WO2023218774A1 - 撮像素子および電子機器 - Google Patents
撮像素子および電子機器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023218774A1 WO2023218774A1 PCT/JP2023/012162 JP2023012162W WO2023218774A1 WO 2023218774 A1 WO2023218774 A1 WO 2023218774A1 JP 2023012162 W JP2023012162 W JP 2023012162W WO 2023218774 A1 WO2023218774 A1 WO 2023218774A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pixel
- signal
- correction circuit
- noise
- correction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
- H04N25/78—Readout circuits for addressed sensors, e.g. output amplifiers or A/D converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/60—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/60—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise
- H04N25/617—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise for reducing electromagnetic interference, e.g. clocking noise
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/71—Charge-coupled device [CCD] sensors; Charge-transfer registers specially adapted for CCD sensors
- H04N25/75—Circuitry for providing, modifying or processing image signals from the pixel array
Definitions
- the present technology relates to an image sensor. Specifically, the present invention relates to an image sensor including an analog-to-digital conversion circuit including a comparator, and an electronic device including the image sensor.
- an image sensor equipped with an analog-to-digital conversion circuit including a comparator inverts the polarity of the power supply noise and superimposes it on the reference signal RAMP as a correction signal.
- a noise correction circuit is provided to cancel the noise (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- the noise component of the pixel power supply that propagates to the comparator may become dominant. If the phase of the noise propagation component of the pixel power supply through this reference signal generation section is inverted with respect to the noise, it will be the same as the output phase of the noise correction circuit. This may work in the direction of strengthening the power supply noise, making it impossible to cancel out the power supply noise.
- the present technology was created in view of this situation, and its purpose is to make it possible to correct pixel power supply noise even in a relatively high frequency band.
- the pixel outputs a pixel signal according to incident light, and the pixel outputs a pixel signal that is linear with a predetermined slope over time. and a comparator that compares the pixel signal and the reference signal, and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the pixel signal. circuit, and a noise correction circuit that corrects noise of a pixel power supply that supplies power to the pixel by superimposing it on the reference signal, and the noise correction circuit relatively corrects noise of the pixel power supply that supplies power to the pixel.
- a first correction circuit that generates a first correction signal that corrects a low frequency band; and a first correction circuit that has a different output polarity from the first correction signal and that corrects a relatively high frequency band with respect to the noise of the pixel power supply.
- This is an image sensor having a second correction circuit that generates two correction signals. This makes it possible to correct, or preferably cancel, the noise of the pixel power supply not only in relatively low frequency bands but also in relatively high frequency bands, making it possible to obtain captured images of higher quality. bring about action.
- the first correction circuit generates a signal having a phase opposite to the fluctuation component of the pixel power supply as the first correction signal
- the second correction circuit generates a signal having a phase opposite to the fluctuation component of the pixel power supply.
- a signal that is in phase with the fluctuation component of the pixel power supply may be generated as the second correction signal.
- the first correction circuit and the second correction circuit have a function of adjusting the frequency characteristics of the first correction signal and the second correction signal, respectively. It's okay.
- the first correction circuit can adjust the frequency characteristics according to the characteristics of the noise component of the pixel power supply via the pixel
- the second correction circuit can adjust the frequency characteristics according to the characteristics of the noise component of the pixel power supply via the pixel. This brings about the effect that the frequency characteristics can be adjusted in accordance with the characteristics of the noise component of the pixel power supply via the signal generation section.
- the noise correction circuit may correct noise of a power source that supplies power to the comparator. This brings about the effect that it is possible to prevent errors caused by the power supply noise of the comparator from occurring in the comparison judgment result of the comparator.
- a pair of signals having mutually inverted phases is generated as the first correction signal
- the second correction signal is generated as the first correction signal.
- a pair of signals having mutually inverted phases may be generated. This brings about the effect that even if the circuit configurations of the pixels and the reference signal generation section tend to become more complex, it is possible to easily deal with the influence of complicated noise.
- the first correction circuit and the second correction circuit may each include a pair of correction circuits that generate a pair of signals whose phases are inverted from each other.
- the first correction circuit and the second correction circuit may each generate a pair of signals whose phases are inverted from each other by on/off control of a switch element. .
- one circuit the first correction circuit and the second correction circuit
- the first correction circuit and the second correction circuit can counter the effects of the complicated noise. This can be easily handled by simply controlling the on/off of the switch elements in each circuit (in each circuit).
- the second aspect of this technology is a pixel that outputs a pixel signal according to incident light, and a reference signal generator that generates a reference signal with a sloped waveform that changes linearly with a predetermined slope over time.
- an analog-to-digital conversion circuit having a comparator for comparing the pixel signal and the reference signal and performing analog-to-digital conversion on the pixel signal; a noise correction circuit that corrects noise of a pixel power supply that supplies electric power, and the noise correction circuit outputs a first correction signal that corrects a relatively low frequency band with respect to noise of the pixel power supply.
- a second correction circuit that outputs a second correction signal that has a different output polarity from the first correction signal and corrects a relatively high frequency band with respect to the pixel power supply noise. It is an electronic device that has an element. This makes it possible to correct, or preferably cancel, the noise of the pixel power supply not only in relatively low frequency bands but also in relatively high frequency bands, making it possible to obtain captured images of higher quality. bring about action.
- FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing a configuration example of an image sensor in an embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a circuit of a pixel (pixel circuit) of an image sensor in an embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the basic configuration of an analog-to-digital converter of an image sensor in an embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of a noise correction circuit according to Example 1 in an embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing the effect of correction by the noise correction circuit according to Example 1 in the embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a low-frequency correction circuit in the noise correction circuit according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of a noise correction circuit according to Example 2 in the embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of a noise correction circuit according to Example 3 in the embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a low-frequency correction circuit (in-phase) in the noise correction circuit according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a high-frequency correction circuit (reverse phase) in the noise correction circuit according to the third embodiment.
- 12 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a low-frequency correction circuit in the noise correction circuit according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a high frequency correction circuit in the noise correction circuit according to the fourth embodiment.
- 2 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a circuit configuration of a comparator according to circuit example 1.
- FIG. FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a circuit configuration of a comparator according to circuit example 2.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of an imaging device that is an example of an electronic device to which the present technology is applied. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a field to which an embodiment of the present technology is applied.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration example of a vehicle control system.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an installation position of an imaging unit.
- Imaging device of this technology 1-1.
- Noise correction circuit in embodiment of the present technology 2-1.
- Image sensor of this technology An example of the image sensor of the present technology is a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) image sensor, which is a type of XY address type image sensor.
- CMOS image sensor is an image sensor manufactured by applying or partially using a CMOS process.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example configuration of an image sensor according to an embodiment of the present technology.
- the image sensor 10 has a pixel array section 11 and a peripheral circuit section of the pixel array section 11.
- the peripheral circuit section of the pixel array section 11 includes, for example, a vertical scanning section 12, a column processing section 13, a horizontal scanning section 14, a digital signal calculation section 15, a timing control section 16, and the like.
- the pixel array section 11 has a structure in which pixels (pixel circuits) 20 including photoelectric conversion sections (photoelectric conversion elements) are two-dimensionally arranged in the row and column directions, that is, in a matrix.
- the row direction refers to the direction in which pixels 20 in a pixel row are arranged
- the column direction refers to the direction in which pixels 20 in a pixel column are arranged.
- the pixel 20 performs photoelectric conversion to generate and accumulate photocharges corresponding to the amount of incident light.
- the pixel array of the pixel array section 11 is a pixel array of m rows and n columns (m and n are integers). That is, m represents the number of rows, and n represents the number of columns.
- a pixel control line 31 is wired for each pixel row for a pixel array of m rows and n columns. Further, a signal line 32 is wired for each pixel 20.
- the pixel control line 31 transmits the drive signal output from the vertical scanning section 12 in units of pixel rows when reading signals from the pixels 20.
- the pixel control line 31 is illustrated as one wiring in FIG. 1, it is not limited to one wiring.
- One end of the pixel control line 31 is connected to an output end corresponding to each row of the vertical scanning section 12.
- the signal line 32 transmits the signal read from the pixel 20 to the column processing section 13.
- peripheral circuit section of the pixel array section that is, the vertical scanning section 12, the column processing section 13, the horizontal scanning section 14, the digital signal calculation section 15, and the timing control section 16 will be explained below.
- the vertical scanning section 12 is configured with a shift register, an address decoder, etc., and when selecting each pixel 20 of the pixel array section 11, scans a pixel row or controls the pixel row based on a timing control signal supplied from the timing control section 16. control the address of The vertical scanning unit 12 generally has two scanning systems, a readout scanning system and a sweeping scanning system, although the specific configuration thereof is not shown in the drawings.
- the column processing section 13 reads out signals from each pixel 20 of the pixel array section 11 based on the timing control signal supplied from the timing control section 16, and performs analog-to-digital conversion processing and correlated double sampling processing (CDS processing). etc., and output as a pixel signal. Details of the analog-to-digital conversion section, which is one of the functional sections of the column processing section 13, will be described later.
- the horizontal scanning section 14 includes a shift register, an address decoder, etc., and sequentially selectively scans each pixel 20 of the pixel array section 11 based on a timing control signal supplied from the timing control section 16. By this selective scanning by the horizontal scanning section 14, pixel signals converted into digital signals for each unit circuit in the column processing section 13 are sequentially output to the digital signal calculation section 15.
- the digital signal calculation unit 15 performs a predetermined digital calculation on the pixel signals sequentially output from the horizontal scanning unit 14 based on the timing control signal supplied from the timing control unit 16, and outputs the calculation result for imaging. shall be.
