WO2023226528A1 - Surface sélective en fréquence pour une antenne et système d'antenne - Google Patents

Surface sélective en fréquence pour une antenne et système d'antenne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023226528A1
WO2023226528A1 PCT/CN2023/080996 CN2023080996W WO2023226528A1 WO 2023226528 A1 WO2023226528 A1 WO 2023226528A1 CN 2023080996 W CN2023080996 W CN 2023080996W WO 2023226528 A1 WO2023226528 A1 WO 2023226528A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
frequency selection
conductive pattern
frequency
phase shift
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PCT/CN2023/080996
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张茜茜
孙静
Original Assignee
普罗斯通信技术（苏州）有限公司
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Publication of WO2023226528A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023226528A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
    • H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
    • H01Q15/002—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective said selective devices being reconfigurable or tunable, e.g. using switches or diodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
    • H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
    • H01Q15/0026—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective said selective devices having a stacked geometry or having multiple layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of communications, and more specifically to a frequency selective surface for an antenna and an antenna system having the frequency selective surface.
  • 5G sites are mainly implemented by adding 5G antennas and equipment to original 4G site resources, so multi-frequency base station antennas have become mainstream.
  • the active and passive integrated base station antennas integrating 4G and 5G have more advantages in space size, wind load, and management. They are widely accepted and used in the 5G base station deployment process and are an important factor in the future evolution of base station antennas. direction. At this point, frequency selective surfaces become an important choice.
  • Traditional frequency selective surfaces can reflect electromagnetic waves in a certain frequency band and transmit electromagnetic waves in another frequency band. In this way, radiating units of different frequency bands can be distributed on the same side of the reflector or on both sides of the reflector, which improves the flexibility of antenna deployment and saves base station resources.
  • the electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiating unit in a certain working frequency band will not only be affected by the radiating units in other working frequency bands, but also by the components of each part of the antenna. effects, and frequency selective surfaces generally do not allow adjustment of the wavefront or beamwidth or direction.
  • a frequency selective surface for an antenna the frequency selective surface includes:
  • a first group of frequency selection units each first frequency selection unit in the first group of frequency selection units
  • the selection unit includes a first conductive pattern
  • a second group of frequency selection units each second frequency selection unit in the second group of frequency selection units includes a second conductive pattern, wherein the first conductive pattern and the second conductive pattern are different.
  • the frequency selective surface for antenna since the first conductive pattern and the second conductive pattern are different, it is possible to achieve optimal adjustment of the outgoing wave by means of the frequency selective surface for antenna. Effect.
  • the shape of the first conductive pattern is associated with a first phase shift
  • the shape of the second conductive pattern is associated with a second phase shift
  • the first phase shift is different from the second phase shift.
  • the first group of frequency selection units is disposed in the middle of the frequency selection surface and the second group of frequency selection units is disposed on the first group of frequency selection surfaces. Both sides of the unit, and wherein the first phase shift is smaller than the second phase shift or the first phase shift is larger than the second phase shift.
  • the first group of frequency selection units is located in one row or column, and the second group of frequency selection units is located in another row or column. In this way, the directivity of the outgoing wave can be further optimized.
  • the frequency selection surface further includes a third group of frequency selection units, and each third frequency selection unit in the third group of frequency selection units includes a third A conductive pattern, wherein the third conductive pattern is different from both the first conductive pattern and the second conductive pattern.
  • the first conductive pattern, the second conductive pattern and the third conductive pattern are all different, the first phase shift formed by the first conductive pattern, the first phase shift formed by the second conductive pattern
  • the second phase shift formed by the conductive pattern and the third phase shift formed by the third conductive pattern are different, so that different phase shifts can be introduced into the electromagnetic waves passing through the corresponding conductive pattern, thereby achieving the purpose of using
  • the frequency selection surface of the antenna achieves the effect of optimal adjustment of the outgoing wave.
  • the third conductive pattern A shape is associated with a third phase shift, and wherein the third phase shift is different from both the first phase shift and the second phase shift.
  • the third conductive pattern is different from the first conductive pattern and the second conductive pattern, the first phase shift formed by the first conductive pattern is caused by the first phase shift.
  • the second phase shift formed by the two conductive patterns and the third phase shift formed by the third conductive pattern are both different, so that different phase shifts can be introduced into the electromagnetic waves passing through the corresponding conductive patterns, thereby achieving the goal of using
  • the frequency selection surface of the antenna achieves the effect of optimal adjustment of the outgoing wave.
  • the frequency selection surface further includes a parasitic unit, and the parasitic unit is disposed at an edge of the frequency selection surface.
  • the parasitic unit is used to optimize the pattern of the radiation unit that is deteriorated by the side column environment, thereby effectively improving the radiation pattern of the multi-frequency base station antenna.
  • the parasitic unit is configured as a square metal sheet.
