WO2023201806A1 - 一种用于多人观看的不闪式指向背光裸眼3d显示装置 - Google Patents

一种用于多人观看的不闪式指向背光裸眼3d显示装置 Download PDF

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WO2023201806A1
WO2023201806A1 PCT/CN2022/093140 CN2022093140W WO2023201806A1 WO 2023201806 A1 WO2023201806 A1 WO 2023201806A1 CN 2022093140 W CN2022093140 W CN 2022093140W WO 2023201806 A1 WO2023201806 A1 WO 2023201806A1
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eye
backlight
directional
image
display
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PCT/CN2022/093140
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English (en)
French (fr)
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何涌
周建英
陈学浩
程朦依
黎展鸿
范运嘉
李晓克
丁娟
邓冬岩
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广州弥德科技有限公司
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/30—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers
    • G02B30/32—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers characterised by the geometry of the parallax barriers, e.g. staggered barriers, slanted parallax arrays or parallax arrays of varying shape or size
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/33—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving directional light or back-light sources

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of naked-eye 3D display, and more specifically, to a non-flicker pointing backlight naked-eye 3D display device for viewing by multiple people.
  • Naked-eye 3D display technology is widely used in education, commerce, medical and other fields, and can provide humans with a better 3D visual experience.
  • it still has some shortcomings, such as resolution loss, high crosstalk, and small screen appearance.
  • resolution loss With the popularization of 4K and 8K LCD panels, the problem of resolution loss can meet people's needs.
  • the calibration of the grating or cylindrical lens and the pixel level of the LCD panel is still difficult to mass-produce and popularize, and the problem of high crosstalk has not yet been solved.
  • the prior art discloses a naked-eye 3D display device with lossless ultra-clear resolution and suitable for multiple people to watch at the same time.
  • the image output module converts the image data into a 3D image in a corresponding format, and the pointing backlight module is connected to the display output.
  • Module, directional backlight module includes multiple U-shaped backlight units. Each unit includes multiple LED light bars with different distances from the lenses. The combination of LED light bars in different backlight units can illuminate the entire display range.
  • the display module is synchronized with the backlight unit.
  • the display module outputs a 3D picture corresponding to the left eye or right eye of the first viewer or the second viewer through the display module, and at the same time turns on the backlight unit corresponding to the left eye or right eye of the first viewer or the second viewer,
  • the display module outputs a 3D picture corresponding to the left eye or right eye of the first viewer or the second viewer through the display module, and at the same time turns on the backlight unit corresponding to the left eye or right eye of the first viewer or the second viewer,
  • This method reduces the intensity of static and dynamic flickers that are inevitable when moving horizontally and vertically.
  • the image source and the light source are not independent, and crosstalk is high.
  • the vertical display resolution will be lost, making it impossible to achieve high-quality multi-viewing. People watch naked-eye 3D displays.
  • the present invention proposes a non-flicker pointing backlight naked-eye 3D display device for viewing by multiple people, which reduces the display data bandwidth and Switching flickers, and the display resolution only loses half in the horizontal direction and remains unchanged in the vertical direction, enabling ultra-clear three-dimensional images of single or multiple people.
  • a flicker-free directional backlight naked-eye 3D display device for multiple viewing including: image control module, eye tracking module, directional backlight module, light shaping film layer, display unit, triangular microstructure directional light splitting film , the triangular microstructure directional light-splitting film is covered and pasted on the display unit; the image control module converts the image data into a 3D image, and the image control module is connected to the pointing backlight module, the human eye tracking module and the display unit respectively to extract the human eye
  • the tracking module collects the human eye position signal, and synchronously sends the human eye position signal to the pointing backlight module, and controls the display output of the display unit; the pointing backlight module includes several backlight units, and the beam emitted by each backlight unit passes through the light
  • the shaping film layer is shaped into a directional light beam, and the directional light beam is loaded with images and beams through the display unit and the triangular microstructure directional light splitting film.
  • the 3D image displayed by the display unit includes a left eye parallax image and a right eye parallax image, with odd columns and even-numbered columns respectively display the left eye parallax image and the right eye parallax image.
  • the triangular microstructure directional dichroic film is composed of several triangular prism array units. Each triangular prism array unit corresponds to two columns of pixels, both covering the left eye parallax image display. The pixels and the right-eye parallax image display pixels, and the 3D image displayed by the display unit is projected by the triangular microstructure directional dichroic film and then incident on the left and right pupils of different viewers.
  • the image data is converted into a 3D image in a corresponding format through the image control module, and output to the first or Nth viewer through the cooperation of the display unit, the triangular microstructure directional light splitting film and the directional backlight module.
  • Parallax 3D images when viewed by multiple people, use the human eye position signal in the display area collected by the human eye tracking module to determine the number of viewers.
