WO2023222158A1

WO2023222158A1 - Structured sheet-metal profile for a load-bearing structure, load-bearing structure, and method for production

Info

Publication number: WO2023222158A1
Application number: PCT/DE2023/100364
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hartwig HUNTEMÜLLER
Original assignee: Huntemueller Hartwig
Priority date: 2022-05-19
Filing date: 2023-05-17
Publication date: 2023-11-23

Abstract

The invention relates to a structured sheet-metal profile (10) for a load-bearing structure, in particular for a boat hull, the structured sheet-metal profile comprising: - a profiled metal sheet (18), which is bent at bend lines (17) and can be inserted between two parallel adjacent framing regions of the load-bearing structure and can be fastened to the framing regions, wherein the profiled metal sheet (18) comprises on its upper face (21) an upper profile hole grid (110); and - an upper cover element, which comprises an upper cover element hole grid and is placed on the profiled metal sheet (18), wherein the upper profile hole grid (110) and the upper cover element hole grid are aligned with one another and connected via fastening means. Here, the upper cover element and/or the bent profiled metal sheet comprises support surfaces (19) to be placed on the two framing regions, - the upper cover element hole grid and/or the upper profile hole grid (110) are provided for alignment on framing region hole grids of the framing regions and for connection to the framing region hole grids of the framing regions via fastening means.

Description

Structural sheet metal profile for a supporting structure, supporting structure and method for producing it

The invention relates to a structural sheet metal profile for a support structure and such a support structure. Furthermore, a boat hull with the supporting structure, a catamaran with the supporting structure and a method for producing a supporting structure as well as a method for producing a catamaran are provided.

DE 10 2011 111 530 B3 shows such a structural sheet metal profile that can be used in particular in the side hulls of a catamaran. The structural sheet metal profiles are each formed by a folded profile sheet with recesses in their flanks, whereby parallel cross struts are subsequently placed through the recesses, and cover elements are then placed and fastened on the top and bottom. This means that a lightweight yet rigid design in sandwich construction is possible.

It turns out that such designs are relatively complex in order to withstand the high demands on the loads that occur and to enable relatively low production costs, especially since it is difficult to precisely manufacture corresponding folded alignment elements, especially with high material thicknesses. DE 20 2009 011 263 U1 shows a device for protecting a ship's hull against the influences of shock waves, with a substantially flat element being provided on the outside of the ship's hull

4609-3 PCT Bre/kl 05/17/2023 is designed to be flexible and has such deformability that it is able to at least partially destroy the energy transmitted by a shock wave before the shock wave reaches the ship's hull. The flat element can be elastic or plastic and serve to form an outer skin.

The invention is based on the object of creating a structural sheet metal profile for a support structure, such a support structure, a boat hull and methods for manufacturing which enable quick and precise production with low weight.

This object is achieved by a structural sheet metal profile, a support structure, a boat hull, a catamaran with the boat hull and methods of production according to the independent claims. The subclaims describe preferred further developments.

The support structure according to the invention and/or the catamaran according to the invention can in particular be produced by a method according to the invention. The catamaran can in particular be a Swath catamaran (Small Waterplane Area Twin Hull - catamaran) or a catamaran with a double hull with a small waterline area.

A structural sheet metal profile is thus created, which is designed and intended in particular to be placed between two frames. The structural sheet metal profile has a folded profile sheet, which is formed by folding a perforated starting sheet and preferably has parallel elevations and depressions formed between them, which thus enable high rigidity and bending strength. Furthermore, an upper cover element is placed on the profiled sheet. The two frames and corresponding support surfaces of the profiled sheet for resting on the two spaced frames run in a transverse direction, in particular parallel. The In the case of a U-shaped or semi-open shape of the support structure, the transverse direction can also extend partially or completely in the vertical direction, corresponding to the course of the frames, which can be angled, for example.

According to an advantageous embodiment - unlike, for example, in DE 10 2011 111 530 B3 - no continuous struts are provided, which run continuously through the structural sheet metal profile in the transverse direction and reinforce the folded sheet metal profile. In particular, no struts that extend at least partially in the transverse direction can be provided, preferably without any reinforcing struts. Advantageously, stiffening can take place without the complex insertion of continuous struts through recesses in several elevations.

According to an alternative design, recesses are formed in several, preferably all, elevations and struts are placed through the recesses. In particular, obliquely sloping flanks can run between the elevations (20) and the depressions, in which the recesses are formed, the struts running at least partially in the transverse direction of the folded profile sheet and being inserted through the recesses of several elevations. Advantageously, in this embodiment, the struts run obliquely to the elevations and depressions, in particular crossing each other or as an X-formation, and are attached or attachable to the frames in their end regions, e.g. B. welded. This achieves a high level of rigidity, as a direct connection between the frames is achieved through the oblique struts, in addition to the connection through the folded sheet metal.

By placing the structural sheet metal profiles between the frames, a stable and rigid structure can be formed with high manufacturing precision, in which the structural sheet metal profiles form the connection between the frames to ensure. Furthermore, a support structure is thereby formed which can advantageously be sealed over the entire surface towards the top and bottom.

Frames are elongated support elements, e.g. square tubes. In the case of a boat hull of a catamaran, frames are understood to mean the load-bearing, in particular U-shaped, cross members which run at least in some areas in the transverse direction through the boat hull.

An upper cover element is placed on the top of the profiled sheet and in particular the frames, which is made of metal according to a preferred embodiment. An upper cover element hole grid is formed in the upper cover element. Furthermore, an upper profile hole grid is formed in the top of the profile sheet, which preferably corresponds to the hole pattern of the upper cover element. These hole grids are used to mutually fasten and align adjacent frames, each of which has at least one upper frame hole grid.

Thus, according to the invention, the hole grid can be aligned so that the upper cover elements and/or the profile elements with their hole grid are placed on the two adjacent frames and the frames and the upper cover element and/or the profile element are aligned with one another with little effort, precisely and safely . For this purpose, the frames are preferably already set up, but are initially adjustable and can therefore be aligned or adjusted by adjustment to the upper hole grid of the profile element and the upper cover element hole grid.

Aligning or adjusting two hole grids is understood to mean, in particular, an arrangement of the two hole grids that coincides or is concentric at least in some holes. Unlike in the aforementioned DE 10 2011 111 530 B3, the upper cover element hole grid also has support surfaces for resting on the frames and fastening holes for fastening to the frames, that is, the upper cover element is not only fastened to the structural profile sheet with its fastening holes, but also on the adjacent or opposite frames. This support can be done directly or with an intermediate element, in particular the profiled sheet. The alignment and attachment of the upper cover element and/or the profiled sheet to the frames also interacts in particular with the manufacturing method according to the invention for the support structure, as will be described further below.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the profile sheets have support webs with which they are placed on the frames. The support webs can in particular limit the depressions formed between the elevations of the structural profile to the sides. The profiled sheets can thus be placed with their side, preferably circumferential, support webs on the top of the frames, which enables quick and safe training, since the profiled sheets only have to be placed here from the top. Here, the hole pattern on the top of the profile sheets, in particular the holes in the support webs, is aligned with the hole pattern on the top of the frames. Thus, the frames in particular can be readjusted somewhat in the longitudinal direction of the support structure in order to achieve a match, in particular a concentric match. The upper cover element is then placed and aligned with the hole pattern of the frames and the profiled sheet, so that secure fixation and fastening is subsequently possible using fasteners used. Rivets in particular can be used as fasteners, but also screws or e.g. B. plastic clips. This means that the profile sheets and cover elements can be firmly connected to the frames and thus form a unit. The upper cover element is advantageously made of metal, ie as a cover plate, which is connected to the top of the profiled sheet and the top of the frames via rivets serving as fastening elements. Accordingly, the lower cover element is advantageously made of metal, ie as a cover plate, which is fastened via rivets serving as fastening elements.

According to an alternative design, an insulating cover plate can also be placed as the upper and / or lower cover element, for example made of a plastic such as GRP, or wood or plywood. For example, areas that are not exposed to water can be covered with other materials. In such designs, the cover element can in turn be attached and fixed via the hole grid, with plastic clips, for example, being able to serve as fastening elements. Alternatively, the cover elements can also be retrofitted, e.g. B. as meter goods.

