WO2023197620A1 - 兼容性网络的确定性数据传输装置及方法 - Google Patents

兼容性网络的确定性数据传输装置及方法 Download PDF

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WO2023197620A1
WO2023197620A1 PCT/CN2022/135889 CN2022135889W WO2023197620A1 WO 2023197620 A1 WO2023197620 A1 WO 2023197620A1 CN 2022135889 W CN2022135889 W CN 2022135889W WO 2023197620 A1 WO2023197620 A1 WO 2023197620A1
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赵许阳
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之江实验室
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/24—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0061—Error detection codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/24—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
    • H04L47/245—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS using preemption
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of deterministic low-latency transmission of data, and specifically relates to a deterministic data transmission device and method for a compatible network.
  • Cyber-physical systems are mainly controlled by computers, and more and more sensors and actuators are integrated into the system.
  • cyber-physical systems such as the motion control of collaborative robots, which have high time sensitivity
  • a deterministic bounded network delay and a real-time communication network with delay changes are needed.
  • Ethernet technology real-time technologies such as Profinet and CC-Link have caused decoupling between devices.
  • the data transmission delay is basically maintained at the us level. By optimizing the preemption technology, the data transmission delay can be achieved. Reach ns level.
  • Time-aware shapers can block unscheduled traffic, but for jumbo frames in the network, using traditional preemption technology will still cause high delays and cannot meet the deterministic transmission requirements of high-priority traffic.
  • a deterministic data transmission device for a compatible network including a data link layer and a physical layer of an OSI system.
  • the data link layer includes a MAC client support preemption function module, a MAC Control module and MAC merging module
  • the physical layer includes coordination sublayer and port physical layer PHY.
  • the MAC client supports the preemption function module to connect with the MAC control module
  • the MAC merging module is connected with the coordination sublayer module
  • the port physical layer PHY is the physical transmission medium, which is connected with the coordination sublayer.
  • the data link layer is used to identify the preemption function of the MAC client, and the MAC control module is used to distribute high real-time and non-real-time demand data to two channels and pass them through The physical layer transmission;
  • the physical layer When receiving data, the physical layer is used to transmit data to the data link layer, and the MAC merging module of the data link layer is used to identify the preempted data for merging processing, and pass the MAC
  • the control module distributes the high real-time and non-real-time demand data in the merged data to the higher-level Open System Interconnection OSI.
  • the MAC client supports the preemption function module to identify whether the data slicing function of this port is turned on. If so, it means that high-priority data is supported to interrupt low-priority data transmission, and low-priority data is suspended for transmission. , after being sliced, wait for the high-priority transmission to complete before continuing to transmit; if not, it means that data slice transmission is not supported, and data transmission is performed according to the traditional QoS mechanism.
  • the MAC merging module is used to reorganize received slice data when supporting the preemption function, and perform data recovery on the receiving port for low-priority data that has been interrupted for transmission.
  • the MAC control module is connected to the MAC merging module.
  • the MAC control module includes two channels: pMAC and eMAC. High-priority data is transmitted on the eMAC channel, and data that can be preempted is transmitted on the pMAC channel. Transmission; data without priority order requirements are transmitted on the pMAC channel or eMAC channel.
  • This application also provides a deterministic data transmission method for compatible networks, including slicing of low-priority data, low-priority frame packets, slice combination, and combination verification;
  • the sending device divides the low-priority data into a first frame, multiple intermediate frames, and a last frame;
  • the first frame has the same frame format as the low-priority frame that has not been sliced.
  • the sending device uses the MCRC in the frame preemption to replace the CRC as the 4-byte checksum at the end.
  • the preamble is introduced in the middle frame and the tail frame, and does not carry the destination address and Ethernet type field.
  • the slice frame type is filled in one byte after the preamble to mark the subsequent frame of a certain fragment;
  • the receiving device determines the correctness of the first frame of the low-priority frame through one byte after the preamble, and for the middle frame of different low-priority slices For frames and tail frames, the receiving device uses a byte after the preamble to determine whether adjacent low-priority fragments arrive correctly and in order.