  • the frequency selective surface further includes a metal layer, the metal layer is provided with a plurality of hollow areas, and wherein the first conductive pattern and the second conductive pattern are respectively Set in the hollow area. More preferably, in an embodiment according to the present disclosure, the distance between the first conductive pattern and the ground layer is a first pitch and the distance between the second conductive pattern and the metal layer is a first pitch. Two spacings, and wherein the first spacing and the second spacing are not equal.
  • the first conductive pattern or the second conductive pattern includes at least two metal patches, and wherein there is a metal patch between the at least two metal patches. gap.
  • one of the at least two metal patches is provided with a groove and the other is provided with a protrusion, the protrusion is at least partially located in the groove Inside. More preferably, in an embodiment according to the present disclosure, the number of the metal patches is 4, and the shape of each metal patch is the same.
  • the number of the second group of frequency selection units is twice the number of the first group of frequency selection units, and wherein, the The first group of frequency selection units is located between a pair of said second group of frequency selection units.
  • a second aspect of the present disclosure provides an antenna system, the antenna system includes: a first antenna, a second antenna, and a frequency selective surface proposed according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, wherein, The first antenna and the second antenna are respectively disposed on both sides of the frequency selection surface.
  • the first antenna and the second antenna are respectively constructed as independent structures.
  • the antenna system further includes a radome of a first antenna and a radome of a second antenna, and the radome of the first antenna and the second antenna The radomes are respectively configured to protect the first antenna and the second antenna, wherein the radome of the first antenna and the radome of the second antenna include mounting and fixing structures that are adapted to each other.
  • the frequency selective surface is provided in a radome of the first antenna or a radome of the second antenna.
  • the first antenna is configured as a 5G antenna
  • the second antenna is configured as a non-5G antenna.
  • the antenna system further includes a bracket configured to support the frequency selective surface, and wherein, for providing the first antenna or the second The feed cable feeding the antenna is routed along the bracket. Further preferably, in an embodiment according to the present disclosure, the feed cable used to feed the first antenna or the second antenna is routed along the ground grid line of the frequency selection surface. .
  • the first conductive pattern and the second conductive pattern are different, different phase shifts can be introduced into the electromagnetic waves passing through the corresponding conductive patterns, thereby achieving The effect of optimal adjustment of the outgoing waves is achieved by means of frequency selection surfaces for the antenna.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a frequency selective surface for an antenna in accordance with the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a frequency selective surface 200 for an antenna according to the present disclosure
  • 3A shows a schematic structural diagram of a frequency selective surface 300A for an antenna according to one embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 3B illustrates frequency selection for an antenna in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 3C shows a schematic structural diagram of a frequency selective surface 300C for an antenna according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 3D shows a schematic structural diagram of a frequency selective surface 300D for an antenna according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a frequency selective surface 400 for an antenna according to another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5A shows an assembly diagram of an active and passive integrated antenna system 500 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 5B shows an exploded schematic diagram of the antenna system 500 shown in Figure 5A.
  • FIG. 5C shows a schematic wiring diagram of the feed cable 41 of the radiating unit 4 in FIG. 5B .
  • the wavefront of the incident wave in the traditional antenna generally cannot be adjusted through the frequency selection surface, which makes the radiation pattern of the antenna less than ideal.
  • the inventor of the present disclosure innovatively thought of changing the frequency
  • the structure of the surface, that is, the conductive pattern is selected to achieve optimal adjustment of the outgoing wave.
  • the present disclosure provides a new type of frequency selection surface (Frequency Selection Surface: FSS).
  • FSS Frequency Selection Surface
  • the panel containing the frequency selection surface has the function of selecting the frequency of the traditional frequency selection surface, that is, in the working frequency band of a certain radiating unit.
  • the passband which has almost no impact on the radiation performance of the radiating unit, and is nearly equivalent to a layer of air; while within the working frequency band of the other radiating unit is the stopband, and the reflectivity of the radiation signal of the radiating unit is close to 100 %, nearly equivalent to a continuous metal surface.
  • the frequency selective surface according to the present disclosure also has the function of regulating the emitted wave. This function is mainly realized by modifying the conductive patterns of specific units of part of the frequency selective surface, so that the specific units of the modified frequency selective surface are introduced. Different phase shifts achieve the effect of regulating the outgoing wave.
  • the side column environment of multi-frequency base station antennas is usually complex, including supports, cables, metal support frames, etc.
  • the side column pattern is seriously deteriorated.
  • the inventors based on the present disclosure also creatively thought of additionally adding a column of parasitic units on both sides of the frequency selection surface based on the present disclosure to optimize the pattern of the radiation unit that is deteriorated by the side column environment. , thereby effectively improving the radiation pattern of the multi-frequency base station antenna.
