conditions, the non-AP STA can switch to the listening operation mode in time when receiving a multicast frame that is not sent to itself, thereby reducing the delay in using other links to communicate with the access point. .
  • the frame type is a broadcast frame, and the sending address carried by the broadcast frame is the address of the access point station associated with the station;
  • the frame type is a unicast frame, and the receiving address carried by the unicast frame is the address of the station;
  • the frame type is a clear-to-send frame
  • the receiving address carried by the clear-to-send frame is the address of the access point station associated with the station.
  • the above conditions can cover trigger frames, multi-user block confirmation frames, and no-data PPDU announcement frames, as well as other multicast frames, so that the second set of conditions does not need to separately list the conditions for trigger frames, multi-user block confirmation frames, and no-data PPDU announcement frames. , which can simplify the protocol description and reduce the implementation complexity. It can also enable the non-AP STA to determine not to switch to the listening operation mode when receiving a multicast frame sent to itself, thereby ensuring that the multicast frame and subsequent frames can be received in time.
  • the frame type is a broadcast frame, and the receiving device indicated by the broadcast frame includes the station;
  • the frame type is a multicast frame, the multicast frame is different from the broadcast frame, and the receiving device indicated by the multicast frame includes the station.
  • the frame type is a unicast frame, and the receiving address carried by the unicast frame is the address of the station;
  • the frame type is a clear-to-send frame
  • the receiving address carried by the clear-to-send frame is the address of the access point station associated with the station.
  • determining whether to switch to the listening operation mode according to the second rule includes:
  • the listening operation mode is switched.
  • the third condition set includes at least one of the following conditions:
  • the sending address of the frame is not the address of the access point station associated with the station;
  • the frame type is a unicast frame, and the receiving address carried by the unicast frame is not the address of the station;
  • the frame type is a clear-to-send frame, and the receiving address carried by the clear-to-send frame is not the address of the access point station associated with the station;
  • the frame type is a no-data PPDU announcement frame, and the third field included in the no-data PPDU announcement frame does not indicate the station, and the third field is used to indicate station information.
  • the frame type is a no-data PPDU announcement frame, and the third field included in the no-data PPDU announcement frame does not indicate the station, and the third field is used to indicate station information.
  • the non-AP STA can determine to switch to the listening operation mode when receiving a multicast frame not sent to itself, and determine not to switch to the listening operation mode when receiving a multicast frame sent to itself.
  • Listen operation mode which ensures that multicast frames and subsequent frames can be received in a timely manner.
  • the frame type is a unicast frame, and the receiving address carried by the unicast frame is not the address of the station;
  • the first field included in the trigger frame does not indicate the station, and the first field is used to indicate user information
  • a multi-user block confirmation frame is received, and the second field included in the multi-user block confirmation frame does not indicate the site, and the second field is used to indicate site information;
  • a unicast frame is received, and the destination address carried by the unicast frame is different from the address of the station;
  • a PPDU is received.
  • the PPDU is a high-efficiency multi-user block PPDU or an extremely high-throughput multi-user block PPDU.
  • the basic service set indicated by the PPDU is the same as the basic service set of the cell where the station is located.
  • the PPDU does not indicate the
  • the site is a receiving device, and the value of the basic service set prohibited domain carried in the most recently received high-efficiency operation domain by the site is 0;
  • the carrier sense mechanism indicates that the channel has been idle for a preset period of time.
  • non-AP STA can determine whether to switch to listening based on the information of other multicast frames when performing switching operations. operating mode. Compared with the existing technology that directly switches to the listening operation mode after receiving the multicast frame, it can be determined whether to switch to the listening operation mode based on the information of the multicast frame after receiving the multicast frame. On the one hand, it can improve flexibility. On the other hand, it can ensure that multicast frames and subsequent frames can be received in time, improving the rationality of handover operations.
  • the third condition set includes at least one of the following conditions:
  • a multicast frame is received, and the receiving device indicated by the multicast frame does not include the station;
  • a unicast frame is received, and the destination address carried by the unicast frame is different from the address of the station;
  • a PPDU is received.
  • the PPDU is a high-efficiency multi-user block PPDU or an extremely high-throughput multi-user block PPDU.
  • the basic service set indicated by the PPDU is different from the basic service set of the cell where the station is located.
  • the PPDU does not indicate the
  • the site is a receiving device, and the value of the basic service set prohibited domain carried in the most recently received high-efficiency operation domain by the site is 0;
  • the carrier sense mechanism indicates that the channel has been idle for a preset period of time.
  • the above conditions can cover trigger frames, multi-user block confirmation frames, and no-data PPDU announcement frames, as well as other multicast frames, so that the third set of conditions does not need to separately list the conditions for trigger frames, multi-user block confirmation frames, and no-data PPDU announcement frames. , which can simplify the protocol description and reduce the implementation complexity. It can also enable the non-AP STA to determine whether to switch to the listening operation mode when receiving a multicast frame sent to itself, thereby ensuring that the multicast frame and subsequent frames can be received in time.
  • the third condition set includes at least one of the following conditions:
  • a multicast frame is received, the multicast frame is different from the broadcast frame, and the receiving device indicated by the multicast frame does not include the station;
  • a broadcast frame is received, and the target receiving device indicated by the broadcast frame does not include the station;
  • a PPDU is received.
  • the PPDU is a high-efficiency multi-user block PPDU or an extremely high-throughput multi-user block PPDU.
  • the basic service set indicated by the PPDU is different from the basic service set of the cell where the station is located.
  • the PPDU does not indicate the
  • the site is a receiving device, and the value of the basic service set prohibited domain carried in the most recently received high-efficiency operation domain by the site is 0;
  • the carrier sense mechanism indicates that the channel has been idle for a preset period of time.
  • the above conditions can cover trigger frames, multi-user block confirmation frames, and no-data PPDU announcement frames, as well as other multicast frames, so that the third set of conditions does not need to separately list the conditions for trigger frames, multi-user block confirmation frames, and no-data PPDU announcement frames. , which can simplify the protocol description and reduce the implementation complexity. It can also enable the non-AP STA to determine not to switch to the listening operation mode when receiving a multicast frame sent to itself, thereby ensuring that the multicast frame and subsequent frames can be received in time.
  • whether to switch to the listening operation mode is determined according to the second set of conditions or the third set of conditions.
  • determining whether to switch to the listening operation mode according to the second rule may include:
  • the listening operation mode is switched.
  • the fourth condition set includes at least one of the following conditions:
  • the frame type is a trigger frame, and the trigger frame includes a first field used to indicate user information, and the first field indicates the site;
  • the frame type is a multi-user block acknowledgment frame, and the multi-user block acknowledgment frame includes a second field used to indicate station information, and the second field indicates the station;
  • the communication device includes: a processor, the processor is configured to support the communication device to perform the corresponding functions of the non-AP STA in the method shown above.
  • the communications device may also include memory, which storage may be coupled to the processor, which holds program instructions and data necessary for the communications device.
  • the communication device further includes an interface circuit, the interface circuit is used to support communication between the communication device and other devices.
  • the communication device includes corresponding functional modules, respectively used to implement the steps in the above method.
  • Functions can be implemented by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • Hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.
  • a multi-link based communication device including a processor and an interface circuit.
  • the interface circuit is used to receive signals from other communication devices other than the communication device and transmit them to the processor or from the communication device.
  • the signal from the processor is sent to other communication devices other than the communication device, and the processor is used to implement any one of the foregoing first to fifth aspects and the method in any possible design through logic circuits or execution of code instructions.
  • a computer-readable storage medium is provided.
  • Computer programs or instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium.
  • the above-described first to fifth aspects are implemented. method in any aspect and in any possible design.
  • a communication system in a thirteenth aspect, includes the device described in the third aspect (such as non-AP MLD or non-AP STA), and may also include an AP MLD or an access point.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an MLO applicable to the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system applicable to the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic flow chart of an MLO communication method applicable to the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic flow chart of an MLO communication method applicable to the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an MLO communication device applicable to the embodiment of the present application.
  • a non-access point multi-link device (non-AP MLD) only has the ability to send and receive a single radio chain, but it can enter on multiple links at the same time. Listening operation. In listening operation, non-AP MLD uses a radio chain on each link to receive. When the AP MLD successfully sends the initial control frame (Initial Control Frame) to the non-AP MLD on any link i, the non-AP MLD switches all radio chains to link i for frame interaction with the AP MLD. After the frame interaction is completed, the radio chain is switched back to each link to return to the listening operation.
  • initial control frame Initial Control Frame
  • a radio chain is a physical entity that can serve as a receive chain and/or a transmit chain.
  • a transmit chain is a physical entity that implements signal processing to generate transmission signals from digital baseband.
  • Signal processing includes digital-to-analog conversion, filtering, amplification, and up-conversion.
  • the radio chain can be wireless or radio.
  • the multicast frame is a frame oriented to multiple sites, and the MAC address of the multicast frame corresponds to multiple sites.
  • a broadcast frame is a multicast frame when the MAC address indicates the broadcast address. That is, multicast frames include broadcast frames, and broadcast frames are a special type of multicast frame.
  • At least one refers to one or more, and “multiple” refers to two or more.
  • “and / or” Describes the association of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships.
  • a and/or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural.
  • the character "/” generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or” relationship.
  • “At least one of the following” or similar expressions thereof refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item (items) or a plurality of items (items).
  • At least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a and b and c, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.
  • the embodiment of this application takes a site in the MLD as an example for description.
  • the site described in the embodiment of this application may be a STA in an MLD that supports EMLSR.
  • sites in non-AP MLD can be called non-AP STAs
  • sites in AP MLD can be called AP.
  • the IEEE 802.11be standard working group proposed an EMLSR working mechanism: when the non-AP MLD meets one of the following conditions, it must immediately switch the antenna back to each link to perform listening operations:
  • SIFS short inter frame space
  • ASIFSTime time slot duration
  • aRxPHYStartDelay physical layer start reception delay
  • the MAC of the STA affiliated with the non-AP MLD that received the initial Control frame does not receive a PHY-RXSTART.indication primitive during a timeout interval of aSIFSTime+aSlotTime+aRxPHYStartDelay starting at the end of the PPDU transmitted by the STA of the non-AP MLD as a response to the most recently received frame from the AP affiliated with the AP MLD or starting at the end of the reception of the PPDU containing a frame for the STA from the AP affiliated with the AP MLD that does not require immediate acknowledgment).
  • n starts when the non-AP STA replies to the latest frame from the AP, or when the non-AP STA receives the latest frame from the AP that does not require the non-AP STA to reply immediately, and the non-AP STA is within the timeout period Received an instruction from the physical layer to enable reception.
  • the non-AP STA did not detect any of the following frames (The MAC of the STA affiliated with the non-AP MLD that received the initial Control frame receives a PHY-RXSTART.indication primitive during a timeout interval of aSIFSTime+aSlotTime+aRxPHYStartDelay starting at the end of the PPDU transmitted by the STA of the non-AP MLD as a response to the most recently received frame from the AP affiliated with the AP MLD or starting at the end of the reception of the PPDU containing a frame for the STA from the AP affiliated with the AP MLD that does not require immediate acknowledgment and the STA affiliated with the non-AP MLD does not detect,within the PPDU corresponding to the PHY-RXSTART.indication any of the following frames):
  • a unicast frame (individually addressed frame), and the receiving address in the frame (receiving address, RA) address is the MAC address of the non-AP STA (an individually addressed frame with the RA equal to the MAC address of the STA affiliated with the non-AP MLD);
  • a trigger frame that has one of the User Info fields addressed to the STA affiliated with the non-AP MLD );
  • a non-AP STA receives a broadcast frame or a multicast frame during frame interaction with the AP after receiving the initial control frame from the AP, it will match the above situation. Second, it is necessary to immediately switch the radio chain back to each link to perform listening operations, resulting in the inability to receive subsequent frames.
  • Another possible solution is to send broadcast or multicast frames after all unicast frames have been sent. But on the one hand, this will result in that at most one broadcast frame or multicast frame can be successfully sent. On the other hand, it limits flexibility. Moreover, broadcast frames or multicast frames often take precedence over unicast frames in many cases. This method will cause broadcast frames or multicast frames to fail to be sent in time.
  • the communication method provided by this application can also be applied to other types of communication systems, for example, it can be the Internet of Things (IoT), narrowband Internet of things (NB-IoT), long-term evolution (long-term evolution) term evolution (LTE), it can also be the fifth generation (5G) communication system, it can also be a hybrid architecture of LTE and 5G, it can also be a 5G new radio (NR) system and 6G or new technologies emerging in future communication development. communication systems, etc.
  • the communication system described in this application can also be a machine to machine (machine to machine, M2M) network, a non-terrestrial network (non-terrestrial network, NTN) network or other networks.
  • M2M machine to machine
  • NTN non-terrestrial network
  • the AP MLD and non-AP MLD involved in this application can be AP MLD and non-AP MLD applicable to the IEEE 802.11be system standard, or they can be AP MLD and non-AP MLD applicable to the IEEE 802.11 system standard. It can also be AP MLD and non-AP MLD suitable for other standards, such as AP MLD and non-AP MLD suitable for future standards, etc.
  • the embodiment of this application takes a non-AP STA in a non-AP MLD as an example for explanation.
  • the AP sends the first PPDU.
  • the non-AP STA receives the first PPDU within the first duration.
  • the non-AP STA receives the first PPDU within the first duration, which can be implemented in the following manner: the non-AP STA receives the physical layer enable reception indication within the first duration, and receives the In the process of the PPDU corresponding to the indication, the first PPDU is detected.
  • the at least one condition may include at least one of the following conditions:
  • the frame type is a multicast frame, which is different from a broadcast frame.
  • the receiving device indicated by the multicast frame includes the non-AP STA (a group addressed frame and the STA is a member of this group).
  • the multicast frame is different from the broadcast frame. It can be understood that the multicast address of the multicast frame is not a broadcast address, or the multicast frame is not a broadcast frame.
  • the multicast frame can also be different from the broadcast frame. To understand this, I will not explain them one by one.
  • the frame type is a broadcast frame, and the sending address carried by the broadcast frame is the address of the AP associated with the non-AP STA (a broadcast frame with the TA equal to the MAC address of the AP affiliated with the AP MLD);
  • the frame type is a multicast frame, which is different from a broadcast frame.
  • the receiving device indicated by the multicast frame includes the non-AP STA (a group addressed frame and the STA is a member of this group).
  • the at least one condition may also include at least one of the following conditions:
  • the frame type is a broadcast frame, and the receiving device indicated by the broadcast frame includes the non-AP STA (a broadcast frame and the STA affiliated with the non-AP MLD is one of the target receiver of this broadcast frame);
  • the frame type is a multicast frame, which is different from a broadcast frame.
  • the receiving device indicated by the multicast frame includes the non-AP STA (a group addressed frame and the STA is a member of this group).
  • condition set may also include at least one of the following five conditions:
  • the frame type is a unicast frame, and the receiving address carried by the unicast frame is the address of the non-AP STA;
  • the frame type is a trigger frame, and the trigger frame includes a first field used to indicate user information.
  • the first field indicates the non-AP STA.
  • the first field may be a user information field;
  • the frame type is a clear-send frame, and the receiving address carried by the clear-send frame is the address of the AP associated with the non-AP STA;
  • the frame type is a multi-user block acknowledgment frame
  • the multi-user block acknowledgment frame includes a second field used to indicate station information.
  • the second field indicates the non-AP STA.
  • the second field may be Per AID TID. Info;
  • the frame type is a no-data PPDU announcement frame
  • the no-data PPDU announcement frame includes a third field used to indicate station information.
  • the third field indicates the non-AP STA.
  • the third field may be the STA information field. .
  • condition set Three specific examples of the condition set will be described below in conjunction with the above-mentioned illustration of at least one condition.
  • condition set can include the following conditions:
  • the frame type is a broadcast frame. This broadcast frame is different from trigger frames, multi-user block confirmation frames, and no-data PPDU announcement frames.
  • the sending address carried by this broadcast frame is the address of the AP associated with the non-AP STA;
  • the frame type is a multicast frame, which is different from a broadcast frame.
  • the multicast frame is not a broadcast frame, and the receiving device indicated by the multicast frame includes the non-AP STA;
  • the frame type is a trigger frame, and the trigger frame includes a first field used to indicate user information.