  • the second byte after the preamble of the sliced middle frame and last frame is a fragmentation count field.
  • one or two fields after the preamble of the first frame, middle frame, and last frame are modified in the frame preemption, including the SMD field and the MCRC field; low-priority frames use SMD for the first frame and subsequent frames respectively.
  • -Sx and SMD-Cx, SMD-Sx and SMD-Cx provide 3 different values for slice counting.
  • the receiving device records the fragment count value of the last received frame for comparison when the next frame is received.
  • the receiving device It will be considered that the frame has not been transmitted correctly, and the frame will be discarded; for slices that have been buffered and slices that have not been received, the receiving device discards these slices.
  • an MCRC is added to the end of the intermediate frame for checking the frame bytes of the fragmented data frame.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the device structure of some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of frame preemption in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the Ethernet frame byte format according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of Ethernet frame fragmentation according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application.
  • the appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described in this application may be combined with other embodiments without conflict.
  • a deterministic data transmission device for a compatible network includes the data link layer and physical layer of the OSI (Open System Interconnection) system.
  • the data link layer includes the MAC (Media Access Control) client. Supports preemption function module, MAC control module and MAC merging module.
  • the physical layer includes coordination sublayer and port physical layer PHY (Physical Layer).
  • the MAC client supports the preemption function module and is connected to the MAC control module
  • the MAC merging module is connected to the coordination sublayer
  • the port physical layer PHY is the physical transmission medium, which is connected to the coordination sublayer.
  • the data link layer is used to identify the preemption function of the MAC client, and the MAC control module is used to distribute high real-time and non-real-time demand data to two channels and transmit it through the physical layer;
  • the physical layer When receiving data, the physical layer is used to transmit data to the data link layer, and the MAC merging module of the data link layer is used to identify the preempted data for merging processing, and pass the MAC
  • the control module distributes the high real-time and non-real-time demand data in the merged data to the higher-level Open System Interconnection OSI.
  • the data transmitted to the data link layer is divided into high priority data and low priority data.
  • High-priority data preempts low-priority data transmission, interrupts low-priority data transmission, and splits low-priority data into multiple data frames (post-preemption data frames).
  • post-preemption data frames the transmitted data frames need to be merged , restored to the data format of the data link layer, this process is divided into data transmission - data preemption - data merging - data recovery.
  • the MAC client supports the preemption function module to identify whether the data slicing function of this port is turned on. If so, it means that high-priority data is supported to interrupt low-priority data transmission. Low-priority data suspends transmission and waits for high-priority data after being sliced. Continue transmission after the priority transmission is completed; if not, it means that data slice transmission is not supported and data transmission is performed according to the traditional QoS (Quality of Service) mechanism.
  • QoS Quality of Service
  • the MAC merging module is used to reorganize the received slice data when supporting the preemption function, and to perform data recovery on the receiving port of the interrupted low-priority data.
  • the MAC control module is connected to the MAC merging module.
  • the MAC control module includes a pMAC channel and an eMAC channel. High-priority data is transmitted on the eMAC channel, and data that can be preempted is transmitted on the pMAC channel. ; Data without priority order requirements are transmitted on the pMAC channel or the eMAC channel.
  • a deterministic data transmission method for compatibility networks including slicing of low-priority data, low-priority frame packetization, slice combination, and combination verification.
  • the sending device divides the low-priority data into a first frame, multiple intermediate frames, and a last frame;
  • the first frame has the same frame format as the low-priority frame that has not been sliced.
  • the sending device uses the MCRC in frame preemption instead of the CRC as the 4-byte checksum at the end.
  • the preamble is introduced into the middle frame and the tail frame, and does not carry the destination address and Ethernet type fields.
