WO2023236325A1

WO2023236325A1 - Special solar vacuum water jacket heating furnace for oil field and crude oil heating method

Info

Publication number: WO2023236325A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/107592
Authority: WO
Inventors: 刘效洲; 梁浩; 何启宏
Original assignee: 广东工业大学
Priority date: 2022-06-09
Filing date: 2022-07-25
Publication date: 2023-12-14
Also published as: CN115264950A

Abstract

A special solar vacuum water jacket heating furnace for an oil field, comprising a vacuum heating system and a water jacket furnace heating system. The vacuum heating system comprises a steam generator (11), a vacuum heater (12), and an ejector (13), the vacuum heater (12) and the ejector (13) being communicated with each other; the water jacket furnace heating system comprises a water jacket furnace (21), a burner (22), a flue gas chamber (23), an oil coil pipe (24), and a chimney (25); the flue gas chamber (23) and the oil coil pipe (24) are arranged in the water jacket furnace (21), and an inlet and an outlet of the flue gas chamber (23) are respectively connected to the burner (22) and the chimney (25) by means of a flue gas pipe (27); the vacuum heater (12) is provided with a crude oil inlet and a crude oil outlet; the crude oil outlet is connected to an inlet of the oil coil pipe (24); the steam generator (11) is connected to the chimney (25) and absorbs flue gas exhaust heat of the chimney (25); the steam generator (11) is provided with a first output port; and the first output port is connected to the ejector (13). The apparatus is high in energy utilization rate, energy-saving, and environmentally-friendly. Crude oil is heated by using the heating furnace.

Description

A special solar vacuum water jacket heating furnace and crude oil heating method for oil fields

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil well production, specifically a solar vacuum water jacket heating furnace and a crude oil heating method special for oil fields.

Background technique

At present, most oilfield water jacket heating furnaces use natural gas as fuel. Natural gas has the advantages of high calorific value and good environmental protection, and has been widely used. However, natural gas prices have become increasingly expensive in recent years, resulting in high operating costs for water jacket heating furnaces.

In addition, the current traditional water jacket furnace has a simple structure. The structure of the traditional water jacket furnace is detailed in Figure 1 of the instruction manual. The traditional water jacket furnace structure is to burn natural gas through the burner to form a high-temperature flame. After passing through the smoke pipe and smoke chamber, heat is given to the hot water in the water jacket furnace and the hot water is heated to 95°C. At the same time, the 20°C cold oil with a moisture content of 90% passes through the U-shaped tube and is heated to 80°C by the 95°C hot water outside the U-shaped tube and then discharged from the water jacket furnace. The water content of the hot oil is still 90% without any concentration. effect. A large amount of heat is also required in subsequent processes to evaporate water and concentrate it to form crude oil. Due to the small smoke tube and smoke area, the current thermal efficiency of traditional water jacket furnaces is low, and the exhaust gas temperature is as high as 550°C or more. This leads to huge fuel consumption and needs to be solved urgently.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problems of high energy consumption and no concentration effect of the water jacket furnace proposed by the above background technology, this solution provides a solar vacuum water jacket heating furnace dedicated for oil fields, which can effectively improve the thermal efficiency of the crude oil heating furnace and the comprehensive energy utilization efficiency of the entire system. .

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a solar vacuum water jacket heating furnace dedicated for oil fields, including a vacuum heating system and a water jacket furnace heating system; the vacuum heating system includes a steam generator, a vacuum heater and an ejector , the vacuum heater and the ejector are connected to each other; the water jacket furnace heating system includes a water jacket furnace, a burner, a smoke chamber, an oil coil and a chimney, and the smoke chamber and oil coil are arranged in the water jacket Inside the furnace, the inlet and outlet of the smoke chamber are connected to the burner and the chimney respectively; the vacuum heater is provided with a crude oil inlet and a crude oil outlet, and the crude oil outlet is connected to the inlet of the oil coil, and the steam The generator is connected to the chimney and absorbs the exhaust heat of the chimney. The steam generator is provided with a first output port, and the first output port is connected to the ejector through a pipe. The steam generator generates The steam is input into the ejector through the first output port, and the ejector generates a suction effect to continuously extract the water vapor in the vacuum heater, thereby forming a vacuum in the vacuum heater. Since the vacuum heater is in a vacuum state, the vacuum heater The boiling point of the liquid will be lowered, so that the moisture contained in the crude oil in the vacuum heater can evaporate into water vapor at a lower temperature, and be discharged through the suction action of the ejector.

