WO2023240890A1 - 光模块 - Google Patents

光模块 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023240890A1
WO2023240890A1 PCT/CN2022/128415 CN2022128415W WO2023240890A1 WO 2023240890 A1 WO2023240890 A1 WO 2023240890A1 CN 2022128415 W CN2022128415 W CN 2022128415W WO 2023240890 A1 WO2023240890 A1 WO 2023240890A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
optical
receiving
port
component
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/128415
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蔚永军
张海祥
方春伦
张晓廓
慕建伟
Original Assignee
青岛海信宽带多媒体技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202221475039.5U external-priority patent/CN217606135U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202210667216.8A external-priority patent/CN114895411A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202221475327.0U external-priority patent/CN217606136U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202221481014.6U external-priority patent/CN217521402U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202210665581.5A external-priority patent/CN115097579A/zh
Application filed by 青岛海信宽带多媒体技术有限公司 filed Critical 青岛海信宽带多媒体技术有限公司
Publication of WO2023240890A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023240890A1/zh
Priority to US18/398,637 priority Critical patent/US20240134134A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
    • G02B6/4214—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms the intermediate optical element having redirecting reflective means, e.g. mirrors, prisms for deflecting the radiation from horizontal to down- or upward direction toward a device
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4246—Bidirectionally operating package structures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4256—Details of housings
    • G02B6/4262—Details of housings characterised by the shape of the housing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4292—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements the light guide being disconnectable from the opto-electronic element, e.g. mutually self aligning arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/40—Transceivers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29346—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by wave or beam interference
    • G02B6/29361—Interference filters, e.g. multilayer coatings, thin film filters, dichroic splitters or mirrors based on multilayers, WDM filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
    • G02B6/4207—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms with optical elements reducing the sensitivity to optical feedback
    • G02B6/4208—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms with optical elements reducing the sensitivity to optical feedback using non-reciprocal elements or birefringent plates, i.e. quasi-isolators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/43—Arrangements comprising a plurality of opto-electronic elements and associated optical interconnections

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of optical communication technology, and in particular, to an optical module.
  • optical modules are tools for realizing mutual conversion of optical and electrical signals. They are one of the key components in optical communication equipment. With the development of optical communication technology, the transmission rate of optical modules continues to increase.
  • the core component is the BOSA (Bi-Directional Optical Sub-Assembly, light transmitting and receiving component) structure in the optical module.
  • some embodiments of the present disclosure provide an optical module, including: a circuit board; an optical transceiver component electrically connected to the circuit board; a fiber optic adapter connected to the optical transceiver component; wherein the optical transceiver component
  • the component includes: a first tube shell, including an inner cavity and an incident light port, an exit light port, and an integrated transceiver optical port that are connected to the inner cavity; the optical fiber adapter is inserted into the inner cavity through the integrated transceiver optical port;
  • An optical element and an inclined surface are provided in the inner cavity, and the optical element is configured to transmit and/or reflect the emitted light entering the first tube shell; the inclined surface is located below the optical element , the inclined surface is arranged opposite to the transmission surface on the optical element, and is configured to re-reflect the emitted light reflected through the transmission surface, so that the re-reflected emitted light does not pass through the incident light port;
  • the light splitting component is arranged in the inner cavity and includes a support frame and a
  • a collimating lens is provided in the support frame, so The condensing lens at the end of the optical fiber adapter is inserted into the support frame; the first optical splitter, the second optical splitter and the third optical splitter are configured to receive light of different wavelengths transmitted by the optical fiber adapter. Perform reflection light splitting; the light emitting component is connected to the first tube shell through the incident light port, and is configured to generate emitted light. The emitted light passes through the optical element, the collimating lens, and the The first optical splitter and the condensing lens are coupled to the fiber optic adapter; a bracket is inserted into the exit light port and includes a mounting slot.
  • One end of the mounting slot is provided with an opening, and the other end of the mounting slot is provided with an inclined A mounting surface, the mounting surface is connected to the exit light port; along the light emission direction in the first tube shell, the distance between the mounting surface and the central axis of the first tube shell gradually decreases;
  • the light receiving component is disposed on the mounting surface and is configured to receive the received light reflected by the light splitting component.
  • some embodiments of the present disclosure provide an optical module, including: a circuit board; an optical transceiver component electrically connected to the circuit board; a fiber optic adapter connected to the optical transceiver component; wherein the optical transceiver component
  • the component includes: a second tube shell, including an inner cavity and a light inlet, a light outlet, and a light receiving and receiving port that are connected to the inner cavity; the optical fiber adapter is inserted into the inner cavity through the light receiving and receiving ports; the inner cavity
  • An optical element and a slope are provided in the cavity, and the optical element is configured to transmit and/or reflect the emitted light entering the second tube shell; the slope is located below the optical element, and the slope is in contact with the optical element.
  • the transmission surfaces on the optical element are arranged opposite each other and are configured to re-reflect the light reflected through the transmission surface so that the re-reflected emitted light does not pass through the light entrance; a protruding fixation is provided thereon
  • the fixed platform is provided with an installation groove, one end of the installation groove is provided with an opening, and the other end of the installation groove is provided with an inclined installation platform, and the installation platform is connected with the light outlet; along the In the direction of light emission in the second tube shell, the distance between the installation platform and the central axis of the second tube shell gradually decreases; a plurality of spectrometers are arranged in the inner cavity and are in contact with the light emitting and receiving
  • the port and the light outlet are arranged correspondingly and are configured to reflect and split the received light of different wavelengths transmitted by the optical fiber adapter; the light emitting component is connected to the second tube shell through the light inlet and is configured to generate Emitting light, the emitted light is coupled to the fiber optic adapter via the optical
  • Figure 1 is a connection diagram of an optical communication system according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 2 is a structural diagram of an optical network terminal according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 3 is a structural diagram of an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 4 is an exploded view of an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical transceiver component in an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 6 is an exploded schematic diagram of an optical transceiver component in an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a tube shell in an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a tube housing in an optical module according to some embodiments from another angle;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a tube housing at a third angle ⁇ in an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of a tube housing in an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a support frame in an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a support frame in an optical module from another angle according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of a support frame in an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 14 is an assembly cross-sectional view of a light splitting component and a fiber optic adapter in an optical module according to some embodiments
  • Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the receiving light path of an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a bracket in an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a bracket in an optical module from another angle according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view of an optical transceiver device in an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical transceiver device in an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 20 is an exploded schematic diagram of another optical transceiver device in an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 21 is a schematic structural diagram of another tube shell in an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 22 is a schematic structural diagram of another tube housing in an optical module according to some embodiments from another angle;
  • Figure 23 is a cross-sectional view of another tube housing in an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 24 is a cross-sectional view from another angle of another tube housing in an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 25 is a cross-sectional view of another optical transceiver device in an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 26 is a schematic structural diagram of a light receiving component in an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.
  • a and/or B includes the following three combinations: A only, B only, and a combination of A and B.
  • Optical modules realize the mutual conversion function of the above-mentioned optical signals and electrical signals in the field of optical fiber communication technology.
  • the optical module includes an optical port and an electrical port.
  • the optical module realizes optical communication with information transmission equipment such as optical fiber or optical waveguide through the optical port, and realizes the electrical connection with the optical network terminal (for example, optical modem) through the electrical port.
  • the electrical connection It is mainly configured to realize power supply, I2C signal transmission, data signal transmission, grounding, etc.; the optical network terminal transmits electrical signals to computers and other information processing equipment through network cables or wireless fidelity technology (Wi-Fi).
  • the optical fiber 101 is connected to the remote server 1000, and the other end is connected to the optical network terminal 100 through the optical module 200.
  • the optical fiber itself can support long-distance signal transmission, such as signal transmission of thousands of meters (6 kilometers to 8 kilometers). On this basis, if repeaters are used, ultra-long-distance transmission can theoretically be achieved. Therefore, in a common optical communication system, the distance between the remote server 1000 and the optical network terminal 100 can usually reach several kilometers, tens of kilometers, or hundreds of kilometers.
  • the physical distance between the remote server 1000 and the optical network terminal 100 is greater than the physical distance between the local information processing device 2000 and the optical network terminal 100 .
  • the connection between the local information processing device 2000 and the remote server 1000 is completed by the optical fiber 101 and the network cable 103; and the connection between the optical fiber 101 and the network cable 103 is completed by the optical module 200 and the optical network terminal 100.
  • the remote server 1000 establishes a bidirectional signal transmission channel with the local information processing device 2000 through the optical fiber 101, the optical module 200, the optical network terminal 100 and the network cable 103.
  • Figure 2 is a structural diagram of an optical network terminal according to some embodiments. In order to clearly show the connection relationship between the optical module 200 and the optical network terminal 100, Figure 2 only shows the parts of the optical network terminal 100 related to the optical module 200. structure. As shown in FIG. 2 , the optical network terminal 100 also includes a PCB circuit board 105 provided in the housing, a cage 106 provided on the surface of the PCB circuit board 105 , and an electrical connector provided inside the cage 106 . The electrical connector is configured to be connected to the electrical port of the optical module 200; the heat sink 107 has fins and other protrusions that increase the heat dissipation area.
  • FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of an optical module according to some embodiments
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded view of an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • the optical module 200 includes a shell, a circuit board 300 and an optical transceiver component 400 disposed in the shell.
  • the housing includes an upper housing 201 and a lower housing 202.
  • the upper housing 201 is covered on the lower housing 202 to form the above-mentioned housing with two openings; the outer contour of the housing generally presents a square body.
  • the direction of the connection line between the two openings 204 and 205 may be consistent with the length direction of the optical module 200 , or may be inconsistent with the length direction of the optical module 200 .
  • the opening 204 is located at the end of the optical module 200 (the right end of FIG. 3 ), and the opening 205 is also located at the end of the optical module 200 (the left end of FIG. 3 ).
  • the opening 204 is located at an end of the optical module 200 and the opening 205 is located at a side of the optical module 200 .
  • the assembly method of combining the upper housing 201 and the lower housing 202 facilitates the installation of the circuit board 300, the optical transceiver assembly 400 and other components into the housing, and the upper housing 201 and the lower housing 202 form packaging protection for these components.
  • the upper housing 201 and the lower housing 202 form packaging protection for these components.
  • the upper housing 201 and the lower housing 202 are generally made of metal materials, which facilitates electromagnetic shielding and heat dissipation.
  • the optical module 200 also includes an unlocking component 203 located outside its housing.
  • the unlocking component 203 is configured to achieve a fixed connection between the optical module 200 and the host computer, or to release the connection between the optical module 200 and the host computer. fixed connection.
  • the unlocking component 203 is located on the outer walls of the two lower side panels of the lower housing 202 and has a snap component that matches the upper computer cage (for example, the cage 106 of the optical network terminal 100).
  • the optical module 200 is inserted into the cage of the host computer, the optical module 200 is fixed in the cage of the host computer by the engaging parts of the unlocking part 203; when the unlocking part 203 is pulled, the engaging parts of the unlocking part 203 move accordingly, thereby changing
  • the connection relationship between the engaging component and the host computer is to release the engagement relationship between the optical module 200 and the host computer, so that the optical module 200 can be pulled out from the cage of the host computer.
  • the circuit board 300 is generally a rigid circuit board. Due to its relatively hard material, the rigid circuit board can also perform a load-bearing function. For example, the rigid circuit board can smoothly carry the above-mentioned electronic components and chips; when the optical transceiver component is located on the circuit board, the rigid circuit board The circuit board can also provide smooth loading; the rigid circuit board can also be inserted into the electrical connector in the host computer cage.
  • flexible circuit boards are also used in some optical modules.
  • Flexible circuit boards are generally used in conjunction with rigid circuit boards as a supplement to rigid circuit boards.
  • a flexible circuit board can be used to connect the rigid circuit board and the optical transceiver component.
  • the first tube 410 includes an incident The optical port, the integrated transceiver optical port and the receiving optical port, the light transmitting component is connected to the first tube shell 410 through the incident optical port, the light receiving component is connected to the first tube shell 410 through the receiving optical port, and the optical fiber adapter 500 is connected to the first tube shell 410 through the integrated transceiver port.
  • the optical fiber adapter 500 can serve as a connector for optical fibers, allowing optical fibers to be accessed through an optical interface.
  • the optical transceiver component 400 may only include a light emitting component and a light receiving component.
  • the first tube housing 410 may only include an incident optical port, an integrated transceiver optical port and a receiving optical port, and a light emitting component.
  • the component is connected to the first tube 410 through the incident light port, a light receiving component is connected to the first tube 410 through the receiving light port, and the optical fiber adapter 500 is connected to the first tube 410 through the integrated transceiver optical port, thus enabling optical transceiver.
  • the component 400 has one channel of light emission and one channel of light reception.
  • the first receiving light port, the second receiving light port and the transceiver integrated optical port, the first light emitting component 420 is connected to the first tube shell 410 through the first incident light port, and the second light emitting component 430 passes through the second incident light port
  • the first light receiving component 440 is connected to the first tube shell 410 through the first light receiving port.
  • the second light receiving component 450 is connected to the first tube shell 410 through the second light receiving port.
  • the optical fiber adapter 500 is connected to the first tube shell 410 through the integrated transceiver optical port.
  • the second light emitting component 430 has an innovative and optimized structural design, using materials such as TO56 1490 header and tube caps that are common to low-speed GPON OLTs, achieving a low-cost and universal design of the product.
  • the second emission beam emitted by the second light emitting component 430 is reflected by the first tube shell 410, and the reflected second emission beam is transmitted along the central axis direction of the integrated transceiver optical port, so that the reflected second emission beam The emitted beam passes through the first tube 410 and enters the fiber optic adapter 500 .
  • the receiving direction of the light beam received by the second light receiving component 450 and the light beam emitting direction of the fiber optic adapter 500 are located in different directions, that is, the receiving direction of the second light receiving component 450 is perpendicular to the circuit board 300, and the light emitting direction of the fiber optic adapter 500 is perpendicular to the circuit board 300.
  • the plate 300 is parallel, and the received light beam of the fiber optic adapter 500 needs to be reflected by the first tube shell 410 so that the emission direction of the reflected light beam is in the same direction as the receiving direction of the second light receiving component 450 .
  • the first light emitting component 420 when the first light emitting component 420 is fixedly connected to the first side 4101 of the first tube shell 410 through the adjusting sleeve, the first light emitting component 420 can be connected to the first tube shell 410 and the fiber optic adapter 500. Laser welding is performed after power coupling to improve the coupling efficiency between the first light emitting component 420 and the optical fiber adapter 500 . .
  • a first light exit port 4105 is also provided on the top surface 4103.
  • the first light exit port 4105 is connected to the inner cavity of the first tube shell 410.
  • the first light receiving component 440 is connected to the first tube shell through the first light exit port 4105.
  • 410 is connected, so that the first receiving light beam received by the first tube shell 410 is injected into the first light receiving component 440 through the first exit light port 4105.
  • the second side 4106 is provided with an integrated transceiver optical port 4107.
  • the integrated transceiver optical port 4107 is connected with the inner cavity of the first tube shell 410.
  • the optical fiber adapter 500 is connected to the first tube shell 410 through the integrated transceiver optical port 4107. In this way, the optical fiber adapter The received light beam transmitted by 500 is injected into the first tube shell 410 through the integrated transceiver optical port 4107.
  • the optical fiber adapter 500 is inserted into the first tube 410 through the integrated transceiver optical port 4107 to achieve a fixed connection between the optical fiber adapter 500 and the first tube 410 .
  • the first emitted light beam when the first emitted light beam is transmitted through the optical element 401, most (about 95%) of the first emitted light beam directly passes through the optical element 401, but there is still a part (about 5%) of the first emitted light beam.
  • the emitted beam may be reflected at the transmission surface of the optical element 401, and the reflected first emitted beam may be reflected again at the inner wall of the first inner cavity 4110, and the re-reflected first emitted beam may pass through the third
  • the two incident light ports 4104 are incident into the second light emitting component 430, causing crosstalk of the reflected light to the second emitting beam.
  • the first emission beam emitted by the first light emitting component 420 is condensed light, and the spot of the condensed light at the focus is the smallest, so the isolator can be set at At the focal position of the first emitted beam, the size of the isolator required at this time is the smallest, which ensures that the aperture of the second inner cavity 4113 required by the isolator is the smallest, which is conducive to the miniaturization design of the first tube shell 410 .
  • the support part is provided with a first support surface 4701, a first limiting surface 4709, a second supporting surface 4702, a second limiting surface 4703 and a third supporting surface 4707.
  • the first supporting surface 4701 is arranged obliquely, that is, along the first In the emission direction of the emission beam (from left to right), the distance between the first supporting surface 4701 and the first connecting portion 4704 gradually increases.
  • the first limiting surface 4709 is located at the lower left of the first supporting surface 4701.
  • the end surface of a beam splitter is pressed against the first limiting surface 4709.
  • the side surface of the beam splitter is pasted on the first supporting surface 4701, thereby passing through the first
  • the supporting surface 4701 and the first limiting surface 4709 fix a beam splitter on the supporting part.
