WO2023239168A1 - Appareil, procédé et programme informatique pour analyser une dose de radiation en temps réel - Google Patents

Appareil, procédé et programme informatique pour analyser une dose de radiation en temps réel Download PDF

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WO2023239168A1
WO2023239168A1 PCT/KR2023/007819 KR2023007819W WO2023239168A1 WO 2023239168 A1 WO2023239168 A1 WO 2023239168A1 KR 2023007819 W KR2023007819 W KR 2023007819W WO 2023239168 A1 WO2023239168 A1 WO 2023239168A1
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real
mask
signal
radiation
time
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PCT/KR2023/007819
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Korean (ko)
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한영이
이동연
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사회복지법인 삼성생명공익재단
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Publication of WO2023239168A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023239168A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/02—Dosimeters
    • G01T1/023—Scintillation dose-rate meters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/02—Dosimeters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
    • G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/29—Measurement performed on radiation beams, e.g. position or section of the beam; Measurement of spatial distribution of radiation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/29—Measurement performed on radiation beams, e.g. position or section of the beam; Measurement of spatial distribution of radiation
    • G01T1/2914—Measurement of spatial distribution of radiation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T7/00—Details of radiation-measuring instruments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T7/00—Details of radiation-measuring instruments
    • G01T7/005—Details of radiation-measuring instruments calibration techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
    • G06N3/00—Computing arrangements based on biological models
    • G06N3/02—Neural networks
    • G06N3/08—Learning methods

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a real-time radiation dose analysis device, method, and computer program. More specifically, generating a mask corresponding to a captured image using a mask extractor learned with an image synthesis network-based learning model; It is characterized by using a mask to generate a signal for the irradiated part of the image.
  • Modern radiation therapy consists of protecting normal organs and delivering prescribed doses to malignant tumors through irradiation fields that are modulated over a short period of time.
  • Treatment plans for modern radiation therapy may include three-dimensional conformal therapy, intensity-modulated radiation therapy, stereotactic body radiation therapy, image-guided radiation therapy, respiratory-linked radiation therapy, and cyberknife.
  • Stereoscopic therapy can be applied to tumors occurring in any area and is currently the most basic form of radiation treatment.
  • Intensity-modulated radiation therapy is a cutting-edge radiation treatment method that delivers radiation distribution optimized for the treatment purpose to the treatment area while minimizing radiation irradiation to surrounding normal tissues. According to the intensity-controlled radiation treatment plan, it is important to ensure that radiation is irradiated only to the area to be irradiated.
  • the radiation therapy device irradiates radiation to the area where cancer occurs or to the area that requires radiation, but does not irradiate to other areas, before treatment is performed. There is.
  • Embodiments disclosed herein present a real-time radiation dose analysis device, method, and computer program that captures light generated from radiation irradiated to a scintillator with an imaging device such as a camera and measures dose distribution through the captured images. There is a purpose to doing this.
  • embodiments disclosed herein include a real-time radiation dose analysis device, method, and computer program that exists independently of the radiation treatment device and can record and analyze changes in radiation dose over time based on captured images. The purpose is to present .
  • Devices include a measuring unit including a scintillator that is irradiated with radiation and emits visible light; A captured image is generated by capturing the visible light emitted from the measuring unit, and the irradiated portion of the captured image is extracted by applying a mask created using a mask extraction algorithm, and output as a scintillation signal through Fourier transform.
  • a recording unit that decomposes the scintillation signal into frequency space to generate and store a compensation signal that corrects noise caused by the difference between the pulse repetition frequency of the radiation emitting device and the sampling frequency of the imaging device; and an analysis unit that analyzes real-time dose distribution based on the compensation signal.
  • the mask extraction algorithm may be a mask generated using a learning model based on an image synthesis network.
  • the mask extraction algorithm may be generated by learning from a training data set that uses a captured image as an input and a mask corresponding to the captured image as an output.
  • the mask extraction algorithm is implemented by including a first generator that converts a captured image into a mask, a second generator that converts the mask into a captured image, and a determination unit that determines whether the mask or the captured image is a real image or a virtual image, and the training data It can be learned and created as a set.
