WO2023205912A1 - Dust-inhibiting, binding, caking, wetting, biodegradable, long-lasting composition, for reducing suspended dust on dirt roads; method for producing and applying same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a dust-inhibiting, binding, caking, wetting, biodegradable, long-lasting composition, for reducing suspended dust on dirt roads, said composition comprising two components, wherein the component (1) is made up of: 50-70% w/w acrylic polymer, 5-15% w/w ground seaweed extract, 5-15% w/w sodium lignosulphonate, 5-15% w/w liquid ionic surfactant, 2-5% w/w sodium lauryl sulphate, 5-15% w/w calcium chloride; and the component (2) is made up of: 55-75% w/w sodium lignosulphonate, 16-20% w/w cellulose carboxymethyl and 0-20% w/w calcium chloride, wherein said components are mixed in different ratios depending on the type of soil to be treated. The present invention also relates to a production method.

Description

DUST INHIBITING COMPOSITION, BINDER, BINDER, HUMECTANT, BIODEGRADABLE THAT LASTS OVER TIME, TO REDUCE SUSPENDED DUST ON EARTH ROADS; PREPARATION AND APPLICATION PROCEDURE.

DESCRIPTIVE MEMORY

The present invention refers to an inhibitory composition or mixture of dust, binder, binder and humectant that lasts over time, biodegradable and adaptable to each special situation of the roads to be treated, such as rural roads, mining roads, mining operations and properties. agricultural; preparation procedure thereof; and use of said mixture.

The technical problem to solve is the control of suspended dust on dirt roads or roads without asphalt, pavement or other surface coating. Poor control can trigger safety problems, drops in productivity, damage to equipment or machines, tire wear, legal litigation, effects on workers' health, environmental and labor sanctions, among other effects. For industries, especially the mining industry, proper road maintenance is essential.

State of the art

The dust raised on roads is clearly a problem of environmental pollution produced by waste from human activity or industrial or biological processes that must be resolved. The patent application CL201803477 refers to an ecological dust suppressant (does not damage the nearby floor), which uses very little water in its maintenance and is not slippery. The suppressor consists of two products that are mixed in different percentages, depending on the characteristics of the soil and climate, generating a binding, agglomerating and humectant or surfactant effect.

Document CN 107746701 describes a method of preparing a special dust suppressant for the ground surface and belongs to the technical field of ecological materials. The preparation method includes the following steps: mixing and swelling polyvinyl alcohol with water, and heating and stirring to dissolve it to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol solution; mix and swell the chitosan with water and heat and stir to dissolve it to obtain a chitosan solution; mix and swell sodium alginate with water and heat and stir to dissolve it to obtain sodium alginate solution; mix polyvinyl alcohol solution, chitosan solution, sodium alginate solution, a cross-linking agent, chitosanase and algae according to a certain weight ratio and perform ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a dispersion; perform spray drying on the dispersion at low temperature to obtain coated microcapsules; and shaking and mixing the coated microcapsules, isocyanate, water, a surfactant and nano-metal oxide to obtain the special dust suppressant for the soil surface.

Document CN112111248 discloses an anti-virus dust suppressant that fixes dirt, as well as a method of preparation and application thereof. He Dust suppressant is prepared from the following components: 1%-3% carboxymethyl chitosan, 1%-3% polyacrylamide, 2%-4% sodium alginate, 0.25%-4% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 2%-4% carboxymethylcellulose and the rest of water.

US2008017829 relates to a dust suppressant composition comprising an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol, acrylic-based latex, glycerin, silicone-based surfactant and a polysiloxane-based wetting agent. Preferably, the composition comprises from about 10 to about 46% polyvinyl alcohol, from about 20 to about 60% of an acrylic-based latex, from about 0.6 to about 7.0% glycerin, from about 0.1 to about 1.5% silicone, polysiloxane-based surfactant and about 0.001 to about 0.5% polysiloxane-based wetting agent.

The state of the art described above differs from the present application, since none of these documents disclose a dust inhibitor mixture that is at the same time a binder, binder and humectant that lasts over time, biodegradable and adaptable to each special situation. of the roads to be treated, where when joined with soil particles it increases the compaction of the dust into agglomerates, that is, it transforms them into materials that have adhesive properties and that, mixed with water, can form a mixture with other materials and provide cohesion to the whole. through processes of a physical nature, which contain 2 components that are mixed in different proportions depending on the soil to be treated. Furthermore, the same compounds that comprise these components and their concentrations are not disclosed either; Furthermore, a procedure for preparing said dust inhibitor mixture and its use is not disclosed.

