WO2023198465A1

WO2023198465A1 - Method for determining a setpoint value of a charging output for charging a battery of a vehicle by means of a charging device

Info

Publication number: WO2023198465A1
Application number: PCT/EP2023/058243
Authority: WO
Inventors: Michael Hilsch; Robert Kaps; Benedikt Alt
Original assignee: Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date: 2022-04-13
Filing date: 2023-03-30
Publication date: 2023-10-19
Also published as: DE102022203741A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for determining a setpoint value of a charging output for charging a battery (32) of a vehicle (30) by means of a charging device (12), the charging device (12) being electrically connectable to a photovoltaic system (14) and to a consumer system (20), comprising the following steps: - reading in an item of output information which represents a difference between actual values of an output provided by the photovoltaic system (14) and an output removed by the consumer system (20) and a charging output provided by the charging device (12) for the charging of the battery (32) of the vehicle (30); and - determining the setpoint value of the charging output on the basis of the output information using a control algorithm by means of a computing unit (28), wherein the determined setpoint value of the charging output represents a surplus of the provided output, in order to charge the battery (32) of the vehicle (30) with the determined setpoint value of the charging output by means of the charging device (12).

Description

title

Method for determining a target value of a charging power for charging a battery of a vehicle using a charging device

The invention relates to a method for determining a target value of a charging power for charging a battery of a vehicle by means of a charging device, a computing unit, a charging device and a system, as well as a corresponding computer program and a storage medium.

State of the art

In 2020 it turned out that around 89 percent of house roofs in Germany are not yet equipped with a photovoltaic system. In order to make greater use of this potential for generating renewable energy, the legislature plans to require a photovoltaic system to be included in both new buildings and renovations of old buildings. In addition, in recent years, the legislature has paid several hundred million euros in subsidies to private households so that appropriate charging facilities (so-called wallboxes) for battery-electric vehicles can be created in private environments. Both measures are an essential part of transforming mobility and help reduce dependence on fossil fuels. In this context, when operating photovoltaic systems, charging stations and battery-electric vehicles together, one should ensure that a high proportion of the available solar energy is actually consumed by the vehicle or other electrical devices in private households and that unnecessary amounts of energy do not have to be purchased from the power grid. If a so-called surplus of electrical power nevertheless arises, this power is fed into the power grid and compensated for.

Assuming that the battery-electric vehicle can absorb the solar energy generated during the day, there are different strategies for operating the wallbox, which differ in their complexity, the effort required for implementation and ultimately also in the acquisition costs differentiate. In the simplest case, it is a time-based control in which the charging device is switched on at a certain time and switched off again a few hours later. During this period, the battery in the vehicle is charged with constant electrical power. Of course, it can happen that fluctuations in the solar power generated are not taken into account and, for example, in the event of drops due to cloud formation, corresponding electrical power has to be purchased. In addition, excess solar energy cannot be absorbed by the vehicle's battery. If you also have a measuring device available with which you can determine the solar energy generated and the energy fed into the power grid, the charging power for the battery-electric vehicle can be adjusted very well and you can then ensure that your own consumption is optimized. However, with this controlled approach, the new measuring device leads to significantly higher system complexity and significantly higher acquisition costs.

DE 10 2013 002 078 A1 discloses a method for charging an electrical energy storage device of a vehicle. The energy storage device is coupled to a charging device. At least one charging profile is determined and set depending on user specifications and boundary conditions. According to the invention, the energy storage device is charged at least with electrical solar energy generated from solar radiation by means of a solar system of the charging device, with at least one departure time specified by the user and, as a boundary condition, an available amount of solar energy being taken into account when determining and setting the charging profile.

Disclosure of the invention

According to a first aspect, the subject of the present invention is a method for determining a target value of a charging power for charging a battery of a vehicle by means of a charging device according to claim 1. Here, the charging device is electrically connectable, in particular electrically connected, to a photovoltaic system and a consumer system.

The method includes a step of reading in performance information, which is a difference between actual values of a power provided by the photovoltaic system and a power provided by the consumer system power removed and a charging power provided by the charging device for charging the battery of the vehicle. That is, in other words, the performance information represents a difference between an actual value of the power provided by the photovoltaic system and an actual value of the power taken by means of the consumer system and an actual value of the charging power provided by the charging device for charging the battery of the vehicle.

