WO2023226666A1 - 一种与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能系统及方法 - Google Patents

一种与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能系统及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023226666A1
WO2023226666A1 PCT/CN2023/090384 CN2023090384W WO2023226666A1 WO 2023226666 A1 WO2023226666 A1 WO 2023226666A1 CN 2023090384 W CN2023090384 W CN 2023090384W WO 2023226666 A1 WO2023226666 A1 WO 2023226666A1
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Prior art keywords
valve
low
pressure
heater
pressure heater
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PCT/CN2023/090384
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王妍
马汀山
吕凯
许朋江
张建元
薛朝囡
石慧
邓佳
Original Assignee
西安热工研究院有限公司
西安西热节能技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2023226666A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023226666A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
    • F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
    • F01K25/103—Carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
    • F01K3/14—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having both steam accumulator and heater, e.g. superheating accumulator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/02—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of multiple-expansion type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
    • F01K7/22—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type the turbines having inter-stage steam heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/34—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/38—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating the engines being of turbine type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/34—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/40—Use of two or more feed-water heaters in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/34—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/44—Use of steam for feed-water heating and another purpose
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of power generation technology, and specifically to a carbon dioxide energy storage system and method coupled with a coal power unit.
  • New energy power will develop significantly and rapidly in the future, requiring thermal power units to further tap their peak shaving potential on the current basis.
  • the large-scale integration of renewable energy with characteristics of volatility and intermittent into the grid has put forward higher requirements for the grid's peak shaving and valley filling, as well as safe and stable operation.
  • Building large-scale energy storage devices to improve the operational flexibility and safety of the power system is an effective way to solve the problem of high proportion of new energy consumption.
  • the compressed carbon dioxide energy storage (CCES) system using carbon dioxide as the working fluid has the advantages of safety, environmental protection, and compact system, and is considered to be an energy storage system with development potential.
  • the carbon dioxide energy storage system generates a large amount of compression heat during the compression process.
  • a supporting heat storage device is generally installed.
  • additional equipment is required. Heat sources such as afterburning devices. This results in large initial investment in energy storage systems and complex equipment systems.
  • the technical problem to be solved by this application is to overcome the shortcomings of large initial investment and complex equipment systems of energy storage systems in the prior art, thereby providing a carbon dioxide energy storage system coupled with coal power units.
  • This application also provides a carbon dioxide energy storage method coupled with coal power units.
  • this application provides a carbon dioxide energy storage power generation system coupled with coal power units, including:
  • the coal power unit device includes a boiler, and coaxially connected high-pressure cylinders, medium-pressure cylinders and low-pressure cylinders; the coal power unit device is used to drive the first generator to generate electricity; the low-pressure cylinder exhaust steam passes through the condenser, The low-pressure heater assembly and the high-pressure heater assembly enter the boiler;
  • a carbon dioxide energy storage device includes a low-pressure gas storage tank, a compressor assembly, a high-temperature side of a cooler assembly, and a high-pressure gas storage tank that are connected in sequence; the low-temperature side of the cooler assembly is connected to the low-pressure heater assembly; the The compressor assembly is powered by an electric motor;
  • the carbon dioxide energy release device includes a high-pressure gas storage tank, an expander assembly, a low-temperature side of a heater assembly, and a low-pressure gas storage tank that are connected in sequence; the high-temperature side of the heater assembly is connected to the high-pressure heater assembly; the The expander assembly is used to drive the second generator to generate electricity; the heater assembly is connected to the extraction pipelines of the high-pressure cylinder and the medium-pressure cylinder.
  • the low-pressure heater assembly includes a first low-pressure heater, a second low-pressure heater, a third low-pressure heater and a fourth low-pressure heater that are connected in sequence;
  • the high-pressure heater assembly includes a first high-pressure heater, a second high-pressure heater, and a third high-pressure heater that are connected in sequence.
  • the compressor assembly includes a first-stage compressor and a second-stage compressor;
  • the cooler assembly includes a first cooler and a second cooler;
  • the low-temperature side of the first cooler and the low-temperature side of the second cooler are connected to one end of the first main pipeline, and the other end of the first main pipeline passes through the first branch pipeline and the outlet end of the first low-pressure heater respectively.
  • the first branch pipe is provided with a first valve
  • the second branch pipe is provided with a second valve
  • the third branch pipe is provided with a third valve
  • the fourth branch pipe is provided with a fourth valve.
  • the expander assembly includes a first expander and a second expander;
  • the heater assembly includes a first heater and a second heater;
  • One end of the high-temperature side of the first heater and the high-temperature side of the second heater is connected to a certain stage of extraction of the high-pressure cylinder and the medium-pressure cylinder, and the other end is connected to the high-pressure heater assembly; specifically, the high-temperature side of the first heater and One end of the high-temperature side of the second heater is connected to the third main pipeline.
  • the other end of the third main pipeline is connected to the first-stage extraction pipeline of the intermediate-pressure cylinder through the ninth branch pipeline, and to the primary steam extraction pipeline of the intermediate-pressure cylinder through the tenth branch pipeline.
  • the secondary extraction pipeline is connected to the primary extraction pipeline of the high-pressure cylinder through the eleventh branch pipeline, and is connected to the secondary extraction pipeline of the high-pressure cylinder through the twelfth branch pipeline;
  • a ninth valve is provided on the ninth branch pipeline, a tenth valve is provided on the tenth branch pipeline, an eleventh valve is provided on the eleventh branch pipeline, and a tenth valve is provided on the twelfth branch pipeline.
  • the high-temperature side of the first heater and the other end of the high-temperature side of the second heater are connected to one end of the second main pipeline, and the other end of the second main pipeline is connected to the third branch pipeline respectively through a fifth branch pipeline.
  • the front end of a high-pressure heater is connected to the rear end of the first high-pressure heater through a sixth branch pipeline, to the rear end of the second high-pressure heater through a seventh branch pipeline, and to the rear end of the second high-pressure heater through an eighth branch pipeline.
  • the rear end of the third high-pressure heater is connected;
  • the fifth branch pipe is provided with a fifth valve
  • the sixth branch pipe is provided with a sixth valve
  • the seventh branch pipe is provided with a seventh valve door
  • an eighth valve is provided on the eighth branch pipeline.
  • Flue gas waste heat utilization device the high temperature end of the flue gas waste heat utilization device is connected to the boiler, and the two ends of the low temperature end are connected to the high temperature end of the high pressure gas storage tank and the first heater respectively.
  • the carbon dioxide capture device is arranged at the end of the flue gas waste heat utilization device; and the carbon dioxide capture device is connected to the low-pressure gas storage tank.
  • This application also provides a carbon dioxide energy storage power generation method coupled with a coal power unit, which is applied to any of the above mentioned carbon dioxide energy storage power generation systems coupled with a coal power unit, including the following steps:
  • the heating component is connected to a certain stage of extraction pipeline of the high-pressure cylinder or medium-pressure cylinder.
  • determine the return point from the condensed water at the low-temperature side outlet of the cooler assembly to the low-pressure heater assembly including the following steps:
  • the temperature of the condensate water at the low-temperature side outlets of the first cooler and the second cooler is t0;
  • the temperature of the water outlet of the first low-pressure heater is to1, the temperature of the water outlet of the second low-pressure heater is to2, the temperature of the water outlet of the third low-pressure heater is to3, and the temperature of the water outlet of the fourth low-pressure heater is to to4;
  • the first valve closes the second valve, the third valve, and the fourth valve;
  • the return point of the condensed water at the low-temperature side outlets of the first cooler and the second cooler is the outlet of the first low-pressure heater, open the first valve, Close the second valve, the third valve, and the fourth valve;
  • the return point of the condensed water at the low-temperature side outlets of the first cooler and the second cooler is the outlet of the second low-pressure heater, open the second valve, Close the first valve, the third valve, and the fourth valve;
  • the return point of the condensed water at the low-temperature side outlets of the first cooler and the second cooler is the outlet of the second low-pressure heater, open the second valve, Close the first valve, the third valve, and the fourth valve;
  • the return point of the condensed water at the low-temperature side outlets of the first cooler and the second cooler is the third low-pressure heater outlet, open the third valve, Close the first valve, the second valve, and the fourth valve;
  • the return point of the condensed water at the low-temperature side outlets of the first cooler and the second cooler is the third low-pressure heater outlet, and the third valve is opened, Close the first valve, the second valve, and the fourth valve;
  • the return point of the condensate at the low-temperature side outlets of the first cooler and the second cooler is the fourth low-pressure heater outlet, open the fourth valve, Close the first valve, the second valve, and the third valve;
  • the return point of the condensed water at the low-temperature side outlets of the first cooler and the second cooler is the outlet of the fourth low-pressure heater. Open the fourth valve, close the first valve, the second valve, and the third valve. .
