WO2023236409A1 - 基于磁气复合吸附的大口径光学镜片安装装置及方法 - Google Patents

基于磁气复合吸附的大口径光学镜片安装装置及方法 Download PDF

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WO2023236409A1
WO2023236409A1 PCT/CN2022/126296 CN2022126296W WO2023236409A1 WO 2023236409 A1 WO2023236409 A1 WO 2023236409A1 CN 2022126296 W CN2022126296 W CN 2022126296W WO 2023236409 A1 WO2023236409 A1 WO 2023236409A1
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magnetic
optical lens
cup
motor
air pump
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PCT/CN2022/126296
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张遂
董云芬
张盈盈
焦长君
武兆平
王斌
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中科院南京天文仪器有限公司
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Publication of WO2023236409A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023236409A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B11/00—Work holders not covered by any preceding group in the subclass, e.g. magnetic work holders, vacuum work holders
    • B25B11/002—Magnetic work holders

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of precision optical system assembly and calibration, and is mainly used for assembling precision optical lens groups, and is particularly suitable for concave and convex large-diameter optical lenses that have been coated and have multiple lens groups.
  • the present invention provides an adsorption installation tool that can meet different calibers and mirror shapes, has controllable adsorption force, and has less damage to the surface film layer.
  • a large-diameter optical lens installation device based on magnetic composite adsorption including a bracket, a motor, a magnetic vacuum adsorption cup, a magnetic base, a measuring rod, a flexible rope, an air pump, and a traction frame for installing optical lenses.
  • the measuring rod and The flexible ropes can be stretched and retracted under the drive of the motor.
  • the air pump is connected to the bracket corresponding to the middle position of the measuring rod through a steel wire rope.
  • the steel wire rope is connected to a driving mechanism for driving the air pump to move up and down.
  • the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup It is connected to the bottom of the air pump through an air guide pipe.
  • the mouth of the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup is provided with a flexible gasket.
  • the magnetic base is placed under the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup when in use.
  • the magnetic base includes a magnet shell and a guide.
  • a cavity in the magnet shell, a bar magnet is provided in the cavity, a bar magnet rotation control member for controlling the rotation of the bar magnet is provided on the magnet housing, and a bar magnet rotation control member is provided on the upper and lower sides of the cavity.
  • Magnetic isolation part, a replaceable tray is installed on the magnetic base, and an annular buffer part is arranged on the surface of the tray.
  • the bracket is a gantry that can move forward and backward.
  • the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup is made of cast iron, and its diameter is smaller than the diameter of the optical lens; the tray is made of flexible material.
  • the interior of the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup is a conical hollow channel, the end with a larger diameter of the channel is the adsorption end, and the flexible gasket is provided at the adsorption end.
  • a steel wire rope is connected between the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup and the air pump, and the air guide pipe adopts a telescopic strong plastic bellows.
  • the measuring rod is provided with a scale for marking the diameter of the optical lens and the traction frame.
  • the magnetic isolation member is a copper plate.
  • the motor includes a first motor and a second motor, and the first motor and the second motor are both fixedly installed on the bracket;
  • the measuring rod includes a left telescopic rod and a right telescopic rod.
  • the output end of the first motor is connected with a gear.
  • the left telescopic rod is meshed with the gear on one side, and the right telescopic rod is on the opposite side.
  • One side is meshed with the gear, and the measuring rod expands and contracts laterally under the drive of the first motor;
  • Fixed pulleys are installed at both ends of the left telescopic rod and the right telescopic rod.
  • the middle part of the flexible rope is installed on the second motor.
  • One end of the flexible rope passes through the left fixed pulley and the right fixed pulley of the right telescopic rod in turn.
  • the pulley hangs from the right end of the right telescopic rod, and the other end hangs from the left end of the left telescopic rod through the right fixed pulley of the left telescopic rod and the left fixed pulley in turn.
  • the flexible rope is driven by the second motor to measure along the The end of the rod extends or retracts.
  • a method for installing large-diameter optical lenses based on magnetic composite adsorption is based on the above-mentioned device. The method includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 According to the concave and convex shape of the optical lens, select a suitable tray and install it on the magnetic base. Place the optical lens concentrically on the tray. The tray and the optical lens are separated by an annular buffer. Use the bar magnet rotation control to rotate the optical lens. The bar magnet rotates to the vertical state, and the magnetic base is not magnetic at this time;
  • Step 2 Adjust the expansion and contraction of the measuring rod so that the flexible ropes at both ends fit the two sides of the optical lens.
  • the reading of the measuring rod is equal to the diameter of the optical lens, and the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup is located in the center of the optical lens, controlling the magnetic suction.
  • the vacuum adsorption cup is lowered to the center surface of the optical lens, and the bar magnet is rotated to a horizontal state through the bar magnet rotation control.
  • the magnetic base has strong magnetism and can stably absorb the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup, and the optical lens is magnetically attracted to the vacuum.
