WO2023207362A1

WO2023207362A1 - Battery thermal runaway test system and test method thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2023207362A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/080802
Authority: WO
Inventors: 梅伟; 李琳; 张亮; 刘宗文; 刘浩东; 王勇; 艾伟
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2022-04-28
Filing date: 2023-03-10
Publication date: 2023-11-02
Also published as: CN117007993A

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of battery thermal runaway, and discloses a battery thermal runaway test system and a test method thereof. The test system comprises a heating device, a power supply, a sensor assembly and a controller. The heating device is arranged inside a battery cell; the power supply is connected to the heating device by means of a wire; the sensor assembly is arranged on the surface of the battery cell and used for detecting signal characteristics inside the battery cell; the controller is connected to the sensor assembly and used for obtaining the signal characteristics of the battery cell and determining a characteristic early warning point of thermal runaway of the battery cell according to the signal characteristics of the battery cell. According to the test system disclosed by the present application, the problem of test interference caused by external factors such as appearance characteristics and overall temperature rise of a battery can be solved, and the accuracy of battery thermal runaway prediction is improved.

Description

A battery thermal runaway testing system and its testing method

Cross-references to related applications

This application claims priority to a Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on April 28, 2022, with application number 202210462499.2 and the application title "A battery thermal runaway test system and its test method", the entire content of which is incorporated by reference. in this application.

Technical field

This application relates to the technical field of battery thermal runaway, and in particular to a battery thermal runaway testing system and its testing method.

Background technique

During the use of vehicle-mounted lithium-ion batteries, the safety requirements are very high. It is required that the battery must not catch fire or explode within 5 minutes after thermal runaway. Therefore, being able to accurately predict thermal runaway is an important measure to ensure battery safety.

Existing testing methods for battery thermal runaway mainly focus on puncturing, pressurizing, heating, etc. the battery body to induce an internal short circuit in the battery to trigger battery thermal runaway. However, the above-mentioned testing methods will cause changes in battery morphology, structure, etc., thereby causing changes in the observed signal characteristics, which is not conducive to signal analysis. Moreover, due to differences in battery electrode materials, electrolyte ratios, and battery pack assembly methods, the signal characteristics do not have a clear change pattern. Therefore, the above thermal runaway triggering method for battery safety cannot meet the needs of battery safety signal analysis and monitoring.

Contents of the invention

This application can provide a battery thermal runaway testing system and testing method, which can solve the problem of test interference caused by external factors such as the morphological characteristics of the battery itself and overall temperature rise, and improve the accuracy of battery thermal runaway prediction.

In the first aspect, this application can provide a battery thermal runaway testing system, which can be used to test the thermal runaway of battery cells. During specific implementation, the testing system can include a heating device, a power supply, a sensor component, and a controller. . The heating device can be arranged inside the battery core and connected to the power supply through wires. The sensor component can be disposed on the surface of the battery core and used to detect signal characteristics of the battery core. The controller is connected to the sensor component and can be used to obtain the signal characteristics of the battery core, and determine the characteristic early warning point of battery thermal runaway based on the obtained sequential characteristics.

Compared with the traditional test system, the test system in this application places a heating device inside the battery core and energizes the heating device through the power supply, so that the heating device generates heat inside the battery core under the action of current, triggering local melting of the diaphragm. At this time, a single-point short circuit occurs inside the battery core at the location where the separator melts, and heat is generated, which further aggravates the melting of the separator and the short circuit of the positive and negative electrodes, eventually causing thermal runaway of the battery core. Since the heating device is used to make the process of diaphragm melting controllable, signal detection without external interference during the entire process of thermal runaway can be achieved. The signal characteristics of the thermal runaway process can then be analyzed, and targeted settings can be made based on the changes in the signal with the thermal runaway process. Characteristic warning points of battery core thermal runaway, and can ensure the accuracy of thermal runaway prediction.

In some possible implementations, the heating device may be an electric heating wire. The heating wire is small in size and can concentrate the heat inside the battery core to achieve the effect of local melting of the separator.

In some possible implementations, the sensor component can include an ultrasonic sensor. The ultrasonic sensor can be used to detect the amplitude, phase, and time delay of the ultrasonic received signal inside the cell. The controller can perform analysis based on the acquired signal. Analysis to obtain the changes in the thermal runaway process of the battery core, and set characteristic early warning points for the thermal runaway of the battery core based on the changes.

In some embodiments, the ultrasonic sensor may include a signal transmitting end and multiple signal receiving ends. The signal transmitting end sends ultrasound, and the ultrasound is transmitted inside the battery core and received by the multiple signal receiving ends. Multiple signal receiving ends can be arranged on both sides of the battery core to facilitate the acquisition of ultrasonic signals in different directions inside the battery core, so as to accurately obtain the process of thermal runaway inside the battery core.

