WO2023218798A1 - 測距装置及びカウンタ - Google Patents
測距装置及びカウンタ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023218798A1 WO2023218798A1 PCT/JP2023/013871 JP2023013871W WO2023218798A1 WO 2023218798 A1 WO2023218798 A1 WO 2023218798A1 JP 2023013871 W JP2023013871 W JP 2023013871W WO 2023218798 A1 WO2023218798 A1 WO 2023218798A1
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- Prior art keywords
- value
- counter
- binary code
- distance
- code
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
- G01S17/10—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse-modulated waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/89—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S17/894—Three-dimensional [3D] imaging with simultaneous measurement of time-of-flight at a two-dimensional [2D] array of receiver pixels, e.g. time-of-flight cameras or flash lidar
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/93—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S17/931—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/486—Receivers
- G01S7/4861—Circuits for detection, sampling, integration or read-out
- G01S7/4863—Detector arrays, e.g. charge-transfer gates
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/486—Receivers
- G01S7/4865—Time delay measurement, e.g. time-of-flight measurement, time of arrival measurement or determining the exact position of a peak
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M7/00—Conversion of a code where information is represented by a given sequence or number of digits to a code where the same, similar or subset of information is represented by a different sequence or number of digits
- H03M7/14—Conversion to or from non-weighted codes
- H03M7/16—Conversion to or from unit-distance codes, e.g. Gray code, reflected binary code
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a distance measuring device and a counter.
- a surface-emitting laser is emitted by a light emission signal output from a pulse generator, the light reflected from the target is received by a pixel array, and the received signal and the output from the pulse generator are used to measure distance.
- a TDC Time to Digital Converter
- a Gray code is sometimes used as this TDC code to avoid distance measurement errors due to simultaneous bit transitions.
- this Gray code has 2 n (n: an integer greater than or equal to 1) codes. For this reason, TDC circuits using Gray codes use counters that cycle through counts that are powers of two. However, if the distance you want to measure slightly exceeds (distance corresponding to one count value) ⁇ 2 n , it is necessary to extend the Gray code by 1 bit and cycle with a count of 2 n + 1 . Therefore, it is necessary to prepare a counter that is at most twice as long as the code corresponding to the distance, which causes problems such as an increase in power and a decrease in frame rate. Moreover, these problems become more serious as the number of bits increases.
- gray code control suitable for the range is provided.
- the distance measuring device includes one or more light emitting elements, a plurality of light receiving elements, a first counter, an encoder, a decoder, a second counter, and a distance extraction circuit.
- the plurality of light receiving elements receive light reflected from the light emitting element at the target.
- the first counter is an n-digit binary code from a first value to a second value that is 2 n - 1 - (the first value), and the next value after the second value is set as the first value.
- the state of the first binary code is changed at predetermined time intervals.
- the encoder converts the first binary code into an n-digit Gray code.
- the decoder obtains an n-digit second binary code from the Gray code based on the light reception timing of the light receiving element.
- the second counter counts the number of times light is received by the plurality of light receiving elements corresponding to each of the second binary codes.
- the distance extraction circuit measures the distance to the target based on the count value acquired by the second counter.
- the smaller value of the first value and the second value may be 0 or more and 2 n / 2 - 1 or less.
- the first counter may generate the first binary code by setting the next value of 2 n - 1 to 0.
- the first counter may increment the count value by 1 each time the state transitions.
- the first counter may generate the first binary code by setting the next value of 0 to 2 n - 1.
- the first counter may subtract 1 from the count value each time the state transitions.
- the first counter may further include a first value acquisition circuit that acquires 2 n - 1 - (the second value) as the first value based on the input second value, and the first counter Counting may be performed based on the input second value and the acquired first value.
- It may further include a second value acquisition circuit that acquires the second value based on the input first value, and the first counter is configured to acquire the second value based on the input first value and the acquired second value. You may count based on the value.
- the distance extraction circuit may measure the distance to the target using a histogram having a frequency corresponding to the number of states from the first value to the second value.
- the decoder may obtain the second binary code by subtracting the first value from the value obtained by converting the Gray code from the binary code.
- the second counter may form a histogram by setting a count value for the second binary code obtained by converting the Gray code into a binary code as a count value for a value obtained by subtracting the first value from the second binary code.
- the distance extraction circuit accumulates a count value for the second binary code obtained by converting the Gray code into a binary code in the second counter as a histogram, and corresponds to the first value with respect to the distance extracted from the histogram. You may also subtract the distance.
- the distance extraction circuit accumulates a count value for the second binary code obtained by converting the Gray code into a binary code as a histogram in the second counter, and calculates a predetermined distance from the distance extracted from the histogram. may be subtracted.
- the counter includes a first counter and an encoder.
- the first counter is an n-digit binary code from a first value to a second value that is 2 n - 1 - (the first value), and the next value after the second value is set as the first value.
- the state of the first binary code is changed at predetermined time intervals.
- the encoder converts the first binary code into an n-digit Gray code.
- the first counter may increment the count value by 1 every time there is a state transition.
- the first counter may decrement the count value by 1 every time there is a state transition.
- It may further include a decoder that converts the Gray code output by the encoder at the timing of receiving a predetermined control signal into a second binary code of n digits.
- the decoder may subtract the first value from the second binary code and output the result.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing an example of a distance measuring device according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing an example of a distance measuring circuit according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the correspondence between binary code and Gray code according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a required TDC code according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the correspondence between binary code and Gray code according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing an example of a distance measuring circuit according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a vehicle control system.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of installation positions of an outside-vehicle information detection section and an imaging section.
- a bit string in the present disclosure is defined, for example, as an unsigned bit string. Further, in the present disclosure, the conversion from a binary code to a Gray code and the conversion from a Gray code to a binary code may be implemented by a general method or circuit.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing an example of a distance measuring device according to an embodiment.
- the distance measuring device 1 includes a pulse generator 100, a TDC code generation circuit 104, a light receiving pixel array 106, a histogram generation circuit 108, and a distance acquisition circuit 110.
- a light emitting element 102 is provided inside or outside the distance measuring device 1 .
- the distance measuring device 1 is a device that measures the distance from a predetermined reference point (reference plane) to an object.
- the pulse generator 100 generates and outputs a pulse signal that is a control signal for causing the light emitting element 102 to emit light.
- the light emitting element 102 receives the pulse signal output from the pulse generator 100 and emits light.
- One or more light emitting elements 102 are provided inside or outside the distance measuring device 1 .
- the light emitting elements 102 may be provided in a one-dimensional or two-dimensional array.
