WO2023237573A1 - Process for preparing an additive for a binder or a construction material, additive for a binder or a construction material, and use of a mixture of slate and desert sand as an additive for a binder or a construction material - Google Patents
Process for preparing an additive for a binder or a construction material, additive for a binder or a construction material, and use of a mixture of slate and desert sand as an additive for a binder or a construction material Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023237573A1 WO2023237573A1 PCT/EP2023/065161 EP2023065161W WO2023237573A1 WO 2023237573 A1 WO2023237573 A1 WO 2023237573A1 EP 2023065161 W EP2023065161 W EP 2023065161W WO 2023237573 A1 WO2023237573 A1 WO 2023237573A1
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- Prior art keywords
- slate
- additive
- binder
- desert sand
- mixture
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000010454 slate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 62
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 pozzolana Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000242757 Anthozoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing an additive for a binder or a building material, an additive for a binder or a building material and a use of a mixture of slate and desert sand as an additive for a binder or a building material.
- desert sand could not be used as a component of building materials in particular without reducing the quality, resilience and durability of the building material.
- the object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art.
- a process for producing an additive for a binder or a building material comprising the following steps:
- Grinding can be done in a suitable grinding device.
- the process is particularly preferably the production of an additive for a building material.
- the grinding can be done in such a way that slate and desert sand are simultaneously and jointly given the grinding device, ie a mill or the like. Alternatively, you can consider putting the slate into the grinding device first and adding the desert sand at a later time.
- the slate can be used, for example, as gravel, grit, gravel, sand or flour, preferably with a coarse grain size such as gravel, chippings or gravel. It can also be considered that the slate to be ground is in particles that are larger than chippings and gravel, or that the slate to be ground is not in particulate form. If the slate is already ground before the desert sand is added, then at the time the desert sand is added there may already be slate particles such as gravel that are not several orders of magnitude larger than the desert sand particles, which can simplify grinding.
- Another alternative is to grind the desert sand first and add the slate at a later time.
- shale and desert sand are preferably ground together over a certain period of time.
- the mixture is preferably a bulk material.
- the mixture can contain other components in addition to slate and desert sand.
- organic substances can be added. You may want to consider adding sea sand in addition to desert sand. Sea sand naturally contains components of dead sea plants and marine animals such as corals, which naturally contain carbon. Alternatively, instead of organic substances, it can be considered to add substances that contain a significant proportion of carbon, even if they cannot be described as organic substances from a chemical point of view.
- the mixture can consist of slate, desert sand and sea sand.
- the mixture can consist of shale, desert sand and a carbon source.
- the mixture consists of slate and desert sand, and therefore does not contain any other components in addition to the aforementioned two components.
- the mixture preferably does not contain any binder, which causes the components of the mixture to stick or clump together. This does not contradict the use of the mixture as a component of a binder such as cement.
- the mixture is preferably used in cement or the like in order to later be part of a building material to which the cement or the like has been added as a binder.
- the mixture according to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention is therefore particularly preferably used in building materials.
- such a building material can include at least one additive and at least one binder.
- concrete can be considered, which, in addition to the above-described mixture, includes an aggregate that is common in concrete production and cement as a binder.
- the building material, in particular concrete can include other components that are intended, for example, to improve its properties.
- the building material, in particular concrete consists of the above-described mixture, an additive and a binder, for example cement, and therefore does not include any further components.
- the method for producing the additive according to the aforementioned exemplary embodiments only includes the grinding of the components described, but no further steps such as the production of larger ones Particles from the ground components, the process is particularly easy to carry out, environmentally friendly and inexpensive. These advantages are also achieved by the fact that no toxic binders are used, which cause the above-described jointly ground components to stick, clump together or the like.
- Desert sand usually consists predominantly of silicon dioxide.
- slate has a basic effect.
- silicate compounds can form. This happens either through the alkaline effect of the slate, especially its alkaline components, or in another way.
- the crushing of slate and sand during the grinding process as well as any surface changes that occur make the mixture an advantageous additive for the production of binders and in particular building materials such as cement, lime, pozzolana, concrete, plaster or mortar.
- the mixture is particularly preferably used for building materials such as concrete, plaster or mortar.
- the surface changes, for example greater roughness, and silicate compounds that form on the surface can ensure that the mixture containing jointly ground slate and desert sand clumps together after grinding to form larger particles, which are advantageous when setting the building material in which the mixture is used can be.
