WO2023207588A1 - Alimentation électrique à transfert indirect et chargeur - Google Patents

Alimentation électrique à transfert indirect et chargeur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023207588A1
WO2023207588A1 PCT/CN2023/087759 CN2023087759W WO2023207588A1 WO 2023207588 A1 WO2023207588 A1 WO 2023207588A1 CN 2023087759 W CN2023087759 W CN 2023087759W WO 2023207588 A1 WO2023207588 A1 WO 2023207588A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
control circuit
pin
power supply
transformer
signal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/087759
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨晨涛
陈伟
Original Assignee
深圳英集芯科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023207588A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023207588A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of electronic technology, and specifically to a flyback power supply and charger.
  • USB chargers which are based on switching power supply technology to convert mains power into the charging voltage required by electronic devices.
  • the circuit topology usually used is a flyback power supply (flyback power supply). converter).
  • flyback power supply flyback power supply
  • converter converter
  • both the primary and the secondary require a control circuit to perform relevant signal processing and control respectively, and based on the cooperation of the two, the normal operation of the overall circuit is achieved.
  • An optocoupler circuit is usually used to transmit the feedback signal from the secondary to the primary and ensure the isolation between the two levels.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a flyback power supply and charger that can realize dynamic response of the circuit to reduce external devices and their corresponding losses, and improve the timeliness of primary and secondary disconnection protection.
  • a flyback power supply including: a primary control circuit, a secondary control circuit, a switching tube, a rectifier bridge, and a transformer, wherein,
  • the rectifier bridge is connected to the first input end of the transformer, and the rectifier bridge is used to connect to an external power supply;
  • the second input end of the transformer is connected to the switch tube, the first output end of the transformer is connected to ground, and the second output end of the transformer is connected to the first pin of the secondary control circuit;
  • the first pin and the second pin of the primary control circuit are connected to the switch tube, and the third pin of the primary control circuit is connected to the second pin of the secondary control circuit through a first capacitor; The third pin of the secondary control circuit is connected to ground.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a charger, which includes a flyback power supply as described in the first aspect.
  • the flyback power supply and charger described in the embodiments of this application include: a primary control circuit, a secondary control circuit, a switching tube, a rectifier bridge, and a transformer, wherein the rectifier bridge is connected to the transformer.
  • the first input end of the rectifier bridge is used to connect to the external power supply;
  • the second input end of the transformer is connected to the switch tube, the first output end of the transformer is grounded, and the second output end of the transformer is connected to the first pin of the secondary control circuit;
  • the first and second pins of the primary control circuit are connected to the switch tube, and the third pin of the primary control circuit is connected to the second pin of the secondary control circuit through the first capacitor;
  • the third pin of the secondary control circuit is connected to ground.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a flyback power supply provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another flyback power supply provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a transformer provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram between a primary control circuit and a secondary control circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 5 is a schematic waveform diagram during normal operation provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another disconnection protection waveform provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application.
  • the appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art understand, both explicitly and implicitly, that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
  • Figure 1 shows a flyback power supply in the related art. It can be seen that the AC input (AC input) forms the input voltage V in after passing through the rectifier bridge 4.
  • the primary control circuit 1 generates a corresponding PWM control signal based on the current sampling signal on the pin CS and the feedback signal on the pin PFB, and drives the switch tube 3 to act through the pin gate. With the action of switch tube 3, transformer 5 transmits input V in from the primary side winding to the secondary side winding.
  • the secondary control circuit 2 obtains the output voltage information Vo through the pin, and combines it with an external compensation circuit to generate a corresponding feedback signal. Among them, the feedback signal is transmitted from the secondary to the primary through the optocoupler circuit 6.