- the TDC code generation circuit 104 generates a TDC code based on the clock signal and transmits it to each pixel in the light receiving pixel array 106.
- the TDC code generation circuit 104 uses, for example, a Gray code that does not require simultaneous transition of multiple bits at the timing of numerical value transition, as the TDC code.
- the TDC code generation circuit 104 generates a TDC code by changing the state of the Gray code according to the timing of the clock signal.
- the TDC code generation circuit 104 may generate a Gray code using the timing at which the pulse signal is received from the pulse generator 100 as an initial value, or may latch the Gray code at the timing at which the pulse signal is received in a latch circuit (not shown). You may.
- the state transition may be, for example, increment (count up) or decrement (count down). That is, the counter in the present disclosure may have a form in which the counter value increases by 1 every time there is a state transition, or may have a form in which the counter value decreases by 1 every time there is a state transition.
- the light-receiving pixel array 106 includes, for example, light-receiving pixels arranged in a two-dimensional array.
- Each light-receiving pixel includes a light-receiving element such as a PD (photodiode), and receives light emitted by the light-emitting element 102 and reflected from the target.
- the light-receiving pixel generates a signal by photoelectric conversion at the timing when the light-receiving element receives reflected light from an object.
- the light-receiving pixel latches the gray code output from the TDC code generation circuit 104 and outputs the gray code at the timing when a signal is generated by photoelectric conversion to the histogram generation circuit 108.
- the histogram generation circuit 108 generates a histogram for the Gray code at the timing when each of the light receiving pixel arrays 106 receives light.
- the distance acquisition circuit 110 acquires the distance to the target based on the histogram generated by the histogram generation circuit 108. For example, the distance acquisition circuit 110 acquires the time from the timing when the light emitting element 102 emits light to the timing when the light receiving pixel array 106 receives light from the Gray code corresponding to the maximum value of the histogram generated by the histogram generation circuit 108 , and calculates this time. Calculate the distance to the target based on.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a distance measuring circuit according to one embodiment.
- the distance measurement circuit 2 includes an arithmetic circuit 200, a first counter 202, a light emission signal generation circuit 204, an encoder 206, a light receiving element 208, a latch circuit 210, a decoder 212, a second counter 214, and a distance extraction circuit. Comprising circuit 216 and.
- the distance measuring circuit 2 is a circuit that is included in the distance measuring device 1 of FIG. 1 and executes the operations of each of the above components.
- the number of digits of the binary code and Gray code used in this distance measuring circuit 2 is assumed to be n. That is, the decimal values represented by the binary code and the Gray code range from 0 to 2 n - 1.
- the distance measuring circuit 2 is a circuit that receives the signal MAX indicating the maximum value of the binary code and the clock signal CLK, and measures and outputs the distance to the target.
- the signal MAX is, for example, a binary code value related to the maximum distance to be measured. Details of the value of the signal MAX will be described later.
- the ranging circuit 2 changes the state of the binary code or Gray code from a first value (initial value) to a second value (final value) based on a clock signal.
- the distance measuring circuit 2 may increment a code as a state transition.
- the distance measuring circuit 2 causes a transition to the first value as the next state of the second value.
- the distance measuring circuit 2 configures a counter by circulating the Gray code in the following order: 1st value ⁇ 1st value + 1 ⁇ ... ⁇ 2nd value ⁇ 1st value ⁇ ....
- the distance measuring circuit 2 configures a counter by circulating from the second value to the first value. If the second value ⁇ the first value, the ranging circuit 2 cycles the code by transitioning from the first value to 2 n - 1 and then transitioning to 0, and after transitioning from 0 to the second value, Transition to 1 value. In this way, the magnitude relationship between the first value and the second value is not particularly limited. The transition of these count values is executed by the first counter 202, for example.
- the distance measuring circuit 2 may decrement from the second value to the first value.
- the cycle from the first value to the second value can be defined in the same way. The same applies to the cycle from 0 to 2 n - 1 in the case where the second value ⁇ the first value.
- the state transition is an increment will be described, but the same can be applied to the case where the state transition is a decrement.
- the arithmetic circuit 200 is a circuit that executes a predetermined arithmetic operation when the signal MAX is input, and outputs the arithmetic result.
- the signal MAX may be, for example, a value corresponding to a second value representing the final value of the code.
- the arithmetic circuit 200 may be a first value acquisition circuit that calculates the first value from the second value.
- the first counter 202 is a circuit that generates a first binary code based on the signal MAX and the signal output by the arithmetic circuit 200.
- the first counter 202 counts from the first value, which is the initial value, to the second value by incrementing at the timing at which the clock signal CLK is input (timing at every predetermined time).
- the first counter 202 transitions the state to the first value as the next value after the second value.
- the light emitting signal generation circuit 204 outputs a signal that controls the light emitting element 102 to emit light based on the clock signal CLK.
- the first counter 202 starts counting binary codes at the timing when the clock signal CLK starts being input, and at the same timing, the light emission signal generation circuit 204 starts emitting light.
- the timing at which input of the clock signal CLK is started may be, for example, the timing of transition from the second value to the first value. This timing may be controlled by an external circuit. By controlling the input signal in this manner, it is also possible to appropriately control the Gray code in a state in which it is continuously circulated.
- the encoder 206 converts the n-digit first binary code generated by the first counter 202 into an n-digit Gray code.
- the encoder 206 converts the first binary code output from the first counter 202 into a Gray code at the timing when the clock signal CLK is input.
- the encoder 206 may include a memory circuit to hold the output of the first counter 202 and convert the held first binary code to Gray code at the timing when the clock signal CLK is input. good. In this case, the encoder 206 may convert the next transition state of the held binary code, simply the value added by 1, into a Gray code and output it to the latch circuit 210.
- the light-emitting element 102 emits light upon receiving the light-emission signal output by the light-emission signal generation circuit 204 .
- the light emitted by the light emitting element 102 is reflected by the object.
- the light-receiving element 208 receives the light emitted by the light-emitting element 102 that is reflected from the target, and outputs a signal indicating that it has received the light by photoelectrically converting it.
- the light receiving element 208 is an element provided in a plurality of pixels arranged in an array in the light receiving pixel array 106 in FIG. 1, and may be a PD, an APD (Avalanche Photo Diode), or a SPAD. (Single Photon Avalanche Diode).
- the latch circuit 210 latches the gray code output from the encoder 206 and outputs the latched value to the decoder 212 at the timing when the light receiving element 208 receives light.
- a plurality of light receiving elements 208 and latch circuits 210 are provided.