- Such clumped particles can also improve the mechanical properties of the hardened building material, i.e. a component made from the building material.
- the mixture can also have a beneficial effect on the properties of the building material and components made from it even without such clumping. It should be mentioned that in the past it was often assumed that sand, and especially desert sand, was fundamentally unsuitable for the production of building materials because of its low roughness and very small grain size as well as its grain size distribution without larger grains.
- the surface enlargement of desert sand and slate caused by grinding can also cause alkaline components of the slate to react with the silicon dioxide of the desert sand to form silicate hydrates. This can happen during the setting or during the post-hardening of a component made from the building material, for example concrete, which sometimes lasts for years.
- the grinding process makes a larger surface area of the desert sand and slate available, so that both the alkaline components of the slate and the silicon dioxide of the desert sand can more easily and frequently contact each other as reactants on the respective surfaces.
- the proportion of slate and desert sand in the mixture can each be at least 20%.
- the proportion of slate is at least 20%. It can be at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50% and up to 80%.
- the proportion of desert sand is at least 20%. It can be at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50% and up to 80%.
- the mixture can consist of 20% slate and 80% desert sand.
- the mixture can consist of 30% slate and 70% desert sand.
- the mixture can consist of 40% slate and 60% desert sand.
- the mixture can consist of 50% slate and 50% desert sand.
- the mixture can consist of 60% slate and 40% desert sand.
- the mixture can consist of 70% slate and 30% desert sand.
- the mixture can consist of 80% slate and 20% desert sand.
- the mixture includes other components in addition to slate and desert sand, it still preferably contains at least 20% slate and at least 20% desert sand.
- the desert sand contained in the mixture can be ground to a grain size of 0.5 mm or smaller.
- the desert sand is ground to a grain size of a maximum of 0.25 mm, a maximum of 0.1 mm, a maximum of 0.75 mm, a maximum of 0.05 mm or a maximum of 0.04 mm.
- Bulk materials with a grain size of less than 0.063 mm are usually no longer referred to as sand, but rather as flour.
- the present invention therefore also includes embodiments in which slate is ground into slate powder and/or desert sand into corresponding flour.
- the grinding process can be carried out in such a way that the maximum grain sizes mentioned above for desert sand also apply to the slate. Alternatively, it can be considered to carry out the procedure in such a way that larger Slate particles result. This can be done, for example, by varying the grinding time.
- a degree of grinding in a second grinding step is finer than that in a first grinding step.
- the method can also include more than two grinding steps, with the degree of grinding of each grinding step preferably being finer than the degree of grinding of the previous grinding step.
- the present invention further comprises an additive for a binder or a building material, the additive comprising slate and desert sand which have been ground together. All details and details explained with regard to the method described above also apply to the exemplary embodiments of the additive and vice versa.
- the present invention further comprises a building material or a binder comprising an embodiment of the additive described above.
- the building material can be selected from a group consisting of concrete, mortar and plaster.
- the binder can be selected from the group of cement, lime and pozzolans.
- the present invention further includes a use of a mixture of co-ground slate and desert sand as an additive for a binder or a building material.
- the present invention further includes an additive for a binder or a building material obtained by a method as described above.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a process for preparing an additive for a binder or a construction material, the process being intended to comprise the following steps: - grinding a mixture containing slate and desert sand.
Description
Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Additivs für ein Bindemittel oder einen Baustoff, Additiv für ein Bindemittel oder einen Baustoff sowie Verwendung eines Gemisches aus Schiefer und Wüstensand als Additiv für ein Bindemittel oder einen Baustoff Process for producing an additive for a binder or a building material, additive for a binder or a building material and use of a mixture of slate and desert sand as an additive for a binder or a building material
Technisches Gebiet Technical area
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Additivs für ein Bindemittel oder einen Baustoff, ein Additiv für ein Bindemittel oder einen Baustoff sowie eine Verwendung eines Gemisches aus Schiefer und Wüstensand als Additiv für ein Bindemittel oder einen Baustoff. The invention relates to a method for producing an additive for a binder or a building material, an additive for a binder or a building material and a use of a mixture of slate and desert sand as an additive for a binder or a building material.
Stand der Technik State of the art
Die Verwendung von Sand insbesondere für die Herstellung von Baustoffen wurde im Stand der Technik bereits diskutiert.
