WO2023207341A1 - 电极片和电池 - Google Patents

电极片和电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023207341A1
WO2023207341A1 PCT/CN2023/079932 CN2023079932W WO2023207341A1 WO 2023207341 A1 WO2023207341 A1 WO 2023207341A1 CN 2023079932 W CN2023079932 W CN 2023079932W WO 2023207341 A1 WO2023207341 A1 WO 2023207341A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
current collector
tab
riveting
electrode sheet
metal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/079932
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
闫晓静
蒋欢
易朋
车泽伟
彭宁
曾玉祥
Original Assignee
珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 filed Critical 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023207341A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023207341A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/536—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular, to an electrode sheet and a battery.
  • metal foil such as copper foil, aluminum foil
  • a composite current collector which includes a support layer and a Metal layers (metal layers) on both sides of the support layer.
  • the pole piece may include a pole piece body and a pole tab.
  • the pole piece body includes a current collector and an active material layer.
  • an empty foil area is usually provided on the pole piece body, and the pole tab is welded to the pole piece. on the current collector in the empty foil area.
  • the existence of the support layer increases the difficulty of welding the composite current collector in the tab and the empty foil area.
  • due to the existence of the intermediate support layer it is difficult for the metal layers on the upper and lower sides of the support layer to achieve conduction, and thus the effective electron transfer cannot be completed. output.
  • the present application provides an electrode sheet and a battery.
  • the electrode sheet enables the tabs and the current collector to be riveted through each other through a metal riveting structure. This not only reduces the difficulty of connecting the tabs to the current collector, but also enables the first metal layer on the current collector to be connected to the current collector. conduction of the second metal layer.
  • the current collector includes a first metal layer, a support layer and a second metal layer arranged in a stack.
  • the current collector has a tab portion; the tab is provided on the electrode.
  • the ear portion, the pole ear and the current collector are riveted through at least one metal riveting structure in the thickness direction of the current collector.
  • the current collector has an active layer portion, and in the extending direction of the current collector, the active layer portion is at least distributed on both sides of the tab portion.
  • the metal riveting structure includes a riveting post and a first riveting part and a second riveting part respectively located at both ends of the riveting post; the riveting post penetrates the pole lug and the pole lug part, and the first riveting part abuts on the surface of the pole lug away from the current collector. , the second riveting piece is in contact with the surface of the current collector away from the tab.
  • the metal riveting structure includes a riveting post and a third riveting piece located at one end of the riveting post; the riveting post penetrates the pole tab and the current collector, and the third rivet piece is in contact with the surface of the current collector away from the pole tab.
  • the riveting post penetrates the pole lug and the pole lug part through the respective through holes of the pole lug and the pole lug part; the size of the through hole in the length direction of the current collector is 0.01mm-5mm; and/or the through hole is within the width of the current collector.
  • the size in the direction is 0.01mm-5mm.
  • the number of metal riveting structures is greater than 1, and the distance between any two adjacent metal riveting structures is not less than 0.1 mm.
  • the height of the metal riveted structure is 20 ⁇ m-200 ⁇ m.
  • a protective layer is provided on the electrode sheet.
  • the projection of the protective layer covers the projection of the tab portion.
  • the size of the tab portion in the width direction of the current collector is 8 mm-40 mm; and/or the size of the tab portion in the length direction of the current collector is 2 mm-20 mm.
  • a battery in another aspect of the present application, includes N positive electrode sheets and M negative electrode sheets stacked in sequence.
  • the positive electrode sheets and/or the negative electrode sheets are the above-mentioned electrode sheets, N ⁇ 1, M ⁇ 1.
  • the electrode sheet provided by this application includes a current collector and a tab.
  • the current collector includes a first metal layer, a support layer and a second metal layer arranged in a stack.
  • the current collector has an active layer part and a tab part, and in the extension of the current collector direction, the active layer portion is at least distributed on both sides of the pole tab portion; the pole tab is arranged on the pole tab portion, and the pole tab and the current collector are riveted through at least one metal riveting structure in the thickness direction of the current collector.
  • This riveted structure can not only achieve effective connection between the tab and the composite current collector, but also enable conduction between the first metal layer and the second metal layer located on both sides of the support layer, which is beneficial to the output of electrons.
  • the battery provided by this application includes N positive electrode sheets and M negative electrode sheets stacked in sequence, N ⁇ 1, M ⁇ 1, the positive electrode sheet and/or the negative electrode sheet are the above-mentioned electrode sheets, and the electrode sheet includes a current collector and a tab,
  • the current collector includes a stacked first metal layer, a support layer and a second metal layer.
  • the current collector has an active layer part and a tab part, and in the extending direction of the current collector, the active layer part is distributed at least on both sides of the tab part. side; the pole tab is arranged on the pole tab portion, and the pole tab and the current collector are riveted through the riveting structure in the thickness direction of the current collector.
  • This riveting structure allows the first metal layer and the second metal layer of the current collector to conduct It is conducive to the electrical connection between the pole lug and the external circuit.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of an electrode sheet in an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of a side view of an electrode sheet in an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 3 is a partial enlarged view of a side view of an electrode sheet in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a top view of an electrode sheet in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of a top view of an electrode sheet in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrode sheet provided by the present application includes a current collector and a tab 3.
  • the current collector includes a first metal layer 21, a support layer 1 and a second metal layer 22 that are stacked in sequence.
  • the current collector has The pole tab 7; the pole tab 3 is provided on the pole tab 7, and the pole tab and the current collector are riveted through at least one metal riveting structure 4 in the thickness direction of the current collector.
  • the above-mentioned electrode sheet can be used in a battery, and in this electrode sheet, the current collector has an active layer portion.
  • the active layer portion In the extending direction of the current collector, the active layer portion is at least distributed on both sides of the tab portion 7 .
  • Active layer of current collector part is used to set the active material layer 5; in the extension direction of the current collector, the active layer part is at least distributed on both sides of the tab part, that is, in the extension direction of the current collector, at least two of the active layer part and the tab part 7 side adjacent, where the extension direction of the current collector refers to the length direction of the current collector.
  • the active layer portion is adjacent to both sides of the tab portion 7 in the length direction of the current collector.
  • the active layer portion in the length direction of the current collector, is adjacent to both sides of the tab portion 7 .