  • the first field indicates the non-AP STA.
  • the first field may be a user information field;
  • the frame type is a clear-send frame, and the receiving address carried by the clear-send frame is the address of the AP associated with the non-AP STA;
  • the frame type is a multi-user block acknowledgment frame
  • the multi-user block acknowledgment frame includes a second field used to indicate station information.
  • the second field indicates the non-AP STA.
  • the second field may be Per AID TID. Info;
  • the frame type is a no-data PPDU announcement frame
  • the no-data PPDU announcement frame includes a third field used to indicate station information.
  • the third field indicates the non-AP STA.
  • the third field may be the STA information field. .
  • This example adds two conditions for the multicast frame in the aforementioned case 2, so that the non-AP STA can determine whether to switch to the listening operation mode after receiving the multicast frame sent to itself. For example, after receiving Switch to the listening operation mode when the received multicast frame does not meet all conditions in the condition set. On the contrary, do not switch to the listening operation mode when the received multicast frame meets any condition in the condition set, thus ensuring that the multicast frame and subsequent frames can be received in time. Moreover, through the above two conditions, the non-AP STA can switch to the listening operation mode in time when receiving a multicast frame that is not sent to itself, thereby reducing the delay in using other links to communicate with the AP.
  • condition set can include the following conditions:
  • the frame type is a unicast frame, and the receiving address carried by the unicast frame is the address of the non-AP STA;
  • the frame type is a clear-send frame
  • the receiving address carried by the clear-send frame is the address of the AP associated with the non-AP STA.
  • the above conditions can cover trigger frames, multi-user block confirmation frames and no-data PPDU declaration frames, as well as other multicast frames. Therefore, the conditions for trigger frames, multi-user block confirmation frames and no-data PPDU declaration frames do not need to be listed separately in the condition set. Therefore, the protocol description can be simplified and the implementation complexity can be reduced. It can also enable the non-AP STA to determine whether to switch to the listening operation mode when receiving a multicast frame sent to itself, such as switching to listening when the received multicast frame does not meet all conditions of the condition set. On the contrary, it does not switch to the listening operation mode when the received multicast frame meets any condition of the condition set, thereby improving flexibility and ensuring that the multicast frame and subsequent frames can be received in time.
  • condition set can include the following conditions:
  • the frame type is a multicast frame.
  • the multicast frame is different from the broadcast frame.
  • the receiving device indicated by the multicast frame includes the non-AP. STA;
  • the frame type is a unicast frame, and the receiving address carried by the unicast frame is the address of the non-AP STA;
  • the above conditions can cover trigger frames, multi-user block confirmation frames and no-data PPDU declaration frames, as well as other multicast frames. Therefore, the conditions for trigger frames, multi-user block confirmation frames and no-data PPDU declaration frames do not need to be listed separately in the condition set. Therefore, the protocol description can be simplified and the implementation complexity can be reduced. It can also enable the non-AP STA to determine whether to switch to the listening operation mode when receiving a multicast frame sent to itself, such as switching to listening when the received multicast frame does not meet all conditions of the condition set. On the contrary, it does not switch to the listening operation mode when the received multicast frame meets any condition of the condition set, thereby improving flexibility and ensuring that the multicast frame and subsequent frames can be received in time.
  • the non-AP STA can also switch to the listening operation mode in the following scenario (or situation or condition): receiving the second PPDU; if the basic service set (BSS) indicated by the second PPDU is inter-BSS, switch to listening operation mode (The STA affiliated with the non-AP MLD receives a PPDU and classifies the PPDU as inter-BSS PPDU). It should be noted that this method can also be implemented independently without relying on the method described in Embodiment 1.
  • the inter-BSS PPDU can be determined by the physical layer SIG field.
  • the position of the SIG field in the PPDU is before the data part. Therefore, in the above method, by switching to the listening operation mode when inter-BSS PPDU is detected, it is not necessary.
  • the MAC content located in the data part of the PPDU so that switching can be performed in time, which is beneficial to reducing the delay in using other links to communicate with the AP.
  • the non-AP STA can also switch to the listening operation mode in other scenarios (or situations or conditions), such as the situation one or three mentioned above.
  • scenarios or situations or conditions
  • relevant conditions of trigger frames, multi-user block confirmation frames, and other multicast frames other than data-free PPDU announcement frames are added to the condition set, so that non-AP STA can perform handover operations based on other multicast frames.
  • the information determines whether to switch to listening operation mode.
  • the embodiment of the present application can determine whether to switch to the listening operation mode after receiving the multicast frame based on the information of the multicast frame, for example Switch to the listening operation mode when the received multicast frame does not meet all conditions of the condition set. On the contrary, do not switch to the listening operation mode when the received multicast frame meets any condition of the condition set.
  • Embodiment 1 of this application follows the switching rule logic in the current IEEE 802.11be standard document, which can improve the rationality and flexibility of the switching operation while reducing changes to the protocol.
  • Embodiment 1 introduces a technical solution for determining whether to switch operations based on whether a condition in a condition set is not met, so as to ensure that multicast frames and subsequent frames can be received in a timely manner.
  • the following embodiment 2 introduces another method. This method determines whether to perform a switching operation based on whether the conditions in the condition set are met, so as to ensure that the multicast frame can and subsequent frames can be received in a timely manner.
  • FIG. 5 it is a schematic flow chart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first PPDU includes the first frame. Specifically, the relevant description of S401 in the method described in Figure 4 can be described, which will not be repeated here.
  • the non-AP STA switches to the listening operation mode.
  • the frame type range corresponding to at least one condition in the condition set includes a multicast frame, and the multicast frame is different from a trigger frame, a multi-user block acknowledgment frame, and a dataless physical layer protocol data unit PPDU announcement frame.
  • the sending address of the frame is not the address of the AP associated with the non-AP STA (a frame with the TA that differs from the MAC address of the AP affiliated with the AP MLD);
  • the frame type is a broadcast frame, and the target receiving device indicated by the broadcast frame does not include the non-AP STA (a broadcast frame but the STA affiliated with the non-AP MLD is not one of the target receiver STA), optional,
  • the broadcast frame may be different from the trigger frame, the multi-user block confirmation frame and the no-data PPDU announcement frame.
  • the multicast frame is different from (or not) the currently defined trigger frame, the multi-user block confirmation frame and the no-data PPDU announcement frame.
  • the frame type is a multicast frame, the multicast frame is different from the broadcast frame, and the receiving device indicated by the multicast frame does not include the non-AP STA (a group addressed frame but the STA is not a member of this group).
  • the multicast frame is different from the broadcast frame. It can be understood that the multicast address of the multicast frame is not a broadcast address, or the multicast frame is not a broadcast frame.
  • the multicast frame can also be different from the broadcast frame. To understand this, I will not explain them one by one.
  • the at least one condition may include at least one of the following conditions:
  • the sending address of the frame is not the address of the AP associated with the non-AP STA (a frame with the TA that differs from the MAC address of the AP affiliated with the AP MLD);
  • condition set can also include at least one of the following five conditions:
  • the frame type is a clear-to-send frame, and the receiving address carried by the clear-to-send frame is not the address of the AP associated with the non-AP STA (a CTS-to-self frame with the RA not equal to the MAC address of the AP affiliated with the AP MLD);
  • condition set can include the following conditions:
  • the frame type is a broadcast frame.
  • the broadcast frame is different from the trigger frame, multi-user block confirmation frame and no-data PPDU announcement frame, and the target receiving device indicated by the broadcast frame does not include the non-AP STA;
  • the frame type is a unicast frame, and the receiving address carried by the unicast frame is not the address of the non-AP STA;
  • the frame type is a no-data PPDU announcement frame
  • the third field included in the no-data PPDU announcement frame does not indicate the non-AP STA.
  • the third field is used to indicate non-AP STA information.
  • condition set can include the following conditions:
  • the sending address of the frame is not the address of the AP associated with the non-AP STA;
  • the frame type is a unicast frame, and the receiving address carried by the unicast frame is not the address of the non-AP STA;
  • the frame type is a clear-send frame, and the receiving address carried by the clear-send frame is not the address of the AP associated with the non-AP STA.
  • the above conditions can cover trigger frames, multi-user block confirmation frames and no-data PPDU declaration frames, as well as other multicast frames. Therefore, the conditions for trigger frames, multi-user block confirmation frames and no-data PPDU declaration frames do not need to be listed separately in the condition set. Therefore, the protocol description can be simplified and the implementation complexity can be reduced. It can also enable the non-AP STA to determine whether to switch to the listening operation mode when receiving a multicast frame sent to itself, for example, not to switch to the listening operation mode when the received multicast frame meets any condition of the condition set. Listen operation mode, otherwise, the received multicast frame does not satisfy the condition set Switching to the listening operation mode when all conditions are met, thereby improving flexibility and ensuring that multicast frames and subsequent frames can be received in a timely manner.
  • condition set can also include the following conditions:
  • the sending address of the frame is not the address of the AP associated with the non-AP STA;
  • the frame type is a multicast frame, the multicast frame is different from the broadcast frame, and the receiving device indicated by the multicast frame does not include the non-AP STA;
  • the frame type is a unicast frame, and the receiving address carried by the unicast frame is not the address of the non-AP STA;
  • the frame type is a trigger frame, and the first field included in the trigger frame does not indicate the non-AP STA.
  • the first field is used to indicate user information
  • the frame type is a clear-send frame, and the receiving address carried by the clear-send frame is not the address of the AP associated with the non-AP STA;
  • the non-AP STA can switch to the listening operation mode when receiving a multicast frame that meets any of the conditions in the above condition set, and conversely, it receives a multicast frame that does not meet all conditions in the above condition set. does not switch to the listening operation mode, thus ensuring that multicast frames and subsequent frames can be received in time.
  • the sending address of the frame is not the address of the AP associated with the non-AP STA;
  • the frame type is a unicast frame, and the receiving address carried by the unicast frame is not the address of the non-AP STA;
  • the frame type is a clear-send frame, and the receiving address carried by the clear-send frame is not the address of the AP associated with the non-AP STA.
  • This example adds conditions that can cover other multicast frames, so that non-AP STA can determine whether to switch to the listening operation mode after receiving a multicast frame sent to itself, thus ensuring that the multicast frame and subsequent Frames can be received in a timely manner.
  • the non-AP STA can also switch to the listening operation mode in the following scenarios (or situations or conditions): receive the second PPDU; if the BSS indicated by the second PPDU is inter-BSS, switch to the listening operation Mode (The STA affiliated with the non-AP MLD receives a PPDU and classifies the PPDU as inter-BSS PPDU). It should be noted that this method can also be implemented independently without relying on the method described in Embodiment 1.
  • step S502 if it is determined that the BSS indicated by the first PPDU is an inter-BSS, it may be determined to switch to the listening operation mode. In this implementation, S502 does not need to be executed.
  • the inter-BSS PPDU can be determined through the physical layer SIG field.
  • the SIG field is located in the data part. Therefore, in the above method, by switching to the listening operation mode when inter-BSS PPDU is detected, there is no need to continue to parse the MAC content located in the PPDU data part, so that switching can be performed in time, which is beneficial to reducing the use of other links. The delay in communicating with the AP.
  • the non-AP STA can also switch to the listening operation mode in other scenarios (or situations or conditions), such as the previous situation 1 or 3, etc.
  • scenarios or situations or conditions
  • the previous situation 1 or 3 etc.
  • non-AP STA by adding conditions to the condition set that can cover other multicast frames except trigger frames, multi-user block acknowledgment frames, and data-free PPDU announcement frames, non-AP STA can perform handover operations based on other multicast frames.
  • the information of the frame determines whether to switch to listening operation mode.
  • the embodiment of the present application can determine whether to switch to the listening operation mode after receiving the multicast frame based on the information of the multicast frame, for example Switch to the listening operation mode when the received multicast frame meets any condition of the condition set. On the contrary, do not switch to the listening operation mode when the received multicast frame does not meet all conditions of the condition set.
  • you can Improved flexibility on the other hand, ensures that multicast frames and subsequent frames can be received in time, improving the rationality of switching operations.
  • Embodiment 1 introduces a technical solution for determining whether to switch operations based on whether a condition in a condition set is not met, so as to ensure that multicast frames and subsequent frames can be received in a timely manner.
  • Embodiment 2 introduces a technical solution for determining whether to perform a handover operation based on whether a condition in a condition set is met, so as to ensure that multicast frames and subsequent frames can be received in a timely manner.
  • the following embodiment 3 introduces another method, which determines whether to switch to the listening operation mode by combining the SM PS switching rules and the EMLSR switching rules to ensure that multicast frames and subsequent frames can be received in time.
  • the non-AP STA determines that any condition in the condition set is met.
  • the condition set includes the following conditions: a multicast frame is received, the multicast frame is different from the broadcast frame, and the receiving device indicated by the multicast frame does not include the non-AP STA (It receives a group addressed frame but the STA is not a member of this group).
  • the set of conditions may also include at least one of the following three conditions:
  • a trigger frame is received.
  • the first field included in the trigger frame does not indicate the non-AP STA.
  • the first field is used to indicate user information.
  • the first field may be a user information field (It receives a Trigger frame). that has none of the User Info fields addressed to it);
  • a multi-user block acknowledgment frame is received, and the second field included in the multi-user block acknowledgment frame does not indicate the non-AP STA.
  • the second field is used to indicate non-AP STA information.
  • the second field may be Per AID TID Info(It receives a Multi-STA BlockAck frame that has none of the Per AID TID Info fields addressed to it);
  • a no-data PPDU announcement frame is received, and the third field included in the no-data PPDU announcement frame does not indicate the non-AP STA.
  • the third field is used to indicate non-AP STA information.
  • the third field may be STA Information Field (It receives a NDP Announcement frame that has none of the STA Info fields addressed to it).
  • Some individually addressed control frames are exclusive such as BA and BFR);
  • the above conditions are the switching rules applicable to SM PS.
  • the condition set includes both SM PS-based switching rules and EMLSR switching rules, making the rules of EMLSR and SM PS unified.
  • the non-AP STA switches to the listening operation mode.
  • the condition set can include the following conditions:
  • a unicast frame is received, and the destination address carried by the unicast frame is different from the address of the non-AP STA;
  • a frame is received, and the basic service set corresponding to the frame is different from the basic service set of the cell where the non-AP STA is located;
  • a multi-user block PPDU is received.
  • the multi-user block PPDU is an efficient multi-user block PPDU or an extremely high throughput multi-user block PPDU.
  • the basic service set indicated by the multi-user block PPDU is the same as the basic service set of the cell where the non-AP STA is located.
  • the multi-user block PPDU does not indicate that the non-AP STA is a receiving device, and the value of the basic service set prohibited field carried in the most recently received high-efficiency operation field by the non-AP STA is 0;
  • a multicast frame is received.
  • the multicast frame is different from the broadcast frame.
  • the receiving device indicated by the multicast frame does not include the non-AP STA;
  • a trigger frame is received, and the first field included in the trigger frame does not indicate the non-AP STA, and the first field is used to indicate user information;
  • a multi-user block acknowledgment frame is received, and the second field included in the multi-user block acknowledgment frame does not indicate the non-AP STA, The second field is used to indicate non-AP STA information;
  • a no-data PPDU announcement frame is received, and the third field included in the no-data PPDU announcement frame does not indicate the non-AP STA.
  • the third field is used to indicate non-AP STA information
  • the carrier sense mechanism indicates that the channel has been idle for a preset period of time.
  • Example 3.2 The condition set can include the following conditions:
  • a unicast frame is received, and the destination address carried by the unicast frame is different from the address of the non-AP STA;
  • a frame is received, and the basic service set corresponding to the frame is different from the basic service set of the cell where the non-AP STA is located;
  • a multi-user block PPDU is received.
  • the multi-user block PPDU is an efficient multi-user block PPDU or an extremely high throughput multi-user block PPDU.
  • the basic service set indicated by the multi-user block PPDU is the same as the basic service set of the cell where the non-AP STA is located.
  • the multi-user block PPDU does not indicate that the non-AP STA is a receiving device, and the value of the basic service set prohibited field carried in the most recently received high-efficiency operation field by the non-AP STA is 0;
  • a multicast frame is received.
  • the multicast frame is different from the broadcast frame.