In some embodiments, the battery core may include a first side and a second side that are oppositely arranged. The signal transmitting end of the ultrasonic sensor may be disposed on the first side, and one of the signal receiving ends may also be disposed on the first side, so that a signal receiving end may be disposed on the first side. direction of the ultrasonic signal. The other two signal receiving ends can be arranged on the second side, and there is a certain distance between the two signal receiving ends, so that ultrasonic signals in two directions can be acquired. By acquiring ultrasonic signals in at least three directions, changes in the thermal runaway process of the battery core can be further accurately determined, and characteristic early warning points of the battery core thermal runaway can be set based on the changes.

In some embodiments, the signal transmitting end and the signal receiving end disposed on the first side can be disposed close to both ends of the battery core, and the two signal receiving ends disposed on the second side can also be disposed close to both ends of the battery core respectively. Both ends are set so that the transmission path of the ultrasonic signal inside the battery core can be as long as possible, thereby making the characteristic early warning points more accurate.

In some possible implementations, the sensor component may also include a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is disposed on the surface of the battery core. When the heating device generates heat, the temperature inside the battery core rises. The temperature sensor can acquire the temperature signal on the surface of the battery core. The temperature change on the surface of the battery core can reflect the change in the temperature inside the battery core. The controller can analyze the obtained temperature signal to obtain the changes in the thermal runaway process of the battery core, and set the characteristic early warning point of the battery core thermal runaway based on the changes.

In some possible implementations, the sensor component may also include a voltage sensor for detecting the voltage signal inside the battery core. The controller may analyze the obtained voltage signal to obtain changes in the thermal runaway process of the battery core, and based on the changes Set characteristic early warning points for battery core thermal runaway.

In some possible implementations, the sensor component may also include a pressure sensor. When the cell thermally runs out of control, the internal diaphragm melts and generates gas, causing the cell to expand and the pressure on the cell surface to change. The pressure sensor can obtain the cell surface The controller can analyze the obtained pressure signal to obtain the changes in the thermal runaway process of the battery core, and set the characteristic early warning point of the thermal runaway of the battery core according to the changes.

In the second aspect, this application can provide a testing method for a battery thermal runaway testing system. The battery can include multiple cells. The battery thermal runaway testing system can include a heating device and a power supply. The heating device can be placed inside the battery core and pass through Wires are connected to the power supply. The test method may include: obtaining the signal characteristics of the battery core, and determining the characteristic early warning point of thermal runaway of the battery core based on the signal characteristics of the battery core.

The test method in this application places a heating device inside the battery core and energizes the heating component through the power supply, so that the heating device generates heat inside the battery core under the action of current, triggering local melting of the diaphragm. At this time, the inside of the battery core is in the diaphragm. A single-point short circuit occurs at the melted position and heat is generated, which further aggravates the melting of the separator and the short circuit of the positive and negative electrodes, eventually causing thermal runaway of the battery core. Since the heating device is used to make the process of diaphragm melting controllable, signal detection without external interference during the entire process of thermal runaway can be achieved. The signal characteristics of the thermal runaway process can then be analyzed, and targeted settings can be made based on the changes in the signal with the thermal runaway process. Characteristic warning points of battery core thermal runaway, and can ensure the accuracy of thermal runaway prediction.

In some possible implementations, the signal characteristics of the battery core may include ultrasonic signals. Correspondingly, the testing method may include: determining the melting state warning point of the internal separator of the battery core based on the ultrasonic signal of the battery core. In this method, the melting state of the separator inside the battery core can be judged based on the amplitude, phase, and time delay of the ultrasonic signal when it is transmitted inside the battery core, so as to obtain an effective early warning point.

In some possible implementations, the signal characteristics of the battery core may also include a temperature signal. Correspondingly, the testing method may include: determining the temperature warning point of the battery core according to the temperature signal of the battery core. In this method, when the heating device generates heat, it causes The temperature inside the battery core increases. By obtaining the temperature signal inside the battery core, the change in the temperature inside the battery core during the thermal runaway process of the battery core can be obtained, and the characteristic early warning point of the battery core thermal runaway can be set based on the changes.

In some possible implementations, the signal characteristics of the battery core may also include a voltage signal. Correspondingly, the testing method may include: determining the voltage warning point of the battery core according to the voltage signal of the battery core. Since the voltage signal changes during the melting process of the diaphragm, corresponding early warning points can be set according to the change in voltage.