  • Adsorption cup and magnetic base for stable clamping;
  • Step 3 Turn on the air pump so that the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup is in a negative pressure environment, and adjust the air pump volume to ensure that the optical lens is stably adsorbed on the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup;
  • Step 4 Adjust the height of the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup to raise the optical lens to a predetermined height. Select the traction frame of the corresponding size based on the measurement results in step 2, and place the traction frame corresponding to the flexible ropes at both ends of the measuring rod. position, and fix the flexible rope to the traction frame. At this time, the adsorbed optical lens is located in the center of the traction frame. Adjust the height of the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup to place the optical lens at the appropriate position of the base of the traction frame;
  • Step 5 Rotate the bar magnet to the vertical state through the bar magnet rotation control.
  • the magnetic base loses its magnetism. Evacuate the magnetic base, tray and annular buffer from the lower opening of the traction frame;
  • Step 6 Turn off the air pump, make the suction of the magnetic vacuum cup disappear, and raise the magnetic vacuum cup;
  • Step 7 Place the traction frame with built-in optical lens in the appropriate position of the large lens barrel through the flexible rope, rotate the screws on both sides of the large lens barrel, adjust the traction frame to the middle position of the large lens barrel and fix it;
  • Step 8 For other optical lenses, repeat steps 1-7 to place the optical lenses in the large lens barrel.
  • the device and method of the present invention can meet the requirements for the installation of optical lenses with different calibers and mirror shapes.
  • the adsorption force is stable and controllable.
  • the contact surface is attached with flexible material, which causes less damage to the surface film layer of the optical lens.
  • the center of the suction cup and the center of the lens are aligned with each other. It has good neutrality, and the lens will not affect the image quality due to stress during eccentric adjustment in the later stage. At the same time, it can also avoid the falling problem caused by deviation from the center under visual adsorption.
  • the device of the present invention can be reused when multiple optical lenses are installed.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-diameter optical lens installation device based on magnetic composite adsorption
  • FIG. 2 is a detailed structural view of the clamping part in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of negative pressure adsorption and magnetic clamping
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the flexible tray structure used for convex optical lenses
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the flexible tray structure used for concave optical lenses
  • Figure 6 is a flow chart of the installation method of large-diameter optical lenses based on magnetic composite adsorption
  • Figure 7 is a structural diagram of the first motor controlling the telescopic rod and the second motor controlling the flexible rope;
  • Figure 8 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the motor control structure.
  • This embodiment aims at the difficulty of installing optical lenses of different calibers and different curvature radii in a large-diameter optical system with a long lens barrel, and provides a method that can safely, reliably and quickly assemble optical lenses with various curvature radii while also protecting the lens surface.
  • FIG. 1-3 The structure of the large-diameter optical lens mounting device based on magnetic composite adsorption in this embodiment is shown in Figures 1-3, including a bracket, a motor (the motor specifically includes a first motor 3.2 and a second motor 3.3), and a magnetic vacuum adsorption cup 2 , magnetic base 8, traction frame 14 for loading optical lenses 7. in:
  • the traction frame 14 is provided with multiple models of different sizes, which are selected according to the shape and size of the optical lens 7 to be installed.
  • the traction frame 14 is an exclusive small frame for a single optical lens 7.
  • the exclusive traction frame 14 for the optical lens 7 is provided so that the large The aperture optical lens mounting device can be reused, otherwise, when multiple optical lenses 7 are installed, the magnetic base 8 cannot be taken out.
  • the existing optical lenses 7 are all installed in the same lens barrel.
  • the side wall screws 15 directly push against the side walls of the optical lens 7 for movement. The stress generated when the screws 15 are too tight will affect the imaging quality, and this embodiment uses The exclusive pulling frame 14 is used. When the eccentric adjustment is performed in the later stage of installation, the screw 15 only contacts the outer wall of the pulling frame 14 and does not contact the optical lens 7, thereby avoiding the above-mentioned problem of affecting imaging quality due to stress.
  • the bracket is specifically selected as a gantry frame 6.
  • the gantry frame 6 can move forward and backward.
  • the first motor 3.2 and the second motor 3.3 are both fixedly installed on the gantry frame 6.
  • a measuring rod 5 extending laterally is installed on the first motor 3.2.
  • the first motor 3.2 is preferably installed at the midpoint of the measuring rod 5.
  • the preferred structure of the measuring rod 5 is shown in Figure 7-8, including a left telescopic rod 5.2 and a right telescopic rod 5.1.
  • the output end of the first motor 3.2 is connected with a gear, and the left telescopic rod 5.2 meshes with the gear on one side.
  • the right telescopic rod 5.1 meshes with the gear on the opposite side, so that the two ends of the measuring rod 5 can be laterally expanded and contracted under the drive of the first motor 3.2, and the position of the measuring rod 5 relative to the wire rope 18 has a left-right symmetrical relationship, that is, The length of the left telescopic rod 5.2 extending to the left relative to the connection point of the steel wire rope 18 is equal to the length of the right telescopic rod extending to the right relative to the connection point of the steel wire rope 18. It is best to have a scale on the measuring rod for easy marking.
  • Fixed pulleys are installed at both ends of the left telescopic rod 5.2 and the right telescopic rod 5.1, that is, the left fixed pulley 5.3 and the right fixed pulley 5.4 are installed on the left telescopic rod 5.2 and the right telescopic rod 5.1, and the flexible ropes
  • the middle part of 17 is installed on the second motor 3.3, one end of which hangs down from the right end of the right telescopic rod 5.1 through the left fixed pulley 5.3 and the right fixed pulley 5.4 of the right telescopic rod 5.1, and the other end passes through the left telescopic rod in sequence.