  • the receiving device indicated by the multicast frame does not include the non-AP STA;
  • the carrier sense mechanism indicates that the channel has been idle for a preset period of time.
  • the condition set can include the following conditions:
  • a unicast frame is received, and the destination address carried by the unicast frame is different from the address of the non-AP STA;
  • a frame is received, and the basic service set corresponding to the frame is different from the basic service set of the cell where the non-AP STA is located;
  • a multi-user block PPDU is received.
  • the multi-user block PPDU is an efficient multi-user block PPDU or an extremely high throughput multi-user block PPDU.
  • the basic service set indicated by the multi-user block PPDU is the same as the basic service set of the cell where the non-AP STA is located.
  • the multi-user block PPDU does not indicate that the non-AP STA is a receiving device, and the value of the basic service set prohibited field carried in the most recently received high-efficiency operation field by the non-AP STA is 0;
  • a multicast frame is received.
  • the multicast frame is different from the broadcast frame.
  • the receiving device indicated by the multicast frame does not include the non-AP STA;
  • a broadcast frame is received, and the target receiving device indicated by the broadcast frame does not include the non-AP STA;
  • the carrier sense mechanism indicates that the channel has been idle for a preset period of time.
  • the first 4 conditions and the last condition in the above condition set are switching rules applicable to SM PS, and the remaining conditions are switching rules applicable to EMLSR.
  • the condition set includes both SM PS-based switching rules. Switching rules, including EMLSR switching rules, make the rules of EMLSR and SM PS unified.
  • the rules of EMLSR and SM PS can be unified.
  • non-AP STA can perform handover operations based on other multicast frames.
  • the information of the frame determines whether to switch to listening operation mode.
  • the embodiment of the present application can determine not to switch to the listening operation mode according to the information of the multicast frame after receiving the multicast frame. On the one hand, it can improve flexibility; on the other hand, it can ensure that multicast frames and subsequent frames can be received in time, improving the rationality of switching operations.
  • Embodiment 4 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 4:
  • FIG 7 it is a schematic flow chart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the non-AP STA determines whether to switch to the listening operation mode according to the first rule within the first time period.
  • the first beacon frame may be a beacon frame that transmits a service indication map.
  • a multicast frame indicating completion of transmission is received.
  • the non-AP STA determines to switch to the listening operation mode according to the second rule.
  • Switching to the listening operation mode may be determined according to the method described in the third embodiment above. For details, please refer to the relevant description in the method described in Figure 6 and will not be repeated here.
  • the non-AP STA determines to switch to the listening operation mode according to the second rule, such as the situations one to three described in the previous background.
  • the initial control frame may indicate whether the AP will send the multicast frame in the second time period.
  • the non-AP STA can determine to switch to the listening operation mode according to the rules for switching to the listening operation mode in the current IEEE 802.11be standard document.
  • first time period and the second time period there is no sequence between the first time period and the second time period, and the details may depend on the preset time (or the reception time of the first beacon frame) and the reception time of the initial control frame.
  • the first time period and the second time period may appear alternately. As shown in Figure 8.
  • the AP can trigger the non-AP STA to enter the first time period through the first beacon frame.
  • the AP can also trigger the non-AP STA to enter the second time period through the initial control frame.
  • multicast frames are sent intensively to non-AP STAs in a specific time period (i.e., the first time period), and different switching rules are adopted between this time period and the second time period, thereby ensuring that multicast frames are And subsequent frames can be received in time, and the loss of subsequent transmission opportunities can also be reduced.
  • Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 4 describe the method of switching to the listening operation mode from the perspective of a non-AP STA.
  • the AP can trigger the switching by sending some frames.
  • the AP can trigger the non-AP STA to switch to the listening operation mode by sending a frame that does not meet any of the conditions in the set of conditions described in Embodiment 1.
  • the AP can trigger the non-AP STA to switch to the listening operation mode by sending a frame that satisfies any condition of the set of conditions described in Embodiment 2.
  • the AP can trigger the non-AP STA to switch to the listening operation mode by sending a frame that satisfies any condition of the set of conditions described in Embodiment 3.
  • the AP can trigger the non-AP STA to switch to the listening operation mode by sending frames that meet the first rule in Embodiment 4 in the first time period, and can trigger the non-AP STA to switch to the listening operation mode in the second time period by sending Frames that meet the second rule in Embodiment 4 can trigger the non-AP STA to switch to the listening operation mode.
  • the broadcast frame is different from a trigger frame, a multi-user block confirmation frame, and a no-data PPDU announcement frame.
  • the frame type is a unicast frame, and the receiving address carried by the unicast frame is the address of the station;
  • the frame type is a trigger frame, and the trigger frame includes a first field used to indicate user information, and the first field indicates the site;
  • the frame type is a clear-to-send frame, and the receiving address carried by the clear-to-send frame is the address of the access point station associated with the station;
  • the communication module 901 is also configured to: receive a PPDU; the processing module 902 is also configured to: if the basic service set indicated by the PPDU is an external basic service set, switch to a listening operation.
  • the sending address of the frame is not the address of the access point station associated with the station;
  • the frame type is a broadcast frame, and the target receiving device indicated by the broadcast frame does not include the station;
  • the frame type is a multicast frame, the multicast frame is different from the broadcast frame, and the receiving device indicated by the multicast frame does not include the station.
  • the at least one condition includes at least one of the following two conditions:
  • the sending address of the frame is not the address of the access point station associated with the station;
  • the frame type is a multicast frame, the multicast frame is different from the broadcast frame, and the receiving device indicated by the multicast frame does not include the station.
  • the set of conditions also includes at least one of the following five conditions:
  • the frame type is a unicast frame, and the receiving address carried by the unicast frame is not the address of the station;
  • the frame type is a trigger frame, and the first field included in the trigger frame does not indicate the station, and the first field is used to indicate user information;
  • the frame type is a multi-user block acknowledgment frame, and the second field included in the multi-user block acknowledgment frame does not indicate the station, and the second field is used to indicate station information;
  • the frame type is a no-data PPDU announcement frame, and the third field included in the no-data PPDU announcement frame does not indicate the station, and the third field is used to indicate station information.
  • the communication module 901 is also configured to receive a PPDU; the processing module 902 is also configured to switch to a listening operation if the basic service set indicated by the PPDU is an external basic service set.
  • the communication device can be used to implement the method performed by the non-AP STA in the embodiment of Figure 6.
  • the device can be the non-AP STA itself, or it can be a chip or chip in the non-AP STA. A part of a group or chip that performs the function of the associated method.
  • the processing module 902 is used to determine that any condition in the condition set is met; and switch to the listening operation mode; wherein the condition set includes the following conditions: a multicast frame is received, and the multicast frame is different from the broadcast The frames are different, and the receiving device indicated by the multicast frame does not include the station.
  • a no-data PPDU announcement frame is received, and the third field included in the no-data PPDU announcement frame does not indicate the station, and the third field is used to indicate station information.
  • the set of conditions also includes the following conditions:
  • the set of conditions also includes at least one of the following conditions:
  • the high-efficiency multi-user block PPDU is received, the basic service set indicated by the high-efficiency multi-user block PPDU is different from the basic service set of the cell where the station is located, the high-efficiency multi-user block PPDU does not indicate that the station is a receiving device, and the The value of the basic service set prohibited domain carried in the most recent efficient operation domain received by the site is 0;
  • the carrier sense mechanism indicates that the channel has been idle for a preset period of time.
  • the communication device can be used to implement the method performed by the non-AP STA in the embodiment of Figure 7.
