CA3212771A1 - Dust inhibitor, binder, agglomerant, humectant, biodegradable composition that lasts over time, for decreasing suspended dust on dirt roads; method for preparing said composition and use thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

Dust inhibitor, binder, agglomerant, humectant, biodegradable composition that lasts over time, for decreasing suspended dust on dirt roads comprising 2 components, wherein component (1) consists of: acrylate polymer 50-70% w/w, powdered alga extract 5-15% w/w, sodium lignosulfate 55-15% w/w, ionic liquid surfactant 5-15% w/w, sodium lauryl sulfate 2-5% w/w, and calcium chloride 5-15% w/w; and component (2) consists of:
sodium lignosulfonate 55-75% w/w, carboxymethyl cellulose 16-20% w/w, and calcium chloride 10-20% w/w, wherein said components are mixed in different proportions depending on the type of soil to be treated. A method for preparing it is also disclosed.

Description

DUST INHIBITOR, BINDER, AGGLOMERANT, HUMECTANT, BIODEGRADABLE COMPOSITION THAT LASTS OVER TIME, FOR
DECREASING SUSPENDED DUST ON DIRT ROADS; METHOD FOR
PREPARING SAID COMPOSITION AND USE THEREOF.
DESCRIPTIVE REPORT
The present invention refers to a dust inhibitor, binder, agglomerant, and humectant mixture or composition that lasts over time, is biodegradable and adaptable to each specific situation of roads to be treated, such as rural roads, mining roads, mining sites and agricultural properties; method for preparing said composition and use thereof.
The technical problem to be solved is the control of suspended dust on dirt roads or roads without asphalt, pavement or other surface coating. Poor control can lead to safety problems, productivity losses, damage to equipment or machines, tire wear, legal disputes, effects on workers' health, environmental and labor sanctions, among other effects. For industrial sector, especially the mining industry, the proper maintenance of roads is essential.
Background Dust raised on roads is clearly an environmental pollution problem produced by waste from human activity or industrial/biological processes that needs to be solved.
Patent application CL201803477 refers to an environmentally friendly (does not damage nearby soil) dust suppressant, which maintenance requires Date Recue/Date Received 2023-09-14

2 very little water and is not slippery. The suppressant consists of two products that are mixed in different percentages, depending on the characteristics of the soil and climate, generating a binder, agglomerant and humectant or surfactant effect.
The CN107746701 document describes a method for preparing a dust suppressant special for the soil surface and belongs to the technical field of environmentally friendly materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing and swelling the polyvinyl alcohol with water, and heating and stirring to dissolve it to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol solution; mixing and swelling the chitosan with water, and heating and stirring to dissolve it to obtain a chitosan solution; mixing and swelling the sodium alginate with water and heating and stirring to dissolve it to obtain a sodium alginate solution; mixing the polyvinyl alcohol solution, the chitosan solution, the sodium alginate solution, a cross-linking agent, chitosanase and algae according to a certain weight proportion and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a dispersion; performing spray drying on the dispersion at low temperature to obtain coated microcapsules; and stirring and mixing the coated microcapsules, isocyanate, water, a surfactant and a nano-metal oxide to obtain the special dust suppressant for soil surface.
The CN112111248 document discloses an antiviral dust suppressant that fixes dirt, as well as a method for preparing it and use thereof. The dust suppressant is prepared from the following components: 1%-3% carboxymethyl chitosan, 1%-3% polyacrylamide, 2%-4% sodium alginate, 0.25%-4% sodium dodecylsulfate, 2%-4% carboxymethyl cellulose and the balance water.
Date Recue/Date Received 2023-09-14

3 The US2008017829 document refers to a dust suppressant composition comprising an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol, acrylic-based latex, glycerin, silicone-based surfactant and a polysiloxane-based humectant agent.
Preferably, the composition comprises about 10%-46% of polyvinyl alcohol, about 20%-60%
of an acrylic-based latex, about 0.6%-7.0% glycerin, about 0.1%-1.5% of silicone, polysiloxane-based surfactant, and about 0.001%-0.5% of polysiloxane-based humectant agent.
The state of the art described above differs from the present application, since none of these documents discloses a dust inhibitor mixture that is at the same time binder, agglomerat and humectant agent that lasts over time, biodegradable and adaptable to each specific situation of the roads to be treated, where increases the compaction of the dust in agglomerates by binding with soil particles, that is to say, it transforms them into materials with adhesive properties and that, kneaded with water, can form a mixture with other materials and provide cohesion to the whole by processes of a physical nature, containing 2 components that are mixed in different proportions depending on the soil to be treated. In addition, the same compounds comprising these components and concentrations thereof are also not disclosed; furthermore, a method for preparing said dust inhibitor mixture and its use is also not disclosed.
Date Recue/Date Received 2023-09-14