  • the influence of the conductive pattern on the electromagnetic wave pattern will first be introduced before introducing the frequency selective surface for antennas according to the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a frequency selective surface for an antenna in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • the beam width or beam direction can be adjusted.
  • the conductive patterns 110, 120, and 130 are used to refer to different conductive patterns. Among them, the conductive pattern 110 delays the phase of the signal by 0 degrees, the conductive pattern 120 delays the phase of the signal by ⁇ , and the conductive pattern 130 delays the phase of the signal by 2 ⁇ .
  • the beam width or beam direction of the outgoing wave is regulated.
  • the inventor of the present disclosure can transform the conductive patterns of each unit in the traditional frequency selective surface, so that the conductive patterns of each unit of the frequency selective surface at different positions can introduce desired Phase shift to achieve beam control.
  • the phase shift is the phase of the signal on the propagation path after passing through the frequency selection surface and the The difference in phase before the frequency selection surface.
  • the phase shift is less than zero, it indicates phase delay; when the phase shift is greater than zero, it indicates phase advance.
  • the working principle of this frequency selective surface is shown in Figure 1 above.
  • Each unit of each frequency selective surface in the figure has a different structure, that is, a different conductive pattern.
  • Such different structures also produce different phase shifts for incident waves, so the transmission
  • the beam of the outgoing wave passing through the frequency selective surface is shifted relative to the incident wave.
  • the actual incident wave is not necessarily an ideal plane wave, but by adjusting the conductive pattern of each unit of each frequency-selective surface, each unit of the frequency-selective surface produces different phase shifts, and the effect of controlling the beam width and direction can still be achieved.
  • the frequency selection function of the frequency selection surface does not disappear. That is, it is equivalent to a metal plate for a certain frequency band, reflecting all its signals; at the same time, it is equivalent to a transparent plate for another frequency band, that is, it does not have any impact on the signal of the other frequency band.
  • this disclosure proposes a frequency selective surface with the function of regulating the antenna pattern, the structure of which is shown in Figure 2.
  • the panel not only has the characteristics of frequency selection, but also can achieve the function of beam forming based on the compensation of the electromagnetic wave transmission phase. Since when the spherical wavefront radiated by the radiating element reaches the frequency selection surface, the path difference between the phase center and each frequency selection surface unit results in a corresponding phase difference. In order to convert the spherical wavefront into the desired wavefront, it is necessary to Frequency selective surface elements compensate for phase differences between different paths.
  • the present disclosure achieves phase compensation by changing the size or structure of each unit of the frequency selection surface so that the phase shifts of the electromagnetic waves passing through the frequency selection surface at different positions are different.
  • Figure 2 shows three different conductive patterns of frequency selective surfaces used in the panel of the present disclosure, so that the frequency selective surfaces form a gradient structure.
  • the transmission phase of the conductive pattern 220 on the frequency selective surface lags behind the conductive pattern 210 on the frequency selective surface by about 10 degrees
  • the transmission phase of the conductive pattern 230 on the frequency selective surface lags behind the conductive pattern 220 on the frequency selective surface by about 10 degrees. Therefore, different frequency-selective surface elements direct electromagnetic energy into the desired radiation direction, thereby broadening the lobe width of the antenna pattern.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a frequency selective surface 200 for an antenna according to the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a frequency selection surface 200 according to one possible implementation form of the inventive concept of the present disclosure.
  • the frequency selective surface includes a dielectric layer (such as the white area and the lower part of the black area in FIG. 2 ) and a metal layer (such as the black frame part in FIG. 2 ).
  • This metal region can be grounded, for example, forming a ground plane.
  • the metal layer is provided with a hollow area. In the example shown in FIG.
  • the metal layer includes three conductive patterns, from left to right, the conductive pattern 210 , the conductive pattern 220 and the conductive pattern 230 , where the three conductive patterns 210 , 220 and 230 are The conductive pattern 230 is disposed in the hollow area.
  • the distance between the conductive pattern 210 and the ground layer is the first pitch and the distance between the conductive pattern 220 and the ground layer (the black box part) is the second pitch.
  • the distance between the top edge of the conductive pattern 210 and the black frame part is the first distance
  • the distance between the top edge of the conductive pattern 220 and the black frame part is the second distance.
  • the first distance is obviously The second spacing is not equal, and the first spacing is larger than the second spacing.
  • the three conductive patterns here are only exemplary and not limiting.
  • the main inventive concept according to the present disclosure is that different conductive patterns will introduce different phase shifts to the processed signals. Therefore, the frequency selective surface according to the present disclosure should have at least two different conductive patterns. How many types of conductive patterns should be included?
  • the conductive patterns can be designed according to specific requirements, and as long as the frequency selective surface includes at least two different conductive patterns, it will fall within the scope of the claims claimed based on this disclosure.
  • the conductive pattern of the frequency selective surface used in the present disclosure is not a whole piece of metal.
