WO2023213448A1 - Drahtgebundenes kommunikationssystem und verfahren zum ermitteln einer sendesignalstärke einer mehrzahl von sendeempfängern - Google Patents
Drahtgebundenes kommunikationssystem und verfahren zum ermitteln einer sendesignalstärke einer mehrzahl von sendeempfängern Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023213448A1 WO2023213448A1 PCT/EP2023/051719 EP2023051719W WO2023213448A1 WO 2023213448 A1 WO2023213448 A1 WO 2023213448A1 EP 2023051719 W EP2023051719 W EP 2023051719W WO 2023213448 A1 WO2023213448 A1 WO 2023213448A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- transceivers
- signal strength
- received signal
- transmission signal
- wired communication
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L12/4013—Management of data rate on the bus
- H04L12/40136—Nodes adapting their rate to the physical link properties
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
- H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
- H04B17/318—Received signal strength
- H04B17/328—Reference signal received power [RSRP]; Reference signal received quality [RSRQ]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/0091—Signalling for the administration of the divided path, e.g. signalling of configuration information
- H04L5/0096—Indication of changes in allocation
- H04L5/0098—Signalling of the activation or deactivation of component carriers, subcarriers or frequency bands
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L2012/40267—Bus for use in transportation systems
- H04L2012/40273—Bus for use in transportation systems the transportation system being a vehicle
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
Definitions
- Embodiments of the present invention relate to a wired communication system and to a method for determining a transmission signal strength of a plurality of transceivers.
- Modern vehicles contain a variety of separate components, such as separate control units or sensors. Such control devices are connected to one another via a vehicle bus, for example. A large number of control devices and sensors can be connected to one another via the same vehicle bus, whereby the control devices and sensors can potentially communicate with any other device connected to the bus. Due to line attenuation, for example, there can be substantial differences in the received signal strengths detected on the respective devices, depending on which device is transmitting, which makes signal processing on the receiving side more difficult.
- the present invention is based on the finding that signal processing on the receiver side can be improved by reducing a difference between a maximum and a minimum received signal strength detected at a receiver. This can ensure that the different received signal strengths become equal, so that the dynamic range of the respective receiver can be set to a smaller difference between minimum received signal strength and maximum received signal strength. Since bus systems are usually static systems, it is possible to set the transmission signal strength of the individual transceivers in advance so that, across the transceivers connected to the bus, the ratio of the maximum received signal strength and the minimum received signal strength is reduced or minimized compared to other transmit signal strength configurations.
- a first subject of the present disclosure relates to a wired communication system.
- the wired communication system includes a plurality of transceivers interconnected via a wired communication bus.
- a transmission signal strength of the respective transceivers is individually adjusted so that, at the respective transceivers, a ratio of a maximum reception signal strength and a minimum reception signal strength of transmission signals from other transceivers is reduced compared to other transmission signal strength configurations. As mentioned, this allows the dynamic range of the receiver to be better utilized.
- the proposed concept can in particular also be used for so-called OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access)-based bus systems on which several orthogonal subbands are used in parallel to one another so that several transceivers can transmit at the same time.
- the plurality of transceivers can thus be designed to communicate with one another over a plurality of frequency bands, so that a corresponding number of transceivers can transmit simultaneously depending on the number of frequency bands used.
- the reception gain of the transceivers can also be adjusted accordingly.
- the reception gain of the transceivers can be set based on a sum of received signal strengths at the respective transceiver. This makes it possible to show that several transceivers can transmit at the same time, for example in an OFDMA process, without overdriving the transceivers in reception mode.
- the plurality of transceivers can be designed to communicate with one another over a plurality of frequency bands, so that a corresponding number of transceivers can transmit simultaneously depending on the number of frequency bands used. Accordingly, the sum of received signal strengths can be formed based on the number of frequency bands used. For example, the “loudest” other transceivers can be taken into account, depending on the number of frequency bands that are used.
- the transmission signal strengths of the transceivers are adjusted individually, so that the ratio between the respective minimum and maximum of the received signal strength is reduced. Accordingly, the transmission signal strengths can be set so that the plurality of transceivers has at least a first transceiver and a second Transceiver includes, wherein a transmission signal strength of the first transceiver differs from a transmission signal strength of the second transceiver.
- the proposed concept specifically avoids setting the transmission signal strengths of all transceivers the same.
- the transmission signal strength of the respective transceivers can be adjusted individually so that, at the respective transceivers, the ratio of the maximum reception signal strength and the minimum reception signal strength of transmission signals from other transceivers is reduced, in particular compared to a transmission signal strength configuration in which each transceiver uses the same transmission signal strength. This achieves the effect according to the invention.
