WO2023213261A1 - 一种无线充电稳压电路、电源和新能源汽车 - Google Patents

一种无线充电稳压电路、电源和新能源汽车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023213261A1
WO2023213261A1 PCT/CN2023/091966 CN2023091966W WO2023213261A1 WO 2023213261 A1 WO2023213261 A1 WO 2023213261A1 CN 2023091966 W CN2023091966 W CN 2023091966W WO 2023213261 A1 WO2023213261 A1 WO 2023213261A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
capacitor
chip
resistor
switch tube
module
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/091966
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王超
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Changchun Jetty Automotive Parts Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Changchun Jetty Automotive Parts Co Ltd
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Publication of WO2023213261A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023213261A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the field of electric power, and in particular to a wireless charging voltage stabilizing circuit, a power supply and a new energy vehicle.
  • the power supply of new energy vehicles is provided by a battery pack composed of batteries of different capacities. Since the battery output voltage is different when the remaining power is different, for electronic devices with higher voltage requirements, the battery voltage Changes will cause the working status of electronic devices to be unstable. Therefore, it is necessary to design a circuit that can stabilize the output voltage of the battery.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of this specification is to provide a wireless charging voltage stabilizing circuit, a power supply and a new energy vehicle to solve the problem of unstable battery voltage output in the prior art.
  • a wireless charging voltage stabilizing circuit including:
  • Chip used to compare the battery voltage with the reference voltage and output a control signal to control the MOS module to switch the boost/buck topology mode;
  • the chip controls the duty cycle of the switch tube of the MOS module based on the periodic signal from the control unit.
  • the chip is configured as:
  • the chip controls the MOS module to switch to the buck topology mode
  • the chip controls the MOS module to switch to the boost topology mode.
  • the MOS module includes a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a third switch tube, a fourth switch tube and a first inductor;
  • the gates of the first switch tube, the second switch tube, the third switch tube and the fourth switch tube are all connected to the chip and receive the control signal;
  • the drain of the first switch tube is connected to the battery voltage
  • the source of the first switch is connected to the drain of the second switch
  • the drain of the third switch tube is connected to the output port.
  • the source of the third switch is connected to the drain of the fourth switch
  • the source of the second switch is connected to the source of the fourth switch and grounded;
  • the first inductor is provided between a connection point between the first switch tube and the second switch tube and a connection point between the third switch tube and the fourth switch tube.
  • the chip when the MOS module switches to the buck topology mode, the chip controls the first switch tube and the second switch tube to conduct periodically and complementaryly, and controls the third switch tube to conduct periodically.
  • the switch tube is turned on, and the fourth switch tube is controlled to be turned off.
  • the chip when the MOS module switches to the boost topology mode, the chip controls the third switch tube and the fourth switch tube to be periodically complementary and conducts, and controls the first The switch tube is turned on and the second switch tube is controlled to be turned off.
  • a filter module is provided between the chip and the battery voltage
  • the filter module is used to filter the battery voltage.
  • the filter module includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor and a third capacitor
  • One end of the first capacitor is connected to the battery voltage, and the other end is connected to P ground;
  • One end of the second capacitor is connected to one end of the first capacitor, and the other end is connected to P ground;
  • One end of the third capacitor is connected to one end of the second capacitor, and the other end is connected to P ground.
  • an input current protection module is provided between the chip and the battery voltage
  • the input current protection module is used to prevent the battery voltage received by the chip from exceeding a first threshold.
  • the input current protection module includes a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fifteenth capacitor and a twelfth resistor;
  • One end of the fourth capacitor is connected to one end of the third capacitor, and the other end is connected to P ground;
  • One end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor, and the other end is connected to the drain of the first switch tube;
  • One end of the second resistor is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor, and the other end is connected to the chip;
  • One end of the third resistor is connected to the other end of the first resistor, and the other end of the third resistor is connected to the chip;
  • the fifth capacitor is connected to the other end of the second resistor and the other end of the third resistor respectively;
  • One end of the fifteenth capacitor is connected to the chip, and the other end is connected to ground A;
  • One end of the twelfth resistor is connected to one end of the fifteenth capacitor, and the other end is connected to ground A.
  • a power supply module is provided between the MOS module and the chip
  • the energy supply module is used to provide electric energy to the MOS module.
  • the power supply module includes a first diode, a second diode, a sixth capacitor, a seventh capacitor and VCC;
  • the anode of the first diode is connected to the VCC, and the cathode is connected to the chip;
  • One end of the sixth capacitor is connected to the cathode of the first diode, and the other end of the sixth capacitor is connected to the connection points of the chip and the first switch tube and the second switch tube respectively;
  • the anode of the second diode is connected to the VCC, and the cathode is connected to the chip;
  • One end of the seventh capacitor is connected to the cathode of the second diode, and the other end of the seventh capacitor is connected to the connection points of the chip and the third switch tube and the fourth switch tube respectively.
  • the chip is also connected to an enabling module
  • the enabling module is used to start the chip.
  • the enabling module includes a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor and an eighth capacitor;
  • One end of the fourth resistor is connected to P ground and one end of the eighth capacitor respectively, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the enable signal and one end of the fifth resistor respectively;
  • the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the chip
  • the other end of the eighth capacitor is connected to the other end of the third capacitor and the chip respectively.
  • the chip is also connected to an output current protection module
  • the output current protection module is used to prevent the output current of the chip from exceeding a second preset threshold.
  • the output current protection module includes a ninth capacitor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eleventh resistor and a fourteenth capacitor;
  • One end of the sixth resistor is connected to the chip, and the other end outputs a voltage
  • One end of the seventh resistor is connected to the chip, and the other end is suspended;
  • the ninth capacitor is provided between one end of the sixth resistor and one end of the seventh resistor;
  • One end of the eleven resistors is connected to the chip, and the other end is connected to ground A;
  • One end of the fourteenth capacitor is connected to one end of the eleventh resistor, and the other end is connected to ground A.
  • the chip is also connected to a feedback module
  • the feedback module is used to obtain the output voltage of the output port and send the output voltage to the chip to adjust the reference voltage.
  • the feedback module includes a tenth capacitor, an eleventh capacitor, an eighth resistor and a ninth resistor;
  • One end of the tenth capacitor is connected to the drain of the chip and the third switch respectively, and the other end of the tenth capacitor is connected to P ground;
  • One end of the eleventh capacitor is connected to one end of the tenth capacitor, and the other end is connected to P ground;
  • One end of the eighth resistor is connected to one end of the tenth capacitor, and the other end is connected to one end of the chip and the ninth resistor respectively;
  • the other end of the ninth resistor is connected to P ground.
  • the chip is also connected to a loop stabilization module
  • the loop stabilization module is used to improve the power supply ripple suppression ratio of the chip.
  • the loop stabilization module includes a twelfth capacitor, a thirteenth capacitor and a tenth resistor
  • One end of the twelfth capacitor is connected to the chip, and the other end is connected to ground A;
  • One end of the tenth resistor is connected to the chip, and the other end is connected to the thirteenth capacitor;
  • the other end of the thirteenth capacitor is connected to ground A.
  • embodiments of this specification provide a power supply provided with any one of the wireless charging voltage stabilizing circuits.
  • embodiments of this specification provide a new energy vehicle, which is provided with the power supply.