4 Detailed description of the invention Dust inhibitor, binder, agglomerant and humectant composition that lasts over time, biodegradable and adaptable to each specific situation of the roads to be treated, comprising 2 composite components, component (1) and component (2), wherein:
)=. Component (1) consists of:
= Acrylic polymer 50-70% w/w = Ground algae extract 5-15% w/w . Sodium lignosulfate 5-15% w/w . Ionic liquid surfactant 5-15% w/w = Sodium lauryl sulphate 2-5% w/w = Calcium chloride 5-15% w/w D Component (2) consists of:
. Sodium lignosulfonate 55-75% w/w = Carboxymethyl cellulose 16-20% w/w = Calcium chloride 10-20% w/w Date Recue/Date Received 2023-09-14

5 Where said components are mixed in different proportions depending on the type of soil to be treated.
Wherein the ground algae extract of component (1) is preferably Durvillaea antarctica.
The dust inhibitor composition comprises 50% of component (1) and 50%
of component 2, if the soil type is very dry and saline with little rain.
The dust inhibitor composition comprises 75% of component (1) and 25%
of component (2), if the climate conditions include heavy rainfall.
The dust inhibitor composition comprises 75% of component (1) and 25%
of component (2), if the soil type is a stabilized soil.
Stabilized soil is defined as the homogeneous and uniform mixture of a soil with a chemical conglomerate such as lime, magnesium chloride, salts and organic compounds, and possibly water, with the objective of reducing its plasticity and susceptibility to water or increasing its resistance, and that is conveniently compacted.
The dust inhibitor composition comprises 75% of component (1) and 25%
of component (2), if the soil type is clay-rich.
The dust inhibitor composition, depending on the road conditions, can be mixed in the truck or mixed separately.
It is also disclosed a methot for preparing the dust inhibitor composition, comprising preparing components (1) and (2) separately.
Date Recue/Date Received 2023-09-14

6 ). Prepare component (1) comprising the following steps:
Step 1: Grinding brown algae until it reaches to powder state.
Step 2: Apply 5 g of ground algae in 120 ml of water and heat at 100 C for 30 minutes.
Step 3: Filter and extract the liquid to 120 ml and add water to the filtrate to obtain the ground algae extract.
The objective, to obtain an algae extract, is to enhance the hygroscopic character of the suppressant, with the moisture-absorbing effect of the algae extract.
The surfactant effect allows it to improve ion exchange with soil particles.
Step 4: Disolve 100 g of lignosulfonate in the 120 ml of ground algae extract obtained in step 3.
The objective is to achieve the compactor effect, i.e. the hardening effect of the treated soil.
Step 5: To the solution of algae extract with lignosulfonate, obtained in step 4, add 600 g of acrylic polymer and mix for 30 minutes.
The objective of adding acrylic polymer is its binder and adherent effect, and when it dries, it exerts an insolubility effect in water, which allows it to insulate the soil from rainfull and prevent it from deteriorating.
Step 6: Add 100 ml of surfactant, such as liquid silicone, and 20 g of sodium lauryl sulfate to the mixture obtained in step 5.
Date Recue/Date Received 2023-09-14

7 Since the mixture needs to have a penetrating power in the soil at the time of application, it is necessary to enhance this effect with surfactants that allow improving the contact surface of the dust inhibitor mixture with the soil particles.
Step 7: Add 75 grams of calcium chloride salt to the mixture obtained from step 6 and mix vigorously for 30-45 minutes.
The addition of this compound aims to enhance the compactor effect on the soil when gradually exposed to the environment, exerting a hygroscopic effect on the soil.
Step 8: Add 170 g of CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) to the mixture obtained from step 7 and mix vigorously for 30 minutes.
> Separately, prepare the component (2) comprising the following steps:
Step 1: Dissolve 200 grams of lignosulfonate powder in 800 ml of water and mix.
The objective of dissolving sodium lignosulfonate in water is to facilitate the preparation of the solution at the time of application in tank trucks.
Step 2: Add 75 g of calcium chloride to the solution obtained from the previous step.
The objective is to enhance the compactor and hygroscopic effect.
Step 3: Add 100 g of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) to the solution obtained in step 2, and mix for at least 30 minutes.
Date Recue/Date Received 2023-09-14

