WO2023202756A1 - Éolienne à pales d'éolienne articulées et système d'accumulation d'énergie - Google Patents

Éolienne à pales d'éolienne articulées et système d'accumulation d'énergie Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2023202756A1
WO2023202756A1 PCT/DK2023/050097 DK2023050097W WO2023202756A1 WO 2023202756 A1 WO2023202756 A1 WO 2023202756A1 DK 2023050097 W DK2023050097 W DK 2023050097W WO 2023202756 A1 WO2023202756 A1 WO 2023202756A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wind turbine
turbine blades
pivot angle
energy
towards
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK2023/050097
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Simon Stevns KAZAR
Peter BØTTCHER
Torben Ladegaard Baun
Original Assignee
Vestas Wind Systems A/S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vestas Wind Systems A/S filed Critical Vestas Wind Systems A/S
Publication of WO2023202756A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023202756A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F03D7/0236—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades by changing the active surface of the wind engaging parts, e.g. reefing or furling
    • F03D7/0239—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades by changing the active surface of the wind engaging parts, e.g. reefing or furling by means of teetering or coning blades

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wind turbine comprising a tower, a nacelle and a hub comprising a blade carrying structure.
  • One or more wind turbine blades are connected to the blade carrying structure via a hinge, each wind turbine blade thereby being arranged to perform pivot movements relative to the blade carrying structure.
  • the wind turbine according to the invention allows for energy efficient operation of the pivot arrangement.
  • the invention further relates to a method for operating such a wind turbine.
  • Wind turbines are normally controlled in order to provide a desired power output and in order to control loads on the wind turbine.
  • For horizontal axis wind turbines i.e. wind turbines with a rotor which rotates about a substantially horizontal rotational axis, this may be obtained by controlling a pitch angle of the wind turbine blades.
  • the angle of attack of the wind turbine blades relative to the incoming wind is adjusted by rotating the wind turbine blades about a longitudinal axis.
  • a wind turbine may be provided with wind turbine blades which are connected to a blade carrying structure via hinges, thereby allowing a pivot angle defined between the wind turbine blades and the blade carrying structure to be varied.
  • the diameter of the rotor of the wind turbine, and thereby the area swept by the rotor, is varied when the pivot angle is varied.
  • US 4,632,637 discloses a high speed, downwind horizontal axis wind turbine having three circumferentially spaced lightweight blades having inner support arms radially outwardly disposed blade segments which are pivotally connected to the support arms, so as to fold straight downwind under high wind conditions or high rotating speeds.
  • the folding movement of the airfoil segment is yieldingly resisted by a biasing means that is operatively acted upon by component parts of a control assembly.
  • the invention provides a wind turbine comprising a tower, a nacelle mounted on the tower via a yaw system, a hub mounted rotatably on the nacelle, the hub comprising a blade carrying structure, and one or more wind turbine blades connected to the blade carrying structure via a hinge, each wind turbine blade thereby being arranged to perform pivot movements relative to the blade carrying structure between a minimum pivot angle and a maximum pivot angle, the wind turbine further comprising a biasing mechanism arranged to apply an adjustable force to each of the wind turbine blades in order to move the wind turbine blades towards a position defining minimum pivot angle, wherein the biasing mechanism comprises an energy accumulation system adapted to accumulate energy when the wind turbine blades are moved towards a position defining maximum pivot angle, and to apply the accumulated energy for generating a force in order to move the wind turbine blades towards the position defining minimum pivot angle, by means of the biasing mechanism.
  • the invention provides a wind turbine, e.g. a horizontal axis wind turbine, i.e. a wind turbine in which the rotational axis of the hub is arranged along a substantially horizontal direction, contrary to vertical axis wind turbines in which the rotational axis of the hub is arranged along a substantially vertical direction.
  • a wind turbine e.g. a horizontal axis wind turbine, i.e. a wind turbine in which the rotational axis of the hub is arranged along a substantially horizontal direction, contrary to vertical axis wind turbines in which the rotational axis of the hub is arranged along a substantially vertical direction.