Furthermore, a post-ignition burner is provided on the steam generator to further provide energy to the vacuum system.

Further, the vacuum heating system also includes a heat exchanger and a heating water jacket. The heat exchanger is provided with an air inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe, a water inlet pipe and a drainage pipe. The vacuum heater is placed on the heating pipe. Heating is performed in the water jacket, the steam generator is provided with a second output port, the second output port is connected to the air inlet pipe through a pipe, the exhaust pipe is connected to the chimney, and the drainage pipe is connected through a pipe At the water inlet of the heating water jacket, the heat exchanger uses the flue gas heat absorbed by the steam generator to generate hot water, which enters the heating water jacket to heat the crude oil in the vacuum heater. Wherein, the water outlet of the heating water jacket is connected to the water inlet pipe through a pipeline to realize water circulation, environmental protection and energy saving.

Furthermore, the heating water jacket is also provided with a water replenishing port.

Furthermore, the vacuum heating system further includes an induced draft fan, which is disposed between the second output port and the air inlet pipe. The induced draft fan sends high-temperature exhaust smoke into the evaporator to recover waste heat. .

Further, a three-way valve is installed on the drainage pipe, the first outlet of the three-way valve is connected to the water inlet of the heating water jacket, and the second outlet of the three-way valve is connected to the steam generator to facilitate the installation. The steam generator replenishes water, making the entire system more environmentally friendly and energy-saving.

Furthermore, an exhaust valve is installed on the chimney to facilitate control of smoke exhaust.

Further, a solar heating system is included. The solar heating system includes a solar blackbody boiler and a heating pipe. The heating pipe is placed in the solar blackbody boiler. The heating pipe is connected to the outlet of the oil coil. Utilize Solar energy once again heats the crude oil without consuming other energy, achieving energy conservation and emission reduction in the system.

Further, the solar heating system also includes a solar reflector. The solar blackbody boiler is provided with a small hole. The solar reflector is aligned with the small hole. The heating tube is provided with a solar heat-absorbing coating. . The solar reflector shoots sunlight from the small hole into the solar blackbody boiler. The sunlight is diffusely reflected multiple times in the solar blackbody boiler. All its energy is absorbed by the heating tube installed in the solar blackbody boiler. The temperature of the crude oil is further heated. There is no need to consume other energy, achieving energy saving and emission reduction of the system. Wherein, the solar blackbody boiler is in the shape of a cube, and the inner wall of the solar blackbody boiler is provided with a reflective layer.

Further, the solar heating system also includes a light chasing device, which is connected to and drives the movement of the solar reflector so that it can better focus light.

The invention also discloses a method for heating crude oil, which utilizes the above-mentioned solar vacuum water jacket heating furnace special for oil fields. The steps are as follows:

First, crude oil with a moisture content of 90% and a temperature of 20°C is fed into the vacuum heating system for heating. The vacuum heater and steam generator absorb the exhaust heat of about 550°C from the chimney and generate 10 kilograms of steam that enters the jet The ejector produces a suction effect, continuously pumping the water vapor in the vacuum heater into the sewage pool, forming a vacuum state in the vacuum heater, and reducing the boiling point of the liquid in the vacuum heater; the heat exchanger absorbs the steam generator and The heat of the chimney generates 90°C hot water that enters the heating water jacket to heat the crude oil in the vacuum heater, causing the water in the crude oil to evaporate into water vapor and enters the sewage pool through the ejector. The 90°C hot water enters the heating water jacket. After releasing heat, it cools to 75°C and then flows back to the heat exchanger. The crude oil with a moisture content of 90% and a temperature of 20°C is heated and concentrated in the vacuum heater into crude oil with a moisture content of 60% and a temperature of 70°C; Then, the crude oil with a moisture content of 60% and a temperature of 70°C is fed into the water jacket furnace heating system for further heating. The crude oil with a moisture content of 60% and a temperature of 70°C passes through the oil coil and is heated in the water jacket furnace to After 85°C, it flows out of the water jacket furnace and enters the solar heating system to be further heated. The crude oil with a moisture content of 60% and a temperature of 85°C enters the solar blackbody boiler and is further heated to 95°C by solar energy without consuming natural gas, which improves the overall efficiency of the process. The comprehensive energy utilization efficiency of the system.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The vacuum heating system of the present invention uses the vacuum method to remove moisture from crude oil while heating it, without consuming natural gas and significantly reducing energy consumption.