In some possible implementations, the signal characteristics of the battery core may also include a pressure signal. Correspondingly, the testing method may include: determining the pressure warning point of the voltage based on the pressure signal of the battery core. When the battery core thermally runs out of control, the internal diaphragm melts and generates gas, causing the battery core to expand and the pressure on the battery core surface to change. By analyzing the pressure signal on the battery core surface, the changes in the battery core thermal runaway process can be obtained and based on Change the setting of the characteristic early warning point for thermal runaway of the cell.

In a third aspect, this application also provides a computing device, which includes a processor and is used to implement the method described in the second aspect. The computing device may also include memory for storing program instructions and data. The memory is coupled to the processor. When the processor executes the program instructions stored in the memory, the method described in the second aspect can be implemented. The communication device may also include a communication interface, which is used for the device to communicate with other devices. For example, the communication interface may be a transceiver, a circuit, a bus, a module or other types of communication interfaces.

In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are run on a computer, the computer program or instructions cause the The computer implements the method provided in the second aspect above.

In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program, which when the computer program is run on a computer, causes the computer to implement the method provided in the second aspect.

In a sixth aspect, the application also provides a test system control device, which may include a communication unit and a processing unit, wherein:

The communication unit is used to obtain the signal characteristics of the battery core;

The processing unit is used to determine the characteristic early warning point of thermal runaway of the battery core according to the signal characteristics of the battery core.

In some possible implementations, the communication unit can be specifically used to: obtain the ultrasonic signal of the battery core;

The processing unit can be specifically used to: determine the melting state warning point of the internal diaphragm of the battery core based on the ultrasonic signal of the battery core.

In some possible implementations, the communication unit can be specifically used to: obtain the temperature signal of the battery core;

The processing unit can be specifically used to determine the temperature warning point of the battery core based on the temperature signal of the battery core.

In some possible implementations, the communication unit can be specifically used to: obtain the voltage signal of the cell;

The processing unit can be specifically used to: determine the voltage warning point of the battery core according to the voltage signal of the battery core.

In some possible implementations, the communication unit can be specifically used to: obtain the pressure signal of the cell;

The processing unit can be specifically used to: determine the pressure warning point of the battery core based on the pressure signal of the battery core.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery in an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of thermal runaway thermal runaway inside the battery core in an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the test system in the embodiment of the present application when testing battery cores;

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a test system control device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Reference signs:

10-battery; 11-cell; 111-first side; 112-second side; 20-heating device; 30-wire; 40-power supply; 50-sensor component; 51-ultrasonic sensor; 511-signal transmitting end; 512, 512a, 512b, 512c-signal receiving end; 52-temperature sensor; 53-voltage sensor; 54-pressure sensor; 60-controller; 61- Cell safety monitoring chip; 1100-computing device; 1110-processor; 1120-memory; 1130-communication interface; 1140-bus.

Detailed ways

The terminology used in the following examples is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions "a", "an", "said", "above", "the" and "the" are intended to also Expressions such as "one or more" are included unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

Reference in this specification to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" or the like means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the application. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in other embodiments", "in other embodiments", etc. appearing in different places in this specification are not necessarily References are made to the same embodiment, but rather to "one or more but not all embodiments" unless specifically stated otherwise. The terms “including,” “includes,” “having,” and variations thereof all mean “including but not limited to,” unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

Vehicle-mounted lithium-ion batteries have extremely high safety requirements during use. Currently, there are regulations that the battery must not catch fire or explode within 5 minutes after thermal runaway. Therefore, being able to accurately predict thermal runaway is an important measure to ensure battery safety. Existing methods of causing battery thermal runaway include puncture methods, which use steel needles to pierce battery cells (or modules) in a laboratory environment, forcing the internal structure of the battery to be destroyed, causing an internal short circuit, thereby triggering thermal runaway. However, this method is a direct triggering condition for thermal runaway and is not the main cause of thermal runaway accidents. In addition, it will not only cause the battery to rapidly undergo thermal runaway and fail to provide sufficient pre-thermal runaway signals for analysis, but will also damage the battery. housing, causing additional signal changes.

In addition to the above-mentioned puncture methods, methods that can cause thermal runaway of batteries also include the ball pressing method, which uses external pressure to press metal balls into the inside of the battery, causing an internal short circuit in the battery. However, this method will not only damage the battery shell, causing changes in signal characteristics, which is not conducive to signal observation, but also results in limited data before thermal runaway due to the fast reaction process.

In addition, methods to trigger thermal runaway of the battery include the built-in nickel sheet method, which causes the nickel sheet to pierce the separator by externally pressurizing the battery, causing an internal short circuit and thermal runaway. However, in this method, since external pressure is required, the pressure itself will also cause changes in signal characteristics, which is not conducive to signal analysis. In addition, because the degree of internal short circuit cannot be accurately controlled, the test consistency is poor.