  • the device can be the non-AP STA itself, or it can be a chip or chip in the non-AP STA. A part of a group or chip that performs the function of the associated method.
  • the processing module 902 is used to determine whether to switch to the listening operation mode according to the first rule within a first time period, and the starting time of the first time period is the preset time or the reception of the first beacon frame. time, the first time period is used to receive multicast frames; and, within the second time period, determine whether to switch to the listening operation mode according to the second rule, and the starting moment of the second time period is the initial control Frame reception time.
  • the processing module 902 when determining whether to switch to the listening operation mode according to the first rule, is specifically used to:
  • the first condition set includes at least one of the following:
  • the first beacon frame is a beacon frame that transmits a service indication map.
  • each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit. In the device, it can exist physically alone, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module.
  • the above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or software function modules. It can be understood that, for the functions or implementation of each module in the embodiments of this application, further reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of the method embodiments.
  • the communication device may be as shown in Figure 10 .
  • the device may be a communication device or a chip in the communication device.
  • the communication device may be a terminal device in the above embodiment or may be a terminal device in the above embodiment.
  • the device includes a processor 1001 and a communication interface 1002, and may also include a memory 1003.
  • the processing module 902 may be the processor 1001.
  • the communication module 901 may be the communication interface 1002.
  • the processor 1001 and the memory 1003 can also be integrated together.
  • the processor 1001 may be a CPU, a digital processing module, or the like.
  • the communication interface 1002 may be a transceiver, an interface circuit such as a transceiver circuit, or a transceiver chip, or the like.
  • the device also includes: a memory 1003 for storing programs executed by the processor 1001.
  • the memory 1003 can be a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), or a volatile memory (volatile memory), such as a random access memory (random access memory). -access memory, RAM).
  • Memory 1003 is, but is not limited to, any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer.
  • connection medium between the above-mentioned communication interface 1002, processor 1001 and memory 1003 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the memory 1003, the processor 1001 and the communication interface 1002 are connected through a bus 1004 in Figure 10.
  • the bus is represented by a thick line in Figure 10.
  • the connection methods between other components are only schematically explained. , is not limited.
  • the bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of presentation, only one thick line is used in Figure 10, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a communication system, including a communication device for realizing the functions of the sender in the embodiment of FIG. 4 and a communication device for realizing the functions of the receiver in the embodiment of FIG. 4 .
  • These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that causes a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including the instruction means, the instructions
  • the device implements the functions specified in a process or processes of the flowchart and/or a block or blocks of the block diagram.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种基于多链路的通信方法及装置，用于解决MLO中切换操作不合理的问题。本申请应用于支持IEEE 802.11ax下一代Wi-Fi协议，如802.11be，Wi-Fi 7或EHT，再如802.11be下一代，Wi-Fi 8，Wi-Fi AI等802.11系列协议的无线局域网系统，还可以应用于基于UWB的无线个人局域网系统，感知系统。该方法通过在条件集合中增加触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧以外的其他组播帧的相关条件，使得non-AP STA进行切换操作时可以根据其他组播帧的信息确定是否切换为侦听操作模式。

Description

一种基于多链路的通信方法及装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2022年06月16日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210689577.2、申请名称为“一种基于多链路的通信方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种基于多链路的通信方法及装置。
背景技术
为了达到极高吞吐率的技术目标，目前引入了多链路操作(multi-link operation，MLO)技术。在MLO技术中，一个非无线接入点多链路设备(non-access point multi-link device，non-AP MLD)只具备单无线电链(radio chain)收发能力，但它可以同时在多个链路(link)上进入侦听操作(Listening Operation)。在侦听操作中，non-AP MLD在每一条链路上都用一路radio chain来接收。当无线接入点多链路设备(access point multi-link device，AP MLD)在任何一条链路i上给该non-AP MLD成功发送初始控制帧(Initial Control Frame)后，该non-AP MLD将所有radio chain切换到链路i上与该AP MLD进行帧交互，并在帧交互结束后切换回各个链路进行侦听操作。
non-AP MLD在与AP进行帧交互的过程中，若收到一个组播帧，将会切换回(switch back)到各个链路执行侦听操作。这将导致该组播帧之后发送给该on-AP MLD的帧均无法被接收。
发明内容
本申请提供一种基于多链路的通信方法及装置，用于解决MLO中切换操作不合理的问题。
第一方面，本申请提供一种基于多链路的通信方法，该方法的执行主体可以是接收侧设备例如non-AP MLD，具体可以是non-AP MLD中的站点non-AP STA，也可以是芯片或电路或用于实现接收侧设备的功能的其他部件。以non-AP STA为例，该方法包括：在第一时长内接收到第一物理层协议数据单元(PHY protocol data unit，PPDU)，第一PPDU包括第一帧；若所述第一帧不满足条件集合中所有条件，切换为侦听操作模式；其中，所述条件集合中至少一个条件为组播帧的帧信息，所述组播帧与触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧不同。
本申请实施例中通过在条件集合中增加触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧以外的其他组播帧的相关条件，使得non-AP STA进行切换操作时可以根据其他组播帧的信息确定是否切换为侦听操作模式。相比于现有技术中在接收到组播帧后直接切换为侦听操作模式，本申请实施例可以在接收到组播帧后根据组播帧的信息确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，例如在接收到的组播帧不满足条件集合的所有条件时切换为侦听操作模式， 反之，在接收到的组播帧满足条件集合的任一条件时不切换为侦听操作模式，一方面可以提升灵活性，另一方面可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收，提升切换操作的合理性。
一种可能的设计中，所述至少一个条件包括：帧类型为组播帧，所述组播帧与广播帧不同，换句话说，所述组播帧不是广播帧，所述组播帧指示的接收设备包括所述站点。
如果不满足上述条件，则non-AP STA切换为侦听操作模式，反言之，如果满足上述条件，则non-AP STA不会切换为侦听操作模式，也即non-AP STA可以在接收到发送给自己的组播帧的情况下确定不切换为侦听操作模式，从而可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。并且，通过上述条件使得non-AP STA在接收到不是发给自己的组播帧的情况下可以及时切换为侦听操作模式，从而可以降低使用其他链路与接入点通信的时延。
一种可能的设计中，所述至少一个条件包括：帧类型为广播帧，所述广播帧携带的发送地址为所述站点所关联的接入点的地址；或者，帧类型为广播帧，所述广播帧指示的接收设备包括所述站点。
如果不满足上述条件，则non-AP STA切换为侦听操作模式，反言之，如果满足上述条件，则non-AP STA不会切换为侦听操作模式，也即non-AP STA可以在接收到发送给自己的广播帧或者自己关联的接入点发送的广播帧的情况下确定不切换为侦听操作模式，从而可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。
并且，通过上述条件，可以覆盖触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧，从而条件集合中可以不用单独列出触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧的条件，因此通过上述条件可以简化协议描述，降低实现复杂度。
一种可能的设计中，所述广播帧与触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧不同。通过上述方式可以避免与目前的切换规则逻辑冲突或者重复。
一种可能的设计中，所述条件集合还包括如下五个条件中至少一个：
帧类型为单播帧，且所述单播帧携带的接收地址为所述站点的地址；
帧类型为触发帧，且所述触发帧中包括用于指示用户信息的第一字段，所述第一字段指示所述站点；
帧类型为清除发送帧，且所述清除发送帧携带的接收地址为所述站点关联的接入点站点的地址；
帧类型为多用户块确认帧，且所述多用户块确认帧包括用于指示站点信息的第二字段，所述第二字段指示所述站点；
帧类型为无数据PPDU宣称帧，且所述无数据PPDU宣称帧包括用于指示站点信息的第三字段，所述第三字段指示所述站点。
第二方面，本申请提供一种基于多链路的通信方法，该方法的执行主体可以是接收侧设备例如non-AP MLD，具体可以是non-AP MLD中的站点non-AP STA，也可以是芯片或电路或用于实现接收侧设备的功能的其他部件。以non-AP STA为例，该方法包括：在第一时长内接收到第一PPDU，第一PPDU包括第一帧；若所述第一帧满足条件集合中任一条件，切换为侦听操作模式；其中，所述条件集合包括中至少一个条件对应的帧类型范围包括组播帧，所述组播帧与触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据物理层协议数据单元PPDU宣称帧不同。
本申请实施例中通过在条件集合中增加可以覆盖触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据 PPDU宣称帧以外的其他组播帧的条件，使得non-AP STA进行切换操作时可以根据其他组播帧的信息确定是否切换为侦听操作模式。相比于现有技术中在接收到组播帧后直接切换为侦听操作模式，本申请实施例可以在接收到组播帧后根据组播帧的信息确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，例如，上述方法中在满足条件集合的任一条件时切换为侦听操作模式，反之，在不满足条件集合的所有条件时不切换为侦听操作模式，一方面可以提升灵活性，另一方面可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收，提升切换操作的合理性。
一种可能的设计中，所述至少一个条件包括如下三个条件中至少一个：
帧的发送地址不是所述站点关联的接入点站点的地址；
帧类型为广播帧，且所述广播帧指示的目标接收设备不包括所述站点；
帧类型为组播帧，所述组播帧与广播帧不同，且所述组播帧指示的接收设备不包括所述站点。
通过上述设计，如果满足以上条件之一，则non-AP STA切换为侦听操作模式，换言之，如果不满足以上条件，则表明第一帧是发送给自己的组播帧，non-AP STA可以在接收到发送给自己的组播帧的情况下确定不切换为侦听操作模式，从而可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。
一种可能的设计中，所述至少一个条件包括如下两个条件中至少一个：
帧的发送地址不是所述站点关联的接入点站点的地址；
帧类型为组播帧，所述组播帧与广播帧不同，且所述组播帧指示的接收设备不包括所述站点。
通过该方式，一方面可以简化协议描述，降低实现复杂度。另一方面，可以使得non-AP STA可以在接收到发送给自己的组播帧的情况下确定不切换为侦听操作模式，从而可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。
一种可能的设计中，所述条件集合还包括如下五个条件中至少一个：
帧类型为单播帧，且所述单播帧携带的接收地址不是所述站点的地址；
帧类型为触发帧，且所述触发帧中包括的第一字段未指示所述站点，所述第一字段用于指示用户信息；
帧类型为清除发送帧，且所述清除发送帧携带的接收地址不是所述站点关联的接入点站点的地址；
帧类型为多用户块确认帧，且所述多用户块确认帧包括的第二字段未指示所述站点，所述第二字段用于指示站点信息；
帧类型为无数据PPDU宣称帧，且所述无数据PPDU宣称帧包括的第三字段未指示所述站点，所述第三字段用于指示站点信息。
通过该方式，可以使得non-AP STA可以在接收到发送给自己的组播帧的情况下确定不切换为侦听操作模式，从而可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。
第三方面，本申请提供一种基于多链路的通信方法，该方法的执行主体可以是接收侧设备例如non-AP MLD，具体可以是non-AP MLD中的站点non-AP STA，也可以是芯片或电路或用于实现接收侧设备的功能的其他部件。以non-AP STA为例，该方法包括：接收PPDU；若所述PPDU指示的基本服务集为外基本服务集，切换为侦听操作。
目前切换为侦听操作模式的规则大都是基于MAC层信息的，承载于数据部分。而inter-BSS PPDU可以通过物理层SIG字段判定出来，SIG字段在PPDU中的位置位于数据 部分之前，因此，上述方式中，通过在检测到inter-BSS PPDU时切换为侦听操作模式，可以不用继续解析位于PPDU数据部分的MAC内容，从而可以及时进行切换，有利于降低使用其它链路与AP进行通信的时延。
第四方面，本申请提供一种基于多链路的通信方法，该方法的执行主体可以是接收侧设备例如non-AP MLD，具体可以是non-AP MLD中的站点non-AP STA，也可以是芯片或电路或用于实现接收侧设备的功能的其他部件。以non-AP STA为例，该方法包括：确定满足条件集合中的任一条件；切换为侦听操作模式；其中，所述条件集合包括如下条件：接收到组播帧，所述组播帧与广播帧不同，所述组播帧指示的接收设备不包括所述站点。
本申请实施例中通过增加可以覆盖触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧以外的其他组播帧的条件，使得non-AP STA进行切换操作时可以根据其他组播帧的信息确定是否切换为侦听操作模式。相比于现有技术中在接收到组播帧后直接切换为侦听操作模式，本申请实施例可以在接收到组播帧后根据组播帧的信息确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，一方面可以提升灵活性，另一方面可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收，提升切换操作的合理性。
一种可能的设计中，所述条件集合中还包括如下三个条件中至少一个：
接收到触发帧，所述触发帧中包括的第一字段未指示所述站点，所述第一字段用于指示用户信息；
接收到多用户块确认帧，且所述多用户块确认帧包括的第二字段未指示所述站点，所述第二字段用于指示站点信息；
接收到无数据PPDU宣称帧，且所述无数据PPDU宣称帧包括的第三字段未指示所述站点，所述第三字段用于指示站点信息。
一种可能的设计中，所述条件集合包括如下条件：
接收到广播帧，且所述广播帧指示的目标接收设备不包括所述站点。
通过增加可以覆盖触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧以外的其他组播帧的条件，使得non-AP STA进行切换操作时可以根据其他组播帧的信息确定是否切换为侦听操作模式。
一种可能的设计中，所述条件集合还包括如下条件：
接收到极高吞吐量多用户块PPDU，所述极高吞吐量多用户块PPDU指示的基本服务集与所述站点所在小区的基本服务集相同，所述极高吞吐量多用户块PPDU未指示所述站点为接收设备，所述站点最近一次接收到的高效操作域中携带的基本服务集禁止域的取值为0。
上述设计通过完善条件集合，可以提升切换操作的合理性。
一种可能的设计中，所述条件集合还包括如下条件中至少一个：
接收到单播帧，所述单播帧携带的目的地址与所述站点的地址不同；
接收到帧，所述帧所携带的发送地址与发起当前传输机会的帧所携带的发送地址不同；
接收到帧，所述帧对应的基本服务集与所述站点所在小区的基本服务集不同；
接收到高效多用户块PPDU，所述高效多用户块PPDU指示的基本服务集与所述站点所在小区的基本服务集不同，所述高效多用户块PPDU未指示所述站点为接收设备，所述站点最近一次接收到的高效操作域中携带的基本服务集禁止域的取值为0；
载波侦听机制指示信道已经持续空闲时间到达预设时长。
第五方面，本申请提供一种基于多链路的通信方法，该方法的执行主体可以是接收侧设备例如non-AP MLD，具体可以是non-AP MLD中的站点non-AP STA，也可以是芯片或电路或用于实现接收侧设备的功能的其他部件。以non-AP STA为例，该方法包括：在第一时间段内，根据第一规则确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，所述第一时间段的起始时刻为预设时间或者第一信标帧的接收时间，所述第一时间段用于接收组播帧；在第二时间段内，根据第二规则确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，所述第二时间段的起始时刻为初始控制帧的接收时间。