The upper and/or lower cover elements can, for example, also be designed in two parts, for example a layer made of sheet metal and a further layer made of a different material. The two layers of the cover element preferably each have a perforated grid, in particular aligned or matching perforated grids, and can thus be connected to the profiled sheet and/or frames via common or separate fastening means. In the case of a layer of wood, for example, the respective hole may not be continuous.

Thus, the structural sheet metal profile according to the invention is formed in particular by the folded profile sheet and the upper, and possibly also lower, cover element, the elements of the structural sheet metal profile thus being successively fastened to or on the frames, so that the structural sheet metal profile is completely formed on the frames. No struts are required here; According to a preferred embodiment, there can be struts which extend in the transverse direction, for example also in the transverse and longitudinal directions, ie an oblique direction Extend direction, but structural sheet metal profiles without struts can also be provided.

A significant advantage of the invention is that the connection of two adjacent frames takes place in the unedged longitudinal direction of the profile sheets; This means that the upper profile hole grid in the profile sheet connects two adjacent frames in the longitudinal direction of the support structure, without the distance between the holes of the upper profile hole grid in this longitudinal direction being influenced by folds.

This means that the high rigidity of a folded profile sheet can be combined with a high level of accuracy thanks to a prefabricated hole pattern that is not changed by bends. This enables precise production at low costs and assembly or production by successively aligning and connecting the frames to one another. The bends or folds of the profile sheets therefore advantageously do not have an effect in the longitudinal direction of the supporting structure, for example the boat.

Another advantage of the support structure is that the support structure is modular and can also be extended using many identical parts to form boat hulls of different lengths or dimensions. Standardized frames and standardized profile sheets as well as cover elements and, if necessary, insulating cover elements can be used.

Another advantage is the high degree of automation through computer-aided production. In particular, the prefabricated formation of the hole pattern in the initial sheet metal before edging enables computer-aided production; This means that holes for the connections between frames and other elements do not have to be set during assembly, ie when placing the profile elements, as is the case in the prior art. Another advantage of using identical parts and, in particular, computer-aided manufacturing is that it enables easy adjustment to areas of the boat hull that are subject to different loads. Thanks to the high degree of automation and computer-aided production, topology optimization can be achieved, for example by forming topology holes in areas of the folded profile sheets that are not subject to such loads. This makes it possible to reduce weight and reduce manufacturing and operating costs. Advantageously, the topology optimization can be adapted to the load on the various points of the support structure; so can e.g. B. in areas of a support structure that are exposed to greater stress from waves, a different topology optimization, e.g. B. with fewer recessed areas can be used than in less stressed areas. Nevertheless, standardized folded profile elements can be used, which are optimized with different topologies depending on the load.

The topology holes can be formed by simply cutting out; Alternatively or additionally, the topology holes can also be flanged at their edges or reinforced by bending, so that greater rigidity is achieved.

According to an advantageous development, the transitions between the elevations and depressions in the folded profile sheets are through flanks, e.g. B. oblique flanks.

According to a preferred embodiment, reinforcing elements are inserted into the folded profile sheets. The reinforcing elements can be inserted from the top into the recesses of the folded profile sheets, and/or from the bottom into the elevations, for example as plug-in inserts that are inserted into suitable fastenings of the folded profile sheet. The reinforcing elements can be used, for example, as reinforcing ribs, in particular trapezoidal sheets, or as wedge-shaped elements, preferably Sheet metal elements can be formed and are attached to the profiled sheet. As a result, a significant increase in rigidity can be achieved with little material and manufacturing effort. Reinforcing elements can in particular also be provided instead of the struts.

Due to the high degree of prefabrication of the individual elements achieved according to the invention, and in particular the self-alignment of the elements, the construction time can be reduced while increasing the accuracy of fit.

In principle, the profile sheets and/or the upper and lower profile elements can be placed between exactly two adjacent frames. Furthermore, the folded profile sheet and/or the upper cover element and/or the lower cover element can extend over more than two, in particular over three frames, i.e. cover a central frame. This means that flat surface areas in particular can also be covered with a smaller number of parts, with reduced assembly time.

According to the invention, a high degree of fitting accuracy and rapid production is achieved, in particular through the formation of perforated grids in the elements to be used, with the perforated grids having high accuracy, e.g. B. can be designed computer-aided by lasers.

In the manufacturing method according to the invention, the step of forming the profiled sheets can take place before or after the formation of the frames and before or after setting up the frames and connecting an upper and lower frame in a transverse plane.

With the manufacturing method according to the invention, quick and safe production can take place, in which the frames are first aligned parallel to one another and the profile sheets are then inserted, in particular placed from above. This already creates a secure, solid Supporting structure formed. Subsequently, the upper cover elements, in particular cover elements, are placed at least from the top and are preferably connected to one another via the hole grids that are fitted or aligned with one another, so that the structural sheet metal profiles formed in this way securely fix the frames in their position on the one hand and connect them on the other. Further fixation is preferably carried out by the lower cover elements, which are attached to the folded profile sheets and the frames and thus increase the strength as parts of the structural sheet metal profiles.

In this way, tolerances in particular can be kept small or reduced, since tolerances are eliminated by aligning the hole grids. The profile elements and cover elements can be placed on the frames and these parts can be adapted to one another by aligning the hole grid, so that e.g. B. the frames can be aligned slightly, especially adjusted in the longitudinal direction, in order to correspond to the hole pattern of the profile sheets and cover elements. This means that the neighboring elements align with each other. The profile sheets, preferably also the cover elements, connect two adjacent frames with each other, in which the hole grid of the profile sheets and the cover elements are each placed on the hole grid of both the left and right frames and thus connect them. This means that the hole grids of adjacent frames overlap each other via the hole grids of the profile sheets and cover elements and enable a secure, successive alignment of the elements during production. The profile sheets and cover elements can thus be successively placed, aligned and fixed between two frames in order to subsequently attach and align the subsequent structural profiles on the frames and the adjacent frames.

By fixing the cover elements with rivets, incorrect tensions can still occur, which generally lead to the rivets coming loose. can be reliably identified, which means that any existing structural weaknesses in the invisible profiles can also be recognized from the outside.

Another advantage of modular production and external accessibility is that damaged segments can be easily replaced. If there is damage, e.g. B. a cover element and a profile sheet, these can be removed from above, replaced and then fastened between the frames. Accessibility from above is particularly advantageous here.

The underside of the frames and profile sheets is also advantageously reinforced by lower cover elements. A hole grid is therefore provided on the underside of the profile sheets and the underside of the frames, onto which the lower cover element with its lower cover hole grid is placed and aligned. Fixation here is advantageously carried out via fastening means, e.g. B. Rivet.

Through this sandwich design made of profiled sheets with upper and lower cover elements as well as side frames, closed air chambers can be formed in each of the structural sheet metal profiles, which therefore also act as buoyancy bodies. Thermal insulation is also achieved through the air chamber of the structural sheet metal profile, i.e. between the sheets or the sheet and the cover elements. This can be further enhanced by using a separating layer, with z. B. a plastic layer or plastic plate can be attached between the levels or sheet metal levels, in particular between the frames and the cover elements, additionally or alternatively, the separating layer can also be achieved via an adhesive that connects the levels.

The air volumes formed in this way can in principle also be formed with a vacuum and/or a protective gas. Alternatively, you can the air volumes or cavities in the structure, ie in particular between the cover elements and the frames, are suitably foamed so that the rigidity is increased and the tightness against leaks is improved. Thanks to the sealed buoyancy bodies, especially with the foaming, a high level of unsinkability can be achieved.

The support structure designed in this way or the boat hull designed in this way can in particular further have lower profile pieces for inclusion in floating bodies of a catamaran, in particular Swath catamarans. For this purpose, the lower ends of a bow-shaped support structure can be z. B. vertically extending profile pieces can be formed, which are inserted into suitable, matching receptacles of the floating bodies.