The method further comprises a step of determining the target value of the charging power based on the performance information using a control algorithm by means of a computing unit, wherein the determined target value of the charging power represents an excess of the power provided in order to charge the battery of the vehicle with the target value of the determined charging power the charging device.

According to a second aspect, the subject of the present invention is a computing unit for determining a charging power for charging a battery of a vehicle by means of a charging device according to claim 7.

According to a third aspect, the subject of the present invention is a charging device for charging a battery of a vehicle according to claim 8.

According to a fourth aspect, the subject of the present invention is a system for charging a battery of a vehicle according to claim 9.

According to a further aspect, the subject of the present invention is a computer program and a machine-readable storage medium.

The vehicle comprises a battery which is designed to at least partially supply a drive unit, in particular an electric motor, of the vehicle with electrical energy. It is conceivable that the vehicle is a battery-electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. The vehicle may be a land vehicle, an aircraft or a watercraft. For example, the vehicle is a car, a truck, an e-bike, an electrically powered helicopter or an electrically powered boat. The vehicle includes a charging interface, which is electrically connectable to a charging interface of the charging device in order to charge or discharge the battery of the vehicle.

The charging device comprises at least one further charging interface in order to connect the charging device directly or indirectly to the photovoltaic system and/or the consumer system. The charging device is preferably designed as a wallbox. It is conceivable that the charging device is arranged on an infrastructure element or a building.

The photovoltaic system includes one or more photovoltaic modules and an inverter. The photovoltaic modules are arranged, for example, on a roof of a building. The photovoltaic system is designed to provide electrical power generated by the photovoltaic modules and converted into alternating current by means of the inverter. The photovoltaic system can also include one or more electrical storage units, for example battery storage, which are designed to absorb or remove power provided in particular by photovoltaic modules of the photovoltaic system and to temporarily store it. The storage unit of the photovoltaic system is designed to provide the stored electrical energy to the charging device.

The consumer system includes one or more consumers different from the vehicle, which are preferably arranged on or in the building. The consumer system can also include one or more electrical storage units, for example battery storage, which are designed to absorb or remove and store power provided in particular by the photovoltaic system. The storage unit of the consumer system is designed to provide the stored electrical energy to the charging device.

Preferably, the charging device, the photovoltaic system and the consumer system are indirectly electrically connected or connected to one another by means of a distribution unit, in particular arranged on or in the building. In the context of the present application, an actual value of a service can be understood to mean a current or current value of the service. In the context of the present application, a target value of a service can be understood as a determined value of the service into which the actual value of the service is to be or is being transferred, in particular in the sense of a regulation.

The reading of the performance information is preferably preceded by a step of sensory detection or measurement of the difference between the actual values of the power provided by the photovoltaic system and the power taken by the consumer system and the charging power provided by the charging device for charging the battery of the vehicle.

It is conceivable that the difference is recorded or measured, for example, at an interface to an electrical supply network. For example, the difference can be recorded as a power delivered to the electrical supply network or provided by the electrical supply network. It is also conceivable that the actual values are first recorded separately or individually and then the difference is determined based on the separately or individually recorded actual values. Detecting or measuring the power or the power difference can be done, for example, by means of an electrical power measuring unit.

The performance information is in particular a digital or analog signal which represents the difference between the actual values of the power provided by the photovoltaic system and the power taken by the consumer system and the charging power provided by the charging device for charging the battery of the vehicle.

Reading in the performance information can include reading in or reading out the performance information from a, in particular temporary, storage medium.

Determining the setpoint of the charging power based on the read power information using a control algorithm is preferably a calculation of the charging power depending on the difference between the actual values. Depending on the quality of the control algorithm, the determined can Charging power may deviate from an actual surplus of power. An excess of power provided can be understood to mean a difference between the power provided by the photovoltaic system and the power consumed by the consumer system, the difference preferably being positive.

The control algorithm is set up to regulate the difference between the actual values of the power provided by the photovoltaic system and the power taken by means of the consumer system and the charging power provided by the charging device for charging the battery of the vehicle to a predetermined target value, preferably zero, in order to achieve this not to import power from a supply network to charge the vehicle's battery.

The control algorithm advantageously includes a controller with an integral component. For example, the controller can be an integral controller, a proportional-integral controller or a proportional-integral-derivative controller. This means that the control algorithm is set up to regulate as precisely as possible to the specified setpoint.