  • the term 'wind turbine' should be interpreted to mean a construction which is capable of extracting energy from the wind and transforming it into electrical energy.
  • the wind turbine comprises a tower with a nacelle mounted thereon, via a yaw system. Accordingly, the nacelle can rotate about a substantially vertical rotational axis, relative to the tower, in order to direct a rotor of the wind turbine according to the incoming wind.
  • the yaw system may be an active yaw system in which the nacelle is rotated actively by means of a yaw drive mechanism, e.g. on the basis of measurements of the wind direction.
  • the yaw system may be a passive yaw system in which the nacelle automatically rotates according to the wind direction without the use of a yaw drive mechanism.
  • the nacelle may be a traditional nacelle having an outer wall enclosing an interior of the nacelle, the nacelle housing various components of the wind turbine, such as generator, drive train, etc.
  • the nacelle may simply be a structure which is capable of performing yawing movements relative to the tower. In this case some or all of the components described above may be arranged outside the nacelle, e.g. in an interior part of the tower.
  • a hub is mounted rotatably on the nacelle.
  • the hub comprises a blade carrying structure having one or more wind turbine blades connected thereto.
  • the wind turbine blades rotate along with the hub and the blade carrying structure relative to the nacelle.
  • Each of the wind turbine blades is connected to the blade carrying structure via a hinge at a hinge position of the wind turbine blade. Thereby each wind turbine blade is arranged to perform pivot movements relative to the blade carrying structure, via the hinge. The pivoting movements preferably take place about a pivot axis which is arranged substantially transverse to the longitudinal direction of the wind turbine blade.
  • a pivot angle is thereby defined between each wind turbine blade and the blade carrying structure, depending on the position of the hinge and thereby of the wind turbine blade relative to the blade carrying structure. Accordingly, the pivot angle defines the direction along which a given wind turbine blade extends relative the blade carrying structure, and thereby relative to the hub. This, in turn, determines a diameter of the rotor, and thereby the ability of the wind turbine to extract energy from the wind.
  • the wind turbine is of a kind which comprises hinged wind turbine blades.
  • the hinge may be or comprise a bearing, e.g. in the form of a journal bearing, a roller bearing, or any other suitable kind of bearing.
  • the pivot angle can vary between a minimum pivot angle, defining a maximum rotor diameter, and a maximum pivot angle, defining a minimum rotor diameter. Positioning the wind turbine blades at maximum pivot angle, and thereby minimum rotor diameter, is sometimes referred to as 'barrel mode'.
  • the wind turbine further comprises a biasing mechanism arranged to apply an adjustable force to each of the wind turbine blades in order to move the wind turbine blades towards a position defining minimum pivot angle, i.e. towards a position defining a maximum rotor diameter.
  • the applied force may, e.g., be a pulling force, in which case the wind turbine blades are pulled towards the position defining minimum pivot angle.
  • the wind turbine blades can be moved actively towards the position defining minimum pivot angle by appropriately operating the biasing mechanism, and moving the wind turbine blades in this direction thereby requires energy. Since the force applied to the wind turbine blades by the biasing mechanism is adjustable, it is possible to actively position the wind turbine blades at a selected pivot angle.
  • the biasing mechanism further comprises an energy accumulation system.
  • the energy accumulation system is adapted to accumulate energy when the wind turbine blades are moved towards a position defining maximum pivot angle, and to apply the accumulated energy for generating a force in order to move the wind turbine blades towards the position defining minimum pivot angle, by means of the biasing mechanism.
  • At least part of the energy which is released during movement of the wind turbine blades towards a position defining maximum pivot angle is accumulated by the energy accumulation system.
  • the energy is recovered and stored for later use.
  • the accumulated energy is applied for generating a force by means of the biasing mechanism when it is once again desired to move the wind turbine blades towards the position defining minimum pivot angle. Accordingly, some of the energy which is required in order to move the wind turbine blades to a desired smaller pivot angle is provided from the energy accumulation system, and thereby the need for energy from other energy sources is significantly lower than would be the case without the energy accumulation system. This allows the pivot mechanism of the wind turbine to be operated in an energy efficient manner. Hence, a more frequent adjustment of the rotor diameter is possible without compromising energy production.
