WO2023236679A1 - 光收发模块 - Google Patents

光收发模块 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023236679A1
WO2023236679A1 PCT/CN2023/091037 CN2023091037W WO2023236679A1 WO 2023236679 A1 WO2023236679 A1 WO 2023236679A1 CN 2023091037 W CN2023091037 W CN 2023091037W WO 2023236679 A1 WO2023236679 A1 WO 2023236679A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
component
optical
polarization
optical signal
port
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Application number
PCT/CN2023/091037
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈龙
孙雨舟
Original Assignee
苏州旭创科技有限公司
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Application filed by 苏州旭创科技有限公司 filed Critical 苏州旭创科技有限公司
Publication of WO2023236679A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023236679A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/27—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/40—Transceivers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the technical field of optical communication, and in particular to an optical transceiver module.
  • an optical transceiver module includes an optical transmitting component with multiple transmitting channels, an optical receiving component with multiple receiving channels, and multiple optical interfaces.
  • the multiple optical interfaces are respectively connected to multiple external optical fibers.
  • the optical transmitting component The multiple transmitting channels are coupled to the external optical fiber through a part of the optical interface, and the multiple receiving channels of the light receiving component are coupled to the external optical fiber through another part of the optical interface.
  • optical transceiver modules need to be coupled to multiple optical fibers through multiple optical interfaces, resulting in low utilization of optical fibers, and a large number of optical fibers used, resulting in a waste of optical fibers.
  • the utility model provides an optical transceiver module, which includes a casing, a circuit board arranged in the casing, a bidirectional optical interface, a circulator component, an optical transmitting component, a wavelength division multiplexing component, an optical receiving component and a wavelength decomposition multiplexing component. , the light emitting component and the light receiving component are electrically connected to the circuit board; wherein:
  • the bidirectional optical interface is used to output composite optical signals and receive externally input composite optical signals
  • the circulator assembly includes a common optical port, an outgoing optical port and at least one incident optical port.
  • the common optical port is optically coupled to the bidirectional optical interface, and the outgoing optical port is optically coupled to the wavelength decomposition and multiplexing component. Coupling, each of the incident optical ports is optically coupled to the wavelength division multiplexing component;
  • the light emitting component is used to emit at least eight transmit end optical signals
  • the wave decomposition and multiplexing component is used to split the composite optical signal output from the outgoing optical port into at least eight receiving end optical signals;
  • the optical receiving component is used to receive at least eight receiving end optical signals from the wave decomposition and multiplexing component.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical transceiver module according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic assembly diagram of the TX end (transmitting end) of an embodiment
  • Figure 3 is a schematic assembly diagram of the RX end (receiving end) of an embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the TX end (transmitting end) of an embodiment
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a circulator assembly according to an embodiment
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of light transmission of a circulator assembly with two incident light ports according to an embodiment
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of light transmission of a circulator assembly with two incident light ports according to another embodiment
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of light transmission of a circulator assembly with an incident light port according to an embodiment
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of light transmission of the first periscope according to an embodiment
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of light transmission of the second periscope according to an embodiment
  • Figure 11 is a structural diagram of a combination of a circulator component, a wavelength demultiplexing component and an optical receiving component in an optical transceiver module according to an embodiment
  • Figure 12 is a structural diagram of a combination of a circulator component, a wavelength demultiplexing component and an optical receiving component in an optical transceiver module according to another embodiment.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features.
  • “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically limited.
  • connection In this utility model, unless otherwise expressly stipulated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection”, “fixing” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connection, or integration; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two elements or an interaction between two elements, unless otherwise Clear limits.
  • connection or integration
  • connection can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection
  • it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium
  • it can be an internal connection between two elements or an interaction between two elements, unless otherwise Clear limits.
  • specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
  • the first feature "on” or “below” the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in direct contact through an intermediate medium. indirect contact.
  • the terms “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature is above the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • "Below”, “below” and “beneath” the first feature to the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a smaller horizontal height than the second feature.
  • the present invention provides an optical transceiver module 100, which includes a housing (not shown), a bidirectional optical interface 10, a circulator component 20, and a light emitting component located in the housing. 30.
  • the light emitting component 30 and the light receiving component 50 are electrically connected to the circuit board 70.
  • the optical transmitting component 30 and the wavelength division multiplexing component 40 together constitute the TX (Transmit) end of the optical transceiver module 100
  • the optical receiving component 50 and the wavelength division multiplexing component 60 together constitute the RX of the optical transceiver module 100 (Receive) end.
  • the bidirectional optical interface 10 is used to externally transmit the composite optical signal emitted by the TX end, and receive the composite optical signal input from the outside.
  • the bidirectional optical interface 10 can be optically coupled with an external optical fiber, can output the composite optical signal from the circulator assembly 20 through the optical fiber, and can also input the composite optical signal from the external optical fiber to the circulator assembly 20 .
  • the circulator assembly 20 includes a common light port, an exit light port and at least one incident light port.
  • the public optical port is optically coupled with the bidirectional optical interface 10
  • the output optical port is optically coupled with the wavelength division multiplexing component 60
  • each input optical port is optically coupled with the wavelength division multiplexing component 40.
  • the circulator assembly 20 can receive the composite optical signal from the wavelength division multiplexing assembly 40 through the incident optical port, and output it to the bidirectional optical interface 10 through the public optical port; the circulator assembly 20 can also receive the composite optical signal from the bidirectional optical interface through the public optical port.
  • the composite optical signal of the optical interface 10 is output to the wavelength decomposition and multiplexing component 60 through the exit optical port.
  • the optical transmitting component 30 is used to transmit at least eight transmitting end optical signals; the wavelength division multiplexing component 40 is used to combine the at least eight transmitting end optical signals from the optical transmitting assembly 30. After processing, it is transmitted to the incident light port.
  • the light emitting component 30 includes at least eight light emitting elements.
  • each light emitting element includes but is not limited to a laser that emits P-polarized light or S-polarized light. Both P-polarized light and S-polarized light are linearly polarized light.
  • the plurality of light emitting elements are respectively used to emit a transmitting end optical signal to the wavelength division multiplexing component 40 .
  • the wavelength division multiplexing component 40 combines the multiple transmitter optical signals to obtain a first composite optical signal, and inputs the first composite optical signal into the circulator component 20 through the incident optical port.
  • the wavelength decomposition and multiplexing component 60 is used to split the composite optical signal output from the outgoing optical port into at least eight receiving end optical signals; the optical receiving component 50 is used to receive from the wavelength decomposition and multiplexing There are at least eight receiving end optical signals of the component 60 .
  • the specific structural forms of the wavelength demultiplexing component 60 and the light receiving component 50 are not limited, and they can be adaptively adjusted according to actual design requirements.
  • the wave demultiplexing component 60 includes a one-half coarse wave demultiplexer 601 and two one-fourth fine wave demultiplexers 602.
  • the two fine wave demultiplexers 602 are respectively coupled to the coarse wave decomposition multiplexer 601.
  • the coarse-wavelength demultiplexer 601 is used to split the composite optical signal output from the exit optical port into two-channel composite optical signals, and then input them into two fine-wavelength demultiplexers 602 respectively.
  • each fine-wavelength demultiplexer 602 splits its corresponding composite optical signal into four single-channel receiving end optical signals. Through two fine-wavelength demultiplexers 602, eight single-channel receiving end optical signals are output to the optical receiving component 50.
  • the light receiving component 50 includes at least two light receiving arrays 51.
  • Each light receiving array 51 includes at least four light receiving elements 511, a receiving end coupling lens 512 and a light reflecting prism 513.
  • the light receiving elements 511 include but are not limited to laser receivers.
  • each receiving end optical signal is incident on the light reflecting prism 513 through the receiving end coupling lens 512, and the plurality of light receiving elements 511 are respectively used to receive signals from the wavelength decomposition and multiplexing component 60 through the corresponding light reflecting prism 513. of multi-channel receiving end optical signals.