  • the conductive pattern 210 or the conductive pattern 220 includes at least two metal patches, including four metal patches in the example shown in FIG. 2 , and each metal patch has the same shape. There is a gap between any two of these metal patches.
  • grooves and/or protrusions are provided in the metal patch, and the protrusions can, for example, be located at least partially within the grooves.
  • the metal patch gradually becomes larger from left to right.
  • the distance between the top edge of the metal patch and the ground layer, that is, the black frame part becomes smaller and smaller, allowing the frequency selection surface to form a gradient structure.
  • the effect of changing the transmission phase can be achieved by changing the size of the spacing here without changing the period size of the frequency selection surface. This can ensure that the frequency selection surface has frequency selection surface units with the same period, making the distribution of the gradient frequency selection surface units more precise. For simplicity and flexibility.
  • the conductive patterns of different frequency-selective surfaces used in the present disclosure are not limited to three, and may be multiple different conductive patterns of frequency-selective surfaces.
  • the conductive pattern mainly consists of metal patches and gaps between different metal patches.
  • the metal patch distribution can include multiple metal patches, and there can be gaps between multiple metal patches.
  • a hollow portion formed by the above-mentioned first spacing or the second spacing can also be formed between the metal sheet and the frame.
  • the first group of frequency selection units is disposed in the middle of the frequency selection surface and the second group of frequency selection units is disposed in the first group of frequencies. Both sides of the cell are selected, and wherein the first phase shift is smaller than the second phase shift or the first phase shift is larger than the second phase shift.
  • the phase shift of the conductive pattern on the frequency selective surface can be larger from the center to both sides, or can be smaller from the center to both sides. Therefore, it is possible to design a frequency selective surface that broadens the beam width, a frequency selective surface that compresses the beam width, or even a frequency selective surface that changes the beam direction to flexibly control the pattern.
  • the distribution of frequency-selective surface units is not limited to distribution according to edge columns, but can be distributed according to different requirements, such as distribution in the middle column, radial distribution from the center, etc.
  • the frequency selective surface can be a single-layer or multi-layer planar structure, and can also be a band-pass frequency selective surface or a high-pass frequency selective surface.
  • FIGS. 3A to 5C show a schematic structural diagram of a frequency selection surface 300A for an antenna according to one embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3B shows a frequency selection surface for an antenna according to another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 300B shows a schematic structural diagram of a frequency selection surface 300C for an antenna according to another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3D shows a schematic structural diagram of a frequency selection surface 300C for an antenna according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the frequency selective surface 300A for an antenna shown in FIG. 3A only includes two conductive patterns, and each conductive pattern continuously exists in only one column;
  • FIG. The frequency selective surface 300B for an antenna shown in FIG. 3B also only includes two conductive patterns, but each conductive pattern exists in two consecutive columns;
  • the frequency selective surface 300C for an antenna shown in FIG. 3C includes three conductive patterns. pattern, and the middle conductive pattern continuously exists in two columns;
  • the frequency selective surface 300D for an antenna shown in FIG. 3D includes three conductive patterns, and the middle conductive pattern continuously exists in multiple columns.
  • the frequency selective surface 300A for an antenna shown in FIG. 3A includes four rows and three columns of conductive patterns.
  • the frequency selection surface 300A according to the present disclosure includes a first set of frequency selection cells 310A, each of the first set of frequency selection cells 310A including a first conductive pattern 3101A, that is, the middle conductive pattern shown.
  • the frequency selection surface 300A according to the present disclosure also includes a second set of frequency selection units 320A, so Each second frequency selection unit in the second set of frequency selection units 320A includes a second conductive pattern 3201A, that is, the conductive pattern shown on the edge.
  • the first conductive pattern 3101A and the second conductive pattern 3201A are different.
  • the distance between the conductive pattern 3101A and the ground layer, that is, the black frame part is the first pitch
  • the distance between the conductive pattern 3102A and the metal layer is the second pitch.
  • the distance between the top edge of the conductive pattern 3101A and the black frame part is the first distance
  • the distance between the top edge of the conductive pattern 3102A and the black frame part is the second distance.
  • the first distance is obviously The second spacing is not equal, and the first spacing is larger than the second spacing.
  • the black frame of the outer circle of each conductive pattern such as 330A, constitutes a ground layer.
  • the conductive pattern of the frequency selective surface used in the present disclosure is not a whole piece of metal.
  • the conductive pattern 3101A or the conductive pattern 3102A includes at least two metal patches, including four metal patches in the example shown in FIG. 3A , and the shape of each metal patch is the same. There is a gap between any two of these metal patches.
  • grooves and/or protrusions are provided in the metal patch, and the protrusions can, for example, be located at least partially within the grooves.
  • the shape of the first conductive pattern 3101A is associated with a first phase shift
  • the shape of the second conductive pattern 3201A is associated with a second phase shift, wherein the first phase shift is different at the second phase shift.