  • a through hole 4708 is provided on the third supporting surface 4707, and the through hole 4708 is connected with the light hole in the supporting part. Reflection is performed at one beam splitter, and the reflected received beam is directed to the second beam splitter on the third supporting surface 4707.
  • the second beam splitter splits multiple received beams, and all the received beams are transmitted through the second beam splitter into the third beam splitter.
  • the other receiving beam is reflected again at the second beam splitter.
  • the received beam after reflection directly passes through the third beam splitter on the second supporting surface 4702, and the receiving beam transmitted through the third beam splitter is emitted. into the first light receiving component 440.
  • the connecting sleeve 520 is provided with a mounting hole, which is connected with the inner cavity of the outer sleeve 540.
  • a converging lens 510 is disposed in the mounting hole.
  • the converging lens 510 protrudes from the connecting sleeve 520, and the converging lens 510 is inserted into the connecting sleeve 520.
  • the first receiving beam and the second receiving beam transmitted by the internal optical fiber 530 in the optical fiber adapter 500 are converted into collimated beams through the condensing lens 510, and the collimated beams are injected into the support frame 4710 through the light hole in the second connection part 4705.
  • the third beam splitter 4117 faces the first light receiving component 440 and is configured to transmit the re-reflected receiving beam from the second beam splitter 4118, The transmitted receiving light beam is incident into the first light receiving component 440 .
  • Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a receiving optical path of an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • the lower end surface of the first optical splitter 4116 is against the first limiting surface 4709, the side surface of the first optical splitter 4116 is pasted on the first supporting surface 4701, and the distance between the first optical splitter 4116 and the emission optical axis is form a third angle ⁇ .
  • the first optical splitter 4116 has the function of reflecting the first receiving beam and the second receiving beam, and is configured to reflect the first receiving beam and the second receiving beam transmitted by the optical fiber adapter 500 .
  • the third angle ⁇ is 40° ⁇ 50°.
  • the side surface of the second beam splitter 4118 is pasted on the third support surface 4707 and is located outside the support frame 4710.
  • a fourth angle ⁇ is formed between the second beam splitter 4118 and the emission optical axis.
  • the second beam splitter 4118 has the function of reflecting the first received beam and transmitting the second received beam, and is configured to transmit and reflect the first received beam and the second received beam reflected by the first beam splitter 4116 .
  • the fourth angle ⁇ is 6° ⁇ 20°.
  • the lower surface of the second beam splitter 4118 needs to be pasted on the third support surface 4707, and the second beam splitter 4118 needs to be placed in the through hole 4708. , thus increasing the size of the support frame 4710.
  • the second beam splitter 4118 can be attached to the outside of the support frame 4710, and only a through hole 4708 is required to receive the light beam and transmit it to the second beam splitter 4118. Therefore, the size of the support frame 4710 can be effectively reduced, which is beneficial to the miniaturized design of the first tube shell 410 .
  • the right end surface of the third optical splitter 4117 is against the second limiting surface 4703, the left end surface is against the top surface of the first connecting part 4704, and the lower side is pasted on the second supporting surface 4702.
  • the third optical splitter 4117 is in contact with the emission optical axis.
  • a fifth angle ⁇ is formed between them.
  • the third beam splitter 4117 has the function of transmitting the first received beam, and is configured to transmit the first received beam reflected by the second beam splitter 4118.
  • the fifth angle ⁇ is 10° ⁇ 22°.
  • the lower surface of the third beam splitter 4117 is provided with a transmission surface c.
  • the first receiving beam reflected by the second beam splitter 4118 directly passes through the third beam splitter 4117.
  • the first receiving light beam is incident into the first light receiving component 440 through the first exit light port 4105.
  • the third angle ⁇ between the first optical splitter 4116 and the emission optical axis in the first tube 410 is 45°
  • the fourth angle ⁇ between the second optical splitter 4118 and the emission optical axis is 8 °
  • the fifth angle ⁇ between the third beam splitter 4117 and the emission optical axis is 16°.
  • the first beam splitter 4116, the second beam splitter 4118, and the third beam splitter 4117 can be filters, prisms with filters or filter films attached, or other structures.
  • the first beam splitter 4116, the second beam splitter 4118, and the third beam splitter 4117 can be filters, prisms with filters or filter films attached, or other structures.
  • the wavelength of the first receiving light beam can be 1270nm, 1310nm, 1490nm or 1577nm, etc., which is not specifically limited here; correspondingly, the wavelength of the second receiving light beam can be 1270nm, 1310nm, 1490nm or 1577nm, etc., which is not specified here. Specific limitations.
  • the receiving optical axis of the second light receiving component 450 is perpendicular to the circuit board 300. If the receiving optical axis of the first light receiving component 440 is also perpendicular to the circuit board 300, a fourth optical splitter needs to be provided.
  • the beam splitter is configured to reflect again the received beam reflected from the second beam splitter 4118, and the received beam reflected by the fourth beam splitter is directed to the third beam splitter 4117 for transmission.
  • a fifth angle ⁇ is formed between the mounting surface 4601 and the emitting optical axis in the first tube shell 410, that is, the angle between the mounting surface 4601 and the emitting optical axis, the angle between the third optical splitter 4117 and the emitting optical axis. The angle between them is the same, and the mounting surface 4601 and the third optical splitter 4117 are arranged parallel to each other.
  • a light-transmitting hole 4602 is provided on the mounting surface 4601, and the light-transmitting hole 4602 penetrates the mounting surface 4601 and the insertion surface 4603. In this way, the light-transmitting hole 4602 is provided correspondingly to the first light exit port 4105, and the first light beam of the third beam splitter 4117 passes through the light-transmitting hole 4602. The received light beam passes through the first light exit port 4105 and enters the light transmission hole 4602.
  • the first light receiving component 440 is inserted into the installation groove, and the outer side wall of the first light receiving component 440 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the installation groove and the mounting surface 4601. In this way, the first light receiving component 440 is tilted and arranged on the first tube through the bracket 460.
  • the first receiving light beam passing through the third beam splitter 4117 passes through the first light exit port 4105 and the light transmitting hole 4602 in sequence and enters the first light receiving component 440.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical transceiver device in an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • install the collimating lens 4115 into the light hole of the first connection part 4704 in the support frame 4710 then install the first beam splitter 4116 on the first support surface 4701, and install the second beam splitter 4118 Install it on the third supporting surface 4707, install the third optical splitter 4117 on the second limiting surface 4703 and the second supporting surface 4702, complete the assembly of the optical splitting component 470, and install the assembled optical splitting component 470 on the first into the third inner cavity 4114 of the tube shell 410; then insert the optical fiber adapter 500 provided with the condensing lens 510 into the third inner cavity 4114 through the integrated transceiver optical port 4107, and insert the converging lens 510 into the second connection portion of the support frame 4710 4705 in the light hole, so that the support frame 4710, the fiber adapter 500 and the first tube shell 410 are fixedly connected; then the optical element 401 is installed on the support platform
  • the first light emitting component 420 is laser welded to the first side 4101 of the first tube 410 through the adjusting sleeve, so that the first The first emission beam emitted by the light emitting component 420 is injected into the first inner cavity 4110 through the first incident light port 4102 on the first side 4101; then the second light emitting component 430 is inserted into the first through the second incident light port 4104.
  • the tube housing 410 insert the second light receiving component 450 into the first tube housing 410 through the second light exit port 4109; then insert the bracket 460 into the first tube housing 410 through the first light exit port 4105, and insert the first light into the tube housing 410.
  • the receiving component 440 is fixed in the installation groove of the bracket 460 to complete the assembly of the optical transceiver component 400 .
  • the first emission beam emitted by the first light emission assembly 420 passes through the optical element 401 and the isolator 600 in sequence.
  • the first emission beam passing through the isolator 600 is converted into parallel light by the collimating lens 4115.
  • the light beam, the parallel light passes through the first beam splitter 4116 and is injected into the internal optical fiber 530 of the optical fiber adapter 500 through the condensing lens 510, thereby realizing the emission of the first emission beam.
  • the second emission beam emitted by the second light emitting component 430 is reflected by the optical element 401.
  • the reflected second emission beam passes through the isolator 600.
  • the second emission beam that passes through the isolator 600 is converted into parallel light by the collimating lens 4115.
  • the light beam, the parallel light beam passes through the first beam splitter 4116 and is injected into the internal optical fiber 530 of the fiber optic adapter 500 through the condensing lens 510, thereby realizing the emission of the second emission beam.
  • the first emitted beam and the second emitted beam can be combined at the optical element 401, that is, the second emitted beam is reflected at the optical element 401, and the reflected second emitted beam is transmitted through the optical element.
  • the first emitted beams of 401 are combined.
  • the combined light passes through the isolator 600.
  • the combined light passing through the isolator 600 is converted into a parallel beam through the collimating lens 4115.
  • the parallel beam passes through the first beam splitter 4116 and passes through the condensing lens 510. Injected into the internal optical fiber 530 of the fiber optic adapter 500, the first emission beam and the second emission beam are simultaneously emitted.
  • the first receiving beam and the second receiving beam transmitted through the fiber optic adapter 500 are converted into the first receiving parallel light and the second receiving parallel light through the condensing lens 510 , and the first receiving parallel light and the second receiving parallel light are passed through the first beam splitter 4116 It is reflected to the second beam splitter 4118, and the reflected second receiving parallel light directly passes through the second beam splitter 4118 and enters the second light receiving component 450, thereby realizing the reception of the second receiving beam.
  • the first receiving beam and the second receiving beam transmitted by the fiber optic adapter 500 may be separate lights of different wavelengths, or may be a combined light including the first receiving beam and the second receiving beam.
  • an optical path system using three lenses (the coupling lens 4210 in the first light emitting component 420, the collimating lens 4115 in the first tube housing 410, and the converging lens 510 in the fiber optic adapter 500) is used to convert the converged light into parallel
  • the optical path design of light improves the coupling efficiency of the optical transceiver component 400.
  • the innovative optical splitting design can realize dense wavelength splitting function within 6nm. Compared with other solutions in the industry, it can better meet the splitting requirements required by the Com-PON product protocol at a lower cost.
  • This special optical path design enables the use of the best optical filters and the smallest insertion loss to achieve two-way transmission and two-way reception.
  • the collimating lens 4115 in the first tube shell 410 and the condensing lens 510 in the fiber optic adapter 500 are passively coupled, and the collimating lens 4115 is directly assembled in the light hole of the first connection part 4704 Inside, the converging lens 510 is directly assembled in the mounting hole of the connecting sleeve 520, and the converging lens 510 is inserted into the light hole of the second connecting part 4705.
  • the installation accuracy of the collimating lens 4115 and the condensing lens 510 is required to be relatively high.
  • the above-mentioned assembly method has high requirements on the position of each structure in the first tube shell 410, which affects the processing efficiency of the first tube shell 410. Therefore, the coupling method of the collimating lens 4115 and the condensing lens 510 can be improved to reduce the position requirements of the various structures in the first tube shell 410 during assembly.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical transceiver component in an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • FIG. 20 is an exploded schematic diagram of another optical transceiver component in an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • the optical transceiver component 400 may include a second tube 402, a light emitting component, and an optical receiving component.
  • the second tube 402 includes an incident optical port, an integrated transceiver optical port, and a receiving component.
  • Optical port, the light emitting component is connected to the second tube shell 402 through the incident light port
  • the light receiving component is connected to the second tube shell 402 through the receiving light port
  • the optical fiber adapter 500 is connected to the second tube shell 402 through the integrated transceiver optical port.
  • the light beam emitted by the light emitting component is injected into the second tube shell 402 through the incident optical port, and the emitted light beam is coupled to the optical fiber adapter 500 through the second tube shell 402 through the transceiver integrated optical port, thereby realizing the emission of light; the optical fiber adapter
  • the received light beam transmitted by 500 is injected into the second tube shell 402 through the integrated transceiver optical port, and the received light beam is then transmitted to the light receiving component through the second tube shell 402 through the receiving optical port, thereby realizing light reception.
  • the optical transceiver component 400 may further include two light emitting components and two light receiving components, and the second tube shell 402 includes two incident optical ports, two receiving optical ports, and one integrated transceiver optical port, that is,
  • the optical transceiver component 400 includes a first light emitting component 420, a second light emitting component 430, a first light receiving component 440 and a second light receiving component 450.
  • the second tube shell 402 includes a first incident light port and a second incident light port.
  • the first receiving light port, the second receiving light port and the transceiver integrated optical port the first light emitting component 420 is connected to the second tube shell 402 through the first incident light port, and the second light emitting component 430 passes through the second incident light port Connected to the second tube shell 402, the first light receiving component 440 is connected to the second tube shell 402 through the first receiving light port, the second light receiving component 450 is connected to the second tube shell 402 through the second receiving light port, and the optical fiber adapter 500 is connected to the second shell 402 through the integrated transceiver optical port.
  • the first incident light port is located on the left side of the second tube shell 402, the second incident light port is located on the upper side of the second tube shell 402, the first light receiving port is located on the upper side of the second tube shell 402, and the second light receiving port is located on the upper side of the second tube shell 402.
  • the port is located on the lower side of the second shell 402 , and the integrated transceiver optical port is located on the right side of the second shell 402 . That is, the first incident light port and the integrated transceiver optical port are arranged oppositely, the second incident optical port and the first receiving optical port are located on the same side of the second tube shell 402 , and the first receiving optical port and the second receiving optical port are arranged oppositely.
  • the emission direction of the light beam emitted by the first light emitting component 420 is in the same direction as the light receiving direction of the fiber optic adapter 500, that is, the emission direction of the first light emitting component 420 is parallel to the circuit board 300, and the light receiving direction of the fiber optic adapter 500 is also parallel to the circuit board 300.
  • the circuit board 300 is parallel. In this way, the light beam emitted by the first light emitting component 420 is injected into the second tube shell 402 through the first incident light port, and the emitted light beam is directly coupled to the optical fiber adapter 500 through the second tube shell 402 to achieve A path of light emission.
  • the light output end of the first light emitting component 420 is provided with a coupling lens.
  • the laser beam emitted by the laser in the first light emitting component 420 is converted into a condensed beam through the coupling lens.
  • the condensed beam is emitted through the first incident light port. into the second tube shell 402.
  • the first emission beam emitted by the first light emission component 420 is transmitted along the central axis direction of the integrated transceiver optical port, so that the first emission beam passes through the second tube shell 402 and is injected into the fiber optic adapter 500 .
  • the central axis of the integrated transceiver optical port refers to the axis that passes through the center of the integrated transceiver optical port and is perpendicular to the surface where the integrated transceiver optical port is located.
  • the emission direction of the light beam emitted by the second light emitting component 430 and the light receiving direction of the fiber optic adapter 500 are located in different directions, that is, the emission direction of the second light emitting component 430 is perpendicular to the circuit board 300, and the light receiving direction of the fiber optic adapter 500 is perpendicular to the circuit board 300.
  • the plate 300 is parallel, and the emitted beam of the second light emitting component 430 needs to be reflected by the second tube shell 402 so that the emitting direction of the reflected emitted beam is in the same direction as the light receiving direction of the optical fiber adapter 500 .
  • the light beam emitted by the second light emitting component 430 is injected into the second tube shell 402 through the second incident light port, and the emitted light beam reflected by the second tube shell 402 is coupled into the optical fiber adapter 500, realizing another path of light. emission.
  • the second emission beam emitted by the second light emitting component 430 is reflected by the second tube shell 402, and the reflected second emission beam is transmitted along the central axis direction of the integrated transceiver optical port, so that the reflected second emission beam The emitted light beam passes through the second housing 402 and enters the fiber optic adapter 500 .
  • an optical element 401 is provided in the second shell 402.
  • the optical element 401 is located at the intersection of the emission light path of the first light emitting component 420 and the second light emitting component 430. That is, the optical element 401 is located at the same time as the second light emitting component 420.
  • the optical element 401 has the function of transmitting the first emitted beam and reflecting the second emitted beam.
  • the first emitted beam and the reflected second emitted beam can be combined through the optical element 401 , and the combined beam is coupled to the fiber optic adapter 500 .
  • the first emitting beam emitted by the first light emitting component 420 can directly pass through the optical element 401, and the second emitting beam emitted by the second light emitting component 430 is reflected at the optical element 401, and the reflected second emitting beam is The emission direction of the first emission beam is the same, so the first emission beam and the reflected second emission beam are combined at the optical element 401 .
  • the optical element 401 has a transmissive surface and a reflective surface.
  • the transmissive surface is arranged opposite to the first light emitting component 420, so that the first emission beam emitted by the first light emitting component 420 directly passes through the optical element 401 through the transmissive surface; the reflective surface and the second
  • the light emitting components 430 are arranged oppositely, so that the second emitting beam emitted by the second light emitting component 430 is reflected by the reflective surface, the reflected second emitting beam is transmitted along the emitting direction of the first emitting beam, and the reflected second emitted beam
  • the light beam and the first emitted light beam are combined at the reflecting surface.
  • the optical element 401 is a filter, which is smaller in size and takes up less space, which is beneficial to the miniaturization design of the optical transceiver assembly 400 .