  • the optical transmitting assembly 30 and the optical receiving assembly 50 can achieve optical coupling through the same common optical port and the bidirectional optical interface 10, so as to facilitate external transmission.
  • the same optical fiber realizes bidirectional transmission, which is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of optical fibers used for network transmission, reducing the number of optical fibers used, and saving the cost of optical fibers.
  • the optical signal at the receiving end can use the same wavelength channel as the optical signal at the transmitting end. Compared with the common single-fiber bidirectional optical module, which must use different wavelength channels for transmitting and receiving wavelengths, the use of wavelength channels is saved.
  • the structural form of the circulator component 20 and the structural form of the wavelength division multiplexing component 40 are arranged in conjunction with each other. The following will be explained in combination with the specific structures of the circulator component 20 and the wavelength division multiplexing component 40 , but this application is not limited to the examples listed below. specific:
  • the wavelength division multiplexing component 40 includes at least two four-in-one first multiplexers 41, each first multiplexer 41 is used to Four of at least eight transmit end optical signals emitted by the light emitting component 30 are combined into one first composite optical signal and output.
  • its wavelength division multiplexing component 40 includes two four-in-one first multiplexers 41
  • the light emitting component 30 includes eight light emitting elements 31 .
  • One first multiplexer 41 and four light emitting elements 31 are optically coupled through a set of transmitting end coupling lenses 32, and the other first multiplexer 41 and the other four light emitting elements 31 are coupled through another set of transmitting ends.
  • Lens 32 enables optical coupling.
  • each first multiplexer 41 receives the four transmitting end optical signals emitted by its corresponding four light emitting elements 31, it combines the four transmitting end optical signals into one first composite optical signal.
  • the two first multiplexers 41 output two first composite optical signals to the circulator assembly 20 .
  • the number of incident optical ports of the circulator assembly 20 matches the number of the first multiplexers 41.
  • the circulator assembly 20 includes at least two incident optical ports 2301, and each incident optical port 2301 is respectively Each first multiplexer 41 is arranged one by one oppositely.
  • Each incident optical port 2301 is used to receive the first composite optical signal output from the first multiplexer 41 opposite it.
  • the circulator assembly 20 can receive two first composite optical signals from two first multiplexers 41 through two incident optical ports 2301, and then combine the two first composite optical signals into After the optical signals are combined, they are output to the bidirectional optical interface 10 through the public optical port 2101.
  • the optical transceiver module 100 further includes an optical isolator 71 and a half-wave plate 72 located between the first multiplexer 41 and the circulator assembly 20 , wherein the optical isolator 71 is used for unidirectional wavelength division.
  • the optical signal output by multiplexing component 40 For example, the first composite optical signal of each first multiplexer 41 is rotated by 45° through the optical isolator 71 and then rotated by 45° through the half-wave plate 72 .
  • the first composite optical signal can be rotated in the same direction in the optical isolator 71 and the half-wave plate 72, so that the rotation angle of the first composite optical signal is 90° after passing through the optical isolator 71 and the half-wave plate 72, and its polarization state changes;
  • the first composite optical signal may also be rotated in opposite directions in the optical isolator 71 and the half-wave plate 72, so that the rotation angle of the first composite optical signal is 0° after passing through the optical isolator 71 and the half-wave plate 72, and its polarization state is not changes happened.
  • the changes in the polarization state of the first composite optical signal of each first multiplexer 41 after passing through the optical isolator 71 and the half-wave plate 72 can be specifically set according to actual design requirements.
  • the polarization directions of the two first composite optical signals are perpendicular to each other, and the P light is and S light are incident into the optical circulator.
  • the combination of the optical isolator 71 and the half-wave plate 72 adjusts the polarization direction of the first composite optical signal, and on the other hand, only allows the forward optical signal to pass through, preventing the part reflected from the interface of other optical elements behind the optical isolator 71 from returning. The light passes through to prevent the return light from entering the laser chip and affecting the stability of the laser it emits.
  • the optical signal emitted by the TX end is linearly polarized light with the same polarization state.
  • the composite optical signal after wavelength division multiplexing is still linearly polarized light.
  • the two beams After adjustment by the optical isolator 71 and the half-wave plate 72, the two beams
  • the polarization directions of the composite optical signals are perpendicular to each other.
  • the composite optical signal input from the outside received by the public optical port is in a random polarization state, that is, the polarization state of the composite optical signal received by the RX end is random.
  • the bidirectional optical interface 10 can achieve optical coupling with the circulator assembly 20 along the first direction (ie, the X-axis direction), that is, the two can achieve optical coupling along the first direction. Transmission of composite optical signals.
  • the circulator component 20 includes a first polarization beam splitter component 21, a polarization adjustment component 22, and a second polarization beam splitter component 23 that are sequentially arranged along the first direction. in:
  • the first polarization splitter component 21 includes a first polarization splitter surface 211 and a first reflection surface 212 arranged along the second direction (ie, the Y-axis direction) and parallel to each other.
  • the common optical port 2101 is provided on the first polarization splitter component 21 .
  • the second direction and the first direction have an included angle, and the included angle between the second direction and the first direction can be specifically set according to actual design requirements.
  • the second direction and the first direction have an included angle.
  • the angle between one direction is 90°, that is, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, the first polarization splitting surface 211 and the first reflective surface 212 are parallel to each other, and both are 45° to the first direction and the second direction.
  • each optical signal is input or output from the circulator component along the first direction or the second direction.
  • the first polarization splitting surface 211 and the first reflective surface 212 can also be arranged at other angles with respect to the first direction and the second direction.
  • the second polarization splitting component 22 includes a second polarization splitting surface 231, a third polarization splitting surface 232, a second reflection surface 233 and a third reflection surface 234 arranged along the second direction and arranged parallel to each other.
  • Two incident light ports 2301 and The exit light ports 2302 are all located on the same side of the second polarization splitter component 22 and are respectively used to receive the first composite optical signals output by the two first multiplexers 41 .
  • the second polarizing light splitting surface 231, the third polarizing light splitting surface 232, the second reflecting surface 233 and the third reflecting surface 234 are all inclined at an angle of 45° to the first direction and the second direction.
  • the optical signal is input or output from the circulator assembly in the first direction or the second direction.
  • the polarization adjustment component 22 is located between the first polarization splitter component 21 and the second polarization splitter component 23 and is used to unidirectionally adjust the polarization direction of linearly polarized light incident from the first polarization splitter component 21 to the second polarization splitter component 23 .
  • the polarization adjustment component 22 includes a half-wave plate 221 and a Faraday rotator 222.
  • the Faraday rotator 222 and the half-wave plate 221 can respectively deflect the polarization direction of linearly polarized light at a certain angle.
  • the half-wave plate 221 is used to rotate the linearly polarized light 45° to the right.
  • the Faraday rotator 222 rotates the linearly polarized light transmitted in two opposite directions by 45° to the left or right.
  • the Faraday rotator 222 is used to rotate the linearly polarized light transmitted from left to right in the first direction to the right. Rotate 45°, and at the same time, it is used to rotate the linearly polarized light transmitted in the opposite direction (that is, from right to left along the first direction) 45° to the left.
  • the linearly polarized light incident from the second polarization splitter component 23 to the first polarization splitter component 21 has a polarization state after passing through the Faraday rotator 222 and the half-wave plate 221 in sequence. No changes occur. That is, linearly polarized light is transmitted from right to left along the first direction and first rotates 45° to the left through the Faraday rotator 222, and then rotates 45° to the right through the half-wave plate 221.
  • the deflection angle of the linearly polarized light after two deflections is is 0°, so that its polarization direction does not change.