  • the first conductive pattern 3101A and the second conductive pattern 3201A are different
  • the first phase shift formed by the first conductive pattern 3101A and the phase shift formed by the second conductive pattern 3201A are The second phase shifts are different so as to introduce different phase shifts to the electromagnetic waves passing through the corresponding conductive patterns 3101A or 3201A, thereby achieving the effect of optimal adjustment of the outgoing waves by means of the frequency selection surface 300A for the antenna.
  • the first group of frequency selection units 310A is arranged in one column, and this column includes four first conductive patterns 3101A
  • the second group of frequency selection units 320A is arranged in two columns, and each column includes four second conductive patterns 3201A.
  • the number of columns of frequency selection units provided and the number of conductive patterns included in each column of frequency selection units can be changed, and can be designed according to specific design requirements.
  • the frequency selective surface 300B for an antenna shown in FIG. 3B includes a conductive pattern of four rows and six columns. case.
  • the frequency selection surface 300B according to the present disclosure includes a first set of frequency selection cells 310B, each of the first set of frequency selection cells 310B including a first conductive pattern 3101B, that is, the middle conductive pattern shown.
  • the frequency selection surface 300B according to the present disclosure further includes a second group of frequency selection units 320B, each of the second group of frequency selection units 320B including a second conductive pattern 3201B, as shown in the edge. conductive pattern.
  • the first conductive pattern 3101B and the second conductive pattern 3201B are different.
  • the frequency selection surface 300B for an antenna since the first conductive pattern 3101B and the second conductive pattern 3201B are different, it is possible to achieve the output control by means of the frequency selection surface 300B for the antenna.
  • the effect of wave optimization adjustment since the first conductive pattern 3101B and the second conductive pattern 3201B are different, it is possible to achieve the output control by means of the frequency selection surface 300B for the antenna. The effect of wave optimization adjustment.
  • the shape of the first conductive pattern 3101B is associated with a first phase shift
  • the shape of the second conductive pattern 3201B is associated with a second phase shift, wherein the first phase shift is different at the second phase shift.
  • the first conductive pattern 3101B and the second conductive pattern 3201B are different, the first phase shift formed by the first conductive pattern 3101B and the phase shift formed by the second conductive pattern 3201B are The second phase shifts are different so as to introduce different phase shifts to the electromagnetic waves passing through the corresponding conductive patterns 3101B or 3201B, thereby achieving the effect of optimal adjustment of the outgoing waves by means of the frequency selection surface 300B for the antenna.
  • the first group of frequency selection units 310B is arranged in two columns, each column including four first conductive patterns 3101B, and the second group of frequency selection units 320B is arranged in four columns, each column including four second conductive patterns 3201B.
  • the number of columns of frequency selection units provided and the number of conductive patterns included in each column of frequency selection units can be changed, and can be designed according to specific design requirements.
  • the frequency selective surface 300C for an antenna shown in FIG. 3C includes four rows and eight columns of conductive patterns.
  • the frequency selection surface 300C according to the present disclosure includes a first set of frequency selection cells 310C, each of the first set of frequency selection cells 310C including a first conductive pattern 3101C, that is, the middle conductive pattern shown.
  • the frequency selection surface 300C according to the present disclosure further includes a second group of frequency selection cells 320C, each of the second group of frequency selection cells 320C including a second conductive pattern 3201C, ie, a second column , the conductive patterns shown in the third, sixth and seventh columns.
  • the frequency selection surface 300C according to the present disclosure further includes a third group of frequency selection units 330C, each of the third group of frequency selection units 330C including a third conductive pattern 3301C, That is the conductive pattern shown on the edge.
  • the third conductive pattern 3301C is different from the first conductive pattern 3101C and the second conductive pattern 3201C.
  • the frequency selective surface 300C for an antenna since the first conductive pattern 3101C, the second conductive pattern 3201C and the third conductive pattern 3301C are all different, such that The first phase shift formed by the first conductive pattern 3101C, the second phase shift formed by the second conductive pattern 3201C, and the third phase shift formed by the third conductive pattern 3301C are different.
  • the effect of optimal adjustment of the outgoing waves is achieved by means of the frequency selection surface 300C for the antenna.
  • the first conductive pattern 3101C, the second conductive pattern 3201C and the third conductive pattern 3201C are all different, it is possible to This achieves the effect of optimal adjustment of the outgoing wave by means of the frequency selection surface 300C for the antenna.
  • the first group of frequency selection units 310C is arranged in two columns, each column including four first conductive patterns 3101C
  • the second group of frequency selection units 320C is arranged in four columns
  • the third group of frequency selection units 330C is arranged in two columns. columns, each column including four third conductive patterns 3301C.
  • the number of columns of frequency selection units provided and the number of conductive patterns included in each column of frequency selection units can be changed, and can be designed according to specific design requirements.