The computing unit can have one or more hardware and/or software interfaces in order to read in or receive the performance information. The computing unit can have one or more hardware and/or software modules in order to determine or calculate the target value of the charging power. The computing unit can have a hardware and/or software interface in order to output a signal with information regarding the determined setpoint of the charging power.

The computing unit can be arranged on the charging device, in particular integrated into the charging device. The computing unit can also be arranged away from the charging device, for example within a building, or be part of a cloud computing environment. The computing unit arranged away from the charging device is connected to the charging device wirelessly or by wire in order to transmit an analog or digital signal with information regarding the determined setpoint of the charging power to the charging device. Through the method according to the invention and the computing unit according to the invention, it is now possible to provide a charging strategy for charging a vehicle battery, according to which an actually excess power of a photovoltaic system is used for charging. The present approach makes it possible to make the best possible use of the power provided by a photovoltaic system and to minimize additional power consumption from a supply network or additional feeds into the supply network.

It is advantageous if the control algorithm is set up to determine the setpoint of the charging power taking into account at least one charging property of the charging device, the at least one charging property being selected from: maximum charging power of the charging device, predetermined charging power levels of the charging device. When determining the charging power, both the maximum charging power of the charging device as a first charging characteristic and predetermined charging power levels of the charging device are taken into account as a second charging characteristic. Taking into account the maximum charging power of the charging device can include reducing the determined charging power to the maximum charging power if the determined charging power is greater than the maximum charging power. Taking into account the predetermined charging power levels of the charging device can include increasing or reducing the determined charging power to that of the predetermined charging power levels that deviates minimally, positively or negatively, from the determined charging power. With this configuration, typical non-linear features of the charging device such as:

Power limitations as well as quantization steps for voltage and charging current are taken into account.

It is advantageous here if the control algorithm includes a charging device model with an anti-wind-up feedback in order to take into account the at least one charging characteristic of the charging device when determining the setpoint of the charging power. The anti-wind-up feedback is preferably set up to subtract a difference between an input variable of a charging device model representing at least one charging characteristic of the charging device and an output variable of the charging device model from an input variable of a controller of the control algorithm. Through this With this design, the control quality can be significantly improved and power imports/exports from the supply network can be further reduced.

It is also advantageous if the control algorithm is set up to take into account additional performance information provided, in particular by means of a consumer model, when determining the setpoint value of the charging power, which represents a power consumption, in particular expected, for one or more consumers of the consumer system.

The consumer model can have expected services received for individual consumers for specified points in time or times or time windows, in particular on specified days of the week, optionally at specified months or seasons.

The anticipated services included by the consumer model may be based on one or more user inputs from one or more users. It is conceivable that power values for different times, days, months are entered using a user interface, for example based on estimated values for the consumer's respective power consumption (e.g. maximum values for the power according to a consumer data sheet).

As an alternative to a consumer model, sensory detection or measurement of a power actually consumed by the consumer system can also be provided. According to a further alternative, a power consumed by these consumers can be detected by sensors for one or more consumers of the consumer system and the power consumed by these consumers can be determined for one or more further consumers of the consumer system using a consumer model.

The consumer model can include a lookup table or be based on a data-based model such as Multilayer Perceptron. The lookup table is particularly user-friendly.

The consumer model can be part of a software and/or hardware module of the computing unit. It is also conceivable that the consumer model goes beyond the Computing unit is implemented, for example in a cloud computing environment. In this case, the power determined using the consumer model is transferred to the computing unit. Due to the increased storage resources caused by the cloud computing environment, high-time resolution consumer models can also be realized.

This configuration allows reproducible processes in electrical consumers, especially in private households, to be taken into account when photovoltaic surplus charging, thereby increasing the quality of the control.

It is further advantageous if the method includes a step of charging the battery of the vehicle with the setpoint of the determined charging power by means of the charging device, wherein, in particular, additional power is provided to the charging device by means of a power supply unit only if the setpoint of the determined charging power is greater is as a difference between the power provided by the photovoltaic system and the power taken by means of the consumer system, or a power consumption unit additional power is provided by means of the charging device if the setpoint of the determined charging power is smaller than the difference between the power provided by the photovoltaic system and the power consumed by the consumer system.