2. The solar heating system of the present invention uses a blackbody solar heating furnace to further heat the crude oil temperature from 85°C to 95°C by solar energy without consuming other energy, thus achieving energy conservation and emission reduction of the system.

3. The present invention adopts a multi-stage waste heat recovery method, uses the waste heat of the flue gas of the water jacket furnace to generate steam and hot water, and uses a solar blackbody boiler to heat crude oil. It has high energy utilization rate, energy saving and environmental protection.

4. The injector of the present invention (using the principle of suction and ejection) uses high-pressure steam generated by waste heat to generate vacuum without consuming natural gas and has low energy consumption.

5. The present invention uses high-temperature hot water generated by the waste heat of the chimney to provide a heat source for the vacuum heater without consuming natural gas and has low energy consumption.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a structural principle block diagram of a traditional water jacket furnace;

Figure 2 is a structural principle block diagram of the solar vacuum water jacket heating furnace for oil fields of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is worth noting that these specific embodiments are only representative specific embodiments of the present invention, and the specific methods, devices, conditions, materials, etc. exemplified are not intended to limit the present invention or the corresponding specific embodiments. For this reason, each device in the figure is only used to express its relative position and is not drawn according to its actual proportion, so it will be explained first.

As shown in Figure 2, a solar vacuum water jacket heating furnace dedicated to oil fields includes a vacuum heating system and a water jacket furnace heating system; the vacuum heating system includes a steam generator 11, a vacuum heater 12, an ejector 13 and a sewage pool. 16. The upper end of the vacuum heater 12 is open, the ejector 13 is placed above the vacuum heater 12, and the vacuum heater 12 and the ejector 13 are connected to each other; the water jacket furnace heating system includes water Jacket furnace 21, burner 22, smoke chamber 23, smoke tube 27, oil coil 24 and chimney 25. The smoke chamber 23 and oil coil 24 are arranged inside the water jacket furnace 21. The smoke chamber 23 The inlet and outlet are respectively connected to the burner 22 and the chimney 25 through a smoke pipe 27; the vacuum heater 12 is provided with a crude oil inlet and a crude oil outlet, and the crude oil outlet is connected to the inlet of the oil coil 24, and the steam The generator 11 is connected to the chimney 25 and absorbs the exhaust heat of the chimney 25. The steam generator 11 is provided with a first output port, and the first output port is connected to the injector 13 through a pipe. The steam generated by the steam generator 11 is input into the ejector 13 through the first output port. The ejector 13 generates a suction effect to continuously extract the water vapor in the vacuum heater 12 and discharge it into the sewage pool 16, so that the vacuum heater 12 A vacuum is formed in the vacuum heater 12. Since the vacuum heater 12 is in a vacuum state, the boiling point of the liquid in the vacuum heater 12 will be lowered, so that the moisture contained in the crude oil in the vacuum heater 12 can evaporate into water vapor at a lower temperature and pass through the ejector. The suction action of 13 is discharged.

Further, the vacuum heating system also includes a heat exchanger 14 and a heating water jacket 15. The heat exchanger 14 is provided with an air inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe, a water inlet pipe and a drainage pipe. The vacuum heater 12 is provided with Heating is performed in the heating water jacket 15, the steam generator 11 is provided with a second output port, the second output port is connected to the air inlet pipe through a pipeline, and the exhaust pipe is connected to the chimney 25, The drain pipe is connected to the water inlet of the heating water jacket 15 through a pipeline. The heat exchanger 14 uses the heat of the steam generator to generate hot water to enter the heating water jacket to heat the crude oil in the vacuum heater 12 . Among them, the water outlet of the heating water jacket 15 is connected to the water inlet pipe through a pipeline to realize water circulation, environmental protection and energy saving.