  • the active layer portion in the length direction of the current collector, includes non-adjacent elements.
  • the first part and the second part, the tab part 7 is located between the first part and the second part; in other embodiments, in the length direction of the current collector, the active layer part includes a first part, a second part, and The third part, wherein the first part and the third part are located on both sides of the tab part 7 in the direction in which the current collector extends.
  • the tab 3 is provided on the tab portion 7 , that is, the tab 3 is provided on the surface of the tab portion 7 .
  • the current collector of this application is a composite current collector, with metal layers on both sides of the support layer 1.
  • the current collector includes a stacked first metal layer 21, a support layer 1 and a second metal layer 22, that is, the first metal layer 21 and the second metal layer 22.
  • the second metal layers 22 are arranged opposite to each other.
  • the active material layer 5 can only be coated on the surface of the first metal layer 21 or the surface of the second metal layer 22 of the current collector, or it can be coated on the first metal layer 21 and the second surface of the current collector at the same time. metal layer 22 surface.
  • the active material layer 5 can only coat the surface of the first metal layer 21 or the surface of the second metal layer 22 of the active layer portion, or it can also coat the first metal layer 21 and the second surface of the active layer portion at the same time. metal layer 22 surface.
  • the material of the support layer 1 includes organic polymer materials such as polyethylene terephthalate
  • the material of the first metal layer 21 includes copper or aluminum
  • the material of the second metal layer 22 includes Copper or aluminum
  • the first metal layer 21 and the second metal layer 22 are made of the same material.
  • the composite current collector formed of the above materials can improve the safety performance of the electrode sheet.
  • the thickness of the support layer 1 ranges from 2 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the first metal layer 21 and the second metal layer 22 may be the same or different, preferably different. The thickness of the first metal layer or the second metal layer may be different. The thickness range is 0.5 ⁇ m-5 ⁇ m.
  • the electrode sheet may be a negative electrode sheet or a positive electrode sheet, and the materials of the tab 3, the current collector, and each active material layer may be determined based on the specific electrical properties of the electrode sheet.
  • the first metal layer 21 and the second metal layer 22 of the current collector are aluminum
  • the material of the active material layer 5 is a ternary material or a positive active material such as lithium iron phosphate
  • the tab 3 The material is aluminum; when the electrode When the sheet is a negative electrode sheet, the first metal layer 21 and the second metal layer 22 of the current collector are made of copper, the material of the active material layer 5 is graphite, silicon-based and other negative electrode active materials, and the material of the tab 3 is nickel.
  • the tabs may be hard tabs.
  • the X direction in Figures 1, 4 and 5 is the length direction of the current collector and is also the length direction of the electrode sheet;
  • the Y direction in Figures 4 and 5 is the width direction of the current collector and is also the width of the electrode sheet.
  • direction, the Z direction in Figure 1, which is the thickness direction of the current collector, is also the thickness direction of the electrode sheet.
  • the size of the tab 3 in the thickness direction of the current collector ranges from 4 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m; the size of the tab in the length direction of the current collector ranges from 2 mm to 60 mm; the size of the tab in the width direction of the current collector The range is 4mm-60mm.
  • the tab 3 and the current collector are riveted through at least one metal riveting structure 4 in the thickness direction of the current collector.
  • the tab 3 is used to electrically connect the electrode sheet to an external circuit.
  • the above-mentioned metal riveting structure 4 penetrates the tab portion 7 and the tab 3 of the current collector in the thickness direction of the current collector, so that the tab 3 and the current collector can be fixed.
  • the metal riveting structure can not only rivet the tab 3 and the current collector, but also can rivet the tab 3 and the current collector. It can also conduct the metal layers on both sides of the current collector.
  • pole tab 3 and the pole tab portion 7 are fixed through the metal riveting structure 4, so that the pole tab 3 and the pole tab portion 7 are connected more stably.
  • the pole tab 3 and the current collector are riveted, the pole tab 3 can be riveted from the side away from the current collector, or the pole tab 3 can be riveted from the side away from the pole tab.
  • the tab 3 and the current collector are riveted through at least one metal riveting structure 4 in the thickness direction of the current collector.
  • the number of metal riveting structures 4 is greater than 1, and there is a spacing between any two adjacent metal riveting structures 4. This spacing can ensure heat dissipation during the riveting process and avoid heat accumulation.
  • the plurality of metal riveting structures 4 are arranged at intervals, and the size of each metal riveting structure can be the same or different, and is preferably the same.
  • the distance L4 between any two adjacent metal riveting structures 4 is not less than 0.1 mm, and the distance L4 between any two adjacent metal riveting structures 4 may be 0.1 mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, etc., this application is not limited here. Furthermore, the distance between any two adjacent metal riveting structures 4 is too close, resulting in poor heat dissipation during the riveting process. When the distance between any two adjacent metal riveting structures 4 is too large, the effective riveting area between the pole tab 3 and the current collector is small, and the riveting strength is low.
  • multiple metal riveting structures 4 can be arranged in a matrix, that is, multiple metal riveting structures 4 can be arranged in a matrix.
  • the riveting structure 4 can be arranged in a matrix with multiple rows and columns.
  • the number of rows in the matrix can be 2 rows, 3 rows, 4 rows, 5 rows, or 10 rows, etc. This application does not impose a limit on this.
  • the number of columns in the matrix can be 2 rows, 3 rows, 4 rows, 5 rows, or 10 rows, etc., and this application does not limit this. For example, as shown in FIG.
  • multiple metal riveting structures 4 can be arranged into a matrix with 4 rows and 2 columns. Usually, each metal riveting structure 4 is evenly distributed, making the riveting more uniform. In some embodiments, a plurality of metal riveting structures 4 are arranged at intervals along the length direction and width direction of the current collector.
  • the distance W1 between the metal riveted structure 4 closest to the tab side and the tab 3 side in the length direction of the current collector ranges from 0.2mm to 3mm, such as 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm,
  • the range consists of 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm or any two of them; the distance between the metal riveted structure 4 closest to the other side of the pole lug and the other side of the pole lug 3 is within the set
  • the size L1 of the fluid in the width direction ranges from 0.2mm to 3mm, such as 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm or any of them The range composed of both.
  • the distance between any two adjacent metal riveting structures 4 in the length direction of the current collector is W4, and the distance between any two adjacent metal riveting structures 4 in the width direction of the current collector is W4.
