WO2023197452A1 - 一种航班排序信息的时空转换方法 - Google Patents

一种航班排序信息的时空转换方法 Download PDF

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WO2023197452A1
WO2023197452A1 PCT/CN2022/101839 CN2022101839W WO2023197452A1 WO 2023197452 A1 WO2023197452 A1 WO 2023197452A1 CN 2022101839 W CN2022101839 W CN 2022101839W WO 2023197452 A1 WO2023197452 A1 WO 2023197452A1
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flight
segment
point
flt
delay
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PCT/CN2022/101839
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French (fr)
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陈飞飞
徐柯
丁一波
张明伟
丁辉
童明
石潇竹
张阳
黄吉波
汤闻易
刘泽原
谈青青
蒋伟煜
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中国电子科技集团公司第二十八研究所
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Priority to US17/818,955 priority Critical patent/US11694556B2/en
Publication of WO2023197452A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023197452A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G5/00Traffic control systems for aircraft, e.g. air-traffic control [ATC]
    • G08G5/003Flight plan management
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06QINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/06Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
    • G06Q10/063Operations research, analysis or management
    • G06Q10/0631Resource planning, allocation, distributing or scheduling for enterprises or organisations
    • G06Q10/06316Sequencing of tasks or work
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06QINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/40Business processes related to the transportation industry

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of spatio-temporal conversion of information, in particular to a method of spatio-temporal conversion of flight sorting information.
  • the terminal area As a bottleneck area for aviation network operations, the terminal area has the characteristics of high traffic density, complex airspace structure, and numerous operational restrictions.
  • flight sequencing technology builds an airport arrival management system in order to improve the efficiency of traffic operations in the terminal area.
  • flight sequencing technology can comprehensively consider various operating restrictions in the terminal area. Based on accurate prediction of flight trajectories, it can optimally allocate the time for flights to pass through key points and runways, optimize the utilization of capacity resources in the terminal area, and ensure the safety of traffic flow. , orderly and efficient circulation.
  • the flight timing recommendations generated by flight sequencing technology have abstract characteristics, making it difficult for controllers to guide aircraft strictly according to the sequencing recommendations, resulting in the actual operating effect of the arrival management system failing to meet expectations.
  • the present invention proposes a spatio-temporal conversion method of flight sequencing information, which can convert abstract timing suggestions into intuitive spatial position reference targets, making it easier for controllers to more accurately guide aircraft according to the planned time generated by the approach management system. , enhances the controller's time-based planning and operation capabilities, and lays a technical foundation for my country's future implementation of track-based operations (TBO).
  • TBO track-based operations
  • the technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a method for spatio-temporal conversion of flight sorting information in view of the shortcomings of the existing technology.
  • the present invention discloses a spatio-temporal conversion method of flight sorting information, which includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 Optimize flight sorting; use flight sorting technology to generate sorting times and delay suggestions for flights at key points and runways in the terminal area;
  • Step 2 segment delay allocation; predict the flight status based on the flight's current position and 4D trajectory information, and screen the segments consumed by delays. Based on this, combine the aircraft performance and sorting information to generate a segment delay allocation strategy, and obtain the segment delay Assign results;
  • Step 3 Generate a reference track circle; based on the segment delay allocation results and operating deviation limits, a visual spatial position reference target is generated to provide a visual reference for the controller to guide the aircraft according to the sequencing time.
  • step 2 includes: assigning the sorting delay suggestions of the flight's key points and runways in the terminal area to each flight segment of the flight for absorption; predicting the flight status according to the flight's current position and 4D trajectory information, and filtering Delays consume flight segments. Based on this, combined with aircraft performance and sorting information, a segment delay allocation strategy is generated; including the following steps:
  • Step 2-1 variable definition
  • Step 2-2 screen the flight segments that are consumed by delays
  • Step 2-3 divide the flight segments according to the sorting key points
  • Steps 2-4 Divide flight segments according to flight status
  • Step 2-5 Allocate flight segment delays and obtain the flight segment delay allocation results.