That is, in other words, in the event that the setpoint of the determined charging power, which represents a calculated surplus of available power provided by the photovoltaic system, deviates from the actually available surplus, or there is no surplus at all either additional power is provided by the power supply unit to the charging device or power is provided by the charging device to the power consumption unit. The power consumption unit and/or power consumption unit can be a local storage unit, for example an electrical storage unit such as a battery. It is also conceivable that the power consumption unit and/or power consumption unit is designed as an electrical supply network, fed by one or more power plants. This design ensures that the vehicle is actually charged with the target value of the determined charging power, regardless of whether the actual excess power corresponds to the determined excess power.

Also advantageous is a computer program product or computer program with program code, which can be stored on a machine-readable carrier or storage medium such as a semiconductor memory, a hard drive memory or an optical memory and for carrying out, implementing and / or controlling the steps of the method according to one of the embodiments described above is used, especially if the program product or program is executed on a computer or a computing unit.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

Show this

1 shows a schematic representation of an electrical network for a photovoltaic surplus charging of a vehicle;

Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a controlled system;

Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a control circuit according to one

embodiment;

4 is a block diagram of a control loop according to an alternative embodiment;

Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for determining a

Charging power for charging a battery of a vehicle.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an electrical network, which enables photovoltaic excess charging of a battery-electric vehicle 30, for example on a residential building 10. A charging device 12 designed as a wallbox 12, a photovoltaic system 14 with photovoltaic modules 16 and an inverter 18, and a consumer system 20 with one or more electrical consumers are arranged on the residential building 10. Furthermore, the residential building 10 includes an electrical distribution unit 22.

The photovoltaic system 14 is designed to provide electrical power generated by the photovoltaic modules 16 and converted into alternating current by means of the inverter 18 to the consumer system 20, the charging device 12 and / or to a supply network 26 that electrically connects the residential building 10 to a power plant. For this purpose, the distribution unit 22 comprises a plurality of electrical interfaces which are designed to provide an electrical connection between the distribution unit 22 and the inverter 18, between the distribution unit 22 and the consumer system 20, between the distribution unit 22 and the charging device 12 and between the distribution unit 22 and the supply network 26 to enable. According to the present exemplary embodiment, the charging device 10 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic system 14 and the consumer system 20 indirectly via the distribution unit 22.

The charging device 12 is assigned a computing unit 28, which can be arranged on the charging device 12, in particular integrated into the charging device 12. It is also conceivable that the computing unit 28 is arranged away from the charging device 12, for example within the residential building, or is part of a cloud computing environment.

The computing unit 28 is set up to determine a target value of a charging power for charging a battery 32 of the vehicle 30 using the charging device 12. For this purpose, the computing unit 28 includes a processor, a storage medium with a computer program, and at least one communication interface. The computer program includes commands which, when executed by the processor, cause a target value of a charging power for charging the battery 32 of the vehicle 30 to be determined according to the method described below. For this purpose, the computing unit 28 is set up to receive performance information regarding a difference between an actual value of a power provided by the photovoltaic system 14 and an actual value of a power taken by means of the consumer system 20 and an actual value of a charging power provided by means of the charging device 12 for charging the battery 32 of the vehicle 30 to read in. Furthermore, the computing unit 28 is set up to determine the target value of the charging power based on the read power information using a control algorithm. Here, the determined target value of the charging power represents an excess of the power provided in order to charge the battery 32 of the vehicle 30 with the determined charging power using the charging device 12.

2 shows a block diagram of a controlled system 34 on which the charging of the vehicle 30 is based with the determined charging power. The controlled variable or control intervention of the controlled system 34 is the charging power P _batt:re f determined by the computing unit 28 and the controlled variable is one of the supply network 26 provided or a service purchased by means of the supply network or exported into the supply network assigned to P _grid .

Here, the power P _grid , which is exported into the supply network 26 or imported from the supply network 26, corresponds, in simple terms, to a difference between a power P _{so iar} provided by the photovoltaic system 16 and the charging power P _batt , by means of which the battery 32 of the vehicle 30 is charged is, as well as the power Pconsumer> taken by the consumer system 20, which corresponds to the current consumption of all other electrical devices in the residential building 10:

Pgrid Psoiar Pbatt Pconsumer

Furthermore, the controlled system 34 takes into account a first charging property 36 of the charging device 12 and a second charging property 38 of the charging device 12.