  • the distance is L4.
  • the distance W4 between any two adjacent metal riveted structures 4 in the length direction of the current collector is not less than 0.1mm, and can be 0.1mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, etc., in this implementation There is no restriction on this.
  • the distance L4 between any two adjacent metal riveted structures 4 in the width direction of the current collector is not less than 0.1mm, and can be, for example, 0.1mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, etc. This embodiment does not limit this .
  • the tab 3 and the tab portion 7 are stacked. Furthermore, the projection of the tab portion 7 in the thickness direction of the current collector and the projection of the tab 3 in the thickness direction of the current collector have an overlapping area. Domain, the size range of the overlapping area in the length direction of the current collector is 2mm-20mm, such as 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 14mm, 15mm, 16mm , 17mm, 18mm, 19mm, 20mm or any two of them.
  • the size range of the overlapping area in the width direction of the current collector is 6mm-40mm, such as 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 12mm, 15mm, 20mm, 22mm, 25mm, 28mm, 30mm, 32mm, 35mm, 38mm, 40mm or the range of any two of them.
  • metal riveted structures can be solid structures or hollow structures.
  • the metal riveted structure 4 is a hollow structure.
  • the metal riveting structure 4 includes a riveting post 42 and a first riveting part 411 and a second riveting part 412 respectively located at both ends of the riveting post; the riveting post 42 penetrates the pole lug 3 and the pole lug. Part 7 , the first riveting component 411 is in contact with the surface of the pole tab 3 away from the current collector, and the second rivet component 412 is in contact with the surface of the current collector away from the pole tab 3 .
  • the metal riveting structure 4 includes a riveting post 42 and a third riveting piece 413 located at one end of the riveting post 42 .
  • the riveting post 42 penetrates the pole lug and the pole lug portion 7 .
  • the member 413 is in contact with the surface of the current collector away from the tab.
  • the pole tabs 3 and the pole tab portions are arranged sequentially along the extending direction of the riveting post 42 and are respectively penetrated on the riveting post 42 .
  • the first riveting member serves as a limiting member to fix the pole tab 3 on the riveted post 42 .
  • the second riveting part and the third riveting part are used as limiting parts to fix the pole tab part on the riveting post 42 to prevent the pole tab part from falling off, especially when there are both the first riveting part and the
  • the second riveting component can further ensure the effectiveness of riveting.
  • the riveting post 42 penetrates the pole tab 3 and the pole tab portion through the respective through holes 43 of the pole tab 3 and the pole tab portion; the size of the through hole in the length direction of the current collector is 0.01mm-5mm; the through hole The size in the width direction of the current collector is 0.01mm-5mm.
  • the penetration of the riveting post 42 is achieved through the respective through holes 43 of the pole lug 3 and the pole lug portion, that is, by inserting the riveting post 42 into the through hole 43 .
  • This application does not limit the shape of the through hole.
  • the shape of the through hole 43 on the surface of the pole lug and the pole lug portion can be rectangular or circular. That is to say, the through hole 43 can be observed on both end surfaces of the riveting post. , the observed shape of the through hole 43 may be circular or rectangular.
  • the through holes 43 are formed along the length and width of the current collector.
  • the directions are arranged in sequence.
  • the size of the through hole 43 in the length direction of the current collector is W3
  • the size of the through hole 43 in the width direction of the current collector is L3
  • the size of the through hole 43 in the length direction of the current collector is within the range of W3.
  • 0.01mm-5mm such as 0.01mm, 0.02mm, 0.03mm, 0.04mm, 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.08mm, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8
  • the range consisting of mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm or any two of them is not limited in this application.
  • the size L3 of the through hole 43 in the width direction of the current collector ranges from 0.01mm to 5mm, such as 0.01mm, 0.02mm, 0.03mm, 0.04mm, 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.08mm, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm , 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm or any two of them, this application is not limited here.
  • the diameter of the through hole 43 is 0.01mm-5mm, such as 0.01mm, 0.02mm, 0.03mm, 0.04mm, 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.08mm, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm or any two of them, this Applications are not limited here.
  • the length and width of the rectangle may be the same or different, and are preferably the same, that is, a square.
  • the length range of the rectangle is 0.01mm-5mm
  • the width range is 0.01mm-5mm, such as 0.01mm, 0.02mm, 0.03mm, 0.04mm, 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.08mm, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm,
  • the range consisting of 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm or any two of them is not limited in this application.
  • the first riveting part 411 surrounds the through hole 43; that is, the first riveting part 411 is perpendicular to one end of the riveting post 42 and extends away from the through hole 43 to ensure the stability of the metal riveting structure.
  • the second riveting part 412 surrounds the through hole; that is, the second riveting part 412 is perpendicular to the other end of the riveting post 43 and extends in a direction away from the through hole to achieve the first metal layer on the current collector. and the conduction of the second metal layer.
  • the sizes of the first riveting part, the second riveting part and the third riveting part are determined according to the shape and size of the corresponding through holes 43 .
  • the through hole 43 observed
  • the shape is square, and in the direction away from the through hole, the maximum dimension from the edge of the through hole to the edge of the rivet is smaller than the size of the through hole.
  • the size W2 of the first riveting part 411 in the length direction of the current collector is 40%-60% of the size W3 of the through hole 43 in the length direction of the current collector;
  • the dimension L2 of a riveted part in the width direction of the current collector is 40%-60% of the dimension L3 of the through hole 43 in the length direction of the current collector.
  • the third riveting member 413 is perpendicular to the other end of the riveting post and extends in a direction away from the through hole 43 to achieve conduction between the first metal layer and the second metal layer on the current collector.
  • the sum of the thicknesses of the pole lug 3 and the pole lug portion 7 is equal to the thickness of the riveting post 42.
  • the thickness of the metal riveting structure 4 is the sum of the thicknesses of the riveting posts 42 and the third riveting part 413; therefore, the thickness of the metal riveting structure 4 is generally greater than the pole lug 3 and the thickness of the current collector.
  • the height of the metal riveting structure 4 refers to the size of the metal riveting structure 4 in the thickness direction of the current collector.