Derartige Verfahren sind oft aufwändig, kosten- und energieintensiv und auf toxische Bindemittel oder andere problematische Zusatzstoffe angewiesen. The use of sand, particularly for the production of building materials, has already been discussed in the prior art. Such processes are often complex, cost- and energy-intensive and rely on toxic binders or other problematic additives.
Teilweise konnte Wüstensand auch nicht als Komponente von insbesondere Baustoffen eingesetzt werden, ohne die Qualität, Belastbarkeit und Haltbarkeit des Baustoffs herabzusetzen. In some cases, desert sand could not be used as a component of building materials in particular without reducing the quality, resilience and durability of the building material.
Aufgabe der Erfindung Task of the invention
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, die Nachteile aus dem Stand der Technik zu überwinden. The object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art.
Lösung der Aufgabe Solution to the task
Zur Lösung der Aufgabe führen die Gegenstände der unabhängigen Ansprüche. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben. The subjects of the independent claims lead to the solution of the problem. Advantageous embodiments are described in the subclaims.
Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Additivs für ein Bindemittel oder einen Baustoff, das Verfahren umfassend folgende Schritte: A process for producing an additive for a binder or a building material, the process comprising the following steps:
- Mahlen eines Gemisches enthaltend Schiefer und Wüstensand. - Grinding a mixture containing slate and desert sand.
Das Mahlen kann in einer geeigneten Mahl-Vorrichtung erfolgen. Grinding can be done in a suitable grinding device.
Wie nachstehend beschrieben handelt es sich bei dem Verfahren besonders bevorzugt um die Herstellung eines Additivs für einen Baustoff. As described below, the process is particularly preferably the production of an additive for a building material.
Das Mahlen kann so erfolgen, dass Schiefer und Wüstensand gleichzeitig und gemeinsam die Mahl-Vorrichtung, d.h. eine Mühle oder dergleichen, gegeben werden. Alternativ kann daran gedacht sein, zunächst den Schiefer in die Mahl- Vorrichtung zu geben, und den Wüstensand zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt zuzugeben. Der Schiefer kann beispielsweise als Schotter, Splitt, Kies, Sand
oder Mehl vorliegen, wobei vorzugsweise eine grobe Körnung wie Schotter, Splitt oder Kies vorliegt. Es kann auch daran gedacht sein, dass der zu mahlende Schiefer in Partikeln vorliegt, die grösser sind als Splitt und Schotter, oder dass der zu mahlende Schiefer nicht in partikulärer Form vorliegt. Wird der Schiefer vor der Zugabe des Wüstensands bereits gemahlen, so können zum Zeitpunkt der Wüstensand-Zugabe bereits Schiefer-Partikel wie Kies vorliegen, welche nicht um mehrere Grössenordnungen grösser sind als die Wüstensand- Partikel, was das Mahlen vereinfachen kann. The grinding can be done in such a way that slate and desert sand are simultaneously and jointly given the grinding device, ie a mill or the like. Alternatively, you can consider putting the slate into the grinding device first and adding the desert sand at a later time. The slate can be used, for example, as gravel, grit, gravel, sand or flour, preferably with a coarse grain size such as gravel, chippings or gravel. It can also be considered that the slate to be ground is in particles that are larger than chippings and gravel, or that the slate to be ground is not in particulate form. If the slate is already ground before the desert sand is added, then at the time the desert sand is added there may already be slate particles such as gravel that are not several orders of magnitude larger than the desert sand particles, which can simplify grinding.
Weiter alternativ kann daran gedacht sein, den Wüstensand zuerst zu mahlen, und den Schiefer zeitversetzt zuzugeben. Another alternative is to grind the desert sand first and add the slate at a later time.
In sämtlichen Ausführungsbeispielen erfolgt jedoch vorzugsweise ein gemeinsames Mahlen von Schiefer und Wüstensand über einen gewissen Zeitraum hinweg. In all exemplary embodiments, however, shale and desert sand are preferably ground together over a certain period of time.
Bei dem Gemisch handelt es sich vorzugsweise um ein Schüttgut. The mixture is preferably a bulk material.