The first charging property 36 represents a maximum charging power of the charging device 12, which can be provided by the charging device 12 for charging the battery 32 of the vehicle 30, for example 11 kW. The charging device 12 is set up to charge the battery 32 of the vehicle 30 with the maximum charging power if the determined charging power P _batt:re f exceeds the maximum charging power. It is also conceivable that the first charging property 36 additionally represents a maximum negative charging power of the charging device 12, which can be maximally absorbed by the battery 32 of the vehicle 30 by means of the charging device 12 and made available to the consumer system 20. In this way, using the control algorithm presented, power consumed by the consumer system 20 can also be covered from the battery 32 of the vehicle as an alternative or in addition to the photovoltaic system 14 if there is not enough solar power available.

The second charging property 38 represents predetermined charging power levels of the charging device 12, according to which the charging power that can be provided for charging the battery 32 of the vehicle 30 is discretized, for example 1.4 kW, 3.7 kW, 7.4 kW, 11 kW. The charging device 12 is set up to charge the battery 32 of the vehicle 30 with a charging power which deviates minimally in magnitude or positively or negatively from the determined charging power.

That is, in other words, the controlled system 34 takes into account typical non-linear characteristics of the charging device 12 such as power limitations and quantization steps for voltage and charging current. The non-linear properties of the charging device 12 or wallbox 12 preferably include a quantization of the charging current or the charging power and a lower limit at zero (i.e. no feedback from the vehicle 30 into the charging device 12 or into an electrical network of the residential building 10) as well as a upper limit, which is given by an electrical design of the charging device 12.

A generally non-linear dependence of the charging power P _batt on the charging power P _batt:re f can be mathematically expressed as a function

Pbatt ~ Q (Pbatt, re f), whereby the generally nonlinear function Q maps the input variable P _batt:re f to the output variable P _batt .

3 shows a block diagram of a control loop according to an embodiment. The control circuit is provided in its entirety with the reference number 40 and includes a control algorithm 42 that can be implemented, for example, as software, and the controlled system 34 according to FIG. 2. According to this embodiment, the control algorithm 42 includes an integral controller. It is also conceivable that the control algorithm 42 includes an alternative controller with an integral component, for example a proportional-integral controller (PI controller) or a proportional-integral-derivative controller (PID controller).

The control algorithm 42 is set up to regulate the controlled variable Pg _rid to a predetermined setpoint, in particular Pg _rid = 0, in order to avoid having to purchase any power from the supply network 26.

It is also conceivable that the controlled variable Pg _rid is regulated to a predetermined setpoint Pg _rid > 0 using the control algorithm 42. This allows the next higher power level of the charging device 12 to be selected, so that the solar power provided by the photovoltaic system 14 can be fully used for charging the battery 32 of the vehicle 30 using small amounts of power purchased from the supply network 26.

The control algorithm 42 further includes a charging device model 44 with anti-wind-up feedback. The charging device model 44 represents at least one charging property of the charging device 12, preferably the first charging property 36 and the second charging property 38. For example, the charging device model 44 can include or be set up the function Q described above, a mathematical mapping according to the one described above Execute function Q.

The anti-wind-up feedback is set up to subtract a difference between an input variable of the charging device model 44 and an output variable of the charging device model 44 from an input variable of the integral controller. That is, in other words, an output of the charging device model 44 is subtracted from an input of the charging device model 44 and then connected negatively again to an input of the integrator.

So, typical, in particular non-linear, properties or features of the charging device 12 can already be explicitly taken into account in the control algorithm 42 by means of the charging device model 44 and the anti-wind-up feedback. This prevents the integral component in the controller from stopping running when the charging device 12 is at its performance limit, for example located. This also makes it possible for no switching process to occur from a first to a second power level of the charging device 12 if a value of the manipulated variable lies between two power levels.

Fig. 4 shows a block diagram of a control loop according to an alternative embodiment. The control circuit is provided in its entirety with the reference number 40' and includes a control algorithm 42' that can be implemented, for example, as software, and the controlled system 34 according to FIG. 2.

The control algorithm 42 'represents a time-discrete implementation and data processing of the control algorithm 42 according to FIG. 3, further supplemented by a consumer model.