  • the pointing backlight module only needs to correspond to the number of backlight units turned on as the number of viewers increases, without the need for redundant
  • the optical device simplifies the naked-eye 3D display device.
  • the directional backlight module provides motion parallax
  • the triangular microstructure directional light splitting film provides binocular parallax, so that the resolution is only lost by half in the horizontal direction and remains unchanged in the vertical direction, enabling a single person to Or ultra-clear stereoscopic images for multiple people, and does not require a high refresh rate LCD screen for time-division multiplexed parallax image display, which reduces display data bandwidth and switching flicker, achieving high-quality naked-eye 3D display for multiple people with low crosstalk.
  • the display unit is an LCD liquid crystal panel.
  • the 3D image displayed and output by the LCD panel is formed by interlaced odd-numbered columns and even-numbered columns of left and right parallax images.
  • the screen refresh rate of the display unit is greater than or equal to 60 Hz, which eliminates the need for a high refresh rate display unit, reduces refresh rate requirements, and saves device costs.
  • the width of each pixel of the display unit be P
  • the cross-sectional height of the triangular prism in the triangular microstructure directional light splitting film be h
  • the interpupillary distance of any one of the multiple viewers be S
  • the material of the triangular prism The refractive index is n1 and the optimal viewing distance is L.
  • the cross-sectional height h of the triangular prism in the triangular microstructure directional light-splitting film is related to the width P of each pixel of the display unit and the interpupillary distance of any one of the multiple viewers. S.
  • the geometric optical relationship of the optimal viewing distance L is:
  • the light shaping film layer is composed of a lens array film and a linear diffusion film, and the lens array of the lens array film is a linear Fresnel lens array.
  • the polygonal structure formed by the combination of LED light strips is closer to the true focal plane shape of the lens.
  • the combination of LED light strips in different backlight units illuminates the entire display area where the viewer is located. When the number of viewers increases, it is only necessary to turn on the backlight.
  • the unit LED light strips are combined and tracked synchronously, which reduces the loss of resolution when experienced by a single person or multiple people, and the resulting crosstalk is also reduced.
  • the eye tracking module includes a binocular infrared camera and an infrared fill light that assists the binocular infrared camera.
  • the binocular infrared camera captures the viewer's face image and transmits the face image to the image control.
  • the image control module analyzes and processes the face image, and controls the pointing backlight module to light up the LED light bar corresponding to the viewer based on the analysis results.
  • the pointing backlight module provides motion parallax
  • the triangular microstructure directional light splitting film provides binocular parallax, making the resolution only Losing half in the horizontal direction and remaining unchanged in the vertical direction, it can achieve ultra-clear stereoscopic images for single or multiple people, and does not require a high refresh rate LCD screen for time-division multiplexed parallax image display, reducing display data bandwidth and switching flicker. , achieving high-quality multi-viewer naked-eye 3D display with low crosstalk.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the image control module proposed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention converting image data into 3D images;
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the left eye parallax image represented by the 3D image in Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the geometric optical relationship between the triangular microstructure directional light splitting film, the display unit pixels, the viewer, and the viewing distance in the non-flicker directional backlight naked-eye 3D display device for multi-person viewing proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. ;
  • 1-image control module 2-eye tracking module; 3-directional backlight module; 4-light shaping film layer; 5-display unit; 6-triangular microstructure directional light splitting film; 7-virtual human eye Pupil; 8-pupil of both eyes; 31-backlight unit; 204-left eye display pixel; 203-right eye display pixel; 301-first viewer; 302-second viewer; 303-second LED light bar combination; 304-The first LED light strip combination.
  • this embodiment proposes a flicker-free directional backlight naked-eye 3D display device for viewing by multiple people.
  • the device includes: an image control module 1, a human eye tracking module 2, a directional backlight module Group 3, light shaping film layer 4, display unit 5, triangular microstructure directional light splitting film 6, triangular microstructure directional light splitting film 6 is covered and pasted on the display unit 5; the image control module 1 converts the image data into 3D Image, the image control module is connected to the pointing backlight module 3, the human eye tracking module 2 and the display unit 5 respectively, extracts the human eye position signal collected by the human eye tracking module 2, and synchronously sends the human eye position signal to the pointing backlight module 3 , and controls the display output of the display unit 5.
  • the schematic diagram of the image control module 1 converting image data into 3D images is shown in Figure 2.
  • the human eye tracking module 2 includes a binocular infrared camera and an infrared fill light that assists the binocular infrared camera.
  • the infrared camera captures the face image of the viewer and transmits the face image to the image control module 1.
  • the image control module 1 controls the pointing backlight module to light up the viewer based on the analysis results.
  • Figure 3 shows the left-eye parallax image represented by the 3D image
  • Figure 4 shows the right-eye parallax image of the 3D image.
  • the image control module controls the display of a mixed image formed by overlapping the left-eye parallax image and the right-eye parallax image.