Aluminum or an aluminum alloy is advantageously used as the material for the frames and profile sheets, and possibly also the cover elements, in particular a seawater-resistant aluminum alloy such as AIMg3 or AIMg4.5. Such an aluminum material is very light with high rigidity, so that a low weight is achieved with high seawater resistance. The aluminum material also enables the process steps of cutting and edging with little technical effort. For example, B. the rivet holes in the flanks, as well as topology holes, can be formed by laser cutting.

According to the invention, significant weight savings of e.g. B. over 30% can be achieved compared to conventional support structures and manufacturing processes, so that the environmental balance is improved during production and less fuel is also required for operation.

If necessary, the cover elements can also extend over several frames, so that fewer joints are required. Basically, module-based training allows for equal parts and in particular specially adapted parts in the shaped areas of the boat hull. For example, B. in the bow area of the ship curved areas through special training z. B. the folded profile sheet and the cover elements can be achieved. Here, e.g. B. curves or radii can be designed appropriately by using the profile sheet z. B. with a rounding, further z. B. is also formed in two parts by two attached parts.

Furthermore, in some areas, the profiled sheet can also be formed by folded support bars instead of with support webs, i.e. in particular with a 90° fold relative to the profiled sheet, so that the folded support web is placed on the end face against a side surface of a frame and fastened via a hole pattern.

To obtain appropriate radii e.g. B. to form the bow or stern, the profile sheets can be folded on several sides so that they have upstands on the sides. Two opposing upstands can in turn have a hole pattern that continues in the frames and on the inside and/or outside of the frames. Here, e.g. B. at a point where the cover elements rest, radii are divided into different segments and these are folded up to support the cover element. Furthermore, notches can be formed here, which are reflected on the cover elements of the two levels.

Alternatively or in addition to this, the desired radii can also be achieved by flanging around an upstand in order to continue a hole circle in the sheet metal. Furthermore, by simply welding the cover element to the flat profile with the ends folded up, a design can be achieved which serves to position the corresponding hole grid towards the frames. The support structure can therefore be provided in particular in the boat hull. Furthermore, the structure that is provided above the boat hull can also have a support structure according to an embodiment of the invention. For example, windows can also be provided between the frames,

Furthermore, the elements described can be designed in several parts and designed to be pluggable along the radii for positioning. The sheet metal strips inserted upright can be inserted into the hole pattern of the cover elements so that a high level of rigidity is achieved through the attached sheet metal parts.

According to one aspect of the invention, the production of a ship hull takes place with the following steps

- Production of the floating bodies

- Production of the frames

- Forming the profile sheets, with these first three steps being carried out in any order,

- Inserting the frames into the floating bodies, initially without precisely fixing the frames in the longitudinal direction

- Attaching the profile sheets to the frames, aligning and fixing the frames in the longitudinal direction and attaching at least the upper cover elements, preferably also the lower cover elements, and possibly other elements

- If necessary, further training, e.g. sealing foils, covers.

The invention is explained in more detail below using some embodiments using the accompanying drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1 shows a structural sheet metal profile as a folded profile sheet, before placing an upper cover element;

Fig. 2 shows a structural sheet metal profile with additional lugs on the underside; Fig. 3 is a detailed view of the fastening of the profile sheets and cover elements to the frames;

Fig. 4 shows a further representation of the fastening of the profile sheets and the upper cover element to the frames;

Fig. 5 top views of areas of a boat hull with and without cover element;

Fig. 6 shows a perforated sheet as a starting sheet before folding;

Fig. 7 shows another perforated sheet as a starting sheet to form a folded profile sheet with lugs on the underside;

Fig. 8 is a bottom view of a structural sheet metal profile with lugs on the underside;

Fig. 9 is a bottom view of a folded profile sheet with lugs on the underside, before inserting the struts;

10 shows a reinforcing element as a wedge-shaped sheet metal insert;

Fig. 11 shows a profile element with the reinforcing element from Fig. 25.

12 shows a representation of the alignment of the hole pattern of the profiled sheet and cover element on the frames, forming a structural profiled sheet;

Fig. 13 shows an angled frame;

Fig. 14 shows the design of the angled frame and the attachment of a profile sheet;

15 shows the subsequent attachment of reinforcing plates to the angled frame,

16 shows a detail from the bow area of a boat hull;

Fig. 17 shows the illustration from Fig. 16 with a longer cover element;

Fig. 18 shows an embodiment with three struts in the profile sheets

1 ig. 19 a two-part profile sheet for attachment in curved areas of the boat hull, in an exploded view;

Fig. 20 is a bottom view of a folded profile sheet with side folded tabs, for front attachment to a frame;

Fig. 21 shows the structural design of the structure of the catamaran; Fig. 22 shows a design of a structural sheet metal profile with reinforcing plates inserted, before inserting the struts and placing the cover elements.

23 shows the first arrangement of the frames of FIG. 21, before placing the structural sheet metal profiles,

Fig. 24 shows a section of the boat hull with floating bodies;

25 shows a catamaran according to an embodiment of the invention;

26 shows a flowchart of a manufacturing method according to the invention;

Fig. 27 a reinforcing intermediate plate

Fig. 28 shows a design of the support structure with the reinforcing intermediate sheet: Fig. 29 shows an embodiment of the folded profile sheet without recesses and struts:

Fig. 30 shows an embodiment of the folded profile sheet with reinforcing T-profiles inserted into the recesses

Fig. 31 is a rear view of Fig. 30,

32 shows a design of the folded profile sheet with sloping elevations, without struts,

33 to 36 embodiments in which the folded profile sheet extends over three frames,

37 shows a further embodiment of a structural profile sheet,

38 shows a folded profile sheet according to an embodiment;

Fig. 39 shows an embodiment of a folded profile sheet with folded webs

Fig. 40 shows an embodiment of a folded profile sheet with laterally folded webs on the recesses for frontal contact.

Structural sheet metal profiles 10 shown in the embodiments, in particular in Figures 1 and 2, are essentially formed by a folded profile sheet 18, struts 26, 27 set through the profile sheet 18 and an upper cover element 36, preferably also a lower cover element 38. To form a profiled sheet 18, according to a method step A), a starting sheet 12 made of aluminum is first provided from a coil or as a sheet metal strip, in which a hole pattern 16 is formed in a method step B), for example by cutting or punching the starting sheet 12, the hole pattern 16 rivet holes 28, recesses 14, 14a and topology holes 15. 6 and 7 show starting sheets 12 designed in this way.

Subsequently, in method step C), the starting sheet 12 is bent or folded along edge lines 17, so that the formation of the folded profile sheet 18 shown in FIG. 6 results. The profiled sheet 18 has a parallel, regular arrangement of parallel elevations 20 extending in a longitudinal direction x and depressions 22 formed between the elevations 20. On the elevations 20, flanks 24 run downwards on both sides, whereby they can run obliquely or, for example, vertically downwards, so that the depressions 22 are trapezoidal or rectangular. The elevations thus form a flat top 21 interrupted by the depressions 22. Accordingly, the depressions 22 preferably also form a flat underside 23. The elevations 20 are designed to have a larger area than the depressions 22. After folding, the rivet holes 28 form an upper profile hole grid 110 provided on the top 21 and a lower profile hole grid 112 provided on the bottom 23. Fig. 9 and 22 show a design of the folded profile sheet 18, in addition in Fig. 9 Noses 9 are formed on the underside 23 or on the recesses 22, which extend in the longitudinal direction x, and to enable further contact here, in particular contact with frames 8 and for receiving a lower cover element 36.

The recesses 14, 14a run in the flanks 24, through which struts 26, 27 running obliquely as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are subsequently placed. The struts 26, 27 cross each other or are arranged in an X-shape; they run thus not exactly in the transverse direction y, but in the XY plane, but diagonally or obliquely to the longitudinal direction x and transverse direction y. 1, 2 and 8 show the design with the struts 26 and 27 inserted. Here, for example, two long struts 26 can be used, which cross each other or are placed one inside the other; Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2, two short struts 27 can be attached at an angle to a long strut 26 in order to form the X-shape. Furthermore, for example, four short struts 27 can be connected to one another in the middle.