In this time-discrete implementation, after a sampling step or first step, the control algorithm 42' is executed

Pgrid Pconsumer Psolar Q Pgrid + Pconsumer Psolar) with the function Q described above and P _batt = Q (P _ba tt,ref)-

In this time-discrete implementation, the control algorithm 42 'is set up to minimize a difference between a power P _grid received or purchased from the supply network 26 and a target value of the power P _grid received from the supply network 26, taking into account the charging properties of the charging device 12. In the event that the power levels of the charging device 12 have very small distances with respect to the charging power provided in the respective power level and furthermore the determined charging power is within the performance limits of the charging device 12, the following applies approximately

Q (Pgrid "F Pconsumer P olar) ~ Pgrid + Pconsumer Psolar- Consequently, with the above equation, after the sampling step P _grid = P _grid .

Furthermore, P _batt = p _rid - P _consU mer + Psolar, so that for a preferred setpoint P _grid = 0, the power provided by the photovoltaic system 14 minus the power consumed by the consumer system 20 is provided for charging the battery 32 of the vehicle. The consumer model includes a service that is expected to be purchased for one or more consumers of the consumer system 20, in particular for one or more predetermined points in time. The consumer model includes information regarding a, in particular expected, service P _CO nsumer,prci of one or more, in particular a totality, of the consumers of the consumer system for one or more predetermined points in time or time windows or periods. For this purpose, the consumer model includes, for example, a lookup table. The lookup table can show expected services for individual consumers, such as heat pumps, stoves, ovens, dishwashers, etc. for specified times or times or time windows. Such large consumers in a household have a certain probability of having a reproducible power consumption or power requirement at certain times.

Furthermore, the lookup table can show expected services for individual or all consumers for specified points in time or times or time windows on specified days of the week. This makes it possible to take into account that power consumption or performance requirements can differ, for example, between working days and weekend days.

Furthermore, the lookup table can have expected recorded services for individual or all consumers for predetermined points in time or times or time windows on predetermined days of the week in predetermined months or seasons. This allows seasonal differences to be taken into account.

According to a further embodiment, the power actually consumed by the consumer system can be determined from a measurement of the power P _grid taken from the electrical supply network or delivered to the electrical supply network, for example at a house connection point. For this purpose, the charging power P _batt determined according to the present investigation procedure and the power P _soiar provided by the photovoltaic system are deducted from the power P _grid . It is then possible to use the power consumed by the consumer system P _consU mer = Psoiar ~ Pbatt ~ Pgrid or a difference from consumer power and solar power P _consumer ~ Psoiar = -Pbatt ~ Pgria, if P _{so iar} is not known.

In the case of an adaptive consumer model, existing values in individual cells of a lookup table are replaced by new values if, for example, a new power value P _con sumer or a new value for a power difference P _cons sumer ~ Psoiar has been determined at a certain time. According to this embodiment, the consumer model, in particular the lookup table, includes expected power differences between the power P _con sumer consumed by the consumer system and the power P _{so iar} provided by the photovoltaic system. This is particularly advantageous if the expected performance of the consumer system is not or barely known, for example because consumer behavior of a consumer using the consumer system is not known.

An associated adaptation speed of replacing old with new power values can be selected such that power consumption, which is based in particular on reproducible processes in a household, can be reliably recorded.

It is also conceivable that the, in particular adaptive, consumer model represents a difference P _con sumer ~ Psoiar between consumer power and solar power. In this case, existing values for the difference Pconsumer ~ Psoiar ' ⁿ individual cells of a lookup table are replaced by new values for the difference P _con sumer ~ Psoiar, for example if a new power value P _con sumer ~ Psoiar was determined at a certain time is. This not only shows typical consumption trends over time, day, month, etc., but also directly shows the difference between consumer power and solar power.

By means of the, in particular adaptive, consumer model, actual disturbances in the controlled system can be compensated for by an additional software function, so that the setpoint of the charging power is regulated with a higher quality.

5 shows a flowchart of the method 100 for determining a target value of a charging power for charging a battery of a vehicle using a charging device. The charging device is here with a Photovoltaic system and a consumer system can be electrically connected, in particular connected.

In step 110, performance information is read in, which represents a difference between actual values of a power provided by the photovoltaic system and a power taken by the consumer system and a charging power provided by the charging device for charging the battery of the vehicle.

In step 120, the desired value of the charging power is determined based on the performance information using a control algorithm by means of a computing unit, wherein the determined desired value of the charging power represents an excess of the power provided.