  • the energy accumulated in the energy accumulation system will normally not be sufficient to move the wind turbine blades to a desired, low pivot angle, since the energy which can be recovered when the wind turbine blades move from a small pivot angle, ai, to a larger pivot angle, ot2, will be lower than the energy required in order to actively move the wind turbine blades in the opposite direction, i.e. from a 2 to ai, due to expected losses.
  • an option for providing additional energy is preferably available.
  • the additional energy may be in the form of electrical energy, e.g. provided from electrical storage, such as a battery, from an external power grid, or from the wind turbine itself. In the latter case, behind the meter operation is allowed for. Electrical energy may further be applied for driving an electrical pump for changing a hydraulic or pneumatic accumulator, as described above.
  • the adjustable force applied by the biasing mechanism may vary with the pivot angle.
  • the adjustable force applied by the biasing mechanism of the wind turbine may be lower when the one or more wind turbine blades is near the maximum pivot angle than when the one or more wind turbine blades is near the minimum pivot angle. This may particularly be the case when the low energy level where the wind turbine blades are not biased corresponding to the barrel mode. This represents a very safe system where the wind turbine will move to or towards the safest arrangement of the wind turbine blades in the unlikely event of complete loss of control, such as hydraulic pressure, electricity or release of the biasing mechanism.
  • the biasing mechanism may comprise at least one actuator configured to generate the adjustable force and apply it to each of the wind turbine blades, and the at least one actuator may be adapted to receive energy from the energy accumulation system.
  • the wind turbine blades are moved towards the position defining minimum pivot angle by appropriately operating one or more actuators, which in turn generate the force required in order to move the wind turbine blades.
  • the actuator(s) receive energy from the energy accumulation system, and is/are thereby at least partly powered by the energy which was accumulated in the energy accumulation system during a previous movement of the wind turbine blades towards a position defining maximum pivot angle.
  • the actuator(s) may be arranged to apply the force to the individual wind turbine blades in an individual or independent manner.
  • each wind turbine blade may be moved independently of the movements of the other wind turbine blades.
  • Each of the wind turbine blades may be connected to an actuator by means of at least one belt or at least one wire.
  • the force which is generated by a given actuator is applied to a given wind turbine blade by means of at least one belt or at least one wire which interconnects the actuator and the wind turbine blade.
  • the term 'belt' should be interpreted to mean a long structure with a cross section which is flat, in the sense that its dimension along one direction is significantly larger than its dimension along a transverse direction.
  • the term 'wire' should be interpreted to mean a long structure with a substantially circular cross section.
  • the bending stress introduced in rectangular flat profiles during operation was found to be significantly lower that the bending stress introduced in a circular profile with the same cross-sectional area. In some cases, the bending stress introduced in the circular cross section profile was found to be up to 8 times higher than the bending stress introduced in the rectangular flat profile.
  • Each belt or wire may interconnect a wind turbine blade and an actuator via a gearing arrangement.
  • a gearing is introduced between the movements of the actuator and the pivoting movement of the wind turbine blade. This allows a small movement of the actuator to cause a significantly larger movement of the wind turbine blade. Thereby large movements of the wind turbine blades can be obtained without requiring a large space for accommodating the actuator. Furthermore, the fatigue loads on the belt or wire during operation are significantly reduced by introducing a gearing.
  • the gearing may, e.g., be introduced by providing a number of sheaves or pulleys between the actuator and the wind turbine blade, and arranging the belt or wire in such a manner that it runs from the actuator to the wind turbine blade, via the sheaves or pulleys.
  • the at least one actuator may comprise a hydraulic piston.
  • the force which is generated by the actuators and applied to the wind turbine blades in order to move the wind turbine blades towards a position defining minimum pivot angle is generated by means of hydraulics.
  • Such actuators are able to provide large movements of a moved object, in this case the wind turbine blade, with a small movement of the hydraulic piston.