  • the external light beam received by the optical fiber adapter 500 is injected into the second tube shell 402 through the integrated transceiver optical port, and the received light beam reflected by the second tube shell 402 is coupled to the second light receiving component 450, thereby realizing another path of light. take over.
  • a fourth optical splitter 405 , a fifth optical splitter 407 and a sixth optical splitter 408 are provided in the second tube shell 402 .
  • the fourth optical splitter 405 is located in the receiving direction of the optical fiber adapter 500 for transmitting and receiving light beams, and is configured to reflect the optical fiber adapter 500
  • the first received beam and the second received beam are transmitted;
  • the fifth optical splitter 407 is provided corresponding to the second light receiving component 450 and is configured to transmit the reflected second received beam and to transmit the reflected first received beam.
  • the transmitted second receiving beam is injected into the second light receiving component 450;
  • the sixth beam splitter 408 is provided corresponding to the first light receiving component 440 and is configured to receive the first beam reflected by the fifth beam splitter 407.
  • the light beam is transmitted, and the transmitted first receiving light beam is incident into the first light receiving component 440 .
  • a first light entrance 4022 is provided on the first surface 4021.
  • the first light entrance 4022 is connected to the inner cavity of the second tube 402.
  • the first light emitting component 420 is connected to the second tube 402 through the first surface 4021. In this way, the first emission beam emitted by the first light emitting component 420 is injected into the second tube shell 402 through the first light entrance 4022.
  • the first light emitting component 420 may be fixedly connected to the first surface 4021 through the adjustment sleeve 480.
  • a second light entrance 4024 is provided on the second surface 4023.
  • the second light entrance 4024 is connected with the inner cavity of the second tube shell 402.
  • the second light emitting component 430 communicates with the second tube shell through the second light entrance 4024. 402 connection, so that the second emission beam emitted by the second light emitting component 430 is injected into the second tube shell 402 through the second light entrance port 4024.
  • a first light outlet 4025 is also provided on the second surface 4023.
  • the first light outlet 4025 is connected to the inner cavity of the second tube shell 402.
  • the first light receiving component 440 is connected to the second tube shell 402 through the first light outlet 4025. In this way, the first receiving light beam received by the second tube shell 402 is injected into the first light receiving component 440 through the first light outlet 4025.
  • the fixing platform 4026 and the second tube shell 402 are of an integrated structure, and the mounting hole in the fixing platform 4026 is the first light outlet 4025 on the second tube shell 402 .
  • the third surface 4027 is provided with a light-transmitting port 4028.
  • the light-receiving port 4028 is connected to the inner cavity of the second tube shell 402.
  • the optical fiber adapter 500 is connected to the second tube shell 402 through the light-receiving port 4028. In this way, the optical fiber adapter 500 transmits The receiving beam is injected into the second tube shell 402 through the receiving and receiving light port 4028.
  • the fiber optic adapter 500 is inserted into the second tube 402 through the light receiving and receiving port 4028 to achieve a fixed connection between the fiber optic adapter 500 and the second tube 402 .
  • Figure 24 is a cross-sectional view from another angle of another package in an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • a support platform 4031 is provided in the first cavity 4037.
  • the support platform 4031 is tilted from the first light entrance 4022 to the second cavity 4033.
  • the support platform 4031 is tilted from top to bottom. That is, along the emission direction of the first emission beam, the distance between the support platform 4031 and the second light entrance 4024 gradually increases, so that a first angle is formed between the support platform 4031 and the emission optical axis.
  • the first angle is 45 degrees.
  • the first emitted light beam when the first emitted light beam is transmitted through the optical element 401, most (about 95%) of the first emitted light beam directly passes through the optical element 401, but there is still a part (about 5%) of the first emitted light beam.
  • the emitted beam may be reflected at the transmission surface of the optical element 401, and the reflected first emitted beam may be reflected again at the inner wall of the first cavity 4037, and the re-reflected first emitted beam may pass through the second
  • the light entrance 4024 enters the second light emitting component 430, causing crosstalk of the reflected light to the second emitting beam.
  • a second angle is formed between the inclined surface 4032 and the emission optical axis.
  • the second angle is 20° ⁇ 50°.
  • the first emitting beam emitted by the first light emitting component 420 passes through the optical element 401 and then is transmitted to the fiber optic adapter 500. Due to the change of the medium, and the light will be reflected when propagating at the interface of different media, the first emitting beam passes through the second When the cavity 4033 and the third cavity 4038 are emitted to the optical fiber end face in the optical fiber adapter 500, most of the first emitted beam is directly emitted into the optical fiber adapter 500 through the optical fiber end face, and a small part of the first emitted beam will be reflected at the optical fiber end face. The reflected first emission beam may return to the first light emitting component 420 along its original path, thus affecting the emission performance of the first light emitting component 420 .
  • an isolator may be provided in the second cavity 4033, and the first emitted beam that passes through the optical element 401 directly passes through the isolator. in the fiber optic adapter 500, and the isolator can isolate the first emission beam reflected on the fiber end face of the fiber optic adapter 500 to prevent the reflected first emission beam from returning to the first light emitting component 420, ensuring that the first light emitting component 420 launch performance.
  • the first emission beam emitted by the first light emitting component 420 is condensed light, and the spot of the condensed light at the focus is the smallest, so the isolator can be set at At the focal position of the first emitted beam, the size of the isolator required at this time is the smallest. This ensures that the aperture of the second cavity 4033 required by the isolator is the smallest, which is conducive to the miniaturization design of the second shell 402.
  • a first installation platform 4034, a second installation platform 4036 and a third installation platform 4035 are provided in the third cavity 4038.
  • the first installation platform 4034 is arranged obliquely, that is, along the emission direction of the first emission beam (from left to right). The distance between the first installation platform 4034 and the light receiving and receiving port 4028 gradually decreases.
  • a light-transmitting hole is provided on the first mounting platform 4034, and the light-transmitting hole is connected to the third cavity 4038, so that the first emitted light beam passing through the optical element 401 passes through the light-transmitting hole and is injected into the optical fiber.
  • the second emitted light beam reflected by the optical element 401 passes through the light-transmitting hole and enters the fiber optic adapter 500 .
  • the side of the fourth optical splitter 405 is pasted on the first mounting platform 4034, and a sixth angle is formed between the fourth optical splitter 405 and the emission optical axis.
  • the fourth optical splitter 405 has the function of reflecting the first receiving beam and the second receiving beam, and is configured to reflect the first receiving beam and the second receiving beam transmitted by the optical fiber adapter 500 .
  • the sixth angle is 40° ⁇ 50°.
  • the portion of the fourth optical splitter 405 exposed through the light-transmitting hole is provided with a reflective surface.
  • the first receiving beam and the second receiving beam transmitted by the optical fiber adapter 500 are emitted to the reflective surface of the fourth optical splitter 405, The first receiving beam and the second receiving beam are reflected at the reflective surface of the fourth beam splitter 405 .
  • the second installation platform 4036 is located below the first installation platform 4034, and the second installation platform 4036 is tilted, that is, along the emission direction of the first emission beam (from left to right), the second installation platform 4036 and the second light outlet The distance between 4030 gradually decreases.
  • the second mounting platform 4036 is provided with a through hole, and the third cavity 4038 is connected to the second light outlet 4030 through the through hole.
  • the side of the third beam splitter 407 is pasted on the second mounting platform 4036, and a seventh angle is formed between the fifth beam splitter 407 and the emission optical axis.
  • the third beam splitter 407 has the function of reflecting the first received beam and transmitting the second received beam, and is configured to transmit the second received beam reflected by the fourth beam splitter 405 and the first received beam reflected by the fourth beam splitter 405 Reflect.
  • the seventh angle is 6° ⁇ 20°.
  • a transmissive and reflective surface is provided on the side (lower surface) of the fifth optical splitter 407 facing the second light outlet 4030, and the first receiving beam and the second receiving beam reflected by the fourth optical splitter 405 are directed to In the third beam splitter 407, the reflected first received beam is reflected again on the transmissive reflective surface; the second received beam reflected by the fourth beam splitter 405 directly passes through the transmissive reflective surface and passes through the third beam of the fifth beam splitter 407. The two receiving light beams are injected into the second light receiving component 450 through the second light outlet 4030.
  • the lower surface of the fifth optical splitter 407 needs to be pasted on the second installation platform 4036, and the fifth optical splitter 407 needs to be placed on the second installation platform. In the through hole of the platform 4036, the size of the third cavity 4038 is also increased.
  • a transmissive and reflective surface is provided on the lower surface of the fifth beam splitter 407, only one through hole is needed to receive the light beam and emit it to the fifth beam splitter 407, thereby effectively reducing the size of the second tube shell 402, which is beneficial to Miniaturized design of the second shell 402.
  • a fixing part in order to facilitate the installation of the fifth optical splitter 407 on the second installation platform 4036, a fixing part can also be provided in the third cavity 4038.
  • the fixing part is installed obliquely on the second installation platform 4036, and the fixing part A light hole is provided on the top, and a fifth optical splitter 407 is installed on the lower surface of the fixing member.
  • the fifth optical splitter 407 is arranged corresponding to the light hole, so that the size of the fifth optical splitter 407 can be reduced.
  • the fixing member can be a disc with a light hole provided at the center of the disc.
  • the sides of the disc are pasted on the second installation platform 4036, and the fifth optical splitter 407 is installed at the center of the disc. at.
  • the third installation platform 4035 is located obliquely above the first installation platform 4034, and the third installation platform 4035 is arranged obliquely, that is, along the emission direction of the first emission beam (from left to right), the third installation platform 4035 and the second light emitting The distance between ports 4030 gradually decreases.
  • the third mounting platform 4035 is provided with a light hole, and the third cavity 4038 is connected to the first light outlet 4025 through the light hole.
  • the side of the sixth optical splitter 408 is pasted on the third mounting platform 4035, and an eighth angle is formed between the sixth optical splitter 408 and the emission optical axis.
  • the sixth beam splitter 408 has the function of transmitting the first received beam, and is configured to transmit the first received beam reflected again by the fifth beam splitter 407 .
  • the eighth angle is 10° ⁇ 22°.
  • a transmission surface is provided on the side (lower surface) of the sixth optical splitter 408 facing the fifth optical splitter 407 , and the first receiving beam reflected by the fifth optical splitter 407 directly passes through the sixth optical splitter 408 The first receiving light beam passing through the sixth beam splitter 408 is incident into the first light receiving component 440 through the first light outlet 4025.
  • a mounting slot is provided in the fixing platform 4026, and the mounting slot includes a fourth mounting platform 4039.
  • the fourth mounting platform 4039 is provided with a through hole communicating with the third mounting platform 4035.
  • the fourth mounting platform 4039 is arranged at an angle.
  • the distance between the fourth mounting platform 4039 and the central axis of the second tube shell 402 gradually decreases, that is, the inclination direction of the fourth mounting platform 4039 and the third The mounting platform 4035 is tilted in the same direction.
  • the first light receiving component 440 is inserted obliquely into the mounting groove of the fixed platform 4026.
  • the outer surface of the tube cap of the first light receiving component 440 is in contact with the fourth mounting platform 4039.
  • the incident lens of the first light receiving component 440 can be placed on the fourth mounting platform 4039. In the through hole of the mounting platform 4039, in this way, the first light receiving component 440 is tilted and installed on the second tube shell 402 through the mounting groove of the fixing platform 4026.
  • An eighth angle can be formed between the fourth mounting platform 4039 and the emitting optical axis in the second tube shell 402, that is, the angle between the fourth mounting platform 4039 and the emitting optical axis, and the angle between the third mounting platform 4035 and the emitting optical axis.
  • the angles can be the same, and the fourth installation platform 4039 and the third installation platform 4035 are arranged in parallel.
  • the angle between the fourth mounting platform 4039 and the emitting optical axis, and the angle between the third mounting platform 4035 and the emitting optical axis may also be different.
  • the angle between the fourth mounting platform 4039 and the third mounting platform 4035 Has a smaller angle.
  • the angle between the fourth mounting platform 4039 and the emission optical axis is 22°.
  • the sixth angle between the fourth beam splitter 405 and the emission optical axis in the second tube 402 is 44°
  • the seventh angle between the third beam splitter 407 and the emission optical axis is 9.5°
  • the eighth angle between the sixth beam splitter 408 and the emission optical axis is 21°.
  • the fourth beam splitter 405 , the fifth beam splitter 407 , and the sixth beam splitter 408 can be filters, prisms with filters or filter films attached, or other structures. Here, No specific restrictions are made.
  • the fourth optical splitter 405 , the fifth optical splitter 407 , and the sixth optical splitter 408 are all filters.
  • the filters are smaller in size and occupy less space, which is conducive to the compact size of the second tube shell 402 design.
  • the wavelength of the first receiving light beam can be 1270nm, 1310nm, 1490nm or 1577nm, etc., which is not specifically limited here; correspondingly, the wavelength of the second receiving light beam can be 1270nm, 1310nm, 1490nm or 1577nm, etc., which is not specified here. Specific limitations.
  • the wavelength of the first receiving beam is 1270 nm
  • the wavelength of the second receiving beam is 1310 nm.
  • the fourth optical splitter 405 has the function of reflecting the wavelength of 1270 nm and 1310 nm
  • the fifth optical splitter 407 has the function of transmitting the wavelength of 1310 nm and reflecting the wavelength of 1310 nm.
  • the fifth optical splitter 407 has the function of isolating 1490 nm, 1577 nm and other wavelengths
  • the sixth optical splitter 408 has the function of transmitting the 1270 nm wavelength.
  • Figure 25 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical transceiver device in an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • the optical fiber adapter 500 includes a connecting sleeve, an inner optical fiber 530, an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve.
  • One end of the connecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the outer sleeve, and the other end of the connecting sleeve is connected to the second tube shell 402.
  • the third surface 4027 is fixedly connected; the inner sleeve is fixed on the inner cavity side wall of the outer sleeve, and the inner optical fiber 530 is fixed in the inner cavity of the outer sleeve through the inner sleeve.
  • the connecting sleeve is provided with a mounting hole, which is connected with the inner cavity of the outer sleeve.
  • a converging lens 510 is disposed in the mounting hole.
  • the converging lens 510 protrudes from the connecting sleeve, and the converging lens 510 passes through the light-receiving and receiving port. 4028 is inserted into the third cavity 4038. In this way, the first receiving beam and the second receiving beam transmitted by the internal optical fiber 530 in the fiber optic adapter 500 are converted into collimated beams through the condensing lens 510, and the collimated beams are emitted to the fourth beam splitter 405 through the third cavity 4038.
  • An assembly hole is also provided in the third cavity 4038, and a first lens 403 is provided in the assembly hole.
  • the first lens 403 is located between the isolator 600 and the fourth beam splitter 405.
  • the first lens 403 is a collimating lens. It is configured to convert the first emitted light beam that passes through the optical element 401 and the second emitted light beam that is reflected at the optical element 401 into parallel light beams, and the parallel light beams directly pass through the fourth beam splitter 405 and enter the condensing lens 510, parallel
  • the light beam is converted into a condensed beam through the condenser lens 510, and the condensed beam is converged into the internal optical fiber 530.
  • the first emission beam emitted by the first light emission assembly 420 passes through the optical element 401 and the isolator 600 in sequence, and the first emission beam passing through the isolator 600 is converted into parallel light by the first lens 403
  • the beam and the parallel beam pass through the fourth beam splitter 405 and are injected into the internal optical fiber 530 of the fiber adapter 500 through the condensing lens 510, thereby realizing the emission of the first emission beam.
  • the first emitted beam and the second emitted beam can be combined at the optical element 401, that is, the second emitted beam is reflected at the optical element 401, and the reflected second emitted beam is transmitted through the optical element.
  • the first emitted beams of 401 are combined.
  • the combined light passes through the isolator 600.
  • the combined light passing through the isolator 600 is converted into a parallel beam through the first lens 403.
  • the parallel beam passes through the fourth beam splitter 405 and passes through the condensing lens 510. Injected into the internal optical fiber 530 of the fiber optic adapter 500, the first emission beam and the second emission beam are simultaneously emitted.
  • the first receiving beam and the second receiving beam transmitted through the fiber optic adapter 500 are converted into the first receiving parallel light and the second receiving parallel light through the condensing lens 510 , and the first receiving parallel light and the second receiving parallel light are passed through the fourth optical splitter 405 It is reflected to the fifth beam splitter 407, and the reflected second receiving parallel light directly passes through the fifth beam splitter 407 and enters the second light receiving component 450, thereby realizing the reception of the second receiving beam.
  • the first receiving beam and the second receiving beam transmitted by the fiber optic adapter 500 may be separate lights of different wavelengths, or may be a combined light including the first receiving beam and the second receiving beam.