  • the right fixed pulley 5.4 and the left fixed pulley 5.3 of 5.2 hang down from the left end of the left telescopic rod 5.2, and the flexible rope 17 is extended or retracted along the end of the measuring rod 5 under the drive of the second motor 3.3.
  • the air pump 1 is installed in the middle of the measuring rod 5 through a steel wire rope 18.
  • the steel wire rope 18 is connected to a third motor 3.1.
  • the third motor 3.1 is fixed on the gantry 6.
  • the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup 2 is connected to the air pump 1 through an air guide pipe 19.
  • the diameter is smaller than the caliber of the optical lens 7.
  • the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup 2 and the air pump 1 are preferably connected through a steel wire rope, and the air guide pipe can be a telescopic strong plastic bellows.
  • the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup 2 can move up and down driven by the third motor 3.1.
  • An annular flexible gasket 4 is provided at the mouth of the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup 2 to avoid scratches or dirt on the surface of the optical lens 7.
  • the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup 2 is made of flexible cast iron material.
  • the inside of the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup 2 is a conical hollow channel.
  • the air pump 1 When the air pump 1 is working, the inside is in a vacuum state.
  • the end with the larger diameter of the channel is At the adsorption end, the flexible gasket 4 is disposed at the adsorption end.
  • the air pumping volume of the air pump 1 can be adjusted according to the difference in weight of the adsorbed optical lens 7.
  • the magnetic base 8 includes a magnet shell made of magnetic conductive material.
  • a cavity is provided in the magnet shell.
  • a rotatable bar magnet 13 is arranged in the cavity in the magnet shell.
  • the shell is provided with a bar magnet rotation control member for controlling the rotation of the bar magnet 13. In this embodiment, it is specifically a handle 11.
  • the inner walls of the upper and lower sides of the cavity are provided with magnetic isolation members.
  • the magnetic isolation members are used to separate the magnet conductors. and the magnetic connection between the bar magnets.
  • the magnetic isolation member is specifically a rectangular copper plate 12.
  • a tray 9 is installed on the magnetic base 8, which is preferably made of flexible materials. The tray 9 is detachable for installation.
  • the tray 9 includes a variety of models with different concavities and convexities, and is selected according to the shape and size of the optical lens to be installed, Figure 4 and Figure 5 shows a typical flexible tray structure used in convex optical lenses and concave optical lenses.
  • the surface of the tray 9 is provided with an annular buffer member 10.
  • the annular buffer member 10 is an annular elastic thin pad.
  • the magnetic base 8 is placed under the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup 2 when in use. When the bar magnet 13 is controlled by the handle 11 to be placed horizontally, that is, when the N and S poles of the magnet face the magnetic conductor, the magnetic base 8 has strong magnetism. Can be used to adsorb cast iron adsorption cups.
  • the optical lens installation method using the above-mentioned large-diameter optical lens installation device based on magnetic composite adsorption includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 According to the concave and convex shape of the optical lens 7, select a suitable tray 9 and install it on the magnetic base 8. Place the optical lens 7 concentrically on the tray 9. Use a cleaning tool to clean the optical lens 7 to be installed.
  • the tray 9 is in contact with the optical lens 7.
  • the lenses 7 are separated by annular buffers 10.
  • the magnetic base 8 is placed under the tray 9.
  • the bar magnet 13 is rotated to the vertical state through the handle 11. At this time, the magnetic base 8 is not magnetic; as shown in Figure 6 (a) is shown.
  • Step 2 Control the movement of the gantry 6, and adjust the expansion and contraction of the measuring rod 5 through the first motor 3.2 so that the flexible ropes 17 at both ends fit the two sides of the optical lens 7.
  • the length of the measuring rod 5 is approximately equal to the length of the optical lens 7. diameter
  • the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup 2 is approximately located at the center of the optical lens 7.
  • the third motor 3.1 controls the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup 2 to slowly descend to the central surface of the optical lens 7, and the bar magnet 13 is rotated through the handle 11. to the horizontal state.
  • the magnetic base 8 has strong magnetism and can stably absorb the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup 2.
  • the optical lens 7 is stably clamped by the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup 2 and the magnetic base 8. Since the annular buffer is provided on the tray 9 10, so that the coated optical lens 7 will not be damaged during the clamping process; as shown in (b), (c) and (d) in Figure 6 .
  • Step 3 Turn on the air pump 1 so that the inside of the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup 2 is in a negative pressure environment. Adjust the air pumping volume of the air pump 1 to make the optical lens 7 stably adsorbed on the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup 2. Due to the end face of the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup 2 A flexible gasket 4 is provided, so it can effectively protect the film system on the lens surface even under strong adsorption;
  • Step 4 Control the third motor 3.1 to adjust the height of the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup 2 through the wire rope 18 to raise the optical lens 7 to a predetermined height.
  • the adsorbed optical lens 7 is approximately located in the center of the traction frame 14, and the third motor 3.1 is controlled. Adjust the height of the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup 2 through the wire rope 18 to place the optical lens 7 in a suitable position pulling the base of the frame 14; as shown in (e) and (f) in Figure 6 .