- transceivers that only receive data. These can be excluded, for example, when determining the minimums and maximums. For example, when determining the received signal strengths, (only) transmission signals from transceivers can be taken into account, which are intended to communicate via the communication bus.
- the transmission signal strengths and/or the respective reception gain of the transceivers can be adjusted by the following method.
- a second subject matter of the present disclosure relates to a method for determining a transmit signal strength of a plurality of transceivers interconnected via a wired communication bus.
- the method includes determining, for each transceiver, a maximum received signal strength and a minimum received signal strength of transmitted signals from other transceivers based on a predetermined transmitted signal strength configuration.
- the method further includes adjusting the individual transmission signal strengths of the transceivers such that a ratio of the maximum reception signal strength and the minimum reception signal strength of transmission signals from other transceivers is reduced compared to other transmission signal strength configurations. As mentioned, this allows the dynamic range of the receiver to be better utilized.
- the corresponding reception gains can be adjusted individually.
- the method can therefore further comprise determining, for each transceiver, a sum of received signal strengths of transmitted signals from other transmitted receptions based on the adjusted transmitted signal strengths.
- the method may further include setting a reception gain of the transceivers based on the respective sum of received signal strengths. This can be used to show that several transceivers can transmit at the same time, for example an OFDMA process. At the same time, the dynamic range of the transceivers can be optimally utilized in reception mode.
- the plurality of transceivers communicate with one another over a plurality of frequency bands, so that a corresponding number of transceivers can transmit simultaneously depending on the number of frequency bands used.
- the sum of received signal strengths can be formed based on the number of frequency bands used. For example, the “loudest” other transceivers can be taken into account, depending on the number of frequency bands that are used.
- a third subject is a program having program code for performing the previously presented method when the program code is executed on a computer, a processor, a control module, or a programmable hardware component.
- Fig. la shows a schematic diagram of a wired communication system
- Fig. 1b shows a schematic diagram of using multiple frequency bands for communication
- Figs. 2a and 2b show diagrams of attenuation of signals on a wired communication bus over different distances, without and with a communication node in between;
- Figs. 3a to 3c show schematic diagrams of a dependence of received signal strengths in a wired communication system on a position of the respective transmitting transceiver;
- Figs. 4a and 4b show a tabular list of the dependence of the received signal strengths in a wired communication system on the position of the respective transmitting transceiver; 5 shows a block diagram of a method for determining a transmit signal strength of a plurality of transceivers which are connected to one another via a wired communication bus; and
- Fig. 6 shows a tabular list of an effect of using individually tailored transmission signal strengths by the transceivers of the wired communication system.
- the present disclosure deals with improving or optimizing the transmission power during communication, especially with regard to OFDMA communication.
- the present disclosure is based in particular on studies of a vehicle communication bus with OFDMA.
- the following shows how an adjustment, and in particular an improvement or optimization, of the transmission power of the individual bus nodes can be carried out depending on the respective bus topology, i.e. line length and number of nodes involved. In the present concept, this is done by adapting, such as attenuation, the transmission power, particularly of the inner nodes.
- the wired communication system includes a plurality of transceivers (#l-#6, hereinafter also referred to as nodes or communication nodes) which are connected to one another via a wired communication bus 10.
- the wired communication bus can be, for example, a wired vehicle communication bus. Accordingly, a vehicle may include the communication bus 10 and the transceivers #1-#6. As shown in Fig. la, the wired communication bus can be terminated with terminators T at both ends. In other words, the wired communication system can be designed as a passive daisy chain.
- the communication bus can be implemented, for example, using coaxial cables or twisted pair (TP, cable with twisted pairs, such as unshielded twisted pair, UTL, unshielded cable with twisted pairs).
- TP coaxial cables or twisted pair
- UTL unshielded cable with twisted pairs
- the transceivers can be designed to communicate based on a communication protocol via the wired communication bus.
- 1a shows an example with six transceivers (also called communication nodes), each with a 2 m line between the communication nodes and terminations T at the end nodes.
- the communication system is not limited to such an embodiment and can include any number of communication nodes as well as different line lengths.
- a frequency division multiplexing method and in particular an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing method, can be used for this purpose.
- Fig. 1b shows a schematic diagram of using multiple frequency bands for communication.
- the plurality of transceivers can be designed over a plurality of frequency bands SI; S2; S3 to communicate with each other, so that according to the number of frequency bands used corresponding number of transceivers can transmit at the same time.