  • the display is performed in the unit.
  • the display unit 5 is an LCD liquid crystal panel.
  • the 3D image displayed and output by the LCD liquid crystal panel is formed by staggered and fused odd-numbered columns and even-numbered columns of the left and right parallax images.
  • the screen of the display unit is refreshed.
  • the rate is greater than or equal to 60Hz.
  • a hybrid image display module composed of a triangular microstructure directional dichroic film 6 and an LCD liquid crystal panel is used to replace the traditional high refresh rate display screen that alternately refreshes the left eye parallax image and the right eye parallax image, solving the latter problem.
  • the temporal crosstalk problem occurs during the image refresh process.
  • the directional backlight module 3 includes several backlight units 31 (four are shown in FIG. 1 ).
  • the light beam emitted by each backlight unit 31 is shaped into a directional light beam through the light shaping film layer 4.
  • the directional light beam is loaded with images and beams through the display unit 5 and the triangular microstructure directional light splitting film 6.
  • the 3D image displayed by the display unit 5 It includes a left-eye parallax image and a right-eye parallax image, and its odd-numbered columns and even-numbered columns respectively display the left-eye parallax image and the right-eye parallax image.
  • the triangular microstructure directional light splitting film is composed of several triangular prism array units, and each triangular prism
  • the array unit corresponds to two columns of pixels, both of which cover the left eye parallax image display pixels and the right eye parallax image display pixels.
  • the 3D image displayed by the display unit is projected by the triangular microstructure directional dichroic film and then incident on the left and right pupils of different viewers.
  • the virtual human eye pupil 7 is located in the middle of the human eye pupil 8.
  • the backlight module 3 When the backlight module 3 is turned on, the light beam emitted by the backlight unit 31 is also incident on the virtual human eye pupil.
  • the light beam emitted by the backlight unit 31 undergoes light shaping.
  • the film layer 4 is shaped into a directional light beam, and is loaded with images and beams through the LCD liquid crystal panel and the triangular microstructure directional light splitting film 6, accurately projecting the left and right different parallax images to the pupils 8 of the person's eyes, making the viewer (single or multiple People) can simultaneously view free stereoscopic images with slight loss of resolution at any angle without the assistance of additional equipment.
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the geometric optical relationship between the triangular microstructure directional light-splitting film and the display unit pixels, viewers, and viewing distance in a non-flicker directional backlight naked-eye 3D display device for multi-person viewing.
  • the triangular microstructure directional light splitting film 6 is pasted and covered on the LCD liquid crystal panel.
  • the light shaping film layer 4 is composed of a lens array film 206 and a linear diffusion film 205.
  • the lens array of the lens array film 206 is a linear Fresnel lens array. , reducing the loss of resolution.
  • the triangular microstructure directional light splitting film is composed of several triangular prism array units.
  • Each triangular prism array unit corresponds to two columns of pixels, that is, each triangular prism array unit Covering two columns of pixels on the LCD panel, they are left-eye display pixels 204 and right-eye display pixels 203.
  • the left-eye display pixels 204 input the left-eye parallax image through the image control module 1
  • the right-eye display pixels 203 input the left-eye parallax image through the image control module 111.
  • the triangular microstructure directional dichroic film 6 is not used, the left eye parallax image and the right eye parallax image are projected together to the virtual human eye pupil 7 position, and the parallax images cannot be separated.
  • the parallax image of the left eye is deflected and projected to the pupil of the left eye through the triangular microstructure directional dichroic film 6, and the parallax image of the right eye is deflected and projected by the triangular microstructure directional dichroic film 6 to the pupil of the right eye, and after synthesis by the brain, the viewer can observe a three-dimensional image.
  • the parameters of the triangular microstructure directional light-splitting film 6 depend on the overall parameters of the device.
  • setting P, S, L and n1 can calculate the triangular prism cross-section height h shown in Figure 5.
  • Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of the proposed naked-eye 3D display device in a 3D state that can be viewed by multiple people at the same time.
  • Each backlight unit is composed of a plurality of LED light bars with different spacing between the light shaping film layers.
  • the LED light bar combination Forming a polygonal structure, the polygon is formed by fitting the free curve of the focal plane of the lens unit.
  • the combination of LED light bars in different backlight units illuminates the entire display area where the viewer is located.
  • the light transmission situation can be seen in Figure 6.
  • the polygonal structure formed by the combination of LED light bars Closer to the true focal plane shape of the lens, the combination of LED light bars in different backlight units illuminates the entire display area where the viewer is located.
  • the image control module 1 inputs the stereoscopic image format formed by interlacing the odd and even columns of the left eye parallax image and the right eye parallax image into the LCD panel.
  • the LED light bar on the backlight module is turned on simultaneously, and the light shaping and diffusion film layer is 4, the light emitted by the first LED light bar combination 304 is only projected to the first viewer 301.