- the latch circuit 210 may be provided in one-to-one correspondence with each of the light receiving elements 208.
- a latch circuit 210 may be included as a pixel circuit connected to the light receiving element 208.
- the decoder 212 converts the n-digit Gray code output from the latch circuit 210 into an n-digit second binary code and outputs it.
- the second binary code may be, for example, a code that counts from 0 to (maximum value) - (minimum value). That is, the decoder 212 obtains the n-digit second binary code from the n-digit Gray code based on the light reception timing of the light receiving element.
- the second counter 214 counts the second binary code output from the decoder 212. In other words, the second counter 214 counts the number of light receiving elements 208 that receive light at the timing corresponding to each gray code.
- the distance extraction circuit 216 generates a histogram based on the count output by the second counter 214, and extracts the distance to the target from this histogram.
- the distance extraction circuit 216 extracts, for example, a second binary code corresponding to the mode (most frequent value) in the histogram, and extracts the distance corresponding to the extracted second binary code as the distance to the target. In this way, the distance extraction circuit 216 obtains a binary value from the histogram with the minimum value as 0 and the maximum value as the difference between the first value and the second value, based on the count value obtained from the second counter 214. Obtain and output the distance corresponding to this binary value.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the correspondence between binary code and Gray code for an example where the code is 4 bits.
- the top line is the decimal value corresponding to the code.
- Each of the binary code and the Gray code is a continuous bit value from MSB (Most Significant Bit) to LSB (Least Significant Bit) starting from the top row.
- the value changes from a minimum of 1 bit to a maximum of 4 bits (transition from 15 to 0) at the same time each time the circulating count value increases.
- the value of one bit changes at every transition each time the circulating count value increases. In this way, by using the Gray code, even if the light receiving element receives light during the transition, the error in the counted value will be 1 at most. If a binary code is used, the error will be larger than this. Therefore, by using the Gray code in distance measurement, the error in the measured distance can be kept small.
- Gray code it is symmetrical about the axis between 7 and 8, that is, between the count values of 2 n - 1 and 2 n , except for the MSB.
- locations where the count value advances the same number from 0 to the right and from 15 to the left differ only in one bit of the MSB. From this, it can be seen that even in transitions between count values that deviate from the median value by the same number of targets, only one bit changes state.
- Gray code 0101 indicating 6 and Gray code 1101 indicating 9 can be similarly expressed by 1-bit transitions until only 1 bit of the MSB differs. Similarly, when the number of bits increases, the difference is 1 MSB bit with the median as the axis of symmetry.
- the signal MAX is the minimum value among the values that can be used to count the maximum distance to be measured, but it is not limited to this.
- the signal MAX may be a value with some margin above the minimum value for which distance can be measured.
- the distance measuring circuit 2 receives the signal MAX appropriately set in this way.
- the first value is smaller than the second value.
- the second value is smaller than the first value.
- the arithmetic circuit 200 may take the second value as the value of the signal MAX and calculate the first value from this second value.
- the arithmetic circuit 200 can obtain the first value, for example, by subtracting the binary bits of the second value from a value in which all bits are 1.
- the arithmetic circuit 200 can obtain the first value by calculating the exclusive OR of a bit string in which all bits are 1 and a binary bit string of the second value.
- n may be a predetermined number of bits used for the counter, or may be determined based on the value of m.
- this m that is, the number of stages to be counted in the TDC code, may be input to the ranging circuit 2.
- the input signal value m may be set to an even number. That is, if m is an odd number, the signal m + 1 may be input, and even if m is an odd number, the arithmetic circuit 200 converts the input to an even number (for example, m ⁇ m + 1 ) or by using calculations that include the ceiling function described above. For example, the arithmetic circuit 200 adds 1 to the input and shifts it to the right by 1 bit, regardless of whether m is even or odd, instead of calculating ceil (m / 2) above, as long as there is no overflow. Similar results can also be obtained.
- the first counter 202 generates a first binary code that performs cyclic counting based on the first value and second value set above. For example, in the example of FIG. 3, the first counter 202 generates a first binary code that starts from 2, transitions to 13, and transitions from 13 to 2. The first counter counts up normally up to the second value, and for transitions from the second value, inverts the bits, for example, subtracts each bit from 1, or uses exclusive logic between each bit and 1. By taking the sum, you can transition to the first value.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the transition of the first binary code and the Gray code when the first counter 202 generates the above first binary code.
- the encoder 206 converts the first binary code indicating a state between 2 and 13 into a Gray code. As shown in the figure, the counter value after 13 is 2, but even in this cycle, the Gray code is a 1-bit state change. As a result, it is possible to generate a Gray code having an appropriate initial value and final value that undergoes a cycle in which only one bit of state changes at any timing transition.
- the decoder 212 may convert the Gray code at the timing when the light receiving element 208 receives light into a second binary code indicating a range from 0 to (second value) - (first value).
- the decoder 212 can generate such a second binary code by subtracting the first value from the binary value obtained by converting the Gray code.
- the second counter 214 may count the frequency value of the light reception timing corresponding to the second binary code output from the decoder 212 described above.
- the distance extraction circuit 216 generates a histogram based on the second binary code in which the first value in the first binary code is 0 and the second value in the first binary code is (second value) - (first value). The distance is calculated by extracting the mode of this histogram.
- the decoder 212 may convert a gray code into a binary value at the timing when the light receiving element 208 receives light as the second binary code.
- the second counter 214 may make the count by associating the frequency value of the light reception timing with the value obtained by subtracting the first value from the second binary code.
- the second counter 214 may count by associating the frequency value of the light reception timing with the value of the second binary code.
- the count value corresponding to the distance may be extracted by subtracting the first value at the timing when the distance extraction circuit 216 generates the histogram or reads the mode from the histogram.
- the distance extraction circuit 216 accumulates the count value for the second binary code as a histogram in the second counter 214 and calculates the distance by subtracting the distance for the first value from the distance extracted from the histogram. Good too. Further, the distance extraction circuit 216 may measure the distance by subtracting the count value for the second binary code by a predetermined distance from the distance extracted from the histogram by the second counter 214 .
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the TDC code required for the distance to be measured according to an embodiment.
- the top row shows a histogram of light received by the light receiving element. From this result, the required TDC code width is the range shown by the arrow in the diagram.
- the width of the TDC code represented by the Gray code can be set as a multiple of 2, so while keeping the distance measurement error small, power consumption can be suppressed. Furthermore, the frame rate can be improved.
- the input signal MAX may be the maximum value of the distance corresponding to the binary code instead of the maximum value of the binary code.