In step 130, the battery of the vehicle is charged with the determined target value of the charging power using the charging device. In particular, additional power is provided to the charging device by means of a power supply unit if the setpoint of the determined charging power is greater than a power difference between a power provided by the photovoltaic system and a power taken by the consumer system. Alternatively, additional power is provided to a power consumption unit by means of the charging device if the determined target value of the charging power is smaller than the power difference between the power provided by the photovoltaic system and the power taken by the consumer system.

Claims

Expectations

1. Method (100) for determining a target value of a charging power for charging a battery (32) of a vehicle (30) by means of a charging device (12), the charging device (12) having a photovoltaic system (14) and a consumer system (20). is electrically connectable, in particular connected, with the following steps:

Reading in (110) performance information, which is a difference between actual values of a power provided by the photovoltaic system (14) and a power taken by the consumer system (20) and a power taken by the charging device (12) for charging the battery (32) of the vehicle ( 30) represents the charging power provided; and

Determining (120) the target value of the charging power based on the read power information using a control algorithm (42, 42') by means of a computing unit (28), the determined target value of the charging power representing an excess of the power provided in order to charge the battery (32). of the vehicle (30) with the determined target value of the charging power by means of the charging device (12).

2. Method (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the control algorithm (42, 42 ') is set up to determine the setpoint of the charging power taking into account at least one charging property (36, 38) of the charging device (12), the at least a charging characteristic (36, 38) is selected from: maximum charging power of the charging device (12), predetermined charging power levels of the charging device (12).

3. Method (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that the control algorithm (42, 42 ') comprises a charging device model (44) with an anti-wind-up feedback in order to determine the at least one charging characteristic (36, 38). the charging device (12) must be taken into account when determining the setpoint of the charging power.

4. Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control algorithm (42, 42 ') is set up Determining the setpoint of the charging power takes into account further performance information provided, in particular by means of a consumer model, which represents a, in particular expected, power consumed for one or more consumers of the consumer system (20). Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control algorithm (42, 42 ') is a controller with an integral component, in particular an integral controller, a proportional-integral controller or a proportional-integral-derivative controller , includes. Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a step (140) of charging the battery (32) of the vehicle (30) with the setpoint of the determined charging power by means of the charging device (12), wherein the charging device (12) provides additional power by means of one

Power supply unit (24) is provided if the setpoint of the determined charging power is greater than a difference between the actual values of the power provided by the photovoltaic system (14) and the power taken off by means of the consumer system (20), or a power take-off unit (24) uses additional power the charging device (12) is provided if the setpoint of the determined charging power is smaller than the difference between the actual values of the power provided by the photovoltaic system (14) and the power taken by the consumer system (20). Computing unit (28) for determining a target value of a charging power for charging a battery (32) of a vehicle (30) by means of a charging device (12), the charging device (12) being electrically connectable to a photovoltaic system (14) and a consumer system (20). is and the computing unit (28) is set up to read in performance information, which is a difference between actual values of a power provided by the photovoltaic system (14) and a power taken by means of the consumer system (20) and a power taken by means of the charging device (12) for charging the Battery (32) of the vehicle (32) represents the charging power provided, and to determine the target value of the charging power based on the power information using a control algorithm (42, 42 '), wherein the target value of the determined charging power represents an excess of the power provided to charge the battery (32) of the vehicle (30) with the determined target value of the charging power using the charging device (12). Charging device (12) for charging a battery (32) of a vehicle, the charging device (12) being electrically connectable, in particular connected, to a photovoltaic system (14) and a consumer system (20), comprising a computing unit (28) according to claim 7, and is designed to charge the battery (32) of the vehicle (30) with the charging power determined by the computing unit (28). System for charging a battery (32) of a vehicle, the system comprising a charging device (12) which is electrically connectable, in particular connected, to a photovoltaic system (14) and a consumer system (20) and a computing unit (28) according to claim 8, wherein the Computing unit (28) is arranged away from the charging device (12) and the charging device (12) is designed to charge the battery (32) of the vehicle (30) with the charging power determined by the arithmetic unit (28). Computer program which, when executed on a computer or a computing unit (28), is set up to execute and/or control all steps of a method (100) according to one of claims 1 to 6. Machine-readable storage medium with a computer program stored thereon according to claim 10.