Detailed description of the invention

Dust inhibitor, binder, binder and humectant composition that lasts over time, biodegradable and adaptable to each special situation of the roads to be treated, which comprises 2 composite components, component (1) and component (2), where: The component ( 1) is made up of:

Acrylic polymer 50-70% w/w

Ground seaweed extract 5-15% w/w

Sodium lignosulfate 5-15% w/w

Liquid ionic surfactant 5-15%w/w

Sodium lauryl sulfate 2-5% w/w

Calcium chloride 5-15% w/w; and Component (2) is made up of:

Sodium lignosulfonate 55-75% w/w

Carboxymethyl cellulose 16-20% w/w

Calcium chloride 10-20% w/w

Where these components are mixed in different proportions depending on the type of soil to be treated.

Where the ground seaweed extract, of component (1), is preferably cochayuyo.

The dust inhibitor composition comprises 50% of component (1) and 50% of component 2, if the type of soil is very dry and saline with little rainfall.

The dust inhibitor composition comprises 75% of component (1) and 25% of component (2), if the type of soil is with a lot of rain.

The dust inhibitor composition comprises 75% of component (1) and 25% of component (2), if the type of soil is a stabilized soil.

Stabilized soil is defined as a homogeneous and uniform mixture of a soil with a chemical binder such as lime, magnesium chloride, salts and organic compounds, and eventually water, with the aim of reducing its plasticity and susceptibility to water or increasing its resistance, and that conveniently compacted. Furthermore, the dust inhibiting composition comprises 50% of component 1 and 50% of component (2), if the soil type is high in clay.

The dust inhibiting composition, depending on road conditions these products can be mixed in the truck or mixed separately.

A method for preparing the dust inhibitor composition is also disclosed, which comprises preparing components (1) and (2) separately. Prepare the compound (1) with the following steps:

Stage 1: Grind brown seaweed until it reaches the powder state;

Stage 2: Apply 5 g of ground seaweed in 120 ml of water and heat at 100°C for 30 minutes;

Stage 3: Filter and extract the liquid until completing 120 ml, adding water to the filtrate, obtaining the ground algae extract;

The objective of obtaining an algae extract is to highlight the hygroscopic character of the suppressor, with the moisture absorption power of the algae extract. The surfactant effect allows you to improve the exchange of ions with soil particles.

Stage 4: Weigh 100 g of lignosulfonate and dissolve in 120 ml of ground algae extract, obtained in stage 3; The objective is to achieve the compactor effect, that is, the hardening effect of the treated soil.

Stage 5: To the algae extract solution with lignosulfonate, obtained in stage 4, add 600 g of acrylic polymer and mix for 30 minutes;

The objective of adding acrylic polymer is its binding and adhesive effect, and when it dries it exerts an effect of insolubility in water, which allows it to isolate the soil from rain and prevent it from deteriorating.

Stage 6: Add 100 ml of surfactant, such as liquid silicone, and 20 g sodium lauryl sulfate to the mixture obtained in stage 5;

In order for the mixture to have penetration power into the soil at the time of application, it is necessary to enhance this effect with surfactants that improve the contact surface of the dust inhibitor mixture with the soil particles.

Stage 7: To the mixture obtained from stage 6, add 75 grams of calcium chloride salt and mix vigorously for 30-45 minutes;

The addition of this compound aims to highlight the compacting effect of the soil when it is gradually exposed to the environment, exerting a hygroscopic effect on the soil.

Step 8: To the mixture from step 7 add 170 g of CMC (Carboxymethyl Cellulose) and stir for 30 minutes; and separately, prepare component (2) with the following steps: Step 1: Dissolve 200 grams of lignosulfonate powder in 800 ml of water and stir;

The objective of dissolving sodium lignosulfonate in water is to facilitate the preparation of the solution when applying it to tank trucks.

Stage 2: To the solution obtained from the previous stage, add 75 g of calcium chloride;

The objective is to enhance the compacting and hygroscopic effect

Stage 3: Then add 100 grams of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) to the solution obtained in stage 2, and stir for at least 30 minutes.

The main objective of CMC is to generate a hygroscopic effect without reacting with the soil and not generating large changes in the chemical composition of the soil due to its non-aggressive effect on the environment.