  • the slice frame type is filled in the penultimate byte of the preamble to mark it as a subsequent frame of a certain fragment;
  • the receiving device determines the correctness of the low-priority slice first frame through the one bit after the preamble, and for different low-priority slice middle frames frame and tail frame, the receiving device uses the bit after the preamble to determine whether the adjacent low-priority fragments arrive correctly and in order.
  • the low-priority frame For deterministic transmission networks, when a low-priority frame is transmitted on the line and a high-priority frame needs to be transmitted, it will be judged whether the low-priority frame can be preempted. If the low-priority frame is small bytes If there is a non-preemptible frame, wait for the low-priority frame to be transmitted before sending the high-priority data frame. The delay generated at this time is small; if the low-priority frame is jumbo frame data, the low-priority frame needs to be Priority frames are sliced. When the sliced data is transmitted, it will also affect the transmission of the next high-priority frame. The low-priority frame needs to be cut into smaller data frames to reduce the waiting for high-priority frames. time.
  • the scheduling algorithm of frame preemption is to ensure the priority transmission of high-priority data by interrupting the transmission of low-priority frames, as shown in Figure 2.
  • the preemption action will also produce different transmission time delays.
  • the transmission delay of high-priority data is as follows:
  • the preemption action will still cause a large delay and requires further frame preemption overhead.
  • a new slice identification code is used to mark the frame to reduce the byte size of the frame after slicing and reduce the frame preemption overhead. Reduce, thereby improving high-real-time transmission of high-priority frames.
  • the VLAN structure defined in 802.1Q consists of a 7-bit preamble and a 1-byte SFD, as shown in Figure 3, and also includes the source MAC address, destination MAC address, 802.1Q tag, Ethernet type, data bytes and CRC Checksum.
  • the priority code field in the 802.1Q tag bit is 7, the frame has the highest priority and is called a high-priority frame. This frame can interrupt the transmission of other priority frames.
  • low-priority frames In the actual transmission process, there are four main types of low-priority frames: unsliced low-priority frames, sliced first frames, sliced middle frames, and sliced last frames.
  • a low-priority frame is cut into multiple pieces, it will be divided into a first frame, multiple intermediate frames, and a last frame.
  • the first frame has the same frame format as the unsliced low-priority frame, but since the subsequent data and CRC checksum are cut off, the MCRC in the frame preemption is used here instead of the CRC as the 4-byte check at the end. and.
  • a preamble will be introduced into the sliced middle and tail frames, which do not carry the destination address and Ethernet type fields.
  • the sliced frame type will also be filled in one byte after the preamble, and the filled field type is SMD-Cx. It is used to mark that this is the subsequent frame of a certain fragment.
  • the second byte after the preamble is the fragment count field.
  • the middle frame is the same as the first frame, and MCRC needs to be added to the tail, while the tail frame uses the original CRC.
  • MCRC needs to be added to the tail
  • the tail frame uses the original CRC.
  • one or two fields after the preamble need to be modified, including the SMD field and MCRC field.
  • the specific encoding value of the SMD field is shown in Table 1 below.
  • SMD-Sx and SMD-Cx respectively for the first frame and subsequent frames. Since the frame preemption function requires that the frame can be correctly restored at the receiving end after being sliced at the sending end, SMD-Sx and SMD-Cx both provide 3 different values for the slice counting function. This count provides 3 frame numbers to confirm that the currently received slices are consecutive. The specific steps are as follows:
  • the device receiving process When receiving the SMD value of SMD-Cx, the device receiving process will make the following judgment:
  • the fragment count value indicates the number of fragments of the low-priority data frame.
  • the receiving device uses specific values to determine the correctness of the first frame of the low-priority frame.
  • the receiving device uses specific values to determine whether the adjacent low-priority fragments are correct. , arrive in order. The receiving device will record the fragment count value of the last received frame for comparison when the next frame is received. When the received frame does not meet the continuous slice count, the receiving device will consider that the frame has not been transmitted correctly and discard the frame. For slices that have been buffered and slices that have not yet been received, the receiving device will also discard these slices.