  • variable definitions in step 2-1 include:
  • SysTime is the current system time
  • Flt i represents the i-th flight
  • PtList i Represents the flight trajectory point queue of flight Flt i . This queue is generated based on the flight flight plan (using 4D trajectory prediction technology) and contains waypoints in the flight route and interpolation point information between waypoints;
  • PtNum i Indicates the number of trajectory points in the flight trajectory point queue PtList i of flight Flt i .
  • Pt i, j represents the j-th trajectory point in the point queue PtList i of flight Flt i , Pt i, j ⁇ PtList i ;
  • ETO i, j represents the estimated transit time of aircraft Flt i at Pt i, j ;
  • CTO i, j represents the sorting time of aircraft Flt i at Pt i, j (the sorting time of key points in this method is provided by step 1; the sorting time of other types of points is updated by this step), the initial value is ETO i,j ;
  • Div(CTO i,j ) represents the difference (in seconds) between the sorting transit time CTO i, j assigned to aircraft Flt i in two adjacent calculation cycles at Pt i, j;
  • DivLimit Indicates the upper limit of the difference in the sorting transit time allocated in the adjacent calculation period of the flight at the sorting key point;
  • PtPro i, j represents the sorting attribute of point Pt i, j .
  • a value of 1 indicates that the point is a key point for sorting, and a value of 0 indicates other points;
  • PtDelay i,j represents the estimated point-to-point delay of aircraft Flt i at Pt i,j (unit second);
  • [Pt i,j ,Pt i,k ] represents the flight segment from point Pt i,j to point Pt i,k in PtList i , Pt i,j represents the starting point of the flight segment, Pt i,k represents the The end point of the flight segment, k represents the point Pt i, and the number of k in the queue PtList i ;
  • SegNum j,k represents the number of small flight segments included in the flight segment [Pt i,j ,Pt i,k ];
  • SegDis j,k represents the flight distance of aircraft Flt i in the flight segment [Pt i,j ,Pt i,k ];
  • SegMinSpeed j, k Indicates the minimum safe flight speed of aircraft Flt i in flight segment [Pt i, j , Pt i, k ]. This parameter is obtained based on aircraft performance or airspace operation restrictions;
  • SegMaxSpeed j, k Indicates the maximum safe flight speed of aircraft Flt i in flight segment [Pt i, j , Pt i, k ]. This parameter is obtained based on aircraft performance or airspace operation restrictions;
  • SegPro j, k represents the flight status of aircraft Flt i in the flight segment [Pt i, j , Pt i, k ]. A value of 1 indicates level flight, and a value of 0 indicates others;
  • SegDelay j,k Indicates the delay value (unit second) that aircraft Flt i needs to consume on the flight segment [Pt i,j ,Pt i,k ];
  • SegDelayTmp j,k a temporary variable indicating the delay that aircraft Flt i needs to consume on the flight segment [Pt i,j ,Pt i,k ] (used in the calculation process of this method, unit second);
  • SegMaxDelay j,k Indicates the maximum positive delay value (unit second) that aircraft Flt i can consume in the flight segment [Pt i,j ,Pt i,k ];
  • SegMaxAcc j,k Indicates the maximum negative delay value (unit second) that aircraft Flt i can consume in the flight segment [Pt i,j ,Pt i,k ].
  • step 2-2 includes the following steps:
  • Pt i, bgn be the starting point of the delay consumption segment in the queue PtList i of flight Flt i
  • bgn represents the number of point Pt i, bgn in the queue PtList i ;
  • Step 2-2-1 locate the actual segment of the flight:
  • cur represents point Pt i, cur ’s number in queue PtList i
  • cur+1 represents point Pt i, cur+1 ’s number in queue PtList i
  • ETO i cur represents flight Flt i at point Pt i, the estimated transit time at cur
  • ETO i, cur+1 represents the estimated transit time of flight Flt i at point Pt i, cur+1 ;
  • Step 2-2-2 locate the current reference segment of the flight:
  • ref represents point Pt i
  • ref is the number in queue PtList i
  • ref+1 represents point Pt i
  • ref+1 is the number in queue PtList i
  • CTO i ref represents flight Flt i at point Pt i, the sorted transit time at ref
  • CTO i, ref+1 represents the sorted transit time of flight Flt i at point Pt i, ref+1 ;
  • Step 2-2-3 find the adjacent sorting key points in the previous segment:
  • Pt i pre be the sorting key point closest to the current position Pt i, cur in the preceding segment [Pt i, 1 , Pt i, cur ] of flight Flt i .