  • Step 5 Rotate the bar magnet 13 to the vertical state through the handle 11.
  • the magnetic base 8 loses its magnetism and the magnetic force disappears.
  • Step 6 Turn off the air pump 1, make the suction of the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup 2 disappear, and raise the magnetic vacuum adsorption cup 2; as shown in (h) in Figure 6.
  • Step 7 Since the flexible ropes 17 at both ends of the measuring rod 5 are respectively fixed to the upper end surface of the traction frame 14, the flexible rope 17 plays a traction role at this time, and the second motor 3.3 controls the flexible rope 17 to pull the frame with the built-in optical lens 7 14 is slowly placed in the appropriate position of the large lens barrel 16, rotate the screws 15 on both sides of the large lens barrel 16, adjust the traction frame 14 to the middle position of the large lens barrel 16 and fix it; (i) and () in Figure 6 j) shown.
  • Step 8 For other optical lenses, select the appropriate tray 9 and traction frame 14 according to their concave and convex shapes.
  • Step 8 For other optical lenses, select the appropriate tray 9 and traction frame 14 according to their concave and convex shapes.
  • Step 8 For other optical lenses, select the appropriate tray 9 and traction frame 14 according to their concave and convex shapes.
  • Step 8 For other optical lenses, select the appropriate tray 9 and traction frame 14 according to their concave and convex shapes.
  • Step 8 For other optical lenses, select the appropriate tray 9 and traction frame 14 according to their concave and convex shapes.
  • the large-diameter optical lens installation device and method based on magnetic composite adsorption of this embodiment has stable and safe adsorption capabilities for large-diameter multi-lens optical lenses, and can overcome the instability of the adsorption force caused by a single adsorption force. Problems such as accidental dropping of optical lenses are avoided, and problems such as scratches and dirt that may be caused during the contact between the adsorption cup and the mirror surface are avoided.