  • the circuit control effect is affected by the parasitic capacitance and transmission delay of the optocoupler. More external devices (mainly referring to some electronic components adapted to the optocoupler) increase additional losses and design costs. The primary and secondary Lack of protection during disconnection Timeliness.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a flyback power supply provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • a primary and secondary control system of a flyback power supply is proposed. method, aiming to improve the loop control effect, reduce external components and their corresponding losses, and improve the timeliness of primary and secondary disconnection protection, as follows:
  • the flyback power supply includes: primary control circuit 1, secondary control circuit 2, switching tube 3, rectifier bridge 4, and transformer 5, wherein,
  • the rectifier bridge 4 is connected to the first input end of the transformer 5, and the rectifier bridge 4 is used to connect to an external power supply;
  • the second input end of the transformer 5 is connected to the switch tube 3, the first output end of the transformer 5 is connected to ground, and the second output end of the transformer 5 is connected to the first pin Vo of the secondary control circuit 2. ;
  • the first pin gate and the second pin CS of the primary control circuit 1 are connected to the switch tube 3, and the third pin PFB of the primary control circuit 1 is connected to the secondary control circuit through the first capacitor C FB The second pin SFB of 2; the third pin of the secondary control circuit 2 is grounded.
  • the transformer 5 includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, a first output terminal and a second output terminal.
  • the flyback power supply described in the embodiment of the present application includes: a primary control circuit, a secondary control circuit, a switching tube, a rectifier bridge, and a transformer, wherein the rectifier bridge is connected to the first terminal of the transformer.
  • the rectifier bridge is used to connect to the external power supply; the second input end of the transformer is connected to the switch tube, the first output end of the transformer is connected to ground, and the second output end of the transformer is connected to the first pin of the secondary control circuit; the primary control circuit The first and second pins of the primary control circuit are connected to the switch tube, and the third pin of the primary control circuit is connected to the second pin of the secondary control circuit through the first capacitor; the third pin of the secondary control circuit is connected to ground, which can improve The dynamic response of the circuit is used to reduce external components and their corresponding losses, and to improve the timeliness of primary and secondary disconnection protection.
  • Figure 2 shows the primary and secondary control method of the flyback power supply proposed by this application.
  • the secondary control circuit 2 samples the output voltage based on the first pin Vo and transmits the compensation signal to the primary control circuit 1 through the second pin SFB.
  • the primary control circuit 1 receives the compensation signal through the third pin PFB, and generates a PWM signal through the internal circuit to control the action of the switch tube 3.
  • the primary control circuit 1 includes: PWM control circuit 10, pulse receiver (RX) 7 and first pull-down resistor R p ;
  • the PWM control circuit 10 is connected to the pulse receiver 7 to receive the signal V COMPP from the pulse receiver 7; the PWM control circuit 10 is used to receive the second pin CS of the primary control circuit 1 The input voltage signal VCS , and the PWM control circuit 10 is used to output the signal externally through the first pin gate of the primary control circuit 1;
  • the primary control circuit is also connected to the third pin of the secondary control circuit 2 through the second capacitor C Y , and the pulse receiver 7 is connected to the third pin PFB of the primary control circuit 1.
  • the secondary control circuit 2 includes: a compensation circuit 11 and a pulse generator (TX) 8; the compensation circuit 11 is connected to the pulse generator 8;
  • the pulse generator 8 is connected to the second pin SFB of the secondary control circuit 2; and the second pull-down resistor RS is connected to ground.
  • the compensation circuit 11 includes: a comparator gm, a first resistor Rz and a third capacitor Cz ;
  • the output terminal of the comparator gm is connected to the pulse generator 8, and the output terminal of the comparator gm is connected to the ground in sequence by connecting the first resistor R z and the third capacitor C z ;
  • the first input terminal (+) of the comparator gm is used to input the reference voltage V ref , and the second input terminal (-) of the comparator gm is connected to the first pin of the secondary control circuit.
  • first pull-down resistor R p and the second pull-down resistor RS are connected through a first capacitor C FB and the second capacitor CY .
  • the first pull-down resistor R p , the second pull-down resistor RS , the first capacitor C FB and the second capacitor CY form a feedback signal transmission circuit 9;
  • the secondary control circuit 2 is configured to be formed by the compensation circuit 11 based on the voltage sampling signal Vo and the reference voltage V ref and a pull-down compensation circuit formed by the first resistor R z and the third capacitor C z secondary compensation voltage, and then passing the secondary compensation voltage through the pulse generator 8 to generate a pulse signal;
  • the feedback signal transmission circuit 9 is used to feed back the pulse signal to the primary control circuit 1;
  • the primary control circuit 1 is used to receive the pulse signal through the pulse receiver 7, process the pulse signal to obtain a corresponding compensation signal, and generate a corresponding corresponding signal based on the compensation signal through the PWM control circuit 10.