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  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)

Abstract

公开的光模块包括光收发组件与光纤适配器，光收发组件包括第一管壳、设于第一管壳内的分光组件、与第一管壳连接的光发射组件、插入第一管壳的支架及光接收组件，第一管壳包括内腔，内腔内设有光学元件及位于光学元件下方的倾斜面，倾斜面被配置为对经由光学元件的透射面反射的光进行再次反射；分光组件包括支撑架及设于支撑架上的多个分光器，支撑架内设有准直透镜，光纤适配器端部的汇聚透镜插入支撑架内，分光器被配置为对光纤适配器传输的不同波长的光进行分光；支架包括设有倾斜安装面的安装槽，安装面与第一管壳连通，光接收组件设于安装面上。

Description

光模块
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开要求在2022年06月13日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210665581.5，在2022年06月13日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210667216.8，在2022年06月13日提交中国专利局、申请号为202221475327.0，在2022年06月13日提交中国专利局、申请号为202221475039.5，以及在2022年06月13日提交中国专利局、申请号为202221481014.6的专利优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及光通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种光模块。
背景技术
随着云计算、移动互联网、视频等新型业务和应用模式发展，光通信技术的发展进步变的愈加重要。而在光通信技术中，光模块是实现光电信号相互转换的工具，是光通信设备中的关键器件之一，并且随着光通信技术发展的需求光模块的传输速率不断提高。高速收发模块中，其核心组件是光模块中的BOSA(Bi-Directional Optical Sub-Assembly，光发射接收组件)结构。
发明内容
第一方面，本公开一些实施例提供了一种光模块，包括：电路板；光收发组件，与所述电路板电连接；光纤适配器，与所述光收发组件连接；其中，所述光收发组件包括：第一管壳，包括内腔及与所述内腔连通的入射光口、出射光口、收发一体光口，所述光纤适配器通过所述收发一体光口插入所述内腔内；所述内腔内设有光学元件与倾斜面，所述光学元件被配置为对射入所述第一管壳的发射光进行透射和/或反射；所述倾斜面位于所述光学元件的下方，所述倾斜面与所述光学元件上的透射面相对设置，被配置为对经由所述透射面反射的发射光进行再次反射，以使再次反射的发射光不穿过所述入射光口；分光组件，设置于所述内腔内，包括支撑架及设置于所述支撑架上的第一分光器、第二分光器与第三分光器，所述支撑架内设置有准直透镜，所述光纤适配器端部的汇聚透镜插入所述支撑架内；所述第一分光器、所述第二分光器与所述第三分光器被配置为对所述光纤适配器传输的不同波长的接收光进行反射分光；光发射组件，通过所述入射光口与所述第一管壳相连接，被配置为产生发射光，所述发射光依次经由所述光学元件、所述准直透镜、所述第一分光器与所述汇聚透镜耦合至所述光纤适配器；支架，插入所述出射光口，包括安装槽，所述安装槽的一端设置有开口，所述安装槽的另一端设置有倾斜的安装面，所述安装面与所述出射光口相连通；沿所述第一管壳内的光发射方向，所述安装面与所述第一管壳中轴线之间的距离逐渐减小；光接收组件，设置于所述安装面上，被配置为接收所述分光组件反射的接收光。
第二方面，本公开一些实施例提供了一种光模块，包括：电路板；光收发组件，与所述电路板电连接；光纤适配器，与所述光收发组件连接；其中，所述光收发组件包括：第二管壳，包括内腔及与所述内腔连通的入光口、出光口、收发光口，所述光纤适配器通过所述收发光口插入所述内腔内；所述内腔内设有光学元件与斜面，所述光学元件被配置为对射入所述第二管壳的发射光进行透射和/或反射；所述斜面位于所述光学元件的下方，所述斜面与所述光学元件上的透射面相对设置，被配置为对经由所述透射面反射的光进行再次反射，以使再次反射的发射光不穿过所述入光口；其上设置有突出的固定台，所述固定台内设置有安装槽，所述安装槽的一端设置有开口，所述安装槽的另一端设置有倾斜的安装平台，所述安装平台与所述出光口相连通；沿所述第二管壳内的光发射方向，所述安装平台与所述第二管壳中轴线之间的距离逐渐减小；多个分光器，设置于所述内腔内，与所述收发光口、出光口对应设置，被配置为对所述光纤适配器传输的不同波长的接收光进行反射分光；光发射组件，通过所述入光口与所述第二管壳相连接，被配置为产生发射光，所述发射光依次经由所述光学元件、所述分光器耦合至所述光纤适配器；光接收组件，设置于所述安装平台上，与所述第二管壳之间具有预设角度，被配置为接收所述分光器反射的接收光。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开中的技术方案，下面将对本公开一些实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例的附图，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。此外，以下描述中的附图可以视作示意图，并非对本公开实施例所涉及的产品的实际尺寸、方法的实际流程、信号的实际时序等的限制。
图1为根据一些实施例的一种光通信系统的连接关系图；
图2为根据一些实施例的一种光网络终端的结构图；
图3为根据一些实施例的一种光模块的结构图；
图4为根据一些实施例的一种光模块的分解图；
图5为根据一些实施例的一种光模块中一种光收发组件的结构示意图；
图6为根据一些实施例的一种光模块中一种光收发组件的分解示意图；
图7为根据一些实施例的一种光模块中一种管壳的结构示意图；
图8为根据一些实施例的一种光模块中一种管壳的另一角度结构示意图；
图9为根据一些实施例的一种光模块中一种管壳的第三角度α结构示意图；
图10为根据一些实施例的一种光模块中一种管壳的剖视图；
图11为根据一些实施例的一种光模块中支撑架的结构示意图；
图12为根据一些实施例的一种光模块中支撑架的另一角度结构示意图；
图13为根据一些实施例的一种光模块中支撑架的剖视图；
图14为根据一些实施例的一种光模块中分光组件与光纤适配器的装配剖视图；
图15为根据一些实施例的一种光模块的接收光路示意图；
图16为根据一些实施例的一种光模块中支架的结构示意图；
图17为根据一些实施例的一种光模块中支架的另一角度结构示意图；
图18为根据一些实施例的一种光模块中一种光收发器件的剖视图；
图19为根据一些实施例的一种光模块中另一种光收发器件的结构示意图；
图20为根据一些实施例的一种光模块中另一种光收发器件的分解示意图；
图21为根据一些实施例的一种光模块中另一种管壳的结构示意图；
图22为根据一些实施例的一种光模块中另一种管壳的另一角度结构示意图；
图23为根据一些实施例的一种光模块中另一种管壳的剖视图；
图24为根据一些实施例的一种光模块中另一种管壳的另一角度剖视图；
图25为根据一些实施例的一种光模块中另一种光收发器件的剖视图；
图26为根据一些实施例的一种光模块中光接收组件的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本公开一些实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开所提供的实施例，本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非上下文另有要求，否则，在整个说明书和权利要求书中，术语“包括(comprise)”及其他形式例如第三人称单数形式“包括(comprises)”和现在分词形式“包括(comprising)”被解释为开放、包含的意思，即为“包含，但不限于”。在说明书的描述中，术语“一个实施例(one embodiment)”、“一些实施例(some embodiments)”、“示例性实施例(exemplary embodiments)”、“示例(example)”、“特定示例(specific example)”或“一些示例(some examples)”等旨在表明与该实施例或示例相关的特定特征、结构、材料或特性包括在本公开的至少一个实施例或示例中。上述术语的示意性表示不一定是指同一实施例或示例。此外，所述的特定特征、结构、材料或特点可以以任何适当方式包括在任何一个或多个实施例或示例中。
以下，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本公开实施例的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在描述一些实施例时，可能使用了“耦接”和“连接”及其衍伸的表达。例如，描述一些实施例时可能使用了术语“连接”以表明两个或两个以上部件彼此间有直接物理接触或电接触。又如，描述一些实施例时可能使用了术语“耦接”以表明两个或两个以上部件有直接物理接触或电接触。然而，术语“耦接”或“通信耦合(communicatively coupled)”也可能指两个或两个以上部件彼此间并无直接接触，但仍彼此协作或相互作用。这里所公开的实施例并不必然限制于本文内容。
“A、B和C中的至少一个”与“A、B或C中的至少一个”具有相同含义，均包括以下A、B和C的组合：仅A，仅B，仅C，A和B的组合，A和C的组合，B和C的组 合，及A、B和C的组合。
“A和/或B”，包括以下三种组合：仅A，仅B，及A和B的组合。
本文中“被配置为”的使用意味着开放和包容性的语言，其不排除被配置为执行额外任务或步骤的设备。
如本文所使用的那样，“约”、“大致”或“近似”包括所阐述的值以及处于特定值的可接受偏差范围内的平均值，其中所述可接受偏差范围如由本领域普通技术人员考虑到正在讨论的测量以及与特定量的测量相关的误差(即，测量系统的局限性)所确定。
光通信技术中，使用光携带待传输的信息，并使携带有信息的光信号通过光纤或光波导等信息传输设备传输至计算机等信息处理设备，以完成信息的传输。由于光信号通过光纤或光波导中传输时具有无源传输特性，因此可以实现低成本、低损耗的信息传输。此外，光纤或光波导等信息传输设备传输的信号是光信号，而计算机等信息处理设备能够识别和处理的信号是电信号，因此为了在光纤或光波导等信息传输设备与计算机等信息处理设备之间建立信息连接，需要实现电信号与光信号的相互转换。
光模块在光纤通信技术领域中实现上述光信号与电信号的相互转换功能。光模块包括光口和电口，光模块通过光口实现与光纤或光波导等信息传输设备的光通信，通过电口实现与光网络终端(例如，光猫)之间的电连接，电连接主要被配置为实现供电、I2C信号传输、数据信号传输以及接地等；光网络终端通过网线或无线保真技术(Wi-Fi)将电信号传输给计算机等信息处理设备。
图1为根据一些实施例的一种光通信系统的连接关系图。如图1所示，光通信系统主要包括远端服务器1000、本地信息处理设备2000、光网络终端100、光模块200、光纤101及网线103；
光纤101的一端连接远端服务器1000，另一端通过光模块200与光网络终端100连接。光纤本身可支持远距离信号传输，例如数千米(6千米至8千米)的信号传输，在此基础上如果使用中继器，则理论上可以实现超长距离传输。因此在通常的光通信系统中，远端服务器1000与光网络终端100之间的距离通常可达到数千米、数十千米或数百千米。
网线103的一端连接本地信息处理设备2000，另一端连接光网络终端100。本地信息处理设备2000可以为以下设备中的任一种或几种：路由器、交换机、计算机、手机、平板电脑、电视机等。
远端服务器1000与光网络终端100之间的物理距离大于本地信息处理设备2000与光网络终端100之间的物理距离。本地信息处理设备2000与远端服务器1000的连接由光纤101与网线103完成；而光纤101与网线103之间的连接由光模块200和光网络终端100完成。
光模块200包括光口和电口。光口被配置为与光纤101连接，从而使得光模块200与光纤101建立双向的光信号连接；电口被配置为接入光网络终端100中，从而使得光模块200与光网络终端100建立双向的电信号连接。光模块200实现光信号与电信号的相互转换，从而使得光纤101与光网络终端100之间建立连接。示例的，来自光纤101的光信号由光模块200转换为电信号后输入至光网络终端100中，来自光网络终端100的电信号由 光模块200转换为光信号输入至光纤101中。
光网络终端100包括大致呈长方体的壳体(housing)，以及设置在壳体上的光模块接口102和网线接口104。光模块接口102被配置为接入光模块200，从而使得光网络终端100与光模块200建立双向的电信号连接；网线接口104被配置为接入网线103，从而使得光网络终端100与网线103建立双向的电信号连接。光模块200与网线103之间通过光网络终端100建立连接。示例的，光网络终端100将来自光模块200的电信号传递给网线103，将来自网线103的信号传递给光模块200，因此光网络终端100作为光模块200的上位机，可以监控光模块200的工作。光模块200的上位机除光网络终端100之外还可以包括光线路终端(Optical Line Terminal，OLT)等。
远端服务器1000通过光纤101、光模块200、光网络终端100及网线103，与本地信息处理设备2000之间建立了双向的信号传递通道。
图2为根据一些实施例的一种光网络终端的结构图，为了清楚地显示光模块200与光网络终端100的连接关系，图2仅示出了光网络终端100的与光模块200相关的结构。如图2所示，光网络终端100中还包括设置于壳体内的PCB电路板105，设置在PCB电路板105的表面的笼子106，以及设置在笼子106内部的电连接器。电连接器被配置为接入光模块200的电口；散热器107具有增大散热面积的翅片等凸起部。
光模块200插入光网络终端100的笼子106中，由笼子106固定光模块200，光模块200产生的热量传导给笼子106，然后通过散热器107进行扩散。光模块200插入笼子106中后，光模块200的电口与笼子106内部的电连接器连接，从而光模块200与光网络终端100建立双向的电信号连接。此外，光模块200的光口与光纤101连接，从而光模块200与光纤101建立双向的电信号连接。
图3为根据一些实施例的一种光模块的结构图，图4为根据一些实施例的一种光模块的分解图。如图3和图4所示，光模块200包括壳体(shell)，设置于壳体内的电路板300及光收发组件400。
壳体包括上壳体201和下壳体202，上壳体201盖合在下壳体202上，以形成具有两个开口的上述壳体；壳体的外轮廓一般呈现方形体。
在本公开的一些实施例中，下壳体202包括底板以及位于底板两侧、与底板垂直设置的两个下侧板；上壳体201包括盖板，盖板盖合在下壳体202的两个下侧板上，以形成上述壳体。
在一些实施例中，下壳体202包括底板以及位于底板两侧、与底板垂直设置的两个下侧板；上壳体201包括盖板以及位于盖板两侧、与盖板垂直设置的两个上侧板，由两个上侧板与两个下侧板结合，以实现上壳体201盖合在下壳体202上。
两个开口204和205的连线所在的方向可以与光模块200的长度方向一致，也可以与光模块200的长度方向不一致。例如，开口204位于光模块200的端部(图3的右端)，开口205也位于光模块200的端部(图3的左端)。或者，开口204位于光模块200的端部，而开口205则位于光模块200的侧部。开口204为电口，电路板300的金手指从电口204伸出，插入上位机(例如，光网络终端100)中；开口205为光口，被配置为接入外 部光纤101，以使外部光纤101连接光模块200内部的光收发组件400。
采用上壳体201、下壳体202结合的装配方式，便于将电路板300、光收发组件400等器件安装到壳体中，由上壳体201、下壳体202对这些器件形成封装保护。此外，在装配电路板300和光收发组件400等器件时，便于这些器件的定位部件、散热部件以及电磁屏蔽部件的部署，有利于自动化地实施生产。
在一些实施例中，上壳体201及下壳体202一般采用金属材料制成，利于实现电磁屏蔽以及散热。
在一些实施例中，光模块200还包括位于其壳体外部的解锁部件203，解锁部件203被配置为实现光模块200与上位机之间的固定连接，或解除光模块200与上位机之间的固定连接。
示例地，解锁部件203位于下壳体202的两个下侧板的外壁上，具有与上位机笼子(例如，光网络终端100的笼子106)匹配的卡合部件。当光模块200插入上位机的笼子里，由解锁部件203的卡合部件将光模块200固定在上位机的笼子里；拉动解锁部件203时，解锁部件203的卡合部件随之移动，进而改变卡合部件与上位机的连接关系，以解除光模块200与上位机的卡合关系，从而可以将光模块200从上位机的笼子里抽出。
电路板300包括电路走线、电子元件及芯片，通过电路走线将电子元件和芯片按照电路设计连接在一起，以实现供电、电信号传输及接地等功能。电子元件例如包括电容、电阻、三极管、金属氧化物半导体场效应管(Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor，MOSFET)。芯片例如包括微控制单元(Microcontroller Unit，MCU)、激光驱动芯片、限幅放大器(limiting amplifier)、时钟数据恢复(Clock and Data Recovery，CDR)芯片、电源管理芯片、数字信号处理(Digital Signal Processing，DSP)芯片。