  • giant frames can be cut into several short bytes of data, which can effectively reduce the overhead time of frame preemption during the transmission process of high-priority data frames, and effectively increase the large-bandwidth data traffic in the network.
  • Transmission requirements meet the high real-time transmission of discrete data and improve the production efficiency of equipment.
  • This application proposes a deterministic data transmission device and method for a compatible network, which solves the problem of high delay in equipment data transmission caused by traditional preemption technology.
  • a new data integration method and a new scheduling algorithm are proposed.
  • the waiting time of high-priority is reduced, ensuring transmission certainty and ns-level transmission delay.
  • data transmission compatible with traditional Ethernet data frames and high-real-time Ethernet data frames is adopted.
  • the device ensures the unity of transmission devices and the interconnection between equipment, effectively improves industrial production efficiency and establishes a flexible production method.

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Abstract

一种兼容性网络的确定性数据传输装置及方法。所述数据传输装置包括开放式系统互联OSI的数据链路层和物理层，数据链路层包括MAC客户端支持抢占功能模块、MAC控制模块和MAC合并模块，物理层包括协调子层和端口物理层PHY，MAC客户端支持抢占功能模块与MAC控制模块连接，MAC合并模块与协调子层连接，端口物理层PHY为物理传输介质，其与协调子层连接。所述数据传输方法包括低优先级数据的切片、低优先级帧封包、切片组合以及组合验证。

Description

兼容性网络的确定性数据传输装置及方法
相关申请
本申请要求2022年4月13日申请的，申请号为202210381729.2，发明名称为“一种兼容性网络高实时数据传输装置及方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及数据的确定性低延时传输技术领域，具体涉及一种兼容性网络的确定性数据传输装置及方法。
背景技术
随着工业4.0的发展，智能制造作为引领下一代工业技术发展的目标，工业互联网的规模越来越大。网络物理系统主要是由计算机控制的，系统中集成的传感器和执行器越来越多。在网络物理系统中，比如协作机器人的运动控制具有高时间敏感性，为了保证网络物理系统在控制下的确定性行为，需要有一个确定性的有界网络延迟和延时变化的实时通信网络来满足设备的控制需求，提高设备的生产效率。随着以太网技术的发展，profinet、cc-link等实时性技术造成设备之间的解耦，数据的传输延时基本维持在us级别，通过对抢占技术的优化，能够实现数据的传输延时达到ns级别。