  • the above technical solution is used to solve the problem of the wireless charger's power supply voltage changing with the change of the battery, causing the output voltage to be unstable.
  • any voltage can be set to supply the full-bridge inverter part.
  • the duty cycle of the switch tube of the MOS module is controlled, and the output voltage is adjusted, so that the wireless charger can charge the mobile phone with any power within the allowed range.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a wireless charging voltage stabilizing circuit according to an embodiment of this specification
  • Figure 2 shows the topology diagram of the wireless charging voltage stabilizing circuit according to the embodiment of this specification
  • Figure 3 shows a circuit diagram of a wireless charging voltage stabilizing circuit according to an embodiment of this specification.
  • the schematic diagram of the wireless charging voltage stabilizing circuit includes:
  • Chip 1 is used to compare the battery voltage with the reference voltage and output a control signal to control the MOS module 22 to switch the boost/buck topology mode;
  • the chip 1 Based on the periodic signal from the control unit 3, the chip 1 controls the duty cycle of the switching tube of the MOS module 2.
  • the above circuit is used to solve the problem of the wireless charger's power supply voltage changing with the change of the battery, causing the output voltage to be unstable.
  • any voltage can be set to supply the full-bridge inverter part, and the MOS is controlled through the control signal.
  • the conduction/cutoff frequency of the switch tube of module 2 adjusts the output voltage so that the wireless charger can charge the mobile phone with any power within the allowed range.
  • the reference voltage can be obtained by proportional calculation based on the internal circuit of chip 1, or it can be introduced by chip 1 from an external circuit. Because it is more common and easier for chip 1 to obtain the reference voltage from the outside, it can usually be It is obtained by cascading reference voltage chip 1 and chip 1. The disadvantage is that when adjusting reference voltage chip 1, reference voltage chip 1 needs to be replaced. Therefore, the embodiment of this specification uses proportional operation to obtain the reference voltage. The following content will be detailed. Describe the external circuit structure of chip 1 and the additional circuit structure of chip 1. Through the cooperation of the circuits, it can be ensured that when the voltage stabilizing circuit is working, it is in a state of excellent robustness, voltage stability and switching speed.
  • the chip 1 is configured as:
  • chip 1 controls MOS module 2 to switch to buck topology mode
  • chip 1 controls MOS module 2 to switch to boost topology mode.
  • the battery capacity gradually decreases from 100%, its output voltage will also decrease accordingly. This is caused by the internal structure of the battery. For example, when the battery capacity is 100%, its output voltage is 16V. When the battery capacity is 30%, the voltage output of the battery may be only 9V.
  • various types of mobile phone charging protocols set the charging voltage. For example, it may need to reach 12V before charging can be started. When the voltage When it is lower than 12V or higher than 12V, the mobile phone will not be charged, so a circuit topology is needed.
  • the battery capacity When the battery capacity is low, When the output voltage is low, the output voltage is increased to meet the charging voltage requirements of the mobile phone. When the battery capacity is high and the output voltage is high, the output voltage is reduced to meet the charging voltage requirements of the mobile phone.
  • the buck topology mode is a buck mode, that is, the output voltage is reduced.
  • Boost topology mode is a boost mode, that is, the output voltage increases.
  • the MOS module 2 includes a first switch tube 401, a second switch tube 402, a third switch tube 403, a fourth switch tube 404 and a first inductor 301;
  • the gates of the first switch tube 401, the second switch tube 402, the third switch tube 403 and the fourth switch tube 404 are all connected to the chip 1 and receive control signals;
  • the drain of the first switch tube 401 is connected to the battery voltage
  • the source of the first switch 401 is connected to the drain of the second switch 402;
  • the drain of the third switch 403 is connected to the output port
  • the source of the third switch 403 is connected to the drain of the fourth switch 404;
  • the source of the second switch 402 is connected to the source of the fourth switch 404 and grounded;
  • the first inductor 301 is provided between the connection point of the first switch tube 401 and the second switch tube 402 and the connection point of the third switch tube 403 and the fourth switch tube 404.
  • the first switch tube 401 and the second switch tube 402 are in complementary conduction
  • the third switch tube 403 and the fourth switch tube 404 are in complementary conduction. That is, when the first switch tube 401 is When it is turned on, the second switch tube 402 must be turned off. When the first switch tube 401 is turned off, the second switch tube 402 must be turned on.
  • the third switch tube 403 and the fourth switch tube 404 also follow the above rules. The description of the embodiments will not be repeated here.
  • the output port is used to stream the output voltage.
  • the chip 1 controls the first switch transistor 401 and the second switch transistor 402 to conduct periodic complementary conduction, and controls the third switch transistor 403 to conduct,
  • the fourth switching tube 404 is controlled to be turned off.
  • the output voltage needs to be reduced, so when the first switch 401 is turned on, the first capacitor 101 stores the battery voltage and generates a reactive electromotive force, so that the output voltage is less than the battery voltage.
  • the second switch 402 When the second switch 402 is turned on, according to Lenz's law, the first inductor 301 generates electromotive force.
  • the inductor can never be larger than the battery voltage, the final output voltage is smaller than the battery voltage. Therefore, when the first switch 401 When complementary conduction is performed with the second switch transistor 402, no matter which one of the switch transistors is conductive, the output voltage will be smaller than the battery voltage.
  • the chip 1 when the MOS module 2 switches to the boost topology mode, the chip 1. Control the third switching transistor 403 and the fourth switching transistor 404 to conduct periodically and complementaryly, control the first switching transistor 401 to conduct, and control the second switching transistor 402 to turn off.
  • the output voltage needs to be increased.
  • the third switch 403 is turned off, the first inductor 301 stores the battery voltage.
  • the fourth switch 404 is turned on, the first inductor 301 releases the battery voltage and adds battery voltage, achieving an increase in output voltage.
  • a filter module 4 is provided between the chip 1 and the battery voltage;
  • the filter module 4 is used to filter and rectify the battery voltage.
  • a filter circuit is needed for filtering.
  • the capacitor can be grounded to introduce the alternating current into the ground.
  • the characteristics of the capacitor It will isolate DC so that DC and AC can be better distinguished.
  • the specific circuit of the filter module 4 is described in detail in the following content.
  • an input current protection module 5 is provided between the chip 1 and the battery voltage;
  • the input current protection module 5 is used to prevent the battery voltage received by the chip 1 from exceeding the first threshold.
  • the embodiment of this specification requires Limit the maximum voltage input to the switch tube and chip 1.
  • the first threshold can be used as the maximum voltage that chip 1 can carry.
  • the corresponding first threshold can be adjusted according to the limit voltage of chip 1. For example, the limit voltage of chip 1 is 20V, then the first threshold can be set within 20V.
  • the specific circuit of the input current protection module 5 is described in detail in the following content.
  • a power supply module 6 is provided between the MOS module 2 and the chip 1;
  • the energy supply module 6 is used to provide electric energy to the MOS module 2 .
  • chip 1 has certain limitations on size, chip 1 has limited load capacity under smaller size limits. Therefore, chip 1 may not be able to drive four switch tubes at the same time, so it is necessary to The high potential (upper tube) switching tube supplies energy to meet the needs of the switching tube. However, in order to avoid the phenomenon of voltage backflow due to the light tube during the on/off process of the switch tube, it is also necessary to install an anti-backflow electronic device on the functional module to protect the power supply for the MOS module 2.