  • Pre represents the point Pt i, pre in the queue PtList i . number;
  • Pt i, tmp be the intermediate variables of the flight trajectory point of flight Flt i in the calculation process of this method, and tmp represents the number of point Pt i, tmp in the queue PtList i ;
  • Step 2-2-4 determine whether there are sorting key points between the actual flight position and the reference segment:
  • ETO i, cur > ETO i, ref and Pt i, pre ⁇ [Pt i, ref+1 , Pt i, cur ], let Pt i, bgn Pt i, pre and perform step 2-2-7; Otherwise, continue to step 2-2-5;
  • Step 2-2-5 find the adjacent sorting key points in the subsequent flight segments:
  • Pt i, aft be the subsequent segment of flight Flt i
  • the sorting key point closest to the current position Pt i, cur , aft represents the number of point Pt i, aft in the queue PtList i ;
  • Step 2-2-6 determine whether there are certain fluctuations in the sorting time of subsequent sorting key points.
  • Methods include:
  • Step 2-2-7 determine the flight segment consumed by delay:
  • the selected flight segments participating in delay consumption are all subsequent flight segments starting from Pt i, bgn in the transit queue PtList i , that is
  • Step 2-2-8 update the sorting time of the delay consumption segment starting point:
  • dividing the flight segments according to the sorting key points in step 2-3 includes: according to the sorting key point information in the passing queue PtList i of the aircraft Flt i , the delay selected in step 2-2 consumes the flight segments.
  • Split into multiple small segments with overlapping boundary points as follows:
  • Step 2-3-2 find the nearest sorting key point after Pt i,m in PtList i as the end point of the sub-segment to be divided, recorded as Pt i,n , n represents the point Pt i,n in the queue PtList The number in i , then the divided sub-segment is recorded as [Pt i, m , Pt i, n ];
  • the method of dividing the flight segments according to the flight status described in step 2-4 is: for each flight segment [Pt i,m ,Pt i,n ] split in step 2-3, according to the position of the aircraft,
  • the flight status within the system is further subdivided by methods including:
  • the flight segment [Pt i, m , Pt i, n ] is divided into multiple small flight segments [Pt i, o , Pt i, p ] with overlapping boundary points, where o represents the point Pt i, The number of o in the queue PtList i , p represents the point Pt i, the number of p in the queue PtList i , and the movement status of the flight Flt i is consistent in each small segment [Pt i, o , Pt i, p ] , synchronously record the flight status mark SegPro o,p of flight Flt i in each small segment [Pt i,o ,Pt i,p ];
  • the method for allocating flight segment delays described in steps 2-5 is to allocate the sorting delays of the aircraft at the sorting key points to each flight segment based on the flight status of the aircraft on each flight segment, the length of the flight segment and the performance of the aircraft. superior;
  • Step 2-5-1 calculate the total delay of the flight segment:
  • Step 2-5-2 calculate the upper limit of flight segment delay:
  • each small flight segment divided in the flight segment [Pt i, m , Pt i, n ] be [Pt i, o , Pt i, p ]
  • the flight Flt i is in each small flight segment.