  • the recording unit extracts a radiation exposure area of the captured image by applying a mask generated using a mask extraction algorithm, calculates an average value of the radiation exposure area, and outputs a scintillation signal of the radiation exposure area based on the average value. can do.
  • the recording unit converts the scintillation signal into Fourier transform, decomposes it into the imaginary part of the scintillation signal and the real part of the scintillation signal, corrects noise based on the size of the real part of the scintillation signal, and performs the inverse Fourier transform through the imaginary part and the real part.
  • a compensation signal can be extracted through.
  • the analysis unit may calculate a scintillation operator by applying a luminance calculation formula to the compensation signal and calculate a real-time dose distribution based on the scintillation operator.
  • the analysis unit may analyze the geometric distortion caused by the position of the imaging device using an iterative reconstruction technique to re-correct the compensation signal, and then calculate a real-time dose distribution from the corrected compensation signal.
  • the method according to embodiments of the present disclosure includes the steps of generating a flash by irradiating a scintillator of the measuring unit with radiation emitted from a radiation source; generating a captured image by a recording unit capturing the flash of light generated from the measuring unit; The recording unit applying a mask generated using a mask extraction algorithm to extract the irradiated portion of the captured image and output the extracted scintillation signal; The recording unit decomposes the scintillation signal into frequency space through Fourier transform to generate and store a compensation signal that corrects noise caused by a difference between the pulse repetition frequency of the radiation emitting device and the sampling frequency of the imaging device; and an analysis unit receiving the compensation signal and outputting a real-time dose distribution image based on the compensation signal.
  • the mask extraction algorithm may be a mask generated using a learning model based on an image synthesis network.
  • the mask extraction algorithm may be generated by learning from a training data set that uses a captured image as an input and a mask corresponding to the captured image as an output.
  • the mask extraction algorithm is implemented by including a first generator that converts a captured image into a mask, a second generator that converts the mask into a captured image, and a determination unit that determines whether the mask or the captured image is a real image or a virtual image, and the training data It can be learned and created as a set.
  • the step of outputting the scintillation signal includes extracting a radiation exposure area of the captured image by applying a mask generated using the mask extraction algorithm, calculating an average value of the radiation exposure area, and applying radiation based on the average value.
  • a flash signal in the area can be output.
  • the step of outputting the scintillation signal includes converting the scintillation signal into Fourier transform, decomposing the scintillation signal into the imaginary part of the scintillation signal and the real part of the scintillation signal, correcting noise based on the size of the real part of the scintillation signal, and dividing the imaginary part and the real part into The compensation signal can be extracted through inverse Fourier transform.
  • a computer program according to an embodiment of the present invention may be stored in a medium to execute any one of the methods according to an embodiment of the present invention using a computer.
  • a real-time radiation dose analysis device, method, and computer program for photographing light generated by radiation irradiated to a scintillator with an imaging device such as a camera and measuring dose distribution through the photographed image can be presented.
  • Figure 1 is a configuration diagram schematically showing the configuration of a real-time radiation dose analysis device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 shows the actual design form of the real-time radiation dose analysis device according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a blueprint.
  • Figure 3 is a flowchart of a real-time radiation dose analysis method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a block diagram of a recording unit of a real-time radiation dose analysis device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a block diagram for explaining the analysis unit of the real-time radiation dose analysis device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7A is a diagram illustrating the operation of an image synthesis network-based learning device according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • Figure 7c is an example diagram of a captured image, a mask, and an image resulting from applying a mask to a captured image, according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a flowchart of the operation of the signal correction unit according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • first and second are used not in a limiting sense but for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another component.
  • a specific process sequence may be performed differently from the described sequence.
  • two processes described in succession may be performed substantially at the same time, or may be performed in an order opposite to that in which they are described.
  • the scintillation plate 110 may be placed at the top of the dark room 22, but the arrangement of the scintillation plate 110 can be designed in various ways within the range of measuring real-time dose through recording of visible light.
  • the recording unit 200 may include a CMOS camera module 21 and a dark room 22 as a device configuration.
  • the CMOS camera module 21 may be provided in two pieces so that they are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the flash plate 110 disposed at the top of the dark room 22.