  • the hydraulic piston may be connected to the wind turbine blade by means of a belt or a wire, possibly via a gearing as described above. In this case movements of the hydraulic piston causes movements of the wind turbine blade due to a change in a force, such as a pulling force, applied to the wind turbine blade by the belt or wire.
  • the at least one actuator may comprise a hydraulic motor which drives a winch, thereby winding or unwinding a belt or wire which is connected to the wind turbine blade.
  • the actuator may be any other suitable kind of actuator, such as an actuator comprising an electrical motor or a pneumatic piston.
  • the energy accumulation system may comprise at least one hydraulic accumulator.
  • energy is accumulated and stored in the energy accumulation system by supplying hydraulic fluid to the at least one hydraulic accumulator.
  • the hydraulic fluid is released from the at least one hydraulic accumulator, and possibly supplied to a hydraulic piston or a hydraulic motor.
  • the energy accumulation system may comprise at least one electrical storage device, such as a battery, a capacitor or the like, which may supply electrical energy to an electrical actuator, e.g. in the form of an electrical motor, or a pump providing (additional) pressure to a hydraulic actuator or accumulator, or a pneumatic actuator or accumulator.
  • an electrical actuator e.g. in the form of an electrical motor, or a pump providing (additional) pressure to a hydraulic actuator or accumulator, or a pneumatic actuator or accumulator.
  • the energy accumulation system may comprise at least one pressure tank, which may supply pressurised gas to a pneumatic piston.
  • the energy accumulation system may be arranged in or near the hub, or in the blade carrying structure.
  • the energy accumulation system By arranging the energy accumulation system in or near the hub, it is obtained that the weight added by the energy accumulation system is positioned near the rotational axis of the hub and the blade carrying structure. This reduces the loads on the wind turbine, in particular on the blade carrying structure, the main bearing, the wind turbine blades and the hinges interconnecting the wind turbine blades and the blade carrying structure.
  • the energy accumulation system By arranging the energy accumulation system in the blade carrying structure, it may still be arranged close to the hub thereby obtaining the advantages described above. Furthermore, the energy accumulation system will be shielded from ambient impact, such as wind and weather.
  • the biasing mechanism may further comprise at least one passive biasing element arranged to bias the wind turbine blades towards the position defining minimum pivot angle.
  • the wind turbine blades are allowed to perform slight pivot movements about an equilibrium pivot angle. More particularly, the wind turbine blades can move towards the position defining maximum pivot angle, against the biasing force provided by the passive biasing element, if the wind turbine blade is subjected to an oppositely directed force.
  • an oppositely directed force could, e.g., originate from a wind gust or turbulent wind conditions.
  • the biasing force of the passive biasing element will ensure that the wind turbine blades are returned to the desired equilibrium pivot angle.
  • the passive biasing element may be used for handling peak loads on the wind turbine.
  • the stiffness of the passive biasing element may be controllable, e.g. in response to operating conditions, such as the equilibrium pivot angle, the wind speed, etc. This allows the ability of the passive biasing element to handle peak loads to be adapted in such a manner that it is optimal under the prevailing conditions.
  • the passive biasing element may, e.g., be or comprise a spring, a hydraulic accumulator, or any other suitable kind of passive biasing element.
  • the wind turbine may further comprise a controllable damping mechanism for damping pivot movements of the wind turbine blades. This may, e.g., be relevant in order to handle cyclic pivot movements of the wind turbine blades, due to gravity acting on the wind turbine blades during a full rotation of the rotor.
  • the damping mechanism may, e.g., be or comprise a passive biasing element as described above.
  • the wind turbine may be a downwind wind turbine.
  • the term 'downwind wind turbine' should be interpreted to mean a wind turbine in which the rotor is directed away from the incoming wind.
  • the wind will push the wind turbine blades towards a position defining maximum pivot angle, i.e. towards barrel mode.