- the timing control unit 16 generates various timing signals, clock signals, control signals, etc. based on a synchronization signal given from the outside. Then, the timing control section 16 controls the driving of the vertical scanning section 12, column processing section 13, horizontal scanning section 14, digital signal calculation section 15, etc. based on these generated signals.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a circuit of the pixel (pixel circuit) 20 of the image sensor 10 in the embodiment of the present technology.
- Each pixel 20 of the pixel array section 11 has a photoelectric conversion section 21, a charge transfer section 22, a charge voltage conversion section 23, a charge reset section 24, a signal amplification section 25, and a pixel selection section 26.
- a predetermined voltage is supplied to the charge reset section 24 and the signal amplification section 25 from the power supply of the pixel 20 (pixel power supply).
- the charge transfer section 22, the charge reset section 24, the signal amplification section 25, and the pixel selection section 26, for example, an N-channel MOS field effect transistor can be used.
- the combination of conductivity types of the four MOS transistors 22, 24, 25, and 26 illustrated here is only an example, and the combination is not limited to these.
- a plurality of pixel control lines are wired in common to each pixel 20 in the same pixel row as the pixel control line 31 described above. These plurality of pixel control lines are connected to output ends corresponding to each pixel row of the vertical scanning section 12 in units of pixel rows.
- the vertical scanning unit 12 appropriately outputs a transfer signal TRG, a reset signal RST, and a selection signal SEL to a plurality of pixel control lines.
- a constant current source 33 is connected to one end of the signal line 32 wired for each pixel column of the pixel array section 11.
- the photoelectric conversion unit 21 is a PN junction photodiode (PD).
- the photodiode has an anode electrode connected to a low-potential power source (eg, ground), and generates and accumulates a charge corresponding to the amount of incident light.
- a low-potential power source eg, ground
- the charge transfer section 22 transfers the charges accumulated in the photoelectric conversion section 21 to the charge-voltage conversion section 23 according to the transfer signal TRG given from the vertical scanning section 12. Specifically, a transfer signal TRG whose high level is active is applied from the vertical scanning section 12 to the gate electrode of the transistor constituting the charge transfer section 22 . Then, the transistor constituting the charge transfer section 22 becomes conductive, and transfers the charges accumulated in the photoelectric conversion section 21 to the charge-voltage conversion section 23.
- the charge-voltage conversion section 23 is a capacitor of a floating diffusion (FD) region formed between the drain region of the transistor that constitutes the charge transfer section 22 and the source region of the transistor that constitutes the charge reset section 24. be. This charge-voltage conversion section 23 converts the charge transferred from the photoelectric conversion section 21 by the charge transfer section 22 into a voltage.
- FD floating diffusion
- the charge reset section 24 resets the charges accumulated in the charge voltage conversion section 23 according to the reset signal RST given from the vertical scanning section 12. Specifically, a reset signal RST whose high level is active is applied from the vertical scanning section 12 to the gate electrode of the transistor constituting the charge reset section 24 . Then, the transistor constituting the charge reset section 24 becomes conductive, and resets the charges accumulated in the charge-voltage conversion section 23.
- the signal amplification unit 25 amplifies the voltage converted by the charge-voltage conversion unit 23 and outputs a pixel signal of a level corresponding to the charge accumulated in the charge-voltage conversion unit 23.
- the gate electrode of the transistor constituting the signal amplification section 25 is connected to the charge-voltage conversion section 23, and the drain electrode is connected to the node of the power supply voltage Vdd.
- the transistors constituting the signal amplification section 25 serve as an input section of a readout circuit that reads out the charge obtained by photoelectric conversion in the photoelectric conversion section 21, that is, a source follower circuit.
- the source electrode of the transistor constituting the signal amplification section 25 is connected to the signal line 32 via the pixel selection section 26, so that the constant current source 33 connected to one end of the signal line 32 and the source follower circuit Configure.
- the pixel selection unit 26 selects any pixel 20 in the pixel array unit 11 under selection scanning by the vertical scanning unit 12.
- the transistor constituting the pixel selection section 26 is connected between the source electrode of the transistor constituting the signal amplification section 25 and the signal line 32, and has its gate electrode selected to be activated by a high level from the vertical scanning section 12.
- a signal SEL is provided. Then, when the selection signal SEL becomes high level, the transistors forming the pixel selection section 26 become conductive. This puts the pixel 20 in the selected state. When the pixel 20 is brought into the selected state, the signal output from the signal amplification section 25 is read out to the column processing section 13 via the signal line 32.
- a reset signal (so-called P-phase signal) which is a reset level when the charge reset unit 24 resets the charge voltage conversion unit 23 and a signal based on the photoelectric conversion in the photoelectric conversion unit 21 are transmitted.
- a data signal (so-called D-phase signal) having a signal level corresponding to the charge is sequentially output. That is, the pixel signal output from the pixel 20 includes a reset signal at the time of reset and a data signal at the time of photoelectric conversion in the photoelectric conversion section 21.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of the basic configuration of the analog-to-digital converter of the image sensor 10 in the embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 3 also shows a peripheral circuit section of the analog-to-digital conversion section.
- the analog-to-digital conversion section 50 which is one of the functional sections of the column processing section 13, receives signals from each pixel 20 of the pixel array section 11 through the signal line 32 based on a timing control signal supplied from the timing control section 16.
- the incoming analog pixel signals are acquired and sequentially converted to digital pixel signals.
- the analog-to-digital conversion section 50 is composed of a plurality of analog-to-digital conversion circuits 51 provided corresponding to each pixel 20 of the pixel array section 11.
- a so-called single slope type analog-to-digital conversion circuit which is an example of a reference signal comparison type analog-to-digital conversion circuit, is used as the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 51, for example. ing.
- a reference signal with a sloped waveform that linearly changes (for example, monotonically decreases) with a predetermined slope over time a so-called ramp
- a wave reference signal RAMP is used as a reference signal during analog-to-digital conversion.
- the ramp wave reference signal RAMP is generated in the reference signal generation section 60 based on the timing control signal supplied from the timing control section 16.
- the reference signal generation section 60 can be configured using, for example, a digital-to-analog conversion circuit.
- the analog-digital conversion circuit 51 has a comparator 52 and a column counter 53, and is configured to be provided for each pixel 20 of the pixel array section 11.
- the comparator 52 uses the analog pixel signal Vsig supplied from each pixel 20 of the pixel array section 11 through the signal line 32 as a comparison input, and uses the ramp wave reference signal RAMP generated by the reference signal generation section 60 as a reference input. Compare both signals. Then, for example, at a timing when the ramp wave reference signal RAMP exceeds the voltage value of the analog pixel signal Vsig, a signal (comparison result) Vco indicating this fact is outputted. Thereby, the comparator 52 outputs a pulse signal having a pulse width corresponding to the signal level of the analog pixel signal Vsig, specifically, the magnitude of the signal level, as the comparison result Vco.
- the column counter 53 is supplied with a clock signal CLK from the timing control unit 16 at the same timing as the start of supply of the ramp wave reference signal RAMP to the comparator 52.
- the column counter 53 measures the period of the pulse width of the output pulse of the comparator 52, that is, the period from the start of the comparison operation to the end of the comparison operation, by performing a counting operation in synchronization with the clock signal CLK.
- the count result (count value) of the column counter 53 is supplied to the horizontal scanning unit 14 as a digital value obtained by digitizing the analog pixel signal Vsig.
- the analog-to-digital converter 50 having the single-slope analog-to-digital converter circuit 51 converts the analog pixel signal Vsig output from the pixel 20 and the ramp wave generated by the reference signal generator 60 into reference. A comparison is made with signal RAMP. Then, a digital value can be obtained from the time information from the start of the comparison to the timing at which the magnitude relationship between the analog pixel signal Vsig and the ramp wave reference signal RAMP changes (that is, the timing at which the output of the comparator 52 is inverted). .
- Noise correction circuit in embodiment of the present technology In the imaging device 10 such as the CMOS image sensor described above, due to the characteristics of the pixel 20, noise ( (Hereinafter, it may be simply referred to as power supply noise). If this pixel power supply noise is input to the comparator 52 of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 51 through the signal line 32, it will cause a conversion error in the analog-to-digital conversion, making it impossible to obtain accurate pixel values, thereby reducing the image quality of the captured image. This is a contributing factor to a decline in the imaging device 10 such as the CMOS image sensor described above, due to the characteristics of the pixel 20, noise (Hereinafter, it may be simply referred to as power supply noise). If this pixel power supply noise is input to the comparator 52 of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 51 through the signal line 32, it will cause a conversion error in the analog-to-digital conversion, making it impossible to obtain accurate pixel values, thereby reducing the image quality of the captured image. This is a contributing factor to
- the noise correction circuit will work in the direction of intensifying the noise of the pixel power supply, and there is a possibility that it will not be possible to cancel out the power supply noise.
- noise correction that corrects, preferably cancels out, pixel power supply noise not only in a relatively low frequency band but also in a relatively high frequency band will be described below.
- a specific example of the circuit will be described.
- Example 1 of the embodiments of the present technology is an example in which the noise correction circuit 70 that removes noise from the pixel power supply includes two correction circuits, a low-frequency correction circuit and a high-frequency correction circuit. Note that the low-frequency correction circuit is an example of the first correction circuit described in the claims, and the high-frequency correction circuit is an example of the second correction circuit described in the claims.
- FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of the noise correction circuit 70 according to Example 1 in the embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 4 also illustrates circuit sections related to the noise correction circuit 70, that is, the pixel array section 11, the reference signal generation section 60, and the comparator 52.
- a digital-to-analog conversion circuit constituted by a variable current source 61 and a resistance element 62 connected in series is used as the reference signal generation section 60, for example.