- the arithmetic circuit 200 may calculate the width of the TDC code from the input maximum distance and obtain the first value and the second value. This calculation may be made dependent on the clock frequency.
- the input signal may be the signal MIN instead of the signal MAX.
- This signal MIN may be the minimum value of a binary code corresponding to the distance.
- the arithmetic circuit 200 may be a second value acquisition circuit that calculates the second value from the first value using the signal MIN as the first value.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a Gray code when the first value is larger than the second value.
- the first binary code is generated as a code that starts with the first value 9, transitions to 15, then 0, and then cycles to 9 when it reaches 6.
- the decoder 212 can generate a Gray code in which transitions at all timings are represented by 1-bit state changes.
- n 4
- n 4
- any value of n that is, the maximum width of the TDC code can be used. 2
- the counter may include, for example, a first counter and an encoder.
- the first counter is an n-digit binary code from the first value to the second value which is 2 n - 1 - (first value), and the next value after the second value is set as the first value.
- the state of the binary code is changed (incremented or decremented) at predetermined intervals.
- the encoder converts the first binary code into an n-digit Gray code. The output of this encoder can be used for counting.
- the counter can also include the decoder described above.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram schematically showing a distance measuring circuit 2 according to another embodiment.
- the distance measuring circuit 2 does not need to include a decoder. Without a decoder, a gray code histogram is generated based on the output from the light receiving element 208 , and the distance extraction circuit 216 converts this gray code appropriately to convert it into a binary code or a binary code. Distance information may be acquired directly without going through it.
- the technology according to the present disclosure can be applied to various products.
- the technology according to the present disclosure can be applied to any type of transportation such as a car, an electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, a motorcycle, a bicycle, a personal mobility vehicle, an airplane, a drone, a ship, a robot, a construction machine, an agricultural machine (tractor), etc. It may also be realized as a device mounted on the body.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration example of a vehicle control system 7000, which is an example of a mobile object control system to which the technology according to the present disclosure can be applied.
- Vehicle control system 7000 includes multiple electronic control units connected via communication network 7010.
- the vehicle control system 7000 includes a drive system control unit 7100, a body system control unit 7200, a battery control unit 7300, an outside vehicle information detection unit 7400, an inside vehicle information detection unit 7500, and an integrated control unit 7600. .
- the communication network 7010 connecting these plurality of control units is, for example, a communication network based on any standard such as CAN (Controller Area Network), LIN (Local Interconnect Network), LAN (Local Area Network), or FlexRay (registered trademark). It may be an in-vehicle communication network.
- CAN Controller Area Network
- LIN Local Interconnect Network
- LAN Local Area Network
- FlexRay registered trademark
- Each control unit includes a microcomputer that performs calculation processing according to various programs, a storage unit that stores programs executed by the microcomputer or parameters used in various calculations, and a drive circuit that drives various devices to be controlled. Equipped with Each control unit is equipped with a network I/F for communicating with other control units via the communication network 7010, and also communicates with devices or sensors inside and outside the vehicle through wired or wireless communication. A communication I/F is provided for communication. In FIG.
- the functional configuration of the integrated control unit 7600 includes a microcomputer 7610, a general-purpose communication I/F 7620, a dedicated communication I/F 7630, a positioning section 7640, a beacon receiving section 7650, an in-vehicle device I/F 7660, an audio image output section 7670, An in-vehicle network I/F 7680 and a storage unit 7690 are illustrated.
- the other control units similarly include a microcomputer, a communication I/F, a storage section, and the like.
- the drive system control unit 7100 controls the operation of devices related to the drive system of the vehicle according to various programs.
- the drive system control unit 7100 includes a drive force generation device such as an internal combustion engine or a drive motor that generates drive force for the vehicle, a drive force transmission mechanism that transmits the drive force to wheels, and a drive force transmission mechanism that controls the steering angle of the vehicle. It functions as a control device for a steering mechanism to adjust and a braking device to generate braking force for the vehicle.
- the drive system control unit 7100 may have a function as a control device such as ABS (Antilock Brake System) or ESC (Electronic Stability Control).
- a vehicle state detection section 7110 is connected to the drive system control unit 7100.
- the vehicle state detection unit 7110 includes, for example, a gyro sensor that detects the angular velocity of the axial rotation movement of the vehicle body, an acceleration sensor that detects the acceleration of the vehicle, or an operation amount of an accelerator pedal, an operation amount of a brake pedal, or a steering wheel. At least one sensor for detecting angle, engine rotational speed, wheel rotational speed, etc. is included.
- the drive system control unit 7100 performs arithmetic processing using signals input from the vehicle state detection section 7110, and controls the internal combustion engine, the drive motor, the electric power steering device, the brake device, and the like.
- the body system control unit 7200 controls the operations of various devices installed in the vehicle body according to various programs.
- the body system control unit 7200 functions as a keyless entry system, a smart key system, a power window device, or a control device for various lamps such as a headlamp, a back lamp, a brake lamp, a turn signal, or a fog lamp.
- radio waves transmitted from a portable device that replaces a key or signals from various switches may be input to the body control unit 7200.
- the body system control unit 7200 receives input of these radio waves or signals, and controls the door lock device, power window device, lamp, etc. of the vehicle.
- the battery control unit 7300 controls the secondary battery 7310, which is a power supply source for the drive motor, according to various programs. For example, information such as battery temperature, battery output voltage, or remaining battery capacity is input to the battery control unit 7300 from a battery device including a secondary battery 7310. The battery control unit 7300 performs arithmetic processing using these signals, and controls the temperature adjustment of the secondary battery 7310 or the cooling device provided in the battery device.
- the external information detection unit 7400 detects information external to the vehicle in which the vehicle control system 7000 is mounted. For example, at least one of an imaging section 7410 and an external information detection section 7420 is connected to the vehicle exterior information detection unit 7400.
- the imaging unit 7410 includes at least one of a ToF (Time Of Flight) camera, a stereo camera, a monocular camera, an infrared camera, and other cameras.
- the vehicle external information detection unit 7420 includes, for example, an environmental sensor for detecting the current weather or weather, or a sensor for detecting other vehicles, obstacles, pedestrians, etc. around the vehicle equipped with the vehicle control system 7000. At least one of the surrounding information detection sensors is included.
- the environmental sensor may be, for example, at least one of a raindrop sensor that detects rainy weather, a fog sensor that detects fog, a sunlight sensor that detects the degree of sunlight, and a snow sensor that detects snowfall.