Once the compound components (1) and (2) have been obtained separately, mix depending on the soil to be treated.

Furthermore, the use of the dust inhibiting composition is disclosed, which serves to eliminate dust from different paths. Evaluation study of the characteristics and comparisons of different dust suppressants versus the dust inhibitor composition of the present invention.

Tables 1 to 6 present comparisons of separate compounds used in different dust suppressants versus the dust suppressant composition of the present application.

Table 1. Functional characteristics:

Table2. Environment interaction characteristics:

Table 3. Toxicity and corrosivity

Table 4. Resistance Conditions:

Table 5. Operating Conditions

Table 6. Application conditions:

Application examples:

For soil without prior stabilization:

Mixture of 50% component (1) and 50% component (2)

Among the recommended applications, targeted corrective maintenance may have to be carried out in the sectors where the PM10 (10 micrometer Particulate Matter) averages fall outside the expected averages. These sectors are identified with dust measurement and visual inspection equipment.

For previously stabilized soil:

A mixture of 75% component (1) and 25% component (2)

Among the recommended applications, focused maintenance may have to be carried out with a corrective nature in the sectors where the Particulate Material 10 averages fall outside the expected averages. These sectors are identified with dust measurement and visual inspection equipment.

Claims

1. Dust inhibitor, binder, binder, humectant, biodegradable composition that lasts over time, to reduce suspended dust on dirt roads, CHARACTERIZED because it comprises two composite components; component (1) and component (2), where: component (1) is composed of:

• acrylic polymer 50-70% w/w

• ground seaweed extract 5-15% w/w

• sodium lignosulfate 5-15% w/w

• liquid ionic surfactant 5-15% w/w

• sodium lauryl sulfate 2-5% w/w

• calcium chloride 5-15% w/w; and component (2) is composed of: sodium lignosulfonate 55-75% w/w carboxymethyl cellulose 16-20% w/w calcium chloride 10-20% w/w

2. Dust inhibitor, binder, binder, humectant, biodegradable composition that lasts over time, to reduce suspended dust on dirt roads of claim 1, CHARACTERIZED because the ground algae extract of component (1) is cochayuyo.

3. Dust inhibitor composition, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED because the liquid ionic surfactant of component (1) is liquid silicone.

4. Dust inhibitor composition, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED because it comprises 50% w/w of component (1) and 50% w/w of component (2), if the type of soil is very dry and saline with little rain

5. Dust inhibitor composition, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED because it comprises 75% w/w of component (1) and 25% w/w of component (2), if the type of soil is with a lot of rain.

6. Dust inhibitor composition, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED because it comprises 75% w/w of component (1) and 25% w/w of component (2), if the type of soil is a stabilized soil.

7. Dust inhibitor composition, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED because it comprises 50% w/w of component (1) and 50% w/w of component (2), if the type of soil is with a lot of clay.

8. Procedure for preparing the dust inhibitor composition of claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the preparation of components (1) and (2) is carried out separately, where the preparation of component (1) comprises the following steps:

Stage 1: Grind brown seaweed until it reaches the powder state;

Stage 2: Apply 5 g of ground seaweed in 120 ml of water and heat at 100°C for 30 minutes;

Stage 3: Filter and extract the liquid until completing 120 ml, adding water to the filtrate, obtaining the ground algae extract; Stage 4: Weigh 100 g of lignosulfonate and dissolve in 120 ml of ground algae extract, obtained in stage 3;

Stage 5: To the algae extract solution with lignosulfonate, obtained in stage 4, add 600 g of acrylic polymer and mix for 30 minutes;

Stage 6: Add 100 ml of surfactant, such as liquid silicone, and 20 g sodium lauryl sulfate to the mixture obtained in stage 5;

Stage 7: To the mixture obtained from stage 6, add 75 grams of calcium chloride salt and mix vigorously for 30-45 minutes;

Step 8: To the mixture from step 7 add 170 g of CMC (Carboxymethyl Cellulose) and stir for 30 minutes, and; The preparation of component (2) comprises the following stages:

Step 1: Dissolve 200 grams of lignosulfonate powder in 800 ml of water and stir;

Stage 2: To the solution obtained from the previous stage, add 75 g of calcium chloride;

Stage 3: Then add 100 grams of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) to the solution obtained in stage 2, and stir for at least 30 minutes.

Once components (1) and (2) have been obtained separately, mix depending on the soil to be treated.