Das Gemisch kann neben Schiefer und Wüstensand weitere Bestandteile enthalten. Beispielsweise können organische Stoffe beigefügt werden. So kann daran gedacht sein, neben Wüstensand auch Meeressand beizufügen. Meeressand enthält natürlicherweise Bestandteile abgestorbener Meerespflanzen und Meerestiere wie beispielsweise Korallen, welche natürlicherweise Kohlenstoff enthalten. Alternativ kann daran gedacht sein, anstelle organischer Stoffe solche Stoffe zuzugeben, welche jedenfalls einen signifikanten Kohlenstoffanteil enthalten, auch wenn sie aus chemischer Sicht nicht als organischer Stoff zu bezeichnen sind. The mixture can contain other components in addition to slate and desert sand. For example, organic substances can be added. You may want to consider adding sea sand in addition to desert sand. Sea sand naturally contains components of dead sea plants and marine animals such as corals, which naturally contain carbon. Alternatively, instead of organic substances, it can be considered to add substances that contain a significant proportion of carbon, even if they cannot be described as organic substances from a chemical point of view.
Das Gemisch kann einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss aus Schiefer, Wüstensand und Meeressand bestehen.
Das Gemisch kann einem anderen Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss aus Schiefer, Wüstensand und einer Kohlenstoffquelle bestehen. According to a preferred exemplary embodiment, the mixture can consist of slate, desert sand and sea sand. According to another exemplary embodiment, the mixture can consist of shale, desert sand and a carbon source.
Einem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss kann auch daran gedacht sein, dass das Gemisch aus Schiefer und Wüstensand besteht, und somit neben den vorgenannten zwei Bestandteilen keine weiteren Bestandteile umfasst. According to an exemplary embodiment, it can also be considered that the mixture consists of slate and desert sand, and therefore does not contain any other components in addition to the aforementioned two components.
Vorzugsweise umfasst das Gemisch kein Bindemittel, welches für ein Verkleben oder Verklumpen der Bestandteile des Gemischs untereinander sorgt. Dies widerspricht nicht dem Einsatz des Gemischs als Bestandteil eines Bindemittels wie beispielsweise Zement. In Zement oder dergleichen wird das Gemisch vorzugsweise eingesetzt, um später Bestandteil eines Baustoffs zu sein, welchem der Zement oder dergleichen als Bindemittel zugegeben wurde. The mixture preferably does not contain any binder, which causes the components of the mixture to stick or clump together. This does not contradict the use of the mixture as a component of a binder such as cement. The mixture is preferably used in cement or the like in order to later be part of a building material to which the cement or the like has been added as a binder.
Das Gemisch gemäss den Ausführungsbeispielen der vorliegenden Erfindung wird also besonders bevorzugt in Baustoffen eingesetzt. The mixture according to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention is therefore particularly preferably used in building materials.
Ein solcher Baustoff kann neben dem vorbeschriebenen Gemisch umfassend gemeinsam gemahlenen Schiefer und Wüstensand zumindest einen Zuschlagstoff und zumindest ein Bindemittel umfassen Beispielsweise kann an Beton gedacht sein, welcher neben dem vorbeschriebenen Gemisch einen bei der Betonherstellung üblichen Zuschlagstoff und Zement als Bindemittel umfasst. Der Baustoff, insbesondere der Beton, kann weitere Komponenten umfassen, die beispielsweise seine Eigenschaften verbessern sollen. Es kann aber auch daran gedacht sein, dass der Baustoff, insbesondere Beton, aus dem vorbeschriebenen Gemisch, einem Zuschlagstoff und einem Bindemittel, beispielsweise Zement, besteht, und somit keine weiteren Komponenten umfasst. In addition to the above-described mixture comprising jointly ground slate and desert sand, such a building material can include at least one additive and at least one binder. For example, concrete can be considered, which, in addition to the above-described mixture, includes an aggregate that is common in concrete production and cement as a binder. The building material, in particular concrete, can include other components that are intended, for example, to improve its properties. However, it can also be considered that the building material, in particular concrete, consists of the above-described mixture, an additive and a binder, for example cement, and therefore does not include any further components.
Indem das Verfahren zur Herstellung des Additivs gemäss den vorgenannten Ausführungsbeispielen nur das Mahlen der beschriebenen Komponenten umfasst, jedoch keine weiteren Schritte wie etwa die Herstellung grösserer
Partikel aus den gemahlenen Bestandteilen, ist das Verfahren besonders einfach durchzuführen, umweltfreundlich und günstig. Diese Vorteile werden auch dadurch bewirkt, dass keine toxischen Bindemittel eingesetzt werden, welche für ein Anhaften, Verklumpen oder dergleichen der vorbeschriebenen gemeinsam gemahlenen Bestandteile sorgen. In that the method for producing the additive according to the aforementioned exemplary embodiments only includes the grinding of the components described, but no further steps such as the production of larger ones Particles from the ground components, the process is particularly easy to carry out, environmentally friendly and inexpensive. These advantages are also achieved by the fact that no toxic binders are used, which cause the above-described jointly ground components to stick, clump together or the like.