  • the three-dimensional image displayed by the LCD liquid crystal panel is also loaded in the light beam, and the triangular microstructure directional light splitting Under the action of the film 6, the left eye parallax image and the right eye parallax image are respectively projected to the left and right pupils of the first viewer.
  • the backlight unit only needs to light up a group of LED light bars corresponding to the viewer's pupils.
  • Each group of LED light bars includes multiple columns of light bars; if it is viewed by N viewers, the backlight unit The unit needs to light up and turn on N groups of LED light bars corresponding to the pupils of N viewers.
  • the viewer's face picture is captured through the eye tracking module 2 mentioned in Embodiment 1, and the face picture is transmitted to the image control module 1, After analysis and processing by the image control module 1, the influence control module 1 controls the directional backlight module to light up the LED light bar corresponding to the viewer based on the analysis results.
  • the light beam is shaped into a directional light beam through the light shaping film layer, and the half-maximum width of the image formed at the viewing location of the viewer is not greater than the interpupillary distance S of the viewer's eyes.
  • the light emitted by the second LED light bar combination 303 is only projected to the second viewer 302, and at the same time, the three-dimensional image displayed by the LCD liquid crystal panel is also loaded in the light beam.
  • the structural directional dichroic film 4 the same left eye parallax image and right parallax image as those of the first viewer 304 are respectively projected to the left and right eye pupils of the second viewer. Therefore, two people can see the same 3D image at the same time.
  • the polygonal backlight structure is closer to the true focal plane shape of the lens, and to increase the number of viewers, it is only necessary to add a combination of turned on backlight lamp beads and track them synchronously, simplifying the traditional multi-person naked-eye 3D display device and allowing two or more people to experience it at the same time. There is no significant decrease in resolution and no significant increase in crosstalk.