  • the driving signal is used to drive the switch tube 3 to perform corresponding switching operations.
  • Figure 4 is a partial schematic diagram of the feedback signal transmission circuit from pin SFB to pin PFB.
  • the feedback signal transmission circuit 9 may mainly include a Y capacitor C FB connected between the pins SFB and PFB, a Y capacitor C Y connected between the primary ground and the secondary ground, and a first pull-down resistor R p pulled down by the pin PFB.
  • pin SFB is pulled down by the second pull-down resistor Rs .
  • the compensation circuit 11 in the secondary control circuit 2 forms the secondary compensation voltage V COMPS based on the voltage sampling signal Vo and the reference voltage V ref , and the pull-down compensation circuit.
  • the secondary compensation voltage V COMPS generates a corresponding pulse signal S fb through the pulse generator TX 8, and the width of the pulse signal is related to V COMPS .
  • the corresponding pulse signal V fb can be detected at the pin PFB.
  • the pulse receiver RX 7 in the primary control circuit 1 detects and processes the signal to generate the corresponding compensation signal V COMPP .
  • the PWM control circuit 10 generates a PWM control signal based on this signal and other related signals (such as V CS ) to drive the switching tube 3 to operate.
  • the switch tube 3 is connected to ground through the second resistor R CS .
  • the circuit may mainly include a primary control circuit, a secondary control circuit and a feedback signal transmission circuit.
  • the primary control circuit receives the feedback pulse signal and generates a power switch control signal; the secondary control circuit generates a feedback pulse signal according to the output signal; the feedback pulse signal is transmitted from the secondary to the primary by the feedback signal transmission circuit.
  • the feedback signal transmission circuit is composed of Y capacitors C FB and CY , the first pull-down resistor R p and the second pull-down resistor Rs .
  • the feedback signal transmission circuit may also include but is not limited to Y capacitors, and may also be in the form of pulse transformers, digital optocouplers, etc.
  • the Y capacitor C FB is connected between the primary and secondary signal receiving and transmitting ends, and the Y capacitor C Y is connected between the primary ground and the secondary ground.
  • the first pull-down resistor R p and the second pull-down resistor Rs are respectively located at the primary receiving end and the secondary transmitting end.
  • the feedback pulse width represents the compensation signal, but is not limited to the pulse width, and can also be in the form of pulse level, pulse number, etc.
  • the second output end of the transformer 5 is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor C out through the first diode D1, and the other end of the fourth capacitor C out is connected to ground; the transformer The second output terminal of 5 is also connected to the first pin Vo of the secondary control circuit 2 .
  • the second output end of the transformer 5 is connected to the first pin of the secondary control circuit through a variable resistor.
  • variable resistor can also be replaced by two different resistors.
  • the two resistors can be a resistor RL and a resistor RH , and the voltage dividing function is implemented through the two resistors.
  • the first input end of the transformer 5 is connected to the ground through the fifth capacitor C in .
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the waveforms from V COMPS to V COMPP .
  • T w is the pulse impulse signal, which is related to the secondary compensation signal V COMPS . It can be seen that when V COMPS is high, T w is large, and conversely, when V COMPS is low, T w is small.
  • the pulse signal can be used to characterize the compensation signal, and the pulse signal can carry pulse parameters.
  • the pulse parameters can include at least one of the following: pulse width, pulse level, pulse number, etc., which are not limited here.
  • T s can represent the pulse period. As shown in Figure 5, when the switch tube 3 is turned off, V COMPS is detected and the corresponding S fb pulse signal is generated, so that T s is related to the switching frequency (PWM frequency); of course, it is also Pulses can be generated at other times by obtaining secondary related voltage and current signals; T s can also be a fixed period.
  • the corresponding pulse signal V fb can be detected at the pin PFB of the primary control circuit.
  • the pulse receiver RX 7 in the primary control circuit receives and detects the pulse width of V fb , generates the corresponding V COMPP and maintains it until a new V COMPP is generated.
  • T m represents the pulse receiver detection pulse generation and delay time.