为了在整个系统中实时调度，必须防止对高优先级流量的干扰，否则会增加总线的延迟，而且还会增加传送变化。时间感知整形器能够阻止非调度的流量，但对于网络中的巨帧，采用传统的抢占技术仍然会导致较高的延时，不能满足高优先级流量的确定性传输需求。
发明内容
根据本申请的各种实施例，提供一种兼容性网络的确定性数据传输装置，包括OSI系统的数据链路层和物理层，所述数据链路层包括MAC客户端支持抢占功能模块、MAC控制模块和MAC合并模块，所述物理层包括协调子层和端口物理层PHY。其中，MAC客户端支持抢占功能模块与MAC控制模块连接，MAC合并模块与协调子层模块连接，端口物理层PHY为物理传输介质，其与协调子层连接。
在一些实施例中，在发送数据时，所述数据链路层用于识别MAC客户端的抢占功能，所述MAC控制模块用于将高实时性和非实时性需求数据分配到两个通道并通过所述物理层传输；
在接收数据时，所述物理层用于将数据传送到所述数据链路层，所述数据链路层的所述MAC合并模块用于识别抢占后的数据进行合并处理，并通过所述MAC控制模块将合并数据中的高实时性和非实时性需求数据分配到更高层的开放式系统互联OSI。
在一些实施例中，所述MAC客户端支持抢占功能模块用于识别本端口的数据切片功能是否打开，若是，则表示支持高优先级数据打断低优先级数据传输，低优先级数据暂停传输，被切片后等待高优先级传输完毕后继续传输；若否，则表示不支持数据切片传输，按照传统的QoS机制进行数据传输。
在一些实施例中，所述的MAC合并模块用于在支持抢占功能下，将接收到的切片数据重组，将被打断传输的低优先级数据在接收端口进行数据恢复。
在一些实施例中，所述MAC控制模块与MAC合并模块连接，所述MAC控制模块包括pMAC和eMAC两个通道，高优先级的数据在eMAC通道进行传输，可被抢占的数据在pMAC通道进行传输；无优先级顺序需求的数据在pMAC通道或eMAC通道进行传输。
本申请还提供了一种兼容性网络的确定性数据传输方法，包括低优先级数据的切片、低优先级帧封包、切片组合以及组合验证；
所述低优先级数据的切片中，发送设备将低优先级数据分为首帧、多个中间帧和尾帧；
所述低优先级帧封包中，首帧与未经过切片的低优先级帧的帧格式保持一致，发送设备使用帧抢占中的MCRC来替代CRC作为尾部的4字节校验和，切片后的中间帧和尾帧引入前导码，不携带目的地址以及以太网类型字段，将切片帧类型填入前导码之后的一个字节，以标记是某一个分片的后续帧；
所述切片组合以及组合验证中，对于不同的低优先级分片首帧，接收设备通过前导码之后的一个字节判断低优先级帧首帧的正确性，对于不同的低优先级分片中间帧及尾帧，接收设备通过前导码之后的一个字节判断相邻的低优先级分片是否正确、按顺序到达。
在一些实施例中，所述切片后的中间帧和尾帧的前导码之后的第二个字节为分片计数字段。
在一些实施例中，所述帧抢占中修改首帧、中间帧、尾帧的前导码之后的一至两个字段，包括SMD字段和MCRC字段；低优先级帧按首帧和后续帧分别使用SMD-Sx和SMD-Cx，SMD-Sx和SMD-Cx提供3个不同的值，用于切片计数。
在一些实施例中，所述接收设备记录上一次收到的帧的分片计数值，用于下一次收到 帧的时候进行比较，当接收到的帧不满足连续的切片计数后，接收设备会认为该帧没有被正确的传输，从而丢弃该帧；对于已经缓冲了的切片，以及尚未接收的切片，接收设备对这些切片进行丢弃。
在一些实施例中，所述中间帧的尾部加入MCRC，用于分片后的数据帧的帧字节的校检。
本申请的一个或多个实施例的细节在以下附图和描述中提出，以使本申请的其他特征、目的和优点更加简明易懂。
附图说明
为了更好地描述和说明这里公开的本申请的实施例和/或示例，可以参考一幅或多幅附图。用于描述附图的附加细节或示例不应当被认为是对所公开的申请、目前描述的实施例和/或示例以及目前理解的这些申请的最佳模式中的任何一者的范围的限制。
图1为本申请一些实施例的装置结构示意图。
图2为本申请一些实施例的帧抢占的示意图。
图3为本申请一些实施例的以太网帧字节格式示意图。