Wüstensand besteht meist überwiegend aus Siliziumdioxid. Beim Mahlen mit dem Schiefer kommt es zu Veränderungen auf den Oberflächen der Schieferpartikel und der Wüstensandpartikel. Schiefer hat einem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss eine basische Wirkung. Beim Mahlen oder nach dem Mahlen kann es zur Bildung von Silikatverbindungen kommen. Dies geschieht entweder durch die basische Wirkung des Schiefers, insbesondere dessen basische Bestandteile, oder auf anderen Weise. Desert sand usually consists predominantly of silicon dioxide. When the slate is milled, changes occur on the surfaces of the slate particles and the desert sand particles. According to one embodiment, slate has a basic effect. During grinding or after grinding, silicate compounds can form. This happens either through the alkaline effect of the slate, especially its alkaline components, or in another way.
Zusätzliche oder alternative Oberflächenveränderungen der Schieferpartikel und/oder der Wüstensandpartikel sind denkbar. Allgemein können derartige Oberflächenveränderungen sowohl chemischer als auch rein mechanischer Natur sein. Es können also neue Bindungen zwischen Atomen oder Molekülen geknüpft werden, oder die Oberflächenbeschaffenheit, beispielsweise die Rauheit oder Rautiefe, verändert werden. Insbesondere eine Erhöhung der Rauheit oder Rautiefe durch das Mahlen ist möglich, was die Wirkung des Gemischs im Beton dahingehend verbessert, dass raue Partikel in einem beispielsweise aus dem Beton hergestellten Bauteil für höhere Stabilität und Belastbarkeit sorgen, weil der Zusammenhalt der im Beton enthaltenen Bestandteile untereinander verbessert wird. Additional or alternative surface changes to the shale particles and/or the desert sand particles are conceivable. In general, such surface changes can be both chemical and purely mechanical in nature. This means that new bonds can be formed between atoms or molecules, or the surface properties, for example the roughness or roughness depth, can be changed. In particular, an increase in the roughness or roughness depth through grinding is possible, which improves the effect of the mixture in the concrete in such a way that rough particles in a component made from the concrete, for example, ensure greater stability and resilience because of the cohesion of the components contained in the concrete with one another is improved.
Die Zerkleinerung von Schiefer und Sand beim Mahlvorgang sowie etwaige auftretende Oberflächenveränderungen machen aus dem Gemisch ein vorteilhaftes Additiv für die Herstellung von Bindemitteln und insbesondere von Baustoffen wie beispielsweise Zement, Kalk, Puzzolane, Beton, Putz oder Mörtel. Besonders bevorzugt wird das Gemisch für Baustoffe wie Beton, Putz oder Mörtel verwendet.
Die Oberflächenveränderungen, beispielsweise eine höhere Rauheit, und an der Oberfläche sich bildende Silikatverbindungen können dafür sorgen, dass das Gemisch enthaltend gemeinsam gemahlenen Schiefer und Wüstensand nach dem Mahlen zu grösseren Partikeln verklumpt, welche beim Abbinden des Baustoffs, in welchem das Gemisch eingesetzt wird, vorteilhaft sein kann. Derartige verklumpte Partikel können auch die mechanischen Eigenschaften des ausgehärteten Baustoffs, also eines aus dem Baustoff hergestellten Bauteils, verbessern. Das Gemisch kann sich jedoch auch ohne ein solches Verklumpen vorteilhaft auf die Eigenschaften des Baustoffs und daraus hergestellter Bauteile auswirken. Hierbei sei erwähnt, dass in der Vergangenheit oft angenommen wurde, dass Sand und insbesondere Wüstensand wegen seiner geringen Rauheit und der sehr kleinen Korngrösse sowie seiner Korngrössenverteilung ohne grössere Körner grundsätzlich ungeeignet für die Herstellung von Baustoffen sei. The crushing of slate and sand during the grinding process as well as any surface changes that occur make the mixture an advantageous additive for the production of binders and in particular building materials such as cement, lime, pozzolana, concrete, plaster or mortar. The mixture is particularly preferably used for building materials such as concrete, plaster or mortar. The surface changes, for example greater roughness, and silicate compounds that form on the surface can ensure that the mixture containing jointly ground slate and desert sand clumps together after grinding to form larger particles, which are advantageous when setting the building material in which the mixture is used can be. Such clumped particles can also improve the mechanical properties of the hardened building material, i.e. a component made from the building material. However, the mixture can also have a beneficial effect on the properties of the building material and components made from it even without such clumping. It should be mentioned that in the past it was often assumed that sand, and especially desert sand, was fundamentally unsuitable for the production of building materials because of its low roughness and very small grain size as well as its grain size distribution without larger grains.