  • determine the return point from the condensed water at the high-temperature side outlet of the heater assembly to the high-pressure heater assembly including the following steps:
  • the water inlet temperature of the first high-pressure heater is t11
  • the water inlet temperature of the second high-pressure heater is t12
  • the water inlet temperature of the third high-pressure heater is t13
  • the water outlet temperature of the third high-pressure heater is t14;
  • the return point is the inlet of the first high-pressure heater, open the fifth valve, close the sixth valve, the seventh valve, and the eighth valve;
  • the return point is the inlet of the first high-pressure heater, open the fifth valve, close the sixth valve, the seventh valve, and the eighth valve;
  • the return point is the inlet of the second high-pressure heater, open the sixth valve, close the fifth valve, the seventh valve, and the eighth valve;
  • the return point is the inlet of the second high-pressure heater, open the sixth valve, close the fifth valve, the seventh valve, and the eighth valve;
  • the return point is the inlet of the third high-pressure heater, open the seventh valve, close the fifth valve, the sixth valve, and the eighth valve;
  • the return point is the inlet of the third high-pressure heater, open the seventh valve, close the fifth valve, sixth valve, and eighth valve;
  • the return point is the outlet of the third high-pressure heater, open the eighth valve, close the fifth valve, the sixth valve, and the seventh valve;
  • the return point is the outlet of the third high-pressure heater, open the eighth valve, close the fifth valve, the sixth valve, and the seventh valve.
  • E steam is the power generated by the first generator; is the generated power of the second generator;
  • P steam is the shaft power of the first generator set;
  • Shaft power of the second generator set; is the mechanical efficiency of the first generating unit; is the generator efficiency of the first generator; is the mechanical efficiency of the second generating unit; is the generator efficiency of the second generator;
  • E is the external power generation;
  • the opening valve is determined.
  • the carbon dioxide energy storage power generation system coupled with the coal power unit includes: coal power unit device, carbon dioxide energy storage device and carbon dioxide energy release device; this solution couples the coal power unit with the carbon dioxide energy storage system.
  • the generator of the coal power unit in the energy storage stage, is used to drive the compressor to compress carbon dioxide for storage, converting the electric energy into carbon dioxide internal energy and storing it, effectively reducing the power of the unit on the grid during the power grid trough stage; in the energy release stage, it is driven by high-pressure carbon dioxide.
  • the work of the expander drives the generator to generate electricity, which supplements the power generated by the coal power unit and enables top-load operation during peak periods of the power grid. Effectively improve the operational flexibility of coal power units.
  • the carbon dioxide energy storage power generation system coupled with the coal power unit provided by this application can select the low temperature of the cooler component by arranging multiple valves between the condensed water at the low-temperature side outlet of the cooler component and the low-pressure heater component.
  • the condensate water from the side outlet goes to the return point of the low-pressure heater component, which is easy to control and has strong selectivity; according to the temperature of the condensate water at the low-temperature side outlet of the cooler component, it is selected to the return point of the low-pressure heater component to achieve water return.
  • Reasonable matching of temperature and coal power unit thermal system improves overall system operation efficiency.
  • the return point from the condensed water at the high-temperature side outlet of the heater assembly to the high-pressure heater assembly can be selected to facilitate control. Strong selectivity.
  • Selecting the condensate temperature at the warm side outlet to the return point of the high-pressure heater assembly can achieve a reasonable match between the return water temperature and the thermal system of the coal power unit, and improve the overall system operating efficiency.
  • the optimal heat source can be determined , and control the heat source by controlling the opening of the corresponding valve.
  • the carbon dioxide energy storage power generation system coupled with the coal power unit sets up a carbon dioxide capture device to capture the carbon dioxide in the flue gas and replenish the working fluid of the energy storage system, while reducing the carbon emissions of the coal-fired power station.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the carbon dioxide energy storage power generation system coupled with a coal power unit in this application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the carbon dioxide energy storage mode of this application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the carbon dioxide energy release mode of the present application.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • connection or integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two components.
  • connection or integral connection
  • connection or integral connection
  • connection can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection
  • it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium
  • it can be an internal connection between two components.
  • specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood on a case-by-case basis.
  • This embodiment provides a carbon dioxide energy storage power generation system coupled with a coal power unit, including: a coal power unit device, a carbon dioxide energy storage device, and a carbon dioxide energy release device;
  • the coal power unit device includes a boiler 1, and coaxially connected high-pressure cylinder 2, medium-pressure cylinder 3 and low-pressure cylinder 4; the coal power unit device is used to drive the first generator 5 to generate electricity; the exhaust steam of the low-pressure cylinder 4 passes through the condenser in sequence 6.
  • the low-pressure heater assembly and the high-pressure heater assembly enter boiler 1;
  • the carbon dioxide energy storage device includes a low-pressure gas storage tank 20, a compressor assembly, a high-temperature side of the cooler assembly, and a high-pressure gas storage tank 29 that are connected in sequence; the low-temperature side of the cooler assembly is connected to the low-pressure heater assembly; the compressor assembly Powered by electric motors;
  • the carbon dioxide energy release device includes a high-pressure gas storage tank 29, an expander assembly, a low-temperature side of the heater assembly, and a low-pressure gas storage tank 20 that are connected in sequence; the high-temperature side of the heater assembly is connected to the high-pressure heater assembly; the expander assembly It is used to drive the second generator to generate electricity; the heater assembly is connected with the extraction pipelines of the high-pressure cylinder and the medium-pressure cylinder.
  • the outlet of boiler 1 is connected to the inlet of high-pressure cylinder 2 and intermediate-pressure cylinder 3, and the outlet of intermediate-pressure cylinder 3 is connected to low-pressure cylinder 4;
  • the new steam from the outlet of boiler 1 passes through the high-pressure cylinder 2 of the turbine to do work, and then returns
  • the reheater of boiler 1 raises the temperature for a second time, it then enters the medium-pressure cylinder 3 and the low-pressure cylinder 4 to perform work, driving the first generator 5 to generate electricity;
  • the exhaust steam from the outlet of the medium-pressure cylinder 3 enters the low-pressure cylinder 4, and the exhaust steam from the low-pressure cylinder 4
  • the exhaust steam outlet passes through the condenser
  • the steam is condensed in the vaporizer 6 and flows through the condensate pump 7, the first low-pressure heater 8, the second low-pressure heater 9, the third low-pressure heater 10, the fourth low-pressure heater 11, and then passes through the deaerator 12 and the feed water pump group. 13, and then sequentially pass through the first
  • the flue gas waste heat utilization device 17 is also connected to the boiler 1; the carbon dioxide capture device 18 is set in the tail flue of the flue gas waste heat utilization device 17 to separate the carbon dioxide in the flue gas, and the separated carbon dioxide is sent to the gas storage Cave or enter the low-pressure gas storage tank 20 to replenish the leaked carbon dioxide in the energy storage system. The remaining gases are discharged through the chimney 19.
  • a pressure measuring device 22 is provided on the low-pressure gas tank 20 to detect the tank pressure. When the pressure drops, the opening of the regulating valve 21 is controlled by the control device to replenish the tank gas.
  • the carbon dioxide energy storage device and process are as follows:
  • the first-stage compressor 24 and the second-stage compressor 25 provide power; a first pressure stabilizing valve 23 is provided between the low-pressure gas storage tank 20 and the first-stage compressor 24;
  • the low-temperature side of the first cooler 26 and the low-temperature side of the second cooler 27 are connected to the low-pressure heater assembly; specifically, the low-temperature side of the first cooler 26 and the low-temperature side of the second cooler 27 are connected to the first main pipeline.