8 The main objective of CMC is to generate a hygroscopic effect without reacting with the soil and not to generate major changes in the chemical composition of the soil, due to its non-aggressive effect on the environment.
Once the compound components (1) and (2) are obtained separately, mix them depending on the soil to be treated.
In addition, the use of the dust inhibitor composition, which serves to eliminate dust from different roads, is disclosed.
Date Recue/Date Received 2023-09-14

9 Features evaluation test and comparisons of different dust suppressants versus the dust inhibitor composition of the present invention.
Tables 1 to 6 present separate compound comparisons used in different dust suppressants versus the dust inhibitor composition of the present application.
Table 1. Functional features Types of suppressors Hygroscopic Binders Agglomerants Humectants Salts Yes No Yes Yes Chlorides Yes No Yes Yes Specific natural polymers Yes Yes Yes Yes Synthetic polymers Yes Yes Yes Yes Bituminous No Yes Yes Yes Dust Inhibitor mixture of the present application Yes Yes Yes Yes Table 2. Environmental interaction features Contaminates Harmful to plants Types of suppressors Biodegradables groundwater and animals Salts No Yes Yes Chlorides No Yes Yes Specific natural polymers Yes No No Synthetic polymers Yes No No Bituminous No No Yes Dust inhibitor composition of the present application Yes No No Date Recue/Date Received 2023-09-14

10 Table 3. Toxicity and corrosivity Types of suppressors Toxics Corrosive Salts Yes Yes Chlorides Yes Yes Specific natural polymers No No Synthetic polymers No No Bituminous No No Dust inhibitor composition of the present application No No Table 4. Resistance conditions:
Resistants to high to water to ultraviolet rays temperature Types of suppressors Salts No No No Chlorides No No No Specific natural polymers No Yes Yes Synthetic polymers No Yes Yes Bituminous Yes Yes No Dust inhibitor composition of the present application Yes Yes Yes Table 5. Operating conditions Operation Requires traffic Requires prior Becomes slippery Types of suppressors interruption stabilization with water Salts Yes Yes Yes Chlorides Yes Yes Yes Specific natural polymers No No No Synthetic polymers No Yes Yes Bituminous Yes Yes No Dust inhibitor composition of the present application No No No Date Recue/Date Received 2023-09-14

11 Table 6. Application conditions Application Can be applied with water regardless of Can be applied with Can be applied with fresh, industrial, Compounds rain snow salt or brine water Salts No No No Chlorides No No No Specific natural polymers No No Yes Synthetic polymers No Yes Yes Bituminous No No No Dust inhibitor composition of the present application Yes Yes Yes Application examples On soil without prior stabilization:
Mixture of 50% of component (1) and 50% of component (2) Application Concentrations Details Month 1: 200 g/m2 divided The first 2 applications are performed with the into 3 components separately. First, the truck is loaded applications and applies the component (1), then the application of component (2) is performed on the soil treated with component (1).
The third application is performed with both components mixed in the truck.
Month 2: 100 g/m2 divided The 2 applications are performed with the into 2 components mixed in the truck (50% of component applications (1) and 50% of component (2).
Month 3 to month 50 g/m2 applied 1 The application is performed with the components time per month mixed in the truck (50% of component (1) and 50%
of component 2).
Date Recue/Date Received 2023-09-14

12 Month 6 to month 25 g/m2 applied 1 The application is performed with the components 12 time per month mixed in the truck (50% of component (1) and 50%
of component 2)).
Second year 25 g/m2 applied 1 The application is performed with the components time per month mixed in the truck (50% of component (1) and 50%
of component 2)).
Among the recommended applications, it is possible that targeted maintenance may have to be performed on a corrective basis in sectors where MP10 (particulate material smaller than 10 micrometer) averages are outside the expected averages. These sectors are identified with dust measurement equipment and visual inspection.
On soil with prior stabilization:
A mixture of 75% of component (1) and 25% of component (2) Application Concentrations Details Month 1: 200 g/m2 The 3 applications are performed with the divided into 3 components mixed in the truck (75% of applications. component (1) and 25% of component (2)).
Month 2: 100 g/m2 The 2 applications are performed with the divided into 2 components mixed in the truck (75% of applications component (1) and 25% of component (2)).
Month 3 to 50 g/m2 The application is performed with the components month 5 applied 1 time mixed in the truck (75% of component (1) and per month 25% of component 2)).
Date Recue/Date Received 2023-09-14