The struts 26, 27 thus cross each other in a central region of the profile sheet 18, this region having a central recess 14a which is slightly wider than the further recesses 14. Furthermore, topology holes 15 are formed in the starting sheet 12 in such a way that the folded profile sheet 18 shown in FIGS.

In the folded profile sheet 18, support webs 32 run on the sides in the transverse direction y, which thus limit the recesses 22 at their ends, that is to say in the longitudinal direction x. The support webs 32 preferably run at the level of the top 21, i.e. in the upper level, with rivet holes 28 being formed in the support webs, which thus form part of the upper profile hole grid 110. In the embodiments in particular of FIGS. 2, 7, 8, 9, the lugs 9 on the underside 23 extend outwards in the longitudinal direction x in order to form a further, lower support surface here, so that the folded profile sheet 18 comes from the side can be placed in the frames 8.

In the flat starting sheet 12, the support webs 32 are advantageously separated from the material areas of the flanks 24 by cuts or cutting lines 33, so that when folding, the tool bends the flanks 24 inwards on the edge lines or downwards in the Z direction However, support webs 32 are not folded so that they remain in the plane of the top 20. By folding, the starting sheet 12 is shortened in the transverse direction Y, so that the support webs 32 of adjacent elevations 20 can, for example, come into contact with one another, for example in a suitable end-side contact of the support webs 32, so that continuous support webs 32 are formed on the sides. Thus, for example, a circumferential top 21 is formed. Alternatively, the support webs 32 can also be spaced apart from one another in the transverse direction y after folding, and intermediate sheets can be placed, for example welded, into gaps between the support webs 32 on the top of the frame 8 and/or the folded profile sheet 18, for example welded on, so that the support webs 32 are together Cover the top in the edge area of the folded profile sheet 18 with the intermediate pieces.

The support webs 32 can be cohesively bonded to one another, e.g. B. connected by gluing or welding; In principle, however, it is sufficient if they are subsequently riveted to the frame 8 and/or the upper cover element 36.

In addition, in a subsequent processing step D) of the manufacturing process, reinforcing elements 34, 35 are inserted from the top 21 into the depressions 22 and/or from the bottom 23 into the elevations 20, which rest on the flanks 24, and in particular in a materially bonded manner, e.g. B. can be attached by welding and/or gluing and/or in a form-fitting manner. 8, the reinforcing elements are designed as trapezoidal sheets 34, which thus rest on the flanks 24 and in the recesses 22. 22 shows, for illustration, a folded profile sheet 18 with inserted trapezoidal sheets 34 without struts 26, 27. According to the embodiment of FIGS. 10 and 11, the reinforcing elements are designed as wedge-shaped sheet metal inserts 35. The reinforcing elements 34, 35 can themselves have topology holes 41 to optimize weight. Subsequently, in a method step E), the struts 26, 27 are placed through the recesses 14, 14a and connected to them by welding and/or gluing, so that the training shown, for example, in FIGS. 1, 2, 8 and 11 results.

The frames 8 are produced according to process step G) and set up according to process step F), initially without fixation in the X direction.

The folded profile sheets 18, reinforced by struts 26, 27, are then placed with their support surfaces 19 on the two adjacent frames 8 in a method step I), as can be seen, for example, in FIG. 12. In the embodiments with nose 9, the reinforced, folded profile sheets are used

18 is set accordingly from the side or in the x direction. The supporting surfaces

19 extend in particular over the support webs 32 and the ends of the elevations 20. An upper frame hole grid 81 is formed on the top side 80 of the frames 8. As stated above, additional intermediate plates can be placed between the support webs 32. Here, the upper frame hole grid 81 of the two adjacent frames 8 is aligned with the upper profile hole grid 110. Correspondingly, a lower frame hole grid 83 is formed on the underside 82 of the frames 8, which in the above-mentioned embodiments with the holes of the Noses 9 are aligned.

Subsequently, in a method step K), upper cover elements 36 and preferably lower cover elements 38 are placed on or under the frames 8 and fastened to the frames and the profile sheets 18, so that the structural sheet metal profiles 10 are formed, as can be seen, for example, in FIG. 12. The cover elements 36 and 38 in particular have cover element hole grids 30, 31 of rivet holes 128 corresponding to the hole grid of the rivet holes 28 of the folded profile sheet 18, preferably an upper cover element hole grid 30 on the upper cover element 36 and a lower cover element on the lower cover element 38 -Hole grid 31 is formed. The rivet holes are 28 and 128 thus aligned or aligned with one another so that rivets 40 can be used for the connection. The rivet 40 can z. B. can only be used from the top. The rivet holes 28 are advantageously provided both in the elevations 20 and in the depressions 22, and also in the support webs 32, and thus enable the cover elements 36, 38 to be attached and fixed over the entire surface. Plastic layers can be inserted between the profiled sheet 18 and the cover elements 36, 38 can be placed.

Here, an upper cover element 36 is placed on the top 21, i.e. H. on the elevations 20 and support webs 32 of the profile sheet 18, if necessary also on the intermediate sheets, and the hole grids 30 and 110 are connected to one another. Furthermore, the underside 23, i.e. H. a lower cover element 38 is placed under the recesses 22 and the hole grids 31 and 112 are connected to one another.

Thus, the upper cover element is also placed with support surfaces 119 provided on the edge on the support surfaces 19 of the profile sheets 19, if necessary also on intermediate sheets, and on the frames 8, i.e. in this area the support surfaces 19 and 119 lie on the frames.

The upper cover element 36 thus rests on the top side 21 of the structural sheet metal profile 10 and on the frame top sides 80. Thus, the support web 32 is accommodated between the upper cover element 36 and the frame top 80, whereby fixation can also be carried out with the continuous rivets 40, which are thus through the upper cover element hole grid 30, the upper profile hole grid 110 and the upper Frame hole grid 81 can be set.

In addition, the lower cover elements 38 are attached from the underside 23 of the profile sheets 18 and placed on the frame undersides 82, and over the lower cover element hole grid 31 and the lower hole grid the structural sheet metal profiles and the lower frame hole grids are aligned and secured.

The starting sheet 12 and the reinforcing ribs 34 are advantageously made of aluminum, so that no electrical stresses or corrosion occur in the contact areas, and the expansion behavior of the material continues to correspond. The cover elements 36, 38 can also be designed as cover plates made of aluminum, so that no electrical stresses or corrosion occur and the expansion behavior of the material continues to correspond. If necessary, the cover elements can also be made of plastic or, for example, coated wood. The structural sheet metal profile 10 can form a closed volume.

Bending results in tolerances, i.e. the dimensions of the profiled sheets 18 in the y-direction change due to the tolerances, but not the dimension in the x-direction in which the profiled sheets 18 connect the frames 8.

Method steps I) and K) are used to position or fix the position of the frames 8. To form the boat hull 4, the frames 8 are first set up next to one another, that is, essentially parallel to one another; Here, the frames 8 are not firmly fixed in their position, but are initially placed next to each other in an adjustable manner. Their position relative to each other is determined by placing profile sheets 18 and upper cover elements 36 and, if necessary, the lower cover elements 38, ie by method steps I) and K). The frames and profile sheets 18 and upper cover elements 36 are aligned via the hole grid. The individual frames 8 are thus spaced apart in the longitudinal direction x of the boat, and in this longitudinal direction not by z. B. profiles or other structural parts connected. Fixation in the longitudinal direction only takes place subsequently through the attached profile sheets 18 and the cover elements 36 and 38. This can be done However, the cover elements 36 and 38 may also be added subsequently, for example. B. can be set up as meter goods.

For assembly, as can be seen in particular from FIGS. 21 to 24, two frames 8 are first placed upright next to each other, i.e. spaced apart in the longitudinal direction x, and profile sheets 18 and upper cover elements 36 are successively placed between the two frames 8 in such a way that the upper profile Hole grid 110 and upper cover element hole grid 30 are aligned with the upper frame hole grids 81 of both frames 8. The frames run in the transverse direction y and on the sides also in the vertical direction z, as can be seen from FIGS. 21 to 24. Correspondingly, the transverse direction y, which is shown in the figures for the structural profile sheets 10, also extends partially in the Z direction of the support structure 6 or the catamaran 1 in FIGS. 21 to 24.