  • One end is connected, and the other end of the first main pipeline is connected to the outlet end of the first low-pressure heater 8 through the first branch pipeline, connected to the outlet end of the second low-pressure heater 9 through the second branch pipeline, and connected to the outlet end of the second low-pressure heater 9 through the third branch pipeline. It is connected with the outlet end of the third low-pressure heater 10 and connected with the outlet end of the fourth low-pressure heater 11 through the fourth branch pipe;
  • the first branch pipe is provided with a first valve 37
  • the second branch pipe is provided with a second valve 38
  • the third branch pipe is provided with a third valve 39
  • the fourth branch pipe is provided with a fourth valve 40.
  • the carbon dioxide at the outlet of the low-pressure gas storage tank 20 is stabilized by the first pressure stabilizing valve 23, it enters the first-stage compressor 24 to be compressed, and then enters the first cooler 26, which transfers the compression heat to the condensed water in the low-pressure heater assembly to cool down.
  • the final carbon dioxide then enters the secondary compressor 25 to be further compressed and boosted.
  • the carbon dioxide exiting the secondary compressor 25 enters the second cooler 27 for cooling, and then enters the high-pressure gas storage tank 29 for storage.
  • the condensed water absorbs heat and heats up through the first cooler 26 and the second cooler 27 and then returns to the low-pressure heater assembly in the coal power unit; the motor 28 is connected to the first generator 5 to drive the first-stage compressor 24 and the second-stage compressor 24.
  • Stage 25 compressor operates.
  • a second pressure stabilizing valve 30 is provided at the outlet of the high-pressure gas tank 29;
  • One end of the high-temperature side of the first heater 31 and the high-temperature side of the second heater 32 is connected to a certain stage of extraction of the high-pressure cylinder 2 and the medium-pressure cylinder 3, and the other end is connected to the high-pressure heater assembly; specifically, the first heater The high-temperature side of 31 and the high-temperature side of the second heater 32 are connected to the third main pipeline.
  • the other end of the third main pipeline is connected to the primary extraction pipeline of the medium-pressure cylinder 3 through the ninth branch pipeline.
  • the branch pipeline is connected to the secondary extraction pipeline of the medium-pressure cylinder 3, is connected to the primary extraction pipeline of the high-pressure cylinder 2 through the eleventh branch pipeline, and is connected to the primary extraction pipeline of the high-pressure cylinder 2 through the twelfth branch pipeline.
  • the secondary extraction pipeline of high-pressure cylinder 2 is connected;
  • a ninth valve 45 is provided on the ninth branch pipeline, a tenth valve 46 is provided on the tenth branch pipeline, an eleventh valve 47 is provided on the eleventh branch pipeline, and a twelfth valve 48 is provided on the twelfth branch pipeline;
  • the high-temperature side of the first heater 31 and the other end of the high-temperature side of the second heater 32 are connected to one end of the second main pipeline.
  • the other end of the second main pipeline is connected to the first high-pressure pipeline through a fifth branch pipeline.
  • the front end of the heater 14 is connected to the rear end of the first high-pressure heater 14 through a sixth branch pipe, connected to the rear end of the second high-pressure heater 15 through a seventh branch pipe, and connected to the rear end of the second high-pressure heater 15 through an eighth branch pipe. Communicated with the rear end of the third high-pressure heater 16;
  • the fifth branch pipe is provided with a fifth valve 41
  • the sixth branch pipe is provided with a sixth valve 42
  • the seventh branch pipe is provided with a seventh valve 43
  • the eighth branch pipe is provided with an eighth valve 44.
  • the carbon dioxide coming out of the outlet of the high-pressure gas storage tank 29 is adjusted by adjusting the second pressure stabilizing valve 30. It first enters the flue gas waste heat utilization device 17 located in the tail flue of the boiler 1, absorbs the waste heat of the flue gas and initially heats up, and then enters the first heater 31 The low-temperature side of the first heater 31 exchanges heat with a certain stage of extraction steam from the coal-fired generator set located on the high-temperature side of the first heater 31. It absorbs the heat of the steam to further heat up and then enters the first expander 33 to do work. The exhaust gas after doing the work then enters the third The low temperature side of the second heater 32 continues to heat up, and then enters the second expander 34 to perform work.
  • the first expander 33 and the second expander 34 jointly drive the second generator 35 to generate electricity, and the second generator is integrated into the outlet end of the first generator.
  • the exhaust gas from the outlet of the second expander 34 enters the exhaust gas cooler 36 and exchanges heat with the condensate water from the outlet of the unit's condensate water pump 7 to fully utilize the waste heat of the exhaust gas. After the exhaust gas is cooled, it enters the low-pressure gas storage tank 20 and is stored. After the condensate heats up, it returns to the low-pressure heater system of the unit.
  • This embodiment provides a carbon dioxide energy storage power generation method coupled with a coal power unit, which is applied to the carbon dioxide energy storage power generation system coupled with a coal power unit in Embodiment 1, and includes the following steps:
  • the carbon dioxide in the low-pressure gas storage tank is compressed and pressurized by the compressor assembly and then stored in the high-pressure gas storage tank.
  • the cooler assembly is used to cool the carbon dioxide at the outlet of the compressor at each stage.
  • An electric motor is used to drive the compressor assembly, and the electric motor is connected to the first generator outlet.
  • the carbon dioxide in the high-pressure gas storage tank is heated by the heater assembly and then enters the expander assembly to expand and do work to drive the second generator to generate electricity.
  • the second generator is merged into the outlet of the first generator.
  • the heating component is connected to a certain stage of extraction pipeline of the high-pressure cylinder or medium-pressure cylinder. .
  • determine the return point from the condensed water at the low-temperature side outlet of the cooler assembly to the low-pressure heater assembly including the following steps:
  • the temperature of the condensate water at the low-temperature side outlets of the first cooler and the second cooler is t0;
  • the temperature of the water outlet of the first low-pressure heater is to1, the temperature of the water outlet of the second low-pressure heater is to2, the temperature of the water outlet of the third low-pressure heater is to3, and the temperature of the water outlet of the fourth low-pressure heater is to to4;
  • the return point of the condensed water at the low-temperature side outlets of the first cooler and the second cooler is the outlet of the first low-pressure heater, open the first valve, Close the second valve, the third valve, and the fourth valve;
  • the return point of the condensed water at the low-temperature side outlets of the first cooler and the second cooler is the outlet of the second low-pressure heater, open the second valve, Close the first valve, the third valve, and the fourth valve;
  • the return point of the condensed water at the low-temperature side outlets of the first cooler and the second cooler is the outlet of the second low-pressure heater, open the second valve, Close the first valve, the third valve, and the fourth valve;
  • the return point of the condensed water at the low-temperature side outlets of the first cooler and the second cooler is the third low-pressure heater outlet, open the third valve, Close the first valve, the second valve, and the fourth valve;
  • the return point of the condensed water at the low-temperature side outlets of the first cooler and the second cooler is the third low-pressure heater outlet, and the third valve is opened, Close the first valve, the second valve, and the fourth valve;
  • the return point of the condensed water at the low-temperature side outlets of the first cooler and the second cooler is the outlet of the fourth low-pressure heater. Open the fourth valve, close the first valve, the second valve, and the third valve. .