- DAC digital-to-analog conversion circuit
- a current value is controlled by a variable current source 61, and a current having the current value flows through a resistive element 62, thereby generating a voltage.
- the voltage generated here is a reference signal RAMP of a ramp wave (gradient waveform) that changes linearly with a predetermined slope over time.
- the comparator 52 for example, an ultra-low voltage comparator whose operating voltage is lower than the voltage of the pixel power supply is used.
- the comparator 52 which is an ultra-low voltage comparator, includes a comparator main body 521, an input capacitance switching section 522, and a capacitive element 523.
- the input capacitance switching unit 522 takes in the analog pixel signal Vsig output from the pixel 20 and the ramp wave reference signal RAMP generated by the reference signal generation unit 60, and inputs the positive phase (+) input of the comparator main unit 521. shall be.
- the capacitive element 523 holds, for example, the ground level as a reference voltage, and serves as a negative phase (-) input to the comparator main body 521.
- the image sensor 10 uses a digital-to-analog conversion circuit as the reference signal generation unit 60 and uses an ultra-low voltage comparator as the comparator 52, and the noise correction circuit 70 performs low-frequency correction. It has two correction circuits: a circuit 71 and a high frequency correction circuit 72.
- the low-frequency correction circuit 71 and the high-frequency correction circuit 72 use the same power source as the pixel 20 (pixel power source) as an operating power source, and output a current according to fluctuations in the pixel power source.
- Each output terminal of the low-frequency correction circuit 71 and the high-frequency correction circuit 72 is connected to an output terminal of the reference signal generation section 60, that is, an output terminal that outputs a ramp wave reference signal RAMP.
- the current output from the low-frequency correction circuit 71 and the high-frequency correction circuit 72 flows into the resistance element 62 of the reference signal generation section 60 and is converted into a voltage signal.
- the low-frequency correction circuit 71 generates a first correction signal that corrects a relatively low frequency band for noise in the pixel power supply. Specifically, the low-frequency correction circuit 71 generates, as the first correction signal, a signal having an opposite phase with respect to fluctuations in the pixel power supply.
- the high-frequency correction circuit 72 generates a second correction signal that has a different output polarity from the first correction signal and corrects a relatively high frequency band for noise in the pixel power supply. Specifically, the high-frequency correction circuit 72 generates a signal that is in phase with respect to fluctuations in the pixel power supply as the second correction signal.
- the noise of the pixel power supply is input to the comparator 52 via the pixel 20.
- the component transmitted via the circuit of the pixel 20 is dominant.
- the power supply fluctuation component input to the comparator 52 has the same phase (in-phase) relationship with respect to the noise of the pixel power supply.
- the pixel power supply is connected to the input side of the pixel signal Vsig in the input capacitance switching section 522 of the comparator 52, and on the opposite side to the input side of the pixel signal Vsig (that is, on the input side of the reference signal RAMP).
- This signal with the opposite phase is generated as a first correction signal by the low-frequency correction circuit 71, and this first correction signal is superimposed on the reference signal RAMP, thereby reducing noise in the pixel power supply in a relatively low frequency band. can be corrected, preferably canceled out.
- a power supply noise component may be input to the comparator 52 via the reference signal generation section 60.
- the noise component of the pixel power supply that propagates to the comparator 52 via the reference signal generation section 60 may become dominant.
- the phase of this noise component and the first correction signal is have the same opposite phase and cannot be canceled. Therefore, in order to correct, or preferably cancel, the noise component propagating to the comparator 52 via the reference signal generation section 60, a correction circuit that outputs a signal of positive phase is required.
- the noise correction circuit 70 is configured to include a high-frequency correction circuit 72 in addition to a low-frequency correction circuit 71. Then, the positive-phase signal is generated as a second correction signal by the high-frequency correction circuit 72, and this second correction signal is superimposed on the reference signal RAMP, thereby adjusting the pixel power supply in a relatively high frequency band. The noise can be corrected, preferably canceled out.
- the noise correction circuit 70 by including the high-frequency correction circuit 72 in addition to the low-frequency correction circuit 71, the noise correction circuit 70 can be used not only in a relatively low frequency band but also in a relatively low frequency band. Since the noise of the pixel power supply can be corrected, preferably canceled, even in a high frequency band, it is possible to obtain a captured image of higher quality.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing the effect of correction by the noise correction circuit 70 according to the first embodiment.
- a indicates the degree of influence of noise on the pixel power supply, specifically, PSRR (power supply voltage fluctuation rejection ratio) with respect to frequency.
- b in FIG. 5 indicates a correction gain with respect to frequency.
- noise components that have passed through the pixel 20 are dominant.
- the low-frequency correction circuit 71 which is capable of generating a first correction signal with an opposite phase to this noise component and whose gain and frequency characteristics are adjusted, provides relative compensation as shown by the solid line b in FIG.
- the noise of the pixel power supply in the low frequency band can be corrected, preferably canceled out.
- the noise component that has passed through the reference signal generation section 60 is dominant.
- a second correction signal in phase with this noise component can be generated, and a high-frequency correction circuit 72 with adjusted gain and frequency characteristics can relatively
- the noise of the pixel power supply in the high frequency band can be corrected, preferably canceled.
- FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing an example of the low frequency correction circuit 71 in the noise correction circuit 70 according to the first embodiment.
- the low-frequency correction circuit 71 includes a bias generation section 711, a voltage-current conversion section 712, and a gain adjustment section 713.
- the bias generation unit 711 includes two nMOS (n channel MOS) transistors 7111 and 7112, two resistance elements 711371_14, one constant current source 7115, and one pMOS (p channel MOS) transistor 7116.
- the circuit configuration has the following.
- the gate electrodes of the nMOS transistor 7111 and the nMOS transistor 7112 are commonly connected, and the gate electrode and the drain electrode of the nMOS transistor 7111 are commonly connected to form a current mirror circuit.
- the resistance element 711371_14 is connected between each source electrode of the nMOS transistors 7111 and 7112 and the low potential side power supply.
- a constant current source 7115 is connected between the drain electrode of the nMOS transistor 7111 and the pixel power supply.
- the pMOS transistor 7116 is connected between the drain electrode of the nMOS transistor 7112 and the pixel power supply, and has its gate electrode and drain electrode commonly connected.
- the bias generation section 711 configured as described above is provided to determine the operating points of the MOS transistors in the two functional block sections, the voltage-current conversion section 712 and the gain adjustment section 713.
- the voltage-current converter 712 includes three switch elements SW1 to SW3, four capacitor elements 7121 to 7124, one nMOS transistor 7125, three pMOS transistors 7126 to 7128, and one resistance element 7129. It has a circuit configuration that has
- each of the switch elements SW1 and SW2 is connected to a gate common connection node of the nMOS transistors 7111 and 7112.
- One end of the switch element SW1 is connected to the gate-drain common connection node of the pMOS transistor 7116.
- the pMOS transistor 7126, the nMOS transistor 7125, and the resistance element 7129 are connected in series between the pixel power source and the low potential side power source.
- the gate electrode of the pMOS transistor 7126 is connected to the other end of the switch element SW3.
- Capacitive element 7122 is connected between the pixel power supply and the gate electrode of pMOS transistor 7126.
- a gate electrode of the nMOS transistor 7125 is connected to the other end of the switch element SW1. Pixel power is supplied to the gate electrode of the nMOS transistor 7125 via the capacitive element 7121.
- the gate electrodes of the pMOS transistors 7127 and 7128 are commonly connected to each other and to the common drain connection node of the pMOS transistor 7126 and the nMOS transistor 7125.
- the pMOS transistor 7128 has a variable transistor size.
- the capacitive element 7123 is a variable capacitive element whose capacitance value is variable, and is connected between the pixel power supply and the drain common connection node of the pMOS transistor 7126 and the nMOS transistor 7125.
- Capacitive element 7124 is connected between the other end of switch element SW2 and the low potential side power supply.
- the voltage-current converter 712 configured as described above converts the voltage fluctuation of the pixel power supply into a current and outputs the current.
- the cutoff frequency of the low-frequency correction circuit 71 can be adjusted by adjusting the capacitance value of a capacitive element 7123 made of a variable capacitive element.
- the converted current is supplied to gain adjustment section 713.
- the gain adjustment section 713 has a circuit configuration including one nMOS transistor 7131, two pMOS transistors 7134 and 7135, and one resistance element 7136.
- the nMOS transistor 7131 has a variable transistor size, has a gate electrode connected to the other end of the switch element SW2, and a drain electrode connected to the drain electrode of the pMOS transistor 7128.
- Resistance element 7136 is connected between the source electrode of nMOS transistor 7131 and the low potential power supply. That is, nMOS transistor 7131 and resistance element 7136 are connected in series with each other.
- the pMOS transistor 7134 and the pMOS transistor 7135 have variable transistor sizes and have gate electrodes connected in common, and in the pMOS transistor 7134, the gate electrode and the drain electrode are connected in common to form a current mirror circuit. There is. Each source electrode of the pMOS transistors 7134 and 7135 is connected to a pixel power supply. Further, the drain electrode of the pMOS transistor 7134 is connected to the drain electrode of the nMOS transistor 7131.
- the drain electrode of the pMOS transistor 7135 becomes the output end of the gain adjustment section 713 (that is, the output end of the low-frequency correction circuit 71).
- the first correction signal generated by the low-frequency correction circuit 71 can be derived from the drain electrode of the PMOS transistor 7135.
- the gain adjustment unit 713 configured as described above performs gain adjustment by amplifying or attenuating the current and outputs the result.
- Amplification or attenuation can be achieved by adjusting the current mirror ratio of a current mirror circuit consisting of pMOS transistors 7134 and 7135.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing an example of the high frequency correction circuit 72 in the noise correction circuit 70 according to the first embodiment.