  • the exclusive traction frame for a single lens reduces the difficulty of post-assembly and adjustment of optical lenses of multiple lens groups. For unevenness Optical lenses can be installed stably, which can effectively solve the problem of assembly difficulties caused by excessive weight of optical lenses and deep lens barrels.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Testing Of Optical Devices Or Fibers (AREA)
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Abstract

一种基于磁气复合吸附的大口径光学镜片安装装置，包括支架（6）、电机（3.1,3.2,3.3）、磁吸真空吸附杯（2）、磁性底座（8）、测量杆（5）、柔性绳索（17）、气泵（1）、用于装入光学镜片的牵引镜框（14），测量杆（5）和柔性绳索（17）均可在电机的驱动下伸缩，气泵（1）通过钢丝绳（18）连接于与测量杆（5）中部位置相对应的支架上，钢丝绳（18）连接有用于驱动气泵上下移动的驱动机构，磁吸真空吸附杯（2）通过导气管道（19）连接于气泵（1）下方，磁吸真空吸附杯（2）的杯口处设有柔性垫圈（4），磁性底座（8）在使用时放置于磁吸真空吸附杯（2）的下方，磁性底座（8）包括导磁体外壳和导磁体外壳内的空腔，空腔中设置有条形磁体（13），导磁体外壳上设置有用于控制条形磁体（13）旋转的条形磁体旋转控制件，空腔的上下两侧设置有隔磁件，磁性底座上安装有可更换的托盘（9），托盘（9）表面设置有环形缓冲件（10）。该安装装置可满足不同口径和镜面形状的光学镜片的安装，吸附力稳定可控，对光学镜片表面膜层的伤害较小。

Description

基于磁气复合吸附的大口径光学镜片安装装置及方法 技术领域
本发明属于精密光学系统装校领域，主要用于装配精密光学镜片组，特别适用于已完成镀膜且多镜组的凹凸大口径光学透镜。
背景技术
随着科技的不断发展，光学镜片的应用越来越广泛，在实际装调过程中，目前对于大口径光学镜片的夹取以手动吸盘或者搬运为主，但是这种吸附方式局限性较大，首先由于手动吸附力不稳定，在装配过程中容易掉落，对光学镜片造成不可逆的损伤，其次手动吸盘的口径和形状一定，但光学镜片组凹凸不一，曲率半径也相差较大，对于曲率半径较小的凹凸镜片吸附力不强，且由于光学镜片口径较大，吸附位置应位于镜片中心位置，但实际工作中通常以目视为主，吸附之后容易发生左右摆动的情况，导致吸盘中心与镜片中心对不准，故手动吸盘适用范围较小。
而基于磁力吸附的光学镜片安装工具由于磁力大小不可控，若光学镜片重量过大，容易发生掉落等意外情况；若光学镜片重量过小，在上部磁铁靠近过程中下部磁铁突然吸附损坏光学镜片等情况。现有的光学镜头组装设备对小口径光学镜片安装效果较为良好，但是对于中大口径光学镜片来说吸附力不够，且对于较重光学镜片在安装之前如何将镜片放置在镜片固定架就比较困难，真空吸盘对光学镜片重复吸附还是会留下吸附印记损坏膜层。
发明内容
为克服上述现有技术所述的至少一种缺陷，本发明提供一种满足不同口径和镜面形状，吸附力可控，对表面膜层伤害较小的吸附安装工具。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
基于磁气复合吸附的大口径光学镜片安装装置，包括支架、电机、磁吸真空吸附杯、磁性底座、测量杆、柔性绳索、气泵、用于装入光学镜片的牵引镜框，所述测量杆和柔性绳索均可在电机的驱动下伸缩，所述气泵通过钢丝绳连接于与测量杆中部位置相对应的支架上，所述钢丝绳连接有用于驱动气泵上下移动的驱动机构，所述磁吸真空吸附杯通过导气管道连接于气泵下方，所述磁吸真空吸附杯的杯口处设有柔性垫圈，所述磁性底座在使用时放置于磁吸真空吸附杯的下方， 磁性底座包括导磁体外壳和导磁体外壳内的空腔，所述空腔中设置有条形磁体，所述导磁体外壳上设置有用于控制所述条形磁体旋转的条形磁体旋转控制件，空腔的上下两侧设置有隔磁件，磁性底座上安装有可更换的托盘，托盘表面设置有环形缓冲件。
进一步的，所述支架为可前后移动的龙门架。
进一步的，所述磁吸真空吸附杯为铸铁材料，其直径小于光学镜片的口径；所述托盘为柔性材料。
进一步的，所述磁吸真空吸附杯的内部为锥形中空通道，通道直径较大的一端为吸附端，所述柔性垫圈设置于所述吸附端处。
进一步的，所述磁吸真空吸附杯和气泵之间还连有钢丝绳，所述导气管道采用可伸缩的强塑波纹管。
进一步的，所述测量杆上设有刻度，用于标记光学镜片和牵引镜框的直径。
进一步的，所述隔磁件为铜板。
进一步的，所述电机包括第一电机、第二电机，所述第一电机、第二电机均固定安装于支架上；
所述测量杆包括左侧伸缩杆和右侧伸缩杆，所述第一电机的输出端连接有齿轮，所述左侧伸缩杆在一侧与所述齿轮啮合，所述右侧伸缩杆在相对一侧与所述齿轮啮合，所述测量杆在第一电机的驱动下横向伸缩；
所述左侧伸缩杆和右侧伸缩杆的两端均安装有定滑轮，所述柔性绳索的中部安装于第二电机上，其一端依次经右侧伸缩杆的左侧定滑轮和右侧定滑轮从右侧伸缩杆的右端垂下，另一端依次经左侧伸缩杆的右侧定滑轮和左侧定滑轮从左侧伸缩杆的左端垂下，所述柔性绳索在第二电机的驱动下沿测量杆的端部伸出或收回。