13 Month 6 to 25 g/m2 The application is performed with the components month 12 applied 1 time mixed in the truck (75% of component (1) and per month 25% of component 2)).
Second year 25 g/m2 The application is performed with the components applied 1 time mixed in the truck (75% of component (1) and per month 25% of component 2)).
Among the recommended applications, it is possible that targeted maintenance may have to be performed on a corrective basis in sectors where MP10 averages are outside the expected averages. These sectors are identified with dust measurement equipment and visual inspection.
Date Recue/Date Received 2023-09-14

Claims (8)

14

1. A dust inhibitor, binder, agglomerant, humectant, biodegradable composition that lasts over time to reduce suspended dust on dirt roads, comprising: two compound components: component (1) and component (2), wherein:
- Component (1) is composed of:
= Acrylic polymer 50-70% w/w = Ground algae extract 5-15% w/w = Sodium lignosulphate 5-15 % w/w = ionic liquid surfactant 5-15% w/w = Sodium lauryl sulphate 2-5% w/w = Calcium chloride 5-15% w/w and - Component (2) is composed of:
= Sodium lignosulfonate 55-75% w/w = Carboxymethyl cellulose 16-20% w/w = Calcium chloride 10-20% w/w

2. The dust inhibitor, binder, agglomerant, humectant, biodegradable composition of claim 1, wherein the ground algae extract of component (1) is Durvillaea antarctica.

3. The dust inhibitor, binder, agglomerant, humectant, biodegradable composition of claim 1, wherein the liquid ionic surfactant of component (1) is liquid silicone.

4. The dust inhibitor, binder, agglomerant, humectant, biodegradable composition of claim 1, wherein comprising 50% w/w of component (1) and 50% w/w of component (2), if the soil type is very dry and saline with little rain.

5. The dust inhibitor, binder, agglomerant, humectant, biodegradable composition of claim 1, wherein comprising 75% w/w of component (1) and 25% w/w of component (2), if the climate conditions include heavy rainfall.

6. The dust inhibitor, binder, agglomerant, humectant, biodegradable composition of claim 1, wherein comprising 75% w/w of component (1) and 25% w/w of component (2), if the soil type is a stabilized soil.

7. The dust inhibitor binder, agglomerant, humectant, biodegradable composition of claim 1, wherein comprising 50% w/w of component (1) and 50% w/w of component (2), if the soil type is clay-rich.

8. A method for preparing the dust inhibitor binder, agglomerant, humectant, biodegradable composition of claim 1, wherein in that the preparation of components (1) and (2) is performed separately, wherein the preparation of the component (1) comprises the following steps:
Step 1: Grinding brown algae until it reaches to powder state.
Step 2: Apply 5 g of ground algae in 120 ml of water and heat at 100 C for 30 minutes.
Step 3: Filter and extract the liquid to 120 ml and add water to the filtrate to obtain the ground algae extract.

Step 4: Dissolve 100 g of lignosulfonate in the 120 ml of ground algae extract obtained in step 3.
Step 5: To the solution of algae extract with lignosulfonate, obtained in step 4, add 600 g of acrylic polymer and mix for 30 minutes.
Step 6: Add 100 ml of surfactant, such as liquid silicone, and 20 g of sodium lauryl sulfate to the mixture obtained in step 5.
Step 7: Add 75 grams of calcium chloride salt to the mixture obtained from step 6 and mix vigorously for 30-45 minutes.
Step 8: Add 170 g of CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) to the mixture obtained from step 7 and mix for 30 minutes.
The preparation of component (2) comprises the following steps:
Step 1: Dissolve 200 grams of lignosulfonate powder in 800 ml of water and m ix.
Step 2: Add 75 g of calcium chloride to the solution obtained from the previous step.
Step 3: Add 100 g of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) to the solution obtained in step 2, and mix for at least 30 minutes.
Once the components (1) and (2) are obtained separately, mix them depending on the soil to be treated.