- the surrounding information detection sensor may be at least one of an ultrasonic sensor, a radar device, and a LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging, Laser Imaging Detection and Ranging) device.
- the imaging section 7410 and the vehicle external information detection section 7420 may be provided as independent sensors or devices, or may be provided as a device in which a plurality of sensors or devices are integrated.
- FIG. 9 shows an example of the installation positions of the imaging section 7410 and the vehicle external information detection section 7420.
- the imaging units 7910, 7912, 7914, 7916, and 7918 are provided, for example, at at least one of the front nose, side mirrors, rear bumper, back door, and upper part of the windshield inside the vehicle 7900.
- An imaging unit 7910 provided in the front nose and an imaging unit 7918 provided above the windshield inside the vehicle mainly acquire images in front of the vehicle 7900.
- Imaging units 7912 and 7914 provided in the side mirrors mainly capture images of the sides of the vehicle 7900.
- An imaging unit 7916 provided in the rear bumper or back door mainly acquires images of the rear of the vehicle 7900.
- the imaging unit 7918 provided above the windshield inside the vehicle is mainly used to detect preceding vehicles, pedestrians, obstacles, traffic lights, traffic signs, lanes, and the like.
- FIG. 9 shows an example of the imaging range of each of the imaging units 7910, 7912, 7914, and 7916.
- Imaging range a indicates the imaging range of imaging unit 7910 provided on the front nose
- imaging ranges b and c indicate imaging ranges of imaging units 7912 and 7914 provided on the side mirrors, respectively
- imaging range d is The imaging range of an imaging unit 7916 provided in the rear bumper or back door is shown. For example, by superimposing image data captured by imaging units 7910, 7912, 7914, and 7916, an overhead image of vehicle 7900 viewed from above can be obtained.
- the external information detection units 7920, 7922, 7924, 7926, 7928, and 7930 provided at the front, rear, sides, corners, and the upper part of the windshield inside the vehicle 7900 may be, for example, ultrasonic sensors or radar devices.
- External information detection units 7920, 7926, and 7930 provided on the front nose, rear bumper, back door, and upper part of the windshield inside the vehicle 7900 may be, for example, LIDAR devices.
- These external information detection units 7920 to 7930 are mainly used to detect preceding vehicles, pedestrians, obstacles, and the like.
- the vehicle exterior information detection unit 7400 causes the imaging unit 7410 to capture an image of the exterior of the vehicle, and receives the captured image data. Further, the vehicle exterior information detection unit 7400 receives detection information from the vehicle exterior information detection section 7420 to which it is connected.
- the external information detection unit 7420 is an ultrasonic sensor, a radar device, or a LIDAR device
- the external information detection unit 7400 transmits ultrasonic waves, electromagnetic waves, etc., and receives information on the received reflected waves.
- the external information detection unit 7400 may perform object detection processing such as a person, car, obstacle, sign, or text on the road surface or distance detection processing based on the received information.
- the external information detection unit 7400 may perform environment recognition processing to recognize rain, fog, road surface conditions, etc. based on the received information.
- the vehicle exterior information detection unit 7400 may calculate the distance to the object outside the vehicle based on the received information.
- the outside-vehicle information detection unit 7400 may perform image recognition processing or distance detection processing for recognizing people, cars, obstacles, signs, characters on the road, etc., based on the received image data.
- the outside-vehicle information detection unit 7400 performs processing such as distortion correction or alignment on the received image data, and also synthesizes image data captured by different imaging units 7410 to generate an overhead image or a panoramic image. Good too.
- the outside-vehicle information detection unit 7400 may perform viewpoint conversion processing using image data captured by different imaging units 7410.
- the in-vehicle information detection unit 7500 detects in-vehicle information.
- a driver condition detection section 7510 that detects the condition of the driver is connected to the in-vehicle information detection unit 7500.
- the driver state detection unit 7510 may include a camera that images the driver, a biosensor that detects biometric information of the driver, a microphone that collects audio inside the vehicle, or the like.
- the biosensor is provided, for example, on a seat surface or a steering wheel, and detects biometric information of a passenger sitting on a seat or a driver holding a steering wheel.
- the in-vehicle information detection unit 7500 may calculate the degree of fatigue or concentration of the driver based on the detection information input from the driver state detection unit 7510, or determine whether the driver is dozing off. You may.
- the in-vehicle information detection unit 7500 may perform processing such as noise canceling processing on the collected audio signal.
- the integrated control unit 7600 controls overall operations within the vehicle control system 7000 according to various programs.
- An input section 7800 is connected to the integrated control unit 7600.
- the input unit 7800 is realized by, for example, a device such as a touch panel, a button, a microphone, a switch, or a lever that can be inputted by the passenger.
- the integrated control unit 7600 may be input with data obtained by voice recognition of voice input through a microphone.
- the input unit 7800 may be, for example, a remote control device that uses infrared rays or other radio waves, or an externally connected device such as a mobile phone or a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) that is compatible with the operation of the vehicle control system 7000. It's okay.
- the input unit 7800 may be, for example, a camera, in which case the passenger can input information using gestures. Alternatively, data obtained by detecting the movement of a wearable device worn by a passenger may be input. Further, the input section 7800 may include, for example, an input control circuit that generates an input signal based on information input by a passenger or the like using the input section 7800 described above and outputs it to the integrated control unit 7600. By operating this input unit 7800, a passenger or the like inputs various data to the vehicle control system 7000 and instructs processing operations.
- the storage unit 7690 may include a ROM (Read Only Memory) that stores various programs executed by the microcomputer, and a RAM (Random Access Memory) that stores various parameters, calculation results, sensor values, etc. Further, the storage unit 7690 may be realized by a magnetic storage device such as a HDD (Hard Disc Drive), a semiconductor storage device, an optical storage device, a magneto-optical storage device, or the like.
- ROM Read Only Memory
- RAM Random Access Memory
- the general-purpose communication I/F 7620 is a general-purpose communication I/F that mediates communication with various devices existing in the external environment 7750.
- the general-purpose communication I/F7620 supports cellular communication protocols such as GSM (registered trademark) (Global System of Mobile communications), WiMAX (registered trademark), LTE (registered trademark) (Long Term Evolution), or LTE-A (LTE-Advanced). , or other wireless communication protocols such as wireless LAN (also referred to as Wi-Fi (registered trademark)) or Bluetooth (registered trademark).
- the general-purpose communication I/F 7620 connects to a device (for example, an application server or a control server) existing on an external network (for example, the Internet, a cloud network, or an operator-specific network) via a base station or an access point, for example. You may.