本申请实施例中通过在特定的时间段(即第一时间段)集中向non-AP STA发送组播帧，并且该时间段与第二时间段采用不同的切换规则，从而可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收，并且还可以降低后面传输机会的损失。
一种可能的设计中，所述根据第一规则确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，包括：
若满足第一条件集合中任一条件，则切换为侦听操作模式；
其中，所述第一条件集合包括如下至少一项：
接收到指示传输完毕的组播帧；
定时器超时，所述定时器的启动时间为所述第一时间段的起始时刻；
所述站点关联的第一接入点站点从所述第一时间段的起始时刻开始的传输时机总长度达到预设时长。
通过上述设计可以及时切换为侦听操作模式，从而可以及时通过其他链路与接入点进行通信。
一种可能的设计中，所述预设时间为预先获取的所述第一信标帧的发送时间。
一种可能的设计中，所述第一信标帧为传送业务指示图信标帧。
一种可能的设计中，第一时间段和第二时间段的启动可以取决于第一信标帧(或者预设时间)和初始控制帧的接收时间。
一种可能的设计中，non-AP STA在第一时间段内若接收到组播帧，且组播帧中指示“未传输完毕”，则在该链路继续接收组播帧。
一种可能的设计中，所述根据第二规则确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，包括：
在所述第二时间段的第一时长内接收到第一帧；
若所述第一帧不满足第二条件集合中所有条件，则切换为侦听操作模式。
一种可能的设计中，所述第二条件集合包括如下条件中至少一个：
帧类型为广播帧，所述广播帧与触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧不同，所述广播帧携带的发送地址为所述站点所关联的接入点站点的地址；
帧类型为组播帧，所述组播帧与广播帧不同，所述组播帧指示的接收设备包括所述站点；
帧类型为单播帧，所述单播帧携带的接收地址为所述站点的地址；
帧类型为触发帧，所述触发帧中包括用于指示用户信息的第一字段，所述第一字段指示所述站点；
帧类型为清除发送帧，所述清除发送帧携带的接收地址为所述站点关联的接入点站点的地址；
帧类型为多用户块确认帧，所述多用户块确认帧包括用于指示站点信息的第二字段，所述第二字段指示所述站点；
帧类型为无数据PPDU宣称帧，所述无数据PPDU宣称帧包括用于指示站点信息的第三字段，所述第三字段指示所述站点。
通过增加组播帧的两个条件，使得non-AP STA可以在接收到不满足上述条件集合的组播帧时切换为侦听操作模式，反之，在接收到满足上述条件集合的组播帧时不切换为侦听操作模式，从而可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。并且，通过上述两个条件使得non-AP STA在接收到不是发给自己的组播帧的情况下可以及时切换为侦听操作模式，从而可以降低使用其他链路与接入点通信的时延。
一种可能的设计中，所述第二条件集合包括如下条件中至少一个：
帧类型为广播帧，所述广播帧携带的发送地址为所述站点所关联的接入点站点的地址；
帧类型为组播帧，所述组播帧与广播帧不同，所述组播帧指示的接收设备包括所述站点；
帧类型为单播帧，且所述单播帧携带的接收地址为所述站点的地址；
帧类型为清除发送帧，且所述清除发送帧携带的接收地址为所述站点关联的接入点站点的地址。
上述条件可以覆盖触发帧、多用户块确认帧和无数据PPDU宣称帧以及其他组播帧，使得第二条件集合可以不用单独列出触发帧、多用户块确认帧和无数据PPDU宣称帧的条件，从而可以简化协议描述，降低实现复杂度。还可以使得non-AP STA可以在接收到发送给自己的组播帧的情况下确定不切换为侦听操作模式，从而可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。
一种可能的设计中，所述第二条件集合包括如下条件中至少一个：
帧类型为广播帧，所述广播帧指示的接收设备包括所述站点；
帧类型为组播帧，所述组播帧与广播帧不同，所述组播帧指示的接收设备包括所述站点。
帧类型为单播帧，所述单播帧携带的接收地址为所述站点的地址；
帧类型为清除发送帧，且所述清除发送帧携带的接收地址为所述站点关联的接入点站点的地址。
上述条件可以覆盖触发帧、多用户块确认帧和无数据PPDU宣称帧以及其他组播帧，使得第二条件集合可以不用单独列出触发帧、多用户块确认帧和无数据PPDU宣称帧的条件，从而可以简化协议描述，降低实现复杂度。还可以使得non-AP STA可以在接收到发送给自己的组播帧的情况下确定不切换为侦听操作模式，从而可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。
一种可能的设计中，所述根据第二规则确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，包括：
接收第二帧；
若所述第二帧满足第三条件集合中任一条件，则切换为侦听操作模式。
一种可能的设计中，所述第三条件集合包括如下条件中至少一个：
帧的发送地址不是所述站点关联的接入点站点的地址；
帧类型为广播帧，所述广播帧与触发帧、多用户块确认帧、以及无数据PPDU宣称帧不同，所述广播帧指示的目标接收设备不包括所述站点；
帧类型为组播帧，所述组播帧与广播帧不同，所述组播帧指示的接收设备不包括所述站点；
帧类型为单播帧，所述单播帧携带的接收地址不是所述站点的地址；
帧类型为触发帧，所述触发帧中包括的第一字段未指示所述站点，所述第一字段用于指示用户信息；
帧类型为清除发送帧，所述清除发送帧携带的接收地址不是所述站点关联的接入点站点的地址；
帧类型为多用户块确认帧，所述多用户块确认帧包括的第二字段未指示所述站点，所述第二字段用于指示站点信息；
帧类型为无数据PPDU宣称帧，所述无数据PPDU宣称帧包括的第三字段未指示所述站点，所述第三字段用于指示站点信息。
通过增加可以覆盖其他组播帧的条件，使得non-AP STA可以在接收到不是发送给自己的组播帧的情况下确定切换为侦听操作模式，在接收到发送给自己的组播帧的情况下确定不切换为侦听操作模式，从而可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。
一种可能的设计中，所述第三条件集合包括如下条件中至少一个：
帧的发送地址不是所述站点关联的接入点站点的地址；
帧类型为组播帧，所述组播帧与广播帧不同，所述组播帧指示的接收设备不包括所述站点；
帧类型为单播帧，所述单播帧携带的接收地址不是所述站点的地址；
帧类型为触发帧，所述触发帧中包括的第一字段未指示所述站点，所述第一字段用于指示用户信息；
帧类型为清除发送帧，所述清除发送帧携带的接收地址不是所述站点关联的接入点站点的地址；
帧类型为多用户块确认帧，所述多用户块确认帧包括的第二字段未指示所述站点，所述第二字段用于指示站点信息；
帧类型为无数据PPDU宣称帧，所述无数据PPDU宣称帧包括的第三字段未指示所述站点，所述第三字段用于指示站点信息。
通过该示例，可以使得non-AP STA可以在接收到不是发送给自己的组播帧的情况下确定切换为侦听操作模式，在接收到发送给自己的组播帧的情况下确定不切换为侦听操作模式，从而可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。
一种可能的设计中，所述第三条件集合包括如下条件中至少一个：
帧的发送地址不是所述站点关联的接入点站点的地址；
帧类型为组播帧，所述组播帧指示的接收设备不包括所述站点；
帧类型为单播帧，所述单播帧携带的接收地址不是所述站点的地址；
帧类型为清除发送帧，所述清除发送帧携带的接收地址不是所述站点关联的接入点站点的地址。
上述条件可以覆盖触发帧、多用户块确认帧和无数据PPDU宣称帧以及其他组播帧，使得第三条件集合可以不用单独列出触发帧、多用户块确认帧和无数据PPDU宣称帧的条件，从而可以简化协议描述，降低实现复杂度。还可以使得non-AP STA可以在接收到不是发送给自己的组播帧的情况下确定切换为侦听操作模式，在接收到发送给自己的组播帧的情况下确定不切换为侦听操作模式，从而可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。
一种可能的设计中，所述第三条件集合包括如下条件中至少一个：
接收到组播帧，所述组播帧与广播帧不同，所述组播帧指示的接收设备不包括所述站点；
接收到触发帧，所述触发帧中包括的第一字段未指示所述站点，所述第一字段用于指示用户信息；
接收到多用户块确认帧，且所述多用户块确认帧包括的第二字段未指示所述站点，所述第二字段用于指示站点信息；
接收到无数据PPDU宣称帧，且所述无数据PPDU宣称帧包括的第三字段未指示所述站点，所述第三字段用于指示站点信息；
接收到单播帧，所述单播帧携带的目的地址与所述站点的地址不同；
接收到帧，所述帧所携带的发送地址与发起当前传输机会的帧所携带的发送地址不同；
接收到帧，所述帧对应的基本服务集与所述站点所在小区的基本服务集不同；
接收到PPDU，所述PPDU为高效多用户块PPDU或者极高吞吐量多用户块PPDU，所述PPDU指示的基本服务集与所述站点所在小区的基本服务集相同，所述PPDU未指示所述站点为接收设备，所述站点最近一次接收到的高效操作域中携带的基本服务集禁止域的取值为0；
载波侦听机制指示信道已经持续空闲时间到达预设时长。
通过增加可以覆盖触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧以外的其他组播帧的条件，使得non-AP STA进行切换操作时可以根据其他组播帧的信息确定是否切换为侦听操作模式。相比于现有技术中在接收到组播帧后直接切换为侦听操作模式，可以在接收到组播帧后根据组播帧的信息确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，一方面可以提升灵活性，另一方面可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收，提升切换操作的合理性。
一种可能的设计中，所述第三条件集合包括如下条件中至少一个：
接收到组播帧，所述组播帧指示的接收设备不包括所述站点；
接收到单播帧，所述单播帧携带的目的地址与所述站点的地址不同；
接收到帧，所述帧所携带的发送地址与发起当前传输机会的帧所携带的发送地址不同；
接收到帧，所述帧对应的基本服务集与所述站点所在小区的基本服务集不同；
接收到PPDU，所述PPDU为高效多用户块PPDU或者极高吞吐量多用户块PPDU，所述PPDU指示的基本服务集与所述站点所在小区的基本服务集不同，所述PPDU未指示所述站点为接收设备，所述站点最近一次接收到的高效操作域中携带的基本服务集禁止域的取值为0；
载波侦听机制指示信道已经持续空闲时间到达预设时长。
上述条件可以覆盖触发帧、多用户块确认帧和无数据PPDU宣称帧以及其他组播帧，使得第三条件集合可以不用单独列出触发帧、多用户块确认帧和无数据PPDU宣称帧的条件，从而可以简化协议描述，降低实现复杂度。还可以使得non-AP STA可以在接收到发送给自己的组播帧的情况下确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，从而可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。
一种可能的设计中，所述第三条件集合包括如下条件中至少一个：
接收到组播帧，所述组播帧与广播帧不同，所述组播帧指示的接收设备不包括所述站点；
接收到广播帧，且所述广播帧指示的目标接收设备不包括所述站点；
接收到帧，所述帧所携带的发送地址与发起当前传输机会的帧所携带的发送地址不同；
接收到帧，所述帧对应的基本服务集与所述站点所在小区的基本服务集不同；
接收到PPDU，所述PPDU为高效多用户块PPDU或者极高吞吐量多用户块PPDU，所述PPDU指示的基本服务集与所述站点所在小区的基本服务集不同，所述PPDU未指示所述站点为接收设备，所述站点最近一次接收到的高效操作域中携带的基本服务集禁止域的取值为0；
载波侦听机制指示信道已经持续空闲时间到达预设时长。
上述条件可以覆盖触发帧、多用户块确认帧和无数据PPDU宣称帧以及其他组播帧，使得第三条件集合可以不用单独列出触发帧、多用户块确认帧和无数据PPDU宣称帧的条件，从而可以简化协议描述，降低实现复杂度。还可以使得non-AP STA可以在接收到发送给自己的组播帧的情况下确定不切换为侦听操作模式，从而可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。
一种可能的设计中，若所述初始控制帧指示所述第二时间段包括组播帧，根据第二条件集合或第三条件集合确定是否切换为侦听操作模式。
一种可能的设计中，若所述初始控制帧指示所述第二时间段不包括组播帧，根据第二规则确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，可以包括：
接收第三帧；
若所述第三帧不满足第四条件集合中所有条件，则切换为侦听操作模式。
所述第四条件集合包括如下条件中至少一个：
帧类型为单播帧，且所述单播帧携带的接收地址为所述站点的地址；
帧类型为触发帧，且所述触发帧中包括用于指示用户信息的第一字段，所述第一字段指示所述站点；
帧类型为清除发送帧，且所述清除发送帧携带的接收地址为所述站点关联的接入点站点的地址；
帧类型为多用户块确认帧，且所述多用户块确认帧包括用于指示站点信息的第二字段，所述第二字段指示所述站点；
帧类型为无数据PPDU宣称帧，且所述无数据PPDU宣称帧包括用于指示站点信息的第三字段，所述第三字段指示所述站点。
第六方面，本申请还提供一种基于多链路的通信装置，该通信装置具有实现上述第一方面至第五方面中任一方面提供的任一方法。该通信装置可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的单元或模块。
在一种可能的设计中，该通信装置包括：处理器，该处理器被配置为支持该通信装置执行以上所示方法中non-AP STA的相应功能。该通信装置还可以包括存储器，该存储可以与处理器耦合，其保存该通信装置必要的程序指令和数据。可选地，该通信装置还包括接口电路，该接口电路用于支持该通信装置与其他设备之间的通信。
在一种可能的设计中，该通信装置包括相应的功能模块，分别用于实现以上方法中的步骤。功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
在一种可能的设计中，通信装置的结构中包括处理模块和通信模块，这些模块可以执行上述方法示例中相应功能，具体参见第一方面至第五方面中任一方面提供的方法中的描 述，此处不做赘述。
第七方面，提供了一种基于多链路的通信装置，包括处理器和接口电路，接口电路用于接收来自该通信装置之外的其它通信装置的信号并传输至该处理器或将来自该处理器的信号发送给该通信装置之外的其它通信装置，该处理器通过逻辑电路或执行代码指令用于实现前述第一方面至第五方面中任一方面以及任意可能的设计中的方法。
第八方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序或指令，当该计算机程序或指令被处理器执行时，实现前述第一方面至第五方面中任一方面以及任意可能的设计中的方法。
第九方面，提供了一种存储有指令的计算机程序产品，当该指令被处理器运行时，实现前述第一方面至第五方面中任一方面以及任意可能的设计中的方法。
第十方面，提供一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器，还可以包括存储器，用于实现前述第一方面至第五方面中任一方面以及任意可能的设计的方法。该芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
第十一方面，提供一种通信系统，所述系统包括第一方面所述的装置(如non-AP MLD或者non-AP STA)，还可以包括AP MLD或者接入点。
第十二方面，提供一种通信系统，所述系统包括第二方面所述的装置(如non-AP MLD或者non-AP STA)，还可以包括AP MLD或者接入点。
第十三方面，提供一种通信系统，所述系统包括第三方面所述的装置(如non-AP MLD或者non-AP STA)，还可以包括AP MLD或者接入点。
第十四方面，提供一种通信系统，所述系统包括第四方面所述的装置(如non-AP MLD或者non-AP STA)，还可以包括AP MLD或者接入点。
第十五方面，提供一种通信系统，所述系统包括第五方面所述的装置(如non-AP MLD或者non-AP STA)，还可以包括AP MLD或者接入点。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例适用的一种MLO示意图；
图2为本申请实施例适用的一种切换操作示意图；
图3为本申请实施例适用的一种通信系统的架构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例适用的一种MLO通信方法的流程示意图；
图5为本申请实施例适用的一种MLO通信方法的流程示意图；
图6为本申请实施例适用的一种MLO通信方法的流程示意图；
图7为本申请实施例适用的一种MLO通信方法的流程示意图；
图8为本申请实施例适用的一种第一时间段和第二时间段的示意图；
图9为本申请实施例适用的一种MLO通信装置的结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例适用的一种MLO通信装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请实施例作进一步地详细描述。
以下，对本申请实施例中的部分用语进行解释说明，以便于本领域技术人员理解。
1、多链路操作(multi-link operation，MLO)
MLO支持无线局域网(wireless local area network，WLAN)设备拥有在多频段(Multi-band)发送和接收的能力。多频段可以包括但不限于：2.4GHz无线保真(Wireless-Fidelity，Wi-Fi)频段、5GHz Wi-Fi频段以及6GHz Wi-Fi频段。在每一个频段上所进行接入和传输可以称为一个链路，或者在同一个频段上的一个频率区间上进行的接入和传输可以称为一个链路，由多条链路所构成的接入和传输可以称为MLO。将同时支持多条链路的设备称为多链路设备(multi-link device，MLD)，MLD中负责任何一条链路的内部实体称为站点(STA)。如果某MLD内部的所有STA是无线接入点(access point，AP)，则可以进一步将MLD称其为AP MLD；如果某MLD内部的所有STA是非无线接入点站点(non-AP STA)，则可以进一步称其为non-AP MLD。如图1所示的示例中包含两个MLD：MLD A和MLD B。其中每一个MLD都有N个链路。
2、增强单无线电多链路(enhanced multi-link single radio，EMLSR)
如图2所示，一个非无线接入点多链路设备(non-access point multi-link device，non-AP MLD)只具备单radio chain收发能力，但它可以同时在多个链路上进入侦听操作(listening operation)。在侦听操作中，non-AP MLD在每一条链路上都用一路radio chain来接收。当AP MLD在任何一条链路i上给这个non-AP MLD成功发送初始控制帧(Initial Control Frame)后，这个non-AP MLD将所有radio chain切换到链路i上与AP MLD进行帧交互，帧交互结束后将radio chain切换回(switch back)各个链路返回侦听操作。
3、无线电链(radio chain)
radio chain为能够作为接收链(receive chain)和/或传输链(transmit chain)的物理实体。
receive chain为实现信号处理以向数字基带提供接收信号的物理实体。信号处理包括滤波、放大、下转换和采样等。
transmit chain为实现信号处理以从数字基带产生传输信号的物理实体。信号处理包括数模转换、滤波、放大和上转换等。
示例性的，radio chain可以为无线或无线电等。
4、组播帧和广播帧
一种示例性说明中，组播帧是面向多个站点的帧，组播帧的MAC地址对应多个站点。广播帧是MAC地址指示广播地址时的一种组播帧。也就是，组播帧包括广播帧，广播帧是一种特殊的组播帧。
另一种示例性说明中，组播帧是面向一组站点的帧，广播帧是面向所有站点的帧，组播帧和广播帧是两种不同的帧类型。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例为了描述上的方便，以组播帧包括广播帧为例介绍本申请提供的方案，应理解的，本申请实施例也以组播帧和广播帧是两种不同的帧类型为例进行描述。例如，下文中以组播帧包括广播帧为例的一种描述为“帧类型为组播帧，所述组播帧与广播帧不同，所述组播帧指示的接收设备包括所述站点”，若将该方案以组播帧和广播帧是两种不同的帧类型为例进行描述，则为“帧类型为组播帧，所述组播帧指示的接收设备包括所述站点”。
本申请实施例中“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”， 描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B的情况，其中A，B可以是单数或者复数。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a,b,或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a，b，c，a和b，a和c，b和c，或a和b和c，其中a,b,c可以是单个，也可以是多个。
以及，除非有相反的说明，本申请实施例提及“第一”、“第二”等序数词是用于对多个对象进行区分，不用于限定多个对象的大小、内容、顺序、时序、优先级或者重要程度等。例如，第一时间段和第二时间段，只是为了区分不同的时间段，而并不是表示这两个时间段的优先级、时间先后或者重要程度等的不同。
为了便于描述，本申请实施例中以MLD中的一个站点为例进行说明。一种举例说明中，本申请实施例所述的站点可以是支持EMLSR的MLD中的一个STA。其中，non-AP MLD中的站点可以称为non-AP STA，AP MLD中的站点可以称为AP。
下面介绍本申请实施例涉及的技术特征。
IEEE 802.11be标准工作组提出了一种EMLSR工作机制：当non-AP MLD在满足下述情况之一时必须立即将天线切换回到各个链路执行侦听操作：