  • determine the return point from the condensed water at the high-temperature side outlet of the heater assembly to the high-pressure heater assembly including the following steps:
  • the water inlet temperature of the first high-pressure heater is t11
  • the water inlet temperature of the second high-pressure heater is t12
  • the water inlet temperature of the third high-pressure heater is t13
  • the water outlet temperature of the third high-pressure heater is t14;
  • the return point is the inlet of the first high-pressure heater, open the fifth valve, close the sixth valve, the seventh valve, and the eighth valve;
  • the return point is the inlet of the first high-pressure heater, open the fifth valve, close the sixth valve, the seventh valve, and the eighth valve;
  • the return point is the inlet of the second high-pressure heater, open the sixth valve, close the fifth valve, the seventh valve, and the eighth valve;
  • the return point is the inlet of the second high-pressure heater, open the sixth valve, close the fifth valve, the seventh valve, and the eighth valve;
  • the return point is the inlet of the third high-pressure heater, open the seventh valve, close the fifth valve, the sixth valve, and the eighth valve;
  • the return point is the inlet of the third high-pressure heater, open the seventh valve, close the fifth valve, sixth valve, and eighth valve;
  • the return point is the outlet of the third high-pressure heater, open the eighth valve, close the fifth valve, the sixth valve, and the seventh valve;
  • the return point is the outlet of the third high-pressure heater, open the eighth valve, close the fifth valve, the sixth valve, and the seventh valve.
  • the heating steam source for the first heater 31 and the second heater 32 is taken from the extraction steam of the unit.
  • the specific extraction point is determined as follows:
  • E steam is the generated power of the coal power unit generator (i.e., the first generator 5); is the power generation of the carbon dioxide system expansion generator unit (i.e., the second generator 35);
  • P steam is the shaft power of the steam turbine generator unit of the coal power unit;
  • Shaft power of carbon dioxide expansion generator set; is the mechanical efficiency of the turbine generator unit; is the generator efficiency of the first generator; is the mechanical efficiency of the carbon dioxide expansion generator set; is the generator efficiency of the second generator.
  • P 11 and P 12 are the carbon dioxide gas pressures at the inlet and outlet of the first expander respectively;
  • P 21 and P 22 are the carbon dioxide gas pressures at the inlet and outlet of the second expander respectively.
  • the expander expansion ratio, variable process index, and carbon dioxide flow rate are basically determined.
  • the expander shaft power is related to the constant pressure specific heat capacity and the expander inlet air temperature.
  • the main factor affecting the expander shaft power is the expander inlet carbon dioxide temperature T 0 .
  • the carbon dioxide temperature at the inlet of the expander is determined by the heat exchange process between carbon dioxide and unit extraction steam in the heater.
  • the heater is a shell and tube heat exchanger. Assume that the upper end difference of the heat exchanger is ⁇ t 1 , which is defined as the difference between the saturation temperature under steam pressure and the carbon dioxide outlet temperature. The upper end difference of the heat exchanger is determined during the design and manufacturing stage.
  • T P is the saturation temperature corresponding to the extraction steam pressure.
  • h c is the enthalpy value of extraction steam
  • h s is the hydrophobic enthalpy value.
  • t s hydrophobic temperature, Ti is the i-th heater inlet carbon dioxide temperature
  • ⁇ t 2 is the heater lower end difference, which is defined as the difference between the heater steam hydrophobic temperature t s and the inlet carbon dioxide temperature Ti .
  • the optimal heat source can be determined, and the heat source can be controlled by controlling the opening of the corresponding valve.

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Abstract