- the high-frequency correction circuit 72 includes a high-pass filter (HPF) 714 in addition to the bias generation section 711, voltage-current conversion section 712, and gain adjustment section 713 in the low-frequency correction circuit 71.
- HPF high-pass filter
- the gain adjustment section 713 has a circuit configuration including two nMOS transistors 7132 and 7133 in addition to an nMOS transistor 7131, pMOS transistors 7134 and 7135, and a resistance element 7136.
- the gate electrodes of the nMOS transistor 7132 and the nMOS transistor 7133 are commonly connected, and the gate electrode and the drain electrode of the nMOS transistor 7132 are commonly connected to form a current mirror circuit.
- Each source electrode of the nMOS transistors 7132 and 7133 is connected to a low potential power source.
- NMOS transistor 7132 is connected in parallel to a series connection circuit of nMOS transistor 7131 and resistance element 7136.
- the high pass filter (HPF) 714 has a circuit configuration including a resistive element 7141 and a capacitive element 7142.
- the resistance element 7141 is a variable resistance element whose resistance value is variable, and is connected between the drain electrode of the pMOS transistor 7135 and the low potential side power supply.
- One end of the capacitive element 7142 is connected to the drain electrode of the PMOS transistor 7135.
- the other end of the capacitive element 7142 becomes the output end of the high-pass filter 714 (that is, the output end of the low-frequency correction circuit 71).
- the second correction signal generated by the high-frequency correction circuit 72 can be derived from the other end of the capacitive element 7142.
- the low-frequency correction circuit 71 and the high-frequency correction circuit 72 described above each have a function of adjusting the gain. This is to perform adjustment according to the noise propagation characteristics (PSRR: power supply voltage fluctuation rejection ratio) of the pixel power supply. For example, if the PSRR is large, the influence of noise propagation becomes large, so it is necessary to adjust the first correction signal and the second correction signal according to the magnitude of the noise component.
- PSRR noise propagation characteristics
- Gain adjustment can be performed.
- the low frequency correction circuit 71 shown in FIG. 6 has a function of adjusting frequency characteristics.
- This frequency characteristic can be adjusted by adjusting the capacitance value of the capacitive element 7123, which is a variable capacitive element.
- the characteristics of PSRR change depending on the frequency, and the noise component via the pixel 20 gradually becomes smaller when viewed from the lower frequency side in a region where the frequency is above a certain level. It is necessary to adjust the attenuation characteristics of the first correction signal according to its characteristics.
- the capacitance value of the capacitive element 7123 By changing the capacitance value of the capacitive element 7123, the frequency characteristics can be adjusted. When the capacitance value of the capacitive element 7123 is increased, the frequency at which attenuation starts (cutoff frequency) can be lowered when viewed from the lower frequency side. In this way, by having the function of adjusting the frequency characteristics, the frequency characteristics can be adjusted in accordance with the characteristics of the noise component of the pixel power supply via the pixel 20.
- the high frequency correction circuit 72 shown in FIG. 7 also has a function of adjusting frequency characteristics.
- This frequency characteristic can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance value of the resistance element 7141, which is a variable resistance element of the high-pass filter 714.
- the noise component passing through the reference signal generation unit 60 gradually becomes smaller when viewed from the higher frequency side.
- the resistance value of the resistance element 7141 is increased, the frequency at which attenuation starts (cutoff frequency) can be lowered when viewed from the high frequency side. In this manner, by having the function of adjusting the frequency characteristics, it is possible to adjust the frequency characteristics in accordance with the characteristics of the noise component of the pixel power supply via the reference signal generation section 60.
- Gain adjustment and frequency characteristic adjustment in the low-frequency correction circuit 71 and the high-frequency correction circuit 72 will be performed at the design stage or chip evaluation stage.
- Example 2 in the embodiment of the present technology is an example in which power supply noise of the comparator 52 is removed.
- This embodiment is the same as the first embodiment in that the noise correction circuit 70 includes two correction circuits, a low-frequency correction circuit 71 and a high-frequency correction circuit 72.
- FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of the noise correction circuit 70 according to Example 2 in the embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 8 also illustrates circuit units related to the noise correction circuit 70, that is, the pixel array unit 11, the reference signal generation unit 60, and the comparator 52.
- the low-frequency correction circuit 71 and the high-frequency correction circuit 72 use the same power source as the pixel 20, whereas in the second embodiment, the low-frequency correction circuit 71 and the high-frequency correction circuit 72 use the same power source as the pixel 20.
- the circuit 72 uses the same power source as the comparator 52 as its operating power source, and outputs a current according to fluctuations in the power source.
- Each output terminal of the low-frequency correction circuit 71 and the high-frequency correction circuit 72 is connected to the output terminal of the reference signal generation section 60, that is, the output terminal that outputs the ramp wave reference signal RAMP.
- the current output from the low-frequency correction circuit 71 and the high-frequency correction circuit 72 flows into the resistance element 62 of the reference signal generation section 60 and is converted into a voltage signal.
- the comparator 52 equipped with the input capacitance switching section 522 may be significantly affected by power supply noise of the comparator 52. If the power supply voltage supplied to the comparator 52 changes at the timing when the output of the comparator 52 is inverted depending on the signal level of the pixel 20, an error may occur in the comparison result.
- the noise correction circuit 70 according to the second embodiment includes a low-frequency correction circuit 71 and a high-frequency correction circuit 72 that use the same power source as the comparator 52 for operation.
- the appropriate output phase of the correction signal (cancellation signal) for eliminating the influence of power supply noise of the comparator 52 may differ between a relatively low frequency band and a relatively high frequency band. Therefore, as in the case of the first embodiment, the first correction signal outputted from the low-frequency correction circuit 71 and the second correction signal outputted from the high-frequency correction circuit 72 are made to have different phases. It is configured.
- the circuit configurations of the low-frequency correction circuit 71 and the high-frequency correction circuit 72 in the noise correction circuit 70 according to the second embodiment are the same as the low-frequency correction circuit 71 and the high-frequency correction circuit in the noise correction circuit 70 according to the first embodiment.
- the circuit configuration is the same as that of No. 72.
- the noise correction circuit 70 According to the noise correction circuit 70 according to the second embodiment described above, the first correction signal and the second correction signal generated by the low-frequency correction circuit 71 and the high-frequency correction circuit 72 which use the same power supply as the comparator 52 are used as the operating power source.
- the power supply noise of the comparator 52 By superimposing the correction signal on the reference signal RAMP, the power supply noise of the comparator 52 can be corrected, preferably canceled out. Thereby, it is possible to prevent errors caused by the power supply noise of the comparator 52 from occurring in the comparison and determination results of the comparator 52.
- Example 3 in the embodiment of the present technology is a modification of Example 1, and is an example in which each of the low-frequency correction circuit 71 and the high-frequency correction circuit 72 includes a pair of correction circuits.
- FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of the noise correction circuit 70 according to Example 3 in the embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 9 also illustrates circuit units related to the noise correction circuit 70, that is, the pixel array unit 11, the reference signal generation unit 60, and the comparator 52.
- the low-frequency correction circuit 71 has an opposite-phase correction circuit 71_1 and an in-phase correction circuit 71_2 as a pair of correction circuits.
- the correction circuit 72 includes an in-phase correction circuit 72_1 and an opposite-phase correction circuit 72_2 as a pair of correction circuits.
- the negative-phase correction circuit 71_1 In the low-frequency correction circuit 71, the negative-phase correction circuit 71_1 generates a negative-phase correction signal with respect to the fluctuation component of the pixel power supply, and performs in-phase correction, similarly to the low-frequency correction circuit 71 in the first embodiment.
- the circuit 71_2 generates an in-phase correction signal with respect to the fluctuation component of the pixel power supply. That is, the opposite-phase correction circuit 71_1 and the in-phase correction circuit 71_2 generate a pair of correction signals whose phases are inverted from each other.
- the circuit configuration of the low frequency correction circuit 71 shown in FIG. 6 since a negative phase correction signal is generated in response to fluctuations in the pixel power supply, the circuit configuration of the low frequency correction circuit 71 shown in FIG. 6 may be used. can.
- the circuit configuration of the in-phase correction circuit 71_2 can be the circuit configuration shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 10, the gain adjustment section 713 of the in-phase correction circuit 71_2 has the same circuit configuration as the gain adjustment section 713 of the high-frequency correction circuit 72 shown in FIG. can generate in-phase correction signals.
- the in-phase correction circuit 72_1 In the high-frequency correction circuit 72, the in-phase correction circuit 72_1 generates an in-phase correction signal with respect to the fluctuation component of the pixel power supply, and the in-phase correction circuit 72_1 generates an in-phase correction signal with respect to the fluctuation component of the pixel power supply, similar to the high-frequency correction circuit 72 in the first embodiment.
- 72_2 generates a correction signal having an opposite phase to the fluctuation component of the pixel power supply. That is, the in-phase correction circuit 72_1 and the anti-phase correction circuit 72_2 generate a pair of correction signals whose phases are inverted from each other.
- the circuit configuration of the in-phase correction circuit 72_1 since an in-phase correction signal is generated in response to fluctuations in the pixel power supply, the circuit configuration of the high-frequency correction circuit 72 shown in FIG. 7 can be used.
- the circuit configuration of the negative phase correction circuit 72_2 can be the circuit configuration shown in FIG. 11. As shown in FIG. 11, in the gain adjustment unit 713 of the negative phase correction circuit 72_2, by electrically connecting the drain electrode of the nMOS transistor 7131 and the drain electrode of the pMOS transistor 7134, fluctuation components of the pixel power supply can be suppressed. It is possible to generate a correction signal with an opposite phase.