图4为本申请一些实施例的以太网帧分片示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本申请进行描述和说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。基于本申请提供的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。此外，还可以理解的是，虽然这种开发过程中所作出的努力可能是复杂并且冗长的，然而对于与本申请公开的内容相关的本领域的普通技术人员而言，在本申请揭露的技术内容的基础上进行的一些设计，制造或者生产等变更只是常规的技术手段，不应当理解为本申请公开的内容不充分。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域普通技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本申请所描述的实施例在不冲突的情况下，可以与其它实施例相结合。
除非另作定义，本申请所涉及的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本申请所属技术领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本申请所涉及的“一”、“一个”、“一种”、“该”等 类似词语并不表示数量限制，可表示单数或复数。本申请所涉及的“多个”是指大于或者等于两个。本申请所涉及的术语“包括”、“包含”、“具有”以及它们任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
如图1所示，一种兼容性网络的确定性数据传输装置，包括OSI(Open System Interconnection)系统的数据链路层和物理层，所述数据链路层包括MAC(Media Access Control)客户端支持抢占功能模块、MAC控制模块和MAC合并模块，所述物理层包括协调子层和端口物理层PHY(Physical Layer)。其中，MAC客户端支持抢占功能模块与MAC控制模块连接，MAC合并模块与协调子层连接，端口物理层PHY为物理传输介质，其与协调子层连接。
在发送数据时，数据链路层用于识别MAC客户端的抢占功能，所述MAC控制模块用于将高实时性和非实时性需求数据分配到两个通道并通过所述物理层传输；
在接收数据时，所述物理层用于将数据传送到所述数据链路层，所述数据链路层的所述MAC合并模块用于识别抢占后的数据进行合并处理，并通过所述MAC控制模块将合并数据中的高实时性和非实时性需求数据分配到更高层的开放式系统互联OSI。
传送到数据链路层的数据分为高优先级数据和低优先级数据。高优先级数据抢占低优先级数据传输，打断低优先级数据传输，将低优先级数据拆分成多个数据帧(抢占后的数据帧)，此时需要将传输后的数据帧进行合并，恢复为数据链路层的数据格式，此过程分为数据传输—数据抢占—数据合并—数据恢复。
所述MAC客户端支持抢占功能模块用于识别本端口的数据切片功能是否打开，若是，则表示支持高优先级数据打断低优先级数据传输，低优先级数据暂停传输，被切片后等待高优先级传输完毕后继续传输；若否，则表示不支持数据切片传输，按照传统的QoS(Quality of Service)机制进行数据传输。
所述MAC合并模块用于在支持抢占功能下，将接收到的切片数据重组，将被打断传输的低优先级数据在接收端口进行数据恢复。
所述MAC控制模块与所述MAC合并模块连接，所述MAC控制模块包括pMAC通道和eMAC通道，高优先级的数据在所述eMAC通道进行传输，可被抢占的数据在所述pMAC通道进行传输；无优先级顺序需求的数据在所述pMAC通道或所述eMAC通道进行传输。
一种兼容性网络的确定性数据传输方法，包括低优先级数据的切片、低优先级帧封包、 切片组合以及组合验证。
所述低优先级数据的切片中，发送设备将所述低优先级数据分为首帧、多个中间帧和尾帧；
所述低优先级帧封包中，所述首帧与未经过切片的低优先级帧的帧格式保持一致，发送设备使用帧抢占中的MCRC替代CRC作为尾部的4字节校验和，切片后的中间帧和尾帧引入前导码，不携带目的地址以及以太网类型字段，将切片帧类型填入前导码的倒数第二个字节，以标记为某一个分片的后续帧；
所述切片组合以及组合验证中，对于不同的低优先级分片首帧，接收设备通过前导码之后的一位判断低优先级分片首帧的正确性，对于不同的低优先级分片中间帧及尾帧，所述接收设备通过前导码之后的一位判断相邻的低优先级分片是否正确、按顺序到达。
针对确定性传输网络，当在线路上传输一个低优先级帧时，一个高优先级帧需要进行传输时，此时会判断低优先级帧是否可以被抢占，如果该低优先级帧是小字节的不可抢占帧，则等待该低优先级帧传输完毕后，再发送高优先级的数据帧，此时产生的延时较小；如果该低优先级帧是巨帧数据，则需要将该低优先级帧进行切片操作，当切片后的数据在传输时也会影响到下一个高优先级帧的传输，需要将该低优先级帧切成较小的数据帧，降低高优先级帧的等待时间。