  • the frequency selective surface 300D for an antenna shown in FIG. 3D includes four rows and sixteen columns of conductive patterns.
  • the frequency selection surface 300D according to the present disclosure includes a first set of frequency selection cells 310D, each of the first set of frequency selection cells 310D including a first conductive pattern 3101D, that is, the middle conductive pattern shown.
  • the frequency selection surface 300D according to the present disclosure further includes a second group of frequency selection cells 320D, each of the second group of frequency selection cells 320D including a second conductive pattern 3201D, that is, a second column , the third column, and the conductive patterns shown in the penultimate and third columns.
  • the frequency selection surface 300D also includes a third group of frequency selection units 330D, and each third frequency selection unit in the third group of frequency selection units 330D includes a third conductive pattern 3301D, that is, a first columns and the conductive pattern shown in the penultimate column. As can be seen from FIG. 3D , the third conductive pattern 3301D is different from the first conductive pattern 3101D and the second conductive pattern 3201D.
  • the frequency selective surface 300D for an antenna since the first conductive pattern 3101D, the second conductive pattern 3201D and the third conductive pattern 3301D are different, so that the first phase shift formed by the first conductive pattern 3101D, the second phase shift formed by the second conductive pattern 3201D and the third phase shift are different from each other.
  • the third phase shift formed by the conductive pattern 3301D is different, so as to introduce different phase shifts to the electromagnetic waves passing through the corresponding conductive patterns 3101D, 3201D and 3301D, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the outgoing wave by means of the frequency selective surface 300D for the antenna. The effect of optimization adjustment.
  • the first conductive pattern 3101D, the second conductive pattern 3201D and the third conductive pattern 3201D are all different, it is possible to This achieves the effect of optimal adjustment of the outgoing wave by means of the frequency selection surface 300D for the antenna.
  • the first group of frequency selection units 310D is set to ten columns, each column including four first conductive patterns 3101D
  • the second group of frequency selection units 320D is set to four columns
  • the third group of frequency selection units 330D is set to two columns, each column including four third conductive patterns 3301D.
  • the number of columns of frequency selection units provided and the number of conductive patterns included in each column of frequency selection units can be changed, and can be designed according to specific design requirements.
  • the conductive pattern of the frequency selective surface used in the present disclosure can change the transmission phase while ensuring that the period of the frequency selective surface remains unchanged, so that different
  • the size of the frequency selection surface makes the layout of each unit more convenient and flexible.
  • the frequency selection surface with the pattern control function of the present disclosure can be directed toward the edge of the frequency selection surface so that the phase shift of each unit of the frequency selection surface remains unchanged or gradually becomes smaller, so as to broaden the beam width of the antenna; or it can The phase shift of each unit of the frequency selection surface is made constant or gradually larger toward the edge of the frequency selection surface, so as to compress the beam width of the antenna.
  • each unit of the frequency selection surface that generates different phase shifts can be distributed in part of the frequency selection surface, that is, the shape only changes along one direction; it can also be distributed in On the overall frequency selection surface, that is, the shape only changes along one direction; it can also be distributed in a central radial shape on part or the entire frequency selection surface.
  • a frequency selection surface 400 in accordance with the present disclosure includes a first set of frequency selection units 410 in which each first frequency The rate selection unit includes a first conductive pattern 4101, the conductive pattern shown in the middle.
  • the frequency selection surface 400 according to the present disclosure further includes a second group of frequency selection cells 420, each of the second group of frequency selection cells 420 including a second conductive pattern 4201, ie, a third column , the fourth column, and the conductive patterns shown in the third and fourth columns from the bottom.
  • the frequency selection surface 400 further includes a third group of frequency selection units 430, each of the third group of frequency selection units 430 includes a third conductive pattern 4301, that is, a second column and the conductive pattern shown in the penultimate column.
  • the frequency selection surface 400 shown in FIG. 4 also includes a parasitic unit 440, which is disposed at the edge of the frequency selection surface 440.
  • the parasitic unit 440 includes a pattern 4401. The parasitic unit 440 is used to optimize the pattern of the radiation unit that is deteriorated by the side column environment, thereby effectively improving the radiation pattern of the multi-frequency base station antenna.
  • the parasitic unit 440 is configured as a square metal sheet.
  • the parasitic unit 440 of the present disclosure is shown as a square in Figure 4, but is not limited to a square. Moreover, the number and location of the parasitic units 440 in this disclosure are not limited and can be adjusted according to actual needs. In addition, the parasitic unit 440 of the present disclosure can be added on both sides of the frequency selection surface with the function of regulating the pattern, or on both sides of the traditional periodic non-gradient frequency selection surface. Furthermore, the parasitic unit 440 of the present disclosure can be used to widen the pattern of the side row radiating units, or can be used to narrow the direction pattern of the side row radiating units.