  • the number and arrangement of the CMOS camera module 21 are not limited to this, and in addition to the CMOS camera module 21, it may be another imaging device that can easily record a flash signal.
  • the CMOS camera module 21 may be installed in the dark room 22.
  • the dark room 22 may support the CMOS camera module 21.
  • the recording unit 200 can record an image captured by visible light generated from the scintillation plate 110 in the form of a video using the CMOS camera module 21.
  • the recording unit 200 may extract the irradiated portion or area from the captured image, perform Fourier transformation on the captured image, and perform correction to remove distortion caused by the frequency difference.
  • the recording unit 200 may perform a method of processing a captured image according to the flowchart of FIG. 6.
  • the processor configuration of the recording unit 200 will be described in detail in the related drawings described later.
  • the processor may perform an operation to overall control each component 200 and 300 having each memory using various programs stored in the memory.
  • Processors include microprocessors, central processing units (CPUs), processor cores, multiprocessors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). It may include a processing device, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the memory can temporarily or permanently store all types of data processed by each component (200, 300) having each memory.
  • Memory may include random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), and non-permanent mass storage devices such as disk drives, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • RAM random access memory
  • ROM read only memory
  • non-permanent mass storage devices such as disk drives, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the operations performed by each of the above-described recording unit 200 and analysis unit 300 may be performed by each processor while communicating with a communication unit of another configuration.
  • Figure 3 is a flowchart of a real-time radiation dose analysis method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the analysis unit 300 of the real-time radiation dose analysis device may calculate a scintillation operator by applying a luminance calculation formula to the compensation signal and output a real-time dose distribution image based on the scintillation operator.
  • the mask extractor (MSH, see FIG. 7b) may be generated using an image synthesis network-based learning device.
  • a learning device based on an image synthesis network may have a structure as shown in FIG. 7A.
  • the image synthesis network-based learning device is to be learned with a training data set of a captured image (TD1, see FIG. 7a) that captures visible light emitted by irradiation and a mask (TD2, see FIG. 7a) corresponding to the captured image.
  • TD1 a captured image
  • TD2 a mask
  • the image synthesis network-based learning device can be generated by learning a first generator (GA1), which has a function of generating a mask from a captured image, and a second generator (GA2), which has a function of generating a captured image from a mask. .
  • the image synthesis network-based learning device can learn a discriminator (DT) that has the function of determining whether a captured image or mask is a real image or a virtual image.
  • the captured images or masks TD1 and TD2 may be videos or frames included in the images.
  • the first generator (GA1), the second generator (GA2), and the discriminator (DT) may be implemented as software, but are not limited to this and may be implemented as hardware.
  • the image synthesis network-based learning device can transmit the first generator (GA1), which generates a mask from a captured image, to the recording unit 200 of the real-time radiation dose analysis device 10 through a mask extractor (MSH, see FIG. 7B).
  • MSH mask extractor
  • the recording unit 200 may input a captured image (ID) into a mask extractor (MSH) generated by a learning device based on an image synthesis network and extract a mask (OD) corresponding to the captured image.
  • MISH mask extractor
  • the signal extraction unit 220 may apply the mask obtained through the mask extraction unit 210 to convert the captured image into a scintillation signal of the irradiated portion.
  • the analysis unit 300 may include an image correction unit 310 and an output unit 320.
  • the image correction unit 310 may correct geometric distortion caused by the location of a photographing device, for example, a camera.
  • the image correction unit 310 utilized an iterative reconstruction algorithm used in reconstruction of computed tomography.
  • the captured image may be marked as 'b' in the iterative reconstruction algorithm described later.
  • the image correction unit 310 may correct geometric distortion using a scintillation operator (A Lumi ) instead of a projection operator calculated based on the transmission length through which a radiation photon passes through the subject.
  • the scintillation operator (A Lumi ) can be calculated as a luminance calculation formula for the scintillation signal.
  • the luminance (B) of the flash signal is determined by the distance (r) between the recording unit 200 (here, this may mean the CMOS camera module 21) and the subject 120 and the recording unit 200. It can be defined by the brightness of a flash signal generated from an arbitrary area ( L
  • the subject 120 may refer to the flash plate 110 described above.