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  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提出一种用于多人观看的不闪式指向背光裸眼3D显示装置，涉及裸眼3D显示的技术领域，通过影像控制模块将影像数据转换为3D影像，通过显示单元、三棱形微结构定向分光膜及指向背光模组的配合，向第一或第N观看者输出视差3D画面，借助于人眼追踪模块采集的显示区人眼位置信号确定观看者数，指向背光模组仅需对应随观看者人数增加开启的背光单元数，无需多余的光学装置，简化了裸眼3D显示装置，指向背光模组提供运动视差，三棱形微结构定向分光膜提供双目视差，使得分辨率仅在横向上损失一半，纵向保持不变，能够实现单人或多人的超清立体画面，且无需高刷新率的液晶屏幕进行时分复用的视差图像显示，减小了显示数据带宽和切换闪烁。

Description

一种用于多人观看的不闪式指向背光裸眼3D显示装置 技术领域
本发明涉及裸眼3D显示的技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种用于多人观看的不闪式指向背光裸眼3D显示装置。
背景技术
裸眼3D显示技术广泛应用于教育、商业、医疗等领域，能提供给人类较好的3D视觉体验，但其仍存在部分缺陷，诸如分辨率损失、串扰较高以及出屏较小等，随着4K、8K液晶面板的普及，其分辨率损失问题可以满足人们所需，然其光栅或柱镜与LCD面板像素级别的校准仍难以大批量生产与普及，串扰较高的问题尚未解决。
指向背光裸眼3D技术以像源与光源独立的技术，以不损失分辨率的形式，实现3D图像的呈现，解决了分辨率损失问题，不仅兼容市面多种3D电影、3D游戏，也避免了传统3D技术逆视现象的产生，主要由指向性背光源，透镜阵列以及图像显示层以及线性扩散片等光学器件组成。其中，图像显示器件以120HZ或240HZ刷新率的液晶面板为主。当刷新左眼图像同时，左眼相应LED开启；刷新右眼图像同时，右眼相应LED开启，由于其单眼刷新率>60HZ，因此不会屏闪现象发生。另外，也无需像素级别的透镜与LCD匹配，易加工。但仍存在部分缺陷，诸如受限于透镜焦距仅有一个最佳观看距离体验高显示质量的3D图像，即纵向观看距离受限，而且，观看者数量、闪烁问题、视区对应背光灯确定问题、宽视区造成的边缘亮度下降问题以及串扰值、均匀性相互矛盾的问题也使此技术备受关注。
现有技术中公开了一种无损超清分辨率、适于多人同时观看的裸眼3D显示装置，其中，影像输出模块将影像数据转换为对应格式的3D影像，指向背光模组连接于显示输出模块，指向背光模组包括多个U型背光单元，每个单元包括多个与透镜间距不相同的LED灯条，不同背光单元中LED灯条组合可照明整个显示范围，显示模块与背光单元同步地控制，通过显示模块对第一观看者、第二观看者输出左眼或者右眼对应的3D画面，同时开启与第一观看者或第二观看者 的左眼或者右眼对应的背光单元，在透镜作用下，给单人或多人无额外设备辅助下可同时观看无分辨率损失的自由立体图像，甚至不同体验者可看到不同画面自由立体图像，以密集视区及实时调整视区方式降低横、纵向移动时不可避免的静态、动态闪烁强度，但其像源与光源不独立，串扰高，而且在多人观看下，纵向的显示分辨率会受到损失，无法实现高质量的多人观看裸眼3D显示。
发明内容
为解决用于多人观看的裸眼3D显示装置串扰高、分辨率损失大的问题，本发明提出一种用于多人观看的不闪式指向背光裸眼3D显示装置，减小了显示数据带宽和切换闪烁，且显示分辨率仅在横向上损失一半，纵向保持不变，能够实现单人或多人的超清立体画面。
为了达到上述技术效果，本发明的技术方案如下：
一种用于多人观看的不闪式指向背光裸眼3D显示装置，包括：影像控制模块、人眼追踪模块、指向背光模组、光整形膜层、显示单元、三棱形微结构定向分光膜，三棱形微结构定向分光膜覆盖粘贴于显示单元上；所述影像控制模块将影像数据转换为3D影像，影像控制模块分别连接指向背光模组、人眼追踪模块和显示单元，提取人眼追踪模块采集的人眼位置信号，并同步将人眼位置信号发送至指向背光模组，且控制显示单元的显示输出；指向背光模组包括若干个背光单元，每一个背光单元发射的光束经过光整形膜层整形为指向性光束，指向性光束经显示单元和三棱形微结构定向分光膜加载图像和分束，显示单元显示的3D影像包括左眼视差图像和右眼视差图像，其奇数列和偶数列分别显示左眼视差图像与右眼视差图像，三棱形微结构定向分光膜由若干个三棱柱阵列单元组成，每个三棱柱阵列单元对应两列像素，均覆盖左眼视差图像显示像素和右眼视差图像显示像素，显示单元显示的3D影像经三棱形微结构定向分光膜投射后入射到不同的观看者左右眼瞳孔。
在本技术方案中，通过影像控制模块将影像数据转换为对应格式的3D影像，通过显示单元、三棱形微结构定向分光膜以及指向背光模组的配合，向第一或第N观看者输出视差3D画面，在多人观看时，借助于人眼追踪模块采集的显示区人眼位置信号确定观看者数，指向背光模组仅需对应随观看者人数增加开启的背光单元数，无需多余的光学装置，简化了裸眼3D显示装置，指向背光模组提供运动视差，三棱形微结构定向分光膜提供双目视差，使得分辨率仅在横向上损失 一半，纵向保持不变，能够实现单人或多人的超清立体画面，且无需高刷新率的液晶屏幕进行时分复用的视差图像显示，减小了显示数据带宽和切换闪烁，实现了低串扰的高质量多人观看裸眼3D显示。