  • the chip 1 is also connected to an enabling module 7; the enabling module 7 is used to start the chip 1.
  • chip 1 is also connected to an output current protection module 8;
  • the output current protection module 8 is used to prevent the output current of the chip 1 from exceeding the second preset threshold.
  • the voltage stabilizing circuit in the embodiment of this specification is used for wireless charging, when the voltage stabilizing circuit outputs an appropriate voltage, the magnetic induction coil converts electrical energy into magnetic energy and charges the mobile phone.
  • the magnetic induction coil The quality factor is usually very small, and the channel is very small, but it transmits more energy.
  • the magnetic coil cannot withstand a larger current. When the current is too large, the magnetic coil will be burned. Therefore, when the periphery of chip 1 When a short circuit occurs in the circuit, a huge current will be generated.
  • the output current protection module 8 To protect the downstream circuit, it can also protect chip 1 when a large current occurs in chip 1 to prevent chip 1 from being burned.
  • the chip 1 is also connected to a feedback module 9;
  • the feedback module 9 is used to obtain the output voltage and send the output voltage to the chip 1 to adjust the reference voltage.
  • chip 1 has an initial voltage internally determined according to its own physical properties.
  • the reference voltage can be adjusted by voltage division. The specific process will be described in detail in the following content about the circuit.
  • the chip 1 is also connected to a loop stabilization module 10;
  • the loop stabilization module 10 is used to improve the power supply ripple suppression ratio of the chip 1 .
  • the loop stabilization module 10 is designed in the embodiment of this specification. Through its differential adjustment, the power supply ripple suppression ratio can be improved.
  • the power supply ripple rejection ratio is the ratio of the supply voltage change to the output voltage change, commonly expressed in decibels.
  • protection resistors are provided between the gates of the first switch tube 401, the second switch tube 402, the third switch tube 403 and the fourth switch tube 404 and the chip 1.
  • chip 1 when overvoltage or overcurrent occurs in chip 1, chip 1 will breakdown the switch tube through the gate of the switch tube through the circuit, so the gate oxide of chip 1 needs to be protected to avoid this happening. situation.
  • the two ground wires are distinguished and located at different locations.
  • the power ground is abbreviated as P (Protect) ground.
  • Analog ground is referred to as A (Analog) ground.
  • the chip 1 in the embodiment of this specification may be a chip 1 with 32 pins.
  • its first pin may be named CE
  • its third pin may be named PWM
  • its fifth pin may be named For IPWM
  • name its 4th pin PG its 14th pin AGND
  • its 2nd pin NC its 7th pin NC
  • name its 13th pin NC name its 8th pin DT
  • name its 10th pin PREQ name its 6th pin ITUNE
  • name its 11th pin For ILIM1 name its 12th pin ILIM2
  • name its first pin CE name its first pin CE
  • name its first pin CE name its 15th pin
  • COMP name its 16th pin FB
  • its 19th pin VOUT its 17th pin SNS2N
  • its 18th pin SNS2P and its 21st pin
  • HD2 name its 20th pin BT2
  • 22nd pin SW2 its 23rd pin LD2
  • 24th pin VCC the connection relationship between the various
  • the filter module 4 includes a first capacitor 101, a second capacitor 102 and a third capacitor 103;
  • One end of the first capacitor 101 is connected to the battery voltage, and the other end is connected to P ground;
  • One end of the second capacitor 102 is connected to one end of the first capacitor 101, and the other end is connected to P ground;
  • One end of the third capacitor 103 is connected to one end of the second capacitor 102, and the other end is connected to P ground.
  • the input current protection module 5 includes a fourth capacitor 104, a fifth capacitor 105, a first resistor 201, a second resistor 202, a third resistor 203, a fifteenth capacitor 115 and a twelfth resistor 212;
  • One end of the fourth capacitor 104 is connected to one end of the third capacitor 103, and the other end is connected to P ground;
  • One end of the first resistor 201 is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor 104, and the other end is connected to the drain of the first switch 401;
  • One end of the second resistor 202 is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor 104, and the other end is connected to the 32nd pin of the chip 1;
  • One end of the third resistor 203 is connected to the other end of the first resistor 201, and the other end of the third resistor 203 is connected to the 31st pin of chip 1;
  • the fifth capacitor 105 is connected to the other end of the second resistor 202 and the other end of the third resistor 203 respectively;
  • One end of the fifteenth capacitor 115 is connected to the 11th pin of chip 1, and the other end is connected to ground A;
  • One end of the twelfth resistor 212 is connected to one end of the fifteenth capacitor 115, and the other end is connected to ground A.
  • the power supply module 6 includes a first diode 501, a second diode 502, a sixth capacitor 106, a seventh capacitor 107 and VCC;
  • the anode of the first diode 501 is connected to VCC, and the cathode is connected to the 29th pin of chip 1;
  • One end of the sixth capacitor 106 is connected to the cathode of the first diode 501, and the other end of the sixth capacitor 106 is connected to the 27th pin of the chip 1 and the connection point of the first switch tube 401 and the second switch tube 402 respectively;
  • the anode of the second diode 502 is connected to VCC, and the cathode is connected to the 20th pin of chip 1;
  • One end of the seventh capacitor 107 is connected to the cathode of the second diode 502, and the other end of the seventh capacitor 107 is connected to the 22nd pin of the chip 1 and the connection points of the third switch tube 403 and the fourth switch tube 404 respectively.
  • the enabling module 7 includes a fourth resistor 204, a fifth resistor 205 and an eighth capacitor 108;
  • One end of the fourth resistor 204 is connected to P ground and one end of the eighth capacitor 108 respectively, and the other end of the fourth resistor 204 is connected to the enable signal and one end of the fifth resistor 205 respectively;
  • the other end of the fifth resistor 205 is connected to the first pin of chip 1;
  • the other end of the eighth capacitor 108 is connected to the other end of the third capacitor 103 and the 30th pin of the chip 1 respectively.
  • the output current protection module 8 includes a ninth capacitor 109, a sixth resistor 206, a seventh resistor 207, an eleventh resistor and a fourteenth capacitor 114;
  • One end of the sixth resistor 206 is connected to the 18th pin of chip 1, and the other end outputs a voltage
  • One end of the seventh resistor 207 is connected to the 17th pin of chip 1, and the other end is suspended;
  • the ninth capacitor 109 is provided between one end of the sixth resistor 206 and one end of the seventh resistor 207;
  • One end of the eleven resistor is connected to the 12th pin of chip 1, and the other end is connected to ground A;
  • One end of the fourteenth capacitor 114 is connected to one end of the eleventh resistor, and the other end is connected to ground A.
  • the feedback module 9 includes a tenth capacitor 110, an eleventh capacitor 111, an eighth resistor 208 and a ninth resistor 209;
  • One end of the tenth capacitor 110 is connected to the 19th pin of chip 1 and the drain of the third switch 403 respectively, so the other end of the tenth capacitor 110 is connected to P ground;
  • One end of the eleventh capacitor 111 is connected to one end of the tenth capacitor 110, and the other end is connected to P ground;
  • One end of the eighth resistor 208 is connected to one end of the tenth capacitor 110, and the other end is connected to the 16th pin of chip 1 and one end of the ninth resistor 209 respectively;
  • the other end of the ninth resistor 209 is connected to P ground.