In addition, methods to cause thermal runaway of the battery include heating the built-in hot-melt material, that is, heating the internal hot-melt material from the outside of the battery to the melting point, causing an internal short circuit in the battery. However, in this method, since the battery body needs to be heated, the heating behavior will cause changes in battery signal characteristics and affect signal analysis. In addition, heat transfer requires a process, and there is a difference between the temperature of external heating and the temperature inside the battery, making it impossible to control accurately.

Based on the problems existing in the above methods, embodiments of the present application can provide a battery thermal runaway testing system, which can be used to conduct thermal runaway testing of on-board batteries of electric vehicles and various energy storage batteries. This testing system does not require the battery to be heated. It can also monitor the thermal runaway process of the battery and provide early warning based on the changes in the signal characteristics of the battery during the thermal runaway process. The above test system will be described below with reference to specific embodiments.

Referring to FIG. 1 , FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery in an embodiment of the present application. The battery 10 usually includes a plurality of battery cells 11 , and the plurality of battery cells 11 can be arranged in an array. Each battery core 11 is provided with a separator inside, and the separator can be used to separate the positive electrode and the negative electrode inside the battery core 11, thereby preventing an internal short circuit in the battery core 11. The test pair of the test system in the embodiment of this application The image can be a single battery cell. By monitoring the signal of each battery cell 11 in the battery, an early warning of the thermal runaway state of the entire battery 10 can be achieved, thereby providing reliable safety guarantee for electric vehicles.

Referring to Figures 2 and 3, Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of thermal runaway inside the battery core in an embodiment of the present application, and Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the test system testing the battery core in an embodiment of the present application. The test system may include a heating device 20, a power supply 40, a sensor component 50 and a controller 60. The heating device 20 can be disposed inside the battery core 11. Both ends of the heating device can be connected to the power supply 40 through wires 30 to form a loop. The power supply 40 can input current to the heating device 20 through the wires 30, so that the heating device 20 heats up and the electricity is heated. The diaphragm inside the core 11 close to the heating device 20 melts. At this time, a single-point short circuit will occur inside the battery core 11 at the location where the separator melts, thereby generating heat, further aggravating the melting of the separator, and short-circuiting the positive and negative electrodes of the battery core 11, ultimately causing thermal runaway of the battery core 11.

In some embodiments, the heating device 20 may be an electric heating wire. Since the electric heating wire is small in size, the heat generated is relatively concentrated. By controlling the magnitude of the current applied by the power supply 40 and the time for applying the current, the amount of heat generated by the electric heating wire can be accurately controlled, thereby realizing the melting of the diaphragm, which is beneficial to the controllability of the melting process of the diaphragm inside the battery core 11 . Of course, the heating device 20 can also be other wires or devices with energized heating characteristics, which are not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

In addition, the surface of the conductor 30 can be wrapped with an insulating material. For example, the conductor 30 can be an enameled wire.

The sensor component 50 can be disposed on the surface of the battery core 11 for real-time detection of signal characteristics of the battery core 11 . The controller 60 is equipped with a battery core safety monitoring chip 61 inside. The sensor component 50 can be connected to the controller 60 through a signal line, thereby realizing the connection with the battery core safety monitoring chip 61, so that the sensor component 50 can obtain the signal of the battery core 11. The characteristics are sent to the cell safety monitoring chip 61 . The battery core safety monitoring chip 61 can be equipped with an analog-to-digital converter to convert the analog signal obtained by the sensor component 50 into a digital signal. The converted digital signal can be processed by a neural network processor (neural network processing unit, NPU) or Preprocessing and fusion algorithm processing are performed in the core of the microcontroller unit (MCU), so that the signal characteristics of the thermal runaway process of the battery core 11 can be analyzed, and the thermal runaway process of the battery core 11 can be set according to the changes in signal characteristics with the thermal runaway process. The characteristic warning point of runaway allows the controller 60 to provide a thermal runaway warning for the battery core 11 .

In practical applications, the sensor component 50 can be connected to an on-board control unit (ECU) of an electric vehicle, so that the on-board control unit can obtain the signal characteristics of the battery cell 11 detected by the sensor component 50 in real time. When thermal runaway occurs, the vehicle-mounted control unit can control the vehicle-mounted display screen in the cockpit to prompt the user of the thermal runaway state of the battery cell 11 and warn the user.