- the low-frequency correction circuit 71 is used to generate a correction signal with the opposite phase to the power supply noise to correct the power supply noise.
- the anti-phase correction circuit 71_1 and the in-phase correction circuit 71_2 are used together for a relatively low frequency band. As a result, power supply noise can be corrected even if the influence of the in-phase component of power supply noise cannot be said to be large.
- the high-frequency correction circuit 72 generates a correction signal in phase with the power supply noise to correct the power supply noise, but in reality, the influence of power supply noise having a phase different from that expected is may occur.
- the in-phase correction circuit 72_1 and the opposite-phase correction circuit 72_2 are used together for a relatively high frequency band. This makes it possible to correct power supply noise even when the influence of power supply noise having a phase different from that expected occurs.
- each of the low-frequency correction circuit 71 and the high-frequency correction circuit 72 selects a pair of correction signals of in-phase and anti-phase.
- Example 4 in the embodiment of the present technology is a modification of Example 3, and the correction signals generated by the low-frequency correction circuit 71 and the high-frequency correction circuit 72 are in-phase/out-of-phase in each correction circuit. This is an example of a switchable circuit configuration.
- each gain adjustment section 713 of the low-frequency correction circuit 71 and the high-frequency correction circuit 72 has a function that allows the generated correction signals to be switched between in-phase and anti-phase.
- FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram showing an example of the low frequency correction circuit 71 in the noise correction circuit 70 according to the fourth embodiment.
- the gain adjustment section 713 in the low-frequency correction circuit 71 can select in-phase or anti-phase for the phase of the correction signal to be generated.
- the gain adjustment section 713 in the low-frequency correction circuit 71 includes three switch elements SW11 to SW13.
- the switch element SW11 is connected between a node N1 to which the drain electrodes of the pMOS transistor 7128 and the nMOS transistor 7131 are commonly connected, and a node N2 to which the drain electrode of the pMOS transistor 7134 is connected.
- Switch element SW12 is connected between node N1 and the drain electrode of nMOS transistor 7132.
- Switch element SW13 is connected between node N2 and the drain electrode of nMOS transistor 7133.
- the switch elements SW12 and SW13 are turned off (open) and only the switch element SW11 is turned on (closed), the electrical state shown in FIG. 10 occurs.
- the circuit configuration will be the same. At this time, it is possible to generate a correction signal that is in phase with the fluctuation component of the pixel power supply. Furthermore, when the switch element SW11 is turned off and the switch elements SW12 and SW13 are both turned on, the circuit configuration becomes electrically the same as that shown in FIG. 6. At this time, it is possible to generate a correction signal having an opposite phase to the fluctuation component of the pixel power supply.
- FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram showing an example of the high frequency correction circuit 72 in the noise correction circuit 70 according to the fourth embodiment.
- the gain adjustment section 713 in the high-frequency correction circuit 72 can select in-phase or anti-phase for the phase of the correction signal to be generated.
- the gain adjustment section 713 in the high-frequency correction circuit 72 has the same circuit configuration as the gain adjustment section 713 in the low-frequency correction circuit 71. That is, as shown in FIG. 13, the gain adjustment section 713 in the high-frequency correction circuit 72 includes three switch elements SW11 to SW13. Switch element SW11 is connected between node N1 and node N2. Switch element SW12 is connected between node N1 and the drain electrode of nMOS transistor 7132. Switch element SW13 is connected between node N2 and the drain electrode of nMOS transistor 7133.
- the circuit configuration becomes electrically the same as that shown in FIG. 11. .
- the switch element SW11 is turned off and the switch elements SW12 and SW13 are both turned on, the circuit configuration becomes electrically the same as that shown in FIG. 7.
- the switch element SW11 is turned off and the switch elements SW12 and SW13 are both turned on, the circuit configuration becomes electrically the same as that shown in FIG. 7.
- each of the low-frequency correction circuit 71 and the high-frequency correction circuit 72 includes a pair of correction circuits. It was configured to have In contrast, according to the noise correction circuit 70 according to the fourth embodiment, one circuit (low-frequency correction circuit 71/high-frequency correction circuit 72) only controls on/off of the switch elements SW11, SW12, and SW13. Accordingly, it is possible to realize a function of switching between in-phase and anti-phase for the correction signal.
- FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration example of a comparator 52A according to circuit example 1.
- the comparator 52A includes a differential amplifier 81, a first capacitor 82, a second capacitor 83, a first switch element 84, and a second switch element 85. It is equipped with The differential amplifier 81 includes nMOS transistors 811 and 812, a current source 813, and pMOS transistors 814 and 815.
- the nMOS transistor 811 and the nMOS transistor 812 have their source electrodes connected in common and constitute a differential pair that performs differential operation.
- Current source 813 is connected between the source common connection node of nMOS transistor 811 and nMOS transistor 812 and a reference potential node.
- the pMOS transistor 814 has a diode-connected configuration in which a gate electrode and a drain electrode are commonly connected, and is connected in series to the nMOS transistor 811. That is, the drain electrodes of the pMOS transistor 814 and the nMOS transistor 811 are commonly connected.
- the pMOS transistor 815 is connected in series to the nMOS transistor 812. That is, the drain electrodes of the pMOS transistor 815 and the nMOS transistor 812 are commonly connected.
- the pMOS transistor 814 and the pMOS transistor 815 have their gate electrodes connected in common, thereby forming a current mirror circuit.
- the first capacitive element 82 has one end connected to the output end of the reference signal generation section 60 and the other end connected to the gate electrode of the nMOS transistor 811. As a result, the reference signal RAMP generated by the reference signal generation section 60 is applied to the gate electrode of the nMOS transistor 811 via the first capacitive element 82.
- the second capacitive element 83 has one end connected to the signal line 32 that transmits the signal from the pixel 20, and the other end connected to the gate electrode of the nMOS transistor 812. As a result, the pixel signal Vsig output from the pixel 20 is applied to the gate electrode of the nMOS transistor 812 via the signal line 32 and the second capacitive element 83.
- the first switch element 84 is connected between the gate electrode and the drain electrode of the nMOS transistor 811, and is turned on/off by a predetermined control signal.
- the second switch element 85 is connected between the gate electrode and the drain electrode of the nMOS transistor 812, and is turned on/off by a predetermined control signal.
- the comparator 52A according to circuit example 1 having the above-described configuration can also be used as the comparator 52 of the analog-to-digital converter 50 in the embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 15 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration example of a comparator 52B according to circuit example 2.
- the comparator 52B includes a first capacitive element 91, a pMOS transistor 92, a switch element 93, a current source 94, and a second capacitive element 95.
- the first capacitive element 91 has one end connected to the output end of the reference signal generation section 60 and the other end connected to the gate electrode of the pMOS transistor 92.
- the reference signal RAMP generated by the reference signal generation section 60 is applied to the gate electrode of the pMOS transistor 92 via the first capacitive element 91.
- the source electrode of the pMOS transistor 92 is connected to the signal line 32 that transmits the signal from the pixel 20.
- the pixel signal Vsig output from the pixel 20 is applied to the source electrode of the pMOS transistor 92 via the signal line 32.
- the switch element 93 is connected between the gate electrode and the drain electrode of the pMOS transistor 92, and is turned on/off by a predetermined control signal.
- a current source 94 is connected between the drain electrode of the pMOS transistor 92 and a reference potential node.
- the second capacitive element 95 is connected between the source electrode and the drain electrode of the pMOS transistor 92, that is, in parallel to the pMOS transistor 92.
- the comparator 52B according to circuit example 2 having the above-described configuration can also be used as the comparator 52 of the analog-to-digital converter 50 in the embodiment of the present technology.
- the image sensor according to the embodiment of the present technology described above is applicable to an imaging device such as a digital still camera or a video camera, a mobile terminal device having an imaging function such as a mobile phone, or a copying device that uses an imaging device in an image reading unit.
- the present invention can be applied to various electronic devices equipped with an imaging function such as a camera.
- FIG. 16 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of an imaging device that is an example of an electronic device to which the present technology is applied.
- the imaging device 100 is a device for imaging a subject, and includes an imaging optical system 101 including a lens group, an imaging section 102, a DSP (Digital Signal Processor) circuit 103, a display section 104, and an operation section 105. , a storage section 106, and a power supply section 107. These are interconnected by a bus 108.
- an imaging optical system 101 including a lens group, an imaging section 102, a DSP (Digital Signal Processor) circuit 103, a display section 104, and an operation section 105. , a storage section 106, and a power supply section 107.
- a bus 108 for example, in addition to a digital camera such as a digital still camera, a smartphone, a personal computer, a vehicle-mounted camera, etc. having an imaging function are assumed.
- the imaging unit 102 generates pixel data by photoelectric conversion.
- the imaging unit 102 the imaging device according to the embodiment of the present technology can be used.
- light from a subject is collected by an imaging optical system 101 disposed on the incident light side and guided to a light receiving surface of the imaging unit 102.
- the imaging unit 102 supplies pixel data generated by photoelectric conversion to the subsequent DSP circuit 103.
- the DSP circuit 103 performs predetermined signal processing on pixel data from the imaging unit 102.
- the display unit 104 displays pixel data.
- As the display unit 104 for example, a liquid crystal panel or an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) panel is assumed.
- the operation unit 105 generates an operation signal according to a user's operation.
- the storage unit 106 stores various data such as pixel data.
- the power supply section 107 supplies power to the imaging section 102, the DSP circuit 103, the display section 104, and the like.