Thus, for precise alignment and adjustment, the frames 8 are adjusted accordingly in the longitudinal direction of the boat hull 4 so that they are aligned with the upper profile hole grid 110. The frames 8 and profile sheets 18 are thus aligned solely based on the hole pattern of the two elements. After alignment, the elements 8, 18 can first be fixed to one another using rivet holders, so that rivets 40 can subsequently be inserted. Thus, the frames 8 can be aligned and fixed to one another using some profile sheets 18. In this step, all profile sheets 18 can be placed between the frames 8, or a sufficient number so that the frames 8 are fixed in position relative to one another.

Subsequently, the adjacent frames 8 are attached, and profile sheets 18 are again placed between them, with alignment again taking place via their hole grids 81, 110, and the frames 8 are thus fixed relative to one another. Thus, in general, an intermediate placement is initially provided; with a double tab at the top and bottom, the frames are threaded or inserted between them and then riveted. Thus can the boat hull 4 is successively aligned and fixed in its structure, with the CN C prefabricated hole grid, ie in particular the upper frame hole grid 81 and the upper profile hole grid 110, being aligned with one another. This means that no rivet holes have to be drilled on site.

21 and 22, 24 show the design of the ship's hull 4, Fig. 25 shows the catamaran 1 produced in this way, in particular a Swath (Small Waterplane Area Twin Hull) catamaran or catamaran with a double hull with a small waterline area. 25, the catamaran 1 has a hull 4 on which a structure 5 is formed, for example with cabins for the passengers and control devices. The ship's hull 4 in turn has two lateral floating bodies 2, 3 and a support structure 6 connecting the floating bodies 2, 3, which is designed with a plurality of bow-shaped or half-open frames 8 arranged parallel to one another. Structural sheet metal profiles 10 are provided between the frames 8, which on the one hand serve to connect the frames 8 and also form a flat finish with the frames 8.

According to Fig. 24, the support structure 6 can have upper and lower frames 8, which define a transverse plane or YZ plane. Between the upper and lower frames 8, a lattice structure 130, in particular a lattice tube structure 130, is provided, for example by a truss structure made of connecting profiles 131, for example square tubes 131, which, however, does not connect frames 8 to one another in the longitudinal direction x. Thus, in the The lattice tube structure 130 can be inserted into the lower frames and/or upper frames 8, preferably in finger-jointed engagements and/or inserted laterally. In the method shown in Fig. 26, the profile sheets are first

18 trained by

- Process step A) Providing the starting sheet 12 and, if necessary, other materials

- Method step B) - punching the starting sheet 12, i.e. forming a hole pattern 16 with recesses 14, 14a, topology holes 15 and rivet holes 28

- Process step C) folding the perforated starting sheet 12 along edge lines 17;

- Process steps D), E) - in any order - Process step D) Insertion of the reinforcing ribs 34 or trapezoidal sheets into the recesses 22, in particular connecting by material bonding, i.e. in particular welding and / or gluing, Process step E) Insertion of the long oblique strut 26 and the two short struts 27, which together form an

- Process step G) producing the frames 8 to form the frame hole grids 81, 83

- Process step H) Setting up the frames 8 and

- Method step I) successively aligning two adjacent frames 8 on the profile sheet(s) 18 placed between them and fastening the profile sheets 18 between the frames 8,

- Method step K) the upper cover elements 36 and preferably lower cover elements 38 are attached to the frames 8 and the profile sheets 18, so that the structural sheet metal profiles 10 are formed. As described above, the profile sheets 18 are formed with lateral support webs 32, which thus form part of the top 21. The upper profile hole grid 110 thus extends over the top 21 including the support webs 32. The support webs 32 are therefore provided in the non-folded part of the starting sheet 12. The upper profile hole grid 110 also extends over the support webs 32. When the starting sheet 12 is folded, the length of the starting sheet 12 is reduced in the transverse direction y, ie the folded profile sheet 18 is shorter. Accordingly, there is no change in the longitudinal direction X. Thus, the upper profile hole grid 110 in the longitudinal direction x is not influenced by the folding process.

By subsequently placing the profile sheets 18 with the support webs 32 on the frame upper sides 80 of the frames 8, and aligning the upper profile hole grid 110 in the support webs 32 with the upper frame hole grids 81, the two hole grids 81 are aligned and 110 to each other in this longitudinal direction x alone, i.e. H. perpendicular to the bending line or folding direction y of the structural sheet metal profiles. This ensures a high fit of the CN C prefabricated hole grids 81 and 110, which is not affected by the bending process. The entire structure of the boat hull 4 is thus determined by the CN C prefabricated hole grids 81, 110, with the profile sheets 18 being successively placed between the frames 8 and aligned or fixed. The same applies preferably to the embodiments with lower lugs 9, which extend in the longitudinal direction x and rest against the underside of the frame.

In the embodiment shown here, in which the upper frame hole grids 81 are formed on the frame tops 80, fixation and alignment also takes place independently of tolerances in the frames 8. If the frames 8 z. B. form a 10O square tube, which has production-related tolerances of e.g. B. 1 mm, the width of the frames can also be 99 mm or 101 mm. For alignment and However, this is not relevant to the design of the boat hull 4; The upper frame hole grids 81 are formed from the top on the frames 8, whereby they are related to a center line 85 of the frame tops 80 as shown in FIG. By subsequently placing a structural sheet metal profile 10 on the two adjacent frames 8 and aligning the hole grids 81, 110 with one another, a relative displacement of the upper frame hole grid 81 on the frame top 80 is not relevant, since the upper frame hole grid 81 is aligned with the center line 85

Since the upper frame hole grids 81 are aligned with the center lines 85, and the profile sheets 18 are also mounted on the frame hole grids 82, the manufacturing-related tolerances, i.e. H. the width of the individual frames 8 is not included in the further alignment and assembly.

Since the upper (and lower) frame hole grid 81 is formed from the center line 85, systematic tolerances cannot add up: For each frame 8, the upper frame hole grid 81 is in turn formed from the center line 85, so that the profile -Hole grid 110 can be fixed to this frame hole grid. These tolerances do not add up. Only the CNC-manufactured hole pattern, i.e. H. the upper and lower frame hole grid 81 as well as the upper profile hole grid 110 and lower profile hole grid 112 define the distances to this.

In a modified embodiment, the structural sheet metal profiles do not form any support webs 32 on the side, but rather the profile sheet 18 is bent downwards in the lateral area and attached to the front side of the side surfaces of the frames 8. A corresponding tolerance of the frames 8 therefore results in a shift in the hole pattern. However, this training is preferably only used as a supplement in special areas of the boat hull. In the modified design for special areas, for example, the upper frame hole grid 81 is formed from the side surface. This means that system-related tolerances, for example: B. the profiles each have a width of 101 mm (millimeters), add up successively, which is not possible when aligned with the center line 85.

The prefabricated hole grids in all elements can therefore enable secure fastening without having to compensate for tolerances on site.

The profile sheets 18, frames 8 and cover elements 36, 38 can also be fastened in a materially bonded manner using adhesive and/or by welding. In particular, an adhesive can be introduced between the top of the frame 80 and the support webs 32, as well as between the top of the frame 80 and the underside of the upper cover elements, which on the one hand provides a material bond and also enables a seal.

According to a further embodiment, plastic layers can also be placed between the frame tops 80 and the support webs 32 as well as the upper cover element 36 in order to achieve a seal. This means that closed, sealed volumes can be created in the individual structural sheet metal profiles 10, which thus improve the buoyancy and ensure unsinkability.

Furthermore, in addition, a waterproof outer cover advantageously comes on the top of the upper cover elements 36, and preferably a waterproof underlayer on the outside of the lower cover elements 38.

As can be seen from Figure 12, a common upper cover element 36 can also be used, for example. B. be placed on two profile sheets 18, ie placed on three frames 8, the upper cover element 36 being an upper cover element. Hole grid 30, which enables attachment to both profile sheets 18 and the three frames 8.