- the example of FIG. 1b shows the use of the communication bands S1, S2 and S3, which can be selected orthogonally to one another.
- OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
- OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
- wired communication bus such as OFDMA over a physical bus line
- OFDMA is a broadband signal divided into a large number of sub-carriers (i.e. different frequency ranges).
- the sub-beams are grouped into sub-bands. This creates multiple communication channels that can be used to communicate at the same time. Different nodes can send at the same time.
- three transceivers can transmit simultaneously on the three sub-bands SI, S2 and S3 without collisions having to occur.
- transceivers In general, this refers to communication components that can both send and receive. Accordingly, the transceivers #l-#6 can contain typical transmitter or receiver components. This can include, for example, one or more antennas, one or more filters, one or more mixers, one or more amplifiers, one or more diplexers, one or more duplexers, etc. However, in some embodiments of the wired communication system, one or more of the transceivers may act exclusively as receivers. In this case, the term transceiver also extends to pure receivers. In other words, one or more of the transceivers can be pure receivers, i.e. have no transmission components, or a transmission functionality of the corresponding transceivers can be deactivated, unused or only used occasionally, for example during initialization.
- Figs. 2a and 2b show diagrams of attenuation of signals on a wired communication bus over different distances, without and with a communication node in between.
- the cables on which the numbers are based have an insertion loss that falls strictly monotonically from 1 MHz to, for example, 300 MHz.
- the example assumes 0.5 dB/m attenuation at 300MHz carrier frequency.
- the communication nodes have an insertion loss that falls strictly monotonically from 1 MHz to 300 MHz.
- 1 dB attenuation is calculated at 300MHz.
- Fig. 2a shows the attenuation over a cable 2 m long.
- Fig. 2b shows the attenuation over 4 m cable, with additional attenuation due to an intermediate communication node.
- the figures 3a to 3c show an example in which the transmission signal strengths of the individual nodes are set the same.
- the signal voltage (transmit signal voltage) is standardized to 1mV
- the board-internal NEXT near-end cross-talk
- -1OdB in an exemplary application with hybrid/hybrid circuit.
- Figs. 3a to 3c show in particular schematic diagrams of a dependence of received signal strengths in a wired communication system on a position of the respective transmitting transceiver.
- the attenuation at node #1 is assumed to be - lOdB (by NEXT), so that for a transmit signal with 1 mV transmit signal strength (transmit signal voltage), 0.1 mV receive signal strength (receive voltage) is received by node #1.
- node #2 which is one cable connection away from node #1, there is an attenuation of -1 dB and a received signal strength of 0.79 mV.
- node #3 which is two cable connections and one intermediate node away from node #1, there is an attenuation of -3dB and a received signal strength of 0.5 mV.
- node #4 which is three cable connections and two intermediate nodes away from node #1, there is an attenuation of -5dB and a received signal strength of 0.32 mV.
- node #5 which is four cable connections and three intermediate nodes away from node #1, there is an attenuation of -7dB and a received signal strength of 0.2 mV.
- node #6 which is five cable connections and four intermediate nodes away from node #1, there is an attenuation of -9dB and a received signal strength of 0.13 mV.
- nodes #2 and #4 are each one cable connection away from node #3, so that there is an attenuation of -1 dB and a signal strength of 0.79 mV at these nodes, etc.
- Figs. 4a and 4b show a tabular list of the dependence of the received signal strengths in a wired communication system on the position of the respective transmitting transceiver.
- Fig. 4a the numbers for the examples of Figs. 3a to 3c shown. This shows first line of contents (third line of Fig. 4a) the received signal strengths resulting when node #1 transmits, the second line of contents the resulting received signal strengths when node #3 transmits and the third line of contents the resulting received signal strengths when node #6 transmits.
- Fig. 4b the numbers for all transceivers are shown.
- the first line of content third line of Fig.
- FIG. 4b shows the received signal strengths resulting when node # 1 transmits, the second line of content shows the received signal strengths resulting when node # 2 transmits, etc.
- the last line of Fig. 4b also shows the sum of the received signal strengths the respective node is shown. It becomes clear that the sum at the inner nodes is higher than at the outer nodes because the average distance to other nodes is smaller at the inner nodes.
- the transmission power of the individual transmitters can or should be adjusted.
- two criteria are defined that can be taken into account to adjust the transmission power.
- the transmission signal strength (e.g. the transmission signal voltage or transmission power) of the transmitters can be adjusted so that the reception signal strength (i.e. such as the reception signal voltage) of the transmission signals emitted by the different transmitters are as similar as possible (i.e. the same size as possible).