  • the linearly polarized light incident from the first polarization beam splitter 21 to the second polarization beam splitter 23 passes through the half-wave plate 221 and the Faraday rotator 222 in sequence, and the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light changes by 90°. That is, linearly polarized light is transmitted from left to right along the first direction, first rotates 45° to the right through the half-wave plate 221, and then rotates 45° to the right through the Faraday rotator 222.
  • the deflection angle of the linearly polarized light after two deflections is: 90°, causing its polarization direction to change.
  • the specific positions of the Faraday rotator 222 and the half-wave plate 221 are not limited.
  • the Faraday rotator 222 can be disposed on the first polarization beam splitter component 21 and the second polarization beam splitter. between the light splitting components 22 , and the half-wave plate 221 is disposed between the Faraday rotator 222 and the first polarizing light splitting component 21 .
  • optical signal transmission principle of the circulator assembly 20 is as follows:
  • the first composite optical signal incident from the two incident light ports 2301 is combined into a second composite optical signal after passing through the second polarization splitting component 23, the polarization adjustment component 22 and the first polarization splitting component 21 in sequence.
  • the TX end outputs two beams of first composite optical signals to two incident optical ports 2301 respectively.
  • the first composite optical signal incident on one of the incident light ports 2301 is sequentially reflected by the third reflective surface 234, transmitted by the second polarization splitting surface 231 and the third polarization splitting surface 232, and reflected by the second reflection surface 233.
  • the polarization adjustment component 22 is transmitted to the first polarization splitting surface 211 .
  • the first composite optical signal incident on the other incident light port 2301 is sequentially reflected by the second polarization splitting surface 231 and the third polarization splitting surface 232, and is transmitted to the first reflection surface 212 through the polarization adjustment component 22, and then is reflected by the first reflection surface 212.
  • the surface 212 reflects to the first polarization splitting surface 211.
  • the first polarization splitting surface 211 reflects the first composite optical signal from the first reflective surface 212 and transmits the first composite optical signal from the second reflective surface 233 to combine the two first composite optical signals into a second Composite light signal.
  • the second composite optical signal is coupled to the bidirectional optical interface 10 through the common optical port 2101.
  • the two incident light ports 2301 and the exit light port 2302 are located on the side of the second polarization splitting component 23 adjacent to the wavelength division multiplexing component, and are arranged side by side along the second direction.
  • the two incident light ports 2301 are respectively located on the side mentioned above.
  • the side surface is opposite to the third reflective surface 234 and the second polarization splitting surface 231
  • the exit light port 2302 is located at a position where the side surface is opposite to the third polarization splitting surface 232 .
  • the third reflective surface 234, the second polarization splitting surface 231, the third polarization splitting surface 232 and the second reflection surface 233 are parallel to each other and are inclined at 45° to the second direction and the first direction.
  • the composite optical signal of random polarization state incident from the bidirectional optical interface 10 is divided into two lines of polarized light by the first polarization splitting component 21. After the polarization direction of the two lines of polarized light is adjusted by the polarization adjustment component 22, it is then split by the second polarization. The components 23 are combined into a third composite optical signal.
  • the composite optical signal incident from the bidirectional optical interface 10 is incident into the circulator assembly 20 through the common optical port 2101 .
  • the composite optical signal incident from the common optical port 2101 is split into two composite optical signals on the first polarization splitting plane 211 .
  • one of the composite optical signals is sequentially reflected by the first polarization splitting surface 211 and the first reflection surface 212 , and then the polarization direction is adjusted by the polarization adjustment component 22 before being transmitted to the third polarization splitting surface 232 .
  • the polarization direction is adjusted by the polarization adjustment component 22 and transmitted to the second reflective surface 233, and then reflected to the third polarization splitting surface 232 through the second reflective surface 233.
  • the third polarization splitting surface 232 reflects the composite optical signal from the second reflective surface 233 and transmits the composite optical signal from the first reflective surface 212 to combine the two composite optical signals into a third composite optical signal.
  • the third composite optical signal is transmitted to the RX end through the emitting optical port 2302, and is received by the optical receiving component 50.
  • arranging the two incident light ports 2301 on the same side of the circulator assembly 20 is beneficial to reducing the width size of the optical transceiver module 100, thereby better realizing the miniaturization design of the optical transceiver module 100.
  • the two incident light ports may also be located on different sides of the second polarization splitting component.
  • the two incident light ports may be respectively disposed on adjacent two sides of the second polarization splitting component and opposite to the second polarization splitting surface in the first direction and the second direction respectively.
  • the first composite optical signal incident along the second direction can be transmitted from the second polarization splitting surface and the third polarization splitting surface in turn and then undergo the second reflection. The surface is reflected to the first polarization splitting surface.
  • Another incident light port is opposite to the second polarization splitting surface in the first direction.
  • the first composite optical signal incident along the first direction is sequentially reflected to the third polarization splitting surface, the third polarization splitting surface and the first reflection surface.
  • a polarizing light splitting surface reflects the first composite optical signal from the first reflective surface and transmits the first composite optical signal from the second reflective surface, so as to combine the two first composite optical signals into a second composite optical signal.
  • there is no need to provide a third reflective surface which is beneficial to simplifying the structure of the circulator assembly.
  • the bidirectional optical interface 10 can achieve optical coupling with the circulator assembly 20 along the first direction (ie, the X-axis direction), that is, the two can achieve composite optical signals along the first direction. transmission.
  • the circulator assembly 20 includes a first polarization beam splitter assembly 21a, a polarization adjustment assembly 22a, a second polarization beam splitter assembly 23a, and a third polarization beam splitter assembly 24a sequentially arranged along the first direction.
  • the polarization adjustment component 22a is located between the first polarization splitter component 21a and the second polarization splitter component 22a, and is used to unidirectionally adjust the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light incident from the first polarization splitter component 21a to the second polarization splitter component 22a. It is worth mentioning that the polarization adjustment principle of the linearly polarized light by the polarization adjustment component 22a in this embodiment is the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.
  • optical signal transmission principle of the circulator assembly 20 is as follows:
  • the two first composite optical signals incident from the two incident light ports are synthesized into a fourth composite optical signal through the third polarization splitting component.
  • the fourth composite optical signal is split by the second polarization splitter component 23a and then reflected to the polarization adjustment component 22a. It is transmitted to the first polarization splitter component 21a through the polarization adjustment component 22a, and is synthesized into a fifth composite optical signal via the first polarization splitter component 21a.
  • the fourth composite optical signal is reflected by the second reflective surface 233a to the second polarization splitting surface 232a and split into two bundles of composite optical signals.
  • the second polarization splitting surface 232a reflects one of the composite optical signals to the polarization adjustment component 22a for transmission, and then reflects the composite optical signal to the first polarization splitting surface 211a through the first reflective surface 212a.
  • the composite optical signal is sequentially reflected by the third reflective surface 233a and transmitted by the polarization adjustment component 22a, and then is incident on the first polarization splitter.
  • Face 211a The first polarization splitting surface 211a reflects the composite optical signal from the first reflective surface 212a and transmits the composite optical signal from the third reflective surface 233a, so as to combine the two composite optical signals into a fifth composite optical signal.
  • the sixth composite optical signal is transmitted to the RX end through the emitting optical port, and is received by the optical receiving component 50 .
  • the second periscope 82 is disposed opposite to the light exit port and the light receiving component 50 respectively, and is used to output the composite optical signal from the exit light port to the light receiving component 50 .
  • the second periscope 82 includes two oppositely arranged second light incident surfaces 821 and second light exit surfaces 822, and both the second light incident surfaces 821 and the second light exit surface 822 are reflective surfaces.
  • the composite optical signal from the exit light port is sequentially reflected to the wavelength decomposition and multiplexing component 60 through the second light incident surface 821 and the second light exit surface 822 .
  • the TX end and RX end of the optical transceiver module 100 are integrated on different sides, which is beneficial to reducing the size of the optical transceiver module 100 .