Furthermore, special components can be used in the curved areas, in particular the bow of the boat hull 4. Thanks to these special elements, the design according to the invention with frames and structural sheet metal profiles as well as cover elements can also be carried out consistently in these curved areas.

Figures 16, 17 show the use of a curved cover element, which thus describes a radius on its upper side, whereby a profiled sheet 18 according to Figures 19 and 22 can be used.

Figures 19 and 22 show the design of modified structural sheet metal profiles 10, with a radius being formed on the top of the curved profile sheet 18 according to FIG 18, lugs 98 of an attached connecting plate 97 are inserted from above, the attached connecting plate 97 in turn forming a hole grid, which can thus be placed on the front side of the side surface of a frame 8 and aligned and fastened. In particular, no support webs 32 are provided here, but the starting sheet 12 is preferably folded in such a way that it is subsequently placed on the front side of the inside of the frames 8, and there z. B. is attached via hole grids formed on the side surfaces of the frames 8.

By using such specially modified elements, training in the curved areas of the boat hull 4 is also possible.

13, 14, 15 show the formation of angled frames 8, which are used to form the bracket shape or the U-shape of the frames 8 is provided. For the bending, a frame 8 is first milled out on three sides, that is, a wedge-shaped recess 90 is formed in the frame 8 by cutting out three of the four sides of the frame 8 designed as a square tube, and the fourth side remains to form a bending line 91 . Furthermore, the top of the frame 8 is designed for a finger-jointed engagement 92. The frame 8 formed in this way is subsequently bent along the bending line 81 so that the finger-jointed engagement 92 is formed, the frame 8 being additionally welded here, so that the angled frame 8 shown in FIG. 13 is formed. In addition, as shown in FIG. 15, reinforcement is provided by laterally attached reinforcing plates 95, which are attached to the side surfaces of the frame 8. Here, a lateral perforated grid 93 is provided on the side surfaces of the frames 8, and a corresponding reinforcing plate perforated grid 86 is formed on the reinforcing plates or side plates 95, so that the reinforcing plates 95 are attached directly to the frames 8 and reinforce them. By forming the reinforcing plate hole grid 86 in the reinforcing plates 85, the shape of the frames or the angle is precisely determined, so that tolerances can be avoided here.

Fig. 27 shows a reinforcement or stiffening intermediate plate 140 or stiffening plate, which is formed from a metal strip with rivet holes 218 and edge lines 217 and, for example, support surfaces 232. 28, for reinforcement or stiffening in the vertical direction z, it is placed between two structural sheet metal profiles 10, for example riveted by means of rivet holes 218 to the rivet holes of the cover elements 36, 38, and/or glued or welded, for example with folded support surfaces 232 for support the cover elements 36, 38. This reinforcement is particularly helpful in an upper region of the support structure 6 or the superstructure 4 of the catamaran 1, in which a larger vertical distance is formed between the levels, as can be seen in particular from FIGS. 23 and 24. Fig. 29 shows an embodiment of the folded profile sheet 18 without recesses 14, 14a and without struts. Here, in particular, additional reinforcing elements, for example the wedge-shaped sheet metal elements 35 from FIGS. 10 and 11, can be used. The upper and lower cover plates 36, 38 are attached as in the previous embodiments.

30, 31 shows an embodiment of the folded profile sheet 18, in particular a folded profile sheet without struts, with reinforcing T-profiles 141 inserted into the recesses 22.

In the embodiment of FIG. 30, the elevations and depressions do not run exactly in the transverse direction y, but rather obliquely, which can increase the rigidity - especially in designs without struts.

Fig. 31 represents a rear view of Fig. 30.

32 shows a further embodiment in which no strut is provided. It corresponds to Fig. 30 without the T-profiles. Here the elevations 20 and depressions 22 run obliquely to the struts 8.

33 to 37 show embodiments in which the folded profile sheet 10 extends over three frames 8. Just like the upper cover plate 36 in FIG. 12, the folded profile plate 10 can also extend over more than two frames 8. For this purpose, as shown in FIG. 34, the struts are designed with recesses for receiving the central frame 8, and a continuous recess, for example, is also formed in the recesses 22.

Fig. 33 shows the reinforcement with a cross; for placement, the folded profile sheet 18 lies with its central recess on the central frame 8. According to one embodiment, a strut with a recess can extend in the transverse direction, which thus receives the frame and forms a cross with the frame. In Fig. 34 the struts 26, 27 are additionally used. In Fig. 35 the middle frame 8 is recorded accordingly. In the top view of FIG. 37, the fastening holes 28 are shown on the top.

In principle, the profile sheets and/or the upper and lower profile elements can be placed between exactly two adjacent frames. Furthermore, the folded profile sheet and/or the upper cover element and/or the lower cover element can also extend over more than two, in particular over three frames, i.e. cover a central frame. This means that flat surface areas in particular can also be covered with a smaller number of parts, with reduced assembly time.

Figures 38 to 40 show further embodiments of a folded profile sheet 18, which in particular serves completely or partially for frontal contact with the frames 8. In this case, areas of the webs, the elevations and/or the depressions on the sides can be folded over so that they rest against the frames at the front.

The process steps for forming the support structure 6 and/or the ship's hull 4 are thus according to FIG. 26:

After starting in step StO initially

A) to E) as described above, the formation of the profile sheets 18 with struts 26, 27 and reinforcing ribs 34

F) Production of the floating bodies 2, 3

G) Production of the frames 8

- in variable order of steps A) to G), The support structure 6 or the boat hull 4 is then manufactured

H) Setting up the frames 8 by inserting the frames 8 into the floating bodies 2, 3, initially without precisely fixing the frames in the longitudinal direction x

I) successively aligning two adjacent frames 8 on the profiled sheets 18 placed between them, and attaching the profiled sheets 18 to the frames 8, while aligning and fixing the frames 8 in the longitudinal direction x

K) Attaching at least the upper cover elements 36, preferably also the lower cover elements 38, and

L) Attaching additional elements such as sealing foils.

List of reference symbols catamaran, 3 floating body hull structure on hull 4 supporting structure frames a frame ends lugs on the underside 0 structural sheet metal profile 2 starting sheet 4 recess 4a recess in the middle area 5 topology holes 6 hole pattern in starting sheet 12, contains the rivet holes 28 of the profile grid 110, 112, the recesses 14, 14a and the topology holes 157 edge lines 8 folded profile sheet 9 support surfaces of the folded profile sheet 18 for resting on the

Frames 8 0 elevation 1 top of the folded profile sheet 18 2 recess 3 underside of the folded profile sheet 18 4 flanks 6, 27 sloping struts 8 fastening holes, especially rivet holes, in the folded profile sheet 18 0 upper cover element hole pattern, ie hole pattern of the upper cover element 36 31 lower cover element hole grid, ie hole grid of the lower cover element 38

32 support bars, bars

33 cuts or incisions between the webs 32 and the flanks 24

34 Reinforcing element as a reinforcing rib, in particular trapezoidal sheet metal

35 reinforcing element as a wedge-shaped sheet metal element

36 upper cover element

38 lower cover element

40 rivets

41 topology hole in reinforcement element

80 frame top

81 upper frame hole grid

82 frame underside

83 lower frame hole grid

85 Center line of the frame top 80

86 reinforcement plate hole grid

90 three-sided recess in the frame 8

91 bending line in the frame 8

92 toothing, e.g. finger joint engagement

93 side hole grid

95 reinforcement plates

97 attached connecting plate

98 lugs of the connecting plate 97

110 upper profile hole grid

112 lower profile hole grid

119 support surfaces of the upper cover element 36 for resting on the frames 8 128 fastening holes, in particular rivet holes in cover elements 36, 38

130 lattice structure, e.g. lattice tube structure

140 reinforcement intermediate plate

141 reinforcing T-profile

218 rivet holes in the reinforcement intermediate plate 140 217 edge lines in the reinforcement intermediate plate 140

232 contact surfaces of the reinforcing intermediate plate 140

X longitudinal direction

Y transverse direction

Z vertical direction

Claims

Claims Structural sheet metal profile (10) for a support structure (6), in particular for a boat hull, which has:

- a profiled sheet (18) folded along edge lines (17), which can be inserted between two parallel, adjacent frames (8) of the support structure (6) and fastened to the frames (8), the profiled sheet (18) being on its upper side (21 ) has an upper profile hole grid (110),

- an upper cover element (36), which has an upper cover element perforated grid (30) and is placed on the profiled sheet (18), the upper profile perforated grid (110) and the upper cover element perforated grid (30) being aligned with one another and over Fastening means (40) are connected, characterized in that

- the upper cover element (36) and/or the folded profile sheet (18) has support surfaces (19, 119) for resting on the two frames (8),

- the upper cover element hole grid (30) and/or the upper profile hole grid (110) is intended for alignment with the frame hole grid (81) of the frames (8) and for connection to the frame hole grid (81) of the frames ( 8) via fasteners (40). Structural sheet metal profile (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that

- the folded profile sheet (18) has support webs (32) on the side areas,

- the upper profile hole grid (110) extends over the support webs (32) and fastening holes (28) of the upper profile hole grid (110) are formed in the support webs (32),

- Each support web (32) is designed as part of the support surface (19) of the profile sheet (18) for resting on a frame top (80) of one of the frames (8) and for positioning between the frame Top (80) and the upper cover element (36),

- The holes in the support webs (32) can be aligned with the upper frame hole grid (81) and fastened using fasteners (40).

3. Structural sheet metal profile (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the profile sheet (18) has: a folded transverse direction (y), the dimension of which is determined by the folds, and an unfolded longitudinal direction (x), whereby the dimension of the profile sheet (18) in the unedged longitudinal direction (x) and the distances between the holes of the profile hole grid in the unedged longitudinal direction (x) are not determined by the folds, with the frames (8) through the profile sheets (18) of the structural sheet metal profiles

(10) can be connected to one another in the unedged longitudinal direction (x).

4. Structural sheet metal profile (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the profile sheet is formed from a perforated starting sheet (12) by edges in such a way that it has

- several parallel, spaced-apart elevations (20) running in an upper level and

- Depressions (22) formed between the elevations (20) and running in a lower plane, with obliquely sloping flanks (24) running between the elevations (20) and the depressions (22), .

5. Structural sheet metal profile (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that

- from the top (21) into the recesses (22) and/or

- from the bottom into the elevations (20)

Reinforcing elements (34, 35) for stiffening the structural sheet metal profile (10) are inserted and fastened, in particular on sloping flanks, for example as reinforcing ribs (34) and/or wedge-shaped elements (35).

6. Structural sheet metal profile (10) according to one of claims 4 to 5, characterized in that the elevations on the side areas are bent downwards to form a frontal contact with the adjacent frame, a hole pattern being formed on the bent areas of the elevations, which can be aligned and fastened in a hole pattern on the side surfaces of the frames (8).

7. Structural sheet metal profile (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further has a lower cover element (38) with a lower cover element hole grid (31), which is placed on the underside (23) of the folded profile sheet (18) and is attached, its lower cover element hole grid (31) being aligned with a lower profile hole grid (112) of the folded profile sheet (18) and/or connected via fastening means (40).

8. Structural sheet metal profile (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that, apart from the folded profile sheet (18), the upper cover element (36) and the lower cover element (38), it has no further elements extending over at least two frames (8).

9. Structural sheet metal profile (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the profile sheet (18) is designed without struts extending at least partially in the transverse direction (y), preferably completely without reinforcing struts. Structural sheet metal profile (10) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the profile sheet (18) has recesses (14, 14a), with struts (26, 27) reinforcing through the recesses (14, 14a) of the profile sheet (18). , struts (26, 27) running on the folded profile sheet (18) are set, in particular in one of the following orientations of the struts (26, 27)

- running at least partially in the transverse direction (y) of the profiled sheet (18),

- crossing or as an X-formation,

- Can be attached to the frames (8) in the end regions of the struts (26, 27), e.g. B. weldable. Structural sheet metal profile (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that topology holes (15) are formed in the folded profile sheets (18) in addition to the holes in the perforated grid to optimize weight. Supporting structure (6), in particular for a boat hull (4), the supporting structure (6) having: a plurality of frames (8) arranged parallel to one another, each of which extends in a transverse direction (y) and is spaced apart in a longitudinal direction (x), wherein the frames (8) have support surfaces (80, 82) with at least one frame hole grid (81, 83), a plurality of structural sheet metal profiles (10) according to one or more of the preceding claims, each of which is placed between two adjacent frames (8), wherein the upper cover element hole grid (30) of the upper cover elements (36) are each placed on two adjacent frames (8) and the folded profile sheet (18) placed between the frames (8b), the frame hole grid (81, 83) of both frames (8) and that Upper cover element hole grid (30) are aligned with one another and connected via fasteners (40). Supporting structure (6) according to claim 12, characterized in that the support surfaces of the frames (8) are frame tops (80) on which upper frame hole grids (81) are formed, the upper cover element (36) with its upper cover element - Hole grid (30) rests on the upper frame hole grids (81) of the two adjacent frames (8), is aligned and fastened. Supporting structure (6) according to one of claims 12 to 13, characterized in that the frames (8) each have a lower frame hole grid (83) on their frame undersides (82), a lower cover element (38) with a lower cover element -Hole grid (31) is placed on the underside (23) of the folded profile sheet (18) and on the frame undersides (82) of the two adjacent frames (8), the lower frame hole grid (83) being aligned and secured via fasteners ( 40) is attached with

- the lower cover element hole grid (31) and/or

- A lower profile hole grid (112) formed on the underside (23) of the folded profile sheet (18). Support structure (6) according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that a distance between the two adjacent, parallel frames (8) in the longitudinal direction (X) is determined, in particular exclusively determined by

- the profile hole grid (110) of the profile sheet (18) placed between the adjacent frames (8), and/or

- the upper cover element hole grid (30) on the two frames (8) set upper cover element (36), and/or

- the lower cover element hole grid (31) on the two frames

(8) set lower cover element (38).

16. Support structure (6) according to one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that the frames (8) are connected and / or fixed in the longitudinal direction exclusively by the structural sheet metal profiles (10).

17. Support structure (6) according to one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that in partial areas of the support structure (6), e.g. B. a front curved area of the support structure (6), further structured structural sheet metal profiles are provided which have a flat perforated sheet metal.

18. Support structure (6) according to one of claims 12 to 17, characterized in that a thermal insulation layer, e.g. B. plastic, is provided between

- the upper cover element (36) and the structural sheet metal profile (10) and/or the frames (8), and/or

- the lower cover element (38) and the structural sheet metal profile (10) and/or the frames (8).

19. Support structure (6) according to one of claims 12 to 18, characterized in that an upper frame (8) and a lower frame (8) run in a common transverse plane (YZ), spaced apart in the vertical direction (Z) and across a lattice structure (130) are connected to one another, the lattice structure (130) connecting the two frames (8) to one another in the transverse plane (XY), whereby

- two upper frames (8) and/or adjacent in the longitudinal direction (X).