电路板300一般为硬性电路板，硬性电路板由于其相对坚硬的材质，还可以实现承载作用，如硬性电路板可以平稳地承载上述电子元件和芯片；当光收发组件位于电路板上时，硬性电路板也可以提供平稳地承载；硬性电路板还可以插入上位机笼子中的电连接器中。
电路板300还包括形成在其端部表面的金手指，金手指由相互独立的多个引脚组成。电路板300插入笼子106中，由金手指与笼子106内的电连接器导通连接。金手指可以仅设置在电路板300一侧的表面(例如图4所示的上表面)，也可以设置在电路板300上下两侧的表面，以适应引脚数量需求大的场合。金手指被配置为与上位机建立电连接，以实现供电、接地、I2C信号传递、数据信号传递等。
当然，部分光模块中也会使用柔性电路板。柔性电路板一般与硬性电路板配合使用，以作为硬性电路板的补充。例如，硬性电路板与光收发组件之间可以采用柔性电路板连接。
光收发组件400包括光发射组件及光接收组件，光发射组件被配置为实现光信号的发射，光接收组件被配置为实现光信号的接收。示例地，光发射组件及光接收组件结合在一起，形成一体地光收发组件。
图5为根据一些实施例的光模块中一种光收发组件的结构示意图，图6为根据一些实施例的光模块中一种光收发组件的分解示意图。如图5、图6所示，根据一些实施例的光模块包括光收发组件400，该光收发组件400可包括第一管壳410、光发射组件与光接收 组件，第一管壳410包括入射光口、收发一体光口与接收光口，光发射组件通过入射光口与第一管壳410连接，光接收组件通过接收光口与第一管壳410连接，光纤适配器500经由收发一体光口与第一管壳410连接，该光纤适配器500能够作为光纤的接头，允许光纤由光接口接入。如此，光发射组件发射的光束通过入射光口射入第一管壳410内，发射光束再经由第一管壳410透过收发一体光口耦合至光纤适配器500，实现了光的发射；光纤适配器500传输的接收光束通过收发一体光口射入第一管壳410内，接收光束再经由第一管壳410透过接收光口传输至光接收组件，实现了光的接收。
在一些实施例中，光收发组件400可只包括一个光发射组件与一个光接收组件，第一管壳410可只包括一个入射光口、一个收发一体光口与一个接收光口，一个光发射组件通过入射光口与第一管壳410连接，一个光接收组件通过接收光口与第一管壳410连接，光纤适配器500通过收发一体光口与第一管壳410连接，如此能够实现光收发组件400的一路光发射、一路光接收。
在一些实施例中，光收发组件400还可包括两个光发射组件与两个光接收组件，第一管壳410包括两个入射光口、两个接收光口与一个收发一体光口，即光收发组件400包括第一光发射组件420、第二光发射组件430、第一光接收组件440与第二光接收组件450，第一管壳410包括第一入射光口、第二入射光口、第一接收光口、第二接收光口与收发一体光口，第一光发射组件420通过第一入射光口与第一管壳410连接，第二光发射组件430通过第二入射光口与第一管壳410连接，第一光接收组件440通过第一接收光口与第一管壳410连接，第二光接收组件450通过第二接收光口与第一管壳410连接，光纤适配器500通过收发一体光口与第一管壳410连接。
在一些实施例中，第二光发射组件430创新优化结构设计，采用与低速GPON OLT通用的TO56 1490header和管帽等物料，实现了产品的低成本和通用化设计。
第一入射光口位于第一管壳410的左侧面，第二入射光口位于第一管壳410的上侧面，第一接收光口位于第一管壳410的上侧面，第二接收光口位于第一管壳410的下侧面，收发一体光口位于第一管壳410的右侧面。即第一入射光口与收发一体光口相对设置，第二入射光口与第一接收光口位于第一管壳410的同一侧，第一接收光口与第二接收光口相对设置。
由于第一光发射组件420发射光束的发射方向与光纤适配器500的光束接收方向位于同一方向，即第一光发射组件420的发射方向与电路板300相平行，光纤适配器500的光接收方向也与电路板300相平行，如此，第一光发射组件420发射的光束通过第一入射光口射入第一管壳410内，发射光束直接透过第一管壳410耦合至光纤适配器500内，实现了一路光的发射。
在一些实施例中，第一光发射组件420的出光端设置有耦合透镜，第一光发射组件420内的激光器发射的激光光束经由耦合透镜转换为汇聚光束，汇聚光束经由第一入射光口射入第一管壳410内。
在一些实施例中，第一光发射组件420发射的第一发射光束沿收发一体光口的中轴线方向传输，使得第一发射光束穿过第一管壳410射入光纤适配器500内。需要说明的是， 收发一体光口的中轴线是指经过收发一体光口的中心、且与收发一体光口所在面垂直的轴线。
由于第二光发射组件430发射光束的发射方向与光纤适配器500的光束接收方向位于不同方向，即第二光发射组件430的发射方向与电路板300相垂直，光纤适配器500的光接收方向与电路板300相平行，需通过第一管壳410对第二光发射组件430的发射光束进行反射，使得反射后发射光束的发射方向与光纤适配器500的光接收方向位于同一方向。如此，第二光发射组件430发射的光束通过第二入射光口射入第一管壳410内，通过第一管壳410反射后的发射光束耦合至光纤适配器500内，实现了另一路光的发射。
在一些实施例中，第二光发射组件430发射的第二发射光束经由第一管壳410反射，反射后的第二发射光束沿收发一体光口的中轴线方向传输，使得反射后的第二发射光束穿过第一管壳410射入光纤适配器500内。
在一些实施例中，第一管壳410内设置有光学元件401，光学元件401位于第一光发射组件420发射光路与第二光发射组件430发射光路的交点处，即光学元件401同时位于第一光发射组件420与第二光发射组件430的光束发射方向。
光学元件401具有透射第一发射光束、反射第二发射光束的作用，第一发射光束与反射后的第二发射光束可经由光学元件401进行合光，合光后的光束耦合至光纤适配器500。如此，第一光发射组件420发射的第一发射光束能够直接透过光学元件401，第二光发射组件430发射的第二发射光束在光学元件401处发生反射，反射后的第二发射光束与第一发射光束的发射方向相同，因此第一发射光束与反射后的第二发射光束在光学元件401处进行合光。
光学元件401具有透射面与反射面，透射面与第一光发射组件420相对设置，如此第一光发射组件420发射的第一发射光束经由透射面直接透过光学元件401；反射面与第二光发射组件430相对设置，如此第二光发射组件430发射的第二发射光束经由反射面进行反射，反射后的第二发射光束沿第一发射光束的发射方向传输，且反射后的第二发射光束与第一发射光束在反射面处进行合光。
在一些实施例中，光学元件401可为滤波片，也可为贴设有滤波片或滤波膜的棱镜，还可为其他结构，只要光学元件401具有透过第一发射光束、反射第二发射光束的功能即可。
在一些实施例中，光学元件401为滤波片，滤波片的体积较小，占用空间较小，有利于光收发组件400的体积小型化设计。
在一些实施例中，通过对光路进行仿真和色散分析，使得光学元件401产生的像散与第一光发射组件420内激光器固有的像散抵消，实现了60％的高耦合效率，实现了自制芯片的高利用率。
在一些实施例中，第一发射光束的波长可为1270nm、1310nm、1490nm或1577nm等，相应的，第二发射光束的波长也可为1270nm、1310nm、1490nm或1577nm等。
在一些实施例中，第一发射光束的波长为1577nm，第二发射光束的波长为1490nm，如此光学元件401具有透射1577nm、反射1490nm的功能，第一光发射组件420发射的 1577nm的第一发射光束直接透过光学元件401，第二光发射组件430发射的1490nm的第二发射光束在光学元件401处发生反射，反射后的第二发射光束与第一发射光束合光后传输至光纤适配器500。
由于第一光接收组件440接收光束的接收方向与光纤适配器500的光束发射方向位于不同方向，即第一光接收组件440的接收方向与电路板300相垂直，光纤适配器500的光发射方向与电路板300相平行，需通过第一管壳410对光纤适配器500的接收光束进行反射，使得反射后接收光束的发射方向与第一光接收组件440的接收方向位于同一方向。如此，光纤适配器500接收的外部光束通过收发一体光口射入第一管壳410内，通过第一管壳410反射后的接收光束耦合至第一光接收组件440内，实现了一路光的接收。
由于第二光接收组件450接收光束的接收方向与光纤适配器500的光束发射方向位于不同方向，即第二光接收组件450的接收方向与电路板300相垂直，光纤适配器500的光发射方向与电路板300相平行，需通过第一管壳410对光纤适配器500的接收光束进行反射，使得反射后接收光束的发射方向与第二光接收组件450的接收方向位于同一方向。如此，光纤适配器500接收的外部光束通过收发一体光口射入第一管壳410内，通过第一管壳410反射后的接收光束耦合至第二光接收组件450内，实现了另一路光的接收。
在一些实施例中，第一管壳410内还设置有分光组件470，分光组件470位于收发一体光口接收外部光束的接收方向上，且分光组件470靠近第一光接收组件440与第二光接收组件450，光纤适配器500传输的多路接收光束经分光组件470分波后分别传输至第一光接收组件440、第二光接收组件450。
分光组件470具有反射分光的作用，经由收发一体光口射入第一管壳410的第一接收光束、第二接收光束在分光组件470处进行反射分光，经由分光组件470分开后的第一接收光束传输至第一光接收组件440，经由分光组件470分开后的第二接收光束传输至第二光接收组件450。
图7为根据一些实施例的光模块中管壳的结构示意图，图8为根据一些实施例的光模块中管壳的另一角度结构示意图，图9为根据一些实施例的光模块中管壳的第三角度α结构示意图，图10为根据一些实施例的光模块中管壳的剖视图。如图7、图8、图9、图10所示，第一管壳410包括第一侧面4101、顶面4103、第二侧面4106与底面4108，第一侧面4101与第二侧面4106相对设置，顶面4103与底面4108相对设置，顶面4103的两端分别与第一侧面4101、第二侧面4106相连接。
第一侧面4101上设置有第一入射光口4102，第一入射光口4102与第一管壳410的内腔相连通，第一光发射组件420通过第一侧面4101与第一管壳410连接，如此第一光发射组件420发射的第一发射光束经由第一入射光口4102射入第一管壳410内。在一些实施例中，第一光发射组件420可通过调节套筒与第一侧面4101固定连接。
在一些实施例中，第一光发射组件420通过调节套筒与第一管壳410的第一侧面4101固定连接时，可在第一光发射组件420与第一管壳410、光纤适配器500的功率耦合后进行激光焊接，以提高第一光发射组件420与光纤适配器500的耦合效率。。
顶面4103上设置有第二入射光口4104，第二入射光口4104与第一管壳410的内腔相 连通，第二光发射组件430通过第二入射光口4104与第一管壳410连接，如此第二光发射组件430发射的第二发射光束经由第二入射光口4104射入第一管壳410内。在一些实施例中，第二光发射组件430可插入第二入射光口4104内，第二光发射组件430的外壁与第二入射光口4104的内壁粘接固定。
顶面4103上还设置有第一出射光口4105，第一出射光口4105与第一管壳410的内腔相连通，第一光接收组件440通过第一出射光口4105与第一管壳410连接，如此第一管壳410接收的第一接收光束经由第一出射光口4105射入第一光接收组件440内。
第二侧面4106上设置有收发一体光口4107，收发一体光口4107与第一管壳410的内腔相连通，光纤适配器500通过收发一体光口4107与第一管壳410连接，如此光纤适配器500传输的接收光束经由收发一体光口4107射入第一管壳410内。在一些实施例中，光纤适配器500通过收发一体光口4107插入第一管壳410内，以实现光纤适配器500与第一管壳410的固定连接。
底面4108上设置有第二出射光口4109，第二出射光口4109与第一管壳410的内腔相连通，第二光接收组件450通过底面4108与第一管壳410连接，如此第一管壳410接收的第二接收光束经由第二出射光口4109射入第二光接收组件450内。在一些实施例中，第二光接收组件450可插入第二出射光口4109内，第二光接收组件450的外壁与第二出射光口4109的内壁粘接固定。
第一管壳410内的内腔包括第一内腔4110、第二内腔4113与第三内腔4114，第一内腔4110通过第二内腔4113与第三内腔4114相连通，第一内腔4110与第一入射光口4102、第二入射光口4104相连通，光学元件401位于第一内腔4110内；第三内腔4114与第一出射光口4105、第二出射光口4109、收发一体光口4107相连通，分光组件470位于第三内腔4114内。
第一内腔4110内设置有支撑平台4111，该支撑平台4111倾斜设置，由第一入射光口4102向第二内腔4113方向上，支撑平台4111由上向下倾斜设置，即沿着第一发射光束的发射方向，支撑平台4111与第二入射光口4104之间的距离逐渐增加，使得支撑平台4111与发射光轴之间形成第一角度。在一些实施例中，第一角度为45度。
光学元件401的透射面粘贴在支撑平台4111上，如此光学元件401与发射光轴之间存在第一角度，第二光发射组件430发射的第二发射光束在光学元件401的反射面发生反射，反射后的第二发射光束与第一发射光束的发射方向相同。
在一些实施例中，为方便第一光发射组件420发射的第一发射光束能够透过光学元件401，支撑平台4111上设置有透光孔，该透光孔与第一内腔4110相连通。如此，第一光发射组件420发射的第一发射光束穿过第一内腔4110、透光孔射至光学元件401，且第一发射光束直接透过光学元件401。
在一些实施例中，支撑平台4111上的透光孔可以直接为开孔，也可以为由透光材料制成的平台区域，只要第一光发射组件420发射的第一发射光束能够通过透光孔透过光学元件401即可。
在一些实施例中，在第一发射光束在光学元件401进行透射时，大部分(约为95％) 第一发射光束直接透过光学元件401，但仍有部分(约为5％)第一发射光束可能会在光学元件401的透射面处发生反射，而反射后的第一发射光束可能会在第一内腔4110的内壁处再次发生反射，再次反射后的第一发射光束可能会经由第二入射光口4104射入第二光发射组件430内，造成反射光对第二发射光束的串扰。
为了避免反射后的第一发射光束对第二发射光束造成串扰，在第一内腔4110的内壁上设置有倾斜面4112，该倾斜面4112位于支撑平台4111的下方，且沿着第一发射光束的发射方向，倾斜面4112与第二入射光口4104之间的距离逐渐减小。如此，部分第一发射光束在光学元件401的透射面处发生反射后，反射后的第一发射光束在倾斜面4112再次发生反射，由于倾斜面4112倾斜设置，因此再次反射后的第一发射光束向外发散，能够减少再次反射后的第一发射光束射入第二入射光口4104，也就能够有效减少反射光对第二发射光束的串扰。
为了能够减少第一发射光束在倾斜面4112反射后的光束射入第二入射光口4104，倾斜面4112与发射光轴之间形成第二角度。在一些实施例中，第二角度为20°～50°。
在一些实施例中，第一光发射组件420发射的第一发射光束透过光学元件401后传输至光纤适配器500，由于介质的变化，且光在不同介质的界面传播会发生反射，因此第一发射光束穿过第二内腔4113、第三内腔4114射至光纤适配器500内的光纤端面时，大部分第一发射光束直接透过光纤端面射入光纤适配器500内，小部分第一发射光束会在光纤端面处发生反射，反射后的第一发射光束可能会沿原路返回第一光发射组件420内，从而影响第一光发射组件420的发射性能。
为了避免反射后的第一发射光束沿原路返回第一光发射组件420，可在第二内腔4113内可设置有隔离器，透过光学元件401的第一发射光束直接穿过隔离器射入光纤适配器500内，而该隔离器可隔离在光纤适配器500的光纤端面反射的第一发射光束，以避免反射后的第一发射光束返回第一光发射组件420内，保证了第一光发射组件420的发射性能。
在一些实施例中，经由第一光发射组件420出光端的耦合透镜，第一光发射组件420发射的第一发射光束为汇聚光，汇聚光在焦点处的光斑最小，因此可将隔离器设置在第一发射光束的焦点位置，此时需要的隔离器尺寸最小，如此就保证了隔离器需要的第二内腔4113孔径最小，有利于实现第一管壳410的体积小型化设计。
第三内腔4114内设置的分光组件470包括支撑架4710与多个分光器，分光器固定在支撑架4710上，支撑架4710固定在第三内腔4114内，如此多个分光器通过支撑架4710固定在第三内腔4114内。
图11为根据一些实施例的光模块中支撑架的结构示意图，图12为根据一些实施例的光模块中支撑架的另一角度结构示意图，图13为根据一些实施例的光模块中支撑架的剖视图。如图11、图12、图13所示，支撑架4710包括第一连接部4704、支撑部与第二连接部4705，第一连接部4704通过支撑部与第二连接部4705连接，第一连接部4704背向光纤适配器500，第二连接部4705与光纤适配器500固定连接。
支撑架4710内设置有贯穿第一连接部4704、支撑部与第二连接部4705的通光孔4706，透过光学元件401的第一发射光束、在光学元件401处反射的第二发射光束穿过支撑架 4710的通光孔4706射入光纤适配器500内。
支撑部上设置有第一支撑面4701、第一限位面4709、第二支撑面4702、第二限位面4703与第三支撑面4707，第一支撑面4701倾斜设置，即沿着第一发射光束的发射方向(由左至有)，第一支撑面4701与第一连接部4704之间的距离逐渐增加。第一限位面4709位于第一支撑面4701的左下方，一分光器的端面抵在第一限位面4709上，该分光器的侧面粘贴在第一支撑面4701上，由此通过第一支撑面4701、第一限位面4709将一分光器固定在支撑部上。
第二支撑面4702倾斜设置，即沿着第一发射光束的发射方向(由左至右)，第二支撑面4702与第二连接部4705之间的距离逐渐减小。第二限位面4703位于第二支撑面4702的右下方，另一分光器的端面抵在第二限位面4703上，该分光器的侧面粘贴在第二支撑面4702上，分光器的另一端面抵在第一连接部4704的顶面上，由此通过第二支撑面4702、第二限位面4703、第一连接部4704的顶面将另一分光器固定在支撑部上。