优选地，所述显示单元为LCD液晶面板。
优选地，LCD液晶面板所显示输出的3D影像由左、右视差图像的奇数列和偶数列交错融合而成。
优选地，显示单元的屏幕刷新率大于或者等于60Hz，不需要高刷新率的显示单元，降低了刷新率要求，节省了装置成本。
优选地，设显示单元每个像素的宽度为P，三棱形微结构定向分光膜中三棱柱的截面高为h，多个观看者中任意一个观看者双眼瞳距为S，三棱柱的材料折射率为n1，最佳观看距离为L，则三棱形微结构定向分光膜中三棱柱的截面高h与显示单元每个像素的宽度P、多个观看者中任意一个观看者双眼瞳距S、最佳观看距离L的几何光学关系为：
Figure PCTCN2022093140-appb-000001
优选地，所述光整形膜层由透镜阵列膜和线性扩散膜组成，所述透镜阵列膜的透镜阵列为线性菲涅尔透镜阵列。
优选地，每一个背光单元由多个与光整形膜层间距不同的LED灯条组成，LED灯条组合形成多边形结构，多边形由透镜单元焦面自由曲线拟合而成，不同背光单元中LED灯条组合照明观看者所在的整个显示区。
在此，LED灯条组合形成的多边形结构更接近于透镜的真实焦面形状，不同背光单元中LED灯条组合照明观看者所在的整个显示区，在观看者数目增加时，只需增加开启背光单元LED灯条的组合并且同步跟踪，单人或多人体验时的分辨率损失降低，产生的串扰也降低。
优选地，所述人眼追踪模块包括双目红外摄像头及辅助双目红外摄像头的红外补光灯，所述双目红外摄像头捕捉观看者人脸图片，并将人脸图片传输至所述影像控制模块，影像控制模块将人脸图片分析处理后，根据分析结果，控制所述指向背光模组点亮观看者对应的LED灯条。
优选地，若仅供单名观看者观看，则背光单元仅需点亮开启与观看者瞳孔对 应的一组LED灯条，每组LED灯条包括多列灯条；若供N名观看者观看，则背光单元需点亮开启与N名观看者瞳孔对应的N组LED灯条。
优选地，所述背光单元点亮开启多列LED灯条组合发射光束时，发射的光束经过光整形膜层整形为指向性光束，在观看者观看处所成的像半高宽不大于观看者双眼瞳距S。
与现有技术相比，本发明技术方案的有益效果是：
本发明提出一种用于多人观看的不闪式指向背光裸眼3D显示装置，通过影像控制模块将影像数据转换为对应格式的3D影像，通过显示单元、三棱形微结构定向分光膜以及指向背光模组的配合，向第一或第N观看者输出视差3D画面，在多人观看时，借助于人眼追踪模块采集的显示区人眼位置信号确定观看者数，指向背光模组仅需对应随观看者人数增加开启的背光单元数，无需多余的光学装置，简化了裸眼3D显示装置，指向背光模组提供运动视差，三棱形微结构定向分光膜提供双目视差，使得分辨率仅在横向上损失一半，纵向保持不变，能够实现单人或多人的超清立体画面，且无需高刷新率的液晶屏幕进行时分复用的视差图像显示，减小了显示数据带宽和切换闪烁，实现了低串扰的高质量多人观看裸眼3D显示。
附图说明
图1表示本发明实施例1中提出的用于多人观看的不闪式指向背光裸眼3D显示装置的整体结构组成示意图；
图2表示本发明实施例1中提出的影像控制模块将影像数据转换为3D影像的示意图；
图3表示图2中3D影像表示的左眼视差图像示意图；
图4表示图2中3D影像表示的右眼视差图像示意图；
图5表示本发明实施例2中提出的用于多人观看的不闪式指向背光裸眼3D显示装置中三棱形微结构定向分光膜与显示单元像素、观看者、观看距离的几何光学关系示意图；
图6表示本发明实施例3中提出的多人同时观看的裸眼3D显示装置3D状态下的示意图。
其中，1-影像控制模块；2-人眼追踪模块；3-指向背光模组；4-光整形膜层；5-显示单元；6-三棱形微结构定向分光膜；7-虚拟人眼瞳孔；8-人双眼瞳孔；31- 背光单元；204-左眼显示像素；203-右眼显示像素；301-第一观看者；302-第二观看者；303-第二LED灯条组合；304-第一LED灯条组合。
具体实施方式
附图仅用于示例性说明，不能理解为对本专利的限制；
为了更好地说明本实施例，附图某些部位会有省略、放大或缩小，并不代表实际尺寸；
对于本领域技术人员来说，附图中某些公知内容说明可能省略是可以理解的。
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明的技术方案做进一步的说明。
附图中描述位置关系的仅用于示例性说明，不能理解为对本专利的限制；
实施例1
如图1所示，本实施例提出一种用于多人观看的不闪式指向背光裸眼3D显示装置，参见图1，该装置包括：影像控制模块1、人眼追踪模块2、指向背光模组3、光整形膜层4、显示单元5、三棱形微结构定向分光膜6，三棱形微结构定向分光膜6覆盖粘贴于显示单元5上；影像控制模块1将影像数据转换为3D影像，影像控制模块分别连接指向背光模组3、人眼追踪模块2和显示单元5，提取人眼追踪模块2采集的人眼位置信号，并同步将人眼位置信号发送至指向背光模组3，且控制显示单元5的显示输出。