基于磁气复合吸附的大口径光学镜片安装方法，所述方法基于上述的装置，所述方法包括如下步骤：
步骤1：根据光学镜片的凹凸形状，选择合适的托盘安装于磁性底座上，将光学镜片同心放置在托盘上，托盘与光学镜片之间由环形缓冲件隔开，通过条形磁体旋转控制件将条形磁体旋转至竖直状态，此时磁性底座不具备磁性；
步骤2：调节测量杆的伸缩使其两端的柔性绳索贴合光学镜片的两侧，此时 测量杆的读数等于光学镜片的直径，且磁吸真空吸附杯位于光学镜片的中心位置，控制磁吸真空吸附杯下降至光学镜片的中心表面，通过条形磁体旋转控制件将条形磁体旋转至水平状态，此时磁性底座具备强磁性，可以稳定吸附磁吸真空吸附杯，光学镜片被磁吸真空吸附杯和磁性底座稳定夹持；
步骤3：打开气泵使磁吸真空吸附杯内处于负压环境，调节气泵抽气量使光学镜片稳定地吸附在磁吸真空吸附杯上；
步骤4：调节磁吸真空吸附杯的高度将光学镜片升起至预定高度，根据步骤2的测量结果选择相应尺寸的牵引镜框，将所述牵引镜框放置于与测量杆两端柔性绳索相对应的位置，并将柔性绳索固定至牵引镜框上，此时被吸附的光学镜片位于牵引镜框的中心位置，调节磁吸真空吸附杯的高度将光学镜片放置于牵引镜框底座的合适位置；
步骤5：通过条形磁体旋转控制件将条形磁体旋转至竖直状态，磁性底座失去磁性，将磁性底座、托盘、环形缓冲件从牵引镜框的下部开口处撤离；
步骤6：关闭气泵，使磁吸真空吸附杯的吸力消失，将磁吸真空吸附杯升起；
步骤7：通过柔性绳索将内置有光学镜片的牵引镜框放置于大镜筒的合适位置，旋转大镜筒两侧螺丝，将牵引镜框调节至大镜筒的中间位置并固定；
步骤8：对其他光学镜片，重复依次按照步骤1-7将光学镜片放置于大镜筒内。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明的装置及方法可满足不同口径和镜面形状的光学镜片的安装，吸附力稳定可控，接触面附有柔性材料，对光学镜片表面膜层的伤害较小，吸盘中心与镜片中心的对中性好，后期进行偏心调节时镜片不会因应力而影响成像质量，同时也可避免目视吸附状况下偏离中心造成的跌落问题，当安装多片光学镜片时本发明的装置可重复使用。
附图说明
图1是基于磁气复合吸附的大口径光学镜片安装装置的结构示意图；
图2是图1中夹持部分的细节结构图；
图3是负压式吸附和磁力夹持的结构示意图；
图4是针对凸型光学镜片采用的柔性托盘结构示意图；
图5是针对凹型光学镜片采用的柔性托盘结构示意图；
图6是基于磁气复合吸附的大口径光学镜片安装方法的流程图；
图7是第一电机控制伸缩杆以及第二电机控制柔性绳索的结构图；
图8是电机控制结构的局部放大示意图。
图中标记：1-气泵；2-磁吸真空吸附杯；3.1-第三电机；3.2-第一电机；3.3-第二电机；4-柔性垫圈；5.1-右侧伸缩杆；5.2-左侧伸缩杆；5.3-左侧定滑轮；5.4-右侧定滑轮；6-龙门架；7-光学镜片；8-磁性底座；9-托盘；10-环形缓冲件；11-手柄；12-铜板；13-条形磁体；14-牵引镜框；15-螺丝；16-大镜筒；17-柔性绳索；18-钢丝绳；19-导气管道。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
本实施例针对长镜筒的大口径光学系统中不同口径及不同曲率半径的光学镜片的安装困难，提供一种既可以安全可靠快捷地装配各种不同曲率半径的光学镜片、又可以保护镜片表面膜层、利于后期多镜组装调工作(调节偏心等)的基于磁气复合吸附的大口径光学镜片安装工具，使得大口径光学镜片可以安全可靠地安装至镜筒中。
本实施例基于磁气复合吸附的大口径光学镜片安装装置的结构如图1-3所示，包括支架、电机(电机具体包括第一电机3.2、第二电机3.3)、磁吸真空吸附杯2、磁性底座8、用于装入光学镜片7的牵引镜框14。其中：
牵引镜框14设置有不同大小型号的多个，根据待安装光学镜片7的形状和尺寸进行选择，牵引镜框14是单个光学镜片7的专属小镜框，设置光学镜片7专属的牵引镜框14使得该大口径光学镜片安装装置可重复使用，否则，当安装多片光学镜片7时，磁性底座8将无法取出。现有的光学镜片7均安装在同一镜筒中，调节时由侧壁螺丝15直接抵顶光学镜片7的侧壁进行移动，螺丝15过紧时产生的应力将影响成像质量，而本实施例使用了专属的牵引镜框14，在安装后期进行偏心调节时，螺丝15只接触牵引镜框14的外壁而不接触光学镜片7，从而可避免出现上述因应力而影响成像质量的问题。
支架具体选用龙门架6，龙门架6可前后移动，第一电机3.2、第二电机3.3均固定安装于龙门架6上。
第一电机3.2上安装有沿横向延伸的测量杆5，第一电机3.2最好安装在测量杆5的中点位置。测量杆5的优选结构如图7-8所示，包括左侧伸缩杆5.2和右侧伸缩杆5.1，第一电机3.2的输出端连接有齿轮，左侧伸缩杆5.2在一侧与该齿轮啮合，右侧伸缩杆5.1在相对一侧与该齿轮啮合，从而使得测量杆5的两端可在第一电机3.2的驱动下横向伸缩，测量杆5相对于钢丝绳18的位置具有左右对称关系，即左侧伸缩杆5.2相对于钢丝绳18的连接点向左伸出的长度与右侧伸缩杆相对于钢丝绳18的连接点向右伸出的长度相等，测量杆上最好还设有刻度，方便标记光学镜片7和牵引镜框14的直径。左侧伸缩杆5.2和右侧伸缩杆5.1的两端均安装有定滑轮，即左侧伸缩杆5.2和右侧伸缩杆5.1上均安装有左侧定滑轮5.3和右侧定滑轮5.4，柔性绳索17的中部安装于第二电机3.3上，其一端依次经右侧伸缩杆5.1的左侧定滑轮5.3和右侧定滑轮5.4从右侧伸缩杆5.1的右端垂下，另一端依次经左侧伸缩杆5.2的右侧定滑轮5.4和左侧定滑轮5.3从左侧伸缩杆5.2的左端垂下，柔性绳索17在第二电机3.3的驱动下沿测量杆5的端部伸出或收回。