  • the present disclosure adds parasitic units on both sides of the frequency selection surface with the function of regulating the antenna pattern, as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the parasitic units work in the operating frequency band of the radiation units that need to broaden the pattern. Their number and relative position are related to the location and number of the radiation units that need to broaden the pattern. Their shape can be square but is not limited to square.
  • the parasitic units on both sides of the frequency selection surface with the function of controlling the pattern can further broaden the pattern of the side row radiating units.
  • the parasitic elements can also be added on both sides of the traditional periodic non-gradient frequency selection surface to broaden or narrow the pattern of the side row radiating elements.
  • the third conductive pattern 4301 is different from the first conductive pattern 4101 and the second conductive pattern 4201 .
  • the second conductive pattern 4201 and the third conductive pattern 4301 are different, so that the first phase formed by the first conductive pattern 4101 shifts, and the second phase formed by the second conductive pattern 4201
  • the shift and the third phase shift formed by the third conductive pattern 4301 are different, so that different phase shifts can be introduced for the electromagnetic waves passing through the corresponding conductive patterns 4101, 4201 and 4301, thereby achieving the frequency used for the antenna.
  • the surface 400 is selected to achieve the effect of optimal adjustment of the outgoing wave.
  • the first conductive pattern 4101, the second conductive pattern 4201 and the third conductive pattern 4301 are all different, it is possible to This achieves the effect of optimal adjustment of the outgoing wave by means of the frequency selection surface 400 for the antenna.
  • the first group of frequency selection units 410 is arranged in ten columns, each column including four first conductive patterns 4101
  • the second group of frequency selection units 420 is arranged in four columns
  • the third group of frequency selection units 430 is arranged in two columns, each column including four third conductive patterns 4301.
  • the number of columns of frequency selection units provided and the number of conductive patterns included in each column of frequency selection units can be changed, and can be designed according to specific design requirements.
  • FIG. 5A shows an assembly diagram of an active and passive integrated antenna system 500 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the antenna system proposed according to the present disclosure shown in FIG. 5A includes a first antenna, a second antenna, and a frequency selection surface described according to the above aspects of the present disclosure, wherein the first antenna and the third antenna Two antennas are respectively arranged on both sides of the frequency selection surface. Since FIG. 5A is an assembly view, the frequency selective surface proposed in accordance with the present disclosure is not visible. However, the mounting bracket 13 of the first antenna, the radome top 1 of the second antenna, and the radome bottom 7 of the second antenna can be seen.
  • FIG. 5B shows an exploded schematic diagram of the antenna system 500 shown in FIG. 5A.
  • the antenna system 500 shown in this embodiment includes a first antenna 9 and a second antenna 4.
  • the first antenna 9 and the second antenna 4 are antennas operating in different operating frequency bands.
  • the first antenna 9 is a 5G antenna
  • the second antenna 4 is a 2G, 3G or 4G antenna.
  • the antenna system 500 in this embodiment also includes a second antenna radome top 1 , a second antenna radome support 2 , a second antenna support 3 , a frequency selection surface 5 , and a metal frame support 6 , the radome bottom 7 of the second antenna, the radome 8 of the first antenna, the first reflection plate 10 , the fixing member 11 , and the first radio frequency remote unit RRU 12 .
  • the first reflection plate 10 is fixed above the first radio frequency remote unit RRU 12 through the fixing member 11.
  • the first antenna 9 is arranged above the first reflection plate 10.
  • the radome 8 of the first antenna is fixed on the first radio frequency remote unit RRU 12 through screws. Above the remote unit RRU 12, cover the first antenna 9 and the first reflector 10 below it.
  • the above unit can be used as an A antenna module.
  • the frequency selection surface 5 is fixed above the radome bottom 7 of the second antenna through a metal frame support 6.
  • the second antenna 4 includes a second antenna radiator, a second antenna feed balun, a second antenna substrate and a second antenna feed. Electrical cable 41, the upper end of the second antenna feed balun is electrically connected to the second antenna radiator, the lower end of the second antenna feed balun is electrically connected to the second antenna substrate, and is connected by the second antenna feed cable Feeding, the second antenna feed cable is fixed above the metal frame support 6.
  • the frequency selection surface 5 forms an open circuit for the first antenna 9 and a ground structure for the second antenna 4 .
  • the above unit can be used as a P antenna module.
  • an existing base station is provided with a P antenna module.
  • the A antenna module and the P antenna module can be fixed together through the mounting bracket 13 to work together.
  • the communication frequency band of the base station can be increased and the communication effect of the base station can be improved without large-scale modification and expansion of the existing base station.
  • the A antenna module and the P antenna module can work independently, which improves the modularity of the antenna, improves the flexibility of using the base station antenna, and saves the construction cost of the base station antenna.