Furthermore, the heating water jacket 15 is provided with a water replenishing port 151 .

Furthermore, the steam generator 11 may also be provided with a post-ignition burner (not shown in the figure) to further provide energy for the vacuum system.

Further, the vacuum heating system also includes an induced draft fan 17. The induced draft fan 17 is arranged between the second output port and the air inlet pipe. The high-temperature exhaust smoke is sent to the evaporator through the action of the induced draft fan 17. waste heat recovery.

Further, a three-way valve 18 is installed on the drainage pipe, the inlet of the three-way valve 18 is connected to the drainage pipe of the heat exchanger 14, and the first outlet of the three-way valve 18 is connected to the heating water jacket 15 The water inlet, the second outlet of the three-way valve 18 is connected to the steam generator 11, which facilitates water replenishment of the steam generator 11, making the entire system more environmentally friendly and energy-saving.

Furthermore, an exhaust valve 26 is installed on the chimney 25 to facilitate control of smoke exhaust.

Further, a solar heating system is included. The solar heating system includes a solar blackbody boiler 31 and a heating pipe 32. The heating pipe 32 is placed in the solar blackbody boiler 31. The heating pipe 32 is connected to the oil pan. The outlet of the pipe 24 uses solar energy to heat the crude oil again without consuming other energy, thus realizing energy saving and emission reduction of the system.

Further, the solar heating system also includes a solar reflector 34. The solar blackbody boiler is provided with a small hole 33. The solar reflector 34 is aligned with the small hole 33. The heating tube 32 is provided with a Solar heat absorbing coating. The solar reflector 34 injects sunlight from a small hole into the solar blackbody boiler 31. The sunlight undergoes multiple diffuse reflections in the solar blackbody boiler 31, and all its energy is absorbed by the heating tube 32 installed in the solar blackbody boiler 31. The crude oil temperature is further heated without consuming other energy, achieving energy saving and emission reduction of the system. Wherein, the solar blackbody boiler 31 is in the shape of a cube, and the inner wall of the solar blackbody boiler 31 is provided with a reflective layer.

The invention has the following characteristics:

1. The present invention adopts a multi-stage waste heat recovery method: it uses the waste heat of the flue gas of the water jacket furnace to generate 10 kilograms of steam and 90°C hot water. At the same time, it uses a solar blackbody boiler to heat crude oil. It has high energy utilization rate, energy saving and environmental protection.

2. The present invention uses a vacuum method to remove moisture from crude oil while heating it: using the suction effect of 10 kilograms of steam to generate a vacuum in a vacuum heater, using 90°C hot water to boil and heat the crude oil, and removing the moisture while heating. Remove part of the water and save a lot of energy for the subsequent dehydration process.

3. The present invention adopts a black body type solar heating furnace. Several small holes are opened in the upper part of the furnace body. The sunlight is injected into the solar heating furnace from the small holes through the solar reflector that can rotate and move. The sunlight is in the square solar heating furnace. After multiple diffuse reflections, all its energy is absorbed by the crude oil heating pipes installed on the front and rear walls and bottom of the solar heating furnace. The temperature of the crude oil is further heated from 85°C to 95°C by solar energy without consuming other energy, achieving energy saving and reduction of the system. Row.

4. The injector of the present invention (using the principle of suction and ejection) uses high-pressure steam generated by waste heat to generate vacuum without consuming natural gas.

5. The present invention uses high-temperature hot water generated by waste heat to provide a heat source for the vacuum heater without consuming natural gas.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of the present invention. That is, all simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the patent scope of the present invention and the description of the invention are still applicable. It is within the scope covered by the patent of this invention.