- the general-purpose communication I/F 7620 uses, for example, P2P (Peer To Peer) technology to communicate with a terminal located near the vehicle (for example, a driver, a pedestrian, a store terminal, or an MTC (Machine Type Communication) terminal). You can also connect it with a device (for example, an application server or a control server) existing on an external network (for example, the Internet, a cloud network, or an operator-specific network) via a base station or an access point, for example. You may.
- P2P Peer To Peer
- a terminal located near the vehicle for example, a driver, a pedestrian, a store terminal, or an MTC (Machine Type Communication) terminal. You can also connect it with
- the dedicated communication I/F 7630 is a communication I/F that supports communication protocols developed for use in vehicles.
- the dedicated communication I/F 7630 uses standard protocols such as WAVE (Wireless Access in Vehicle Environment), which is a combination of lower layer IEEE802.11p and upper layer IEE7609, DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communications), or cellular communication protocol. May be implemented.
- the dedicated communication I/F 7630 typically supports vehicle-to-vehicle communication, vehicle-to-infrastructure communication, vehicle-to-home communication, and vehicle-to-pedestrian communication. ) communications, a concept that includes one or more of the following:
- the positioning unit 7640 performs positioning by receiving, for example, a GNSS signal from a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) satellite (for example, a GPS signal from a GPS (Global Positioning System) satellite), and determines the latitude, longitude, and altitude of the vehicle. Generate location information including. Note that the positioning unit 7640 may specify the current location by exchanging signals with a wireless access point, or may acquire location information from a terminal such as a mobile phone, PHS, or smartphone that has a positioning function.
- GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
- GPS Global Positioning System
- the beacon receiving unit 7650 receives, for example, radio waves or electromagnetic waves transmitted from a wireless station installed on the road, and obtains information such as the current location, traffic jams, road closures, or required travel time. Note that the function of the beacon receiving unit 7650 may be included in the dedicated communication I/F 7630 described above.
- the in-vehicle device I/F 7660 is a communication interface that mediates connections between the microcomputer 7610 and various in-vehicle devices 7760 present in the vehicle.
- the in-vehicle device I/F 7660 may establish a wireless connection using a wireless communication protocol such as wireless LAN, Bluetooth (registered trademark), NFC (Near Field Communication), or WUSB (Wireless USB).
- the in-vehicle device I/F 7660 connects to USB (Universal Serial Bus), HDMI (registered trademark) (High-Definition Multimedia Interface), or MHL (Mobile High).
- USB Universal Serial Bus
- HDMI registered trademark
- MHL Mobile High
- the in-vehicle device 7760 may include, for example, at least one of a mobile device or wearable device owned by a passenger, or an information device carried into or attached to the vehicle.
- the in-vehicle device 7760 may include a navigation device that searches for a route to an arbitrary destination. or exchange data signals.
- the in-vehicle network I/F 7680 is an interface that mediates communication between the microcomputer 7610 and the communication network 7010.
- the in-vehicle network I/F 7680 transmits and receives signals and the like in accordance with a predetermined protocol supported by the communication network 7010.
- the microcomputer 7610 of the integrated control unit 7600 communicates via at least one of a general-purpose communication I/F 7620, a dedicated communication I/F 7630, a positioning section 7640, a beacon reception section 7650, an in-vehicle device I/F 7660, and an in-vehicle network I/F 7680.
- the vehicle control system 7000 is controlled according to various programs based on the information obtained. For example, the microcomputer 7610 calculates a control target value for a driving force generating device, a steering mechanism, or a braking device based on acquired information inside and outside the vehicle, and outputs a control command to the drive system control unit 7100. Good too.
- the microcomputer 7610 realizes ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System) functions, including vehicle collision avoidance or impact mitigation, following distance based on vehicle distance, vehicle speed maintenance, vehicle collision warning, vehicle lane departure warning, etc. Coordination control may be performed for the purpose of
- the microcomputer 7610 controls the driving force generating device, steering mechanism, braking device, etc. based on the acquired information about the surroundings of the vehicle, so that the microcomputer 7610 can drive the vehicle autonomously without depending on the driver's operation. Cooperative control for the purpose of driving etc. may also be performed.
- ADAS Advanced Driver Assistance System
- the microcomputer 7610 acquires information through at least one of a general-purpose communication I/F 7620, a dedicated communication I/F 7630, a positioning section 7640, a beacon reception section 7650, an in-vehicle device I/F 7660, and an in-vehicle network I/F 7680. Based on this, three-dimensional distance information between the vehicle and surrounding objects such as structures and people may be generated, and local map information including surrounding information of the current position of the vehicle may be generated. Furthermore, the microcomputer 7610 may predict dangers such as a vehicle collision, a pedestrian approaching, or entering a closed road, based on the acquired information, and generate a warning signal.
- the warning signal may be, for example, a signal for generating a warning sound or lighting a warning lamp.
- the audio and image output unit 7670 transmits an output signal of at least one of audio and images to an output device that can visually or audibly notify information to the occupants of the vehicle or to the outside of the vehicle.
- an audio speaker 7710, a display section 7720, and an instrument panel 7730 are illustrated as output devices.
- Display unit 7720 may include, for example, at least one of an on-board display and a head-up display.
- the display section 7720 may have an AR (Augmented Reality) display function.
- the output device may be other devices other than these devices, such as headphones, a wearable device such as a glasses-type display worn by the passenger, a projector, or a lamp.
- the output device When the output device is a display device, the display device displays results obtained from various processes performed by the microcomputer 7610 or information received from other control units in various formats such as text, images, tables, graphs, etc. Show it visually. Further, when the output device is an audio output device, the audio output device converts an audio signal consisting of reproduced audio data or acoustic data into an analog signal and audibly outputs the analog signal.
- control units connected via the communication network 7010 may be integrated as one control unit.
- each control unit may be composed of a plurality of control units.
- vehicle control system 7000 may include another control unit not shown.
- some or all of the functions performed by one of the control units may be provided to another control unit.
- predetermined arithmetic processing may be performed by any one of the control units.
- sensors or devices connected to any control unit may be connected to other control units, and multiple control units may send and receive detection information to and from each other via communication network 7010. .
- a computer program for realizing each function of the ranging device 1 or the ranging circuit 2 according to the present embodiment described using FIGS. 1 to 7 can be implemented in any control unit, etc. . It is also possible to provide a computer-readable recording medium in which such a computer program is stored.
- the recording medium is, for example, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a flash memory, or the like.
- the above computer program may be distributed, for example, via a network, without using a recording medium.