其中，影像控制模块1将影像数据转换为3D影像的示意图如图2所示，在实际实施时，人眼追踪模块2包括双目红外摄像头及辅助双目红外摄像头的红外补光灯，双目红外摄像头捕捉观看者人脸图片，并将人脸图片传输至所述影像控制模块1，影像控制模块1将人脸图片分析处理后，根据分析结果，控制所述指向背光模组点亮观看者对应的LED灯条，图3表示3D影像表示的左眼视差图像，图4表示3D影像的右眼视差图，影像控制模块控制左眼视差图像及右眼视差图像重叠而成的混合图像在显示单元中进行显示，在本实施例中，显示单元5为LCD液晶面板，LCD液晶面板所显示输出的3D影像由左、右视差图像的奇数列和偶数列交错融合而成，显示单元的屏幕刷新率大于或者等于60Hz，使用三棱形微结构定向分光膜6和LCD液晶面板组成的混合影像显示模块代替传统交替刷新左眼视差图像和右眼视差图像的高刷新率显示屏幕，解决了后者在图像刷新过程中产生的时间串扰问题。
参见图1，指向背光模组3包括若干个背光单元31(图1中显示为4个)。 每一个背光单元31发射的光束经过光整形膜层4整形为指向性光束，指向性光束经显示单元5和三棱形微结构定向分光膜6加载图像和分束，显示单元5显示的3D影像包括左眼视差图像和右眼视差图像，其奇数列和偶数列分别显示左眼视差图像与右眼视差图像，三棱形微结构定向分光膜由若干个三棱柱阵列单元组成，每个三棱柱阵列单元对应两列像素，均覆盖左眼视差图像显示像素和右眼视差图像显示像素，显示单元显示的3D影像经三棱形微结构定向分光膜投射后入射到不同的观看者左右眼瞳孔，在图1中，虚拟人眼瞳孔7位于人双眼瞳孔8的正中间，在指向背光模组3开启背光单元31发射的光束同样入射于虚拟人眼瞳孔中，背光单元31发射的光束经过光整形膜层4整形为指向性光束，通过LCD液晶面板和三棱形微结构定向分光膜6加载图像和分束，将左右不同视差图像精确投射到人双眼瞳孔8，使得观看者(单人或者多人)在无额外设备辅助下，可任意角度同时观看分辨率微损失的自由立体图像。
实施例2
图5表示用于多人观看的不闪式指向背光裸眼3D显示装置中三棱形微结构定向分光膜与显示单元像素、观看者、观看距离的几何光学关系示意图，如图5所示，可以看出三棱形微结构定向分光膜6粘贴覆盖于LCD液晶面板上，光整形膜层4由透镜阵列膜206和线性扩散膜205组成，透镜阵列膜206的透镜阵列为线性菲涅尔透镜阵列，降低了分辨率损失，如实施例1中所提，三棱形微结构定向分光膜由若干个三棱柱阵列单元组成，每个三棱柱阵列单元对应两列像素，即每个三棱柱阵列单元覆盖LCD液晶面板两列像素，分别为左眼显示像素204和右眼显示像素203，其中，左眼显示像素204通过影像控制模块1输入左眼视差图像，右眼显示像素203通过影像控制模块111输入右眼视差图像，在不使用三棱形微结构定向分光膜6时，左眼视差图像和右眼视差图像一起投射到虚拟人眼瞳孔7位置，视差图像不能够分离。在增加三棱形微结构定向分光膜6后，左眼视差图像经过三棱形微结构定向分光膜6偏转投射到左眼瞳孔，右眼视差图像经过三棱形微结构定向分光膜6偏转投射到右眼瞳孔，经过大脑合成，观看者能够观察到立体图像。三棱形微结构定向分光膜6的参数取决于装置的整体参数，结合图5，设显示单元每个像素的宽度为P，三棱形微结构定向分光膜中三棱柱的截面高为h，多个观看者中任意一个观看者双眼瞳距为S，三棱柱的材料折射率为n1，最佳观看距离为L，则三棱形微结构定向分光膜中三棱柱的截面高h 与显示单元每个像素的宽度P、多个观看者中任意一个观看者双眼瞳距S、最佳观看距离L的几何光学关系为：
Figure PCTCN2022093140-appb-000002
因此，设定P,S,L和n1可计算图5所示的三棱柱截面高h。
实施例3
在本实施例中，图6表示提出的多人同时观看的裸眼3D显示装置3D状态下的示意图，每一个背光单元由多个与光整形膜层间距不同的LED灯条组成，LED灯条组合形成多边形结构，多边形由透镜单元焦面自由曲线拟合而成，不同背光单元中LED灯条组合照明观看者所在的整个显示区，光线传输情况可参见图6，LED灯条组合形成的多边形结构更接近于透镜的真实焦面形状，不同背光单元中LED灯条组合照明观看者所在的整个显示区，在观看者数目增加时，只需增加开启背光单元LED灯条的组合并且同步跟踪，单人或多人体验时的分辨率损失降低，产生的串扰也降低。
影像控制模块1向LCD液晶面板输入左眼视差图像与右眼视差图像的奇数列和偶数列交错融合而成的立体图像格式，背光模组上的LED灯条同步打开，在光整形扩散膜层4的作用下，第一LED灯条组合304发出的光仅投射向第一观看者301，同时所述LCD液晶面板显示的立体图像也加载在光束中，在所述三棱形微结构定向分光膜6的作用下，将左眼视差图像和右眼视差图像分别投射向第一观看者的左、右眼瞳孔。
若仅供单名观看者观看，则背光单元仅需点亮开启与观看者瞳孔对应的一列组LED灯条，每组LED灯条包括多列灯条；若供N名观看者观看，则背光单元需点亮开启与N名观看者瞳孔对应的N组LED灯条。这里是单名观看者还是N名观看者，即是通过实施例1中提及的人眼追踪模块2捕捉到的观看者人脸图片，并将人脸图片传输至所述影像控制模块1，影像控制模块1分析处理后所得，影响控制模块1根据分析结果，控制所述指向背光模组点亮观看者对应的LED灯条，背光单元点亮开启多列LED灯条组合发射光束时，发射的光束经过光整形膜层整形为指向性光束，在观看者观看处所成的像半高宽不大于观看者双眼瞳距S。