  • the loop stabilization module 10 includes a twelfth capacitor 112, a thirteenth capacitor 113 and a tenth resistor 210;
  • One end of the twelfth capacitor 112 is connected to the 15th pin of chip 1, and the other end is connected to ground A;
  • One end of the tenth resistor 210 is connected to the 15th pin of chip 1, and the other end is connected to the thirteenth capacitor 113;
  • the other end of the thirteenth capacitor 113 is connected to ground A.
  • the gate of the first switch tube 401 is connected to the 28th pin of the chip 1 .
  • the gate of the second switch 402 is connected to the 26th pin of the chip 1 .
  • the gate of the third switch 403 is connected to the 21st pin of the chip 1 .
  • the gate of the fourth switch 404 is connected to the 23rd pin of the chip 1 .
  • Protection resistors are provided between the gates of the first switch tube 401, the second switch tube 402, the third switch tube 403 and the fourth switch tube 404 and the chip 1.
  • the resistance values of the protection resistors are the same, so in order to reduce the length, the description of the embodiment of this specification will not be further elaborated.
  • control signal in the embodiment of this specification can be imported from the 3rd pin to control the on/off frequency of the switch tube.
  • the control signal can be a PMW pulse wave or a sawtooth wave. Through the different duty of the waveform Ratio, you can adjust the turn-on/cut-off frequency.
  • the second preset threshold in the embodiment of this specification is related to the internal fixed voltage of chip 1, the eleventh resistor 211, the sixth resistor 206 and the seventh resistor 207.
  • the specific formula is: Where V ref is a fixed voltage, R ILIM2 is the eleventh resistor 211 , R ss2 is the sixth resistor 206 , and R SNS2 is the seventh resistor 207 .
  • the output current can be adjusted to limit the output current to not be higher than the calculated value.
  • the first threshold in the embodiment of this specification is related to the internal fixed voltage of chip 1, the twelfth resistor 212, the second resistor 202, the third resistor 203 and the first resistor 201.
  • the specific formula is: Where V ref is a fixed voltage, R ILIM1 is the twelfth resistor 212 , R ss2 is the average value of the second resistor 202 and the third resistor 203 , and R SNS2 is the first resistor 201 .
  • V ref in the embodiment of this specification can be 1.22V.
  • the actual output value of the output voltage is affected by the PWM duty cycle.
  • V out V set *(1/6+5 /6D), where V out is the actual output voltage, that is, the output voltage on the upper side of the eleventh capacitor 111.
  • V set is the maximum voltage that the circuit can actually output.
  • V set in the example can be 20.39V.
  • V out when the PWM duty cycle D is 0, V out is 3.4V. That is to say, V out can change linearly between 3.4-20.39V, so adjust the PWM duty cycle
  • the air ratio can output different stabilized voltages.
  • it can easily adapt to the charging protocol voltages of different mobile phone brands, such as 5V, 8V or 12V, etc.
  • An embodiment of this specification also provides a power supply, which is provided with a wireless charging voltage stabilizing circuit.
  • Embodiments of this specification also provide a new energy vehicle, which is equipped with the above-mentioned power supply.
  • the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or integrated. to another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, or may be electrical, mechanical or other forms of connection.
  • a unit described as a separate component may or may not be physically separate.
  • a component shown as a unit may or may not be a physical unit, that is, it may be located in one place, or it may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of this specification.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of this specification may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

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Abstract

一种无线充电稳压电路、电源和新能源汽车，包括：芯片（1），用于将电池电压与基准电压进行比较，输出控制信号，以控制MOS模块（2）切换boost/buck的拓扑模式；芯片（1）基于来自控制单元（3）的周期信号，控制MOS模块（2）的开关管的占空比，解决无线充电器供电电压随电池变化而变化，导致输出电压不稳的问题，并且控制MOS模块（2）的开关管的占空比，调整输出电压，让无线充电器可以在允许范围内以任意功率对手机进行充电。