  • the height of the metal riveted structure 4 is 20 ⁇ m-200 ⁇ m, such as 20 ⁇ m, 25 ⁇ m, 30 ⁇ m, 35 ⁇ m, 40 ⁇ m, 45 ⁇ m, 50 ⁇ m, 55 ⁇ m, 60 ⁇ m, 70 ⁇ m, 80 ⁇ m, 90 ⁇ m, 100 ⁇ m, 120 ⁇ m, 150 ⁇ m, 180 ⁇ m, 200 ⁇ m or any two thereof.
  • a protective layer is also provided on the electrode sheet, which protects the tab 3 and the metal riveting structure 4.
  • the protective layer includes a first protective layer arranged oppositely. layer 61 and a second protective layer 62.
  • the first protective layer 61 is located on the side of the tab away from the current collector, and the first protective layer 61 can completely cover the tab 3 .
  • the protective layer can prevent burrs on the metal riveting structure and tabs from penetrating the separator adjacent to the metal riveting structure in the battery.
  • the material of the protective layer is an insulating material, for example, the protective layer may be formed using tab glue.
  • the size of the protective layer in the length direction of the current collector is larger than the size of the tab 3 in the length direction of the current collector.
  • the projection of the protective layer covers the tab 7 projection
  • the size of the protective layer in the thickness direction of the current collector is 0.01mm-2mm, such as 0.01mm, 0.02mm, 0.03mm, 0.04mm, 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.07mm, 0.08mm, 0.09mm, 0.1mm , 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.8mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 1.8mm, 2mm or any two of them, the protective layer is in the current collection
  • the size in the length direction of the body is larger than the size of the tab part 7, that is, the protective layer covers part of the active layer part.
  • the first protective layer 61 covers part of the active material layer 5, which covers part of the active layer.
  • the size range of the area of the material layer is 0.1mm-5mm, which is not limited in this application.
  • the sizes of the first protective layer 61 and the second protective layer 62 may be the same or different.
  • the size of the tab portion 7 in the width direction of the current collector is 8mm-40mm, such as 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 12mm, 15mm, 20mm, 22mm, 25mm, 28mm, 30mm, 32mm, 35mm, 38mm, The range of 40mm or any two of them is not limited in this application; the size of the pole ear portion 7 in the length direction of the current collector is 6mm-20mm, such as 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 15mm, 18mm, 20mm or any two of them.
  • cleaning, scraping, foaming and other processes are usually used to remove the corresponding part of the active material layer to expose the current collector to form the tab portion 7, and the tab portion 7 is provided with the tab .
  • the cleaning method can be laser cleaning, mechanical cleaning or foam cleaning, etc. This application does not limit the cleaning method.
  • the present application provides a battery.
  • the battery includes N positive electrode sheets and M negative electrode sheets that are stacked in sequence.
  • the positive electrode sheets and/or the negative electrode sheets are the aforementioned electrode sheets, N ⁇ 1, M ⁇ 1.