  • the blade carrying structure may be fixedly connected to the hub. According to this embodiment, the blade carrying structure is not movable with respect to the hub. For instance, no pitching movement takes place between hub and blade carrying structure. Instead, the energy extraction from the wind is solely controlled by means of the pivot movements of the wind turbine blades with respect to the blade carrying structure.
  • each wind turbine blade may define a pivoting axis which is substantially transverse to a longitudinal direction of the wind turbine blade. According to this embodiment, the pivot movements of the wind turbine blades take place out of the rotor plane, preferably in a flapwise direction.
  • the invention provides a method for operating a wind turbine, the wind turbine comprising a tower, a nacelle mounted on the tower via a yaw system, a hub mounted rotatably on the nacelle, the hub comprising a blade carrying structure, and one or more wind turbine blades connected to the blade carrying structure via a hinge, each wind turbine blade thereby being arranged to perform pivot movements relative to the blade carrying structure between a minimum pivot angle and a maximum pivot angle, the wind turbine further comprising a biasing mechanism arranged to apply an adjustable force to each of the wind turbine blades in order to move the wind turbine blades towards a position defining minimum pivot angle, the biasing mechanism comprising an energy accumulation system, the method comprising the steps of:
  • the wind turbine being operated in accordance with method according to the second aspect of the invention may be a wind turbine according to the first aspect of the invention, as described above.
  • a person skilled in the art would therefore readily understand that any feature described in combination with the first aspect of the invention could also be combined with the second aspect of the invention, and vice versa.
  • the wind turbine blades of the wind turbine are moved towards the position defining maximum pivot angle, while energy is accumulated in the energy accumulation system, essentially as described above with reference to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the adjustable force may be lower when moving the one or more wind turbine blades near the maximum pivot angle than when moving the one or more wind turbine blades near the minimum pivot angle.
  • the step of moving the wind turbine blades towards a position defining maximum pivot angle and the step of applying the accumulated energy for generating a force may be performed as part of a control strategy for the wind turbine.
  • the pivot angle, and thereby the rotor diameter of the wind turbine is adjusted or controlled in order to control the power output of the wind turbine, similarly to how a pitch angle is adjusted in an ordinary pitch controlled wind turbine.
  • Fig. 1 is a side view of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the invention
  • Figs. 2-5 illustrate examples of biasing mechanisms and energy accumulation systems for wind turbines according to various embodiments of the invention
  • Fig. 6 is a detail of the embodiment of Fig. 5,
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a biasing mechanism and energy accumulation system for a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a biasing mechanism and energy accumulation system for a wind turbine according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a side view of a wind turbine 1 according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the wind turbine 1 comprises a tower 2 having a nacelle 3 mounted thereon via a yaw system.
  • a hub 4 with blade carrying structures 5 is mounted rotatably on the nacelle 3.
  • a number of wind turbine blades 6, two of which are shown, are mounted on the blade carrying structures 5 via respective hinges 7. Thereby the wind turbine blades 6 are arranged to perform pivot movements relative to the blade carrying structure 5 between a position defining minimum pivot angle and a position defining maximum pivot angle, a.
  • an outer part of the wind turbine blades 6 is arranged along a substantially vertical direction, thereby defining a maximum rotor diameter of the wind turbine 1. This position is illustrated as '0°' in Fig. 1.
  • the outer part of the wind turbine blades 6 is arranged along a substantially horizontal direction, thereby defining a minimum rotor diameter of the wind turbine 1.
  • This position is sometimes referred to as 'barrel mode', and it is illustrated as '90°' in Fig. 1.
  • the wind turbine 1 comprises a biasing mechanism with an energy accumulation system which is adapted to accumulate energy when the wind turbine blades 6 are moved towards the position defining maximum pivot angle, and to subsequently apply the accumulated energy for generating a force in order to move the wind turbine blades 6 towards the position defining minimum pivot angle.
  • the biasing mechanism and the energy accumulation system are not shown in Fig. 1, but they will be described in further detail below.
  • Figs. 2-5 show part of a hub 4 with a blade carrying structure 5 and a wind turbine blade 6 mounted thereon via a hinge 7 for wind turbines according to various embodiments of the invention.