Description

一种无线充电稳压电路、电源和新能源汽车
本说明书实施例要求2022年5月06日递交的申请号为202221070754.0、发明名称为“一种无线充电稳压电路、电源和新能源汽车”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本说明书实施例中。
技术领域
本实用新型涉及电力领域，尤其涉及一种无线充电稳压电路、电源和新能源汽车。
背景技术
在新能源汽车中，由于车内电子器件较多，且各种电子器件对于用电要求较高，所以对于新能源汽车内的电源研究是各车厂最为重视的。
通常新能源汽车的供电是用一些不同容量的电池组成的电池组所提供的，由于电池在剩余电量不同时，输出的电压是不同的，所以对于电压要求较高的电子器件来说，电池电压变化，会造成电子器件的工作状态不稳定，因此，需要设计一种电路，可以稳定电池的输出电压。
实用新型内容
针对现有技术的上述问题，本说明书实施例的目的在于，提供一种无线充电稳压电路、电源和新能源汽车，以解决现有技术中电池电压输出不稳定的问题。
为了解决上述技术问题，本说明书实施例的具体技术方案如下：
一方面，本说明书实施例提供一种无线充电稳压电路，包括：
芯片，用于将电池电压与基准电压进行比较，输出控制信号，以控制MOS模块切换boost/buck的拓扑模式；
所述芯片基于来自控制单元的周期信号，控制所述MOS模块的开关管的占空比。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，所述芯片配置为：
当所述电池电压高于所述基准电压时，所述芯片控制所述MOS模块切换为buck拓扑模式；
当所述电池电压低于所述基准电压时，所述芯片控制所述MOS模块切换为boost拓扑模式。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，所述MOS模块包括第一开关管、第二开关管、第三开关管、第四开关管和第一电感；
所述第一开关管、所述第二开关管、所述第三开关管和所述第四开关管的栅极均与所述芯片连接，并接收所述控制信号；
所述第一开关管的漏极与电池电压相连；
所述第一开关管的源极与所述第二开关管的漏极相连；
所述第三开关管的漏极与输出端口相连
所述第三开关管的源极与所述第四开关管的漏极相连；
所述第二开关管的源极和所述第四开关管的源极相连并接地；
所述第一电感设于所述第一开关管与所述第二开关管的相连点和所述第三开关管与所述第四开关管的相连点之间。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，当所述MOS模块切换为buck拓扑模式时，所述芯片控制所述第一开关管和所述第二开关管周期性互补导通，控制所述第三开关管导通，控制所述第四开关管截止。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，当所述MOS模块切换为boost拓扑模式时，所述芯片控制所述第三开关管和所述第四开关管周期性互补导通，控制所述第一开关管导通，控制所述第二开关管截止。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，所述芯片与所述电池电压之间设有滤波模块；
所述滤波模块用于将所述电池电压进行滤波。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，所述滤波模块包括第一电容、第二电容和第三电容；
所述第一电容的一端与所述电池电压相连，另一端接P地；
所述第二电容的一端与所述第一电容的一端相连，另一端接P地；
所述第三电容的一端与所述第二电容的一端相连，另一端接P地。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，所述芯片与所述电池电压之间设有输入电流保护模块；
所述输入电流保护模块用于防止所述芯片接收到的所述电池电压超过第一阈值。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，所述输入电流保护模块包括第四电容、第五电容、第一电阻、第二电阻、第三电阻、第十五电容和第十二电阻；
所述第四电容的一端与所述第三电容的一端相连，另一端接P地；
所述第一电阻的一端与所述第四电容的一端相连，另一端与所述第一开关管的漏极相连；
所述第二电阻的一端与所述第四电容的一端相连，另一端与所述芯片相连；
所述第三电阻的一端与所述第一电阻的另一端相连，所述第三电阻的另一端与所述芯片相连；
所述第五电容分别连接于所述第二电阻的另一端和所述第三电阻的另一端；
所述第十五电容的一端与所述芯片相连，另一端接A地；
所述第十二电阻的一端与所述第十五电容的一端相连，另一端接A地。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，所述MOS模块与所述芯片之间设有供能模块；
所述供能模块，用于对所述MOS模块提供电能。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，所述供能模块包括第一二极管、第二二极管、第六电容、第七电容和VCC；
所述第一二极管的阳极与所述VCC相连，阴极与所述芯片相连；
所述第六电容的一端与所述第一二极管的阴极相连，所述第六电容的另一端分别连接所述芯片和所述第一开关管和所述第二开关管的相连点；
所述第二二极管的阳极与所述VCC相连，阴极与所述芯片相连；
所述第七电容的一端与所述第二二极管的阴极相连，所述第七电容的另一端分别连接所述芯片和所述第三开关管和所述第四开关管的相连点。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，所述芯片还连接有使能模块；
所述使能模块用于启动所述芯片。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，所述使能模块包括第四电阻、第五电阻和第八电容；
所述第四电阻的一端分别与P地和所述第八电容的一端相连，所述第四电阻的另一端分别与使能信号和所述第五电阻的一端相连；
所述第五电阻的另一端接所述芯片；
所述第八电容的另一端分别与所述第三电容的另一端和所述芯片相连。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，所述芯片还连接有输出电流保护模块；
所述输出电流保护模块用于防止所述芯片的输出电流超过第二预设阈值。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，所述输出电流保护模块包括第九电容、第六电阻、第七电阻、十一电阻和第十四电容；
所述第六电阻的一端与所述芯片相连，另一端输出电压；
所述第七电阻的一端与所述芯片相连，另一端悬空；
所述第九电容设于所述第六电阻的一端和所述第七电阻的一端之间；
所述十一电阻的一端与所述芯片相连，另一端接A地；
所述第十四电容的一端与所述十一电阻的一端相连，另一端接A地。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，所述芯片还连接有反馈模块；
所述反馈模块用于，获取所述输出端口的输出电压，并将所述输出电压发送至所述芯片，以调整所述基准电压。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，所述反馈模块包括第十电容、第十一电容、第八电阻和第九电阻；
所述第十电容的一端分别与所述芯片、所述第三开关管的漏极相连，所第十电容的另一端接P地；
所述第十一电容的一端与所述第十电容的一端相连，另一端接P地；
所述第八电阻的一端与所述第十电容的一端相连，另一端分别与所述芯片和所述第九电阻的一端相连；
所述第九电阻的另一端接P地。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，所述芯片还连接有环路稳定模块；
所述环路稳定模块，用于提升所述芯片的电源波纹抑制比。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，所述环路稳定模块包括第十二电容、第十三电容和第十电阻；
所述第十二电容的一端与所述芯片相连，另一端接A地；
所述第十电阻的一端与所述芯片相连，另一端与所述第十三电容相连；
所述第十三电容的另一端接A地。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，所述第一开关管、所述第二开关管、所述第三开关管和所述第四开关管的栅极与所述芯片之间，均设有保护电阻。
另一方面，本说明书实施例提供了一种电源，所述电源设有任一项所述的无线充电稳压电路。
另一方面，本说明书实施例提供了一种新能源汽车，所述新能源汽车设有所述电源。
采用上述技术方案，解决无线充电器供电电压随电池变化而变化，导致输出电压不稳的问题，通过控制MOS模块的拓扑模式，可以设置任意电压供给全桥逆变部分，通 过控制信号，控制MOS模块的开关管的占空比，调整输出电压，让无线充电器可以在允许范围内以任意功率对手机进行充电。
为让本说明书实施例的上述和其他目的、特征和优点能更明显易懂，下文特举较佳实施例，并配合所附图式，作详细说明如下。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本说明书实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本说明书实施例的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1示出了本说明书实施例无线充电稳压电路的示意图；
图2示出了本说明书实施例无线充电稳压电路的拓扑图；