- two lower frames (8) adjacent in the longitudinal direction (X) are connected to each other only by the structural sheet metal profiles (10), so that the distance between the two adjacent upper frames (8) in the longitudinal direction (X) and / or the distance between the two adjacent lower frames (8) in the longitudinal direction (X) only through the structural sheet metal profiles (10) is fixed. Supporting structure (6) according to claim 19, characterized in that the lattice tube structure (130) has connecting profiles (131) which are placed one inside the other with the lower frame (8) and the upper frame (8), preferably in finger-joint engagement and/or inserted laterally . Support structure (6) according to one of claims 12 to 20, characterized in that in angled areas (8b) of the support structure (6), the frames (8) are recessed on three sides and bent in a bending line (91) in such a way that in the Frame (8) an angle, in particular an obtuse angle, is formed. Support structure (6) according to claim 21, characterized in that in the angled region (8b) of the frame (8) on the side opposite the bending line (91) a toothing (92) is formed, e.g. B. through projections outstanding from one side and receptacles formed on the other side to redirect cracks that occur. Supporting structure (6) according to one of claims 21 to 22, characterized in that lateral reinforcing plates (95) with hole patterns (94) are attached to the angled region of the frame (8) and fastened to hole patterns (93) of the frame (8), wherein the hole patterns (94) of the reinforcing plates (95) determine the angle of the frame (8). Support structure (6) according to one of claims 12 to 23, characterized in that in order to form a curved region of the support structure (6), a structural sheet metal profile (10) is designed in such a way that a connecting sheet metal (97) extends vertically through it at its longitudinal end Profile sheet (18) is set, a radius at the longitudinal end of the profile sheet (18) and a bending radius of the attached connecting sheet (97) being coordinated with one another to form a curved longitudinal end of the structural sheet metal profile (10). Supporting structure (6) according to one of claims 12 to 24, characterized in that the structural sheet metal profiles (10), the frames (8) and the cover elements (36, 38) are made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, in particular a seawater-resistant aluminum alloy, are manufactured. Supporting structure (6) according to one of claims 12 to 25, characterized in that at least one reinforcing intermediate plate (140) is placed and fastened between two structural sheet metal profiles (10) in a vertical direction (z), in particular as folded on edge lines (217). Sheet metal, for example with folded support surfaces (232) and/or rivet holes (218) for fastening to cover elements (36, 38) of the two structural sheet metal profiles (10). Support structure (6) according to one of claims 12 to 26, characterized in that at least one structural profile sheet and/or a folded profile sheet and/or an upper cover element (36) and/or a lower cover element (38) extends over more than two, in particular extends over three frames (8) and thus covers a middle frame (8). Boat hull (4), in particular a catamaran (1), which has a support structure (6) according to one of claims 12 to 27, wherein a circumferential, tight outer shell is formed on an upper side of the boat hull (4), and on an inside of the boat hull A continuous inner coating is designed in such a way that the frames (8), the structural profile elements (10) and cover elements (36, 38) are accommodated between the outer shell and the inner coating. Boat hull (4) according to claim 28, characterized in that a closed, sealed volume is formed by the cover elements (36, 38) and the frames (8), in which the structural sheet metal profile (10) is accommodated, so that the boat hull (4 ) has several closed, separate volumes. Boat hull (4) according to claim 28 or 29, characterized in that the frames (8) are each bow-shaped or U-shaped and open at the bottom, and have profile pieces running downwards at their lower ends with which the frames (8) are inserted into lower receiving bodies, in particular floating bodies (2, 3). Catamaran (1), which has: two lower, parallel floating bodies (2, 3), a boat hull (4) according to claim 30, which is inserted into the floating bodies (2, 3) with its downwardly extending profile pieces and is fastened in them, and a structure (5) provided on an upper side of the boat hull (4), in particular for accommodating passengers. Method for producing a support structure, in particular for a boat hull (4) of a catamaran (1), the method having at least the following steps:

- Edges of a perforated starting sheet (12) to a folded profile sheet (18), with the fastening holes (28) on the top of the profile sheet

(18) form an upper profile hole grid (110), and

- Forming frames (8) with an upper frame hole grid (81) on the top of the frames (8),

- Arranging or setting up the frames (8) parallel to one another,

- Inserting the profile sheets (18) between at least two adjacent frames (8) and attaching them to the frames (8),

- Placing an upper cover element (36), which has an upper cover element hole grid (30), on two adjacent frames (8) and the profiled sheet (18) held between them in such a way that the upper cover element hole grid (30) on the one hand The upper frame hole grid (81) and on the other hand are aligned with the upper profile hole grid (110), thereby determining the distance between the two adjacent frames (8), and

Connecting the hole grid (30, 81, 110) using fastening elements (40). Method according to claim 32, characterized in that recesses (14, 14a) are formed in flanks (24) of the profile sheet (18) and/or the starting sheet (12), and

- reinforcing struts (26, 27) are inserted through the recesses (14, 14a) of the folded profile sheet (18) and attached to the folded profile sheet (18) or several folded profile sheets (18). Method according to claim 32 or 33, characterized in that

- a lower frame hole grid (83) is formed on the underside of the frames (8),

- by folding some of the fastening holes (28) on the underside of the profile sheet (18) to form a lower profile hole grid (112),

- a lower cover element (38) is placed on the underside of the profile sheet (18) and the underside of the frames (8), which has a lower cover element hole grid (31),

- wherein the lower cover element hole grid (31) is aligned on or with the lower frame hole grid (83) and / or on or with the lower profile hole grid (112), and

- The lower cover element (38) is fastened to the underside of the frames (8) and to the underside of the structural sheet metal profile (10) in the hole catches (83, 112) using fasteners (40). Method according to one of claims 32 to 34, characterized in that in order to prevent mechanical stresses in the formed boat hull (4), the frames (8) are successively positioned in a longitudinal direction (x) and via the hole grid (30, 31, 81, 83, 110, 112) of the structural sheet metal profiles (10) and / or cover elements (36, 38) placed between them are aligned, connected to one another and fixed. Method according to claim 35, characterized in that a distance between two adjacent frames (8) is set by aligning the hole grids (81, 83) of the adjacent frames (8) to the hole grids (30, 31) of the cover elements (30) placed between them. 38) and/or the structural sheet metal profiles (10), whereupon a subsequent frame (8) which is aligned and fixed in this way is followed by a subsequent frame which is adjacent in the longitudinal direction (8) is aligned and connected by interposing the cover elements (30, 38) and/or the structural sheet metal profiles (10). Method according to claim 36, characterized in that the two adjacent frames (8) are initially not fixed and adjustable relative to one another in the longitudinal direction (x) and are only spaced apart by the cover elements (36, 38) and/or the structural sheet metal profiles (10). in the longitudinal direction (x) to each other. Method according to one of claims 32 to 37, characterized in that when the profile sheets are bent, a top side (21) is formed from parallel elevations (20) and a bottom side (23) from depressions (22) running between the elevations (20), wherein the flanks (24) are formed between the elevations (20) and the depressions (22), with support webs (32) being formed on the top, which delimit the depressions (22) in the longitudinal direction (x) and in particular flush with the elevations (20), with holes being formed in the support webs (32) which form part of the upper profile hole grid, and the support webs (32) being placed on the top of the frames (8) and the upper hole grid of the frames ( 8) and the holes in the support bars (32) must be aligned with one another. Method according to one of claims 32 to 38, characterized in that an adhesive is applied:

- between the folded profile sheet and the frames (8), and/or between the upper cover element (36) and the structural sheet metal profile (10), for a material connection and the formation of a seal. Method according to one of claims 32 to 39, characterized in that to form angled areas of a frame (8), a three-sided recess is formed in the frame (8), and the frame (8) is subsequently bent at a bending line in the remaining area, and subsequently reinforcing plates are attached laterally to the angled area of the frame (8), preferably riveted, in particular with a suitable hole pattern in the reinforcing plates and the sides of the frame (8). Method according to one of claims 32 to 40, characterized in that the upper frame hole grid is aligned with its center line and/or a center line of the frame (8) in particular in such a way that systematic tolerances do not add up. Method according to one of claims 32 to 41, characterized in that in the starting sheet (12) support webs (32) are separated by cutting lines (33), in particular from the material areas of the flanks (24), without cutting the starting sheet (12), and Folding in such a way that the flanks (24) are folded downwards, but the webs 32 are not folded so that they remain in the plane of the top (20). Method according to claim 42, characterized in that during folding, the starting sheet (12) is shortened in the transverse direction (Y), so that the support webs (32) of adjacent elevations (20) are brought closer to one another, in particular to come into contact with one another, and completely at edge areas or largely continuous webs (32) are formed, in particular as a top (21) surrounding the edge area. Method for producing a catamaran (1), in which a boat hull (4) is formed using a method according to one of claims 32 to 43, two floating bodies (2, 3) are arranged parallel and spaced apart from one another, the frames (8 ) each open at the bottom, bow-shaped or U-shaped and inserted with their lower frame ends (8a) into the floating bodies (2, 3) from above.