  • the second antenna feed cable 41 can be routed along the ground grid lines of the frequency selection surface 5 .
  • FIG. 5C shows a schematic connection diagram of the feed cable of the radiating unit in FIG. 5B.
  • the second antenna feed cable 41 can be welded to the ground grid line of the frequency selection surface 5 , thereby basically eliminating the interference of the lateral routing of the second antenna feed cable 41 on the radiation pattern of the first antenna 9 Influence.
  • the second antenna feed cable 41 can be routed away from the first antenna 9 and above the metal frame support 6 .
  • the second antenna feed cable 41 can be hidden inside the metal frame support 6, thereby basically eliminating the impact of the vertical routing of the second antenna feed cable 41 on the radiation pattern of the first antenna 9, such as As shown in Figure 5C. That is to say, the present disclosure welds the lateral wiring of the second antenna feed cable to the ground grid line of the frequency selection surface, thereby basically eliminating the radiation of the first antenna by the lateral wiring of the second antenna feed cable Directional influence. The present disclosure hides the vertical wiring of the second antenna feed cable inside the metal frame support, thereby basically eliminating the impact of the vertical wiring of the second antenna feed cable on the radiation pattern of the first antenna.
  • the present disclosure adds the function of regulating the pattern on the basis of the traditional frequency selection surface to form a frequency selection surface with a gradient structure.
  • the frequency selection surface according to the present disclosure not only has the frequency selection function, but also can effectively improve the frequency selection surface. Radiating element pattern.
  • the patterns on the frequency selection surface can, for example, produce phase delay.
  • the patterns on the frequency selection surface can also be designed to advance the phase, and similar effects can be achieved.

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  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente divulgation concerne une surface sélective en fréquence pour une antenne. La surface sélective en fréquence comprend : un premier groupe d'unités sélectives en fréquence, chaque première unité sélective en fréquence dans le premier groupe d'unités sélectives en fréquence comprenant une première impression conductrice ; et un second groupe d'unités sélectives en fréquence, chaque seconde unité sélective en fréquence dans le second groupe d'unités sélectives en fréquence comprenant une seconde impression conductrice, la première impression conductrice étant différente de la seconde impression conductrice. De plus, la présente divulgation concerne également un système d'antenne comprenant la surface sélective en fréquence. Le système d'antenne comprend une première antenne, une seconde antenne et la surface sélective en fréquence. La première antenne et la seconde antenne sont agencées sur deux côtés de la surface sélective en fréquence respectivement.
PCT/CN2023/080996 2022-05-24 2023-03-13 Surface sélective en fréquence pour une antenne et système d'antenne WO2023226528A1 (fr)

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CN202210568868.6A CN114883809A (zh) 2022-05-24 2022-05-24 用于天线的频率选择表面以及天线系统
CN202210568868.6 2022-05-24

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114883809A (zh) * 2022-05-24 2022-08-09 罗森伯格技术有限公司 用于天线的频率选择表面以及天线系统

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US5917458A (en) * 1995-09-08 1999-06-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Frequency selective surface integrated antenna system
CN106025570A (zh) * 2016-06-28 2016-10-12 江苏赛博防务技术有限公司 基于频率选择表面的具有波束赋形功能的圆极化器
CN113782977A (zh) * 2021-09-15 2021-12-10 西安电子科技大学 基于超表面的多波束反射阵天线及其制造方法
CN215418610U (zh) * 2021-08-31 2022-01-04 康普技术有限责任公司 频率选择反射板和基站天线
CN113991304A (zh) * 2021-09-15 2022-01-28 北京邮电大学 一种基于超表面阵列的天线波束赋形方法
CN113991301A (zh) * 2021-10-18 2022-01-28 广东盛路通信科技股份有限公司 一种频选天线罩及天线
CN114883809A (zh) * 2022-05-24 2022-08-09 罗森伯格技术有限公司 用于天线的频率选择表面以及天线系统

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5917458A (en) * 1995-09-08 1999-06-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Frequency selective surface integrated antenna system
CN106025570A (zh) * 2016-06-28 2016-10-12 江苏赛博防务技术有限公司 基于频率选择表面的具有波束赋形功能的圆极化器
CN215418610U (zh) * 2021-08-31 2022-01-04 康普技术有限责任公司 频率选择反射板和基站天线
CN113782977A (zh) * 2021-09-15 2021-12-10 西安电子科技大学 基于超表面的多波束反射阵天线及其制造方法
CN113991304A (zh) * 2021-09-15 2022-01-28 北京邮电大学 一种基于超表面阵列的天线波束赋形方法
CN113991301A (zh) * 2021-10-18 2022-01-28 广东盛路通信科技股份有限公司 一种频选天线罩及天线
CN114883809A (zh) * 2022-05-24 2022-08-09 罗森伯格技术有限公司 用于天线的频率选择表面以及天线系统

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