  • a separator is provided between each adjacent two positive electrode sheets and negative electrode sheets.
  • the separator is used to prevent the electrode sheets with opposite polarities from contacting and causing a short circuit in the battery.
  • Batteries can be rolled or stacked.
  • the positive electrode sheet, the separator, and the negative electrode sheet in a stacked state are rolled up to be built in the case in the rolled battery, and the positive electrode sheet, the separator, and the negative electrode each cut into a predetermined size are stacked in the stacked battery. piece.
  • the battery provided by this application includes the above-mentioned electrode sheet.
  • the electrode sheet can be a positive electrode sheet or a negative electrode sheet.
  • the above-mentioned electrode sheet can not only achieve a fixed connection between the tab and the current collector, but also conduct the first connection of the current collector.
  • the metal layer and the second metal layer are conducive to the electrical connection between the tab and the external circuit, effectively ensuring the output of current in the battery, and improving the safety performance and charge and discharge performance of the battery.
  • the battery provided by this application uses the above-mentioned electrode sheet.
  • the above-mentioned electrode sheet has a metal riveted structure.
  • the metal riveted structure can not only realize the fixed connection between the tab and the current collector, but also conduct the current collector.
  • the first metal layer and the second metal layer are conducive to the electrical connection between the tab and the external circuit, effectively ensuring the output of current in the battery, and improving the safety performance and charge and discharge performance of the battery.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

本申请提供一种电极片和电池，该电极片包括集流体和极耳，所述集流体包括层叠设置的第一金属层、支撑层以及第二金属层，所述集流体具有极耳部；所述极耳设置在所述极耳部，所述极耳与所述集流体通过至少一个金属铆接结构在所述集流体的厚度方向上贯穿铆接。通过金属铆接结构不仅能够实现极耳与集流体的连接，还能实现集流体上、下两侧的金属层的导通。

Description

电极片和电池
本申请要求于2022年04月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为202221023332.8、申请名称为“电极片和电池”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，尤其涉及一种电极片和电池。
背景技术
为了改善电芯的穿钉性能和抗冲击性能，锂电池行业中的技术人员开始尝试将集流体由金属箔(如铜箔、铝箔)转化为复合集流体，该复合集流体包括支撑层以及位于支撑层上、下两侧的金属层(金属层)。
相关技术中，极片可以包括极片主体和极耳，极片主体包括集流体和活性物质层，为了提高电芯的充电速率，通常在极片主体上设置空箔区，将极耳焊接在空箔区中的集流体上。但是支撑层的存在增加了极耳与空箔区中的复合集流体的焊接难度，同时由于中间支撑层的存在，支撑层上、下两侧金属层难以实现导通，进而无法完成电子的有效输出。
发明内容
本申请提供一种电极片和电池，该电极片使极耳与集流体通过金属铆接结构实现贯穿铆接，不仅能够降低极耳与集流体的连接难度，还能实现集流体上第一金属层和第二金属层的导通。
本申请的一方面，提供一种电极片，包括集流体和极耳，集流体包括层叠设置的第一金属层、支撑层以及第二金属层，集流体具有极耳部；极耳设置在极耳部，极耳与集流体通过至少一个金属铆接结构在集流体的厚度方向上贯穿铆接。
进一步地，集流体具有活性层部，在集流体的延伸方向上，活性层部至少分布在极耳部的两侧。
进一步地，金属铆接结构包括铆接柱和分别位于铆接柱两端的第一铆接件和第二铆接件；铆接柱贯穿极耳和极耳部，第一铆接件抵接在极耳背离集流体的表面，第二铆接件抵接在集流体远离极耳的表面。
进一步地，金属铆接结构包括铆接柱和位于铆接柱一端的第三铆接件；铆接柱贯穿极耳和集流体，第三铆接件抵接在集流体远离极耳的表面。
进一步地，铆接柱通过极耳和极耳部各自的贯穿孔贯穿极耳和极耳部；贯穿孔在集流体长度方向上的尺寸为0.01mm-5mm；和/或，贯穿孔在集流体宽度方向上的尺寸为0.01mm-5mm。
进一步地，金属铆接结构的数量大于1，任意相邻的两个金属铆接结构的距离为不小于0.1mm。
进一步地，金属铆接结构的高度为20μm-200μm。
进一步地，电极片上还设有保护层。
进一步地，在集流体的厚度方向上，保护层的投影覆盖极耳部的投影。
进一步地，极耳部在集流体的宽度方向的的尺寸为8mm-40mm；和/或，极耳部在集流体的长度方向的尺寸为2mm-20mm。
本申请的另一方面，提供一种电池，电池包括依次层叠设置的N个正极片和M个负极片，正极片和/或负极片为上述的电极片，N≥1，M≥1。
本申请的实施，至少具有以下有益效果：