帧抢占的调度算法是通过打断低优先级帧的传输，保证高优先级数据的优先传输，如图2所示。抢占的动作也会产生不同的传送时间的延迟，高优先级数据的传输延时如下：
Delay高优先级＝同优先级阻塞+帧抢占开销。
根据上述的描述，抢占动作还是会产生较大的延时，需要进一步的帧抢占的开销，通过一种新的切片识别码进行标志，降低切片后的帧字节的大小，将帧抢占的开销降低，从而提高高优先级帧的高实时性传输。
在802.1Q中定义的VLAN结构由7位前导码和1字节的SFD组成，如图3所示，还包括源MAC地址、目的MAC地址、802.1Q标签、以太网类型、数据字节和CRC校检和。其中802.1Q标签位里面的优先级代码字段为7时，该帧的优先级为最高，称为高优先级帧，该帧可以打断其他优先级的帧传输。
在实际的传输过程中，低优先级帧主要有四类：未切片的低优先级帧、已切片的首个帧、已切片的中间帧、已切片的最后一帧。
经过切片的低优先级帧和原来的低优先级帧是有区别的，如果一个低优先级帧没有被切片，那么它既是首帧又是尾帧。未切片的低速帧与高速帧的区别主要是在于前导码的最后一个字节，从而区分是高速优先级帧还是低优先级帧，如图4所示。
如果一个低优先级帧被切成多片，那就会分为首帧、多个中间帧、尾帧。首帧与未经过切片的低优先级帧的帧格式保持一致，但由于后续的数据和CRC校检和被切掉，所以此处使用帧抢占中的MCRC替代CRC作为尾部的4字节校验和。切片后的中间帧和尾帧会引入前导码，不携带目的地址以及以太网类型字段，还会将切片帧类型填入前导码之后的一个字节，并且填入的字段类型为SMD-Cx，用以标记这是某一个分片的后续帧，前导码之后的第二个字节为分片计数字段。除此之外，中间帧与首帧一样，尾部也需要加入MCRC，尾帧则使用原本的CRC。帧抢占中需要修改前导码之后部分的一至两个字段，包括SMD字段和MCRC字段。其中SMD字段的具体编码值如下表1所示。
表1：以太网帧的分片编码方式
Figure PCTCN2022135889-appb-000001
低优先级帧按首帧和后续帧分别使用SMD-Sx和SMD-Cx。由于帧抢占功能要求帧在发送端被切片之后，能够在接收端正确的还原，因此SMD-Sx和SMD-Cx都提供了3个不同的值，用于切片计数功能。该计数提供了3个帧序号，用以确认当前收到的切片是连续的。具体的操作步骤如下：
当收到SMD-Cx的SMD值时，设备接收进程会作出如下判断：
a)是否有正在进行的报文被抢占；
b)SMD指示的帧数与正在进行的报文的帧数相匹配；
c)分片计数值表示低优先级数据帧的分片数。
对于不同的SMD-Sx，接收设备通过具体的值来判断低优先级帧首帧的正确性，对于不同的SMD-Cx，接收设备通过具体的值来判断相邻的低优先级分片是否正确、按顺序到达。接收设备会记录上一次收到的帧的分片计数值，用于下一次收到帧的时候进行比较。当接收到的帧不满足连续的切片计数后，接收设备会认为该帧没有被正确的传输，从而丢 弃该顿。对于已经缓冲了的切片，以及尚未接收的切片，接收设备同样会对这些切片进行丢弃。
通过以上的切片方式可以将巨帧切成若干个短字节数据，能够有效地减小高优先级数据帧在传输的过程中产生帧抢占的开销时间，有效地提高网络中的大带宽数据流量传输需求，满足离散型数据的高实时性传输，提高设备的生产效率。
本申请提出一种兼容性网络的确定性数据传输装置及方法，解决了传统抢占技术导致的设备数据传输高延时的问题，针对大流量的网络以及工业互联网的系统规模越来越大的问题，采用新的数据整合方式，提出一种新的调度算法。通过采用新的低优先级帧组合方式，降低高优先级的等待时间，保证传输的确定性以及ns级别的传输延时，同时采用传统以太网数据帧与高实时以太网数据帧兼容的数据传输装置，保障传输装置的统一性和设备之间的互联互通性，有效地提高工业生产效率，建立柔性化生产方式。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种兼容性网络的确定性数据传输装置，其特征在于，包括开放式系统互联OSI的数据链路层和物理层，
    所述数据链路层包括MAC客户端支持抢占功能模块、MAC控制模块和MAC合并模块，
    所述物理层包括协调子层和端口物理层PHY，