在一些实施例中，支撑部内的通光孔穿过第一支撑面4701与第二支撑面4702，固定在第二支撑面4702上的分光器位于固定在第一支撑面4701上分光器的上方。
支撑部朝向第二出射光口4109的一侧设置有第三支撑面4707，该第三支撑面4707倾斜设置，即沿着第一发射光束的发射方向，第三支撑面4707与第二出射光口4109之间的距离逐渐减小。第三分光器的侧面粘贴在第三支撑面4707上，由此通过第三支撑面4707将第三分光器固定在支撑部上。
在一些实施例中，第三支撑面4707上设置有通孔4708，该通孔4708与支撑部内的通光孔相连通，光纤适配器500传输的多个接收光束在第一支撑面4701上的第一分光器处进行反射，反射后的接收光束射至第三支撑面4707上的第二分光器，第二分光器对多个接收光束进行分光，一路接收光束透过第二分光器射入第二光接收组件450，另一路接收光束在第二分光器处再次反射，再次反射后的接收光束直接透过第二支撑面4702上的第三分光器，透过第三分光器的接收光束射入第一光接收组件440内。
图14为根据一些实施例的光模块中分光组件与光纤适配器的装配剖视图。如图14所示，光纤适配器500包括连接套筒520、内部光纤530、外套筒540与内套筒550，连接套筒520与外套筒540固定连接，内套筒550固定在外套筒540的内腔侧壁上，内部光纤530通过内套筒550固定在外套筒540的内腔内。连接套筒520上设置有安装孔，该安装孔与外套筒540的内腔相连通，该安装孔内设置有汇聚透镜510，该汇聚透镜510突出于连接套筒520，且汇聚透镜510插入第二连接部4705的通光孔内。如此，光纤适配器500中的内部光纤530传输的第一接收光束、第二接收光束经由汇聚透镜510转换为准直光束，准直光束经由第二连接部4705内的通光孔射入支撑架4710内。
在一些实施例中，第一连接部4704内的通光孔内设置有准直透镜4115，该准直透镜4115被配置为将透过光学元件401的第一发射光束、在光学元件401处反射的第二发射光束分别转换为准直光束，准直光束直接透过第一支撑面4701上的分光器射入汇聚透镜510内，准直光束经由汇聚透镜510转换为汇聚光束，汇聚光束汇聚至内部光纤530内。
分光组件470包括第一分光器4116、第二分光器4118与第三分光器4117，第一分光 器4116面向光纤适配器500，被配置为对来自光纤适配器500的多路接收光束进行反射；第二分光器4118面向第二光接收组件450，被配置为对来自第一分光器4116的多路反射后的接收光束进行分光，一路接收光束直接透过第二分光器4118射入第二光接收组件450内，另一路接收光束在第二分光器4118处再次发生反射；第三分光器4117面向第一光接收组件440，被配置为对来自第二分光器4118的再次反射的接收光束进行透射，透过的接收光束射入第一光接收组件440内。
图15为根据一些实施例的光模块的接收光路示意图。如图15所示，第一分光器4116的下端面抵在第一限位面4709上，第一分光器4116的侧面粘贴在第一支撑面4701上，第一分光器4116与发射光轴之间形成第三角度α。第一分光器4116具有反射第一接收光束、第二接收光束的功能，被配置为对光纤适配器500传输的第一接收光束、第二接收光束进行反射。在一些实施例中，第三角度α为40°～50°。
在一些实施例中，第一分光器4116通过通光孔露出的部分设置有反射面a，光纤适配器500传输的第一接收光束、第二接收光束射至第一分光器4116的反射面a时，第一接收光束、第二接收光束在第一分光器4116的反射面a处发生反射。
第二分光器4118的侧面粘贴在第三支撑面4707上，位于支撑架4710的外侧，第二分光器4118与发射光轴之间形成第四角度β。第二分光器4118具有反射第一接收光束、透射第二接收光束的功能，被配置为对第一分光器4116反射后的第一接收光束、第二接收光束进行透射、反射。在一些实施例中，第四角度β为6°～20°。
在一些实施例中，第二分光器4118通过通孔4708露出的上表面上设置有透射面，第二分光器4118位于支撑架4710外侧的下表面上设置有透射反射面b，经由第一分光器4116反射后的第一接收光束、第二接收光束射至第二分光器4118，反射后的第一接收光束透过上表面的透射面传输至下表面的透射反射面b，在透射反射面b进行再次反射；反射后的第二接收光束依次透过上表面的透射面、下表面的透射反射面b，透过第二分光器4118的第二接收光束经由第二出射光口4109射入第二光接收组件450内。
如果在第二分光器4118的上表面设置透射反射面，就需将第二分光器4118的下表面粘贴在第三支撑面4707上,也就需要将第二分光器4118置于通孔4708内，也就增加了支撑架4710的尺寸。但，在第二分光器4118的下表面设置透射反射面时，第二分光器4118可贴在支撑架4710的外侧，只需设置一通孔4708方便接收光束射至第二分光器4118即可，从而能够有效减小支撑架4710的尺寸，有利于第一管壳410的小型化设计。
第三分光器4117的右端面抵住第二限位面4703，左端面抵住第一连接部4704的顶面，下侧面粘贴在第二支撑面4702上，第三分光器4117与发射光轴之间形成第五角度γ。第三分光器4117具有透射第一接收光束的功能，被配置为对第二分光器4118反射后的第一接收光束进行透射。在一些实施例中，第五角度γ为10°～22°。
在一些实施例中，第三分光器4117的下表面设置有透射面c，经由第二分光器4118反射后的第一接收光束直接透过第三分光器4117，透过第三分光器4117的第一接收光束经由第一出射光口4105射入第一光接收组件440内。
在一些实施例中，第一分光器4116与第一管壳410内发射光轴之间的第三角度α为 45°，第二分光器4118与发射光轴之间的第四角度β为8°，第三分光器4117与发射光轴之间的第五角度γ为16°。如此光纤适配器500传输的第一接收光束、第二接收光束经由第一分光器4116反射至第二分光器4118，反射后的第二接收光束直接透过第二分光器4118，反射后的第一接收光束在第二分光器4118处再次反射，再次反射后的第一接收光束直接透过第三分光器4117。
在一些实施例中，第一分光器4116、第二分光器4118、第三分光器4117可以为滤波片，也可以为贴设有滤波片或滤波膜的棱镜，也可以为其他结构，在此不做具体限定。
在一些实施例中，第一分光器4116、第二分光器4118、第三分光器4117均为滤波片，滤波片的体积较小，占用空间较小，有利于第一管壳410的体积小型化设计。
第一接收光束的波长可以为1270nm、1310nm、1490nm或1577nm等等，在此不做具体限定；相应的，第二接收光束的波长可以为1270nm、1310nm、1490nm或1577nm等等，在此不做具体限定。
在一些实施例中，第一接收光束的波长为1270nm，第二接收光束的波长为1310nm，如此第一分光器4116具有反射1270nm与1310nm波长的作用，第二分光器4118具有透射1310nm波长、反射1270nm波长的作用，同时第二分光器4118具有隔离1490nm、1577nm等波长的隔离作用；第三分光器4117具有透射1270nm波长的作用。
在一些实施例中，第二光接收组件450的接收光轴垂直于电路板300，如果第一光接收组件440的接收光轴也垂直于电路板300，还需设置第四分光器，第四分光器被配置为对来自第二分光器4118的反射接收光束进行再次反射，经第四分光器反射的接收光束射至第三分光器4117进行透射。如此通过四个分光器对两路接收光束进行分光时，占用的空间较大，不利用第一管壳410的小型化设计。
为了便于第一管壳410的小型化设计，可将第一光接收组件440的接收光轴倾斜设置，第三分光器4117也倾斜预设角度，使得经由第二分光器4118反射的接收光束能够直接透过第三分光器4117射入倾斜的第一光接收组件440内。
图16为根据一些实施例的光模块中支架的结构示意图，图17为根据一些实施例的光模块中支架的另一角度结构示意图。如图16、图17所示，为了将第一光接收组件440倾斜设置，在第一出射光口4105处设置有支架460，该支架460包括安装槽与插入面4603，插入面4603插入第一出射光口4105内，且插入面4603与第一出射光口4105的内侧壁固定连接，以将支架460固定在第一出射光口4105处。
安装槽包括安装面4601，安装槽背向插入面4603的一端设置有开口，该开口与安装面4601相对设置。安装面4601倾斜设置，沿光发射方向，安装面4601与第一管壳410中轴线之间的距离逐渐减小，即安装面4601的倾斜方向与第三分光器4117的倾斜方向相同。
在一些实施例中，安装面4601与第一管壳410内发射光轴之间形成第五角度γ，即安装面4601与发射光轴之间的角度、第三分光器4117与发射光轴之间的角度相同，安装面4601与第三分光器4117平行设置。
安装面4601上设置有透光孔4602，该透光孔4602贯穿安装面4601与插入面4603， 如此透光孔4602与第一出射光口4105对应设置，透过第三分光器4117的第一接收光束穿过第一出射光口4105射入透光孔4602内。
第一光接收组件440插入安装槽内，第一光接收组件440的外侧壁与安装槽的侧壁、安装面4601固定连接，如此，第一光接收组件440通过支架460倾斜设置在第一管壳410上，透过第三分光器4117的第一接收光束依次穿过第一出射光口4105、透光孔4602射入第一光接收组件440内。
图18为根据一些实施例的光模块中一种光收发器件的结构示意图。如图18所示，将准直透镜4115安装至支撑架4710中第一连接部4704的通光孔内，然后将第一分光器4116安装至第一支撑面4701上，将第二分光器4118安装至第三支撑面4707上，将第三分光器4117安装至第二限位面4703、第二支撑面4702上，完成分光组件470的装配，并将装配好的分光组件470安装至第一管壳410的第三内腔4114内；然后将设置有汇聚透镜510的光纤适配器500通过收发一体光口4107插入第三内腔4114内，并将汇聚透镜510插入支撑架4710的第二连接部4705的通光孔内，使得支撑架4710、光纤适配器500与第一管壳410固定连接；然后将光学元件401安装在第一内腔4110的支撑平台4111上，使得光学元件401、准直透镜4115、第一分光器4116、汇聚透镜510的中轴线位于同一直线上；然后将隔离器600安装在第二内腔4113内，以完成第一管壳410内光学元件401、隔离器600与分光组件470的装配。
完成第一管壳410、光学元件401、隔离器600与分光组件470的装配后，将第一光发射组件420通过调节套筒与第一管壳410的第一侧面4101激光焊接，使得第一光发射组件420发射的第一发射光束通过第一侧面4101上的第一入射光口4102射入第一内腔4110内；然后将第二光发射组件430通过第二入射光口4104插入第一管壳410内，将第二光接收组件450通过第二出射光口4109插入第一管壳410内；然后将支架460通过第一出射光口4105插入第一管壳410内，将第一光接收组件440固定在支架460的安装槽内，以完成光收发组件400的装配。
完成光收发组件400的装配后，第一光发射组件420发射的第一发射光束依次透过光学元件401与隔离器600，透过隔离器600的第一发射光束经由准直透镜4115转换为平行光束，平行光透过第一分光器4116，经由汇聚透镜510射入光纤适配器500的内部光纤530内，实现了第一发射光束的发射。
第二光发射组件430发射的第二发射光束通过光学元件401进行反射，反射后的第二发射光束透过隔离器600，透过隔离器600的第二发射光束经由准直透镜4115转换为平行光束，平行光束透过第一分光器4116，经由汇聚透镜510射入光纤适配器500的内部光纤530内，实现了第二发射光束的发射。
在一些实施例中，第一发射光束与第二发射光束可在光学元件401处进行合光，即第二发射光束在光学元件401处进行反射，反射后的第二发射光束与透过光学元件401的第一发射光束进行合光，合光透过隔离器600，透过隔离器600的合光经由准直透镜4115转换为平行光束，平行光束透过第一分光器4116，经由汇聚透镜510射入光纤适配器500的内部光纤530内，同时实现了第一发射光束、第二发射光束的发射。
通过光纤适配器500传输的第一接收光束、第二接收光束经由汇聚透镜510转换为第一接收平行光、第二接收平行光，第一接收平行光、第二接收平行光经由第一分光器4116反射至第二分光器4118，反射后的第二接收平行光直接透过第二分光器4118射入第二光接收组件450内，实现了第二接收光束的接收。
反射后的第一接收平行光在第二分光器4118处发生再次反射，再次反射后的第一接收平行光直接透过第三分光器4117射入第一光接收组件440内，实现了第一接收光束的接收。
在一些实施例中，光纤适配器500传输的第一接收光束、第二接收光束可为分开的不同波长的光，也可为包含第一接收光束、第二接收光束的合光。
在一些实施例中，光纤适配器500传输的第一接收光束为1270±10nm波长的接收光，第二接收光束为1310±20nm波长的接收光，即第一接收光束可为1280nm波长的光，第二接收光束可为1290nm的光，如此第一接收光束与第二接收光束的波长相距较小。而通过本公开提供的第一分光器4116、第二分光器4118、第三分光器4117的分光作用，可将波长相距较小的第一接收光束、第二接收光束分开，实现了密集分波功能。
本公开中，采用3个透镜(第一光发射组件420内的耦合透镜4210、第一管壳410内的准直透镜4115、光纤适配器500内的汇聚透镜510)的光路系统、汇聚光转平行光的光路设计，提升了光收发组件400的耦合效率。创新分光设计，可以实现6nm以内的密集分波功能，相比行业其他方案，可以在更低成本的情况下，更好地满足Com-PON产品的协议所需要的分波要求。这种特殊的光路设计，使得可以用最好的滤光片，最小的插损，实现了两路的发射和两路的接收。
根据一些实施例的光模块中，第一管壳410内的准直透镜4115与光纤适配器500内的汇聚透镜510采用无源耦合，准直透镜4115直接装配在第一连接部4704的通光孔内，汇聚透镜510直接装配在连接套筒520的安装孔内，且汇聚透镜510插入第二连接部4705的通光孔内，为了提高第一管壳410内发射光路、接收光路与光纤适配器500的耦合，对准直透镜4115、汇聚透镜510的安装精度要求较高。
上述装配方式对第一管壳410内各结构的位置要求较高，影响第一管壳410的加工效率。因此可对准直透镜4115、汇聚透镜510的耦合方式进行改进，以降低装配对第一管壳410内各结构的位置要求。
图19为根据一些实施例的光模块中另一种光收发组件的结构示意图，图20为根据一些实施例的光模块中另一种光收发组件的分解示意图。如图19、图20所示，根据一些实施例的光收发组件400可包括第二管壳402、光发射组件与光接收组件，第二管壳402包括入射光口、收发一体光口与接收光口，光发射组件通过入射光口与第二管壳402连接，光接收组件通过接收光口与第二管壳402连接，光纤适配器500通过收发一体光口与第二管壳402连接。如此，光发射组件发射的光束通过入射光口射入第二管壳402内，发射光束再经由第二管壳402透过收发一体光口耦合至光纤适配器500，实现了光的发射；光纤适配器500传输的接收光束通过收发一体光口射入第二管壳402内，接收光束再经由第二管壳402透过接收光口传输至光接收组件，实现了光的接收。
在一些实施例中，光收发组件400可只包括一个光发射组件与一个光接收组件，第二 管壳402可只包括一个入射光口、一个收发一体光口与一个接收光口，一个光发射组件通过入射光口与第二管壳402连接，一个光接收组件通过接收光口与第二管壳402连接，光纤适配器500通过收发一体光口与第二管壳402连接，如此能够实现光收发组件400的一路光发射、一路光接收。
在一些实施例中，光收发组件400还可包括两个光发射组件与两个光接收组件，第二管壳402包括两个入射光口、两个接收光口与一个收发一体光口，即光收发组件400包括第一光发射组件420、第二光发射组件430、第一光接收组件440与第二光接收组件450，第二管壳402包括第一入射光口、第二入射光口、第一接收光口、第二接收光口与收发一体光口，第一光发射组件420通过第一入射光口与第二管壳402连接，第二光发射组件430通过第二入射光口与第二管壳402连接，第一光接收组件440通过第一接收光口与第二管壳402连接，第二光接收组件450通过第二接收光口与第二管壳402连接，光纤适配器500通过收发一体光口与第二管壳402连接。
第一入射光口位于第二管壳402的左侧面，第二入射光口位于第二管壳402的上侧面，第一接收光口位于第二管壳402的上侧面，第二接收光口位于第二管壳402的下侧面，收发一体光口位于第二管壳402的右侧面。即第一入射光口与收发一体光口相对设置，第二入射光口与第一接收光口位于第二管壳402的同一侧，第一接收光口与第二接收光口相对设置。
由于第一光发射组件420发射光束的发射方向与光纤适配器500的光束接收方向位于同一方向，即第一光发射组件420的发射方向与电路板300相平行，光纤适配器500的光接收方向也与电路板300相平行，如此，第一光发射组件420发射的光束通过第一入射光口射入第二管壳402内，发射光束直接透过第二管壳402耦合至光纤适配器500内，实现了一路光的发射。
在一些实施例中，第一光发射组件420的出光端设置有耦合透镜，第一光发射组件420内的激光器发射的激光光束经由耦合透镜转换为汇聚光束，汇聚光束经由第一入射光口射入第二管壳402内。
在一些实施例中，第一光发射组件420发射的第一发射光束沿收发一体光口的中轴线方向传输，使得第一发射光束穿过第二管壳402射入光纤适配器500内。需要说明的是，收发一体光口的中轴线是指经过收发一体光口的中心、且与收发一体光口所在面垂直的轴线。