- the distance measuring device 1 or the distance measuring circuit 2 according to the present embodiment described using FIGS. 1 to 7 is applied to the integrated control unit 7600 of the application example shown in FIG. be able to.
- the outside information detection unit 7400 the imaging section 7410, or the outside information detection section 7420 shown in FIG.
- it may be implemented in a module for the positioning unit 7640 (for example, an integrated circuit module configured with one die).
- the smaller value of the first value and the second value is 0 or more and 2 n / 2 - 1 or less, The distance measuring device described in (1).
- the first counter If the first value is greater than the second value, the first counter generates the first binary code by setting the next value of 2 n - 1 to 0; The distance measuring device described in (2).
- the first counter adds 1 to the count value each time the state transitions.
- the distance measuring device described in (3) The distance measuring device described in (3).
- the first counter If the first value is greater than the second value, the first counter generates the first binary code by setting the next value of 0 to 2 n - 1.
- the distance measuring device described in (2) If the first value is greater than the second value, the first counter generates the first binary code by setting the next value of 0 to 2 n - 1. The distance measuring device described in (2).
- the first counter subtracts a count value by 1 every time the state transitions.
- the distance measuring device described in (5) The distance measuring device described in (5).
- a first value acquisition circuit that acquires 2 n - 1 - (the second value) as the first value based on the input second value; Furthermore, the first counter counts based on the input second value and the acquired first value;
- the distance measuring device according to any one of (1) to (6).
- a second value acquisition circuit that acquires the second value based on the input first value; Furthermore, the first counter counts based on the input first value and the acquired second value;
- the distance measuring device according to any one of (1) to (6).
- the distance extraction circuit measures the distance to the target using a histogram having a frequency corresponding to the number of states from the first value to the second value.
- the distance measuring device according to any one of (1) to (8).
- the decoder subtracts the first value from the value obtained by converting the Gray code from the binary code to obtain a second binary code.
- the distance measuring device described in (9).
- the second counter forms a histogram by setting a count value for the second binary code obtained by converting the Gray code into a binary code as a count value for a value obtained by subtracting the first value from the second binary code.
- the distance extraction circuit accumulates a count value for the second binary code obtained by converting the Gray code into a binary code in the second counter as a histogram, and corresponds to the first value with respect to the distance extracted from the histogram. subtract the distance to, The distance measuring device described in (9).
- the distance extraction circuit accumulates a count value for the second binary code obtained by converting the Gray code into a binary code as a histogram in the second counter, and calculates a predetermined distance from the distance extracted from the histogram. subtract, The distance measuring device described in (9).
- a first binary code that is an n-digit binary code from a first value to a second value that is 2 n - 1 - (the first value), and a value next to the second value is set as the first value; a first counter that changes state at predetermined time intervals; an encoder that converts the first binary code into an n-digit Gray code; A counter.
- the first counter adds 1 to the count value every time there is a state transition.
- the first counter subtracts the count value by 1 every time there is a state transition.
- a decoder that converts the Gray code output by the encoder at the timing of receiving a predetermined control signal into an n-digit second binary code
- Ranging device 100: pulse generator, 102: Light emitting element, 104: TDC code generation circuit, 106: Light receiving pixel array, 108: Histogram generation circuit, 110: Distance acquisition circuit, 2: Ranging circuit, 200: Arithmetic circuit, 202: 1st counter, 204: Light emission signal generation circuit, 206: Encoder, 208: Photodetector, 210: Latch circuit, 212: Decoder, 214: 2nd counter, 216: Distance extraction circuit
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Abstract
Description
入力される信号 MAX は、バイナリコードの最大値ではなく、当該バイナリコードに対応する距離の最大値あってもよい。この場合、演算回路 200 は、入力された最大距離から TDC コードの幅を算出し、第1値及び第2値を取得してもよい。この算出には、クロック周波数を依存させてもよい。
入力される信号は、信号 MAX の代わりに信号 MIN であってもよい。この信号 MIN は、距離に対応するバイナリコードの最小値であってもよい。