In some embodiments, the sensor assembly 50 may include an ultrasonic sensor 51 . The ultrasonic sensor 51 may include a signal transmitting end 511 and a plurality of signal receiving ends 512 . Both the signal transmitting end 511 and the signal receiving end 512 may be disposed on the battery core 11 . surface, and a certain distance is provided between the signal transmitting end 511 and the signal receiving end 512, so that the ultrasonic signal sent by the signal transmitting end 511 is transmitted inside the battery core 11 and then is received by the signal receiving end 512. When the diaphragm inside the battery core 11 is in the process from never melting to gradually melting, the ultrasonic signal received by the signal receiving end 512 changes, and the battery core safety monitoring chip 61 can calculate the thermal runaway diaphragm melting of the battery core 11 based on the changing ultrasonic signal. Status warning point. During specific implementation, the battery core safety monitoring chip 61 can analyze the amplitude, phase, time delay and other characteristics of the ultrasonic signal obtained through the signal receiving end 512. In practical applications, when the ultrasonic signal acquired by the signal receiving end 512 reaches the diaphragm melting warning point, the vehicle-mounted control unit can determine that thermal runaway has occurred in the battery core 11 and issue a warning to the user.

During specific implementation, multiple signal receiving terminals 512 can be disposed on at least two sides of the battery core 11 , so that the ultrasonic signals sent by the signal transmitting terminal 511 can be transmitted through different paths. Since the diaphragm inside the battery core is melted step by step, by setting up different paths for ultrasonic signal transmission, the process of thermal runaway of the battery core 11 can be accurately judged based on the changing characteristics of the ultrasonic signals received by the multiple signal receiving terminals 512, so that Thermal runaway warning is more accurate.

2 and 3 , the battery core 11 may include a first side 111 and a second side 112 that are oppositely arranged. The ultrasonic sensor 51 may include one signal transmitting end 511 and three signal receiving ends 512 . The signal transmitting end 511 and the signal receiving end The end 512a may be disposed on the first side 111, and the signal receiving end 512b and the signal receiving end 512c may be disposed on the second side 112. The signal transmitting end 511 and the signal receiving end 512a can be respectively disposed close to both ends of the battery core 11. Similarly, the signal receiving end 512b and the signal receiving end 512c can also be respectively disposed close to both ends of the battery core 11. In this way, the signal transmitting end The end 511 and the signal receiving end 512b can be approximately located on the same horizontal plane, and the signal receiving end 512a and the signal receiving end 512c can also be approximately located on the same horizontal plane.

The signal transmitting end 511 can send an ultrasonic signal toward the inside of the battery core 11. The transmitted ultrasonic signal can be transmitted along the path 1 between the signal transmitting end 511 and the signal receiving end 512a, or along the path 1 between the signal transmitting end 511 and the signal receiving end 512b. The transmission is carried out along the path 2 between the signal transmitting end 511 and the signal receiving end 512c, or the transmission can be carried out along the path 3 between the signal transmitting end 511 and the signal receiving end 512c. That is to say, the ultrasonic signal can be transmitted not only along the length and width directions of the battery core, but also along the diagonal direction of the battery core 11, so as to obtain more changes in signal characteristics inside the battery core 11, thereby making Thermal runaway warning is more accurate.

Of course, when the number of signal receiving terminals 512 is greater than 3, the signal receiving terminals 512 can also be disposed on other sides of the battery core 11 . This embodiment of the present application will not be described in detail here.

In some other embodiments, the ultrasonic sensor 51 may also include a signal transmitting end 511 and a signal receiving end 512. Alternatively, the ultrasonic sensor 51 may also include multiple signal transmitting ends 511 and multiple signal receiving ends 512. One signal transmitting end 511 and one signal receiving end 512. The terminal 511 may correspond to one signal receiving terminal 512 or to multiple signal receiving terminals 512 . It can also be understood that the ultrasonic sensor 51 in the embodiment of the present application can be one transmitter and one receiver, one transmitter and multiple receivers, or multiple transmitters and multiple receivers.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 3 , in some embodiments, the sensor assembly 50 may also include a temperature sensor 52 . The temperature sensor 52 may also be disposed on the surface of the battery core 11 . When the separator inside the battery core 11 melts, the internal temperature of the battery core 11 rises. High, the temperature sensor 52 can detect the temperature change on the surface of the battery core 11 in real time. Since the temperature change on the surface of the battery core 11 can reflect the temperature change inside the battery core 11, the battery core safety monitoring chip 61 can set corresponding settings according to the obtained temperature signal characteristics. temperature warning point. In practical applications, when the temperature on the surface of the battery core 11 acquired by the temperature sensor 52 reaches a preset temperature warning point, the vehicle-mounted control unit can determine that thermal runaway has occurred in the battery core 11, thereby warning the user.