  • locating the TX end and the RX end on different sides of the base plate 83 can effectively reduce the crosstalk between the TX end and the RX end, and the crosstalk between the TX end and the RX end. Crosstalk between adjacent channels.
  • the circulator component 20 , the light emitting component 30 , the wavelength division multiplexing component 40 , the light receiving component 50 and the wavelength division multiplexing component 60 , the first periscope 81 and the second The periscopes 82 are all disposed on the first surface 831 of the base plate 83 , or are all disposed on the second surface 832 of the base plate 83 .
  • the TX end and RX end of the optical transceiver module 100 are integrated on the same side, which is beneficial to simplifying the assembly process of the optical transceiver module 100, making it easier to assemble and process, thereby reducing processing costs.
  • the first periscope 81 and/or the second periscope 82 may not be provided.
  • the wave demultiplexing component 60 includes a first demultiplexer 61 and a second demultiplexer 62. in:
  • the composite optical signal output from the exit optical port passes through the four first filters 611 in sequence, it forms four single-channel receiving end optical signals that are emitted to the light receiving component 50, and also forms an eighth composite optical signal including the other four channels. .
  • the eighth composite optical signal is coupled to the second demultiplexer 62 through the second filter 612 .
  • the third demultiplexer 61a includes eight fourth filter plates 611a, and the eight fourth filter plates 611a are respectively optically coupled with the light receiving component 50. After the composite optical signal output from the exit optical port passes through the eight fourth filters 611a in sequence, eight single-channel receiving end optical signals are formed that are emitted to the light receiving component 50 .

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Abstract

一种光收发模块(100)，包括壳体、设于壳体内的电路板(70)、双向光接口(10)、环形器组件(20)、光发射组件(30)、波分复用组件(40)、光接收组件(50)以及波分解复用组件(60)，光发射组件(30)和光接收组件(50)电连接于电路板(70)，其中：双向光接口(10)用于复合光信号的传输；环形器组件(20)包括与双向光接口(10)耦合的公共光口、与波分解复用组件(60)耦合的出射光口和与波分复用组件(40)耦合的入射光口；光发射组件(30)，用于发射至少八路发射端光信号；波分复用组件(40)，用于将至少八路发射端光信号合光后传输至入射光口；波分解复用组件(60)，用于将出射光口输出的复合光信号分光为至少八路接收端光信号；光接收组件(50)，用于接收至少八路接收端光信号。

Description

光收发模块
本申请要求于2022年6月10日提交中国专利局、申请号为202221440969.7、发明名称为“光收发模块”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本实用新型涉及光通信技术领域，特别是涉及一种光收发模块。
 背景技术
随着通信技术的发展，光通信技术被广泛地应用于各种通信应用场景。其中，光收发模块在光通信技术的应用中是不可或缺的重要器件，对于其结构的优化设计成为了光通信技术领域中的重要课题。
相关技术中，光收发模块包括具有多个发射通道的光发射组件、具有多个接收通道的光接收组件以及多个光接口，多个光接口分别与外部的多根光纤对接，光发射组件的多个发射通道通过一部分的光接口与外部的光纤耦合，光接收组件的多个接收通道通过另一部分的光接口与外部的光纤耦合。
然而，现有的光收发模块在实际应用时，需要通过多个光接口与多根光纤进行耦合，导致光纤的利用率低，且光纤的使用数量多，造成光纤的浪费的问题。
 技术问题
基于此，有必要针对上述光纤的利用率低，且光纤的使用数量多，造成光纤的浪费的问题，提供一种光收发模块。
 技术解决方案
本实用新型提供一种光收发模块，其包括壳体、设于壳体内的电路板、双向光接口、环形器组件、光发射组件、波分复用组件、光接收组件以及波分解复用组件，所述光发射组件和光接收组件电连接于所述电路板；其中：
所述双向光接口用于向外输出复合光信号和接收外部输入的复合光信号；
所述环形器组件包括一个公共光口、一个出射光口和至少一个入射光口，所述公共光口与所述双向光接口光耦合，所述出射光口与所述波分解复用组件光耦合，各所述入射光口与所述波分复用组件光耦合；
所述光发射组件，用于发射至少八路发射端光信号；
所述波分复用组件，用于将来自所述光发射组件的至少八路发射端光信号进行合光处理后传输至所述入射光口；
所述波分解复用组件，用于将所述出射光口输出的复合光信号分光为至少八路接收端光信号；
所述光接收组件，用于接收来自所述波分解复用组件的至少八路接收端光信号。
 有益效果
上述光收发模块中，通过双向光接口和环形器组件的配合设置，使得八路光发射组件和八路光接收组件能够通过同一个公共光口与双向光接口实现光耦合，以便于通过外部同一光纤实现双向传输，从而有利于提高用于网络传输的光纤的利用率，减少了光纤的使用数量，节约了光纤成本。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或传统技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或传统技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为一实施例的光收发模块的结构示意图；
图2为一实施例的TX端（发射端）组装示意图；
图3为一实施例的RX端（接收端）组装示意图；
图4为一实施例的TX端（发射端）的结构示意图；
图5为一实施例的环形器组件的结构示意图；
图6为一实施例具有两个入射光口的环形器组件的光传输示意图；
图7为另一实施例具有两个入射光口的环形器组件的光传输示意图；
图8为一实施例具有一个入射光口的环形器组件的光传输示意图；
图9为一实施例的第一潜望镜的光传输示意图；
图10为一实施例的第二潜望镜的光传输示意图；