本申请提供的电极片，包括集流体和极耳，集流体包括层叠设置的第一金属层、支撑层以及第二金属层，集流体具有活性层部和极耳部，且在集流体的延伸方向上，活性层部至少分布在极耳部的两侧；极耳设置在极耳部，通过至少一个金属铆接结构将极耳与集流体在集流体的厚度方向上贯穿铆接。采用这种铆接结构不仅能够实现极耳与复合集流体的有效连接，还能够使位于支撑层两侧的第一金属层和第二金属层实现导通，有利于电子的输出。
本申请提供的电池，包括依次层叠设置的N个正极片和M个负极片，N≥1，M≥1，正极片和/或负极片为上述电极片，电极片包括集流体和极耳，集流体包括层叠设置的第一金属层、支撑层以及第二金属层，集流体具有活性层部和极耳部，且在集流体的延伸方向上，活性层部至少分布在极耳部的两侧；极耳设置在极耳部，极耳与集流体通过铆接结构在集流体的厚度方向上贯穿铆接，采用这种铆接结构使得集流体的第一金属层和第二金属层导 通，有利于极耳与外部电路进行电性连接。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一实施方式中的电极片的侧视图；
图2为本申请一实施方式中的电极片的侧视图的局部放大图；
图3为本申请一实施方式中的电极片的侧视图的局部放大图；
图4为本申请一实施方式中的电极片的俯视图；
图5为本申请一实施方式中的电极片上俯视图的局部放大图；
附图标记说明：
1-支撑层；21-第一金属层；22-第二金属层；3-极耳；4-铆接结构；411-
第一铆接件；412-第二铆接件；413-第三铆接件；42-铆接柱；43-贯穿孔；5-活性物质层；61-第一保护层；62-第二保护层；7-极耳部。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
如图1至图5所示，本申请提供的电极片，包括集流体和极耳3，集流体包括依次层叠设置的第一金属层21、支撑层1以及第二金属层22，集流体具有极耳部7；极耳3设置在极耳部7，极耳与集流体通过至少一个金属铆接结构4在集流体的厚度方向上贯穿铆接。
上述电极片可以用于电池中，该电极片中，集流体具有活性层部。在集流体的延伸方向上，活性层部至少分布在极耳部7的两侧。集流体的活性层 部用于设置活性物质层5；在集流体的延伸方向上，活性层部至少分布在极耳部的两侧，即在集流体的延伸方向上，活性层部与极耳部7的至少两侧邻接，其中集流体的延伸方向是指集流体的长度方向。在一些优选实施例中，在集流体的长度方向上，活性层部与极耳部7的两侧邻接。
在上述实施例中，在集流体的长度方向上，活性层部与极耳部7的两侧邻接，在一些实施例中，在集流体的长度方向上，活性层部包含互不相邻的第一部分和第二部分，极耳部7位于第一部分和第二部分之间；在另一些实施例中，在集流体的长度方向上，活性层部包含依次连接的第一部分、第二部分、第三部分，其中，第一部分和第三部分位于极耳部7在集流体延伸方向上的两侧。
在上述实施例中，在极耳部7设置极耳3，即在极耳部7的表面设置极耳3。
本申请的集流体是复合集流体，支撑层1的两侧是金属层，该集流体包括层叠设置的第一金属层21、支撑层1以及第二金属层22，即第一金属层21和第二金属层22相对设置。一般情况下，电极片中，活性物质层5可以仅涂覆集流体的第一金属层21表面或第二金属层22表面，也可以同时涂覆在集流体的第一金属层21和第二金属层22表面。在具体应用过程中，活性物质层5可以仅涂覆活性层部的第一金属层21表面或第二金属层22表面，也可以同时涂覆在活性层部的第一金属层21和第二金属层22表面。
上述电极片中，示例性地，支撑层1的材料包括聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯等有机高分子材料，第一金属层21的材料包括铜或铝，第二金属层22的材料包括铜或铝，第一金属层21和第二金属层22的材质相同，上述材料形成的复合集流体能提高电极片的安全性能。
在一些实施例中，支撑层1的厚度范围为2μm-15μm，第一金属层21和第二金属层22的厚度可以相同，也可以不同，优选为不同，第一金属层或第二金属层的厚度范围为0.5μm-5μm。
电极片可以是负极片或正极片，极耳3、集流体以及各个活性物质层的材料具体可以根据电极片的电性具体选择而确定。例如，当电极片为正极片时，集流体的第一金属层21和第二金属层22为铝、活性物质层5的材料为三元材料或磷酸铁锂等正极活性材料，极耳3的材质为铝；当电极 片为负极片时，集流体的第一金属层21和第二金属层22为铜、活性物质层5的材料为石墨、硅基等负极活性材料，极耳3的材质为镍。在一些实施例中，极耳可以是硬极耳。
需要说明的是，图1、4、5中的X方向，即集流体长度方向，也是电极片的长度方向；图4、5中的Y方向，即集流体的宽度方向，也是电极片的宽度方向，图1中的Z方向，即集流体厚度方向，也是电极片的厚度方向。
一般情况下，极耳3在集流体的厚度方向上的尺寸范围为4μm-30μm；极耳在集流体的长度方向上的尺寸范围为2mm-60mm；极耳在集流体的宽度方向上的尺寸范围为4mm-60mm。
极耳3与集流体通过至少一个金属铆接结构4在集流体的厚度方向上贯穿铆接，极耳3用于将电极片与外部电路进行电性连接。
上述金属铆接结构4在集流体的厚度方向上贯穿集流体的极耳部7和极耳3，能够使得极耳3和集流体被固定，该金属铆接结构不仅能够铆接极耳3和集流体，还能够导通集流体两侧的金属层。
通过金属铆接结构4固定极耳3和极耳部7，使极耳3和极耳部7连接的更加稳定。在对极耳3和集流体进行铆接时，可以从极耳3远离集流体的一侧进行铆接，也可以从集流体远离极耳的一侧进行铆接。
在一些实施例中，极耳3与集流体通过至少一个金属铆接结构4在集流体的厚度方向上贯穿铆接。在一些优选实施例中，金属铆接结构4的数量大于1，任意相邻的两个金属铆接结构4之间具有间距，该间距能保证铆接过程中的散热，避免热量堆积。当金属铆接结构4的数量为多个时，多个金属铆接结构4间隔排布，每个金属铆接结构的尺寸可以相同，也可以不同，优选为相同。
如图5所示，在一些实施例中，任意相邻的两个金属铆接结构4之间的距离L4不小于0.1mm，任意相邻的两个金属铆接结构4之间的距离L4可以是0.1mm、0.2mm、0.3mm、0.4mm、0.5mm、0.6mm、0.7mm、0.8mm、0.9mm、1mm、2mm、3mm等，本申请在此不作限定。进一步地，任意相邻的两个金属铆接结构4之间距离过近，铆接过程中散热较差。当任意相邻的两个金属铆接结构4之间距离过大，极耳3与集流体之间的有效铆接面积较小，铆接强度较低。
具体地，从极耳3远离集流体的一侧的面上，或者在集流体远离极耳3的一侧面上可以观测到，多个金属铆接结构4可以排布成一个矩阵，即多个金属铆接结构4可以排布呈多行多列的矩阵。矩阵中的行数可以为2行、3行、4行、5行或10行等，本申请对此不做限制。矩阵中的列数可以为2行、3行、4行、5行或10行等，本申请对此不做限制。例如图5所示，多个金属铆接结构4可以排布成行数为4行，列数为2行的矩阵。通常各个金属铆接结构4均匀分布，使得铆接更加均匀。在一些实施例中，多个金属铆接结构4沿着集流体的长度方向和宽度方向间隔排布。
如图5所示，从极耳3远离集流体的一侧的面上，或者在集流体远离极耳3的一侧面上可以观测到，多个金属铆接结构4排布成一个矩阵，为了使金属铆接结构不超过极耳3的边缘，矩阵中的最接近极耳3一侧的金属铆接结构4与极耳3一侧之间预留一段距离，最接近极耳一侧的金属铆接结构4与极耳3一侧的距离在集流体的长度方向上的尺寸为W1，最接近极耳另一侧的金属铆接结构4与极片另一侧的距离在集流体的宽度方向上的尺寸为L1。最接近极耳一侧的金属铆接结构4与极耳3一侧的距离在集流体的长度方向上的尺寸W1的范围为0.2mm-3mm，例如0.2mm、0.3mm、0.4mm、0.5mm、0.6mm、0.7mm、0.8mm、0.9mm、1mm、2mm、3mm或其中的任意两者组成的范围；最接近极耳另一侧的金属铆接结构4与极耳3另一侧的距离在集流体的宽度方向上的尺寸L1的范围为0.2mm-3mm，例如0.2mm、0.3mm、0.4mm、0.5mm、0.6mm、0.7mm、0.8mm、0.9mm、1mm、2mm、3mm或其中的任意两者组成的范围。