测量杆5的中部通过钢丝绳18安装有气泵1，钢丝绳18连接有第三电机3.1，第三电机3.1固定于龙门架6上，磁吸真空吸附杯2与气泵1通过导气管道19相连，其直径小于光学镜片7的口径，磁吸真空吸附杯2与气泵1之间最好还通过钢丝绳相连，导气管道则可采用可伸缩的强塑波纹管。磁吸真空吸附杯2可在第三电机3.1的驱动下上下移动，磁吸真空吸附杯2的杯口处设置有环形的柔性垫圈4，可避免对光学镜片7表面造成划伤或者脏污。作为本实施例的优选，磁吸真空吸附杯2为柔性铸铁材料制成，磁吸真空吸附杯2的内部为锥形中空通道，气泵1工作时内部为真空状态，通道直径较大的一端为吸附端，柔性垫圈4设置于该吸附端处。当吸附光学镜片7时，可根据吸附光学镜片7重量的不同调节气泵1的抽气量。
如图2所示，磁性底座8包括由导磁材料制成的导磁体外壳，导磁体外壳内设置有空腔，导磁体外壳内的空腔中设置有可旋转的条形磁体13，导磁体外壳上设置有用于控制条形磁体13旋转的条形磁体旋转控制件，本实施例具体为手柄11，空腔的上下两侧内壁处设置有隔磁件，隔磁件用于隔开导磁体和条形磁体之间的磁关联，本实施例中隔磁件具体为矩形的铜板12。磁性底座8上安装 有托盘9，最好采用柔性材料制作而成，托盘9为可拆卸安装，托盘9包括凹凸各异的多种型号，根据待安装光学镜片的形状和尺寸选择，图4和图5显示了典型的凸型光学镜片和凹型光学镜片所采用的柔性托盘结构，托盘9表面设置有环形缓冲件10，本实施例中，环形缓冲件10为环形弹性薄垫。磁性底座8在使用时放置于磁吸真空吸附杯2的下方，当通过手柄11控制条形磁体13水平放置时，即磁铁的N、S极正对导磁体时，磁性底座8具备强磁性，可用于吸附铸铁吸附杯。
如图6所示，采用上述基于磁气复合吸附的大口径光学镜片安装装置的光学镜片安装方法包括如下步骤：
步骤1：根据光学镜片7的凹凸形状，选择合适的托盘9安装于磁性底座8上，将光学镜片7同心放置在托盘9上，使用清洁工具对待安装光学镜片7进行清洁处理，托盘9与光学镜片7之间由环形缓冲件10隔开，磁性底座8放置在托盘9之下，通过手柄11将条形磁体13旋转至竖直状态，此时磁性底座8不具备磁性；如图6中的(a)所示。
步骤2：控制龙门架6的移动，通过第一电机3.2调节测量杆5的伸缩使其两端的柔性绳索17贴合光学镜片7的两侧，此时测量杆5的长度近似等于光学镜片7的直径，且磁吸真空吸附杯2近似位于光学镜片7的中心位置，通过第三电机3.1控制磁吸真空吸附杯2缓缓下降至光学镜片7的中心表面，通过手柄11将条形磁体13旋转至水平状态，此时磁性底座8具备强磁性，可以稳定吸附磁吸真空吸附杯2，光学镜片7被磁吸真空吸附杯2和磁性底座8稳定夹持，由于托盘9上设置了环形缓冲件10，使得该夹持过程不会损坏已镀膜的光学镜片7；如图6中的(b)、(c)、(d)所示。
步骤3：打开气泵1使磁吸真空吸附杯2内处于负压环境，调节气泵1的抽气量使光学镜片7稳定地吸附在磁吸真空吸附杯2上，由于磁吸真空吸附杯2的端面处设置有柔性垫圈4，故在强力吸附下也能有效保护镜片表面的膜系；
步骤4：控制第三电机3.1通过钢丝绳18调节磁吸真空吸附杯2的高度将光学镜片7升起至预定高度，根据步骤2的测量结果选择相应尺寸的牵引镜框14，将牵引镜框14放置于与测量杆5两端的柔性绳索17相对应的位置，并将柔性绳索17固定至牵引镜框14的上端面，此时被吸附的光学镜片7近似位于牵引镜框 14的中心位置，控制第三电机3.1通过钢丝绳18调节磁吸真空吸附杯2的高度将光学镜片7放置于牵引镜框14底座的合适位置；如图6中的(e)、(f)所示。
步骤5：通过手柄11将条形磁体13旋转至竖直状态，磁性底座8失去磁性，磁力消失，将磁性底座8、托盘9、环形缓冲件10从牵引镜框14的下部开口处撤离；如图6中的(g)所示。
步骤6：关闭气泵1，使磁吸真空吸附杯2的吸力消失，将磁吸真空吸附杯2升起；如图6中的(h)所示。
步骤7：由于测量杆5两端的柔性绳索17分别固定至牵引镜框14的上端面，此时柔性绳索17起到牵引作用，通过第二电机3.3控制柔性绳索17将内置有光学镜片7的牵引镜框14缓缓放置于大镜筒16的合适位置，旋转大镜筒16两侧的螺丝15，将牵引镜框14调节至大镜筒16的中间位置并固定；如图6中的(i)、(j)所示。
步骤8：对其他光学镜片，根据其凹凸形状，选择合适的托盘9和牵引镜框14，按照上述步骤分别将各个光学镜片7放置于牵引镜框14内，放置完毕后依次放进大镜筒16内。
综上所述，本实施例基于磁气复合吸附的大口径光学镜片安装装置及方法对大口径多镜组光学镜片具备稳定、安全的吸附能力，可以克服单一吸附力时由于吸附力不稳定导致的光学镜片意外掉落等问题，避免了吸附杯与镜面接触过程中可能造成的划伤、脏污等问题，单个镜片专属的牵引镜框降低了多镜组光学镜片的后期装调难度，对于凹凸光学镜片均能实现稳定安装，能有效解决由于光学镜片重量过大、镜筒较深造成装配困难的问题。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