本申请提供的一种与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能系统及方法，属于发电技术领域，与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能发电系统包括：煤电机组装置、二氧化碳储能装置和二氧化碳释能装置；本申请的与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能发电系统，通过煤电机组与二氧化碳储能系统的耦合，一方面提升了煤电机组的运行灵活性，另一方面提升了二氧化碳储能系统的运行效率，也避免了安装独立储能系统所需的储热装置及热源装置配置，降低了储能系统的投资，简化了设置系统。

Description

一种与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能系统及方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2022年5月25日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210580439.0、发明名称为“一种与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能系统及方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及发电技术领域，具体涉及一种与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能系统及方法。
背景技术
新能源电力未来将大幅快速发展，要求火电机组在当前基础上进一步挖掘调峰潜力。具备波动性及间歇性特点的可再生能源电能大规模并网，对电网削峰填谷、安全稳定运行水平提出了更高要求。建设大规模储能装置，提升电力系统运行灵活性及安全性，是解决新能源高比例消纳问题的有效途径。
以二氧化碳为工质的压缩二氧化碳储能(CCES)系统，具有安全、环保、系统紧凑等优势，被认为是一种具有发展潜力的储能系统。二氧化碳储能系统在压缩环节中产生大量的压缩热，为避免热量直接外排浪费，一般都设置配套的储热装置；同时在膨胀环节中，为提高膨胀机入口二氧化碳温度，还需配置额外的补燃装置等热源。导致了储能系统初投资大、设备系统复杂。
发明内容
因此，本申请要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术中的储能系统初投资大、设备系统复杂缺陷，从而提供一种与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能系统。
本申请还提供一种与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能方法。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请提供的一种与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能发电系统，包括：
煤电机组装置，包括锅炉，以及同轴连接的高压缸、中压缸和低压缸；所述煤电机组装置用于驱动第一发电机发电；所述低压缸排汽依次经过凝汽器、低压加热器组件、高压加热器组件进入到所述锅炉中；
二氧化碳储能装置，包括依次连通的低压储气罐、压缩机组件、冷却器组件的高温侧和高压储气罐；所述冷却器组件的低温侧与所述低压加热器组件连通设置；所述压缩机组件由电动机提供动力；
二氧化碳释能装置，包括依次连通的高压储气罐、膨胀机组件、加热器组件的低温侧和低压储气罐；所述加热器组件的高温侧与所述高压加热器组件连通设置；所述膨胀机组件用于驱动第二发电机发电；所述加热器组件与高压缸和中压缸的抽汽管路连通。
作为可选方案，所述低压加热器组件包括依次连通的第一低压加热器、第二低压加热器、第三低压加热器和第四低压加热器；
所述高压加热器组件包括依次连通的第一高压加热器、第二高压加热器、第三高压加热器。
作为可选方案，所述压缩机组件包括一级压缩机和二级压缩机；所述冷却器组件包括第一冷却器和第二冷却器；
所述第一冷却器的低温侧和第二冷却器的低温侧与第一总管路的一端连通，所述第一总管路的另一端分别通过第一支管路与第一低压加热器的出口端连通，通过第二支管路与第二低压加热器的出口端连通，通过第三支管路与第三低压加热器的出口端连通，通过第四支管路与第四低压加热器的出口端连通；
所述第一支管上设置有第一阀门，所述第二支管上设置有第二阀门，所述第三支管上设置有第三阀门，所述第四支管上设置有第四阀门。
作为可选方案，所述膨胀机组件包括第一膨胀机和第二膨胀机；所述加热器组件包括第一加热器和第二加热器；
第一加热器的高温侧和第二加热器的高温侧一端与高压缸和中压缸的某级抽汽连接，另一端与高压加热器组件连接；具体的，第一加热器的高温侧和第二加热器的高温侧一端与第三总管路连通，第三总管路的另一端通过第九支管路与中压缸的一级抽汽管路连通，通过第十支管路与中压缸的二级抽汽管路连通，通过第十一支管路与高压缸的一级抽汽管路连通，通过第十二支管路与高压缸的二级抽汽管路连通；
所述第九支管路上设置有第九阀门，所述第十支管路上设置有第十阀门，所述第十一支管路上设置有第十一阀门，所述第十二支管路上设置有第十二阀门；
所述第一加热器的高温侧和所述第二加热器的高温侧的另一端与第二总管路的一端连通，所述第二总管路的另一端分别通过第五支管路与所述第一高压加热器的前端连通，通过第六支管路与所述第一高压加热器的后端连通，通过第七支管路与所述第二高压加热器的后端连通，通过第八支管路与所述第三高压加热器的后端连通；
所述第五支管上设置有第五阀门，所述第六支管上设置有第六阀门，所述第七支管上设置有第七阀 门，所述第八支管路上设置有第八阀门。
作为可选方案，还包括：
烟气余热利用装置，所述烟气余热利用装置的高温端与锅炉连通，低温端的两端分别与高压储气罐和第一加热器的高温端连通。
作为可选方案，还包括：
二氧化碳捕集装置，设置在烟气余热利用装置的尾端；且所述二氧化碳捕集装置与低压储气罐连通设置。
本申请还提供一种与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能发电方法，应用于上述中任一项所述的与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能发电系统，包括以下步骤：
获取低压加热器组件出水口的温度和冷却器组件的低温侧出口的凝结水的温度；
比较低压加热器组件出水口的温度和冷却器组件的低温侧出口的凝结水的温度的大小；
根据比较结果，确定冷却器组件的低温侧出口的凝结水到低压加热器组件的回水点；
获取高压加热器组件出水口的温度和加热器组件的高温侧出口的凝结水的温度；
比较高压加热器组件出水口的温度和加热器组件的高温侧出口的凝结水的温度；
根据比较结果，确定加热器组件的高温侧出口的凝结水到高压加热器组件的回水点；
获取第一发电机和第二发电机的发电功率；
比较加热器组件与不同的抽汽管路连通时，第一发电机和第二发电机的发电功率的总和的数值；
根据比较结果，确定加热组件与高压缸或中压缸的某级抽汽管路连通。
作为可选方案，根据比较结果，确定冷却器组件的低温侧出口的凝结水到低压加热器组件的回水点，包括以下步骤：
第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的温度为t0；
第一低压加热器的出水口的温度为to1，第二低压加热器的出水口的温度为to2，第三低压加热器的出水口的温度为to3，第四低压加热器的出水口的温度为to4；
若t0＜to1，第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的回水点为第一低压加热器出口，打开 第一阀门，关闭第二阀门、第三阀门、第四阀门；
若to1＜t0＜to2且t0＜(to1+to2)/2，第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的回水点为第一低压加热器出口，打开第一阀门，关闭第二阀门、第三阀门、第四阀门；
若to1＜t0＜to2且t0＞(to1+to2)/2，第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的回水点为第二低压加热器出口，打开第二阀门，关闭第一阀门、第三阀门、第四阀门；
若to2＜t0＜to3且t0＜(to2+to3)/2，第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的回水点为第二低压加热器出口，打开第二阀门，关闭第一阀门、第三阀门、第四阀门；
若to2＜t0＜to3且t0＞(to2+to3)/2，第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的回水点为第三低压加热器出口，打开第三阀门，关闭第一阀门、第二阀门、第四阀门；
若to3＜t0＜to4且t0＜(to3+to4)/2，第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的回水点为第三低压加热器出口，打开第三阀门，关闭第一阀门、第二阀门、第四阀门；
若to3＜t0＜to4且t0＞(to3+to4)/2，第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的回水点为第四低压加热器出口，打开第四阀门，关闭第一阀门、第二阀门、第三阀门；
若t0>to4，第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的回水点为第四低压加热器出口，打开第四阀门，关闭第一阀门、第二阀门、第三阀门。
作为可选方案，根据比较结果，确定加热器组件的高温侧出口的凝结水到高压加热器组件的回水点，包括以下步骤：
第一加热器、第二加热器的高温侧出口的凝结水的温度t1；
第一高压加热器的进水口温度为t11，第二高压加热器的进水口温度为t12，第三高压加热器的进水口温度为t13，第三高压加热器的出水口温度为t14；
若t1＜t11，回水点为第一高压加热器进口，打开第五阀门，关闭第六阀门、第七阀门、第八阀门；
若t11＜t1＜t12且t1＜(t11+t12)/2，回水点为第一高压加热器进口，打开第五阀门，关闭第六阀门、第七阀门、第八阀门；