如图5所示，在一些实施例中，任意相邻的两个金属铆接结构4在集流体的长度方向的距离为W4，任意相邻的两个金属铆接结构4在集流体的宽度方向的距离为L4。例如，任意相邻的两个金属铆接结构4在集流体的长度方向的距离W4不小于0.1mm，例如可以为0.1mm、0.5mm、1mm、1.5mm、2mm、2.5mm、3mm等，本实施例对此不做限制。任意相邻的两个金属铆接结构4在集流体宽度方向的距离L4不小于0.1mm，例如可以为0.1mm、1mm、1.5mm、2mm、2.5mm、3mm等，本实施例对此不做限制。
本申请中，极耳3与极耳部7层叠设置，进一步地，极耳部7在集流体的厚度方向上的投影与极耳3在集流体的厚度方向上的投影内有重叠区 域，该重叠区域在集流体的长度方向上的尺寸范围为2mm-20mm，例如2mm、3mm、4mm、5mm、6mm、7mm、8mm、9mm、10mm、11mm、12mm、13mm、14mm、15mm、16mm、17mm、18mm、19mm、20mm或其中的任意两者的范围。该重叠区域在集流体的宽度方向上的尺寸范围为6mm-40mm，例如6mm、7mm、8mm、9mm、10mm、12mm、15mm、20mm、22mm、25mm、28mm、30mm、32mm、35mm、38mm、40mm或其中的任意两者的范围。
一般情况下，金属铆接结构可以是实心结构，也可以是空心结构。在本申请的具体实施过程中，金属铆接结构4是空心结构。
在一种实施例中，如图2所示，金属铆接结构4包括铆接柱42和分别位于铆接柱两端的第一铆接件411和第二铆接件412；铆接柱42贯穿极耳3和极耳部7，第一铆接件411抵接在极耳3背离集流体的表面，第二铆接件412抵接在集流体远离极耳3的表面。
在另一种实施例中，如图3所示，金属铆接结构4包括铆接柱42和位于铆接柱42一端的第三铆接件413，铆接柱42贯穿极耳和极耳部7，第三铆接件413抵接在集流体远离极耳的表面。
在以上实施例中，极耳3和极耳部沿着铆接柱42的延伸方向上依次排布且分别穿设在铆接柱42上，第一铆接件作为限位件将极耳3固定在铆接柱42上以避免极耳的脱落，第二铆接件、第三铆接件作为限位件将极耳部固定在铆接柱42上以避免极耳部的脱落，尤其当同时具有第一铆接件和第二铆接件时，能够进一步确保铆接的有效性。
在一些实施例中，铆接柱42通过极耳3和极耳部各自的贯穿孔43贯穿于极耳3和极耳部；贯穿孔在集流体长度方向上的尺寸为0.01mm-5mm；贯穿孔在集流体宽度方向上的尺寸为0.01mm-5mm。
在上述实施例中，通过极耳3和极耳部各自的贯穿孔43实现铆接柱42的穿设，即通过将铆接柱42插入该贯穿孔43从而实现。本申请不限定贯穿孔的形状，一般的，其在极耳和极耳部表面的形状可以是矩形或圆形，也就是说，在铆接柱的两个端面上均能够观察到贯穿孔43的，所观察到的贯穿孔43的形状可以是圆形，也可以是矩形。
如图5所示，在一些实施例中，贯穿孔43沿着集流体的长度方向和宽度 方向依次排布，此时，贯穿孔43在集流体长度方向上的尺寸为W3，贯穿孔43在集流体宽度方向上的尺寸为L3，贯穿孔43在集流体长度方向上的尺寸W3的范围为0.01mm-5mm，例如0.01mm、0.02mm、0.03mm、0.04mm、0.05mm、0.06mm、0.08mm、0.1mm、0.2mm、0.3mm、0.4mm、0.5mm、0.6mm、0.7mm、0.8mm、0.9mm、1mm、2mm、3mm、4mm、5mm或其中的任意两者组成的范围，本申请在此不作限定。贯穿孔43在集流体宽度方向上的尺寸L3的范围为0.01mm-5mm，例如0.01mm、0.02mm、0.03mm、0.04mm、0.05mm、0.06mm、0.08mm、0.1mm、0.2mm、0.3mm、0.4mm、0.5mm、0.6mm、0.7mm、0.8mm、0.9mm、1mm、2mm、3mm、4mm、5mm或其中的任意两者组成的范围，本申请在此不作限定。
当贯穿孔43在集流体的厚度方向上的投影的形状是圆形时，贯穿孔43的直径为0.01mm-5mm，例如0.01mm、0.02mm、0.03mm、0.04mm、0.05mm、0.06mm、0.08mm、0.1mm、0.2mm、0.3mm、0.4mm、0.5mm、0.6mm、0.7mm、0.8mm、0.9mm、1mm、2mm、3mm、4mm、5mm或其中的任意两者组成的范围，本申请在此不作限定。
如图5所示，当贯穿孔43在集流体的厚度方向上的投影的形状是矩形时，该矩形的长度和宽度可以相同或不同，优选为相同，即正方形。该矩形的长度范围为0.01mm-5mm，宽度范围为0.01mm-5mm，例如0.01mm、0.02mm、0.03mm、0.04mm、0.05mm、0.06mm、0.08mm、0.1mm、0.2mm、0.3mm、0.4mm、0.5mm、0.6mm、0.7mm、0.8mm、0.9mm、1mm、2mm、3mm、4mm、5mm或其中的任意两者组成的范围，本申请在此不作限定。
在上述实施例中，第一铆接件411环绕贯穿孔43；也就是说，第一铆接件411与铆接柱42的一端垂直且朝向远离贯穿孔43的方向延伸，以保证金属铆接结构的稳定。
在上述实施例中，第二铆接件412环绕贯穿孔；也就是说，第二铆接件412与铆接柱43的另一端垂直且朝向远离贯穿孔的方向延伸，以实现集流体上第一金属层和第二金属层的导通。
一般根据相对应的贯穿孔43的形状和尺寸确定第一铆接件、第二铆接件、第三铆接件的尺寸。
如图5所示，在极耳3远离集流体一侧的面上，所观察到的贯穿孔43的 形状是正方形，在远离贯穿孔的方向上，贯穿孔的边缘到铆接件的边缘的最大尺寸小于贯穿孔的尺寸。
如图5所示，以第一铆接件411为例，第一铆接件411在集流体长度方向上的尺寸W2是贯穿孔43在集流体长度方向上的尺寸W3的40％-60％；第一铆接件在集流体宽度方向上的尺寸L2是贯穿孔43在集流体长度方向上的尺寸L3的40％-60％。
在上述实施例中，第三铆接件413与铆接柱的另一端垂直且朝向远离贯穿孔43的方向延伸，以实现集流体上第一金属层和第二金属层的导通。
在一些实施例中，极耳3和极耳部7的厚度之和与铆接柱42的厚度相等，如图2所示，金属铆接结构4的厚度是铆接柱42和第一铆接件411、第二铆接件412的厚度之和，或者如图3所示，金属铆接结构4的厚度是铆接柱42和第三铆接件413的厚度之和；因此，金属铆接结构4的厚度一般大于极耳3与集流体的厚度之和。该金属铆接结构4的高度是指金属铆接结构4在集流体的厚度方向上的尺寸。在一些实施例中，金属铆接结构4的高度为20μm-200μm，例如20μm、25μm、30μm、35μm、40μm、45μm、50μm、55μm、60μm、70μm、80μm、90μm、100μm、120μm、150μm、180μm、200μm或其中的任意两者组成的范围。
在一些实施例中，如图1至图4所示，电极片上还设有保护层，该保护层对极耳3和金属铆接结构4起到保护作用，该保护层包括相对设置的第一保护层61和第二保护层62。
在上述实施例中，第一保护层61位于极耳背离集流体的一侧，第一保护层61能完全覆盖极耳3。将上述电极片用于电池时，保护层能够避免金属铆接结构和极耳上的毛刺刺穿电池中与金属铆接结构相邻的隔膜。在上述实施例中，保护层的材质是绝缘材料，例如可以是采用极耳胶形成的保护层。