情况一，在non-AP STA回复最近一个来自AP的帧开始，或者non-AP STA接收最近一个来自AP的不需要non-AP STA进行立即回复的帧开始，non-AP STA在超时时长内没有收到物理层开启接收的指示(PHY-RXSTART.indication)。其中，超时时长＝短帧间间隔(short inter frame space，SIFS)时长(aSIFSTime)+时隙时长(aSlotTime)+物理层开始接收延时(aRxPHYStartDelay)。(The MAC of the STA affiliated with the non-AP MLD that received the initial Control frame does not receive a PHY-RXSTART.indication primitive during a timeout interval of aSIFSTime+aSlotTime+aRxPHYStartDelay starting at the end of the PPDU transmitted by the STA of the non-AP MLD as a response to the most recently received frame from the AP affiliated with the AP MLD or starting at the end of the reception of the PPDU containing a frame for the STA from the AP affiliated with the AP MLD that does not require immediate acknowledgement)。
情况二，n在non-AP STA回复最近一个来自AP的帧开始，或者non-AP STA接收最近一个来自AP的不需要non-AP STA进行立即回复的帧开始，non-AP STA在超时时长内收到物理层开启接收的指示。但是non-AP STA在接收该物理层开启接收的指示所对应的PPDU的过程中，没有检测到下述任何一种帧(The MAC of the STA affiliated with the non-AP MLD that received the initial Control frame receives a PHY-RXSTART.indication primitive during a timeout interval of aSIFSTime+aSlotTime+aRxPHYStartDelay starting at the end of the PPDU transmitted by the STA of the non-AP MLD as a response to the most recently received frame from the AP affiliated with the AP MLD or starting at the end of the reception of the PPDU containing a frame for the STA from the AP affiliated with the AP MLD that does not require immediate acknowledgement and the STA affiliated with the non-AP MLD does not detect,within the PPDU corresponding to the PHY-RXSTART.indication any of the following frames)：
一个单播帧(individually addressed frame)，且该帧中的接收地址(receiving address， RA)地址为该non-AP STA的MAC地址(an individually addressed frame with the RA equal to the MAC address of the STA affiliated with the non-AP MLD)；
一个触发帧(trigger frame)，且该帧中有一个用户信息域(User Info)指示该non-AP STA(a Trigger frame that has one of the User Info fields addressed to the STA affiliated with the non-AP MLD)；
一个清除发送(CTS-to-self)帧，且该帧的RA地址为该non-AP STA所关联的AP的MAC地址(a CTS-to-self frame with the RA equal to the MAC address of the AP affiliated with the AP MLD)；
一个多用户块确认帧(Multi-STA BlockAck)，且该帧有一个“每个关联标识业务标识信息域”(Per AID TID Info)指示该non-AP STA(a Multi-STA BlockAck frame that has one of the Per AID TID Info fields addressed to the STA affiliated with the non-AP MLD)；
一个无数据PPDU宣称帧(NDP Announcement，NDPA)，且该帧中有一个STA信息域(STA Info)指示该non-AP STA(a NDP Announcement frame that has one of the STA Info fields addressed to the STA affiliated with the non-AP MLD)。
情况三，non-AP STA没有回复AP发来的最近的一个要求该non-AP STA进行立即回复的帧(The STA affiliated with the non-AP MLD that received the initial Control frame does not respond to the most recently received frame from the AP affiliated with the AP MLD that requires immediate response after a SIFS)。
按照上述规则，一个non-AP STA在收到AP发来的初始控制帧后与该AP进行帧交互的过程中，如果收到一个广播帧，或者收到一个组播帧，那么会匹配上述情况二，从而需要立即将radio chain切换回到各个链路执行侦听操作，导致后面的帧无法接收。
基于此，一种可能的解决方法为不发广播帧或组播帧以避免non-AP STA的天线切换，但这会导致组播帧和广播帧无法发给non-AP STA。
另一种可能的解决方法为：在发送完所有单播帧后再发送广播帧或组播帧。但一方面这会导致最多只能成功发一个广播帧或组播帧。另一方面限制了灵活性。而且广播帧或组播帧往往很多情况下优先于单播帧，该方法将导致广播帧或组播帧无法及时发送。
因此，如何解决MLO中切换操作不合理的问题，是一个亟待解决的问题。
基于此，本申请实施例提供一种基于多链路的通信方法及装置，用于解决MLO中切换操作不合理的问题。其中，方法和装置是基于同一构思的，由于方法及装置解决问题的原理相似，因此装置与方法的实施可以相互参见，重复之处不再赘述。
本申请应用于支持IEEE 802.11ax下一代Wi-Fi协议，如802.11be，Wi-Fi 7或EHT，再如802.11be下一代，Wi-Fi 8，Wi-Fi AI等802.11系列协议的无线局域网系统，还可以应用于基于超带宽(ultra wide band，UWB)的无线个人局域网系统，感知系统等。
本申请提供的通信方法还可以应用于其他各类通信系统中，例如，可以是物联网(internet of things，IoT)、窄带物联网(narrow band internet of things，NB-IoT)、长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)，也可以是第五代(5G)通信系统，还可以是LTE与5G混合架构、也可以是5G新无线(new radio，NR)系统以及6G或者未来通信发展中出现的新的通信系统等。本申请所述的通信系统还可以是机器到机器(machine to machine，M2M)网络、非地面网络(non-terrestrial network，NTN)网络或者其他网络。
本申请实施例的应用场景可以为AP MLD与一个或多个non-AP MLD之间的通信，也 同样适用于AP MLD与AP MLD之间的通信，以及non-AP MLD与non-AP MLD之间的通信。示例性的，请参见图3，示出了本申请实施例适用的一种网络架构图，图3以该网络包括一个AP MLD，以及与AP MLD关联的non-AP MLD 1和non-AP MLD 2为例。其中，AP MLD可以与non-AP MLD 1和non-AP MLD 2进行通信，non-AP MLD 1和non-AP MLD 2可以进行通信。应理解，图3中的AP MLD和non-AP MLD的数量仅是举例，还可以更多或者更少。
本申请实施例涉及到的non-AP MLD可以是各种具有无线通信功能的用户终端、用户装置，接入装置，订户站，订户单元，移动站，用户代理，用户装备或其他名称，其中，用户终端可以包括各种具有无线通信功能的手持设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备，以及各种形式的用户设备(user equipment,UE)，移动台(mobile station,MS)，终端(terminal)，终端设备(terminal equipment)，便携式通信设备，手持机，便携式计算设备，娱乐设备，游戏设备或系统，全球定位系统设备或被配置为经由无线介质进行网络通信的任何其他合适的设备等。在此，为了描述方便，上面提到的设备统称为non-AP MLD。
本申请实施例所涉及到的AP MLD是一种部署在无线通信网络中提供无线通信功能的装置，该AP MLD可用作该通信系统的中枢，可以为基站、路由器、网关、中继器，通信服务器，交换机或网桥等通信设备，其中，所述基站可以包括各种形式的宏基站，微基站，中继站等。在此，为了描述方便，上面提到的设备统称为AP MLD。
具体的，本申请涉及的AP MLD和non-AP MLD可以为适用于IEEE 802.11be系统标准的AP MLD和non-AP MLD，也可以是适用于IEEE 802.11系统标准的AP MLD和non-AP MLD，也可以是适用于其他标准的AP MLD和non-AP MLD，例如适用于未来标准的AP MLD和non-AP MLD等。
本申请实施例描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题同样适用。
本申请实施例中“若……”，也可以描述为“在……情况下”或者“如果”或者“当……时”等等。例如，“若所述第一帧不满足条件集合中所有条件，切换为侦听操作模式”，也可以描述为“如果所述第一帧不满足条件集合中所有条件，切换为侦听操作模式”，或者“在所述第一帧不满足条件集合中所有条件的情况下，切换为侦听操作模式”或者“当所述第一帧不满足条件集合中所有条件时，切换为侦听操作模式”等等。
本申请实施例以non-AP MLD中的一个non-AP STA为例进行说明。
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。
实施例一：
如图4所示，为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图。
S401，AP发送第一PPDU。相应的，non-AP STA在第一时长内接收到第一PPDU。
其中，第一PPDU包括第一帧。
示例性的，第一时长可以为在non-AP STA回复最近一个来自AP的帧开始的一个预设时长，或者non-AP STA接收最近一个来自AP的不需要non-AP STA进行立即回复的帧开始的一个预设时长。其中，预设时长＝短帧间间隔(short inter frame space，SIFS)时长 (aSIFSTime)+时隙时长(aSlotTime)+物理层开始接收延时(aRxPHYStartDelay)。
一种可能的实现方式中，non-AP STA在第一时长内接收到第一PPDU，可以通过如下方式实现：non-AP STA在第一时长内收到物理层开启接收的指示，并且在接收该指示所对应的PPDU的过程中，检测到第一PPDU。
S402，若所述第一帧不满足条件集合中所有条件，non-AP STA切换为侦听操作模式。
其中，所述条件集合中至少一个条件为组播帧的帧信息，该组播帧与触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧不同，换句话描述，该组播帧不同于(或者不是)现有定义的触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧。
下面对该至少一个条件进行举例说明。
举例1.1，该至少一个条件可以包括如下条件中至少一个：
帧类型为广播帧，该广播帧与触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧不同，该广播帧携带的发送地址为该non-AP STA所关联的AP的地址(a broadcast frame with the TA equal to the MAC address of the AP affiliated with the AP MLD，except that the frame is a TF,a Multi-STA BlockAck frame,or an NDP Announcement frame)；
帧类型为组播帧，该组播帧与广播帧不同，该组播帧指示的接收设备包括该non-AP STA(a group addressed frame and the STA is a member of this group)。其中，该组播帧与广播帧不同，可以理解为该组播帧的组播地址不是广播地址，或者，所述组播帧不是广播帧，下文中，该组播帧与广播帧不同也可以做此理解，不再一一说明。
举例1.2，该至少一个条件也可以包括如下条件中至少一个：
帧类型为广播帧，该广播帧携带的发送地址为该non-AP STA所关联的AP的地址(a broadcast frame with the TA equal to the MAC address of the AP affiliated with the AP MLD)；
帧类型为组播帧，该组播帧与广播帧不同，该组播帧指示的接收设备包括该non-AP STA(a group addressed frame and the STA is a member of this group)。
举例1.3，该至少一个条件也可以包括如下条件中至少一个：
帧类型为广播帧，该广播帧指示的接收设备包括该non-AP STA(a broadcast frame and the STA affiliated with the non-AP MLD is one of the target receiver of this broadcast frame)；
帧类型为组播帧，该组播帧与广播帧不同，该组播帧指示的接收设备包括该non-AP STA(a group addressed frame and the STA is a member of this group)。
可选的，除了上述至少一个条件，条件集合还可以包括如下五个条件中至少一个：
帧类型为单播帧，且该单播帧携带的接收地址为该non-AP STA的地址；
帧类型为触发帧，且该触发帧中包括用于指示用户信息的第一字段，该第一字段指示该non-AP STA，示例性的，第一字段可以是用户信息域；
帧类型为清除发送帧，且该清除发送帧携带的接收地址为该non-AP STA关联的AP的地址；
帧类型为多用户块确认帧，且该多用户块确认帧包括用于指示站点信息的第二字段，该第二字段指示该non-AP STA，示例性的，第二字段可以是Per AID TID Info；
帧类型为无数据PPDU宣称帧，且该无数据PPDU宣称帧包括用于指示站点信息的第三字段，该第三字段指示该non-AP STA，示例性的，第三字段可以是STA信息域。
上述五个条件可以参阅前文情况二的相关说明，这里不再重复赘述。
下面结合上述至少一个条件的举例说明对条件集合的三个具体示例进行说明。
示例1.1：
结合上述举例1.1，条件集合可以包括如下条件：
帧类型为广播帧，该广播帧与触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧不同，该广播帧携带的发送地址为该non-AP STA所关联的AP的地址；
帧类型为组播帧，该组播帧与广播帧不同，换句话说，所述组播帧不是广播帧，该组播帧指示的接收设备包括该non-AP STA；
帧类型为单播帧，且该单播帧携带的接收地址为该non-AP STA的地址；
帧类型为触发帧，且该触发帧中包括用于指示用户信息的第一字段，该第一字段指示该non-AP STA，示例性的，第一字段可以是用户信息域；
帧类型为清除发送帧，且该清除发送帧携带的接收地址为该non-AP STA关联的AP的地址；
帧类型为多用户块确认帧，且该多用户块确认帧包括用于指示站点信息的第二字段，该第二字段指示该non-AP STA，示例性的，第二字段可以是Per AID TID Info；
帧类型为无数据PPDU宣称帧，且该无数据PPDU宣称帧包括用于指示站点信息的第三字段，该第三字段指示该non-AP STA，示例性的，第三字段可以是STA信息域。
该示例通过在前述的情况二中增加组播帧的两个条件，使得non-AP STA可以在接收到发送给自己的组播帧的情况下确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，例如在接收到的组播帧不满足条件集合的所有条件时切换为侦听操作模式，反之，在接收到的组播帧满足条件集合的任一条件时不切换为侦听操作模式，从而可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。并且，通过上述两个条件使得non-AP STA在接收到不是发给自己的组播帧的情况下可以及时切换为侦听操作模式，从而可以降低使用其他链路与AP通信的时延。
示例1.2：
结合上述举例1.2，条件集合可以包括如下条件：
帧类型为广播帧，该广播帧携带的发送地址为该non-AP STA所关联的AP的地址；
帧类型为组播帧，该组播帧与广播帧不同，该组播帧指示的接收设备包括该non-AP STA；
帧类型为单播帧，且该单播帧携带的接收地址为该non-AP STA的地址；
帧类型为清除发送帧，且该清除发送帧携带的接收地址为该non-AP STA关联的AP的地址。
上述条件可以覆盖触发帧、多用户块确认帧和无数据PPDU宣称帧以及其他组播帧，从而条件集合中可以不用单独列出触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧的条件，因此可以简化协议描述，降低实现复杂度。还可以使得non-AP STA可以在接收到发送给自己的组播帧的情况下确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，例如在接收到的组播帧不满足条件集合的所有条件时切换为侦听操作模式，反之，在接收到的组播帧满足条件集合的任一条件时不切换为侦听操作模式，从而提升灵活性，并且可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。
示例1.3：
结合上述举例1.3，条件集合可以包括如下条件：
帧类型为广播帧，该广播帧指示的接收设备包括该non-AP STA；
帧类型为组播帧，该组播帧与广播帧不同，该组播帧指示的接收设备包括该non-AP  STA；
帧类型为单播帧，且该单播帧携带的接收地址为该non-AP STA的地址；
帧类型为清除发送帧，且该清除发送帧携带的接收地址为该non-AP STA关联的AP的地址。
上述条件可以覆盖触发帧、多用户块确认帧和无数据PPDU宣称帧以及其他组播帧，从而条件集合中可以不用单独列出触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧的条件，因此可以简化协议描述，降低实现复杂度。还可以使得non-AP STA可以在接收到发送给自己的组播帧的情况下确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，例如在接收到的组播帧不满足条件集合的所有条件时切换为侦听操作模式，反之，在接收到的组播帧满足条件集合的任一条件时不切换为侦听操作模式，从而提升灵活性，并且可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。
以上介绍了non-AP STA根据条件集合确定切换为侦听操作模式的方法。可选的，non-AP STA还可以在如下场景(或者情况或者条件)下切换为侦听操作模式：接收第二PPDU；若该第二PPDU指示的基本服务集(basic service set，BSS)为inter-BSS，切换为侦听操作模式(The STA affiliated with the non-AP MLD receives a PPDU and classifies the PPDU as inter-BSS PPDU)。需要说明的是，该方式也可以不依赖于实施例一所述方法单独实施。
一种可能的实现方式中，在步骤S402之前，若确定第一PPDU指示的BSS为inter-BSS，则可以确定切换为侦听操作模式。该实现方式中，可以不执行S402。
目前切换为侦听操作模式的规则大都是基于MAC层信息的，承载于数据部分。而inter-BSS PPDU可以通过物理层SIG字段判定出来，SIG字段在PPDU中的位置位于数据部分之前，因此，上述方式中，通过在检测到inter-BSS PPDU时切换为侦听操作模式，可以不用继续解析位于PPDU数据部分的MAC内容，从而可以及时进行切换，有利于降低使用其它链路与AP进行通信的时延。
可选的，non-AP STA还可以在其他场景(或者情况或者条件)下切换为侦听操作模式，例如前文所述的情况一或情况三等，具体可以参阅前文背景介绍中的相关描述，这里不再重复赘述。
本申请实施例中通过在条件集合中增加触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧以外的其他组播帧的相关条件，使得non-AP STA进行切换操作时可以根据其他组播帧的信息确定是否切换为侦听操作模式。相比于现有技术中在接收到组播帧后直接切换为侦听操作模式，本申请实施例可以在接收到组播帧后根据组播帧的信息确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，例如在接收到的组播帧不满足条件集合的所有条件时切换为侦听操作模式，反之，在接收到的组播帧满足条件集合的任一条件时不切换为侦听操作模式，一方面可以提升灵活性，另一方面可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。
并且，本申请实施例一沿用目前IEEE 802.11be标准文档中的切换规则逻辑，可以在减少对协议改动的前提下，提升切换操作的合理性和灵活性。
实施例一介绍了一种根据是否不满足条件集合中的条件以确定是否切换操作的技术方案，以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。下面实施例二介绍另一种方法，该方法根据是否满足条件集合中的条件以确定是否进行切换操作的技术方案，以保证组播帧以 及后面的帧可以及时被接收。
实施例二：
如图5所示，为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图。
S501，AP发送第一PPDU。相应的，non-AP STA在第一时长内接收到第一PPDU。
其中，第一PPDU包括第一帧。具体可以图4所述方法中S401的相关描述，这里不再重复赘述。
S502，若所述第一帧满足条件集合中任一条件，non-AP STA切换为侦听操作模式。
其中，该条件集合中至少一个条件对应的帧类型范围包括组播帧，该组播帧与触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据物理层协议数据单元PPDU宣称帧不同。