- the reception gain of the transceiver can be adjusted based on the sum of the received signal strengths (e.g. received signal voltages) in order to ensure that the sum of the received signal strengths fully controls an analog-digital converter (AD converter) of the respective transceiver.
- AD converter analog-digital converter
- FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of a method for determining and/or adjusting a transmission signal strength of a plurality of transceivers that are connected to one another via a wired communication bus.
- the transmission signal strengths and/or a respective reception gain of the transceivers #l-#6 of the communication system 100 of FIG. la can be adjusted by the method of FIG. 5.
- the method includes determining 50 (such as calculating), for each transceiver, a maximum received signal strength and a minimum received signal strength of transmitted signals from other transceivers based on a predetermined transmitted signal strength configuration.
- the method further includes adjusting 52 (such as determining and adjusting) the individual transmission signal strengths of the transceivers such that a ratio of the maximum reception signal strength and the minimum reception signal strength of transmission signals from other transceivers is reduced compared to other transmission signal strength configurations.
- the transmission signal strength of the respective transceivers can be adjusted individually so that, at the respective transceivers, the ratio of the maximum reception signal strength and the minimum reception signal strength of transmission signals from other transceivers is reduced, in particular compared to a transmission signal strength configuration in which each transceiver uses the same transmission signal strength .
- the mathematical model can, for example, map parameters such as line loss of the communication system, insertion loss of the transceiver, etc.
- the respective transmission signal strengths can then be changed as variable parameters in the mathematical model during the adjustment 52 of the individual transmission signal strengths in order to calculate the corresponding ratios based thereon.
- the desired transmission signal strength configuration can be characterized by the fact that the transmission signals of the individual transceivers differ from one another.
- the plurality of transceivers can thus comprise at least a first transceiver and a second transceiver, wherein a transmission signal strength of the first transceiver differs from a transmission signal strength of the second transceiver.
- the transmission signal strength of the outer transceivers ie the transceivers that are arranged further to the edge of the communication bus
- the transmission signal strength of the inner transceivers ie the transceivers that are arranged further in the middle of the communication bus.
- the transmission signal strengths can be adjusted iteratively until no further improvements in the respective conditions are detected.
- a “greedy” method can be used in which the transmission signal strengths are iteratively adjusted in a direction in which, starting from a starting transmission signal strength configuration, the ratios are reduced.
- an optimization of the transmission signal strengths can be carried out with respect to the sum or average of the ratios. Optimization does not mean that the optimal transmission signal strength configuration is necessarily determined, but merely that a transmission signal strength configuration that is improved compared to an original transmission signal strength configuration is determined.
- some transceivers never or only rarely transmit (e.g. only for initialization). Such transceivers can, for example, be ignored or taken into account to a lesser extent when determining the respective transmission signal strengths.
- transceivers e.g. nodes #1; #3; #6 in FIGS. 3a to 4a
- transceivers e.g. nodes #1; #3; #6 in FIGS. 3a to 4a
- Fig. 6 shows a tabular list of an effect of using individually tailored transmission signal strengths by the transceivers of the wired communication system.
- the signal voltage of the received signals from the individual transmitters at a receiving node can be as equal as possible. This can be achieved by introducing TX gain for the transmitters shown in the first column.
- different transmission amplification factors were determined. A transmission gain factor of 1 was determined for the outer transceivers #1 and #6 (first and sixth lines with useful values), a transmission gain factor of 0.65 was determined for the transceivers #2 and #5, and for the inner transceivers #3 and #4 a transmit gain factor of 0.4 was determined.
- the receiver gains can now be adjusted. This can result, for example, from the sum of the received signal strengths of the received signals potentially arriving at a transceiver at the same time, which for the example in FIGS. 3a to 4b is shown in the penultimate line of Fig. 6.
- the sum of the received signal strengths should be fully controlled by the receiver's AD converter. This can be done by setting an analog amplifier circuit of the respective receiver.
- a reception gain of the transceiver can be set based on a sum of received signal strengths at the respective transceiver.
- the number of frequency bands used such as the sub-bands SI, S2 and S3, determines the expected maximum simultaneous received signal strength (which can be made up of several received signals). So in the example of Figs.
- nodes #1, #3 and #6 transmit at the same time, which means that the sum of the received signal strengths results from the received signal strengths of the received signals of these transceivers.
- the 3 weakest received signals can still be ignored since there are only 3 transmitters (sub-bands).