- the imaging device 100 having the above configuration, by using the imaging element according to the embodiment of the present technology as the imaging unit 102, noise of the pixel power supply is suppressed not only in a relatively low frequency band but also in a relatively high frequency band. Since it is possible to correct, preferably cancel out, it is possible to obtain a captured image of higher quality.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of a field to which the embodiment of the present technology is applied.
- the imaging device can be used as a device that takes images for viewing, such as a digital camera or a mobile device with a camera function.
- This imaging device also includes in-vehicle sensors that take pictures of the surroundings and interior of the car for safe driving such as automatic stopping and recognition of the driver's condition, surveillance cameras that monitor moving vehicles and roads, It can be used as a device used for transportation, such as a distance measurement sensor that measures distance.
- this imaging device can be used as a device for home appliances such as televisions, refrigerators, and air conditioners in order to photograph user gestures and operate devices according to the gestures.
- this imaging device can be used as a device for medical or healthcare purposes, such as an endoscope or a device that performs blood vessel imaging by receiving infrared light.
- this imaging device can be used as a security device such as a surveillance camera for crime prevention or a camera for person authentication.
- this imaging device can be used as a device for beauty care, such as a skin measuring device that photographs the skin or a microscope that photographs the scalp.
- this imaging device can be used as a device for sports, such as an action camera for sports or a wearable camera.
- this imaging device can be used as an agricultural device such as a camera for monitoring the condition of fields and crops.
- the technology according to the present disclosure (this technology) can be applied to various products.
- the technology according to the present disclosure may be realized as a device mounted on any type of moving body such as a car, electric vehicle, hybrid electric vehicle, motorcycle, bicycle, personal mobility, airplane, drone, ship, robot, etc. It's okay.
- FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration example of a vehicle control system, which is an example of a mobile object control system to which the technology according to the present disclosure can be applied.
- the vehicle control system 12000 includes a plurality of electronic control units connected via a communication network 12001.
- the vehicle control system 12000 includes a drive system control unit 12010, a body system control unit 12020, an outside vehicle information detection unit 12030, an inside vehicle information detection unit 12040, and an integrated control unit 12050.
- a microcomputer 12051, an audio/image output section 12052, and an in-vehicle network I/F (interface) 12053 are illustrated.
- the drive system control unit 12010 controls the operation of devices related to the drive system of the vehicle according to various programs.
- the drive system control unit 12010 includes a drive force generation device such as an internal combustion engine or a drive motor that generates drive force for the vehicle, a drive force transmission mechanism that transmits the drive force to wheels, and a drive force transmission mechanism that controls the steering angle of the vehicle. It functions as a control device for a steering mechanism to adjust and a braking device to generate braking force for the vehicle.
- the body system control unit 12020 controls the operations of various devices installed in the vehicle body according to various programs.
- the body system control unit 12020 functions as a keyless entry system, a smart key system, a power window device, or a control device for various lamps such as a headlamp, a back lamp, a brake lamp, a turn signal, or a fog lamp.
- radio waves transmitted from a portable device that replaces a key or signals from various switches may be input to the body control unit 12020.
- the body system control unit 12020 receives input of these radio waves or signals, and controls the door lock device, power window device, lamp, etc. of the vehicle.
- the external information detection unit 12030 detects information external to the vehicle in which the vehicle control system 12000 is mounted.
- an imaging section 12031 is connected to the outside-vehicle information detection unit 12030.
- the vehicle exterior information detection unit 12030 causes the imaging unit 12031 to capture an image of the exterior of the vehicle, and receives the captured image.
- the external information detection unit 12030 may perform object detection processing such as a person, car, obstacle, sign, or text on the road surface or distance detection processing based on the received image.
- the imaging unit 12031 is an optical sensor that receives light and outputs an electrical signal according to the amount of received light.
- the imaging unit 12031 can output the electrical signal as an image or as distance measurement information.
- the light received by the imaging unit 12031 may be visible light or non-visible light such as infrared rays.
- the in-vehicle information detection unit 12040 detects in-vehicle information.
- a driver condition detection section 12041 that detects the condition of the driver is connected to the in-vehicle information detection unit 12040.
- the driver condition detection unit 12041 includes, for example, a camera that images the driver, and the in-vehicle information detection unit 12040 detects the degree of fatigue or concentration of the driver based on the detection information input from the driver condition detection unit 12041. It may be calculated, or it may be determined whether the driver is falling asleep.
- the microcomputer 12051 calculates control target values for the driving force generation device, steering mechanism, or braking device based on the information inside and outside the vehicle acquired by the vehicle exterior information detection unit 12030 or the vehicle interior information detection unit 12040, Control commands can be output to 12010.
- the microcomputer 12051 realizes ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System) functions, including vehicle collision avoidance or shock mitigation, following distance based on vehicle distance, vehicle speed maintenance, vehicle collision warning, vehicle lane departure warning, etc. It is possible to perform cooperative control for the purpose of ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System) functions, including vehicle collision avoidance or shock mitigation, following distance based on vehicle distance, vehicle speed maintenance, vehicle collision warning, vehicle lane departure warning, etc. It is possible to perform cooperative control for the purpose of
- ADAS Advanced Driver Assistance System
- the microcomputer 12051 controls the driving force generating device, steering mechanism, braking device, etc. based on information about the surroundings of the vehicle acquired by the vehicle exterior information detection unit 12030 or the vehicle interior information detection unit 12040. It is possible to perform cooperative control for the purpose of autonomous driving, etc., which does not rely on operation.
- the microcomputer 12051 can output a control command to the body system control unit 12020 based on the information outside the vehicle acquired by the outside information detection unit 12030.
- the microcomputer 12051 controls the headlamps according to the position of the preceding vehicle or oncoming vehicle detected by the vehicle exterior information detection unit 12030, and performs cooperative control for the purpose of preventing glare, such as switching from high beam to low beam. It can be carried out.
- the audio and image output unit 12052 transmits an output signal of at least one of audio and images to an output device that can visually or audibly notify information to the occupants of the vehicle or to the outside of the vehicle.
- an audio speaker 12061, a display section 12062, and an instrument panel 12063 are illustrated as output devices.
- the display unit 12062 may include, for example, at least one of an on-board display and a head-up display.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example of the installation position of the imaging section 12031.
- the imaging unit 12031 includes imaging units 12101, 12102, 12103, 12104, and 12105.
- the imaging units 12101, 12102, 12103, 12104, and 12105 are provided, for example, at positions such as the front nose, side mirrors, rear bumper, back door, and the top of the windshield inside the vehicle 12100.
- An imaging unit 12101 provided in the front nose and an imaging unit 12105 provided above the windshield inside the vehicle mainly acquire images in front of the vehicle 12100.
- Imaging units 12102 and 12103 provided in the side mirrors mainly capture images of the sides of the vehicle 12100.
- An imaging unit 12104 provided in the rear bumper or back door mainly captures images of the rear of the vehicle 12100.
- the imaging unit 12105 provided above the windshield inside the vehicle is mainly used to detect preceding vehicles, pedestrians, obstacles, traffic lights, traffic signs, lanes, and the like.
- FIG. 19 shows an example of the imaging range of the imaging units 12101 to 12104.
- An imaging range 12111 indicates the imaging range of the imaging unit 12101 provided on the front nose
- imaging ranges 12112 and 12113 indicate imaging ranges of the imaging units 12102 and 12103 provided on the side mirrors, respectively
- an imaging range 12114 shows the imaging range of the imaging unit 12101 provided on the front nose.
- the imaging range of the imaging unit 12104 provided in the rear bumper or back door is shown. For example, by overlapping the image data captured by the imaging units 12101 to 12104, an overhead image of the vehicle 12100 viewed from above can be obtained.
- At least one of the imaging units 12101 to 12104 may have a function of acquiring distance information.
- at least one of the imaging units 12101 to 12104 may be a stereo camera including a plurality of image sensors, or may be an image sensor having pixels for phase difference detection.
- the microcomputer 12051 determines the distance to each three-dimensional object within the imaging ranges 12111 to 12114 and the temporal change in this distance (relative speed with respect to the vehicle 12100) based on the distance information obtained from the imaging units 12101 to 12104. In particular, by determining the three-dimensional object that is closest to the vehicle 12100 on its path and that is traveling at a predetermined speed (for example, 0 km/h or more) in approximately the same direction as the vehicle 12100, it is possible to extract the three-dimensional object as the preceding vehicle. can.
- a predetermined speed for example, 0 km/h or more
- the microcomputer 12051 can set an inter-vehicle distance to be secured in advance in front of the preceding vehicle, and perform automatic brake control (including follow-up stop control), automatic acceleration control (including follow-up start control), and the like. In this way, it is possible to perform cooperative control for the purpose of autonomous driving, etc., in which the vehicle travels autonomously without depending on the driver's operation.
- the microcomputer 12051 transfers three-dimensional object data to other three-dimensional objects such as two-wheeled vehicles, regular vehicles, large vehicles, pedestrians, and utility poles based on the distance information obtained from the imaging units 12101 to 12104. It can be classified and extracted and used for automatic obstacle avoidance. For example, the microcomputer 12051 identifies obstacles around the vehicle 12100 into obstacles that are visible to the driver of the vehicle 12100 and obstacles that are difficult to see. Then, the microcomputer 12051 determines a collision risk indicating the degree of risk of collision with each obstacle, and when the collision risk exceeds a set value and there is a possibility of a collision, the microcomputer 12051 transmits information via the audio speaker 12061 and the display unit 12062. By outputting a warning to the driver via the vehicle control unit 12010 and performing forced deceleration and avoidance steering via the drive system control unit 12010, driving support for collision avoidance can be provided.
- the microcomputer 12051 determines a collision risk indicating the degree of risk of collision with each obstacle, and when the collision risk exceed
- At least one of the imaging units 12101 to 12104 may be an infrared camera that detects infrared rays.