若t11＜t1＜t12且t1＞(t11+t12)/2，回水点为第二高压加热器进口，打开第六阀门，关闭第五阀门、第七阀门、第八阀门；
若t12＜t1＜t13且t1＜(t12+t13)/2，回水点为第二高压加热器进口，打开第六阀门，关闭第五阀门、第七阀门、第八阀门；
若t12＜t1＜t13且t1＞(t12+t13)/2，回水点为第三高压加热器进口，打开第七阀门，关闭第五阀门、第六阀门、第八阀门；
若t13＜t1＜t14且t1＜(t13+t14)/2，回水点为第三高压加热器进口，打开第七阀门，关闭第五阀门、第六阀门、第八阀门；
若t13＜t1＜t14且t1＞(t13+t14)/2，回水点为第三高压加热器出口，打开第八阀门，关闭第五阀门、第六阀门、第七阀门；
若t1＞t14，回水点为第三高压加热器出口，打开第八阀门，关闭第五阀门、第六阀门、第七阀门。
作为可选方案，Esteam为第一发电机的发电功率；为第二发电机的发电功率；Psteam为第一发电机组的轴功率；第二发电机组的轴功率；为第一发电机组的机械效率；为第一发电机的发电机效率；为第二发电机组的机械效率；为第二发电机的发电机效率；E为对外发电功率；
则：
通过比较开启第九阀门、第十阀门、第十一阀门和第十二阀门时，对外发电功率的数值，确定开启阀门。
本申请技术方案，具有如下优点：
1.本申请提供的与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能发电系统，包括：煤电机组装置、二氧化碳储能装置和二氧化碳释能装置；本方案通过煤电机组与二氧化碳储能系统的耦合，一方面，在储能阶段，利用煤电机组发电机驱动压缩机压缩二氧化碳进行存储，将电能转化为二氧化碳内能并存储起来，有效降低电网波谷阶段机组上网电量；在释能阶段，通过高压二氧化碳驱动膨胀机做功带动发电机发电，对煤电机组发电量进行补充，在电网波峰时段实现顶负荷运行。有效提升了煤电机组的运行灵活性。另一方面，通过煤电机组热力系统与二氧化碳储能发电系统在储能、释能阶段的热质交换，提升了二氧化碳储能系统的运行效率，也避免了安装独立储能系统所需的储热装置及热源装置配置，降低了储能系统的投资，简化了设置系统。
2.本申请提供的与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能发电系统，通过在冷却器组件的低温侧出口的凝结水和低压加热器组件之间设置有多个阀门，可以选择冷却器组件的低温侧出口的凝结水到低压加热器组件的回水点，方便控制，可选择性强；根据冷却器组件的低温侧出口的凝结水温度选择到低压加热器组件的回水点，可以实现回水温度与煤电机组热力系统的合理匹配，提升整体系统运行效率。
通过在加热器组件的高温侧出口的凝结水和高压加热器组件之间设置有多个阀门，可以选择加热器组件的高温侧出口的凝结水到高压加热器组件的回水点，方便控制，可选择性强。根据加热器组件的高 温侧出口的凝结水温度选择到高压加热器组件的回水点，可以实现回水温度与煤电机组热力系统的合理匹配，提升整体系统运行效率。
通过在加热器组件和不同的高压缸或中压缸的不同的抽汽管路之间设置阀门，对使用各级抽汽后的系统总对外输出功率进行对比寻优，即可确定最优热源，并通过控制相应阀门的开启实现对热源的控制。
3.本申请提供的与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能发电系统，通过设置二氧化碳捕集装置捕捉烟气中的二氧化碳并对储能系统进行工质补充，同时降低了燃煤电站的碳排放。
综上所述，通过煤电机组与二氧化碳储能系统的耦合，一方面提升了煤电机组的运行灵活性，另一方面提升了二氧化碳储能系统的运行效率，也避免了独立储能系统所需的储热装置及热源装置配置。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请的与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能发电系统的结构示意图。
图2为本申请的二氧化碳储能模式结构示意图。
图3为本申请的二氧化碳释能模式结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
1、锅炉；2、高压缸；3、中压缸；4、低压缸；5、第一发电机；6、凝汽器；7、凝结水泵；8、第
一低压加热器；9、第二低压加热器；10、第三低压加热器；11、第四低压加热器；12、除氧器；13、给水泵组；14、第一高压加热器；15、第二高压加热器；16、第三高压加热器；17、烟气余热利用装置；18、二氧化碳捕集装置；19、烟囱；20、低压储气罐；21、调节阀；22、压力测量装置；23、第一稳压阀；24、一级压缩机；25、二级压缩机；26、第一冷却器；27、第二冷却器；28、电动机；29、高压储气罐；30、第二稳压阀；31、第一加热器；32、第二加热器；33、第一膨胀机；34、第二膨胀机；35、第二发电机；36、尾气冷却器；37、第一阀门；38、第二阀门；39、第三阀门；40、第四阀门；41、第五阀门；42、第六阀门；43、第七阀门；44、第八阀门；45、第九阀门；46、第十阀门；47、第十一阀门；48、第十二阀门。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
此外，下面所描述的本申请不同实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能发电系统，包括：煤电机组装置、二氧化碳储能装置和二氧化碳释能装置；
煤电机组装置包括锅炉1，以及同轴连接的高压缸2、中压缸3和低压缸4；煤电机组装置用于驱动第一发电机5发电；低压缸4排汽依次经过凝汽器6、低压加热器组件、高压加热器组件进入到锅炉1中；
二氧化碳储能装置包括依次连通的低压储气罐20、压缩机组件、冷却器组件的高温侧和高压储气罐29；冷却器组件的低温侧与低压加热器组件连通设置；所述压缩机组件由电动机提供动力；
二氧化碳释能装置包括依次连通的高压储气罐29、膨胀机组件、加热器组件的低温侧和低压储气罐20；加热器组件的高温侧与高压加热器组件连通设置；所述膨胀机组件用于驱动第二发电机发电；所述加热器组件与高压缸和中压缸的抽汽管路连通。
本方案通过煤电机组与二氧化碳储能系统的耦合，一方面提升了煤电机组的运行灵活性，另一方面提升了二氧化碳储能系统的运行效率，也避免了安装独立储能系统所需的储热装置及热源装置配置，降低了储能系统的投资，简化了设置系统。
如图1所示，锅炉1的出口与高压缸2和中压缸3的进口均连通，中压缸3的出口与低压缸4连通；锅炉1出口新蒸汽经过汽轮机高压缸2做功后，返回锅炉1再热器二次提温后，再进入到中压缸3和低压缸4做功，驱动第一发电机5发电；中压缸3的出口排汽进入到低压缸4，低压缸4的排汽出口通过凝 汽器6冷凝，依次流经凝结水泵7、第一低压加热器8、第二低压加热器9、第三低压加热器10、第四低压加热器11，再经过除氧器12、给水泵组13，之后再依次经过第一高压加热器14、第二高压加热器15、第三高压加热器16后进入锅炉1吸热，完成燃煤发电机组汽水热力系统循环。
烟气余热利用装置17也与锅炉1连通设置；二氧化碳捕集装置18设置在烟气余热利用装置17的尾部烟道中，将烟气中的二氧化碳分离出来，被分离出来的二氧化碳送入到储气洞穴或进入到低压储气罐20中以对储能系统中的泄漏二氧化碳进行补充。其余的气体通过烟囱19排出。在低压储气罐20上设置压力测量装置22以检测储罐压力，当压力下降时，通过控制装置控制调节阀21开度，以对储罐气体进行补充。
如图2所示，二氧化碳储能装置及过程如下：
包括依次连接的低压储气罐20、一级压缩机24、第一冷却器26的高温侧、二级压缩机25、第二冷却器27的高温侧和高压储气罐29，通过电动机28对一级压缩机24和二级压缩机25提供动力；在低压储气罐20和一级压缩机24之间设置有第一稳压阀23；
第一冷却器26的低温侧和第二冷却器27的低温侧与低压加热器组件连通；具体的，第一冷却器26的低温侧和第二冷却器27的低温侧与第一总管路的一端连通，第一总管路的另一端分别通过第一支管路与第一低压加热器8的出口端连通，通过第二支管路与第二低压加热器9的出口端连通，通过第三支管路与第三低压加热器10的出口端连通，通过第四支管路与第四低压加热器11的出口端连通；
第一支管上设置有第一阀门37，第二支管上设置有第二阀门38，第三支管上设置有第三阀门39，第四支管上设置有第四阀门40。
低压储气罐20出口二氧化碳经第一稳压阀23稳压后，进入一级压缩机24被压缩，之后进入第一冷却器26，将压缩热传递给低压加热器组件中的凝结水，降温后的二氧化碳再进入二级压缩机25进一步被压缩升压，二级压缩机25出口二氧化碳进入第二冷却器27降温，之后进入高压储气罐29存储起来。凝结水经过第一冷却器26和第二冷却器27吸热升温后回到煤电机组装置中的低压加热器组件；电动机28与第一发电机5相接线，驱动一级压缩机24、二级压缩机25运转。
如图3所示，二氧化碳释能装置及过程：
包括依次连接的高压储气罐29、第一加热器31的低温侧、第一膨胀机33、第二加热器32的低温侧、第二膨胀机34、尾气冷却器36和低压储气罐20；高压储气罐29的出口处设置有第二稳压阀30；
第一加热器31的高温侧和第二加热器32的高温侧一端与高压缸2和中压缸3的某级抽汽连接，另一端与高压加热器组件连接；具体的，第一加热器31的高温侧和第二加热器32的高温侧一端与第三总管路连通，第三总管路的另一端通过第九支管路与中压缸3的一级抽汽管路连通，通过第十支管路与中压缸3的二级抽汽管路连通，通过第十一支管路与高压缸2的一级抽汽管路连通，通过第十二支管路与 高压缸2的二级抽汽管路连通；
第九支管路上设置有第九阀门45，第十支管路上设置有第十阀门46，第十一支管路上设置有第十一阀门47，第十二支管路上设置有第十二阀门48；
第一加热器31的高温侧和第二加热器32的高温侧的另一端与第二总管路的一端连通，所述第二总管路的另一端分别通过第五支管路与所述第一高压加热器14的前端连通，通过第六支管路与所述第一高压加热器14的后端连通，通过第七支管路与所述第二高压加热器15的后端连通，通过第八支管路与所述第三高压加热器16的后端连通；
第五支管上设置有第五阀门41，第六支管上设置有第六阀门42，第七支管上设置有第七阀门43，第八支管路上设置有第八阀门44。