- the sum of received signal strengths can be formed based on the number of frequency bands used simultaneously. For example, if n frequency bands are used, the n largest received signal strengths can be summed up. Further restrictions may be applied if each transceiver communicates in only one of the frequency bands. For example, the highest received signal strength can be selected for each frequency band, and the sum can be formed using the highest received signal strength in each case.
- Such a procedure can be used, for example, when filters are used for the individual frequency bands. While these are not provided for in pure OFDMA, they can be provided additionally, whereby UFMC (Universal Filtered Multi Carrier) communication is then carried out via the communication system.
- UFMC Universal Filtered Multi Carrier
- the present concept was described in relation to vehicle communication buses, but can also be adapted to other (wired or wireless) communication buses, for example in automation technology.
- Examples may further include or relate to a (computer) program with program code for executing one or more of the above methods when the program is executed on a computer, a processor or other programmable hardware component. Steps, operations or processes of various of the methods described above can also be carried out by programmed computers, processors or other programmable hardware components. Examples may also cover program storage devices, e.g., digital data storage media, that are machine, processor, or computer readable and machine-executable, processor-executable, or computer-executable programs and instructions encode or contain.
- the program storage devices may include, for example, digital storage, magnetic storage media such as magnetic disks and magnetic tapes, hard disk drives or optically readable digital data storage media.
- FIG. 1 Field-programmable Gate Arrays
- FIG. 1 System-on-a-Chip
- a block, a device or a functional aspect of the device or system can correspond to a feature, such as a method step, of the corresponding method. Accordingly, aspects that are described in connection with a method are also to be understood as a description of a corresponding block, a corresponding element, a property or a functional feature of a corresponding device or a corresponding system.
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- Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US18/854,457 US20250253964A1 (en) | 2022-05-05 | 2023-01-24 | Wired Communication System and Method for Determining a Transmission Signal Strength of a Number of Transceivers |
| CN202380016837.2A CN118541951A (zh) | 2022-05-05 | 2023-01-24 | 有线通信系统和用于确定多个收发器的发射信号强度的方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022111224.1A DE102022111224A1 (de) | 2022-05-05 | 2022-05-05 | Drahtgebundenes Kommunikationssystem und Verfahren zum Ermitteln einer Sendesignalstärke einer Mehrzahl von Sendeempfängern |
| DE102022111224.1 | 2022-05-05 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2023213448A1 true WO2023213448A1 (de) | 2023-11-09 |
Family
ID=85132954
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2023/051719 Ceased WO2023213448A1 (de) | 2022-05-05 | 2023-01-24 | Drahtgebundenes kommunikationssystem und verfahren zum ermitteln einer sendesignalstärke einer mehrzahl von sendeempfängern |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250253964A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN118541951A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022111224A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023213448A1 (de) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1394960A1 (de) * | 2001-05-17 | 2004-03-03 | Diseno de Sistemas en Silicio S.A. | Automatisches verstärkungsregelsystem für ein mehrbenutzer-ofdm-digitalübertragungssystem unter verwendung des stromnetzes |
| WO2009149415A1 (en) * | 2008-06-06 | 2009-12-10 | Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. | System and method for applying multi-tone ofdm based communications within a prescribed frequency range |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9965426B2 (en) | 2015-01-07 | 2018-05-08 | Infineon Technologies Ag | System and method for a low emission network |
| DE102019206426B4 (de) | 2019-05-03 | 2021-11-25 | Leoni Bordnetz-Systeme Gmbh | Bordnetz und Kraftfahrzeug mit Bordnetz |
-
2022
- 2022-05-05 DE DE102022111224.1A patent/DE102022111224A1/de active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-01-24 CN CN202380016837.2A patent/CN118541951A/zh active Pending
- 2023-01-24 US US18/854,457 patent/US20250253964A1/en active Pending
- 2023-01-24 WO PCT/EP2023/051719 patent/WO2023213448A1/de not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1394960A1 (de) * | 2001-05-17 | 2004-03-03 | Diseno de Sistemas en Silicio S.A. | Automatisches verstärkungsregelsystem für ein mehrbenutzer-ofdm-digitalübertragungssystem unter verwendung des stromnetzes |
| WO2009149415A1 (en) * | 2008-06-06 | 2009-12-10 | Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. | System and method for applying multi-tone ofdm based communications within a prescribed frequency range |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20250253964A1 (en) | 2025-08-07 |
| DE102022111224A1 (de) | 2023-11-09 |
| CN118541951A (zh) | 2024-08-23 |
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