- the microcomputer 12051 can recognize a pedestrian by determining whether the pedestrian is present in the images captured by the imaging units 12101 to 12104.
- pedestrian recognition involves, for example, a procedure for extracting feature points in images captured by the imaging units 12101 to 12104 as infrared cameras, and a pattern matching process is performed on a series of feature points indicating the outline of an object to determine whether it is a pedestrian or not.
- the audio image output unit 12052 creates a rectangular outline for emphasis on the recognized pedestrian.
- the display unit 12062 is controlled to display the .
- the audio image output unit 12052 may control the display unit 12062 to display an icon or the like indicating a pedestrian at a desired position.
- the technology according to the present disclosure can be applied to, for example, the imaging unit 12031 among the configurations described above.
- the image sensor 10 of FIG. 1 including the noise correction circuit according to the embodiment of the technology according to the present disclosure can be applied to the image capturing section 12031.
- the noise of the pixel power supply is corrected, preferably canceled, not only in a relatively low frequency band but also in a relatively high frequency band, and it is possible to improve the image quality. Since a captured image can be obtained, driver fatigue can be reduced.
- a pixel that outputs a pixel signal according to incident light a reference signal generation unit that generates a reference signal with a sloped waveform that changes linearly with a predetermined slope over time; an analog-to-digital conversion circuit that includes a comparator that compares the pixel signal and the reference signal, and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the pixel signal; a noise correction circuit that corrects noise of a pixel power supply that supplies power to the pixel by superimposing it on the reference signal,
- the noise correction circuit includes: a first correction circuit that generates a first correction signal that corrects a relatively low frequency band with respect to noise of the pixel power supply;
- An image sensor comprising: a second correction circuit that generates a second correction signal that has an output polarity different from the first correction signal and corrects a relatively high frequency band with respect to noise of the pixel power supply.
- the first correction circuit generates, as the first correction signal, a signal having an opposite phase with respect to a fluctuation component of the pixel power supply;
- the second correction circuit generates a signal that is in phase with a fluctuation component of the pixel power supply as the second correction signal.
- the first correction circuit and the second correction circuit have the function of adjusting the frequency characteristics of the first correction signal and the second correction signal, respectively.
- the imaging device according to (2) (4) The image sensor according to (1), wherein the noise correction circuit corrects noise of a power source that supplies power to the comparator.
- the first correction circuit generates, as the first correction signal, a pair of signals whose phases are inverted from each other;
- the first correction circuit and the second correction circuit each include a pair of correction circuits that generate a pair of signals whose phases are inverted to each other.
- a pixel that outputs a pixel signal according to incident light; a reference signal generation unit that generates a reference signal with a sloped waveform that changes linearly with a predetermined slope over time; an analog-to-digital conversion circuit that includes a comparator that compares the pixel signal and the reference signal, and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the pixel signal; a noise correction circuit that corrects noise of a pixel power supply that supplies power to the pixel by superimposing it on the reference signal,
- the noise correction circuit includes: a first correction circuit that outputs a first correction signal that corrects a relatively low frequency band with respect to noise of the pixel power supply; An electronic device including a second correction circuit that outputs a second correction signal that has an output polarity different from the first correction signal and corrects a relatively high frequency band with respect to the pixel power supply noise.
- Image sensor 11 Pixel array section 12 Vertical scanning section 13 Column processing section 14 Horizontal scanning section 15 Digital signal calculation section 16 Timing control section 20 Pixel (pixel circuit) 21 photoelectric conversion section 22 charge transfer section 23 charge voltage conversion section 24 charge reset section 25 signal amplification section 26 pixel selection section 31 pixel control line 32 signal line 33 constant current source 50 analog-digital conversion section 51 analog-digital conversion circuit 52, 52A, 52B Comparator 53 Column counter 60 Reference signal generation section 70 Noise correction circuit 71 (71_1, 71_2) Low-frequency correction circuit 72 (72_1, 72_2) High-frequency correction circuit 711 Bias generation section 712 Voltage-current conversion section 713 Gain adjustment Section 714 High pass filter (HPF) SW1 ⁇ SW3, SW11 ⁇ SW13 Switch element
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
1.本技術の撮像素子
1-1.撮像素子の一構成例
1-2.画素の一回路例
1-3.アナログ-デジタル変換部の一構成例
2.本技術の実施の形態におけるノイズ補正回路
2-1.実施例1
2-2.実施例2
2-3.実施例3
2-4.実施例4
3.アナログ-デジタル変換部におけるコンパレータの他の回路例
3-1.回路例1
3-2.回路例2
4.変形例
5.電子機器への適用例
6.撮像素子の使用例
7.本技術がとることができる構成
本技術の撮像素子としては、例えば、X-Yアドレス方式の撮像素子の一種であるCMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)イメージセンサを例示することができる。CMOSイメージセンサは、CMOSプロセスを応用して、又は、部分的に使用して作製された撮像素子である。
図1は、本技術の実施の形態における撮像素子の一構成例を示すブロック図である。この撮像素子10は、画素アレイ部11および当該画素アレイ部11の周辺回路部を有する構成となっている。画素アレイ部11の周辺回路部は、例えば、垂直走査部12、カラム処理部13、水平走査部14、デジタル信号演算部15、および、タイミング制御部16等によって構成されている。
図2は、本技術の実施の形態における撮像素子10の画素(画素回路)20の一回路例を示す回路図である。画素アレイ部11の各画素20は、光電変換部21、電荷転送部22、電荷電圧変換部23、電荷リセット部24、信号増幅部25、および、画素選択部26を有する構成となっている。電荷リセット部24および信号増幅部25には、画素20の電源(画素電源)から所定の電圧が供給される。
続いて、カラム処理部13の機能部の一つであるアナログ-デジタル変換部の基本構成例について説明する。図3は、本技術の実施の形態における撮像素子10のアナログ-デジタル変換部の基本構成例を示すブロック図である。図3には、アナログ-デジタル変換部の周辺回路部についても図示している。
上述のCMOSイメージセンサ等の撮像素子10においては、画素20の特性上、画素20内の各ノード間につく寄生容量や信号増幅部25を経由して信号線32に伝搬する画素電源のノイズ(以下、単に電源ノイズと記述する場合がある)が存在する。この画素電源のノイズが信号線32を通して、アナログ-デジタル変換回路51のコンパレータ52に入力すると、アナログ-デジタル変換における変換誤差を生じさせ、正確な画素値が得られなくなるために、撮像画像の画質の低下を招く一因となる。
本技術の実施の形態における実施例1は、画素電源のノイズを除去するノイズ補正回路70として、低域の補正回路および高域の補正回路の2つの補正回路を有する例である。なお、低域の補正回路は、請求の範囲に記載の第1の補正回路の一例であり、高域の補正回路は、請求の範囲に記載の第2の補正回路の一例である。
図6は、実施例1に係るノイズ補正回路70における低域の補正回路71の一回路例を示す回路図である。
図7は、実施例1に係るノイズ補正回路70における高域の補正回路72の一回路例を示す回路図である。
本技術の実施の形態における実施例2は、コンパレータ52の電源ノイズを除去する例である。ノイズ補正回路70として、低域の補正回路71および高域の補正回路72の2つの補正回路を有する点では、実施例1と同じである。
本技術の実施の形態における実施例3は、実施例1の変形例であり、低域の補正回路71および高域の補正回路72のそれぞれが一対の補正回路からなる例である。