  • the scintillation operator (A Lumi ) uses the luminance calculation formula of [Equation 1] described above as It can be defined as a determinant calculated for every 1 to L x ).
  • the scintillation operator (A Lumi ) defined in this way can be expressed as [Equation 2] below.
  • r N,x in the denominator of [Equation 2] represents the distance from the Nth CMOS camera module 21 to a random area (L x ) of the subject 120, and L N,x in the numerator is N It represents the brightness of a flash signal generated from an arbitrary area (L x ) of the subject 120 detected by the th CMOS camera module 21.
  • the initial predicted value (x 0 ) can be calculated by multiplying each component of the scintillation operator (A Lumi ) matrix with each region corresponding to an arbitrary region (L x ) of the subject 120 of the captured image (b). .
  • Figure 6 is a flowchart of a real-time radiation dose analysis method according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • the real-time radiation dose analysis device 10 records the captured image of the scintillation plate.
  • the real-time radiation dose analysis device 10 may extract a mask by processing an image of radiation irradiated by an intensity-controlled radiation treatment plan on a segment basis.
  • the real-time radiation dose analysis device 10 may extract a mask by processing an image of radiation irradiated by a three-dimensional intensity control rotation radiation treatment plan based on control points.
  • the real-time radiation dose analysis device 10 may extract a scintillation signal including the irradiated area by applying the mask extracted in S231 and/or S232. As shown in FIG. 7C, an image 73 including the irradiated area may be output by applying the extracted mask 72 to the captured image 71 (see FIG. 7C).
  • the real-time radiation dose analysis device 10 can correct the output ratio of the scintillation signal by applying a mask.
  • the real-time radiation dose analysis device 10 can calculate the area of the area where radiation is irradiated through the mask and correct the output ratio based on the area.
  • the real-time radiation dose analysis device 10 compares the actual radiation output (reference, output factor) and the radiation output (camera, output factor) by the image captured by the imaging device and takes the image.
  • the radiation output from the image (camera) can be corrected to the actual radiation output (reference).
  • the real-time radiation dose analysis device 10 may image a light intensity that is different from the actual radiation intensity depending on the sensitivity (ISO) of the imaging device.
  • the real-time radiation dose analysis device 10 may correct geometric distortion included in the scintillation signal.
  • the real-time radiation dose analysis device 10 can correct geometric distortion caused by, for example, camera position.
  • Figure 7d is a diagram showing the difference in output factor between a captured image and a reference.
  • Figure 8 is a flowchart of the operation of the signal correction unit 230 according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the signal correction unit 230 receives a signal extracted by applying a mask from the signal extraction unit 220.
  • the signal correction unit 230 may Fourier transform the signal into the frequency dimension.
  • the signal correction unit 230 can decompose the Fourier transform result into the real part (Real(FT(x))) and the imaginary part (Imag(FT(x))) of the signal.
  • the signal correction unit 230 can obtain the real part (Real(FT(x)) and the imaginary part (Imag(FT(x)) of the signal, and the DC component (FT(xo)). )) can be used to select the signal (xk).
  • the selected signal ( ) can be calculated by the equation below.
  • the signal correction unit 230 may determine whether the processed signal satisfies a predetermined condition through processes such as signal selection and signal attenuation.
  • the predetermined conditions may be as follows, but are not limited to this and various modifications are possible.
  • the signal correction unit 230 converts a signal that satisfies the conditions into an inverse Fourier transform ( ) to create a compensation signal with distortion corrected ( ) can be output.
  • a compensation signal in which distortion due to the frequency difference included in the signal is compensated may be output.
  • the real-time radiation dose analysis device may perform steps S310 to S360 for radiation irradiation according to an intensity-controlled radiation treatment plan, but is not limited thereto.
  • Figure 9 is a flowchart of a geometric distortion correction method according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the real-time radiation dose analysis device can correct geometric distortion using a scintillation operator (A Lumi ) instead of a projection operator calculated based on the transmission length through which radiation photons pass through the subject.