高压储气罐29出口出来的二氧化碳通过调节第二稳压阀30调节，先进入到位于锅炉1尾部烟道的烟气余热利用装置17，吸收烟气余热初步升温，之后进入第一加热器31的低温侧，与位于第一加热器31的高温侧的来自燃煤发电机组的某级抽汽换热，吸收蒸汽热量进一步升温后进入第一膨胀机33做功，做功后的排气再进入第二加热器32的低温侧继续升温，之后进入第二膨胀机34做功。第一加热器31和第二加热器32的高温侧的蒸汽放热降温后，进入到高压加热器组件中。第一膨胀机33、第二膨胀机34共同驱动第二发电机35发电，第二发电机并入第一发电机出口端。第二膨胀机34出口排气进入尾气冷却器36，与来自机组凝结水泵7出口的凝结水换热，以充分利用排气余热。排气降温后进入低压储气罐20存储起来。凝结水升温后返回机组低压加热器系统。
综上所述，通过煤电机组与二氧化碳储能系统的耦合，一方面提升了煤电机组的运行灵活性，另一方面提升了二氧化碳储能系统的运行效率，也避免了独立储能系统所需的储热装置及热源装置配置。
实施例2
本实施例提供的一种与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能发电方法，应用于实施例1中的与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能发电系统中，包括以下步骤：
在二氧化碳储能阶段，低压储气罐中的二氧化碳经压缩机组件压缩加压后存储至高压储气罐中，利用冷却器组件对各级压缩机出口二氧化碳进行冷却。采用电动机驱动压缩机组件，电动机接入第一发电机出口。
获取低压加热器组件出水口的温度和冷却器组件的低温侧出口的凝结水的温度；
比较低压加热器组件出水口的温度和冷却器组件的低温侧出口的凝结水的温度的大小；
根据比较结果，确定冷却器组件的低温侧出口的凝结水到低压加热器组件的回水点；
在二氧化碳释能发电阶段，高压储气罐中的二氧化碳经加热器组件加热升温后，进入膨胀机组件膨胀做功驱动第二发电机发电，第二发电机并入第一发电机出口。
获取高压加热器组件出水口的温度和加热器组件的高温侧出口的凝结水的温度；
比较高压加热器组件出水口的温度和加热器组件的高温侧出口的凝结水的温度；
根据比较结果，确定加热器组件的高温侧出口的凝结水到高压加热器组件的回水点；
获取第一发电机和第二发电机的发电功率；
比较加热器组件与不同的抽汽管路连通时，第一发电机和第二发电机的发电功率的总和的数值；
根据比较结果，确定加热组件与高压缸或中压缸的某级抽汽管路连通。。
进一步的，根据比较结果，确定冷却器组件的低温侧出口的凝结水到低压加热器组件的回水点，包括以下步骤：
第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的温度为t0；
第一低压加热器的出水口的温度为to1，第二低压加热器的出水口的温度为to2，第三低压加热器的出水口的温度为to3，第四低压加热器的出水口的温度为to4；
若t0＜to1，第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的回水点为第一低压加热器出口，打开第一阀门，关闭第二阀门、第三阀门、第四阀门；
若to1＜t0＜to2且t0＜(to1+to2)/2，第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的回水点为第一低压加热器出口，打开第一阀门，关闭第二阀门、第三阀门、第四阀门；
若to1＜t0＜to2且t0＞(to1+to2)/2，第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的回水点为第二低压加热器出口，打开第二阀门，关闭第一阀门、第三阀门、第四阀门；
若to2＜t0＜to3且t0＜(to2+to3)/2，第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的回水点为第二低压加热器出口，打开第二阀门，关闭第一阀门、第三阀门、第四阀门；
若to2＜t0＜to3且t0＞(to2+to3)/2，第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的回水点为第三低压加热器出口，打开第三阀门，关闭第一阀门、第二阀门、第四阀门；
若to3＜t0＜to4且t0＜(to3+to4)/2，第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的回水点为第三低压加热器出口，打开第三阀门，关闭第一阀门、第二阀门、第四阀门；
若to3＜t0＜to4且t0＞(to3+to4)/2，第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的回水 点为第四低压加热器出口，打开第四阀门，关闭第一阀门、第二阀门、第三阀门；
若t0>to4，第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的回水点为第四低压加热器出口，打开第四阀门，关闭第一阀门、第二阀门、第三阀门。
进一步，根据比较结果，确定加热器组件的高温侧出口的凝结水到高压加热器组件的回水点，包括以下步骤：
第一加热器、第二加热器的高温侧出口的凝结水的温度t1；
第一高压加热器的进水口温度为t11，第二高压加热器的进水口温度为t12，第三高压加热器的进水口温度为t13，第三高压加热器的出水口温度为t14；
若t1＜t11，回水点为第一高压加热器进口，打开第五阀门，关闭第六阀门、第七阀门、第八阀门；
若t11＜t1＜t12且t1＜(t11+t12)/2，回水点为第一高压加热器进口，打开第五阀门，关闭第六阀门、第七阀门、第八阀门；
若t11＜t1＜t12且t1＞(t11+t12)/2，回水点为第二高压加热器进口，打开第六阀门，关闭第五阀门、第七阀门、第八阀门；
若t12＜t1＜t13且t1＜(t12+t13)/2，回水点为第二高压加热器进口，打开第六阀门，关闭第五阀门、第七阀门、第八阀门；
若t12＜t1＜t13且t1＞(t12+t13)/2，回水点为第三高压加热器进口，打开第七阀门，关闭第五阀门、第六阀门、第八阀门；
若t13＜t1＜t14且t1＜(t13+t14)/2，回水点为第三高压加热器进口，打开第七阀门，关闭第五阀门、第六阀门、第八阀门；
若t13＜t1＜t14且t1＞(t13+t14)/2，回水点为第三高压加热器出口，打开第八阀门，关闭第五阀门、第六阀门、第七阀门；
若t1＞t14，回水点为第三高压加热器出口，打开第八阀门，关闭第五阀门、第六阀门、第七阀门。
释能过程中第一加热器31、第二加热器32加热汽源取自机组抽汽，具体抽汽点的确定方式如下：
设膨胀环节中与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能发电系统总对外发电功率为E，则
其中，Esteam为煤电机组发电机(即第一发电机5)的发电功率；为二氧化碳系统膨胀发电机组(即第二发电机35)的发电功率；Psteam为煤电机组汽轮发电机组的轴功率；二氧化碳膨胀发电机组的轴功率；为汽轮发电机组的机械效率；为第一发电机的发电机效率；为二氧化碳膨胀发电机组的机械效率；为第二发电机的发电机效率。
为第一膨胀机的轴功率；为第二膨胀机的轴功率。

其中，m为膨胀机入口二氧化碳质量流量；h11、h12分别为第一膨胀机入口、出口二氧化碳气体焓值；h21、h22分别为第二膨胀机入口、出口二氧化碳气体焓值；cp为二氧化碳定压比热容；T0为第一膨胀机和第二膨胀机入口空气温度；T12、T22分别为第一膨胀机、第二膨胀机出口二氧化碳温度；n1、n2分别为第一膨胀机、第二膨胀机膨胀过程多变指数；β1、β2分别为第一膨胀机、第二膨胀机膨胀比，
其中，P11、P12分别为第一膨胀机入口、出口二氧化碳气体压力；P21、P22分别为第二膨胀机入口、出口二氧化碳气体压力。
在二氧化碳储能系统设计确定后，膨胀机膨胀比、多变过程指数、二氧化碳流量基本确定，膨胀机轴功率与定压比热容和膨胀机入口空气温度相关。其中，定压比热容可以表示为温度的单值函数，即Cp＝f(T)，则影响膨胀机轴功率的主要因素为膨胀机入口二氧化碳温度T0。而膨胀机入口二氧化碳温度由二氧化碳与机组抽汽在加热器当中的换热过程决定。
加热器为管壳式换热器，假设换热器上端差为Δt1，其定义为蒸汽压力下的饱含温度与二氧化碳出口温度的差值，换热器上端差在设计制造阶段即确定，
则膨胀机入口，即加热器出口二氧化碳的温度T0为
T0＝TP-Δt1
其中，TP为抽汽压力对应的饱和温度。根据上述各式可知，当抽汽热源点确定后，则Tp可以确定，在给定加热器参数下，T0可以确定，膨胀发电机组功率即可确定。
对于孤立的煤电发电机组，在边界参数一定的情况下，其功率与锅炉主蒸汽流量Q0相关，即Psteam＝g0(Q0)，而对于与二氧化碳储能循环结合的机组，由于外供部分抽汽流量相关，其功率还与外供抽汽量Q1相关，即Psteam＝g1(Q0,Q1)。
对于加热器，蒸汽换热量与二氧化碳吸热量相等，即
Q1·(hc-hs)＝m·(cp0T0-cp11T11)+m·(cp0T0-cp21T21)
其中，hc为抽汽蒸汽的焓值，hs为疏水焓值。当抽汽热源点确定后，hc即可确定，
hs＝cpsts＝cps·(Ti+Δt2)
其中，ts疏水温度，Ti为第i加热器入口二氧化碳温度，Δt2为加热器下端差，其定义为加热器蒸汽疏水温度ts和进口二氧化碳温度Ti的差值。
hs确定后，即可确定抽汽量Q1，则Psteam＝g1(Q0,Q1)也可确定。
从而耦合系统的整体总对外发电功率
即可确定。
可以知道的，从机组抽取热量越多，则膨胀机入口空气温度越高，膨胀机发电功率越高，而同时汽轮发电机组功率减少则越多。所以存在一最优抽汽热源，使得耦合系统的总对外输出功率最大。
而利用本方法，从四段抽汽开始，对使用各级抽汽后的系统总对外输出功率进行对比寻优，即可确定最优热源，并通过控制相应阀门的开启实现对热源的控制。
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本申请的保护范围之中。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能发电系统，其特征在于，包括：