本技術の実施の形態における実施例4は、実施例3の変形例であり、低域の補正回路71および高域の補正回路72が生成する補正信号について、各補正回路において同相/逆相の切り替えが可能な回路構成の例である。
上述の実施の形態では、アナログ-デジタル変換部50におけるコンパレータ52として、入力容量切替部522を有する超低電圧コンパレータを用いる場合を例に挙げて説明したが、本技術は、超低電圧コンパレータを用いる場合に限定されるものではない。以下に、超低電圧コンパレータ以外に用いることができるコンパレータの他の回路例について、回路例1および回路例2として例示する。
図14は、回路例1に係るコンパレータ52Aの回路構成例を示す回路図である。
図15は、回路例2に係るコンパレータ52Bの回路構成例を示す回路図である。
なお、上述の実施の形態は本技術を具現化するための一例を示したものであり、実施の形態における事項と、請求の範囲における発明特定事項とはそれぞれ対応関係を有する。同様に、請求の範囲における発明特定事項と、これと同一名称を付した本技術の実施の形態における事項とはそれぞれ対応関係を有する。ただし、本技術は実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、その要旨を逸脱しない範囲において実施の形態に種々の変形を施すことにより具現化することができる。
以上説明した本技術の実施の形態に係る撮像素子については、デジタルスチルカメラやビデオカメラ等の撮像装置や、携帯電話機などの撮像機能を有する携帯端末装置や、画像読取部に撮像装置を用いる複写機などの撮像機能を備えた種々の電子機器に適用することができる。
図16は、本技術を適用した電子機器の一例である撮像装置の一構成例を示すブロック図である。
上述の本技術の実施の形態は、以下に例示するように様々な技術に適用することができる。
本開示に係る技術(本技術)は、様々な製品へ応用することができる。例えば、本開示に係る技術は、自動車、電気自動車、ハイブリッド電気自動車、自動二輪車、自転車、パーソナルモビリティ、飛行機、ドローン、船舶、ロボット等のいずれかの種類の移動体に搭載される装置として実現されてもよい。
なお、本技術は以下のような構成もとることができる。
(1)入射光に応じた画素信号を出力する画素と、
時間の経過とともに所定の傾斜を持って線形に変化する傾斜状波形の参照信号を生成する参照信号生成部と、
前記画素信号と前記参照信号とを比較するコンパレータを有し、前記画素信号に対してアナログ-デジタル変換を行うアナログ-デジタル変換回路と、
前記参照信号に重畳することによって、前記画素に電力を供給する画素電源のノイズを補正するノイズ補正回路と
を具備し、
前記ノイズ補正回路は、
前記画素電源のノイズについて、相対的に低い周波数帯域を補正する第1の補正信号を生成する第1の補正回路と、
前記第1の補正信号と出力極性が異なり、前記画素電源のノイズについて、相対的に高い周波数帯域を補正する第2の補正信号を生成する第2の補正回路と
を有する
撮像素子。
(2)前記第1の補正回路は、前記第1の補正信号として前記画素電源の変動成分に対して逆相の信号を生成し、
前記第2の補正回路は、前記第2の補正信号として前記画素電源の変動成分に対して同相の信号を生成する
前記(1)に記載の撮像素子。
(3)前記第1の補正回路および前記第2の補正回路は、それぞれ、前記第1の補正信号および前記第2の補正信号の周波数特性を調整する機能を有している
前記(1)または(2)に記載の撮像素子。
(4)前記ノイズ補正回路は、前記コンパレータに電力を供給する電源のノイズを補正する
前記(1)に記載の撮像素子。
(5)前記第1の補正回路は、前記第1の補正信号として、互いに位相が反転した一対の信号を生成し、
前記第2の補正回路は、前記第2の補正信号として、互いに位相が反転した一対の信号を生成する
前記(1)または(2)に記載の撮像素子。
(6)前記第1の補正回路および前記第2の補正回路は、それぞれ、互いに位相が反転した一対の信号を生成する一対の補正回路を有する
前記(5)に記載の撮像素子。
(7)前記第1の補正回路および前記第2の補正回路は、それぞれ、スイッチ素子のオン/オフ制御によって互いに位相が反転した一対の信号を生成する
前記(5)に記載の撮像素子。
(8)入射光に応じた画素信号を出力する画素と、
時間の経過とともに所定の傾斜を持って線形に変化する傾斜状波形の参照信号を生成する参照信号生成部と、
前記画素信号と前記参照信号とを比較するコンパレータを有し、前記画素信号に対してアナログ-デジタル変換を行うアナログ-デジタル変換回路と、
前記参照信号に重畳することによって、前記画素に電力を供給する画素電源のノイズを補正するノイズ補正回路と
を具備し、
前記ノイズ補正回路は、
前記画素電源のノイズについて、相対的に低い周波数帯域を補正する第1の補正信号を出力する第1の補正回路と、
前記第1の補正信号と出力極性が異なり、前記画素電源ノイズについて、相対的に高い周波数帯域を補正する第2の補正信号を出力する第2の補正回路と
を有する
撮像素子を有する電子機器。
11 画素アレイ部
12 垂直走査部
13 カラム処理部
14 水平走査部
15 デジタル信号演算部
16 タイミング制御部
20 画素(画素回路)
21 光電変換部
22 電荷転送部
23 電荷電圧変換部
24 電荷リセット部
25 信号増幅部
26 画素選択部
31 画素制御線
32 信号線
33 定電流源
50 アナログ-デジタル変換部
51 アナログ-デジタル変換回路
52,52A,52B コンパレータ
53 カラムカウンタ
60 参照信号生成部
70 ノイズ補正回路
71(71_1,71_2) 低域の補正回路
72(72_1,72_2) 高域の補正回路
711 バイアス生成部
712 電圧電流変換部
713 ゲイン調整部
714 ハイパスフィルタ(HPF)
SW1~SW3,SW11~SW13 スイッチ素子
Claims (8)
- 入射光に応じた画素信号を出力する画素と、
時間の経過とともに所定の傾斜を持って線形に変化する傾斜状波形の参照信号を生成する参照信号生成部と、
前記画素信号と前記参照信号とを比較するコンパレータを有し、前記画素信号に対してアナログ-デジタル変換を行うアナログ-デジタル変換回路と、
前記参照信号に重畳することによって、前記画素に電力を供給する画素電源のノイズを補正するノイズ補正回路と
を具備し、
前記ノイズ補正回路は、
前記画素電源のノイズについて、相対的に低い周波数帯域を補正する第1の補正信号を生成する第1の補正回路と、
前記第1の補正信号と出力極性が異なり、前記画素電源のノイズについて、相対的に高い周波数帯域を補正する第2の補正信号を生成する第2の補正回路と
を有する
撮像素子。 - 前記第1の補正回路は、前記第1の補正信号として前記画素電源の変動成分に対して逆相の信号を生成し、
前記第2の補正回路は、前記第2の補正信号として前記画素電源の変動成分に対して同相の信号を生成する
請求項1記載の撮像素子。 - 前記第1の補正回路および前記第2の補正回路は、それぞれ、前記第1の補正信号および前記第2の補正信号の周波数特性を調整する機能を有している
請求項1記載の撮像素子。 - 前記ノイズ補正回路は、前記コンパレータに電力を供給する電源のノイズを補正する
請求項1記載の撮像素子。 - 前記第1の補正回路は、前記第1の補正信号として、互いに位相が反転した一対の信号を生成し、
前記第2の補正回路は、前記第2の補正信号として、互いに位相が反転した一対の信号を生成する
請求項1記載の撮像素子。 - 前記第1の補正回路および前記第2の補正回路は、それぞれ、互いに位相が反転した一対の信号を生成する一対の補正回路を有する
請求項5記載の撮像素子。 - 前記第1の補正回路および前記第2の補正回路は、それぞれ、スイッチ素子のオン/オフ制御によって互いに位相が反転した一対の信号を生成する
請求項5記載の撮像素子。 - 入射光に応じた画素信号を出力する画素と、
時間の経過とともに所定の傾斜を持って線形に変化する傾斜状波形の参照信号を生成する参照信号生成部と、
前記画素信号と前記参照信号とを比較するコンパレータを有し、前記画素信号に対してアナログ-デジタル変換を行うアナログ-デジタル変換回路と、
前記参照信号に重畳することによって、前記画素に電力を供給する画素電源のノイズを補正するノイズ補正回路と
を具備し、
前記ノイズ補正回路は、
前記画素電源のノイズについて、相対的に低い周波数帯域を補正する第1の補正信号を出力する第1の補正回路と、
前記第1の補正信号と出力極性が異なり、前記画素電源ノイズについて、相対的に高い周波数帯域を補正する第2の補正信号を出力する第2の補正回路と
を有する
撮像素子を有する電子機器。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US18/863,200 US20250324168A1 (en) | 2022-05-12 | 2023-03-27 | Imaging element and electronic apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2022078837A JP2023167559A (ja) | 2022-05-12 | 2022-05-12 | 撮像素子および電子機器 |
| JP2022-078837 | 2022-05-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2023218774A1 true WO2023218774A1 (ja) | 2023-11-16 |
Family
ID=88730049
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2023/012162 Ceased WO2023218774A1 (ja) | 2022-05-12 | 2023-03-27 | 撮像素子および電子機器 |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250324168A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP2023167559A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2023218774A1 (ja) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017159394A1 (ja) * | 2016-03-17 | 2017-09-21 | ソニー株式会社 | 撮像素子および電子機器 |
| WO2020054629A1 (ja) * | 2018-09-13 | 2020-03-19 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 固体撮像素子及び電子機器 |
-
2022
- 2022-05-12 JP JP2022078837A patent/JP2023167559A/ja active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-03-27 WO PCT/JP2023/012162 patent/WO2023218774A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2023-03-27 US US18/863,200 patent/US20250324168A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017159394A1 (ja) * | 2016-03-17 | 2017-09-21 | ソニー株式会社 | 撮像素子および電子機器 |
| WO2020054629A1 (ja) * | 2018-09-13 | 2020-03-19 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 固体撮像素子及び電子機器 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20250324168A1 (en) | 2025-10-16 |
| JP2023167559A (ja) | 2023-11-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US12047701B2 (en) | Solid-state imaging element | |
| JP2018148541A (ja) | 撮像素子、撮像素子の制御方法、及び、電子機器 | |
| US11889212B2 (en) | Comparator and imaging device | |
| JP2019057873A (ja) | 固体撮像素子及び電子機器 | |
| WO2020066803A1 (ja) | 固体撮像素子、および、撮像装置 | |
| US12207012B2 (en) | Imaging device and electronic apparatus | |
| JP7331180B2 (ja) | 撮像素子及び電子機器 | |
| US12433049B2 (en) | Imaging device and electronic apparatus | |
| US20210360187A1 (en) | Imaging element, control method, and electronic device | |
| US20240414451A1 (en) | Solid-state imaging element, imaging device, and method for controlling solid-state imaging element | |
| US12587765B2 (en) | Imaging device and electronic apparatus comprising imaging device | |
| US11381764B2 (en) | Sensor element and electronic device | |
| US20250150730A1 (en) | Solid-state imaging element, imaging device, and method for controlling solid-state imaging element | |
| WO2023218774A1 (ja) | 撮像素子および電子機器 | |
| WO2021261367A1 (ja) | 撮像装置及び電子機器 | |
| US20250380055A1 (en) | Solid-state imaging element, imaging device, and method of controlling solid-state imaging element | |
| WO2025079456A1 (ja) | 光検出装置および撮像装置 | |
| WO2026074812A1 (ja) | 電圧電流変換回路および撮像装置 | |
| WO2026038416A1 (ja) | コンパレータおよび撮像装置 | |
| JP2019216331A (ja) | 固体撮像装置及び電子機器 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 23803257 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 18863200 Country of ref document: US |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 23803257 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 18863200 Country of ref document: US |