由于第二光发射组件430发射光束的发射方向与光纤适配器500的光束接收方向位于不同方向，即第二光发射组件430的发射方向与电路板300相垂直，光纤适配器500的光接收方向与电路板300相平行，需通过第二管壳402对第二光发射组件430的发射光束进行反射，使得反射后发射光束的发射方向与光纤适配器500的光接收方向位于同一方向。如此，第二光发射组件430发射的光束通过第二入射光口射入第二管壳402内，通过第二管壳402反射后的发射光束耦合至光纤适配器500内，实现了另一路光的发射。
在一些实施例中，第二光发射组件430发射的第二发射光束经由第二管壳402反射，反射后的第二发射光束沿收发一体光口的中轴线方向传输，使得反射后的第二发射光束穿 过第二管壳402射入光纤适配器500内。
在一些实施例中，第二管壳402内设置有光学元件401，光学元件401位于第一光发射组件420发射光路与第二光发射组件430发射光路的交点处，即光学元件401同时位于第一光发射组件420与第二光发射组件430的光束发射方向。
光学元件401具有透射第一发射光束、反射第二发射光束的作用，第一发射光束与反射后的第二发射光束可经由光学元件401进行合光，合光后的光束耦合至光纤适配器500。如此，第一光发射组件420发射的第一发射光束能够直接透过光学元件401，第二光发射组件430发射的第二发射光束在光学元件401处发生反射，反射后的第二发射光束与第一发射光束的发射方向相同，因此第一发射光束与反射后的第二发射光束在光学元件401处进行合光。
光学元件401具有透射面与反射面，透射面与第一光发射组件420相对设置，如此第一光发射组件420发射的第一发射光束经由透射面直接透过光学元件401；反射面与第二光发射组件430相对设置，如此第二光发射组件430发射的第二发射光束经由反射面进行反射，反射后的第二发射光束沿第一发射光束的发射方向传输，且反射后的第二发射光束与第一发射光束在反射面处进行合光。
在一些实施例中，光学元件401可为滤波片，也可为贴设有滤波片或滤波膜的棱镜，还可为其他结构，只要光学元件401具有透过第一发射光束、反射第二发射光束的功能即可。
在一些实施例中，光学元件401为滤波片，滤波片的体积较小，占用空间较小，有利于光收发组件400的体积小型化设计。
在一些实施例中，第一发射光束的波长可为1270nm、1310nm、1490nm或1577nm等，相应的，第二发射光束的波长也可为1270nm、1310nm、1490nm或1577nm等。
在一些实施例中，第一发射光束的波长为1577nm，第二发射光束的波长为1490nm，如此光学元件401具有透射1577nm、反射1490nm的功能，第一光发射组件420发射的1577nm的第一发射光束直接透过光学元件401，第二光发射组件430发射的1490nm的第二发射光束在光学元件401处发生反射，反射后的第二发射光束与第一发射光束合光后传输至光纤适配器500。
由于第一光接收组件440接收光束的接收方向与光纤适配器500的光束发射方向位于不同方向，即第一光接收组件440的接收方向与电路板300相垂直，光纤适配器500的光发射方向与电路板300相平行，需通过第二管壳402对光纤适配器500的接收光束进行反射，使得反射后接收光束的发射方向与第一光接收组件440的接收方向位于同一方向。如此，光纤适配器500接收的外部光束通过收发一体光口射入第二管壳402内，通过第二管壳402反射后的接收光束耦合至第一光接收组件440内，实现了一路光的接收。
由于第二光接收组件450接收光束的接收方向与光纤适配器500的光束发射方向位于不同方向，即第二光接收组件450的接收方向与电路板300相垂直，光纤适配器500的光发射方向与电路板300相平行，需通过第二管壳402对光纤适配器500的接收光束进行反射，使得反射后接收光束的发射方向与第二光接收组件450的接收方向位于同一方向。如 此，光纤适配器500接收的外部光束通过收发一体光口射入第二管壳402内，通过第二管壳402反射后的接收光束耦合至第二光接收组件450内，实现了另一路光的接收。
第二管壳402内设置有第四分光器405、第五分光器407与第六分光器408，第四分光器405位于光纤适配器500传输接收光束的接收方向上，被配置为反射光纤适配器500传输的第一接收光束、第二接收光束；第五分光器407与第二光接收组件450对应设置，被配置为对反射后的第二接收光束进行透射、对反射后的第一接收光束进行再次反射，透射后的第二接收光束射入第二光接收组件450内；第六分光器408与第一光接收组件440对应设置，被配置为对第五分光器407反射后的第一接收光束进行透射，透射后的第一接收光束射入第一光接收组件440内。
图21为根据一些实施例的光模块中另一种管壳的结构示意图，图22为根据一些实施例的光模块中另一种管壳的另一角度结构示意图，图23为根据一些实施例的光模块中另一种管壳的剖视图。如图21、图22、图23所示，第二管壳402包括第一表面4021、第二表面4023、第三表面4027与第四表面4029，第一表面4021与第三表面4027相对设置，第二表面4023与第四表面4029相对设置，第二表面4023的两端分别与第一表面4021、第三表面4027相连接。
第一表面4021上设置有第一入光口4022，第一入光口4022与第二管壳402的内腔相连通，第一光发射组件420通过第一表面4021与第二管壳402连接，如此第一光发射组件420发射的第一发射光束经由第一入光口4022射入第二管壳402内。在一些实施例中，第一光发射组件420可通过调节套筒480与第一表面4021固定连接。
第二表面4023上设置有第二入光口4024，第二入光口4024与第二管壳402的内腔相连通，第二光发射组件430通过第二入光口4024与第二管壳402连接，如此第二光发射组件430发射的第二发射光束经由第二入光口4024射入第二管壳402内。
第二表面4023上还设置有第一出光口4025，第一出光口4025与第二管壳402的内腔相连通，第一光接收组件440通过第一出光口4025与第二管壳402连接，如此第二管壳402接收的第一接收光束经由第一出光口4025射入第一光接收组件440内。
在一些实施例中，第二表面4023上可设置有突出的固定台4026，该固定台4026内设置有倾斜的安装孔，该安装槽与第二管壳402的内腔相连通，且第一光接收组件440插入安装槽内，使得第一光接收组件440倾斜固定在第二管壳402上。
在一些实施例中，固定台4026与第二管壳402为一体结构，固定台4026内的安装孔即为第二管壳402上的第一出光口4025。
第三表面4027上设置有收发光口4028，收发光口4028与第二管壳402的内腔相连通，光纤适配器500通过收发光口4028与第二管壳402连接，如此光纤适配器500传输的接收光束经由收发光口4028射入第二管壳402内。在一些实施例中，光纤适配器500通过收发光口4028插入第二管壳402内，以实现光纤适配器500与第二管壳402的固定连接。
第四表面4029上设置有第二出光口4030，第二出光口4030与第二管壳402的内腔相连通，第二光接收组件450通过第四表面4029与第二管壳402连接，如此第二管壳402接收的第二接收光束经由第二出光口4030射入第二光接收组件450内。在一些实施例中， 第二光接收组件450可插入第二出光口4030内，第二光接收组件450的外壁与第二出光口4030的内壁粘接固定。
第二管壳402内设置有第一腔4037、第二腔4033与第三腔4038，第一入光口4022、第二入光口4024与第一腔4037相连通，光学元件401位于第一腔4037内；第一腔4037通过第二腔4033与第三腔4038相连通，第一出光口4025、第二出光口4030、收发光口4028与第三腔4038相连通，第四分光器405、第五分光器407与第六分光器408位于第三腔4038内。
图24为根据一些实施例的光模块中另一种管壳的另一角度剖视图。如图24所示，第一腔4037内设置有支撑台4031，该支撑台4031倾斜设置，由第一入光口4022向第二腔4033的方向上，支撑台4031由上向下倾斜设置，即沿着第一发射光束的发射方向，支撑台4031与第二入光口4024之间的距离逐渐增加，使得支撑台4031与发射光轴之间形成第一角度。在一些实施例中，第一角度为45度。
光学元件401的透射面粘贴在支撑台4031上，如此光学元件401与发射光轴之间存在第一角度，第二光发射组件430发射的第二接收光束在光学元件401的反射面发生反射，反射后的第二发射光束与第一发射光束的发射方向相同。
在一些实施例中，为方便第一光发射组件420发射的第一发射光束能够透过光学元件401，支撑台4031上设置有透光孔，该透光孔与第一腔4037相连通。如此，第一光发射组件420发射的第一发射光束穿过第一腔4037、透光孔设置光学元件401，且第一发射光束直接透过光学元件401。
在一些实施例中，支撑台4031上的透光孔可以直接为开孔，也可以为由透光材料制成的平台区域，只要第一光发射组件420发射的第一发射光束能够通过透光孔透过光学元件401即可。
在一些实施例中，在第一发射光束在光学元件401进行透射时，大部分(约为95％)第一发射光束直接透过光学元件401，但仍有部分(约为5％)第一发射光束可能会在光学元件401的透射面处发生反射，而反射后的第一发射光束可能会在第一腔4037的内壁处再次发生反射，再次反射后的第一发射光束可能会经由第二入光口4024射入第二光发射组件430内，造成反射光对第二发射光束的串扰。
为了避免反射后的第一发射光束对第二发射光束造成串扰，在第一腔4037的内壁上设置有斜面4032，该斜面4032位于支撑台4031的下方，且沿着第一发射光束的发射方向，斜面4032与第二入光口4024之间的距离逐渐减小。如此，部分第一发射光束在光学元件401的透射面处发生反射后，反射后的第一发射光束在斜面4032再次发生反射，由于斜面4032倾斜设置，因此再次反射后的第一发射光束向外发散，能够减少再次反射后的第一发射光束射入第二入光口4024，也就能够有效减少反射光对第二发射光束的串扰。
为了能够减少第一发射光束在斜面4032反射后的光束射入第二入光口4024，斜面4032与发射光轴之间形成第二角度。在一些实施例中，第二角度为20°～50°。
第一光发射组件420发射的第一发射光束透过光学元件401后传输至光纤适配器500，由于介质的变化，且光在不同介质的界面传播会发生反射，因此第一发射光束穿过第二腔 4033、第三腔4038射至光纤适配器500内的光纤端面时，大部分第一发射光束直接透过光纤端面射入光纤适配器500内，小部分第一发射光束会在光纤端面处发生反射，反射后的第一发射光束可能会沿原路返回第一光发射组件420内，从而影响第一光发射组件420的发射性能。
为了避免反射后的第一发射光束沿原路返回第一光发射组件420，可在第二腔4033内可设置有隔离器，透过光学元件401的第一发射光束直接穿过隔离器射入光纤适配器500内，而该隔离器可隔离在光纤适配器500的光纤端面反射的第一发射光束，以避免反射后的第一发射光束返回第一光发射组件420内，保证了第一光发射组件420的发射性能。
在一些实施例中，经由第一光发射组件420出光端的耦合透镜，第一光发射组件420发射的第一发射光束为汇聚光，汇聚光在焦点处的光斑最小，因此可将隔离器设置在第一发射光束的焦点位置，此时需要的隔离器尺寸最小，如此就保证了隔离器需要的第二腔4033孔径最小，有利于实现第二管壳402的体积小型化设计。
第三腔4038内设置有第一安装平台4034、第二安装平台4036与第三安装平台4035，第一安装平台4034倾斜设置，即沿着第一发射光束的发射方向(由左至右)，第一安装平台4034与收发光口4028之间的距离逐渐减小。
在一些实施例中，第一安装平台4034上设置有透光孔，该透光孔与第三腔4038相连通，如此透过光学元件401的第一发射光束穿过该透光孔射入光纤适配器500内，经由光学元件401反射的第二发射光束穿过该透光孔射入光纤适配器500内。
第四分光器405的侧面粘贴在第一安装平台4034上，第四分光器405与发射光轴之间形成第六角度。第四分光器405具有反射第一接收光束、第二接收光束的作用，被配置为对光纤适配器500传输的第一接收光束、第二接收光束进行反射。在一些实施例中，第六角度为40°～50°。
在一些实施例中，第四分光器405通过透光孔露出的部分设置有反射面，光纤适配器500传输的第一接收光束、第二接收光束射至第四分光器405的反射面时，第一接收光束、第二接收光束在第四分光器405的反射面处发生反射。
第二安装平台4036位于第一安装平台4034的下方，且第二安装平台4036倾斜设置，即沿着第一发射光束的发射方向(由左至右)，第二安装平台4036与第二出光口4030之间的距离逐渐减小。第二安装平台4036上设置有通孔，第三腔4038通过该通孔与第二出光口4030相连通。
第五分光器407的侧面粘贴在第二安装平台4036上，第五分光器407与发射光轴之间形成第七角度。第五分光器407具有反射第一接收光束、透射第二接收光束的作用，被配置为对第四分光器405反射的第二接收光束进行透射、对第四分光器405反射的第一接收光束进行反射。在一些实施例中，第七角度为6°～20°。
在一些实施例中，第五分光器407朝向第二出光口4030的侧面(下表面)上设置有透射反射面，经由第四分光器405反射后的第一接收光束、第二接收光束射至第五分光器407，反射后的第一接收光束在透射反射面进行再次反射；经由第四分光器405反射后的第二接收光束直接透过透射反射面，透过第五分光器407的第二接收光束经由第二出光口 4030射入第二光接收组件450内。
如果在第五分光器407的上表面上设置透射反射面，就需将第五分光器407的下表面粘贴在第二安装平台4036上，也就需要将第五分光器407置于第二安装平台4036的通孔内，也就增加了第三腔4038的尺寸。但，在第五分光器407的下表面设置透射反射面时，只需设置一通孔方便接收光束射至第五分光器407即可，从而能够有效减小第二管壳402的尺寸，有利于第二管壳402的小型化设计。
在一些实施例中，为方便将第五分光器407安装至第二安装平台4036上，第三腔4038内还可设置固定件，该固定件倾斜安装在第二安装平台4036上，且固定件上设置有通光孔，第五分光器407安装在固定件的下表面上，第五分光器407与通光孔对应设置，如此可减小第五分光器407的尺寸。
在一些实施例中，固定件可为圆盘，圆盘的中心位置处设置有通光孔，圆盘的侧面粘贴在第二安装平台4036上，第五分光器407安装在圆盘的中心位置处。
第三安装平台4035位于第一安装平台4034的斜上方，且第三安装平台4035倾斜设置，即沿着第一发射光束的发射方向(由左至右)，第三安装平台4035与第二出光口4030之间的距离逐渐减小。第三安装平台4035上设置有通光孔，第三腔4038通过该通光孔与第一出光口4025相连通。
第六分光器408的侧面粘贴在第三安装平台4035上，第六分光器408与发射光轴之间形成第八角度。第六分光器408具有透射第一接收光束的作用，被配置为对第五分光器407再次反射的第一接收光束进行透射。在一些实施例中，第八角度为10°～22°。
在一些实施例中，第六分光器408朝向第五分光器407的侧面(下表面)上设置有透射面，经由第五分光器407反射后的第一接收光束直接透过第六分光器408的透射面，透过第六分光器408的第一接收光束经由第一出光口4025射入第一光接收组件440内。
在一些实施例中，固定台4026内设置有安装槽，该安装槽包括第四安装平台4039，第四安装平台4039上设置有与第三安装平台4035连通的通孔。第四安装平台4039倾斜设置，沿第一发射光束的发射方向，第四安装平台4039与第二管壳402中轴线之间的距离逐渐减小，即第四安装平台4039的倾斜方向与第三安装平台4035的倾斜方向相同。
第一光接收组件440倾斜插入固定台4026的安装槽内，第一光接收组件440的管帽外侧面与第四安装平台4039相接触，第一光接收组件440的入射透镜可置于第四安装平台4039的通孔内，如此，第一光接收组件440通过固定台4026的安装槽倾斜设置在第二管壳402上。
第四安装平台4039与第二管壳402内发射光轴之间可形成第八角度，即第四安装平台4039与发射光轴之间的角度、第三安装平台4035与发射光轴之间的角度可相同，第四安装平台4039与第三安装平台4035平行设置。
在一些实施例中，第四安装平台4039与发射光轴之间的角度、第三安装平台4035与发射光轴之间的角度也可不相同，第四安装平台4039与第三安装平台4035之间具有较小的角度。在一些实施例中，第四安装平台4039与发射光轴之间的角度为22°。
在一些实施例中，第四分光器405与第二管壳402内发射光轴之间的第六角度为44°， 第五分光器407与发射光轴之间的第七角度为9.5°，第六分光器408与发射光轴之间的第八角度为21°。如此光纤适配器500传输的第一接收光束、第二接收光束经由第四分光器405反射至第五分光器407，反射后的第二接收光束直接透过第五分光器407，反射后的第一接收光束在第五分光器407处再次反射，再次反射后的第一接收光束直接透过第六分光器408。
在一些实施例中，第四分光器405、第五分光器407、第六分光器408可以为滤波片，也可以为贴设有滤波片或滤波膜的棱镜，也可以为其他结构，在此不做具体限定。
在一些实施例中，第四分光器405、第五分光器407、第六分光器408均为滤波片，滤波片的体积较小，占用空间较小，有利于第二管壳402的体积小型化设计。
第一接收光束的波长可以为1270nm、1310nm、1490nm或1577nm等等，在此不做具体限定；相应的，第二接收光束的波长可以为1270nm、1310nm、1490nm或1577nm等等，在此不做具体限定。
在一些实施例中，第一接收光束的波长为1270nm，第二接收光束的波长为1310nm，如此第四分光器405具有反射1270nm与1310nm波长的作用，第五分光器407具有透射1310nm波长、反射1270nm波长的作用，同时第五分光器407具有隔离1490nm、1577nm等波长的隔离作用；第六分光器408具有透射1270nm波长的作用。