  • the wind turbine comprises a biasing mechanism in the form of a belt 8 interconnecting the wind turbine blade 6 and a winch (not shown) connected to a hydraulic motor 9, via a pulley 10.
  • a winch (not shown) connected to a hydraulic motor 9, via a pulley 10.
  • the winch When the wind turbine blades 6 are moved towards the position defining maximum pivot angle, the winch unwinds.
  • the unwinding of the winch causes energy to be accumulated in hydraulic accumulators (not shown) which are connected to the hydraulic motor 9, by displacing hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic accumulators.
  • the energy accumulated in the hydraulic accumulators is provided to the hydraulic motor 9 by supplying hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic accumulators to the hydraulic motor 9.
  • the winch and the hydraulic motor 9 are arranged close to the hub 4, and thereby close to the centre of the rotational movement performed by the hub 4. This reduces the loads on the wind turbine.
  • a biasing mechanism in the form of a hydraulic motor 9 which is connected to hydraulic accumulators (not shown) is arranged at the hinge 7.
  • the hydraulic motor 9 is arranged to directly cause the wind turbine blade 6 to perform pivot movements relative to the blade carrying structure 5.
  • energy is accumulated in the hydraulic accumulators when the wind turbine blade 6 is moved towards the position defining maximum pivot angle, and the accumulated energy is supplied to the hydraulic motor 9 when it is desired to move the wind turbine blade 6 towards the position defining minimum pivot angle.
  • a biasing mechanism in the form of a hydraulic piston 11 is mounted near the hinge 7 and interconnecting the wind turbine blade 6 and the blade carrying structure 5. Thereby the wind turbine blade 6 can be caused to perform pivot movements by appropriately operating the hydraulic piston 11. Hydraulic accumulators (not shown) are connected to the hydraulic piston 11. When the wind turbine blade 6 is moved towards the position defining maximum pivot angle, hydraulic fluid is displaced to the hydraulic accumulators, thereby accumulating energy.
  • hydraulic fluid When it is subsequently desired to move the wind turbine blade 6 towards the position defining minimum pivot angle, hydraulic fluid, and thereby the accumulated energy, is supplied from the hydraulic accumulators to the hydraulic piston 11, in order to operate the hydraulic piston 11 in such a manner that it moves the wind turbine blade 6 towards the position defining minimum pivot angle.
  • the wind turbine comprises a biasing mechanism in the form of a belt 8 interconnecting the wind turbine blade 6 and a hydraulic piston 11 arranged near the hub 4, via a pulley 10 and a gearing arrangement 12.
  • the wind turbine blade 6 can be caused to perform pivot movements by appropriately operating the hydraulic piston 11.
  • the gearing arrangement 12 ensures that a small movement of the hydraulic piston 11 results in a significantly larger movement of the wind turbine blade 6.
  • Fig. 6 shows the gearing arrangement 12 illustrated in Fig. 5 in more detail.
  • the gearing arrangement 12 comprises a number of sheaves 13, four of which are shown.
  • the belt 8 sequentially passes the sheaves 13, thereby introducing a gearing.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a biasing mechanism and energy accumulation system for a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 7 could, e.g., form part of the embodiments illustrated in Figs. 4, 5 and 6.
  • the embodiment of Fig. 7 comprises a hydraulic piston 11 defining a low pressure side 11a and a high pressure side lib, each connected to respective passive hydraulic accumulators 14a, 14b.
  • the hydraulic piston 11 is allowed to perform limited movements about an equilibrium position, while displacing hydraulic fluid to and from the passive hydraulic accumulators 14a, 14b. This allows for small changes in the pivot angle of the wind turbine blade. Thereby peak loads on the wind turbine, e.g. due to gusts, can be handled, which in may reduce the ultimate strength requirements and/or wear of the structural elements of the wind turbine, such as tower and blade.
  • valve arrangements 16 are fluidly connected to the high pressure side lib of the hydraulic piston 11, via valve arrangements 16.