结合图6，具体而言，第二LED灯条组合303发出的光仅投射向第二观看者302，同时所述LCD液晶面板显示的立体图像也加载在光束中，在所述三棱形微结构定向分光膜4的作用下，将与第一观看者304相同的左眼视差图像与右视差图像分别投射向第二观看者的左右眼瞳孔，因此，双人可同时看到相同的3D图像。此外，由于多边形背光结构更接近于透镜的真实焦面形状，以及增加观看者只需增加开启背光灯珠组合并且同步跟踪，简化了传统的多人裸眼3D显示装置，同时双人或多人体验时分辨率没有明显下降，串扰没有明显提高。
显然，本发明的上述实施例仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于多人观看的不闪式指向背光裸眼3D显示装置，其特征在于，包括：影像控制模块、人眼追踪模块、指向背光模组、光整形膜层、显示单元及三棱形微结构定向分光膜，三棱形微结构定向分光膜覆盖粘贴于显示单元上；所述影像控制模块将影像数据转换为3D影像，影像控制模块分别连接指向背光模组、人眼追踪模块和显示单元，提取人眼追踪模块采集的人眼位置信号，并同步将人眼位置信号发送至指向背光模组，且控制显示单元的显示输出；指向背光模组包括若干个背光单元，每一个背光单元发射的光束经过光整形膜层整形为指向性光束，指向性光束经显示单元和三棱形微结构定向分光膜加载图像和分束，显示单元显示的3D影像包括左眼视差图像和右眼视差图像，其奇数列和偶数列分别显示左眼视差图像与右眼视差图像，三棱形微结构定向分光膜由若干个三棱柱阵列单元组成，每个三棱柱阵列单元对应两列像素，均覆盖左眼视差图像显示像素和右眼视差图像显示像素，显示单元显示的3D影像经三棱形微结构定向分光膜投射后入射到不同的观看者左右眼瞳孔。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于多人观看的不闪式指向背光裸眼3D显示装置，其特征在于，所述显示单元为LCD液晶面板。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的用于多人观看的不闪式指向背光裸眼3D显示装置，其特征在于，LCD液晶面板所显示输出的3D影像由左、右视差图像的奇数列和偶数列交错融合而成。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的用于多人观看的不闪式指向背光裸眼3D显示装置，其特征在于，显示单元的屏幕刷新率大于或者等于60Hz。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的用于多人观看的不闪式指向背光裸眼3D显示装置，其特征在于，设显示单元每个像素的宽度为P，三棱形微结构定向分光膜中三棱柱的截面高为h，多个观看者中任意一个观看者双眼瞳距为S，三棱柱的材料折射率为n1，最佳观看距离为L，则三棱形微结构定向分光膜中三棱柱的截面高h与显示单元每个像素的宽度P、多个观看者中任意一个观看者双眼瞳距S、最佳观看距离L的几何光学关系为：
    Figure PCTCN2022093140-appb-100001
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的用于多人观看的不闪式指向背光裸眼3D显示装置，其特征在于，所述光整形膜层由透镜阵列膜和线性扩散膜组成，所述透镜阵列膜的透镜阵列为线性菲涅尔透镜阵列。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的用于多人观看的不闪式指向背光裸眼3D显示装置，其特征在于，每一个背光单元由多个与光整形膜层间距不同的LED灯条组成，LED灯条组合形成多边形结构，多边形由透镜单元焦面自由曲线拟合而成，不同背光单元中LED灯条组合照明观看者所在的整个显示区。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的用于多人观看的不闪式指向背光裸眼3D显示装置，其特征在于，所述人眼追踪模块包括双目红外摄像头及辅助双目红外摄像头的红外补光灯，所述双目红外摄像头捕捉观看者人脸图片，并将人脸图片传输至所述影像控制模块，影像控制模块将人脸图片分析处理后，根据分析结果，控制所述指向背光模组点亮观看者对应的LED灯条。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的用于多人观看的不闪式指向背光裸眼3D显示装置，其特征在于，若仅供单名观看者观看，则背光单元仅需点亮开启与观看者瞳孔对应的一组LED灯条，每组LED灯条包括多列灯条；若供N名观看者观看，则背光单元需点亮开启与N名观看者瞳孔对应的N组LED灯条。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的用于多人观看的不闪式指向背光裸眼3D显示装置，其特征在于，所述背光单元点亮开启多列LED灯条组合发射光束时，发射的光束经过光整形膜层整形为指向性光束，在观看者观看处所成的像半高宽不大于观看者双眼瞳距S。
PCT/CN2022/093140 2022-04-18 2022-05-16 一种用于多人观看的不闪式指向背光裸眼3d显示装置 WO2023201806A1 (zh)

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