図6は、第1値が第2値よりも大きい場合のグレイコードの例を示す図である。第1バイナリコードは、第1値である 9 から始まり、 15 の次に 0 に遷移し、 6 に到達すると次は 9 に循環するコードとして生成される。デコーダ 212 は、この第1バイナリコードをグレイコードに変換することで、全てのタイミングにおける遷移が 1 ビットの状態変化で表されるグレイコードを生成することができる。
本開示に係る技術は、様々な製品へ応用することができる。例えば、本開示に係る技術は、自動車、電気自動車、ハイブリッド電気自動車、自動二輪車、自転車、パーソナルモビリティ、飛行機、ドローン、船舶、ロボット、建設機械、農業機械(トラクター)などのいずれかの種類の移動体に搭載される装置として実現されてもよい。
1又は複数の発光素子から射出され、対象において反射した光を受光する、複数の受光素子と、
第1値から 2n - 1 - (前記第1値) である第2値までの n 桁のバイナリコードであり前記第2値の次の値が前記第1値として設定される第1バイナリコードを、所定時間ごとに状態遷移する、第1カウンタと、
前記第1バイナリコードを n 桁のグレイコードに変換する、エンコーダと、
前記受光素子の受光タイミングに基づいた前記グレイコードから n 桁の第2バイナリコードを取得する、デコーダと、
前記第2バイナリコードのそれぞれに対応する前記複数の受光素子における受光回数を計数する、第2カウンタと、
前記第2カウンタにより取得された計数値に基づいて、前記対象までの距離を測距する、距離抽出回路と、
を備える、測距装置。
前記第1値及び前記第2値のうち、小さい方の値は、 0 以上 2n / 2 - 1 以下である、
(1)に記載の測距装置。
前記第1値が前記第2値より大きい場合、
前記第1カウンタは、 2n - 1 の次の値を 0 として前記第1バイナリコードを生成する、
(2)に記載の測距装置。
前記第1カウンタは、前記状態遷移のたびにカウント値を 1 加算する、
(3)に記載の測距装置。
前記第1値が前記第2値より大きい場合、
前記第1カウンタは、 0 の次の値を 2n - 1 として前記第1バイナリコードを生成する、
(2)に記載の測距装置。
前記第1カウンタは、前記状態遷移のたびにカウント値を 1 減算する、
(5)に記載の測距装置。
入力された前記第2値に基づいて、 2n - 1 - (前記第2値) を前記第1値として取得する、第1値取得回路、
をさらに備え、
前記第1カウンタは、入力された前記第2値及び取得した前記第1値に基づいて、計数する、
(1)から(6)のいずれかに記載の測距装置。
入力された前記第1値に基づいて前記第2値を取得する、第2値取得回路、
をさらに備え、
前記第1カウンタは、入力された前記第1値及び取得した前記第2値に基づいて、計数する、
(1)から(6)のいずれかに記載の測距装置。
前記距離抽出回路は、前記第1値から前記第2値までの状態数に対応する度数を有するヒストグラムによって、前記対象までの距離を測定する、
(1)から(8)のいずれかに記載の測距装置。
前記デコーダは、前記グレイコードをバイナリコードから変換した値から前記第1値を減算して、第2バイナリコードを取得する、
(9)に記載の測距装置。
前記第2カウンタは、前記グレイコードをバイナリコードに変換した前記第2バイナリコードに対する計数値を、前記第2バイナリコードから前記第1値を減算した値に対する計数値としてヒストグラムを形成する、
(9)に記載の測距装置。
前記距離抽出回路は、前記グレイコードをバイナリコードに変換した前記第2バイナリコードに対する計数値を前記第2カウンタでヒストグラムとして蓄積し、前記ヒストグラムから抽出される距離に対して前記第1値に対応する距離を減算する、
(9)に記載の測距装置。
前記距離抽出回路は、前記グレイコードをバイナリコードに変換した前記第2バイナリコードに対する計数値を、前記第2カウンタでヒストグラムとして蓄積し、前記ヒストグラムから抽出される距離に対してあらかじめ定められた距離を減算する、
(9)に記載の測距装置。
第1値から 2n - 1 - (前記第1値) である第2値までの n 桁のバイナリコードであり前記第2値の次の値が前記第1値として設定される第1バイナリコードを、所定時間ごとに状態遷移する、第1カウンタと、
前記第1バイナリコードを n 桁のグレイコードに変換する、エンコーダと、
を備える、カウンタ。
前記第1カウンタは、状態遷移のたびにカウント値を 1 加算する、
(14)に記載のカウンタ。
前記第1カウンタは、状態遷移のたびにカウント値を 1 減算する、
(14)に記載のカウンタ。
所定制御信号を受信したタイミングにおける前記エンコーダが出力した前記グレイコードを、 n 桁の第2バイナリコードに変換する、デコーダ、
をさらに備える、(14)に記載のカウンタ。
前記デコーダは、前記第2バイナリコードから前記第1値を減算して出力する、
(17)に記載のカウンタ。
100: パルス発生器、
102: 発光素子、
104: TDC コード生成回路、
106: 受光画素アレイ、
108: ヒストグラム生成回路、
110: 距離取得回路、
2: 測距回路、
200: 演算回路、
202: 第1カウンタ、
204: 発光信号発生回路、
206: エンコーダ、
208: 受光素子、
210: ラッチ回路、
212: デコーダ、
214: 第2カウンタ、
216: 距離抽出回路
Claims (18)
第1値から 2n - 1 - (前記第1値) である第2値までの n 桁のバイナリコードであり前記第2値の次の値が前記第1値として設定される第1バイナリコードを、所定時間ごとに状態遷移する、第1カウンタと、
前記第1バイナリコードを n 桁のグレイコードに変換する、エンコーダと、
前記受光素子の受光タイミングに基づいた前記グレイコードから n 桁の第2バイナリコードを取得する、デコーダと、
前記第2バイナリコードのそれぞれに対応する前記複数の受光素子における受光回数を計数する、第2カウンタと、
前記第2カウンタにより取得された計数値に基づいて、前記対象までの距離を測距する、距離抽出回路と、
を備える、測距装置。
請求項1に記載の測距装置。
前記第1カウンタは、 2n - 1 の次の値を 0 として前記第1バイナリコードを生成する、
請求項2に記載の測距装置。
請求項3に記載の測距装置。
前記第1カウンタは、 0 の次の値を 2n - 1 として前記第1バイナリコードを生成する、
請求項2に記載の測距装置。
請求項5に記載の測距装置。
をさらに備え、
前記第1カウンタは、入力された前記第2値及び取得した前記第1値に基づいて、計数する、
請求項1に記載の測距装置。
をさらに備え、
前記第1カウンタは、入力された前記第1値及び取得した前記第2値に基づいて、計数する、
請求項1に記載の測距装置。
請求項1に記載の測距装置。
請求項9に記載の測距装置。
請求項9に記載の測距装置。
請求項9に記載の測距装置。
請求項9に記載の測距装置。
前記第1バイナリコードを n 桁のグレイコードに変換する、エンコーダと、
を備える、カウンタ。
請求項14に記載のカウンタ。
請求項14に記載のカウンタ。
をさらに備える、請求項14に記載のカウンタ。
請求項17に記載のカウンタ。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US18/862,863 US20250355092A1 (en) | 2022-05-10 | 2023-04-03 | Distance measuring device and counter |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2022-077584 | 2022-05-10 | ||
| JP2022077584 | 2022-05-10 |
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|---|---|
| WO2023218798A1 true WO2023218798A1 (ja) | 2023-11-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2023/013871 Ceased WO2023218798A1 (ja) | 2022-05-10 | 2023-04-03 | 測距装置及びカウンタ |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250355092A1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2023218798A1 (ja) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006074758A (ja) * | 2004-08-30 | 2006-03-16 | Agilent Technol Inc | 偶数簡約グレイ・コードの生成方法 |
| JP2020504299A (ja) * | 2016-12-30 | 2020-02-06 | ザ ユニバーシティー コート オブ ザ ユニバーシティー オブ エジンバラThe University Court Of The University Of Edinburgh | 光子センサ装置 |
| US20210302917A1 (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2021-09-30 | Stmicroelectronics (Research & Development) Limited | Latched Gray Code for ToF Applications |
-
2023
- 2023-04-03 US US18/862,863 patent/US20250355092A1/en active Pending
- 2023-04-03 WO PCT/JP2023/013871 patent/WO2023218798A1/ja not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006074758A (ja) * | 2004-08-30 | 2006-03-16 | Agilent Technol Inc | 偶数簡約グレイ・コードの生成方法 |
| JP2020504299A (ja) * | 2016-12-30 | 2020-02-06 | ザ ユニバーシティー コート オブ ザ ユニバーシティー オブ エジンバラThe University Court Of The University Of Edinburgh | 光子センサ装置 |
| US20210302917A1 (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2021-09-30 | Stmicroelectronics (Research & Development) Limited | Latched Gray Code for ToF Applications |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20250355092A1 (en) | 2025-11-20 |
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