  • the valve arrangements 16 are shown in a closed position where two one-way valves prevent hydraulic fluid from moving in or out of the hydraulic accumulators 15. However, the valve arrangements 16 can be moved to an open position where such movement of hydraulic fluid is allowed.
  • the pressure settings vary among the hydraulic accumulators 15, thereby allowing a force applied by the hydraulic piston 11 to be adjusted as desired. This will be described in further detail below.
  • the piston 11 moves towards the high pressure side lib. Furthermore, one or more of the valve arrangements 16 is moved to the open position, thereby allowing hydraulic fluid to be displaced from the high pressure side lib of the hydraulic piston 11 to one or more of the hydraulic accumulators 15. Thereby energy is accumulated in the hydraulic accumulators 15.
  • valve arrangements 16 are moved back to the closed position, thereby preventing the accumulated hydraulic fluid from leaving the hydraulic accumulators 15.
  • valve arrangements 16 When it is subsequently desired to move the wind turbine blades towards the position defining minimum pivot angle, one or more of the valve arrangements 16 is moved to the open position, in order to allow the hydraulic fluid accumulated in the associated hydraulic accumulators 15 to be supplied to the high pressure side lib of the hydraulic piston 11, thereby causing the hydraulic piston 11 to move towards the low pressure side 11a.
  • the valve arrangements 16 to be moved to the open position are selected, based on their pressure settings, in such a manner that the resulting force applied by the hydraulic piston 11 is in accordance with the desired pivot movement of the wind turbine blades.
  • the valve arrangements 16 When the pivot movement has been completed, the valve arrangements 16 are once again moved to the closed position.
  • the system setup in Fig. 7 may alternatively be used for operating a pneumatic actuator.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a biasing mechanism and energy accumulation system for a wind turbine according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • the embodiment of Fig. 8 could, e.g., form part of the embodiment of Fig. 2 or 3.
  • the embodiment of Fig. 8 comprises two hydraulic motors 9 connected to a winch 17.
  • a belt 8 interconnects the winch 17 and a wind turbine blade (not shown), e.g. in the manner described above with reference to Fig. 2.
  • the hydraulic motors 9 are connected to a low pressure passive hydraulic accumulator 14a and a high pressure passive hydraulic accumulator 14b, via a valve system 18. This allows the winch 17 to perform limited movements about an equilibrium position during normal operation of the wind turbine, thereby allowing the wind turbine blades to perform limited pivot movements about an equilibrium position, similar to the situation described above with reference to Fig. 7.
  • Fig. 8 is similar to the embodiment of Fig. 7 in the sense that it comprises four hydraulic accumulators 15 connected to the high pressure passive hydraulic accumulator 14b via respective valve arrangements 16, thereby allowing energy to be accumulated and released, essentially in the manner described above with reference to Fig. 7.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une éolienne (1) comprenant une tour (2), une nacelle (3) et un moyeu comprenant une structure de support de pale (5). Une ou plusieurs pales d'éolienne (6) sont raccordées à une structure de support de pales (5) par l'intermédiaire d'une charnière (7), chaque pale d'éolienne (6) étant ainsi agencée pour effectuer des mouvements de pivotement par rapport à la structure de support de pales (5) entre un angle de pivotement minimal et un angle de pivotement maximal. L'éolienne (1) comprend en outre un mécanisme de sollicitation agencé pour appliquer une force réglable à chacune des pales d'éolienne (6) afin de déplacer les pales d'éolienne (6) vers une position définissant un angle de pivotement minimal. Le mécanisme de sollicitation comprend un système d'accumulation d'énergie conçu pour accumuler de l'énergie lorsque les pales d'éolienne (6) sont déplacées vers une position définissant un angle de pivotement maximal, et pour appliquer l'énergie accumulée pour générer une force afin de déplacer les pales d'éolienne (6) vers la position définissant un angle de pivotement minimal, au moyen du mécanisme de sollicitation.