下面对该至少一个条件进行举例说明。
举例2.1，该至少一个条件可以包括如下条件中至少一个：
帧的发送地址不是该non-AP STA关联的AP的地址(a frame with the TA that differs from the MAC address of the AP affiliated with the AP MLD)；
帧类型为广播帧，且该广播帧指示的目标接收设备不包括该non-AP STA(a broadcast frame but the STA affiliated with the non-AP MLD is not one of the target receiver STA)，可选的，该广播帧可以与触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧不同，换句话描述，该组播帧不同于(或者不是)目前定义的触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧；
帧类型为组播帧，所述组播帧与广播帧不同，且该组播帧指示的接收设备不包括该non-AP STA(a group addressed frame but the STA is not a member of this group)。其中，该组播帧与广播帧不同，可以理解为该组播帧的组播地址不是广播地址，或者，所述组播帧不是广播帧，下文中，该组播帧与广播帧不同也可以做此理解，不再一一说明。
举例2.2，该至少一个条件可以包括如下条件中至少一个：
帧的发送地址不是该non-AP STA关联的AP的地址(a frame with the TA that differs from the MAC address of the AP affiliated with the AP MLD)；
帧类型为组播帧，所述组播帧与广播帧不同，且该组播帧指示的接收设备不包括该non-AP STA(a group addressed frame but the STA is not a member of this group)。
可选的，除了上述至少一个条件，条件集合还可以如下五个条件中至少一个：
帧类型为单播帧，且该单播帧携带的接收地址不是该non-AP STA的地址(an individually addressed frame，addressed to another STA that is not affiliated with the non-AP MLD)，该条件也可以描述为，帧类型为单播帧，且该单播帧携带的接收地址指示另一个non-AP STA；
帧类型为触发帧，且该触发帧中包括的第一字段未指示该non-AP STA，该第一字段用于指示用户信息(a Trigger frame that has none of the User Info fields addressed to the STA affiliated with the non-AP MLD)，示例性的，第一字段可以是用户信息域；
帧类型为清除发送帧，且该清除发送帧携带的接收地址不是该non-AP STA关联的AP的地址(a CTS-to-self frame with the RA not equal to the MAC address of the AP affiliated with the AP MLD)；
帧类型为多用户块确认帧，且该多用户块确认帧包括的第二字段未指示该non-AP STA，该第二字段用于指示non-AP STA信息(a Multi-STA BlockAck frame that has one none of the  Per AID TID Info fields addressed to the STA affiliated with the non-AP MLD)，示例性的，第二字段可以是Per AID TID Info；
帧类型为无数据PPDU宣称帧，且该无数据PPDU宣称帧包括的第三字段未指示该non-AP STA，该第三字段用于指示non-AP STA信息(a NDP Announcement frame that has one none of the STA Info fields addressed to the STA affiliated with the non-AP MLD)，示例性的，第三字段可以是STA信息域。
下面结合上述至少一个条件的举例说明对条件集合的三个具体示例进行说明。
示例2.1：
结合上述举例2.1，条件集合可以包括如下条件：
帧的发送地址不是该non-AP STA关联的AP的地址；
帧类型为广播帧，该广播帧与触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧不同，且该广播帧指示的目标接收设备不包括该non-AP STA；
帧类型为组播帧，所述组播帧与广播帧不同，且该组播帧指示的接收设备不包括该non-AP STA；
帧类型为单播帧，且该单播帧携带的接收地址不是该non-AP STA的地址；
帧类型为触发帧，且该触发帧中包括的第一字段未指示该non-AP STA，该第一字段用于指示用户信息；
帧类型为清除发送帧，且该清除发送帧携带的接收地址不是该non-AP STA关联的AP的地址；
帧类型为多用户块确认帧，且该多用户块确认帧包括的第二字段未指示该non-AP STA，该第二字段用于指示non-AP STA信息；
帧类型为无数据PPDU宣称帧，且该无数据PPDU宣称帧包括的第三字段未指示该non-AP STA，该第三字段用于指示non-AP STA信息。
该示例通过增加可以覆盖其他组播帧的条件，使得non-AP STA可以在接收到发送给自己的组播帧的情况下确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，例如在接收到的组播帧满足条件集合的任一条件时不切换为侦听操作模式，反之，在接收到的组播帧不满足条件集合的所有条件时不切换为侦听操作模式，从而可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。
示例2.2：
结合上述举例2.2，条件集合可以包括如下条件：
帧的发送地址不是该non-AP STA关联的AP的地址；
帧类型为组播帧，所述组播帧与广播帧不同，且该组播帧指示的接收设备不包括该non-AP STA；
帧类型为单播帧，且该单播帧携带的接收地址不是该non-AP STA的地址；
帧类型为清除发送帧，且该清除发送帧携带的接收地址不是该non-AP STA关联的AP的地址。
上述条件可以覆盖触发帧、多用户块确认帧和无数据PPDU宣称帧以及其他组播帧，从而条件集合中可以不用单独列出触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧的条件，因此，可以简化协议描述，降低实现复杂度。还可以使得non-AP STA可以在接收到发送给自己的组播帧的情况下确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，例如在接收到的组播帧满足条件集合的任一条件时不切换为侦听操作模式，反之，在接收到的组播帧不满足条件集合 的所有条件时切换为侦听操作模式，从而可以提升灵活性，并且保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。
示例2.3：
结合上述举例2.2，条件集合也可以包括如下条件：
帧的发送地址不是该non-AP STA关联的AP的地址；
帧类型为组播帧，所述组播帧与广播帧不同，且该组播帧指示的接收设备不包括该non-AP STA；
帧类型为单播帧，且该单播帧携带的接收地址不是该non-AP STA的地址；
帧类型为触发帧，且该触发帧中包括的第一字段未指示该non-AP STA，该第一字段用于指示用户信息；
帧类型为清除发送帧，且该清除发送帧携带的接收地址不是该non-AP STA关联的AP的地址；
帧类型为多用户块确认帧，且该多用户块确认帧包括的第二字段未指示该non-AP STA，该第二字段用于指示non-AP STA信息；
帧类型为无数据PPDU宣称帧，且该无数据PPDU宣称帧包括的第三字段未指示该non-AP STA，该第三字段用于指示non-AP STA信息。
通过该示例，可以使得non-AP STA可以在收到满足上述条件集合中任一条件的组播帧时切换为侦听操作模式，反之，接收到不满足上述条件集合中所有条件的组播帧时不切换为侦听操作模式，从而可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。
示例2.4：
结合上述举例2.1，条件集合可以包括如下条件：
帧的发送地址不是该non-AP STA关联的AP的地址；
帧类型为广播帧，且该广播帧指示的目标接收设备不包括该non-AP STA；
帧类型为组播帧，所述组播帧与广播帧不同，且该组播帧指示的接收设备不包括该non-AP STA；
帧类型为单播帧，且该单播帧携带的接收地址不是该non-AP STA的地址；
帧类型为清除发送帧，且该清除发送帧携带的接收地址不是该non-AP STA关联的AP的地址。
该示例通过增加可以覆盖其他组播帧的条件，使得non-AP STA可以在接收到发送给自己的组播帧的情况下确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，从而可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。
以上介绍了non-AP STA根据条件集合确定切换为侦听操作模式的方法。可选的，non-AP STA还可以在如下场景(或者情况或者条件)下切换为侦听操作模式：接收第二PPDU；若该第二PPDU指示的BSS为inter-BSS，切换为侦听操作模式(The STA affiliated with the non-AP MLD receives a PPDU and classifies the PPDU as inter-BSS PPDU)。需要说明的是，该方式也可以不依赖于实施例一所述方法单独实施。
一种可能的实现方式中，在步骤S502之前，若确定第一PPDU指示的BSS为inter-BSS，则可以确定切换为侦听操作模式。该实现方式中，可以不执行S502。
目前切换为侦听操作模式的规则大都是基于MAC层信息的，承载于数据部分。而inter-BSS PPDU可以通过物理层SIG字段判定出来，SIG字段在PPDU中的位置位于数据 部分之前，因此，上述方式中，通过在检测到inter-BSS PPDU时切换为侦听操作模式，可以不用继续解析位于PPDU数据部分的MAC内容，从而可以及时进行切换，有利于降低使用其它链路与AP进行通信的时延。
可选的，non-AP STA还可以在其他场景(或者情况或者条件)下切换为侦听操作模式，例如前文的情况一或情况三等，具体可以参阅前文背景介绍中的相关描述，这里不再重复赘述。
本申请实施例中通过在条件集合中增加可以覆盖触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧以外的其他组播帧的条件，使得non-AP STA进行切换操作时可以根据其他组播帧的信息确定是否切换为侦听操作模式。相比于现有技术中在接收到组播帧后直接切换为侦听操作模式，本申请实施例可以在接收到组播帧后根据组播帧的信息确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，例如在接收到的组播帧满足条件集合的任一条件时切换为侦听操作模式，反之，在接收到的组播帧不满足条件集合的所有条件时不切换为侦听操作模式，一方面可以提升灵活性，另一方面可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收，提升切换操作的合理性。
实施例一介绍了一种根据是否不满足条件集合中的条件以确定是否切换操作的技术方案，以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。实施例二介绍了一种根据是否满足条件集合中的条件以确定是否进行切换操作的技术方案，以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。下面实施例三介绍另一种方法，该方法通过结合SM PS的切换规则和EMLSR的切换规则来确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。
实施例三：
如图6所示，为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图。
S601，non-AP STA确定满足条件集合中的任一条件。
其中，该条件集合包括如下条件：接收到组播帧，该组播帧与广播帧不同，该组播帧指示的接收设备不包括该non-AP STA(It receives a group addressed frame but the STA is not a member of this group)。
一种可能的实施方式中，该条件集合还可以包括如下三个条件中至少一个：
接收到触发帧，该触发帧中包括的第一字段未指示该non-AP STA，该第一字段用于指示用户信息，示例性的，第一字段可以是用户信息域(It receives a Trigger frame that has none of the User Info fields addressed to it)；
接收到多用户块确认帧，且该多用户块确认帧包括的第二字段未指示该non-AP STA，该第二字段用于指示non-AP STA信息，示例性的，第二字段可以是Per AID TID Info(It receives a Multi-STA BlockAck frame that has none of the Per AID TID Info fields addressed to it)；
接收到无数据PPDU宣称帧，且该无数据PPDU宣称帧包括的第三字段未指示该non-AP STA，该第三字段用于指示non-AP STA信息，示例性的，第三字段可以是STA信息域(It receives a NDP Announcement frame that has none of the STA Info fields addressed to it)。
另一种可能的实施方式中，该条件集合还可以包括：接收到广播帧，且该广播帧指示的目标接收设备不包括该non-AP STA(It receives a broadcast frame but the STA is not involved in the successive procedure.)。
以上条件是适用于EMLSR的切换规则。
除了上述条件，该条件集合中还可以包括如下条件中指示一项：
接收到单播帧，该单播帧携带的目的地址与该non-AP STA的地址不同(It receives an individually addressed frame that is not a BAR,BFRP,and individual addressed TF such as MU-BAR,BSRP,and individual BFRP addressed to another STA)；
接收到帧，该帧所携带的发送地址与发起当前传输机会的帧所携带的发送地址不同(It receives a frame with a TA that differs from the TA of the frame that started the TXOP.Some individually addressed control frames are exclusive such as BA and BFR)；
接收到帧，该帧对应的基本服务集与该non-AP STA所在小区的基本服务集不同(It receives a PPDU and classifies the PPDU as inter-BSS PPDU(see 26.2.2(Intra-BSS and inter-BSS PPDU classification)))；
接收到多用户块PPDU，该多用户块PPDU为高效多用户块PPDU或者极高吞吐量多用户块PPDU，该多用户块PPDU指示的基本服务集与该non-AP STA所在小区的基本服务集相同，该多用户块PPDU未指示该non-AP STA为接收设备，该non-AP STA最近一次接收到的高效操作域中携带的基本服务集禁止域的取值为0(It receives an HE MU PPDU or EHT MU PPDU where the RXVECTOR parameter BSS_COLOR is the BSS color of the BSS in which the STA is associated,the RXVECTOR parameter does not have any STA_ID of an RU that identifies the STA as the recipient or one of the recipients of the RU(see 26.11.1(STA_ID)),and the BSS Color Disabled subfield in the most recently received HE Operation element from the AP with which the STA is associated is 0)；
载波侦听机制指示信道已经持续空闲时间到达预设时长(The CS mechanism(see10.3.2.1(CS mechanism))indicates that the medium is idle at the TxPIFS slot boundary(defined in 10.3.7(DCF timing relations)))。
以上条件是适用于SM PS的切换规则。通过上述方式，使得条件集合中既包括基于SM PS的切换规则，又包括EMLSR的切换规则，使得EMLSR和SM PS的规则统一。
S602，non-AP STA切换为侦听操作模式。
为了便于对方案的理解，下面对条件集合的三个具体示例进行说明。
示例3.1：条件集合可以包括如下条件：
接收到单播帧，该单播帧携带的目的地址与该non-AP STA的地址不同；
接收到帧，该帧所携带的发送地址与发起当前传输机会的帧所携带的发送地址不同；
接收到帧，该帧对应的基本服务集与该non-AP STA所在小区的基本服务集不同；
接收到多用户块PPDU，该多用户块PPDU为高效多用户块PPDU或者极高吞吐量多用户块PPDU，该多用户块PPDU指示的基本服务集与该non-AP STA所在小区的基本服务集相同，该多用户块PPDU未指示该non-AP STA为接收设备，该non-AP STA最近一次接收到的高效操作域中携带的基本服务集禁止域的取值为0；
接收到组播帧，该组播帧与广播帧不同，该组播帧指示的接收设备不包括该non-AP STA；
接收到触发帧，该触发帧中包括的第一字段未指示该non-AP STA，该第一字段用于指示用户信息；
接收到多用户块确认帧，且该多用户块确认帧包括的第二字段未指示该non-AP STA， 该第二字段用于指示non-AP STA信息；
接收到无数据PPDU宣称帧，且该无数据PPDU宣称帧包括的第三字段未指示该non-AP STA，该第三字段用于指示non-AP STA信息；
载波侦听机制指示信道已经持续空闲时间到达预设时长。
示例3.2：条件集合可以包括如下条件：
接收到单播帧，该单播帧携带的目的地址与该non-AP STA的地址不同；
接收到帧，该帧所携带的发送地址与发起当前传输机会的帧所携带的发送地址不同；
接收到帧，该帧对应的基本服务集与该non-AP STA所在小区的基本服务集不同；
接收到多用户块PPDU，该多用户块PPDU为高效多用户块PPDU或者极高吞吐量多用户块PPDU，该多用户块PPDU指示的基本服务集与该non-AP STA所在小区的基本服务集相同，该多用户块PPDU未指示该non-AP STA为接收设备，该non-AP STA最近一次接收到的高效操作域中携带的基本服务集禁止域的取值为0；
接收到组播帧，该组播帧与广播帧不同，该组播帧指示的接收设备不包括该non-AP STA；
载波侦听机制指示信道已经持续空闲时间到达预设时长。
示例3.3：条件集合可以包括如下条件：
接收到单播帧，该单播帧携带的目的地址与该non-AP STA的地址不同；
接收到帧，该帧所携带的发送地址与发起当前传输机会的帧所携带的发送地址不同；
接收到帧，该帧对应的基本服务集与该non-AP STA所在小区的基本服务集不同；
接收到多用户块PPDU，该多用户块PPDU为高效多用户块PPDU或者极高吞吐量多用户块PPDU，该多用户块PPDU指示的基本服务集与该non-AP STA所在小区的基本服务集相同，该多用户块PPDU未指示该non-AP STA为接收设备，该non-AP STA最近一次接收到的高效操作域中携带的基本服务集禁止域的取值为0；
接收到组播帧，该组播帧与广播帧不同，该组播帧指示的接收设备不包括该non-AP STA；
接收到广播帧，且该广播帧指示的目标接收设备不包括该non-AP STA；
载波侦听机制指示信道已经持续空闲时间到达预设时长。
以上三个示例中上述条件集合中前4个条件以及最后一个条件为适用于SM PS的切换规则，其余条件为适用于EMLSR的切换规则，通过上述方式，使得条件集合中既包括基于SM PS的切换规则，又包括EMLSR的切换规则，使得EMLSR和SM PS的规则统一。
本申请实施例中通过在基于EMLSR的切换规则中增加基于SM PS的切换规则，或者，在基于SM PS的切换规则中增加基于EMLSR的切换规则，可以使得EMLSR和SM PS的规则统一。并且，在基于EMLSR的切换规则中通过增加可以覆盖触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧以外的其他组播帧的条件，使得non-AP STA进行切换操作时可以根据其他组播帧的信息确定是否切换为侦听操作模式。相比于现有技术中在接收到组播帧后直接切换为侦听操作模式，本申请实施例可以在接收到组播帧后根据组播帧的信息确定不切换为侦听操作模式，一方面可以提升灵活性，另一方面可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收，提升切换操作的合理性。
以上三个实施例从切换规则的角度覆盖触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧以外的组播帧，以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。下面实施例四通过将组 播帧集中在一个时间段内发送，该时间段与发送单播帧的时间段采用不同的切换规则，以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收。
实施例四：
如图7所示，为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图。
S701，non-AP STA在第一时间段内，根据第一规则确定是否切换为侦听操作模式。
其中，该第一时间段的起始时刻为预设时间或者第一信标帧的接收时间，该第一时间段用于接收组播帧。作为一种示例性描述，第一信标帧的接收时间可以指完成第一信标帧的时间。
示例性的，预设时间可以为预先获取的第一信标帧的发送时间。例如，non-AP STA可以在接收到的帧获取到第一信标帧的发送时间，从而可以在该发送时间到达时进入第一时间段。
示例性的，该第一信标帧可以为传送业务指示图信标帧。
AP在第一时间段内的行为可以为：只允许发送组播帧。