图11为一实施例的光收发模块中的环形器组件、波分解复用组件及光接收组件组合的结构图；
图12为另一实施例的光收发模块中的环形器组件、波分解复用组件及光接收组件组合的结构图。
 本发明的实施方式
为使本实用新型的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图对本实用新型的具体实施例做详细的说明。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本实用新型。但是本实用新型能够以很多不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施，本领域技术人员可以在不违背本实用新型内涵的情况下做类似改进，因此本实用新型不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
在本实用新型的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本实用新型和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本实用新型的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本实用新型的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本实用新型中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本实用新型中的具体含义。
在本实用新型中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”或“设置于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的，并不表示是唯一的实施例。
请同时参阅图1-3所示，本实用新型提供一种光收发模块100，其包括壳体（图示省略），以及设于壳体内的双向光接口10、环形器组件20、光发射组件30、波分复用组件40、光接收组件50、波分解复用组件60和电路板70，光发射组件30和光接收组件50电连接于电路板70。具体的，光发射组件30和波分复用组件40共同构成光收发模块100的TX（Transmit，即发射）端，而光接收组件50和波分解复用组件60共同构成光收发模块100的RX（Receive，即接收）端。其中：双向光接口10，用于向外传输TX端发射的复合光信号，并接收由外部输入的复合光信号。具体地，双向光接口10可与外部的光纤光耦合，可将来自环形器组件20的复合光信号通过光纤向外输出，还可将来自外部光纤的复合光信号输入至环形器组件20。
环形器组件20，其包括一个公共光口、一个出射光口和至少一个入射光口。其中，公共光口与双向光接口10光耦合，出射光口与波分解复用组件60光耦合，各入射光口与波分复用组件40光耦合。
具体地，环形器组件20可通过入射光口接收来自波分复用组件40的复合光信号，并经公共光口输出至双向光接口10；环形器组件20还可通过公共光口接收来自双向光接口10的复合光信号，并经出射光口将复合光信号输出至波分解复用组件60中。
在光收发模块100的TX端中，光发射组件30，用于发射至少八路发射端光信号；波分复用组件40，用于将来自光发射组件30的至少八路发射端光信号进行合光处理后传输至入射光口。
具体地，光发射组件30包括至少八个光发射元件，比如，各光发射元件包括但不限于发射为P偏振光或S偏振光的激光器，P偏振光和S偏振光均为线偏振光。多个光发射元件分别用于向波分复用组件40发射一路发射端光信号。波分复用组件40将多路发射端光信号进行合光处理，以获得第一复合光信号，并将第一复合光信号经入射光口输入至环形器组件20中。
在光收发模块100的RX端中，波分解复用组件60，用于将出射光口输出的复合光信号分光为至少八路接收端光信号；光接收组件50，用于接收来自波分解复用组件60的至少八路接收端光信号。
具体地，波分解复用组件60和光接收组件50的具体结构形式是不限的，其可以根据实际设计的需求进行适应性调整。比如，在一些实施例中，波分解复用组件60包括一个一分二的粗波分解复用器601以及两个一分四的细波分解复用器602，两个细波分解复用器602分别与粗波分解复用器601耦合。其中，粗波分解复用器601用于将来自出射光口输出的复合光信号分光为两路复合光信号后，分别输入至两个细波分解复用器602中。其中，每一细波分解复用器602分别将与其对应的一路复合光信号分光为四路单通道接收端光信号。通过两个细波分解复用器602，将八路单通道接收端光信号输出至光接收组件50。而光接收组件50包括至少两个光接收阵列51，各光接收阵列51包括至少四个光接收元件511、接收端耦合透镜512以及光反射棱镜513，光接收元件511包括但不限于激光接收器（如光电二极管），各路接收端光信号经接收端耦合透镜512入射至光反射棱镜513，多个光接收元件511分别用于通过与其对应的光反射棱镜513接收来自波分解复用组件60的多路接收端光信号。
上述光收发模块100中，通过双向光接口10与环形器组件20的配合设置，使得光发射组件30和光接收组件50能够通过同一个公共光口与双向光接口10实现光耦合，以便于通过外部同一光纤实现双向传输，从而有利于提高用于网络传输的光纤的利用率，减少了光纤的使用数量，节约了光纤的成本。而且，接收端光信号可以采用与发射端光信号一样的波长信道，与常用单纤双向光模块的发射和接收波长必须采用不同的波长信道相比，节约了波长信道的使用。
需要说明的是，上述结构中，环形器组件20的结构形式与波分复用组件40的结构形式相互配合设置，下面将结合环形器组件20和波分复用组件40的具体结构进行展开说明，但本申请并不限制于下面所列举的实施例。具体的：
如图1-2、4-5所示，在一些实施例中，波分复用组件40包括至少两个四合一的第一复用器41，每一第一复用器41用于将光发射组件30发射的至少八路发射端光信号中的四路合为一路第一复合光信号输出。
具体地，以八通道光信号的光模块为例，其波分复用组件40包括两个四合一的第一复用器41，光发射组件30包括八个光发射元件31。其中一第一复用器41与四个光发射元件31通过一组发射端耦合透镜32实现光耦合，另一第一复用器41与另外四个光发射元件31通过另一组发射端耦合透镜32实现光耦合。各第一复用器41接收与其对应的四个光发射元件31所发射的四路发射端光信号后，将四路发射端光信号合光为一路第一复合光信号。两个第一复用器41向环形器组件20输出两路第一复合光信号。
环形器组件20的入射光口的数量与第一复用器41的数量是匹配的，比如，在一些实施例中，环形器组件20包括至少两个入射光口2301，各个入射光口2301分别与各个第一复用器41一一相对设置。
每一入射光口2301，用于接收来自与其相对的第一复用器41输出的第一复合光信号。具体地，在一些实施例中，比如，环形器组件20可经两个入射光口2301接收来自两个第一复用器41的两个第一复合光信号后，并将两个第一复合光信号合光之后经公共光口2101向双向光接口10输出。
在一些实施例中，光收发模块100还包括位于第一复用器41与环形器组件20之间的光隔离器71和半波片72，其中，光隔离器71用于单向通过波分复用组件40输出的光信号。比如，各第一复用器41的第一复合光信号经光隔离器71旋转45°，再经半波片72旋转45°。第一复合光信号在光隔离器71和半波片72中可以是同向旋转，使得第一复合光信号经过光隔离器71和半波片72后旋转角度为90°，其偏振态改变；第一复合光信号在光隔离器71和半波片72中也可以是异向旋转，使得第一复合光信号经过光隔离器71和半波片72后旋转角度为0°，其偏振态未发生改变。各第一复用器41的第一复合光信号在经过光隔离器71和半波片72的偏振态的变化情况，可以根据实际设计的需求来进行具体的设置。这里，两个第一复用器41输出的第一复合光信号分别经各自对应的光隔离器71和半波片72之后，两路第一复合光信号的偏振方向相互垂直，分别以P光和S光入射到光环形器内。光隔离器71与半波片72的组合，一方面调整第一复合光信号的偏振方向，另一方面只允许正向光信号通过，阻止光隔离器71之后的其它光学元件界面反射的部分返回光通过，避免返回光进入激光器芯片内而影响其发射激光的稳定性。
光模块中，TX端发射的光信号为偏振态一致的线偏振光，经波分复用后的复合光信号依然为线偏振光，经过光隔离器71和半波片72调整之后，两束复合光信号的偏振方向相互垂直，分别从两个入射光口入射到偏振分光面后，分别被偏振分光面透射和反射。而公共光口接收的由外部输入的复合光信号为随机偏振态，即RX端接收的复合光信号偏振态是随机的。
如图1-2、4-6所示，在一些实施例中，双向光接口10可沿第一方向（即X轴方向）与环形器组件20实现光耦合，即两者沿第一方向实现复合光信号的传输。
环形器组件20包括沿第一方向依次设置的第一偏振分光组件21、偏振调整组件22以及第二偏振分光组件23。其中：