PCT/DK2023/050097 2022-04-20 2023-04-20 Éolienne à pales d'éolienne articulées et système d'accumulation d'énergie WO2023202756A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA202270203 2022-04-20
DKPA202270203 2022-04-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023202756A1 true WO2023202756A1 (fr) 2023-10-26

Family

ID=86328356

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DK2023/050097 WO2023202756A1 (fr) 2022-04-20 2023-04-20 Éolienne à pales d'éolienne articulées et système d'accumulation d'énergie

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2023202756A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4632637A (en) 1981-06-04 1986-12-30 Analytics, Inc. Wind turbine
US4673822A (en) * 1984-10-25 1987-06-16 Naomi Kikuchi Wind electric generator
US5584655A (en) * 1994-12-21 1996-12-17 The Wind Turbine Company Rotor device and control for wind turbine
US8753080B2 (en) * 2007-12-28 2014-06-17 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Upwind wind turbine and operation method thereof
WO2021129907A1 (fr) * 2019-12-23 2021-07-01 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Procédé de commande de moment d'inclinaison d'une éolienne à pales d'éolienne articulées
US20210215134A1 (en) * 2018-06-14 2021-07-15 Vestas Wind Systems A/S A wind turbine with a pivoted rotor blades, wire and release mechanism for stopping

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4632637A (en) 1981-06-04 1986-12-30 Analytics, Inc. Wind turbine
US4673822A (en) * 1984-10-25 1987-06-16 Naomi Kikuchi Wind electric generator
US5584655A (en) * 1994-12-21 1996-12-17 The Wind Turbine Company Rotor device and control for wind turbine
US8753080B2 (en) * 2007-12-28 2014-06-17 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Upwind wind turbine and operation method thereof
US20210215134A1 (en) * 2018-06-14 2021-07-15 Vestas Wind Systems A/S A wind turbine with a pivoted rotor blades, wire and release mechanism for stopping
WO2021129907A1 (fr) * 2019-12-23 2021-07-01 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Procédé de commande de moment d'inclinaison d'une éolienne à pales d'éolienne articulées

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US8668455B2 (en) Turbine wheel
DK1788237T3 (en) Method and apparatus for wind turbine braking
JP4100520B1 (ja) アップウインド型風車及びその退避運転方法
US7821148B2 (en) Wind turbine
CN101487446B (zh) 速度受控的倾斜系统
DK2108825T3 (en) System and method of reducing rotor loads in a wind turbine by detecting wing pitch failure and loss of torque
US7118338B2 (en) Methods and apparatus for twist bend coupled (TCB) wind turbine blades
US7445420B2 (en) Horizontal axis wind turbine and idling method of the same
US7582977B1 (en) Extendable rotor blades for power generating wind and ocean current turbines within a module mounted atop a main blade
EP2252791B1 (fr) Structure de pale rétractable à bord de fuite fendu
US20060275121A1 (en) Wind turbine with friction drive power take off on outer rim
US7775760B1 (en) Turbine wheel
CN101440783A (zh) 风力发电机组、风力发电系统及其运行控制方法
EP2577054B1 (fr) Une éolienne avec calage des pales adjustable a la force centrifuge, fixés par des cables
JP4982733B2 (ja) 空力的調速機構を備える縦軸型直線翼風車
DK2957767T3 (en) Methods and systems for operating a wind turbine
JP2014181711A (ja) 負荷補償デバイスのためのフェールセーフデバイス
AU2021403357A9 (en) A pitch controlled wind turbine with blade connecting members
US11466663B2 (en) Wind turbine with a pivoted rotor blades, wire and release mechanism for stopping
WO2023202756A1 (fr) Éolienne à pales d'éolienne articulées et système d'accumulation d'énergie
WO2022134519A1 (fr) Système d'entraînement et unité de générateur éolien
CN212054985U (zh) 倾斜式桨叶伞型变径调速垂直轴风力发电机
CN112534132B (zh) 具有铰接叶片的风力涡轮机中的噪声降低
WO2011039777A2 (fr) Système de commande de l'angle de cône et de l'angle de calage d'un ensemble pales de rotor d'une éolienne
WO2023217342A1 (fr) Éolienne

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 23721274

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1