    煤电机组装置，包括锅炉，以及同轴连接的高压缸、中压缸和低压缸；所述煤电机组装置用于驱动第一发电机发电；所述低压缸排汽依次经过凝汽器、低压加热器组件、高压加热器组件进入到所述锅炉中；
    二氧化碳储能装置，包括依次连通的低压储气罐、压缩机组件、冷却器组件的高温侧和高压储气罐；所述冷却器组件的低温侧与所述低压加热器组件连通设置；所述压缩机组件由电动机提供动力；
    二氧化碳释能装置，包括依次连通的高压储气罐、膨胀机组件、加热器组件的低温侧和低压储气罐；所述加热器组件的高温侧与所述高压加热器组件连通设置；所述膨胀机组件用于驱动第二发电机发电；所述加热器组件与高压缸和中压缸的抽汽管路连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能发电系统，其特征在于，所述低压加热器组件包括依次连通的第一低压加热器、第二低压加热器、第三低压加热器和第四低压加热器；
    所述高压加热器组件包括依次连通的第一高压加热器、第二高压加热器、第三高压加热器。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能发电系统，其特征在于，所述压缩机组件包括一级压缩机和二级压缩机；所述冷却器组件包括第一冷却器和第二冷却器；
    所述第一冷却器的低温侧和第二冷却器的低温侧与第一总管路的一端连通，所述第一总管路的另一端分别通过第一支管路与第一低压加热器的出口端连通，通过第二支管路与第二低压加热器的出口端连通，通过第三支管路与第三低压加热器的出口端连通，通过第四支管路与第四低压加热器的出口端连通；
    所述第一支管上设置有第一阀门，所述第二支管上设置有第二阀门，所述第三支管上设置有第三阀门，所述第四支管上设置有第四阀门。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能发电系统，其特征在于，所述膨胀机组件包括第一膨胀机和第二膨胀机；所述加热器组件包括第一加热器和第二加热器；
    第一加热器的高温侧和第二加热器的高温侧一端与高压缸和中压缸的某级抽汽连接，另一端与高压加热器组件连接；具体的，第一加热器的高温侧和第二加热器的高温侧一端与第三总管路连通，第三总管路的另一端通过第九支管路与中压缸的一级抽汽管路连通，通过第十支管路与中压缸的二级抽汽管路连通，通过第十一支管路与高压缸的一级抽汽管路连通，通过第十二支管路与高压缸的二级抽汽管路连通；
    所述第九支管路上设置有第九阀门，所述第十支管路上设置有第十阀门，所述第十一支管路上设置有第十一阀门，所述第十二支管路上设置有第十二阀门；
    所述第一加热器的高温侧和所述第二加热器的高温侧的另一端与第二总管路的一端连通，所述第二总管路的另一端分别通过第五支管路与所述第一高压加热器的前端连通，通过第六支管路与所述第一高压加热器的后端连通，通过第七支管路与所述第二高压加热器的后端连通，通过第八支管路与所述第三高压加热器的后端连通；
    所述第五支管上设置有第五阀门，所述第六支管上设置有第六阀门，所述第七支管上设置有第七阀门，所述第八支管路上设置有第八阀门。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能发电系统，其特征在于，还包括：
    烟气余热利用装置，所述烟气余热利用装置的高温端与锅炉连通，低温端的两端分别与高压储气罐和第一加热器的低温端连通。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能发电系统，其特征在于，还包括：
    二氧化碳捕集装置，设置在烟气余热利用装置的尾端；且所述二氧化碳捕集装置与低压储气罐连通设置。
  7. 一种与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能发电方法，其特征在于，应用于权利要求1-6中任一项所述的与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能发电系统，包括以下步骤：
    获取低压加热器组件出水口的温度和冷却器组件的低温侧出口的凝结水的温度；
    比较低压加热器组件出水口的温度和冷却器组件的低温侧出口的凝结水的温度的大小；
    根据比较结果，确定冷却器组件的低温侧出口的凝结水到低压加热器组件的回水点；
    获取高压加热器组件出水口的温度和加热器组件的高温侧出口的凝结水的温度；
    比较高压加热器组件出水口的温度和加热器组件的高温侧出口的凝结水的温度；
    根据比较结果，确定加热器组件的高温侧的凝结水到高压加热器组件的回水点；
    获取第一发电机和第二发电机的发电功率；
    比较加热器组件与不同的抽汽管路连通时，第一发电机和第二发电机的发电功率的总和的数值；
    根据比较结果，确定加热组件与高压缸或中压缸的某级抽汽管路连通。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能发电方法，其特征在于，根据比较结果，确定冷却器组件的低温侧出口的凝结水到低压加热器组件的回水点，包括以下步骤：
    第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的温度为t0；
    第一低压加热器的出水口的温度为to1，第二低压加热器的出水口的温度为to2，第三低压加热器的出水口的温度为to3，第四低压加热器的出水口的温度为to4；
    若t0＜to1，第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的回水点为第一低压加热器出口，打开第一阀门，关闭第二阀门、第三阀门、第四阀门；
    若to1＜t0＜to2且t0＜(to1+to2)/2，第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的回水点为第一低压加热器出口，打开第一阀门，关闭第二阀门、第三阀门、第四阀门；
    若to1＜t0＜to2且t0＞(to1+to2)/2，第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的回水点为第二低压加热器出口，打开第二阀门，关闭第一阀门、第三阀门、第四阀门；
    若to2＜t0＜to3且t0＜(to2+to3)/2，第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的回水点为第二低压加热器出口，打开第二阀门，关闭第一阀门、第三阀门、第四阀门；
    若to2＜t0＜to3且t0＞(to2+to3)/2，第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的回水点为第三低压加热器出口，打开第三阀门，关闭第一阀门、第二阀门、第四阀门；
    若to3＜t0＜to4且t0＜(to3+to4)/2，第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的回水点为第三低压加热器出口，打开第三阀门，关闭第一阀门、第二阀门、第四阀门；
    若to3＜t0＜to4且t0＞(to3+to4)/2，第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的回水点为第四低压加热器出口，打开第四阀门，关闭第一阀门、第二阀门、第三阀门；
    若t0>to4，第一冷却器、第二冷却器的低温侧出口的凝结水的回水点为第四低压加热器出口，打开第四阀门，关闭第一阀门、第二阀门、第三阀门。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能发电方法，其特征在于，根据比较结果，确定加热器组件的高温侧的凝结水到高压加热器组件的回水点，包括以下步骤：
    第一加热器、第二加热器的高温侧出口的凝结水的温度t1；
    第一高压加热器的进水口温度为t11，第二高压加热器的进水口温度为t12，第三高压加热器的进水口温度为t13，第三高压加热器的出水口温度为t14；
    若t1＜t11，回水点为第一高压加热器进口，打开第五阀门，关闭第六阀门、第七阀门、第八阀门；
    若t11＜t1＜t12且t1＜(t11+t12)/2，回水点为第一高压加热器进口，打开第五阀门，关闭第六阀门、第七阀门、第八阀门；
    若t11＜t1＜t12且t1＞(t11+t12)/2，回水点为第二高压加热器进口，打开第六阀门，关闭第五阀门、第七阀门、第八阀门；
    若t12＜t1＜t13且t1＜(t12+t13)/2，回水点为第二高压加热器进口，打开第六阀门，关闭第五阀门、第七阀门、第八阀门；
    若t12＜t1＜t13且t1＞(t12+t13)/2，回水点为第三高压加热器进口，打开第七阀门，关闭第五阀门、第六阀门、第八阀门；
    若t13＜t1＜t14且t1＜(t13+t14)/2，回水点为第三高压加热器进口，打开第七阀门，关闭第五阀门、第六阀门、第八阀门；
    若t13＜t1＜t14且t1＞(t13+t14)/2，回水点为第三高压加热器出口，打开第八阀门，关闭第五阀门、第六阀门、第七阀门；
    若t1＞t14，回水点为第三高压加热器出口，打开第八阀门，关闭第五阀门、第六阀门、第七阀门。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的与煤电机组耦合的二氧化碳储能发电方法，其特征在于，
    Esteam为第一发电机的发电功率；为第二发电机的发电功率；Psteam为第一发电机组的轴功率；第二发电机组的轴功率；为第一发电机组的机械效率；为第一发电机的发电机效率；为第二发电机组的机械效率；为第二发电机的发电机效率；E为对外发电功率；
    则：
    通过比较开启第九阀门、第十阀门、第十一阀门和第十二阀门时，对外发电功率的数值，确定开启阀门。
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