  1. 基于磁气复合吸附的大口径光学镜片安装装置，其特征在于，包括支架、电机、磁吸真空吸附杯、磁性底座、测量杆、柔性绳索、气泵、用于装入光学镜片的牵引镜框，所述测量杆和柔性绳索均可在电机的驱动下伸缩，所述气泵通过钢丝绳连接于与测量杆中部位置相对应的支架上，所述钢丝绳连接有用于驱动气泵上下移动的驱动机构，所述磁吸真空吸附杯通过导气管道连接于气泵下方，所述磁吸真空吸附杯的杯口处设有柔性垫圈，所述磁性底座在使用时放置于磁吸真空吸附杯的下方，磁性底座包括导磁体外壳和导磁体外壳内的空腔，所述空腔中设置有条形磁体，所述导磁体外壳上设置有用于控制所述条形磁体旋转的条形磁体旋转控制件，空腔的上下两侧设置有隔磁件，磁性底座上安装有可更换的托盘，托盘表面设置有环形缓冲件。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于磁气复合吸附的大口径光学镜片安装装置，其特征在于，所述支架为可前后移动的龙门架。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的基于磁气复合吸附的大口径光学镜片安装装置，其特征在于，所述磁吸真空吸附杯为铸铁材料，其直径小于光学镜片的口径；所述托盘为柔性材料。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的基于磁气复合吸附的大口径光学镜片安装装置，其特征在于，所述磁吸真空吸附杯的内部为锥形中空通道，通道直径较大的一端为吸附端，所述柔性垫圈设置于所述吸附端处。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的基于磁气复合吸附的大口径光学镜片安装装置，其特征在于，所述磁吸真空吸附杯和气泵之间还连有钢丝绳，所述导气管道采用可伸缩的强塑波纹管。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的基于磁气复合吸附的大口径光学镜片安装装置，其特征在于，所述测量杆上设有刻度，用于标记光学镜片和牵引镜框的直径。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的基于磁气复合吸附的大口径光学镜片安装装置，其特征在于，所述隔磁件为铜板。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的基于磁气复合吸附的大口径光学镜片安装装置，其特征在于，所述电机包括第一电机、第二电机，所述第一电机、第二电机均固定安装于支架上；
    所述测量杆包括左侧伸缩杆和右侧伸缩杆，所述第一电机的输出端连接有齿轮，所述左侧伸缩杆在一侧与所述齿轮啮合，所述右侧伸缩杆在相对一侧与所述齿轮啮合，所述测量杆在第一电机的驱动下横向伸缩；
    所述左侧伸缩杆和右侧伸缩杆的两端均安装有定滑轮，所述柔性绳索的中部安装于第二电机上，其一端依次经右侧伸缩杆的左侧定滑轮和右侧定滑轮从右侧伸缩杆的右端垂下，另 一端依次经左侧伸缩杆的右侧定滑轮和左侧定滑轮从左侧伸缩杆的左端垂下，所述柔性绳索在第二电机的驱动下沿测量杆的端部伸出或收回。
  9. 基于磁气复合吸附的大口径光学镜片安装方法，其特征在于，所述方法基于权利要求1-8任意一项所述的装置，所述方法包括如下步骤：
    步骤1：根据光学镜片的凹凸形状，选择合适的托盘安装于磁性底座上，将光学镜片同心放置在托盘上，托盘与光学镜片之间由环形缓冲件隔开，通过条形磁体旋转控制件将条形磁体旋转至竖直状态，此时磁性底座不具备磁性；
    步骤2：调节测量杆的伸缩使其两端的柔性绳索贴合光学镜片的两侧，此时测量杆的读数等于光学镜片的直径，且磁吸真空吸附杯位于光学镜片的中心位置，控制磁吸真空吸附杯下降至光学镜片的中心表面，通过条形磁体旋转控制件将条形磁体旋转至水平状态，此时磁性底座具备强磁性，可以稳定吸附磁吸真空吸附杯，光学镜片被磁吸真空吸附杯和磁性底座稳定夹持；
    步骤3：打开气泵使磁吸真空吸附杯内处于负压环境，调节气泵抽气量使光学镜片稳定地吸附在磁吸真空吸附杯上；
    步骤4：调节磁吸真空吸附杯的高度将光学镜片升起至预定高度，根据步骤2的测量结果选择相应尺寸的牵引镜框，将牵引镜框放置于与测量杆两端柔性绳索相对应的位置，并将柔性绳索固定至牵引镜框上，此时被吸附的光学镜片位于牵引镜框的中心位置，调节磁吸真空吸附杯的高度将光学镜片放置于牵引镜框底座的合适位置；
    步骤5：通过条形磁体旋转控制件将条形磁体旋转至竖直状态，磁性底座失去磁性，将磁性底座、托盘、环形缓冲件从牵引镜框的下部开口处撤离；
    步骤6：关闭气泵，使磁吸真空吸附杯的吸力消失，将磁吸真空吸附杯升起；
    步骤7：通过柔性绳索将内置有光学镜片的牵引镜框放置于大镜筒的合适位置，旋转大镜筒两侧螺丝，将牵引镜框调节至大镜筒的中间位置并固定；
    步骤8：对其他光学镜片，重复依次按照步骤1-7将光学镜片放置于大镜筒内。
PCT/CN2022/126296 2022-06-08 2022-10-20 基于磁气复合吸附的大口径光学镜片安装装置及方法 WO2023236409A1 (zh)

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