Die durch das Mahlen bewirkte Oberflächenvergrösserung von Wüstensand und Schiefer kann weiterhin bewirken, dass basisch wirkende Bestandteile des Schiefers mit dem Silciumdioxid des Wüstensands zu Silikat-Hydraten reagieren. Dies kann während des Abbindens oder aber während des teilweise über Jahre andauernden Nachhärtens eines aus dem Baustoff, beispielsweise Beton, gefertigten Bauteils geschehen. Durch den Mahlvorgang steht eine grössere Oberfläche des Wüstensands und des Schiefers zur Verfügung, so dass sowohl die basischen wirkenden Bestandteile des Schiefers als auch das Siliciumdioxid des Wüstensands an den jeweiligen Oberflächen einfacher und häufiger als Reaktionspartner miteinander in Verbindung treten können. The surface enlargement of desert sand and slate caused by grinding can also cause alkaline components of the slate to react with the silicon dioxide of the desert sand to form silicate hydrates. This can happen during the setting or during the post-hardening of a component made from the building material, for example concrete, which sometimes lasts for years. The grinding process makes a larger surface area of the desert sand and slate available, so that both the alkaline components of the slate and the silicon dioxide of the desert sand can more easily and frequently contact each other as reactants on the respective surfaces.
Der Anteil an Schiefer und Wüstensand am Gemisch kann jeweils zumindest 20% betragen. The proportion of slate and desert sand in the mixture can each be at least 20%.
Der Anteil an Schiefer beträgt zumindest 20%. Er kann zumindest 30%, zumindest 40%, zumindest 50% und bis zu 80% betragen.
Der Anteil an Wüstensand beträgt zumindest 20%. Er kann zumindest 30%, zumindest 40%, zumindest 50% und bis zu 80% betragen. The proportion of slate is at least 20%. It can be at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50% and up to 80%. The proportion of desert sand is at least 20%. It can be at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50% and up to 80%.
Beispielsweise kann das Gemisch aus 20% Schiefer und 80% Wüstensand bestehen. Alternativ kann das Gemisch aus 30% Schiefer und 70% Wüstensand bestehen. Alternativ kann das Gemisch aus 40% Schiefer und 60% Wüstensand bestehen. Alternativ kann das Gemisch aus 50% Schiefer und 50% Wüstensand bestehen. Alternativ kann das Gemisch aus 60% Schiefer und 40% Wüstensand bestehen. Alternativ kann das Gemisch aus 70% Schiefer und 30% Wüstensand bestehen. Alternativ kann das Gemisch aus 80% Schiefer und 20% Wüstensand bestehen. For example, the mixture can consist of 20% slate and 80% desert sand. Alternatively, the mixture can consist of 30% slate and 70% desert sand. Alternatively, the mixture can consist of 40% slate and 60% desert sand. Alternatively, the mixture can consist of 50% slate and 50% desert sand. Alternatively, the mixture can consist of 60% slate and 40% desert sand. Alternatively, the mixture can consist of 70% slate and 30% desert sand. Alternatively, the mixture can consist of 80% slate and 20% desert sand.
Umfasst das Gemisch neben Schiefer und Wüstensand weitere Bestandteile, so sind dennoch vorzugsweise zumindest 20% Schiefer und zumindest 20% Wüstensand enthalten. If the mixture includes other components in addition to slate and desert sand, it still preferably contains at least 20% slate and at least 20% desert sand.
Der im Gemisch enthaltene Wüstensand kann auf eine Korngrösse von 0,5 mm oder kleiner gemahlen werden. The desert sand contained in the mixture can be ground to a grain size of 0.5 mm or smaller.
Ferner kann daran gedacht sein, dass der Wüstensand auf eine Korngrösse von maximal 0,25 mm, maximal 0,1 mm, maximal 0,75 mm, maximal 0,05mm oder maximal 0,04 mm gemahlen wird. It can also be considered that the desert sand is ground to a grain size of a maximum of 0.25 mm, a maximum of 0.1 mm, a maximum of 0.75 mm, a maximum of 0.05 mm or a maximum of 0.04 mm.