通常情况下，保护层在集流体的长度方向的尺寸大于极耳3在集流体的长度方向的尺寸，在一些实施例中，在集流体的厚度方向上，保护层的投影覆盖极耳部7的投影，保护层在集流体的厚度方向上的尺寸为0.01mm-2mm，例如0.01mm、0.02mm、0.03mm、0.04mm、0.05mm、0.06mm、0.07mm、0.08mm、0.09mm、0.1mm、0.2mm、0.3mm、0.4mm、0.5mm、0.6mm、0.8mm、1mm、1.5mm、1.8mm、2mm或其中的任意两者组成的范围，保护层在集流 体的长度方向上的尺寸大于极耳部7的尺寸，即保护层覆盖部分活性层部，例如，在集流体的长度方向上，第一保护层61覆盖部分活性物质层5，该覆盖部分活性物质层的区域的尺寸范围为0.1mm-5mm，本申请在此不作限定。第一保护层61和第二保护层62的尺寸可以相同，也可以不同。
在一些实施例中，极耳部7在集流体的宽度方向的尺寸为8mm-40mm，例如8mm、9mm、10mm、12mm、15mm、20mm、22mm、25mm、28mm、30mm、32mm、35mm、38mm、40mm或者其中的任意两者组成的范围，本申请在此不作限定；极耳部7在集流体的长度方向的尺寸为6mm-20mm，例如6mm、7mm、8mm、9mm、10mm、11mm、12mm、15mm、18mm、20mm或者其中的任意两者组成的范围。
进一步地，在集流体的延伸方向上，通常采用清洗、刮片、发泡等工艺将活性物质层的对应部分去除以露出集流体而形成极耳部7，在该极耳部7设置极耳。其中清洗方式可以为激光清洗、机械清洗或者发泡胶清洗等方式，本申请对清洗方式不做限制。
本申请提供一种电池，电池包括依次层叠设置的N个正极片和M个负极片，正极片和/或负极片前述的电极片，N≥1，M≥1。
上述电池中，每相邻两个正极片和负极片之间设置有隔膜，隔膜用于防止极性相反的极片相接触而导致电池短路。
电池可以是卷绕式电池和堆叠式电池。在卷绕式电池中呈堆叠状态的正极片、隔膜和负极片被卷绕以被内置在壳体中，在堆叠式电池中堆叠有每一个都被切割成预定尺寸的正极片、隔膜和负极片。
本申请提供的电池，该电池包括上述电极片，电极片可以是正极片或负极片，上述的电极片中，不仅能实现极耳与集流体的固定连接，还能导通集流体的第一金属层和第二金属层，有利于极耳与外部电路进行电性连接，有效保证电池中电流的输出，能够提高电池的安全性能和充放电性能。
此外，在上述电池中，当采用设有保护层的电极片时，由于保护层的存在，可以避免与极片相邻的隔膜被毛刺刺破后，毛刺直接与极片接触而造成电池短路，以提升电池的安全性。
本申请提供的电池，采用上述电极片，上述电极片具有金属铆接结构，该金属铆接结构不仅能实现极耳与集流体的固定连接，还能导通集流体的 第一金属层和第二金属层，有利于极耳与外部电路进行电性连接，有效保证电池中电流的输出，能够提高电池的安全性能和充放电性能。
这里需要说明的是，本申请实施例涉及的数值和数值范围为近似值，受制造工艺的影响，可能会存在一定范围的误差，这部分误差本领域技术人员可以认为忽略不计。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种电极片，其特征在于，包括集流体和极耳，所述集流体包括层叠设置的第一金属层、支撑层以及第二金属层，所述集流体具有极耳部；
    所述极耳设置在所述极耳部，所述极耳与所述集流体通过至少一个金属铆接结构在所述集流体的厚度方向上贯穿铆接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电极片，其特征在于，所述集流体具有活性层部，在所述集流体的延伸方向上，所述活性层部至少分布在所述极耳部的两侧。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电极片，其特征在于，所述金属铆接结构包括铆接柱和分别位于所述铆接柱两端的第一铆接件和第二铆接件；
    所述铆接柱贯穿所述极耳和所述极耳部，所述第一铆接件抵接在所述极耳背离所述集流体的表面，所述第二铆接件抵接在所述集流体远离所述极耳的表面。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电极片，其特征在于，所述金属铆接结构包括铆接柱和位于所述铆接柱一端的第三铆接件；
    所述铆接柱贯穿所述极耳和所述集流体，所述第三铆接件抵接在所述集流体远离所述极耳的表面。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的电极片，其特征在于，所述铆接柱通过所述极耳和所述极耳部各自的贯穿孔贯穿所述极耳和极耳部；
    所述贯穿孔在所述集流体长度方向上的尺寸为0.01mm-5mm；和/或，
    所述贯穿孔在所述集流体宽度方向上的尺寸为0.01mm-5mm。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的电极片，其特征在于，所述金属铆接结构的数量大于1，任意相邻的两个所述金属铆接结构的距离为不小于0.1mm；和/或，
    所述金属铆接结构的高度为20μm-200μm。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的电极片，其特征在于，所述贯穿孔在位于所述极耳背离所述集流体一侧表面的形状为圆形或者矩形。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的电极片，其特征在于，第一铆接件在集流体长度方向上的尺寸是贯穿孔在集流体长度方向上的尺寸的40％-60％；和 /或，
    第一铆接件在集流体宽度方向上的尺寸是贯穿孔在集流体长度方向上的尺寸L3的40％-60％。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的电极片，其特征在于，所述电极片上还设有保护层。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电极片，其特征在于，在所述集流体的厚度方向上，所述保护层的投影覆盖所述极耳部的投影。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的电极片，其特征在于，所述极耳部在所述集流体的宽度方向的的尺寸为8mm-40mm；和/或，
    所述极耳部在所述集流体的长度方向的尺寸为2mm-20mm。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的电极片，其特征在于，极耳在集流体的厚度方向上的尺寸范围为4μm-30μm；和/或，
    极耳在集流体的长度方向上的尺寸范围为2mm-60mm；和/或，
    极耳在集流体的宽度方向上的尺寸范围为4mm-60mm。
  13. 根据权利要求6所述的电极片，其特征在于，多个所述金属铆接结构间隔排布且排布成多行多列的矩阵。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电极片，其特征在于，最接近极耳一侧的金属铆接结构与极耳一侧的距离在集流体的长度方向上的尺寸范围为0.2mm-3mm。
  15. 一种电池，其特征在于，所述电池包括依次层叠设置的N个正极片和M个负极片，所述正极片和/或负极片为权利要求1-14任一项所述的电极片，N≥1，M≥1。
PCT/CN2023/079932 2022-04-29 2023-03-06 电极片和电池 WO2023207341A1 (zh)

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