Claims

A special solar vacuum water jacket heating furnace for oil fields, which is characterized in that it includes a vacuum heating system and a water jacket furnace heating system; the vacuum heating system includes a steam generator, a vacuum heater and an ejector, and the vacuum heater and the ejector The water jacket furnace heating system includes a water jacket furnace, a burner, a smoke chamber, an oil coil and a chimney. The smoke chamber and the oil coil are arranged inside the water jacket furnace. The smoke chamber is The inlet and outlet are connected to the burner and the chimney respectively; the vacuum heater is provided with a crude oil inlet and a crude oil outlet, the crude oil outlet is connected to the inlet of the oil coil, and the steam generator is connected to the chimney and absorbs To determine the exhaust heat of the chimney, the steam generator is provided with a first output port, and the first output port is connected to the ejector.
A special solar vacuum water jacket heating furnace for oil fields according to claim 1, characterized in that the vacuum heating system further includes a heat exchanger and a heating water jacket, and the heat exchanger is provided with an air inlet pipe and an exhaust pipe. An air pipe, a water inlet pipe and a drainage pipe, the vacuum heater is placed in the heating water jacket, the steam generator is provided with a second output port, and the second output port is connected to the air inlet pipe.
A special solar vacuum water jacket heating furnace for oil fields according to claim 2, characterized in that the water outlet of the heating water jacket is connected to the water inlet pipe.
A special solar vacuum water jacket heating furnace for oil fields according to claim 2, characterized in that the vacuum heating system further includes an induced draft fan, and the induced draft fan is disposed at the second output port and the air inlet pipe. between.
A special solar vacuum water jacket heating furnace for oil fields according to claim 2, characterized in that a three-way valve is installed on the drainage pipe, and the first outlet of the three-way valve is connected to the water inlet of the heating water jacket. , the second outlet of the three-way valve is connected to the steam generator.
A special solar vacuum water jacket heating furnace for oil fields according to claim 1, characterized in that an exhaust valve is installed on the chimney.
A special solar vacuum water jacket heating furnace for oil fields according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes a solar heating system, the solar heating system includes a solar blackbody boiler and a heating tube, the heating tube is placed in the In the solar blackbody boiler, the inlet of the heating pipe is connected to the outlet of the oil coil.
A special solar vacuum water jacket heating furnace for oil fields according to claim 7, characterized in that the solar heating system further includes a solar reflector, the solar blackbody boiler is provided with small holes, and the solar reflector Aiming at the small holes, a solar heat-absorbing coating is provided on the heating tube.
A special solar vacuum water jacket heating furnace for oil fields according to claim 8, characterized in that the solar blackbody boiler is in the shape of a cube, and the inner wall of the solar blackbody boiler is provided with a reflective layer.
A crude oil heating method, characterized by utilizing a solar vacuum water jacket heating furnace dedicated to oil fields according to claim 7 to perform the following steps:

First, crude oil with a moisture content of 90% and a temperature of 20°C is fed into the vacuum heating system for heating. The steam generator absorbs the exhaust heat of the chimney, generates steam, and enters the ejector, which produces a suction effect. The water vapor in the vacuum heater is continuously pumped into the sewage pool to form a vacuum state in the vacuum heater. The heat exchanger absorbs the heat from the steam generator and the chimney, and generates 90°C hot water that enters the heating water jacket to heat the vacuum heater. The crude oil in the crude oil evaporates into water vapor and is pumped out through the ejector into the sewage pool. The 90°C hot water releases heat in the heating water jacket and cools to 75°C before flowing back to the heat exchanger with a moisture content of 90 %, the crude oil with a temperature of 20°C is heated and concentrated in the vacuum heater into a crude oil with a moisture content of 60% and a temperature of 70°C; then the crude oil with a moisture content of 60% and a temperature of 70°C is transported into the water jacket The furnace heating system further heats the crude oil with a moisture content of 60% and a temperature of 70°C. It passes through the oil coil, is heated to 85°C in the water jacket furnace, flows out of the water jacket furnace, enters the solar heating system, and is further heated. Crude oil with a moisture content of 60% and a temperature of 85°C enters the solar blackbody boiler and is further heated to 95°C by solar energy.