第一偏振分光组件21包括沿第二方向（即Y轴方向）排列且相互平行设置的第一偏振分光面211和第一反射面212，公共光口2101设于第一偏振分光组件21上。其中，第二方向与第一方向具有一夹角，第二方向和第一方向之间的夹角可以根据实际设计的需求进行具体的设置，比如，在本实施例中，第二方向与第一方向之间的夹角为90°，即第二方向与第一方向相垂直，第一偏振分光面211和第一反射面212相互平行，且均与第一方向和第二方向呈45°夹角倾斜设置，各光信号沿第一方向或第二方向输入或输出环形器组件。当然，在一些实施例中，第一偏振分光面211和第一反射面212也可以与第一方向和第二方向呈其它角度倾斜设置。
第二偏振分光组件22包括沿第二方向排列且相互平行设置的第二偏振分光面231、第三偏振分光面232、第二反射面233和第三反射面234，两个入射光口2301和出射光口2302均设于第二偏振分光组件22的同一侧上，分别用于接收两个第一复用器41输出的第一复合光信号。同样，该实施例中，第二偏振分光面231、第三偏振分光面232、第二反射面233和第三反射面234均与第一方向和第二方向呈45°夹角倾斜设置，各光信号沿第一方向或第二方向输入或输出环形器组件。
偏振调整组件22位于第一偏振分光组件21和第二偏振分光组件23之间，用于单向调整由第一偏振分光组件21入射至第二偏振分光组件23的线偏振光的偏振方向。
具体地，偏振调整组件22包括半波片221和法拉第旋转器222，法拉第旋转器222和半波片221分别能够对线偏振光的偏振方向进行一定角度的偏转。比如，该实施例中，如图3所示，半波片221用于将线偏振光向右旋转45°。而法拉第旋转器222对分别沿两个相反方向传输的线偏振光向左或向右旋转45°，比如，法拉第旋转器222用于将沿第一方向从左往右传输的线偏振光向右旋转45°，同时用于将反向（即沿第一方向从右往左）传输的线偏振光向左旋转45°。
通过法拉第旋转器222和半波片221的配合设置，使得由第二偏振分光组件23入射至第一偏振分光组件21的线偏振光，依次经法拉第旋转器222和半波片221后的偏振态不发生改变。即，线偏振光沿第一方向从右向左传输先经过法拉第旋转器222向左旋转45°，再经过半波片221向右旋转45°后，线偏振光在两次偏转后的偏转角度为0°，使得其偏振方向不发生改变。
而由第一偏振分光组件21入射至第二偏振分光组件23的线偏振光，依次经半波片221和法拉第旋转器222后线偏振光的偏振方向改变了90°。即，线偏振光沿第一方向从左向右传输先经过半波片221向右旋转45，再经过法拉第旋转器222向右旋转45°后，线偏振光在两次偏转后的偏转角度为90°，使得其偏振方向发生改变。
值得一提的是，法拉第旋转器222和半波片221的具体位置设置是不限的，比如，在本实施例中，可将法拉第旋转器222设置于第一偏振分光组件21和第二偏振分光组件22之间，而半波片221设置于法拉第旋转器222和第一偏振分光组件21之间。另外，在上述实施例的基础上，将法拉第旋转器和半波片的位置互换也是可行的。
在本实施例中，环形器组件20的光信号传输原理如下：
（一）通过TX端发射光信号：
从两个入射光口2301入射的第一复合光信号依次经第二偏振分光组件23、偏振调整组件22和第一偏振分光组件21后合为一第二复合光信号。
具体地，TX端将两束第一复合光信号分别输出至两个入射光口2301。其中一个入射光口2301入射的第一复合光信号依次经第三反射面234的反射、第二偏振分光面231和第三偏振分光面232的透射、以及第二反射面233的反射后，经偏振调整组件22透射至第一偏振分光面211。另一个入射光口2301入射的第一复合光信号依次经第二偏振分光面231和第三偏振分光面232的反射后，经偏振调整组件22透射至第一反射面212，再经第一反射面212反射至第一偏振分光面211。第一偏振分光面211将来自第一反射面212的第一复合光信号反射，将来自第二反射面233的第一复合光信号透射，以将两束第一复合光信号合光为第二复合光信号。
然后，第二复合光信号再经公共光口2101耦合至双向光接口10。
该实施例中，两个入射光口2301和出射光口2302位于第二偏振分光组件23临近波分复用组件一侧的侧面，沿第二方向并排设置，两个入射光口2301分别位于上述侧面与第三反射面234和第二偏振分光面231相对的位置，出射光口2302位于上述侧面与第三偏振分光面232相对的位置。其中，第三反射面234、第二偏振分光面231、第三偏振分光面232和第二反射面233相互平行且均与第二方向和第一方向呈45°倾斜设置。
（二）通过RX端接收光信号：
从双向光接口10入射的随机偏振态的复合光信号经第一偏振分光组件21分为两路线偏振光之后，两路线偏振光经分别偏振调整组件22调整偏振方向后，再经第二偏振分光组件23合为一第三复合光信号。
具体地，从双向光接口10入射的复合光信号经公共光口2101入射至环形器组件20中。从公共光口2101入射的复合光信号在第一偏振分光面211分光为两束复合光信号。
在此，其中一束复合光信号依次经第一偏振分光面211和第一反射面212的反射后，再经偏振调整组件22调整偏振方向后透射至第三偏振分光面232。另外一束复合光信号经第一偏振分光面211透射后，再经偏振调整组件22调整偏振方向透射至第二反射面233，之后，经第二反射面233反射至第三偏振分光面232。第三偏振分光面232将来自第二反射面233的复合光信号反射，将来自第一反射面212的复合光信号透射，以将两束复合光信号合光为第三复合光信号。
然后，第三复合光信号经出射光口2302传输至RX端，由光接收组件50接收。
本实施例中，将两个入射光口2301设置在环形器组件20的同一侧，有利于减少光收发模块100的宽度尺寸，从而更好地实现光收发模块100的小型化设计。
当然，在其他实施例中（未图示），两个入射光口也可以位于第二偏振分光组件的不同侧。比如，两个入射光口可分别设于第二偏振分光组件相邻的两侧，分别在第一方向和第二方向上与第二偏振分光面相对设置。其中在第二方向与第二偏振分光面相对的一个入射光口，沿第二方向入射的第一复合光信号可依次从第二偏振分光面和第三偏振分光面透射后，经第二反射面反射至第一偏振分光面。另一个在第一方向与第二偏振分光面相对的入射光口，沿第一方向入射的第一复合光信号依次经第二偏振分光面、第三偏振分光面和第一反射面反射至第一偏振分光面。第一偏振分光面将来自第一反射面的第一复合光信号反射，将来自第二反射面的第一复合光信号透射，以将两束第一复合光信号合光为第二复合光信号。在本实施例中，无需设置第三反射面，有利于简化环形器组件的结构。
如图1、7所示，在一些实施例中，双向光接口10可沿第一方向（即X轴方向）与环形器组件20实现光耦合，即两者沿第一方向实现复合光信号的传输。
环形器组件20包括沿第一方向依次排布的第一偏振分光组件21a、偏振调整组件22a、第二偏振分光组件23a以及第三偏振分光组件24a。
第一偏振分光组件21a包括沿第二方向排列且相互平行设置的第一偏振分光面211a和第一反射面212a，公共光口设于第一偏振分光组件。其中，第二方向与第一方向具有一夹角，比如，在本实施例中，第二方向与第一方向之间的夹角为90°，即第二方向与第一方向相垂直，第一偏振分光面211a和第一反射面212a相互平行，且均与第一方向和第二方向呈45°夹角倾斜设置，各光信号沿第一方向或第二方向输入或输出环形器组件。当然，在一些实施例中，第一偏振分光面211a和第一反射面212a也可以与第一方向和第二方向呈其它角度倾斜设置。
第二偏振分光组件23a包括沿第二方向排列且相互平行设置的第二反射面231a、第二偏振分光面232a和第三反射面233a，出射光口设于第二偏振分光组件23a上。同样，该实施例中，第二反射面231a、第二偏振分光面232a和第三反射面233a均与第一方向和第二方向呈45°夹角倾斜设置，各光信号沿第一方向或第二方向输入或输出环形器组件。
偏振调整组件22a位于第一偏振分光组件21a和第二偏振分光组件22a之间，用于单向调整由第一偏振分光组件21a入射至第二偏振分光组件22a的线偏振光的偏振方向。值得一提的是，该实施例中的偏振调整组件22a对线偏振光的偏振调整原理与上述实施例的相同，在此不再一一展开赘述。
第三偏振分光组件24a包括沿第二方向排列且相互平行设置的第三偏振分光面241a和第四反射面242a，两个入射光口设于第三偏振分光组件24a，分别用于接收两个第一复用器41输出的第一复合光信号。第三偏振分光面241a和第四反射面242a均与第一方向和第二方向呈45°夹角倾斜设置，各光信号沿第一方向或第二方向输入或输出环形器组件。
在本实施例中，环形器组件20的光信号传输原理如下：
（一）通过TX端发射光信号：
从两个入射光口入射的两个第一复合光信号经第三偏振分光组件合成为第四复合光信号。