Üblicherweise werden Schüttgüter mit einer Korngrösse unterhalb von 0,063 mm nicht mehr als Sand, sondern als Mehl bezeichnet. Die vorliegende Erfindung umfasst also auch Ausführungsbeispiele, bei welchen Schiefer zu Schiefermehl und/oder Wüstensand zu entsprechendem Mehl gemahlen wird. Bulk materials with a grain size of less than 0.063 mm are usually no longer referred to as sand, but rather as flour. The present invention therefore also includes embodiments in which slate is ground into slate powder and/or desert sand into corresponding flour.
Der Mahlvorgang kann so geführt sein, dass die vorstehend für den Wüstensand genannten maximalen Korngrössen auch für den Schiefer gelten. Alternativ kann daran gedacht sein, das Verfahren so zu führen, dass grössere
Schieferpartikel resultieren. Dies kann beispielsweise durch Variieren einer Mahl-Dauer geschehen. The grinding process can be carried out in such a way that the maximum grain sizes mentioned above for desert sand also apply to the slate. Alternatively, it can be considered to carry out the procedure in such a way that larger Slate particles result. This can be done, for example, by varying the grinding time.
Es kann daran gedacht sein, zumindest zwei Mahl-Schritte durchzuführen. Vorzugsweise ist ein Mahlgrad eines zweiten Mahl-Schritts feiner ist als derjenige eines ersten Mahl-Schritts. It may be worth considering carrying out at least two grinding steps. Preferably, a degree of grinding in a second grinding step is finer than that in a first grinding step.
Das Verfahren kann auch mehr als zwei Mahl-Schritte umfassen, wobei der Mahlgrad jedes Mahl-Schritts vorzugsweise feiner ist, als der Mahlgrad des vorhergehenden Mahl-Schritts. The method can also include more than two grinding steps, with the degree of grinding of each grinding step preferably being finer than the degree of grinding of the previous grinding step.
Hierbei kann daran gedacht sein, bereits im ersten Mahl-Schritt Schiefer und Wüstensand gemeinsam zu vermahlen. Im zweiten Mahl-Schritt kann dann optional einer der Stoffe, vorzugsweise Wüstensand, zugegeben werden. Dies gilt insbesondere, wenn die zu mahlenden Schiefer-Partikel anfangs deutlich grösser sind als die Wüstensand-Partikel, und der Anteil an Schiefer in der Mahl-Vorrichtung demnach im ersten Mahl-Schritt vorteilhafterweise möglichst gross ist. You can consider grinding slate and desert sand together in the first grinding step. In the second grinding step, one of the substances, preferably desert sand, can then optionally be added. This is particularly true if the slate particles to be ground are initially significantly larger than the desert sand particles, and the proportion of slate in the grinding device is therefore advantageously as large as possible in the first grinding step.
Es kann auch daran gedacht sein, dass vor dem zweiten oder etwaigen weiteren Mahl-Schritten keine Zugabe von Schiefer oder Wüstensand erfolgt, und das Verhältnis der Komponenten des zu mahlenden Gemischs somit vor dem ersten Mahl-Schritt festgelegt wird. It can also be considered that no slate or desert sand is added before the second or any further grinding steps, and the ratio of the components of the mixture to be ground is thus determined before the first grinding step.
Alternativ kann daran gedacht sein, im ersten Mahl-Schritt nur Schiefer zu mahlen, und den Wüstensand erst im zweiten Mahl-Schritt zuzugeben. Alternatively, you can consider only grinding slate in the first grinding step and only adding the desert sand in the second grinding step.
Die vorliegende Erfindung umfasst neben dem vorstehend beschriebenen Verfahren ferner ein Additiv für ein Bindemittel oder einen Baustoff, wobei das Additiv Schiefer und Wüstensand umfasst, welche gemeinsam gemahlen wurden.
Alle hinsichtlich des vorstehend beschriebenen Verfahrens erläuterten Details und Einzelheiten gelten auch für die Ausführungsbeispiele des Additivs und umgekehrt. In addition to the method described above, the present invention further comprises an additive for a binder or a building material, the additive comprising slate and desert sand which have been ground together. All details and details explained with regard to the method described above also apply to the exemplary embodiments of the additive and vice versa.