  • the primary obtains V COMPP it is combined with the sampled current signal V cs to control the switching tube 3.
  • the compensation design in terms of loop compensation, since it is not affected by the delay and parasitic capacitance of traditional optocoupler circuits, the compensation design will be simpler and easier to integrate inside the secondary control circuit, further reducing external components.
  • the overall circuit can also have more margin in the design of system bandwidth to optimize the dynamic response of the circuit.
  • the operating loss can be reduced by up to 7 or 8 mW compared with the traditional solution.
  • the embodiment of the present application proposes a primary and secondary control method of a flyback power supply. Since this method does not use an optocoupler circuit, there is no need to consider the optocoupler circuit and its corresponding external devices in the circuit design. Furthermore, It reduces the design cost and working loss. In addition, there is no need to worry about the delay of optocoupler transmission and parasitic parallel capacitance, which affect the bandwidth and stability of the circuit to a certain extent. In turn, it can improve the dynamic response of the circuit and reduce the need for external components. and its corresponding losses, improving the timeliness of primary and secondary disconnection protection.
  • embodiments of the present application also provide a charger, which may include the flyback power supply described above.
  • the charger since the charger includes the above-mentioned flyback power supply and does not use an optocoupler circuit, there is no need to consider the optocoupler circuit and its corresponding external devices in the circuit design, thus reducing the design cost and work. loss.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

Les modes de réalisation de la présente demande divulguent une alimentation électrique à transfert indirect et un chargeur. L'alimentation électrique à transfert indirect comprend un circuit de commande primaire, un circuit de commande secondaire, un tube de commutation, un pont redresseur et un transformateur. Le pont redresseur est raccordé à une première extrémité d'entrée du transformateur. Le pont redresseur est utilisé pour un raccordement à une alimentation électrique externe. Une seconde extrémité d'entrée du transformateur est raccordée au tube de commutation. Une première extrémité de sortie du transformateur est mise à la masse. Une seconde extrémité de sortie du transformateur est raccordée à une première broche du circuit de commande secondaire. Des première et deuxième broches du circuit de commande primaire sont raccordées au tube de commutation. Une troisième broche du circuit de commande primaire est raccordée à une deuxième broche du circuit de commande secondaire au moyen d'un premier condensateur. Une troisième broche du circuit de commande secondaire est mise à la masse. Les modes de réalisation de la présente demande permettent d'améliorer la réponse dynamique du circuit, de sorte que le nombre de dispositifs externes est réduit, ainsi que leurs pertes correspondantes. L'opportunité des protections contre les déconnexions primaires et secondaires s'en trouve améliorée.
PCT/CN2023/087759 2022-04-24 2023-04-12 Alimentation électrique à transfert indirect et chargeur WO2023207588A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210448549.1A CN114553011B (zh) 2022-04-24 2022-04-24 反激电源和充电器
CN202210448549.1 2022-04-24

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CN114553011B (zh) * 2022-04-24 2022-07-26 深圳英集芯科技股份有限公司 反激电源和充电器

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US20090109711A1 (en) * 2007-10-26 2009-04-30 Ta-Ching Hsu Three-pin integrated synchronous rectifier and a flyback synchronous rectifying circuit
CN106411136A (zh) * 2016-08-25 2017-02-15 浙江大学 一种隔离型功率变换器基于高压电容耦合的控制芯片
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CN1599972A (zh) * 2001-12-06 2005-03-23 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 功率转换器
US20090109711A1 (en) * 2007-10-26 2009-04-30 Ta-Ching Hsu Three-pin integrated synchronous rectifier and a flyback synchronous rectifying circuit
CN106411136A (zh) * 2016-08-25 2017-02-15 浙江大学 一种隔离型功率变换器基于高压电容耦合的控制芯片
CN214014114U (zh) * 2020-09-17 2021-08-20 中国电子科技集团公司第四十三研究所 一种次级控制隔离型dc/dc变换器电路拓扑结构
CN112311244A (zh) * 2020-11-05 2021-02-02 无锡硅动力微电子股份有限公司 含集成高压电容隔离通信的功率转换控制电路
CN114553011A (zh) * 2022-04-24 2022-05-27 深圳英集芯科技股份有限公司 反激电源和充电器

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