图3示出了本说明书实施例无线充电稳压电路的电路图。
附图符号说明：
1、芯片；2、MOS模块；3、控制单元；4、滤波模块；5、输入电流保护模块；6、
供能模块；7、使能模块；8、输出电流保护模块；9、反馈模块；10、环路稳定模块；101、第一电容；102、第二电容；103、第三电容；104、第四电容；105、第五电容；106、第六电容；107、第七电容；108、第八电容；109、第九电容；110、第十电容；111、第十一电容；112、第十二电容；113、第十三电容；114、第十四电容；115、第十五电容；201、第一电阻；202、第二电阻；203、第三电阻；204、第四电阻；205、第五电阻；206、第六电阻；207、第七电阻；208、第八电阻；209、第九电阻；210、第十电阻；211、第十一电阻；212、第十二电阻；301、第一电感；401、第一开关管；402、第二开关管；403、第三开关管；404、第四开关管；501、第一二极管；502、第二二极管。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本说明书实施例中的附图，对本说明书实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本说明书实施例一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本说明书实施例中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本说明书实施例保护的范围。
需要说明的是，本说明书实施例的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第 一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的本说明书实施例的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、装置、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
如图1无线充电稳压电路的示意图，包括：
芯片1，用于将电池电压与基准电压进行比较，输出控制信号，以控制MOS模块22切换boost/buck的拓扑模式；
芯片1基于来自控制单元3的周期信号，控制MOS模块2的开关管的占空比。
采用上述电路，解决无线充电器供电电压随电池变化而变化，导致输出电压不稳的问题，通过控制MOS模块2的拓扑模式，可以设置任意电压供给全桥逆变部分，通过控制信号，控制MOS模块2的开关管的导通/截止频率，调整输出电压，让无线充电器可以在允许范围内以任意功率对手机进行充电。
需要说明的是，基准电压可以是根据芯片1内部的电路进行比例运算得到的，也可以是芯片1由外部电路引入的，因芯片1由外部的获取基准电压较为常见，也较为容易，通常可以采用基准电压芯片1与芯片1级联得到，缺点是当调整基准电压芯片1时，需要更换基准电压芯片1，因此，本说明书实施例采用比例运算的方式获取基准电压，下述内容，将详细描述芯片1的外部电路结构，以及芯片1的附加电路结构，通过电路相互配合，可以保证在稳压电路工作时，处于一个鲁棒性、稳压性和切换速度较为优秀的状态。
如图2无线充电稳压电路的拓扑图，作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，芯片1配置为：
当电池电压高于基准电压时，芯片1控制MOS模块2切换为buck拓扑模式；
当电池电压低于基准电压时，芯片1控制MOS模块2切换为boost拓扑模式。
可以说明的是，当电池的容量由100％逐渐降低时，其输出电压同样会随之降低，这是由电池的内部结构所导致的，例如，当电池的容量为100％时，其输出电压为16V，当电池的容量为30％时，那么电池的电压输出可能仅有9V，在当前，各种类型的手机充电协议设定了充电电压，例如可能需要达到12V才可以开启充电，当电压低于12V或者高于12V时，将无法对手机进行充电，所以需要有一种电路拓扑，当电池的容量低导 致输出电压低时，将输出电压提升，以达到手机的充电电压要求，当电池的容量高导致输出电压高时，将输出电压降低，以达到手机的充电电压要求。
本说明书实施例中，buck拓扑模式为降压模式，即，将输出电压降低。
Boost拓扑模式为升压模式，即，输出电压升高。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，MOS模块2包括第一开关管401、第二开关管402、第三开关管403、第四开关管404和第一电感301；
第一开关管401、第二开关管402、第三开关管403和第四开关管404的栅极均与芯片1连接，并接收控制信号；
第一开关管401的漏极与电池电压相连；
第一开关管401的源极与第二开关管402的漏极相连；
第三开关管403的漏极与输出端口相连；
第三开关管403的源极与第四开关管404的漏极相连；
第二开关管402的源极和第四开关管404的源极相连并接地；
第一电感301设于第一开关管401与第二开关管402的相连点和第三开关管403与第四开关管404的相连点之间。
需要说明的是，在本说明书实施例中，第一开关管401与第二开关管402互补导通，第三开关管403和第四开关管404互补导通，即当第一开关管401为导通时，第二开关管402一定截止，第一开关管401为截止时，第二开关管402一定导通，同理，第三开关管403和第四开关管404也遵循上述规律，本说明书实施例在此不再赘述。
输出端口用于流出输出电压。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，当MOS模块2切换为buck拓扑模式时，芯片1控制第一开关管401和第二开关管402周期性互补导通，控制第三开关管403导通，控制第四开关管404截止。
在本拓扑中，需要降低输出电压，所以在第一开关管401处于导通时，第一电第一电容101感将电池电压进行储存，并产生反生电动势，令输出电压小于电池电压，当第二开关管402处于导通时，根据楞次定律，第一电感301产生电动势，但因为电感永远不可能比电池电压大，所以最终输出的电压比电池电压小，所以在第一开关管401和第二开关管402进行互补导通时，无论其任意一个开关管导通，那么输出的电压都要比电池电压小。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，当MOS模块2切换为boost拓扑模式时，芯片 1控制第三开关管403和第四开关管404周期性互补导通，控制第一开关管401导通，控制第二开关管402截止。
在本拓扑中，需要提升输出电压，第三开关管403截止时，第一电感301将电池电压进行储存，在第四开关管404导通时，第一电感301将电池电压释放，并加上电池电压，实现了输出电压的提升。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，芯片1与电池电压之间设有滤波模块4；
滤波模块4用于将电池电压进行滤波整流。
需要说明的是，为了令输入到稳压电路的电压较为平稳，且降低直流中的交流电，所以需要有一个滤波电路进行滤波，通常可以采用电容接地的方式令交流电导入至地下，而电容的特性会隔绝直流，以便令直流和交流可以更好的区分。具体的滤波模块4的电路，在下述内容中详细描述。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，芯片1与电池电压之间设有输入电流保护模块5；
输入电流保护模块5用于防止芯片1接收到的电池电压超过第一阈值。
需要说明的是，因为在电源中，难免会因为静电或者空气放电的现象令电源电压在瞬间非常大，甚至是高于正常值的几倍，因此，为了避免这种现象，本说明书实施例需要限值输入到开关管和芯片1的最大电压，在本说明书实施例中，可以令第一阈值作为芯片1所能承载的最大电压，相应的第一阈值可以根据芯片1的极限电压进行调整，例如芯片1的极限电压为20V，那么可以将第一阈值设置在20V以内。具体的输入电流保护模块5的电路，在下述内容中详细描述。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，MOS模块2与芯片1之间设有供能模块6；
供能模块6，用于对MOS模块2提供电能。
需要说明的是，因为芯片1对于尺寸具有一定限定，所以在较小的尺寸限值下，芯片1的带负载能力有限，因此，芯片1可能无法同时驱动四个开关管工作，所以需要对处于高电位(上管)的开关管进行供能，以满足开关管的需要。但是，为了避免在开关管导通/截止过程中由于开光管出现电压倒灌现象，还需要对功能模块设置一个防倒灌的电子器件，以保护对MOS模块2进行功能的电源。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，芯片1还连接有使能模块7；使能模块7用于启动芯片1。
需要说明的是，在某些情况下，例如新能源汽车停火，或者进行更换电池时，为了 安全，需要将稳压电路停止，以节省电能或者防止意外事故，因此，芯片1上设有使能端口，通过与使能模块7的使能控制，例如TTL电平，以控制芯片1的工作或者停止。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，芯片1还连接有输出电流保护模块8；
输出电流保护模块8用于防止芯片1的输出电流超过第二预设阈值。
需要说明的是，因为本说明书实施例的稳压电路是用于无线充电，当稳压电路输出适当的电压后，磁感线圈将电能转换为磁能，并对手机进行充电，该磁感线圈的品质因数通常非常小，信道非常小，但是传递较多能量，相应的，该磁感线圈无法抵抗较大的电流，当电流过大时，会令磁感线圈烧毁，因此，当芯片1的外围电路出现短路时，会产生巨大的电流，为了保护芯片1的后级电路(磁感线圈等)，需要对芯片1连接一个泄能的模块，在本说明书实施例中，通输出电流保护模块8保护后级电路，同样的，也可以在芯片1出现较大的电流时保护芯片1，避免芯片1因此烧毁。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，芯片1还连接有反馈模块9；