In some embodiments, the sensor component 50 may further include a voltage sensor 53 , which is disposed on the surface of the battery core 11 and may be used to obtain the voltage signal characteristics of the battery core 11 . When the diaphragm inside the battery core 11 melts, a short circuit occurs inside the battery core 11 , and the voltage value obtained by the voltage sensor 53 also changes accordingly. The battery core safety monitoring chip 61 determines whether thermal runaway occurs in the battery core 11 based on the change in the voltage value. , and the voltage warning point for thermal runaway of battery core 11 can also be set. In practical applications, when the voltage signal acquired by the voltage sensor 53 reaches a preset voltage warning point, for example, the voltage value is 0, the vehicle control unit can determine that the battery core 11 has thermal runaway, thereby warning the user.

As shown in FIG. 3 , there can be multiple voltage sensors 53 , and the multiple voltage sensors 53 can be disposed on different sides of the battery core 11 , so that the multiple voltage sensors 53 can detect voltages in different directions of the battery core 11 , and can be more The change of the voltage signal during the thermal runaway process inside the battery core 11 is effectively detected, thereby improving the accuracy of the thermal runaway warning.

In some possible implementations, the voltage sensor 53 can be a piezoelectric ceramic (lead zirconate titanate, PZT) or the voltage sensor 53 can also be a piezoelectric quartz crystal sensor, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of this application.

In some embodiments, sensor assembly 50 may also include pressure sensor 54 . As mentioned above, the battery includes a plurality of battery cells 11 arranged in sequence. In this embodiment, the pressure sensor 54 can be disposed on the side of the battery core 11 facing the adjacent battery core 11 . When thermal runaway occurs inside the battery core 11, the internal temperature of the battery core 11 increases, causing the battery core 11 to expand. The distance between the expanded battery core 11 and the adjacent battery core 11 decreases, and the pressure sensor is squeezed. 54. At this time, the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 54 will change. It can be understood that, within a certain range, the higher the internal temperature of the battery core 11, the greater the expansion of the battery core 11, and the greater the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 54. The controller 60 can determine whether the battery core 11 has thermal runaway based on the obtained pressure value, and can also set a pressure warning point for thermal runaway of the battery core 11 . In practical applications, when the pressure value obtained by the pressure sensor 54 reaches a preset pressure warning point, the vehicle-mounted control unit can determine that thermal runaway has occurred in the battery core 11, thereby warning the user.

It should be noted that in actual application, the vehicle control unit can detect signal characteristics of any one or more of the ultrasonic sensor 51, temperature sensor 52, voltage sensor 53 and pressure sensor 54 when it reaches the corresponding early warning point. That is, a warning is given to the user.

Based on the same inventive idea and combined with Figures 2 and 3, embodiments of the present application can also provide a testing method for a battery thermal runaway testing system. The battery can include multiple cells 11, and the testing system can be used to test a single cell 11. Perform thermal runaway testing. The battery thermal runaway test system may include a heating device 20 and a power supply 40. The heating device 20 may be disposed inside the battery core 11 and connected to the power supply 40 through the wire 30, so that the power supply 40 can input current to the heating device 20 through the wire 30, so that The heating device 20 generates heat. When the heating device 20 generates heat inside the battery core 11, the corresponding thermal runaway warning point of the battery core 11 can be determined by acquiring different signal characteristics of the battery core 11.

In some embodiments, the signal characteristic of the battery core 11 may be an ultrasonic signal. Correspondingly, the testing method may specifically include: determining the melting state warning point of the internal separator of the battery core 11 based on the ultrasonic signal of the battery core 11 . When the diaphragm inside the battery core 11 gradually melts, the acquired ultrasonic signal changes, so that the melting state warning point of the diaphragm inside the battery core 11 can be determined based on the ultrasonic signal.

In some embodiments, the signal characteristic of the battery core 11 may also be a temperature signal. Correspondingly, the testing method may specifically include: determining the temperature warning point of the battery core 11 according to the temperature signal of the battery core 11 . When the separator inside the battery core 11 melts, the internal temperature of the battery core 11 rises, causing the temperature on the surface of the battery core 11 to rise. The temperature warning point of the battery core 11 can be determined based on the temperature change of the battery core 11 .

In some embodiments, the signal characteristic of the battery core 11 may also be a voltage signal. Correspondingly, the testing method may specifically include: determining the voltage warning point of the battery core 11 according to the voltage signal of the battery core 11 . When the diaphragm inside the battery core 11 melts, the internal voltage of the battery core 11 changes, and the voltage warning point of the battery core 11 can be determined based on the detected voltage signal of the battery core 11 .

In some embodiments, the signal characteristic of the battery core 11 may also be a pressure signal. Correspondingly, the testing method may specifically include:

According to the pressure signal of the battery core 11, the pressure warning point of the battery core 11 is determined. When the separator inside the battery core 11 melts, the internal temperature of the battery core 11 rises, causing the battery core 11 to expand internally, and the gap between two adjacent battery cores 11 decreases, causing the surface pressure of the battery core 11 to change. , the pressure warning point of the battery core can be determined based on the detected pressure signal.