具体地，TX端将两束第一复合光信号分别输出至两个入射光口。其中一个入射光口入射的第一复合光信号经第四反射面242a反射至第三偏振分光面241a。第三偏振分光面241a将来自第四反射面242a的第一复合光信号反射，将另一个入射光口入射的第一复合光信号透射，以将两束第一复合光信号合光为第四复合光信号。
第四复合光信号经第二偏振分光组件23a分光后反射至偏振调整组件22a，经偏振调整组件22a传输至第一偏振分光组件21a，经第一偏振分光组件21a合成第五复合光信号。
具体地，第四复合光信号经第二反射面233a反射至第二偏振分光面232a分光为两束复合光信号。第二偏振分光面232a将其中一束复合光信号反射至偏振调整组件22a进行透射后，该复合光信号再经第一反射面212a反射至第一偏振分光面211a。第二偏振分光面232a将另一束复合光信号透射至第三反射面233a后，该复合光信号依次经第三反射面233a的反射和偏振调整组件22a的透射后，入射至第一偏振分光面211a。第一偏振分光面211a将来自第一反射面212a的复合光信号反射，将来自第三反射面233a的复合光信号透射，以将两束复合光信号合光为第五复合光信号。
然后，第五复合光信号经公共光口耦合至双向光接口10。
（二）通过RX端接收光信号：
从双向光接口10入射的随机偏振态的复合光信号经第一偏振分光组件21a分为两路线偏振光，两路线偏振光分别经偏振调整组件22a调整偏振方向后，再经第二偏振分光组件23a合为一第六复合光信号。
具体地，从双向光接口10入射的复合光信号经公共光口入射至环形器组件20中。从公共光口入射的复合光信号在第一偏振分光面211a分光为两束复合光信号。在此，其中一束复合光信号依次经第一偏振分光面211a和第一反射面212a的反射后，再经偏振调整组件22a调整偏振方向后透射至第二偏振分光面232a。另外一束复合光信号经第一偏振分光面211a透射后，再经偏振调整组件22a调整偏振方向透射至第三反射面233a，之后，经第三反射面233a反射至第二偏振分光面232a。第二偏振分光面232a将来自第三反射面233a的复合光信号反射，将来自第一反射面212a的复合光信号透射，以将两束复合光信号合光为第六复合光信号。
然后，第六复合光信号经出射光口传输至RX端，由光接收组件50接收。
如图1、8所示，在一些实施例中，波分复用组件40包括八合一的第二复用器41b，其中：
第二复用器41b，用于将其接收的八路发射端光信号合成为第七复合光信号后传输至环形器组件20发射。
具体地，环形器组件20包括沿第一方向依次设置的第一偏振分光组件21b、偏振调整组件22b以及第二偏振分光组件23b。其中：
第一偏振分光组件21b包括沿第二方向排列且相互平行设置的第一偏振分光面211b和第一反射面212b，公共光口设于第一偏振分光组件21b。其中，第二方向与第一方向具有一夹角，比如，在本实施例中，第二方向与第一方向之间的夹角为90°，即第二方向与第一方向相垂直，第一偏振分光面211b和第一反射面212b相互平行，且均与第一方向和第二方向呈45°夹角倾斜设置，各光信号沿第一方向或第二方向输入或输出环形器组件。
第二偏振分光组件23b包括沿第二方向排列且相互平行设置的第二反射面231b、第二偏振分光面232b和第三反射面233b，出射光口设于第二偏振分光组件22b上。且第二偏振分光组件22b上设有一个入射光口和一个出射光口。其中，第二反射面231b、第二偏振分光面232b和第三反射面233b均与第一方向和第二方向呈45°夹角倾斜设置。
偏振调整组件22b位于第一偏振分光组件21b和第二偏振分光组件23b之间，用于单向调整由第一偏振分光组21b件入射至第二偏振分光组件23b的线偏振光的偏振方向。值得一提的是，该实施例中的偏振调整组件22b对线偏振光的偏振调整原理与上述实施例的相同，在此不再一一展开赘述。
在本实施例中，环形器组件20的光信号传输原理如下：
（一）通过TX端发射光信号：
TX端将第七复合光信号输出至入射光口。从入射光口入射的第七复合光信号依次经第二反射面231b和第二偏振分光面232b反射后，经偏振调整组件22b透射至第一反射面。第七复合光信号再经第一反射面212b和第一偏振分光面211b反射后，经公共光口耦合至双向光接口10。
（二）通过RX端接收光信号：
从双向光接口10入射的随机偏振态的复合光信号经第一偏振分光面211b分为两路线偏振光，两路线偏振光分别经偏振调整组件22b调整偏振方向后，再经第二偏振分光组件23b合为一复合光信号，最后经出射光口传输至RX端，从而由光接收组件50接收。
如图1、9-10所示，在一些实施例中，光收发模块100还包括第一潜望镜81和第二潜望镜82，其中：
第一潜望镜81，设于入射光口和波分复用组件40之间的光路中，用于将波分复用组件40输出的复合光信号偏折至入射光口。具体地，第一潜望镜81包括两个相对设置的第一入光面811和第一出光面812，第一入光面811和第一出光面812均为反射面。来自波分复用组件40的复合光信号依次经第一入光面811和第一出光面812反射至入射光口。
第二潜望镜82，分别与出射光口和光接收组件50相对设置，用于将来自出射光口的复合光信号输出至光接收组件50。具体地，第二潜望镜82包括两个相对设置的第二入光面821和第二出光面822，第二入光面821和第二出光面822均为反射面。来自出射光口的复合光信号依次经第二入光面821和第二出光面822反射至波分解复用组件60。
当然，值得一提的是，在其他实施例中，只设置第一潜望镜81和第二潜望镜82中的其中一个也可行的，在此，不再一一展开赘述。
在本实施例中，通过第一潜望镜的设置，能够使得环形器组件20与TX端之间的位置设置更加灵活，和/或，通过第二潜望镜的设置，能够使得环形器组件20与RX端之间的位置设置更加灵活，有利于提高光收发模块100的各光学元件间的位置设置的灵活性。
在一些实施例中，光收发模块100还包括第二潜望镜82和基板83，基板83设有相背设置的第一表面831和第二表面832。
其中，双向光接口10、环形器组件20、光发射组件30和波分复用组件40设置于第一表面831，使得双向光接口10和环形器组件20两者与光发射组件30位于同一侧。光接收组件50和波分解复用组件60位于第二表面832。第二潜望镜82从基板83的第一表面831侧横跨至第二表面832侧，用于将环形器组件20的出射光口输出的复合光信号偏折至位于基板83另一表面的波分解复用组件60。
在本实施例中，通过第二潜望镜82的设置，使得光收发模块100的TX端和RX端分别集成于不同侧，有利于缩小光收发模块100的体积。而且，在光模块壳体内集成更多通道的光组件时，将TX端和RX端分别设于基板83的不同侧，可有效降低TX端和RX端之间的串扰，以及TX端和RX端各相邻通道间的串扰。
当然，在另一些实施例中，双向光接口10和环形器组件20也可以与光接收组件50设于基板83的同一侧，第二潜望镜82则用于将波分复用组件40输出的复合光信号偏折至位于基板83另一表面的环形器组件20的入射光口。
需要说明的是，在一些实施例中，也可以将环形器组件20、光发射组件30、波分复用组件40、光接收组件50和波分解复用组件60、第一潜望镜81和第二潜望镜82均设置于基板83的第一表面831上，或均设置于基板83的第二表面832上。在该实施例中，使得光收发模块100的TX端和RX端集成于同一侧，有利于简化光收发模块100的装配工序，使得其便于装配加工，从而降低加工成本。值得一提的是，在其他的实施例中，也可以不设置第一潜望镜81和/或第二潜望镜82。
如图1、11所示，在一些实施例中，波分解复用组件60包括第一解复用器61以及第二解复用器62。其中：
第一解复用器61，用于将出射光口输出的复合光信号分光为四路单通道的接收端光信号和包含另外四通道光信号的第八复合光信号，四路接收端光信号耦合至光接收组件50，第八复合光信号耦合至第二解复用器62。具体地，第一解复用器61包括四个第一滤波片611和一个第二滤波片612，四个第一滤波片611分别与光接收组件50光耦合，第二滤波片612与第二解复用器62光耦合。出射光口输出的复合光信号依次经过四个第一滤波片611后，形成四路向光接收组件50出射的单通道接收端光信号，还形成一束包含有另外四通道的第八复合光信号。第八复合光信号通过第二滤波片612耦合至第二解复用器62。
第二解复用器，用于将第八复合光信号分光为另外四路单通道接收端光信号后输出至光接收组件50。具体地，第二解复用器62包括四个第三滤波片621，四个第三滤波片621分别与光接收组件50光耦合。第八复合光信号依次经过四个第三滤波片621后，形成另外四路向光接收组件50出射的单通道接收端光信号。
如图1、12所示，在一些实施例中，波分解复用组件60包括八分一的第三解复用器61a。
第三解复用器61a，用于将出射光口输出的复合光信号分光为八路单通道接收端光信号后输出至光接收组件50。
具体地，第三解复用器61a包括八个第四滤波片611a，八个第四滤波片611a分别与光接收组件50光耦合。出射光口输出的复合光信号依次经过八个第四滤波片611a后，形成八路向光接收组件50出射的单通道接收端光信号。