Die vorliegende Erfindung umfasst weiterhin einen Baustoff oder ein Bindemittel umfassend eine Ausführungsform des vorstehend beschriebenen Additivs. Der Baustoff kann ausgewählt sein aus einer Gruppe umfassend aus der Gruppe Beton, Mörtel und Putz. Das Bindemittel kann ausgewählt sein aus der Gruppe Zement, Kalk und Puzzolane. The present invention further comprises a building material or a binder comprising an embodiment of the additive described above. The building material can be selected from a group consisting of concrete, mortar and plaster. The binder can be selected from the group of cement, lime and pozzolans.
Die vorliegende Erfindung umfasst weiterhin eine Verwendung eines Gemisches aus gemeinsam gemahlenem Schiefer und Wüstensand als Additiv für ein Bindemittel oder einen Baustoff. The present invention further includes a use of a mixture of co-ground slate and desert sand as an additive for a binder or a building material.
Die vorliegende Erfindung umfasst ausserdem ein Additiv für ein Bindemittel oder einen Baustoff, erhalten durch ein Verfahren wie vorstehend beschrieben.
The present invention further includes an additive for a binder or a building material obtained by a method as described above.
Claims
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Additivs für ein Bindemittel oder einen Baustoff, das Verfahren umfassend folgende Schritte: 1. Process for producing an additive for a binder or a building material, the process comprising the following steps:
- Mahlen eines Gemisches enthaltend Schiefer und Wüstensand. - Grinding a mixture containing slate and desert sand.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Anteil an Schiefer und Wüstensand am Gemisch jeweils zumindest 20% beträgt. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the proportion of slate and desert sand in the mixture is at least 20%.
3. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wüstensand auf eine Korngrösse von 0,5 mm oder kleiner gemahlen wird. 3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the desert sand is ground to a grain size of 0.5 mm or smaller.
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest zwei Mahl-Schritte durchgeführt werden, wobei ein Mahlgrad eines zweiten Mahl-Schritts feiner ist als derjenige eines ersten Mahl-Schritts. 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two grinding steps are carried out, with a degree of grinding of a second grinding step being finer than that of a first grinding step.
5. Additiv für ein Bindemittel oder einen Baustoff, wobei das Additiv Schiefer und Wüstensand umfasst, welche gemeinsam gemahlen wurden. 5. Additive for a binder or a building material, the additive comprising slate and desert sand which have been ground together.
6. Baustoff oder Bindemittel umfassend ein Additiv nach Anspruch 5. 6. Building material or binder comprising an additive according to claim 5.
7. Verwendung eines Gemisches aus gemeinsam gemahlenem Schiefer und Wüstensand als Additiv für ein Bindemittel oder einen Baustoff. 7. Use of a mixture of co-ground slate and desert sand as an additive for a binder or building material.
8. Additiv für ein Bindemittel oder einen Baustoff, erhalten durch ein Verfahren gemäss zumindest einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5.
8. Additive for a binder or a building material, obtained by a method according to at least one of claims 1 to 5.
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DE102022114264.7A DE102022114264A1 (en) | 2022-06-07 | 2022-06-07 | Process for producing an additive for a binder or a building material, additive for a binder or a building material and use of a mixture of slate and desert sand as an additive for a binder or a building material |
DE102022114264.7 | 2022-06-07 |
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Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1078723A (en) * | 1964-06-25 | 1967-08-09 | British Ceramic Res Ass | Improvements relating to grouting preparations based on epoxy resins |
RU2049079C1 (en) * | 1992-12-30 | 1995-11-27 | Научно-исследовательский, проектно-конструкторский и технологический институт бетона и железобетона | Expanding addition to portland cement |
WO2017178362A1 (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2017-10-19 | Khd Humboldt Wedag Gmbh | Use of treated desert sand as an aggregate for concrete |
-
2022
- 2022-06-07 DE DE102022114264.7A patent/DE102022114264A1/en active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-06-07 WO PCT/EP2023/065161 patent/WO2023237573A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1078723A (en) * | 1964-06-25 | 1967-08-09 | British Ceramic Res Ass | Improvements relating to grouting preparations based on epoxy resins |
RU2049079C1 (en) * | 1992-12-30 | 1995-11-27 | Научно-исследовательский, проектно-конструкторский и технологический институт бетона и железобетона | Expanding addition to portland cement |
WO2017178362A1 (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2017-10-19 | Khd Humboldt Wedag Gmbh | Use of treated desert sand as an aggregate for concrete |
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