What needs to be understood is that when the battery is undergoing thermal runaway testing, each battery cell 11 is connected to a set of test systems. By monitoring the signal of each battery cell 11, a thermal runaway safety warning for the battery as a whole is achieved. .

In addition, before using the power supply 40 to energize the heating device 20, the signal characteristics inside the battery core 11 can also be detected in advance, and the signal characteristics at this time can also be used as a reference signal or reference signal to facilitate the battery core safety monitoring chip 61 It is better to determine whether the signal characteristics acquired by the sensor assembly 50 are abnormal and whether the thermal runaway condition is met.

Based on the same technical concept, embodiments of the present application also provide a computing device 1100. The computing device 1100 may be a chip or a system on a chip. Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.

Computing device 1100 may include at least one processor 1110 coupled to a memory, optionally, The memory may be located within the device, the memory may be integrated with the processor, or the memory may be located external to the device. For example, computing device 1100 may also include at least one memory 1120. The memory 1120 stores the necessary computer programs, configuration information, computer programs or instructions and/or data to implement any of the above embodiments; the processor 1110 can execute the computer program stored in the memory 1120 to complete the method in any of the above embodiments.

The computing device 1100 may also include a communication interface 1130, and the computing device 1100 may interact with other devices through the communication interface 1130. For example, the communication interface 1130 may be a transceiver, a circuit, a bus, a module, a pin, or other types of communication interfaces. When the computing device 1100 is a chip-like device or circuit, the communication interface 1130 in the device 1100 can also be an input-output circuit, which can input information (or receive information) and output information (or send information), The processor is an integrated processor, a microprocessor, an integrated circuit, or a logic circuit, and the processor can determine output information based on input information.

The coupling in the embodiment of this application is an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units or modules, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms, and is used for information interaction between devices, units or modules. The processor 1110 may cooperate with the memory 1120 and the communication interface 1130. The specific connection medium between the processor 1110, the memory 1120 and the communication interface 1130 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

Optionally, referring to FIG. 4 , the processor 1110 , the memory 1120 and the communication interface 1130 are connected to each other through a bus 1140 . The bus 1140 may be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of presentation, only one thick line is used in Figure 4, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

In the embodiment of this application, the processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component, which may implement or Execute each method, step and logical block diagram of the application embodiment in the application embodiment. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the methods applied in conjunction with the embodiments of this application can be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.

In the embodiment of the present application, the memory may be a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), etc., or it may be a volatile memory (volatile memory), such as Random-access memory (RAM). Memory is, but is not limited to, any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer. The memory in the embodiment of the present application can also be a circuit or any other device capable of realizing a storage function, used to store program instructions and/or data.

In a possible implementation, the computing device 1100 can be applied to the sending end. The specific computing device 1100 can be the sending end, or can be a device capable of supporting the sending end and realizing the functions of the sending end in any of the above-mentioned embodiments. . The memory 1120 stores the necessary computer programs, computer programs or instructions and/or data to implement the functions of the sending end in any of the above embodiments. The processor 1110 can execute the computer program stored in the memory 1120 to complete the method performed by the sending end in any of the above embodiments. Applied to the sending end, the communication interface in the computing device 1100 can be used to interact with the receiving end, such as sending information to the receiving end.

In another possible implementation, the computing device 1100 can be applied to the receiving end. The specific computing device 1100 can be the receiving end, or can support the receiving end and realize the functions of the receiving end in any of the above-mentioned embodiments. device. The memory 1120 stores the necessary computer programs, computer programs or instructions and/or data to implement the functions of the receiving end in any of the above embodiments. The processor 1110 can execute the computer program stored in the memory 1120 to complete any of the above The method executed by the receiving end in the embodiment. Applied to the receiving end, the communication interface in the computing device 1100 can be used to interact with the sending end, such as receiving information from the sending end.

Since the computing device 1100 provided in this embodiment can be applied to the sending end to complete the method performed by the sending end, or applied to the receiving end to complete the method performed by the receiving end. Therefore, the technical effects that can be obtained can be referred to the above method embodiments, and will not be described again here.

Based on the above embodiments, embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program, which when the computer program is run on a computer, causes the computer to implement the method provided in any of the above embodiments.

Based on the above embodiments, embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a computer, it causes the computer to implement any of the above embodiments. Methods are provided in the examples shown. The storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by the computer. Taking this as an example but not limited to: computer readable media can include RAM, read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), CD- ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures that can be accessed by a computer.

The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application can be implemented in whole or in part through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, an access network device, a terminal device, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another, e.g., the computer instructions may be transferred from a website, computer, server, or data center Transmission to another website, computer, server or data center through wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that contains one or more available media integrated. The available media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disk, hard disk, tape), optical media (eg, digital video disc (digital video disc, DVD)), or semiconductor media, etc.