以上实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本实用新型的几种实施例，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对实用新型专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本实用新型构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本实用新型的保护范围。因此，本实用新型专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种光收发模块，其特征在于，其包括壳体、设于壳体内的电路板、双向光接口、环形器组件、光发射组件、波分复用组件、光接收组件以及波分解复用组件，所述光发射组件和光接收组件电连接于所述电路板；其中：
    所述双向光接口用于向外输出复合光信号和接收外部输入的复合光信号；
    所述环形器组件包括一个公共光口、一个出射光口和至少一个入射光口，所述公共光口与所述双向光接口光耦合，所述出射光口与所述波分解复用组件光耦合，各所述入射光口与所述波分复用组件光耦合；
    所述光发射组件，用于发射至少八路发射端光信号；
    所述波分复用组件，用于将来自所述光发射组件的至少八路发射端光信号进行合光处理后传输至所述入射光口；
    所述波分解复用组件，用于将所述出射光口输出的复合光信号分光为至少八路接收端光信号；
    所述光接收组件，用于接收来自所述波分解复用组件的至少八路接收端光信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光收发模块，其特征在于，所述波分复用组件包括至少两个四合一的第一复用器，每一所述第一复用器用于将所述光发射组件发射的多路发射端光信号中的四路合为一路第一复合光信号输出。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的光收发模块，其特征在于，所述环形器组件包括至少两个入射光口，各个所述入射光口分别与各个所述第一复用器一一相对设置；
    每一所述入射光口，用于接收来自与其相对的所述第一复用器输出的第一复合光信号。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的光收发模块，其特征在于，所述环形器组件包括沿第一方向依次设置的第一偏振分光组件、偏振调整组件以及第二偏振分光组件；
    所述第一偏振分光组件包括沿第二方向排列且相互平行设置的第一偏振分光面和第一反射面，所述公共光口设于所述第一偏振分光组件上，所述第二方向与所述第一方向相垂直，各光信号沿所述第一方向或第二方向输入或输出所述环形器组件；
    所述第二偏振分光组件包括沿第二方向排列且相互平行设置的第二偏振分光面、第三偏振分光面和第二反射面，两个所述入射光口和所述出射光口均设于所述第二偏振分光组件上，分别用于接收两个所述第一复用器输出的第一复合光信号；各所述偏振分光面和反射面均与所述第一方向和第二方向倾斜设置；
    所述偏振调整组件位于所述第一偏振分光组件和所述第二偏振分光组件之间，用于单向调整由所述第一偏振分光组件入射至所述第二偏振分光组件的线偏振光的偏振方向；
    从两个所述入射光口入射的第一复合光信号依次经所述第二偏振分光组、所述偏振调整组件和所述第一偏振分光组件后合为一第二复合光信号，所述第二复合光信号再经所述公共光口耦合至所述双向光接口；
    从所述双向光接口入射的复合光信号依次经所述第一偏振分光组件分光和所述偏振调整组件调整偏振方向后，再经所述第二偏振分光组件合为一第三复合光信号后，所述第三复合光信号经所述出射光口传输至所述波分解复用组件。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的光收发模块，其特征在于，所述环形器组件包括沿第一方向依次排布的第一偏振分光组件、偏振调整组件、第二偏振分光组件以及第三偏振分光组件；
    所述第一偏振分光组件包括沿第二方向排列且相互平行设置的第一偏振分光面和第一反射面，所述公共光口设于所述第一偏振分光组件，所述第二方向与所述第一方向相垂直，各光信号沿所述第一方向或第二方向输入或输出所述环形器组件；
    所述第二偏振分光组件包括沿第二方向排列且相互平行设置的第二反射面、第二偏振分光面和第三反射面，所述出射光口设于所述第二偏振分光组件上；
    所述偏振调整组件位于所述第一偏振分光组件和所述第二偏振分光组件之间，用于单向调整由所述第一偏振分光组件入射至所述第二偏振分光组件的线偏振光的偏振方向；
    所述第三偏振分光组件包括沿第二方向排列且相互平行设置的第三偏振分光面和第四反射面，两个所述入射光口设于所述第三偏振分光组件，分别用于接收两个所述第一复用器输出的第一复合光信号；各所述偏振分光面和反射面均与所述第一方向和第二方向倾斜设置； 
    从两个所述入射光口入射的两个第一复合光信号经所述第三偏振分光组件合成为第四复合光信号；所述第四复合光信号经所述第二偏振分光组件分光后反射至所述偏振调整组件，经所述偏振调整组件传输至所述第一偏振分光组件，经所述第一偏振分光组件合成第五复合光信号，所述第五复合光信号经所述公共光口耦合至所述双向光接口；
    从所述双向光接口入射的复合光信号依次经所述第一偏振分光组件分光和所述偏振调整组件调整偏振方向后，再经所述第二偏振分光组件合为一第六复合光信号，所述第六复合光信号经所述出射光口传输至所述波分解复用组件。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的光收发模块，其特征在于，所述波分复用组件包括八合一的第二复用器，其中：
    所述第二复用器，用于将其接收的八路发射端光信号合成为第七复合光信号后传输至所述环形器组件。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的光收发模块，其特征在于，所述光收发模块还包括第一潜望镜和/或第二潜望镜，其中：
    所述第一潜望镜，分别与所述入射光口和所述波分复用组件相对设置，用于将来自所述波分复用组件的复合光信号输出至所述入射光口；和/或，
    所述第二潜望镜，分别与所述出射光口和所述光接收组件相对设置，用于将来自所述出射光口的复合光信号输出至所述波分解复用组件。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的光收发模块，其特征在于，所述光收发模块还包括基板，所述基板设有相背设置的两个表面，所述环形器组件、所述光发射组件、所述波分复用组件、所述光接收组件、所述波分解复用组件均设置于所述基板其中一个表面上。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的光收发模块，其特征在于，所述光收发模块还包括基板和第二潜望镜，所述基板设有相背设置的第一表面和第二表面，所述光发射组件和所述波分复用组件设置于所述第一表面，所述光接收组件和所述波分解复用组件位于所述第二表面；
    所述双向光接口和所述环形器组件位于所述第一表面或第二表面，所述第二潜望镜从所述基板的第一表面侧横跨至所述第二表面侧，用于将所述环形器组件的出射光口输出的复合光信号偏折至位于所述基板另一表面的所述波分解复用组件，或者将所述波分复用组件输出的复合光信号偏折至位于所述基板另一表面的所述环形器组件的入射光口。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的光收发模块，其特征在于，所述波分复用组件与所述环形器的入射光口之间设有光隔离器，用于单向通过所述波分复用组件输出的光信号。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的光收发模块，其特征在于，所述波分解复用组件包括第一解复用器以及第二解复用器；
    所述第一解复用器，用于将所述出射光口输出的复合光信号分光为四路所述接收端光信号和第八复合光信号，四路所述接收端光信号耦合至所述光接收组件，所述第八复合光信号耦合至所述第二解复用器；
    所述第二解复用器，用于将所述第八复合光信号分光为另外四路所述接收端光信号后输出至所述光接收组件。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的光收发模块，其特征在于，所述波分解复用组件包括八分一的第三解复用器；
    所述第三解复用器，用于将所述出射光口输出的复合光信号分光为八路所述接收端光信号后输出至所述光接收组件。
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