作为一种可选的方案，AP可以在第一时间段内的最后一个组播帧之前的每一个组播帧中均指示“未传输完毕”，在第一时间段内的最后一个组播帧中指示“传输完毕”。举例说明，AP可以在第一时间段内的最后一个组播帧的更多数据(more data)域设置为第一值，将第一时间段内的其他组播帧的more data域设置为第二值。其中，第一值可以为0，第二值可以为1。或者，第一值可以为1，第二值可以为0。
相应的，non-AP STA在第一时间段内的行为可以是：如果收到的组播帧中指示“未传输完毕”，在该链路继续工作，例如在该链路继续接收组播帧。或者，根据第一规则确定切换为侦听操作模式。
non-AP STA根据第一规则确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，具体可以通过如下方式确定：
若满足第一条件集合中任一条件，则切换为侦听操作模式；
其中，该第一条件集合包括如下至少一项：
接收到指示传输完毕的组播帧。
定时器超时，该定时器的启动时间为该第一时间段的起始时刻。
该non-AP STA关联的第一AP从该第一时间段的起始时刻开始的传输时机总长度达到预设时长。
S702，non-AP STA在第二时间段内，根据第二规则确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，该第二时间段的起始时刻为初始控制帧的接收时间。
作为一种示例性描述，初始控制帧的接收时间可以指完成初始控制帧的时间。
AP在第二时间段内的行为可以为：只允许发送单播帧，或者，单播帧和组播帧都允许发送。
一种可能的实现方式中，non-AP STA根据第二规则确定切换为侦听操作模式，具体可以根据上述实施例一所述方法确定切换为侦听操作模式。具体可以参阅图4所述方法中的相关描述，这里不再重复赘述。
另一种可能的实现方式中，non-AP STA根据第二规则确定切换为侦听操作模式，具体可以根据上述实施例二所述方法确定切换为侦听操作模式。具体可以参阅图5所述方法中的相关描述，这里不再重复赘述。
再一种可能的实现方式中，non-AP STA根据第二规则确定切换为侦听操作模式，具体 可以根据上述实施例三所述方法确定切换为侦听操作模式。具体可以参阅图6所述方法中的相关描述，这里不再重复赘述。
再一种可能的实现方式中，non-AP STA根据第二规则确定切换为侦听操作模式，例如前文背景中描述的情况一～情况三。
作为一种可选的方案，初始控制帧可以指示AP是否会在第二时间段发送组播帧。
基于该方案的一种可能的实施方式为，若初始控制帧指示AP会在第二时间段发送组播帧，则non-AP STA可以根据上述实施例一或实施例二或实施例三所述的方法确定切换为侦听操作模式。
若初始控制帧指示AP不会在第二时间段发送组播帧，则non-AP STA可以根据目前IEEE 802.11be标准文档中切换为侦听操作模式的规则确定切换为侦听操作模式。
需要说明的是，第一时间段和第二时间段没有先后顺序，具体可以取决于预设时间(或者第一信标帧的接收时间)和初始控制帧的接收时间。可选的，第一时间段和第二时间段可以交替出现。如图8所示。
可选的，AP可以通过第一信标帧触发non-AP STA进入第一时间段。AP也可以通过初始控制帧触发non-AP STA进入第二时间段。
本申请实施例中通过在特定的时间段(即第一时间段)集中向non-AP STA发送组播帧，并且该时间段与第二时间段采用不同的切换规则，从而可以保证组播帧以及后面的帧可以及时被接收，并且还可以降低后面传输机会的损失。
以上实施例一～实施例四从non-AP STA的角度描述了切换为侦听操作模式的方法，在上述实施例一～实施例四中AP可以通过发送一些帧触发切换。例如，在实施例一中，AP可以通过发送不满足实施例一所述条件集合的任一条件的帧，可以触发non-AP STA切换为侦听操作模式。又例如，在实施例二中，AP可以通过发送满足实施例二所述条件集合的任一条件的帧，可以触发non-AP STA切换为侦听操作模式。又例如，在实施例三中，AP可以通过发送满足实施例三所述条件集合的任一条件的帧，可以触发non-AP STA切换为侦听操作模式。又例如，在实施例四中，AP在第一时间段可以通过发送满足实施例四中第一规则的帧，可以触发non-AP STA切换为侦听操作模式，在第二时间段可以通过发送满足实施例四中第二规则的帧，可以触发non-AP STA切换为侦听操作模式。
基于与方法实施例的同一发明构思，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，该通信装置的结构可以如图9所示，包括通信模块901和处理模块902。
在一种实施方式中，通信装置具体可以用于实现图4的实施例中non-AP STA执行的方法，该装置可以是non-AP STA本身，也可以是non-AP STA中的芯片或芯片组或芯片中用于执行相关方法功能的一部分。其中，通信模块901，用于在第一时长内接收到第一PPDU，第一PPDU包括第一帧。处理模块902，用于：若所述第一帧不满足条件集合中任一条件，切换为侦听操作模式；其中，所述条件集合中至少一个条件为组播帧的帧信息，所述组播帧与触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧不同。
示例性的，所述至少一个条件包括：帧类型为组播帧，所述组播帧与广播帧不同，所述组播帧指示的接收设备包括所述站点。
示例性的，所述至少一个条件包括：帧类型为广播帧，所述广播帧携带的发送地址为所述站点所关联的接入点站点的地址；或者，帧类型为广播帧，所述广播帧指示的接收设备包括所述站点。
可选的，所述广播帧与触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧不同。
示例性的，所述条件集合还包括如下五个条件中至少一个：
帧类型为单播帧，且所述单播帧携带的接收地址为所述站点的地址；
帧类型为触发帧，且所述触发帧中包括用于指示用户信息的第一字段，所述第一字段指示所述站点；
帧类型为清除发送帧，且所述清除发送帧携带的接收地址为所述站点关联的接入点站点的地址；
帧类型为多用户块确认帧，且所述多用户块确认帧包括用于指示站点信息的第二字段，所述第二字段指示所述站点；
帧类型为无数据PPDU宣称帧，且所述无数据PPDU宣称帧包括用于指示站点信息的第三字段，所述第三字段指示所述站点。
可选的，所述通信模块901，还用于：接收PPDU；所述处理模块902，还用于：若所述PPDU指示的基本服务集为外基本服务集，切换为侦听操作。
在一种实施方式中，通信装置具体可以用于实现图5的实施例中non-AP STA执行的方法，该装置可以是non-AP STA本身，也可以是non-AP STA中的芯片或芯片组或芯片中用于执行相关方法功能的一部分。其中，通信模块901，用于在第一时长内接收到第一PPDU，第一PPDU包括第一帧；处理模块，用于若所述第一帧满足条件集合中任一条件，切换为侦听操作模式；其中，所述条件集合中至少一个条件对应的帧类型范围包括组播帧，所述组播帧与触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧不同。
示例性的，所述至少一个条件包括如下三个条件中至少一个：
帧的发送地址不是所述站点关联的接入点站点的地址；
帧类型为广播帧，且所述广播帧指示的目标接收设备不包括所述站点；
帧类型为组播帧，所述组播帧与广播帧不同，且所述组播帧指示的接收设备不包括所述站点。
示例性的，所述至少一个条件包括如下两个条件中至少一个：
帧的发送地址不是所述站点关联的接入点站点的地址；
帧类型为组播帧，所述组播帧与广播帧不同，且所述组播帧指示的接收设备不包括所述站点。
示例性的，所述条件集合还包括如下五个条件中至少一个：
帧类型为单播帧，且所述单播帧携带的接收地址不是所述站点的地址；
帧类型为触发帧，且所述触发帧中包括的第一字段未指示所述站点，所述第一字段用于指示用户信息；
帧类型为清除发送帧，且所述清除发送帧携带的接收地址不是所述站点关联的接入点站点的地址；
帧类型为多用户块确认帧，且所述多用户块确认帧包括的第二字段未指示所述站点，所述第二字段用于指示站点信息；
帧类型为无数据PPDU宣称帧，且所述无数据PPDU宣称帧包括的第三字段未指示所述站点，所述第三字段用于指示站点信息。
可选的，通信模块901，还用于接收PPDU；处理模块902，还用于若所述PPDU指示的基本服务集为外基本服务集，切换为侦听操作。
在一种实施方式中，通信装置具体可以用于实现图6的实施例中non-AP STA执行的方法，该装置可以是non-AP STA本身，也可以是non-AP STA中的芯片或芯片组或芯片中用于执行相关方法功能的一部分。其中，处理模块902，用于确定满足条件集合中的任一条件；以及，切换为侦听操作模式；其中，所述条件集合包括如下条件：接收到组播帧，所述组播帧与广播帧不同，所述组播帧指示的接收设备不包括所述站点。
示例性的，所述条件集合中还包括如下三个条件中至少一个：
接收到触发帧，所述触发帧中包括的第一字段未指示所述站点，所述第一字段用于指示用户信息；
接收到多用户块确认帧，且所述多用户块确认帧包括的第二字段未指示所述站点，所述第二字段用于指示站点信息；
接收到无数据PPDU宣称帧，且所述无数据PPDU宣称帧包括的第三字段未指示所述站点，所述第三字段用于指示站点信息。
示例性的，所述条件集合包括如下条件：接收到广播帧，且所述广播帧指示的目标接收设备不包括所述站点。
示例性的，所述条件集合还包括如下条件：
接收到极高吞吐量多用户块PPDU，所述极高吞吐量多用户块PPDU指示的基本服务集与所述站点所在小区的基本服务集相同，所述极高吞吐量多用户块PPDU未指示所述站点为接收设备，所述站点最近一次接收到的高效操作域中携带的基本服务集禁止域的取值为0。
示例性的，所述条件集合还包括如下条件中至少一个：
接收到单播帧，所述单播帧携带的目的地址与所述站点的地址不同；
接收到帧，所述帧所携带的发送地址与发起当前传输机会的帧所携带的发送地址不同；
接收到帧，所述帧对应的基本服务集与所述站点所在小区的基本服务集不同；
接收到高效多用户块PPDU，所述高效多用户块PPDU指示的基本服务集与所述站点所在小区的基本服务集不同，所述高效多用户块PPDU未指示所述站点为接收设备，所述站点最近一次接收到的高效操作域中携带的基本服务集禁止域的取值为0；
载波侦听机制指示信道已经持续空闲时间到达预设时长。
在一种实施方式中，通信装置具体可以用于实现图7的实施例中non-AP STA执行的方法，该装置可以是non-AP STA本身，也可以是non-AP STA中的芯片或芯片组或芯片中用于执行相关方法功能的一部分。其中，处理模块902，用于在第一时间段内，根据第一规则确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，所述第一时间段的起始时刻为预设时间或者第一信标帧的接收时间，所述第一时间段用于接收组播帧；以及，在第二时间段内，根据第二规则确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，所述第二时间段的起始时刻为初始控制帧的接收时间。
处理模块902，在根据第一规则确定是否切换为侦听操作模式时，具体用于：
若满足第一条件集合中任一条件，则切换为侦听操作模式；
其中，所述第一条件集合包括如下至少一项：
接收到指示传输完毕的组播帧；
定时器超时，所述定时器的启动时间为所述第一时间段的起始时刻；
所述站点关联的第一接入点站点从所述第一时间段的起始时刻开始的传输时机总长度达到预设时长。
示例性的，所述第一信标帧为传送业务指示图信标帧。
本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能模块可以集成在一个处理器中，也可以是单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上模块集成在一个模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。可以理解的是，本申请实施例中各个模块的功能或者实现可以进一步参考方法实施例的相关描述。
一种可能的方式中，通信装置可以如图10所示，该装置可以是通信设备或者通信设备中的芯片，其中该通信设备可以为上述实施例中的终端设备也可以是上述实施例中的网络设备。该装置包括处理器1001和通信接口1002，还可以包括存储器1003。其中，处理模块902可以为处理器1001。通信模块901可以为通信接口1002。可选的，处理器1001和存储器1003也可以集成在一起。
处理器1001，可以是一个CPU，或者为数字处理模块等等。通信接口1002可以是收发器、也可以为接口电路如收发电路等、也可以为收发芯片等等。该装置还包括：存储器1003，用于存储处理器1001执行的程序。存储器1003可以是非易失性存储器，比如硬盘(hard disk drive，HDD)或固态硬盘(solid-state drive，SSD)等，还可以是易失性存储器(volatile memory)，例如随机存取存储器(random-access memory，RAM)。存储器1003是能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其它介质，但不限于此。
处理器1001用于执行存储器1003存储的程序代码，具体用于执行上述处理模块902的动作，本申请在此不再赘述。通信接口1002具体用于执行上述通信模块901的动作，本申请在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例中不限定上述通信接口1002、处理器1001以及存储器1003之间的具体连接介质。本申请实施例在图10中以存储器1003、处理器1001以及通信接口1002之间通过总线1004连接，总线在图10中以粗线表示，其它部件之间的连接方式，仅是进行示意性说明，并不引以为限。总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图10中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
本发明实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，用于存储为执行上述处理器所需执行的计算机软件指令，其包含用于执行上述处理器所需执行的程序。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信系统，包括用于实现图4的实施例中发送端功能的通信装置和用于实现图4的实施例中接收端功能的通信装置。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本申请是参照根据本申请的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现 在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (23)

  1. 一种基于多链路的通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法应用于非接入点站点侧，包括：
    在第一时长内接收到第一物理层协议数据单元PPDU，所述第一PPDU包括第一帧；
    若所述第一帧不满足条件集合中所有条件，切换为侦听操作模式；
    其中，所述条件集合中至少一个条件为组播帧的帧信息，所述组播帧与触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧不同。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个条件包括：
    帧类型为组播帧，所述组播帧与广播帧不同，所述组播帧指示的接收设备包括所述站点。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个条件包括：
    帧类型为广播帧，所述广播帧携带的发送地址为所述站点所关联的接入点的地址；
    或者，帧类型为广播帧，所述广播帧指示的接收设备包括所述站点。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述广播帧与触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧不同。
  5. 如权利要求2-4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述条件集合还包括如下五个条件中至少一个：
    帧类型为单播帧，且所述单播帧携带的接收地址为所述站点的地址；
    帧类型为触发帧，且所述触发帧中包括用于指示用户信息的第一字段，所述第一字段指示所述站点；
    帧类型为清除发送帧，且所述清除发送帧携带的接收地址为所述站点关联的接入点的地址；
    帧类型为多用户块确认帧，且所述多用户块确认帧包括用于指示站点信息的第二字段，所述第二字段指示所述站点；
    帧类型为无数据PPDU宣称帧，且所述无数据PPDU宣称帧包括用于指示站点信息的第三字段，所述第三字段指示所述站点。
  6. 如权利要求1-5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收第二PPDU；
    若所述第二PPDU指示的基本服务集为外基本服务集，切换为所述侦听操作模式。
  7. 一种基于多链路的通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法应用于站点侧，包括：
    在第一时间段内，根据第一规则确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，所述第一时间段的起始时刻为第一信标帧的接收时间，所述第一时间段用于接收组播帧；
    在第二时间段内，根据第二规则确定是否切换为所述侦听操作模式，所述第二时间段的起始时刻为初始控制帧的接收时间。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据第一规则确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，包括：
    若满足第一条件集合中任一条件，则切换为侦听操作模式；
    其中，所述第一条件集合包括如下至少一项：
    接收到指示传输完毕的组播帧；
    定时器超时，所述定时器的启动时间为所述第一时间段的起始时刻；
    所述站点关联的第一接入点从所述第一时间段的起始时刻开始的传输时机总长度达到预设时长。
  9. 如权利要求7或8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信标帧为传送业务指示图信标帧。
  10. 一种基于多链路的通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置应用于非接入点站点侧，包括：
    通信模块，用于在第一时长内接收到第一物理层协议数据单元PPDU，所述第一PPDU包括第一帧；
    处理模块，用于：若所述第一帧不满足条件集合中所有条件，切换为侦听操作模式；
    其中，所述条件集合中至少一个条件为组播帧的帧信息，所述组播帧与触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧不同。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个条件包括：
    帧类型为组播帧，所述组播帧与广播帧不同，所述组播帧指示的接收设备包括所述站点。
  12. 如权利要求10或11所述的装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个条件包括：
    帧类型为广播帧，所述广播帧携带的发送地址为所述站点所关联的接入点的地址；
    或者，帧类型为广播帧，所述广播帧携带的发送地址为所述站点所关联的接入点的地址。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述广播帧与触发帧、多用户块确认帧以及无数据PPDU宣称帧不同。
  14. 如权利要求11-13任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述条件集合还包括如下五个条件中至少一个：
    帧类型为单播帧，且所述单播帧携带的接收地址为所述站点的地址；
    帧类型为触发帧，且所述触发帧中包括用于指示用户信息的第一字段，所述第一字段指示所述站点；
    帧类型为清除发送帧，且所述清除发送帧携带的接收地址为所述站点关联的接入点的地址；
    帧类型为多用户块确认帧，且所述多用户块确认帧包括用于指示站点信息的第二字段，所述第二字段指示所述站点；
    帧类型为无数据PPDU宣称帧，且所述无数据PPDU宣称帧包括用于指示站点信息的第三字段，所述第三字段指示所述站点。
  15. 如权利要求10-14任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述通信模块，还用于：接收第二PPDU；
    所述处理模块，还用于：若所述第二PPDU指示的基本服务集为外基本服务集，切换为侦听操作。
  16. 一种基于多链路的通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置应用于站点侧，包括：
    处理模块，用于：在第一时间段内，根据第一规则确定是否切换为侦听操作模式，所述第一时间段的起始时刻为第一信标帧的接收时间，所述第一时间段用于接收组播帧；
    以及，在第二时间段内，根据第二规则确定是否切换为所述侦听操作模式，所述第二时间段的起始时刻为初始控制帧的接收时间。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块，在根据第一规则确定是 否切换为侦听操作模式时，具体用于：
    若满足第一条件集合中任一条件，则切换为侦听操作模式；
    其中，所述第一条件集合包括如下至少一项：
    接收到指示传输完毕的组播帧；
    定时器超时，所述定时器的启动时间为所述第一时间段的起始时刻；
    所述站点关联的第一接入点从所述第一时间段的起始时刻开始的传输时机总长度达到预设时长。
  18. 如权利要求16或17所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一信标帧为传送业务指示图信标帧。
  19. 一种基于多链路的通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器，所述处理器用于运行一组程序，以使得如权利要求1～6任一项所述的方法被执行，或者，以使得如权利要求7～9任一项所述的方法被执行。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的装置，其特征在于，还包括存储器，所述存储器存储有所述处理器运行的程序。
  21. 如权利要求19或20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置为芯片或集成电路。
  22. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机存储介质中存储有计算机可读指令，当所述计算机可读指令在通信装置上运行时，使得如权利要求1～6任一项所述的方法被执行，或者，使得如权利要求7～9任一项所述的方法被执行。
  23. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，当所述计算机程序产品在发送端上运行时，使得非接入点站点执行权利要求1～6任一项所述的方法，或者，权利要求7～9任一项所述的方法。
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