The test system and test method provided by the embodiments of this application solve the existing test problems by arranging a heating device inside the battery core so that the heating device is energized and heated, and collects signals from the battery core before and during thermal runaway. The test interference problems caused by the method, such as the morphological characteristics of the cell itself and overall temperature rise, provide reliable experimental means for extracting signal features of battery thermal runaway and setting battery safety warning points, thereby improving the accuracy of prediction and increasing the battery's Security and reliability. In addition, the controller can also monitor the entire process of thermal runaway inside the battery at low cost in real time. When the battery is abnormal, it can quickly provide feedback and alarm to protect the user's life safety. Moreover, compared with existing test methods, the test system and test method of the embodiment of the present application also have the advantages of low cost, good real-time performance, simple connection method, and no introduction of additional interference.

The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, and all of them should be covered. within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

A battery thermal runaway testing system is used to conduct thermal runaway testing of battery cells. It is characterized by including a heating device, a power supply, a sensor component and a controller, wherein:

The heating device is arranged inside the battery core and connected to the power supply through wires;

The sensor component is arranged on the surface of the battery core and is used to detect the signal characteristics of the battery core;

The controller is connected to the sensor component and is used to obtain the signal characteristics of the battery core and determine the characteristic early warning point of thermal runaway of the battery core according to the signal characteristics of the battery core.
The battery thermal runaway testing system according to claim 1, wherein the heating device is an electric heating wire.
The battery thermal runaway testing system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sensor component includes an ultrasonic sensor, the ultrasonic sensor includes a signal transmitting end and a plurality of signal receiving ends, the signal transmitting end and the The plurality of signal receiving terminals are arranged on at least two sides of the battery core, and the signal sent by the signal transmitting terminal passes through the interior of the battery core and is received by each of the signal receiving terminals.
The battery thermal runaway testing system according to claim 3, wherein the battery core includes a first side and a second side arranged oppositely, and the signal transmitting end and one of the signal receiving ends are disposed on the On the first side, the other two signal receiving ends are arranged on the second side.
The battery thermal runaway testing system according to claim 4, wherein the signal transmitting end and the signal receiving end provided on the first side are respectively provided close to both ends of the battery core, and are provided on the The two signal receiving ends on the second side are respectively disposed close to both ends of the battery core.
The battery thermal runaway testing system according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the controller is specifically configured to determine the melting state of the internal separator of the battery core based on the ultrasonic signal detected by the ultrasonic sensor. Warning point.
The battery thermal runaway test system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the sensor component includes a temperature sensor, and the controller is specifically configured to determine the temperature signal detected by the temperature sensor. Describe the temperature warning point of the battery core.
The battery thermal runaway testing system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the sensor component includes a voltage sensor, and the controller is specifically configured to determine the voltage signal detected by the voltage sensor. Describe the voltage warning point of the battery cell.
The battery thermal runaway testing system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the sensor component includes a pressure sensor, and the controller is specifically configured to determine the pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor. Describe the pressure warning point of the battery cell.
A testing method for a battery thermal runaway test system. The battery includes a plurality of battery cells. The battery thermal runaway test system includes a heating device and a power supply. The heating device is arranged inside the battery core, and Connected to the power supply through wires; the test method includes:

Obtain the signal characteristics of the battery core;

The characteristic warning point of thermal runaway of the battery core is determined according to the signal characteristics of the battery core.
The testing method according to claim 10, wherein the signal characteristics of the battery core include ultrasonic signals;

The testing method specifically includes: determining the melting state warning point of the internal separator of the battery core based on the ultrasonic signal of the battery core.
The testing method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the signal characteristics of the battery core also include a temperature signal;

The testing method specifically includes: determining the temperature warning point of the battery core according to the temperature signal of the battery core.
The testing method according to any one of claims 10-12, characterized in that the signal characteristics of the battery core also include voltage signals;

The testing method specifically includes: determining the voltage warning point of the battery core according to the voltage signal of the battery core.
The testing method according to any one of claims 10-13, characterized in that the signal characteristics of the battery core also include a pressure signal;

The testing method specifically includes: determining the pressure warning point of the battery core according to the pressure signal of the battery core.
A computing device, characterized by including:

A processor, the processor is coupled to a memory, the memory stores program instructions, and the processor is used to execute the program instructions to implement the method according to any one of claims 10-14.
A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that instructions are stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when the instructions are run on a computer, the computer implements the method described in any one of claims 10-14 Methods.
A computer program, characterized in that it includes instructions that, when the instructions are run on a computer, cause the computer to implement the method according to any one of claims 10-14.