反馈模块9用于，获取输出电压，并将输出电压发送至芯片1，以调整基准电压。
需要说明的是，本说明书实施例不需要外接基准电压，而是可以通过自身的输出电压以反馈的形式调整基准电压，在本说明书实施例中，芯片1内部具有根据自身物理性质决定的初始电压，在反馈模块9可以采用电压分压的方式调整基准电压，具体过程在下述关于电路的内容中详细说明。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，芯片1还连接有环路稳定模块10；
环路稳定模块10，用于提升芯片1的电源波纹抑制比。
需要说明的是，为了加快对电源电压的转化速度，本说明书实施例设计了环路稳定模块10，通过其微分调整，可以提升电源波纹抑制比。
电源纹波抑制比是电源电压变化量与输出电压变化量的比值，常用分贝表示。
作为本说明书实施例的一个实施例，第一开关管401、第二开关管402、第三开关管403和第四开关管404的栅极与芯片1之间，均设有保护电阻。
需要说明的是，当芯片1发生过压或者过流的现象时，芯片1会通过线路由开关管的栅极将开关管击穿，所以需要将芯片1的栅氧进行保护，以避免发生这种情况。
为了更好的区分模拟地和电源地，避免数字电路和模拟电路进行干扰，所以将两个地线进行区分并设于不同位置，本说明书实施例中电源地简称为P(Protect)地，将模拟地简称为A(Analog)地。
本说明书实施例中的芯片1可以是具有32引脚的芯片1，为了方便说明，可以将其第1引脚命名为CE，将其第3引脚命名为PWM，将其第5引脚命名为IPWM，将其第4引脚命名为PG，将其第14引脚命名为AGND，将其第2引脚命名为NC，将其第7引脚命名为NC，将其第9引脚命名为NC，将其第13引脚命名为NC，将其第8引脚命名为DT，将其第10引脚命名为PREQ，将其第6引脚命名为ITUNE，将其第11引脚命名为ILIM1，将其第12引脚命名为ILIM2，将其第一引脚命名为CE，将其第一引脚命名为CE，将其第一引脚命名为CE，将其第15引脚命名为COMP，将其第16引脚命名为FB，将其第19引脚命名为VOUT，将其第17引脚命名为SNS2N，将其第18引脚命名为SNS2P，将其第21引脚命名为HD2，将其第20引脚命名为BT2，将其第22引脚命名为SW2，将其第23引脚命名为LD2，将其第24引脚命名为VCC。为了本领域技术人员可以更加直观的确定芯片1各个管脚的连接关系，本说明书实施例下述内容将上述的各个模块与管脚的对应关系进行详细描述。
如图3无线充电稳压电路的电路图，滤波模块4包括第一电容101、第二电容102和第三电容103；
第一电容101的一端与电池电压相连，另一端接P地；
第二电容102的一端与第一电容101的一端相连，另一端接P地；
第三电容103的一端与第二电容102的一端相连，另一端接P地。
输入电流保护模块5包括第四电容104、第五电容105、第一电阻201、第二电阻202、第三电阻203、第十五电容115和第十二电阻212；
第四电容104的一端与第三电容103的一端相连，另一端接P地；
第一电阻201的一端与第四电容104的一端相连，另一端与第一开关管401的漏极相连；
第二电阻202的一端与第四电容104的一端相连，另一端与芯片1的第32引脚相连；
第三电阻203的一端与第一电阻201的另一端相连，第三电阻203的另一端与芯片1的第31引脚相连；
第五电容105分别连接于第二电阻202的另一端和第三电阻203的另一端；
第十五电容115的一端与芯片1的第11引脚相连，另一端接A地；
第十二电阻212的一端与第十五电容115的一端相连，另一端接A地。
供能模块6包括第一二极管501、第二二极管502、第六电容106、第七电容107和VCC；
第一二极管501的阳极与VCC相连，阴极与芯片1的第29引脚相连；
第六电容106的一端与第一二极管501的阴极相连，第六电容106的另一端分别连接芯片1的第27引脚和第一开关管401和第二开关管402的相连点；
第二二极管502的阳极与VCC相连，阴极与芯片1的第20引脚相连；
第七电容107的一端与第二二极管502的阴极相连，第七电容107的另一端分别连接芯片1的第22引脚和第三开关管403和第四开关管404的相连点。
使能模块7包括第四电阻204、第五电阻205和第八电容108；
第四电阻204的一端分别与P地和第八电容108的一端相连，第四电阻204的另一端分别与使能信号和第五电阻205的一端相连；
第五电阻205的另一端接芯片1的第1引脚；
第八电容108的另一端分别与第三电容103的另一端和芯片1的第30引脚相连。
输出电流保护模块8包括第九电容109、第六电阻206、第七电阻207、十一电阻和第十四电容114；
第六电阻206的一端与芯片1的第18引脚相连，另一端输出电压；
第七电阻207的一端与芯片1的第17引脚相连，另一端悬空；
第九电容109设于第六电阻206的一端和第七电阻207的一端之间；
十一电阻的一端与芯片1的第12引脚相连，另一端接A地；
第十四电容114的一端与十一电阻的一端相连，另一端接A地。
反馈模块9包括第十电容110、第十一电容111、第八电阻208和第九电阻209；
第十电容110的一端分别与芯片1的第19引脚、第三开关管403的漏极相连，所第十电容110的另一端接P地；
第十一电容111的一端与第十电容110的一端相连，另一端接P地；
第八电阻208的一端与第十电容110的一端相连，另一端分别与芯片1的第16引脚和第九电阻209的一端相连；
第九电阻209的另一端接P地。
环路稳定模块10包括第十二电容112、第十三电容113和第十电阻210；
第十二电容112的一端与芯片1的第15引脚相连，另一端接A地；
第十电阻210的一端与芯片1的第15引脚相连，另一端与第十三电容113相连；
第十三电容113的另一端接A地。
需要说明的是第一开关管401的栅极与芯片1的第28引脚相连。
需要说明的是第二开关管402的栅极与芯片1的第26引脚相连。
需要说明的是第三开关管403的栅极与芯片1的第21引脚相连。
需要说明的是第四开关管404的栅极与芯片1的第23引脚相连。
第一开关管401、第二开关管402、第三开关管403和第四开关管404的栅极与芯片1之间，均设有保护电阻。
本说明书实施例中，保护电阻阻值一样，所以为了降低篇幅，本说明书实施例不再展开说明。
需要说明的是本说明书实施例的控制信号可以从第3引脚导入，以控制开关管的导通/截止频率，控制信号可以是PMW脉冲波，也可以是锯齿波，通过波形的不同占空比，可以调整导通/截止的频率。
根据技术手册，本说明书实施例中的第二预设阈值与芯片1内部固定电压、第十一电阻211、第六电阻206和第七电阻207有关，具体公式为其中Vref为固定电压，RILIM2为第十一电阻211，Rss2为第六电阻206，RSNS2为第七电阻207。通过上述公式，可以调整输出电流大小，限定输出电流不会高于计算值。
根据技术手册，本说明书实施例中的第一阈值与芯片1内部固定电压、第十二电阻212、第二电阻202、第三电阻203和第一电阻201有关，具体公式为其中Vref为固定电压，RILIM1为第十二电阻212，Rss2为第二电阻202和第三电阻203的平均值，RSNS2为第一电阻201。通过上述公式，可以调整输入电流大小，限定输入电流不会高于计算值。
需要说明的是，本说明书实施例中的固定电压Vref可以为1.22V，输出电压的实际输出值收到PWM占空比的影响，根据手册，Vout＝Vset*(1/6+5/6D)，其中Vout为实际输出电压，即第十一电容111上侧的输出电压，该输出电压是供给下级电路使用的，而Vset是该电路实际可以输出的最大电压，本说明书实施例中的Vset可以为20.39V，根据公式，当PWM占空比D为0时，Vout为3.4V，也就是说，Vout可以在3.4-20.39V之间线性变化，所以调整PWM占空比，可以输出不同的稳压后的电压，相应的，可以方便适配不同的手机品牌的充电协议电压，例如5V、8V或12V等。
为了便于理解，本说明书实施例的芯片1基本的外围电路并未进行文字的描述，本领域技术可以根据图中的连接关系确定未文字描述引脚的连接方式，本说明书实施例在此不再赘述。
本说明书实施例还提供一种电源，电源设有的无线充电稳压电路。
本说明书实施例还提供一种新能源汽车，新能源汽车设有上述电源。
还应理解，在本说明书实施例中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系。例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本说明书实施例中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本说明书实施例中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本说明书实施例的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为了描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本说明书实施例所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另外，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口、装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，也可以是电的，机械的或其它的形式连接。