图25为根据一些实施例的光模块中另一种光收发器件的结构示意图。如图25所示，光纤适配器500包括连接套筒、内部光纤530、外套筒与内套筒，连接套筒的一端与外套筒固定连接，连接套筒的另一端与第二管壳402的第三表面4027固定连接；内套筒固定在外套筒的内腔侧壁上，内部光纤530通过内套筒固定在外套筒的内腔内。连接套筒上设置有安装孔，该安装孔与外套筒的内腔相连通，该安装孔内设置有汇聚透镜510，该汇聚透镜510突出于连接套筒，且汇聚透镜510通过收发光口4028插入第三腔4038内。如此，光纤适配器500中的内部光纤530传输的第一接收光束、第二接收光束经由汇聚透镜510转换为准直光束，准直光束经由第三腔4038射至第四分光器405。
第三腔4038内还设置有装配孔，该装配孔内设置有第一透镜403，该第一透镜403位于隔离器600与第四分光器405之间，该第一透镜403为准直透镜，被配置为将透过光学元件401的第一发射光束、在光学元件401处反射的第二发射光束分别转换为平行光束，平行光束直接透过第四分光器405射入汇聚透镜510内，平行光束经由汇聚透镜510转换为汇聚光束，汇聚光束汇聚至内部光纤530内。
在装配光收发组件400时，首先将第一透镜403插入第三腔4038内的装配孔内，然后将第四分光器405通过无源粘接的方式直接粘接到第一安装平台4034上，将固定件406通过无源粘接的方式直接粘接到第二安装平台4036上，将第五分光器407固定在固定件406上，将第六分光器408通过无源粘接的方式直接粘接到第三安装平台4035上；然后将安装有汇聚透镜510的光纤适配器500通过收发光口4028插入第三腔4038内，使得第一透镜403与汇聚透镜510有源耦合。
在一些实施例中，第一透镜403直接放置于第三腔4038内的装配孔内，汇聚透镜510随着光纤适配器500插入第三腔4038内，第一透镜403与汇聚透镜510采用有源耦合， 如此第一透镜403对在第三腔4038内的位置要求不高，精度要求也不高，方便第一透镜403的装配。
完成第二管壳402内光学元件401、隔离器600、第一透镜403、第四分光器405、第五分光器407、第六分光器408的装配后，将第一光发射组件420通过调节套筒与第二管壳402的第一表面4021激光焊接，使得第一光发射组件420发射的第一发射光束通过第一入光口4022射入第一腔4037内；然后将第二光发射组件430通过第二入光口4024插入第二管壳402内；然后将第一光接收组件440通过固定台4026与第二管壳402连接，第一光接收组件440通过粘接胶水与第二管壳402固定连接；然后将第二光接收组件450通过第二出光口4030插入第二管壳402内，第二光接收组件450通过粘接胶水与第二管壳402固定连接；如此，完成了光收发组件400的装配。
完成光收发组件400的装配后，第一光发射组件420发射的第一发射光束依次透过光学元件401与隔离器600，透过隔离器600的第一发射光束经由第一透镜403转换为平行光束与，平行光束透过第四分光器405，经由汇聚透镜510射入光纤适配器500的内部光纤530内，实现了第一发射光束的发射。
第二光发射组件430发射的第二发射光束通过光学元件401进行反射，反射后的第二发射光束透过隔离器600，透过隔离器600的第二发射光束经由第一透镜403转换为平行光束，平行光束透过第四分光器405，经由汇聚透镜510射入光纤适配器500的内部光纤530内，实现了第二发射光束的发射。
在一些实施例中，第一发射光束与第二发射光束可在光学元件401处进行合光，即第二发射光束在光学元件401处进行反射，反射后的第二发射光束与透过光学元件401的第一发射光束进行合光，合光透过隔离器600，透过隔离器600的合光经由第一透镜403转换为平行光束，平行光束透过第四分光器405，经由汇聚透镜510射入光纤适配器500的内部光纤530内，同时实现了第一发射光束、第二发射光束的发射。
通过光纤适配器500传输的第一接收光束、第二接收光束经由汇聚透镜510转换为第一接收平行光、第二接收平行光，第一接收平行光、第二接收平行光经由第四分光器405反射至第五分光器407，反射后的第二接收平行光直接透过第五分光器407射入第二光接收组件450内，实现了第二接收光束的接收。
经由第四分光器405反射的第一接收平行光在第五分光器407处进行再次反射，再次反射后的第一接收光束直接透过第六分光器408射入第一光接收组件440内，实现了第一接收光束的接收。
在一些实施例中，光纤适配器500传输的第一接收光束、第二接收光束可为分开的不同波长的光，也可为包含第一接收光束、第二接收光束的合光。
在一些实施例中，光纤适配器500传输的第一接收光束为1270±10nm波长的接收光，第二接收光束为1310±20nm波长的接收光，即第一接收光束可为1280nm波长的光，第二接收光束可为1290nm的光，如此第一接收光束与第二接收光束的波长相距较小。而通过本公开提供的第四分光器405、第五分光器407、第六分光器408的分光作用，可将波长相距较小的第一接收光束、第二接收光束分开，实现了密集分波功能。
本公开中，采用3个透镜(第一光发射组件420内的耦合透镜、第二管壳402内的第一透镜403、光纤适配器500内的汇聚透镜510)的光路系统、汇聚光转平行光的光路设计，提升了光收发组件400的耦合效率。创新分光设计，可以实现6nm以内的密集分波功能，相比行业其他方案，可以在更低成本的情况下，更好地满足Com-PON产品的协议所需要的分波要求。这种特殊的光路设计，使得可以用最好的滤光片，最小的插损，实现了两路的发射和两路的接收。
在一些实施例中，第一光接收组件440接收管壳传输的第一接收光束、第二光接收组件450接收管壳传输的第二接收光束时，光接收组件在接收光时存在接收回损与响应度指标，接收回损与响应度指标相互制衡。
图26为根据一些实施例的光模块中光接收组件的结构示意图。如图26所示，以第二光接收组件450为例进行说明，第二光接收组件450包括TO管座、载体4501与PD芯片4502，载体4501设置在TO管座上，载体4501背向TO管座表面的一端设置有斜面，该斜面由左至右向下倾斜，即沿着管壳内的光发射方向，该斜面与管壳的中轴线之间的距离逐渐增加。在一些实施例中，斜面与发射光轴之间的角度为12°。
PD芯片4502设置在载体4501的斜面上，使得PD芯片4502倾斜固定在TO管座上。如此，第二接收光束透过分光器射至PD芯片4502时，PD芯片4502与接收光路为非正交设计，部分接收光在PD芯片4502处发生反射，但反射后的接收光不会对射至PD芯片4502的接收光造成影响，从而极大地改善了接收回损指标但对接收响应度指标的影响很小，实现了接收回损和响应度指标的兼容。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本公开的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本公开进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本公开各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种光模块，包括：
    电路板；
    光收发组件，与所述电路板电连接；
    光纤适配器，与所述光收发组件连接；
    其中，所述光收发组件包括：
    第一管壳，包括内腔及与所述内腔连通的入射光口、出射光口、收发一体光口，所述光纤适配器通过所述收发一体光口插入所述内腔内；所述内腔内设有光学元件与倾斜面，所述光学元件被配置为对射入所述第一管壳的发射光进行透射和/或反射；所述倾斜面位于所述光学元件的下方，所述倾斜面与所述光学元件上的透射面相对设置，被配置为对经由所述透射面反射的发射光进行再次反射，以使再次反射的发射光不穿过所述入射光口；
    分光组件，设置于所述内腔内，包括支撑架及设置于所述支撑架上的第一分光器、第二分光器与第三分光器，所述支撑架内设置有准直透镜，所述光纤适配器端部的汇聚透镜插入所述支撑架内；所述第一分光器、所述第二分光器与所述第三分光器被配置为对所述光纤适配器传输的不同波长的接收光进行反射分光；
    光发射组件，通过所述入射光口与所述第一管壳相连接，被配置为产生发射光，所述发射光依次经由所述光学元件、所述准直透镜、所述第一分光器与所述汇聚透镜耦合至所述光纤适配器；
    支架，插入所述出射光口，包括安装槽，所述安装槽的一端设置有开口，所述安装槽的另一端设置有倾斜的安装面，所述安装面与所述出射光口相连通；沿所述第一管壳内的光发射方向，所述安装面与所述第一管壳中轴线之间的距离逐渐减小；
    光接收组件，设置于所述安装面上，被配置为接收所述分光组件反射的接收光。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光模块，其中，所述入射光口包括第一入射光口与第二入射光口，所述第一入射光口、所述第二入射光口均与所述内腔相连通，所述第一入射光口、所述第二入射光口位于所述第一管壳的不同侧上；
    所述光发射组件包括第一光发射组件与第二光发射组件，所述第一光发射组件通过所述第一入射光口与所述第一管壳连接，被配置为产生第一发射光；所述第二光发射组件通过所述第二入射光口与所述第一管壳相接，被配置为产生第二发射光；
    所述光学元件位于所述第一发射光的发射光路与所述第二发射光的发射光路的交点处，所述光学元件的透射面与所述第一光发射组件相对设置，所述透射面被配置为透过部分第一发射光、及反射部分第一发射光，所述倾斜面被配置为对反射的第一发射光进行再次反射；所述光学元件的反射面与所述第二光发射组件相对设置，所述透射面与所述反射面为所述光学元件相对的侧面。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的光模块，其中，所述倾斜面与所述第一管壳内光发射方向之间的角度为20°～50°。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的光模块，其中，所述内腔内设置有隔离器，所述隔离器位 于所述第一发射光的焦点处。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的光模块，其中，所述出射光口包括第一出射光口与第二出射光口，所述第一出射光口、所述第二出射光口均与所述内腔相连通，所述第一出射光口、所述第二出射光口位于所述第一管壳的不同侧上，所述支架插入所述第一出射光口；
    所述光接收组件包括第一光接收组件与第二光接收组件，所述第一光接收组件设置于所述支架内倾斜的安装面，被配置为接收所述分光组件反射的第一接收光；所述第二光接收组件通过所述第二出射光口与所述第一管壳连接，被配置为接收所述分光组件反射的第二接收光。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的光模块，其中，所述支撑架内设置有贯穿的通光孔，所述支撑架包括第一连接部、支撑部与第二连接部，所述第一连接部通过所述支撑部与所述第二连接部连接；
    所述支撑架上设置有第一支撑面、第二支撑面、第二限位面与第三支撑面，所述第一支撑面与所述第一管壳内光发射方向之间具有第三角度，所述第一分光器设置于所述第一支撑面上；
    所述第二支撑面朝向所述第一出射光口，所述第二支撑面与所述第一管壳内光发射方向之间具有第四角度，所述第三分光器设置于所述第二支撑面上，所述第三分光器的一端抵在所述第二限位面上、另一端抵在所述第一连接部上；
    所述第三支撑面位于所述支撑部朝向所述第二出射光口的外侧上，所述第三支撑面与所述第一管壳内光发射方向之间具有第五角度，所述第二分光器设置于所述第三支撑面上。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的光模块，其中，所述第二分光器朝向所述第二出射光口的侧面上设置有透射反射面，所述透射反射面被配置为对经由所述第一分光器反射的第一接收光进行再次反射，对经由所述第一分光器反射的第二接收光束进行透射。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的光模块，其中，所述第一分光器与所述光发射方向之间的第三角度为40°～50°，所述第二分光器与所述光发射方向之间的第四角度为6°～20°，所述第三分光器与所述光发射方向之间的第五角度为10°～22°。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的光模块，其中，所述安装面与所述光发射方向之间的角度、所述第五角度相同。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的光模块，其中，所述准直透镜设置于所述第一连接部内的通光孔，所述汇聚透镜插入所述第二连接部内的通光孔，所述准直透镜与所述汇聚透镜之间无源耦合连接。
  11. 一种光模块，包括：
    电路板；
    光收发组件，与所述电路板电连接；
    光纤适配器，与所述光收发组件连接；
    其中，所述光收发组件包括：
    第二管壳，包括内腔及与所述内腔连通的入光口、出光口、收发光口，所述光纤适配器通过所述收发光口插入所述内腔内；所述内腔内设有光学元件与斜面，所述光学元件被 配置为对射入所述第二管壳的发射光进行透射和/或反射；所述斜面位于所述光学元件的下方，所述斜面与所述光学元件上的透射面相对设置，被配置为对经由所述透射面反射的光进行再次反射，以使再次反射的发射光不穿过所述入光口；其上设置有突出的固定台，所述固定台内设置有安装槽，所述安装槽的一端设置有开口，所述安装槽的另一端设置有倾斜的安装平台，所述安装平台与所述出光口相连通；沿所述第二管壳内的光发射方向，所述安装平台与所述第二管壳中轴线之间的距离逐渐减小；
    多个分光器，设置于所述内腔内，与所述收发光口、出光口对应设置，被配置为对所述光纤适配器传输的不同波长的接收光进行反射分光；
    光发射组件，通过所述入光口与所述第二管壳相连接，被配置为产生发射光，所述发射光依次经由所述光学元件、所述分光器耦合至所述光纤适配器；
    光接收组件，设置于所述安装平台上，与所述第二管壳之间具有预设角度，被配置为接收所述分光器反射的接收光。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的光模块，其中，所述入光口包括第一入光口与第二入光口，所述第一入光口、所述第二入光口均与所述内腔相连通，所述第一入光口、所述第二入光口位于所述第二管壳的不同侧；
    所述光发射组件包括第一光发射组件与第二光发射组件，所述第一光发射组件通过所述第一入光口与所述第二管壳连接，被配置为产生第一发射光；所述第二光发射组件通过所述第二入光口与所述第二管壳相接，被配置为产生第二发射光；
    所述光学元件位于所述第一发射光与所述第二发射光的发射光路的交点处，所述光学元件的透射面与所述第一光发射组件相对设置，所述透射面被配置为透过部分第一发射光、及反射部分第一发射光，所述斜面被配置为对反射的第一发射光进行再次反射；所述光学元件的反射面与所述第二光发射组件相对设置，所述透射面与所述反射面为所述光学元件相对的侧面。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的光模块，其中，所述斜面与所述第二管壳内光发射方向之间的角度为20°～50°。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的光模块，其中，所述内腔内设置有隔离器，所述隔离器位于所述第一发射光的焦点处。
  15. 根据权利要求11所述的光模块，其中，所述出光口包括第一出光口与第二出光口，所述第一出光口、所述第二出光口均与所述内腔相连通，所述第一出光口、所述第二出光口位于所述第二管壳的不同侧；
    所述光接收组件包括第一光接收组件与第二光接收组件，所述第一光接收组件设置于倾斜的安装平台上，被配置为接收所述分光器反射的第一接收光；所述第二光接收组件通过所述第二出光口与所述第二管壳连接，被配置为接收所述分光器反射的第二接收光。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的光模块，其中，所述分光器包括第四分光器、第五分光器与第六分光器，所述内腔内设置有第一安装平台、第二安装平台与第三安装平台，所述第一安装平台朝向所述收发光口，所述第一安装平台与所述第二管壳内光发射方向之间具有第六角度，所述第四分光器设置于所述第一安装平台上；
    所述第二安装平台朝向所述第二出光口，所述第二安装平台与所述光发射方向之间具有第七角度，所述第五分光器设置于所述第二安装平台上；
    所述第三安装平台朝向所述第一出光口，所述第三安装平台与所述光发射方向之间具有第八角度，所述第六分光器设置于所述第三安装平台上。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的光模块，其中，所述光收发组件还包括固定件，所述固定件设置于所述第二安装平台上，所述第五分光器设置于所述固定件上。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的光模块，其中，所述第五分光器朝向所述第二出光口的侧面上设置有透射反射面，所述透射反射面被配置为对经由所述第四分光器反射的第一接收光进行再次反射、对反射的第二接收光进行透射。
  19. 根据权利要求16所述的光模块，其中，所述第四分光器与所述光发射方向之间的第六角度为40°～50°，所述第五分光器与所述光发射方向之间的第七角度为6°～20°，所述第六分光器与所述光发射方向之间的第八角度为10°～22°。
  20. 根据权利要求11所述的光模块，其中，所述光纤适配器的一端设置有汇聚透镜，所述汇聚透镜插入所述内腔内；
    所述内腔内设置有装配孔，所述装配孔内设置有第一透镜，所述第一透镜与所述汇聚透镜设置于所述分光器的两侧，所述第一透镜与所述汇聚透镜之间有源耦合连接。
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