  • a Lumi scintillation operator
  • the real-time radiation dose analysis device 10 may acquire a captured image (b).
  • the real-time radiation dose analysis device 10 may calculate the scintillation operator (A Lumi ) as shown in FIG. 10.
  • the real-time radiation dose analysis device 10 provides an initial predicted value (A Lumi) based on the captured image and the scintillation operator (A Lumi ). ) can be calculated.
  • the real-time radiation dose analysis device 10 may repeatedly perform steps S431 to S435.
  • the real-time radiation dose analysis device 10 moves during the moving step ( ) can be calculated.
  • the real-time radiation dose analysis device 10 moves to the moving stage ( ) can be considered to determine convergence.
  • the real-time radiation dose analysis device 10 may calculate a correction image if the convergence is not converged.
  • the real-time radiation dose analysis device 10 may output the final image as a real-time radiation distribution image if convergence is determined as a result of convergence.
  • a single processing device may be described as being used; however, those skilled in the art will understand that a processing device includes multiple processing elements and/or multiple types of processing elements. It can be seen that it may include.
  • a processing device may include a plurality of processors or one processor and one controller. Additionally, other processing configurations, such as parallel processors, are possible.
  • Software may include a computer program, code, instructions, or a combination of one or more of these, which may configure a processing unit to operate as desired, or may be processed independently or collectively. You can command the device.
  • Software and/or data may be used on any type of machine, component, physical device, virtual equipment, computer storage medium or device to be interpreted by or to provide instructions or data to a processing device. , or may be permanently or temporarily embodied in a transmitted signal wave.
  • Software may be distributed over networked computer systems and stored or executed in a distributed manner.
  • Software and data may be stored on one or more computer-readable recording media.
  • the method according to the embodiment may be implemented in the form of program instructions that can be executed through various computer means and recorded on a computer-readable medium.
  • the computer-readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, etc., singly or in combination.
  • Program instructions recorded on the medium may be specially designed and configured for the embodiment or may be known and available to those skilled in the art of computer software.
  • Examples of computer-readable recording media include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks, and magnetic tapes, optical media such as CD-ROMs and DVDs, and magnetic media such as floptical disks.
  • program instructions include machine language code, such as that produced by a compiler, as well as high-level language code that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter, etc.
  • the hardware devices described above may be configured to operate as one or more software modules to perform the operations of the embodiments, and vice versa.

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Abstract

Selon des modes de réalisation de la présente divulgation, un appareil pour analyser une dose de radiation en temps réel est divulgué, comprenant : une unité de mesure comprenant un scintillateur qui génère un signal clignotant lorsqu'une radiation émise par une source de radiation est irradiée ; une unité d'enregistrement qui génère une image capturée obtenue par photographie du signal clignotant généré par l'unité de mesure, qui fournit en sortie, en tant que signal clignotant extrait, une partie de l'image capturée dans laquelle une irradiation par radiation est réalisée, par application d'un masque généré à l'aide d'un algorithme d'extraction de masque, et qui génère et stocke un signal de compensation obtenu par correction d'un bruit généré en raison d'une différence entre une fréquence de répétition d'impulsion d'un appareil d'émission de radiation et une fréquence d'échantillonnage d'un appareil de photographie, par décomposition de la lumière clignotante pour qu'elle corresponde à un domaine fréquentiel par transformation de Fourier ; et une unité d'analyse pour analyser une distribution de dose en temps réel sur la base du signal de compensation.
PCT/KR2023/007819 2022-06-08 2023-06-08 Appareil, procédé et programme informatique pour analyser une dose de radiation en temps réel WO2023239168A1 (fr)

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JP2021021567A (ja) * 2019-07-24 2021-02-18 国立研究開発法人日本原子力研究開発機構 α線放出核種の分析方法及び分析装置
KR20210025758A (ko) * 2019-08-27 2021-03-10 고려대학교 산학협력단 플라스틱 형광판을 이용한 실시간 선량 모니터링 시스템 및 방법
KR20210080852A (ko) * 2019-12-23 2021-07-01 연세대학교 산학협력단 휴대용 방사선 모니터링 시스템 및 이를 이용한 방사선 모니터링 방법

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