作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本说明书实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本说明书实施例各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以是两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
本说明书实施例中应用了具体实施例对本说明书实施例的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本说明书实施例的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本说明书实施例的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围 上均会有改变之处，综上，本说明书内容不应理解为对本说明书实施例的限制。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种无线充电稳压电路，其特征在于，包括：
    芯片，用于将电池电压与基准电压进行比较，输出控制信号，以控制MOS模块切换boost/buck的拓扑模式；
    所述芯片基于来自控制单元的周期信号，控制所述MOS模块的开关管的占空比。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的无线充电稳压电路，其特征在于，所述芯片配置为：
    当所述电池电压高于所述基准电压时，所述芯片控制所述MOS模块切换为buck拓扑模式；
    当所述电池电压低于所述基准电压时，所述芯片控制所述MOS模块切换为boost拓扑模式。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的无线充电稳压电路，其特征在于，所述MOS模块包括第一开关管、第二开关管、第三开关管、第四开关管和第一电感；
    所述第一开关管、所述第二开关管、所述第三开关管和所述第四开关管的栅极均与所述芯片连接，并接收所述控制信号；
    所述第一开关管的漏极与电池电压相连；
    所述第一开关管的源极与所述第二开关管的漏极相连；
    所述第三开关管的漏极与输出端口相连
    所述第三开关管的源极与所述第四开关管的漏极相连；
    所述第二开关管的源极和所述第四开关管的源极相连并接地；
    所述第一电感设于所述第一开关管与所述第二开关管的相连点和所述第三开关管与所述第四开关管的相连点之间。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的无线充电稳压电路，其特征在于，当所述MOS模块切换为buck拓扑模式时，所述芯片控制所述第一开关管和所述第二开关管周期性互补导通，控制所述第三开关管导通，控制所述第四开关管截止。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的无线充电稳压电路，其特征在于，当所述MOS模块切换为boost拓扑模式时，所述芯片控制所述第三开关管和所述第四开关管周期性互补导通，控制所述第一开关管导通，控制所述第二开关管截止。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的无线充电稳压电路，其特征在于，所述芯片与所述电池电压之间设有滤波模块；
    所述滤波模块用于将所述电池电压进行滤波。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的无线充电稳压电路，其特征在于，所述滤波模块包括第一电容、第二电容和第三电容；
    所述第一电容的一端与所述电池电压相连，另一端接P地；
    所述第二电容的一端与所述第一电容的一端相连，另一端接P地；
    所述第三电容的一端与所述第二电容的一端相连，另一端接P地。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的无线充电稳压电路，其特征在于，所述芯片与所述电池电压之间设有输入电流保护模块；
    所述输入电流保护模块用于防止所述芯片接收到的所述电池电压超过第一阈值。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的无线充电稳压电路，其特征在于，所述输入电流保护模块包括第四电容、第五电容、第一电阻、第二电阻、第三电阻、第十五电容和第十二电阻；
    所述第四电容的一端与所述第三电容的一端相连，另一端接P地；
    所述第一电阻的一端与所述第四电容的一端相连，另一端与所述第一开关管的漏极相连；
    所述第二电阻的一端与所述第四电容的一端相连，另一端与所述芯片相连；
    所述第三电阻的一端与所述第一电阻的另一端相连，所述第三电阻的另一端与所述芯片相连；
    所述第五电容分别连接于所述第二电阻的另一端和所述第三电阻的另一端；
    所述第十五电容的一端与所述芯片相连，另一端接A地；
    所述第十二电阻的一端与所述第十五电容的一端相连，另一端接A地。
  10. 根据权利要求3所述的无线充电稳压电路，其特征在于，所述MOS模块与所述芯片之间设有供能模块；
    所述供能模块，用于对所述MOS模块提供电能。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的无线充电稳压电路，其特征在于，所述供能模块包括第一二极管、第二二极管、第六电容、第七电容和VCC；
    所述第一二极管的阳极与所述VCC相连，阴极与所述芯片相连；
    所述第六电容的一端与所述第一二极管的阴极相连，所述第六电容的另一端分别连接所述芯片和所述第一开关管和所述第二开关管的相连点；
    所述第二二极管的阳极与所述VCC相连，阴极与所述芯片相连；
    所述第七电容的一端与所述第二二极管的阴极相连，所述第七电容的另一端分别连接所述芯片和所述第三开关管和所述第四开关管的相连点。
  12. 根据权利要求7所述的无线充电稳压电路，其特征在于，所述芯片还连接有使能模块；
    所述使能模块用于启动所述芯片。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的无线充电稳压电路，其特征在于，所述使能模块包括第四电阻、第五电阻和第八电容；
    所述第四电阻的一端分别与P地和所述第八电容的一端相连，所述第四电阻的另一端分别与使能信号和所述第五电阻的一端相连；
    所述第五电阻的另一端接所述芯片；
    所述第八电容的另一端分别与所述第三电容的另一端和所述芯片相连。
  14. 根据权利要求3所述的无线充电稳压电路，其特征在于，所述芯片还连接有输出电流保护模块；
    所述输出电流保护模块用于防止所述芯片的输出电流超过第二预设阈值。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的无线充电稳压电路，其特征在于，所述输出电流保护模块包括第九电容、第六电阻、第七电阻、十一电阻和第十四电容；
    所述第六电阻的一端与所述芯片相连，另一端输出电压；
    所述第七电阻的一端与所述芯片相连，另一端悬空；
    所述第九电容设于所述第六电阻的一端和所述第七电阻的一端之间；
    所述十一电阻的一端与所述芯片相连，另一端接A地；
    所述第十四电容的一端与所述十一电阻的一端相连，另一端接A地。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的无线充电稳压电路，其特征在于，所述芯片还连接有反馈模块；
    所述反馈模块用于，获取所述输出端口的输出电压，并将所述输出电压发送至所述芯片，以调整所述基准电压。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的无线充电稳压电路，其特征在于，所述反馈模块包括第十电容、第十一电容、第八电阻和第九电阻；
    所述第十电容的一端分别与所述芯片、所述第三开关管的漏极相连，所第十电容的另一端接P地；
    所述第十一电容的一端与所述第十电容的一端相连，另一端接P地；
    所述第八电阻的一端与所述第十电容的一端相连，另一端分别与所述芯片和所述第九电阻的一端相连；
    所述第九电阻的另一端接P地。
  18. 根据权利要求1所述的无线充电稳压电路，其特征在于，所述芯片还连接有环路稳定模块；
    所述环路稳定模块，用于提升所述芯片的电源波纹抑制比。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的无线充电稳压电路，其特征在于，所述环路稳定模块包括第十二电容、第十三电容和第十电阻；
    所述第十二电容的一端与所述芯片相连，另一端接A地；
    所述第十电阻的一端与所述芯片相连，另一端与所述第十三电容相连；
    所述第十三电容的另一端接A地。
  20. 根据权利要求3所述的无线充电稳压电路，其特征在于，所述第一开关管、所述第二开关管、所述第三开关管和所述第四开关管的栅极与所述芯片之间，均设有保护电阻。
  21. 一种电源，其特征在于，所述电源设有如权利要求1-20任一项所述的无线充电稳压电路。
  22. 一种新能源汽车，其特征在于，所述新能源汽车设有如权利要求21所述电源。
PCT/CN2023/091966 2022-05-06 2023-05-04 一种无线充电稳压电路、电源和新能源汽车 Ceased WO2023213261A1 (zh)

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