    其中，所述MAC客户端支持抢占功能模块与所述MAC控制模块连接，所述MAC合并模块与所述协调子层连接，
    所述端口物理层PHY为物理传输介质，其与所述协调子层连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的兼容性网络的确定性数据传输装置，其中，在发送数据时，所述数据链路层用于识别MAC客户端的抢占功能，所述MAC控制模块用于将高实时性和非实时性需求数据分配到两个通道并通过所述物理层传输；
    在接收数据时，所述物理层用于将数据传送到所述数据链路层，所述数据链路层的所述MAC合并模块用于识别抢占后的数据进行合并处理，并通过所述MAC控制模块将合并数据中的高实时性和非实时性需求数据分配到更高层的开放式系统互联OSI。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的兼容性网络的确定性数据传输装置，其中，所述MAC客户端支持抢占功能模块用于识别本端口的数据切片功能是否打开，
    若是，则表示支持高优先级数据打断低优先级数据传输，低优先级数据暂停传输，被切片后等待高优先级传输完毕后继续传输；
    若否，则表示不支持数据切片传输，按照QoS机制进行数据传输。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的兼容性网络的确定性数据传输装置，其中，所述MAC合并模块用于在支持抢占功能下，将接收到的切片数据重组，将被打断传输的低优先级数据在接收端口进行数据恢复。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的兼容性网络的确定性数据传输装置，其中，所述MAC控制模块与MAC合并模块连接，
    所述MAC控制模块包括pMAC通道和eMAC通道，
    高优先级的数据在所述eMAC通道进行传输，可被抢占的数据在所述pMAC通道进行传输；
    无优先级顺序需求的数据在所述pMAC通道或所述eMAC通道进行传输。
  6. 一种兼容性网络的确定性数据传输方法，包括低优先级数据的切片、低优先级帧封 包、切片组合以及组合验证，其特征在于：
    所述低优先级数据的切片中，发送设备将所述低优先级数据分为首帧、多个中间帧和尾帧；
    所述低优先级帧封包中，所述首帧与未经过切片的低优先级帧的帧格式保持一致，所述发送设备使用帧抢占中的MCRC替代CRC作为尾部的4字节校验和，切片后的中间帧和尾帧引入前导码，不携带目的地址以及以太网类型字段，将切片帧类型填入前导码之后的一个字节，以标记为某一个分片的后续帧；
    所述切片组合以及组合验证中，对于不同的低优先级分片首帧，接收设备通过前导码之后的一个字节判断低优先级分片首帧的正确性，对于不同的低优先级分片中间帧及尾帧，所述接收设备通过前导码之后的一个字节判断相邻的低优先级分片是否正确、按顺序到达。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的兼容性网络的确定性数据传输方法，其中，所述切片后的中间帧和尾帧的前导码之后的第二个字节为分片计数字段。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的兼容性网络的确定性数据传输方法，其中，所述帧抢占中修改首帧、中间帧、尾帧的前导码之后的一至两个字段，包括SMD字段和MCRC字段；
    低优先级帧按首帧和后续帧分别使用SMD-Sx和SMD-Cx，所述SMD-Sx和所述SMD-Cx分别提供3个不同的值，用于切片计数。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的兼容性网络的确定性数据传输方法，其中，所述接收设备记录上一次收到的帧的分片计数值，用于下一次收到帧的时候进行比较，
    当接收到的帧不满足连续的切片计数后，所述接收设备确定该帧传输错误，从而丢弃该帧；
    对于已经缓冲了的切片，以及尚未接收的切片，所述接收设备对这些切片进行丢弃。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的兼容性网络的确定性数据传输方法，其中，所述中间帧的尾部加入MCRC，用于切片后的数据帧的帧字节的校检。
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