  • the maximum positive delay that can be allocated on a segment is:
  • Step 2-5-3 determine whether the flight segment delay is excessive:
  • Step 2-5-4 assign segment delays:
  • Delays are allocated to each level flight segment based on its distance and delay absorption capacity. Methods include:
  • SegDelayTmp m,n the delay that flight Flt i needs to absorb on the flight segment [Pt i,m ,Pt i,n ] in this step
  • SegDelayTmp m,n SegDelay m,n :
  • Step 2-5-5 assign waypoint delays:
  • step 2-5-4 the delay SegDelay o,p allocated for flight Flt i on each small flight segment [Pt i, o ,Pt i, p] within the flight segment [Pt i,m,Pt i, n] , calculate the sorting time and delay of the non-sorting key points of flight Flt i in the flight segment [Pt i, m , Pt i, n ], and the sorting time and delay of the sorting key points are generated by step 1;
  • step 2-5-4 includes the following steps:
  • Step 2-5-4-1 Assign flight segment delay:
  • Step 2-5-4-2 detect delayed allocation results:
  • SegDelayTmp m, n 0 is satisfied, it means that the delay of the flight segment [Pt i, m , Pt i, n ] has been allocated, and continue with step 2-5-5; otherwise, return to step 2-5-4-1 and update the flight segment. Delay in assigning results.
  • step 3 includes the following steps:
  • Step 3-1 variable definition
  • Step 3-2 reference segment positioning
  • Step 3-3 reference position point generation
  • Step 3-4 reference track circle generation
  • variable definition includes:
  • Lat(Pt i, j ): represents the latitude of flight Flt i at waypoint Pt i, j ;
  • Lon(Pt i, j ): represents the longitude of flight Flt i at waypoint Pti , j ;
  • ResDiv Indicates the deviation limit between the flight's actual transit time at the sorted key point and the sorted transit time
  • ATO i, j represents the actual transit time of flight Flt i at waypoint Pt i, j ;
  • R represents the radius of the reference track circle
  • Step 3-2 reference segment positioning:
  • Step 3-3 reference position point generation:
  • the differential method is used to approximately solve the real-time reference position point of the aircraft at the current time of the system.
  • Methods include:
  • step 3-4 includes the following steps:
  • the present invention plans and guides the aircraft (aircraft) based on the result generated by the reference track circle in step 3.
  • the method of the present invention is loaded and run in the processing server of the air traffic control automation system.
  • the method of the present invention can convert the abstract flight timing suggestions generated by the airport arrival management system into an intuitive spatial position reference target, which facilitates the controller to more accurately guide the aircraft according to the planned time generated by the arrival management system, and enhances the controller's ability to based on Time planning and operation capabilities lay a technical foundation for my country's future implementation of TBO operations.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall flow of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the sorting key point information of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of segment delay allocation processing according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of Example 1 of the delay consumption segment screening scenario according to the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of Example 2 of the delay consumption segment screening scenario according to the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of Example 3 of the delay consumption segment screening scenario of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of Example 4 of the delay consumption segment screening scenario of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of segmentation of flight segments according to sorting key points according to the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of dividing flight segments according to flight status according to the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic flowchart of the reference track circle generation process of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a diagram showing an application example of the aircraft reference track circle according to the present invention.
  • the method of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 Optimize flight sorting; use flight sorting technology to generate sorting times and delay suggestions for flights at key points and runways in the terminal area.
  • Step 2 Segment delay allocation: predict the flight status based on the flight's current position and 4D trajectory information, and screen the segments consumed by delays. Based on this, combine the aircraft performance and sorting information to generate a segment delay allocation strategy.
  • Step 3 Generate a reference track circle; based on the flight segment delay allocation results and operating deviation limits, generate a visual spatial position reference target to provide a visual reference for the controller to guide the aircraft according to the sequencing time.
  • Step 1 flight optimization sorting
  • the flight sorting algorithm can comprehensively consider various operating restrictions in the terminal area and generate sorting times and delay suggestions for flights at key points in the terminal area and airport runways to ensure that the traffic flow can be safe, orderly and efficient. Circulation, for specific methods, please refer to the previous patent "A multi-efficiency optimization and sorting method for arrival flights at multi-runway airports".
  • Key points in the terminal area usually refer to corridor entrance points, internal convergence points or user-specified points of concern, etc. Aircraft passing through this point will be assigned a sequencing time. This method calls such points in the flight trajectory (i.e., the 4D trajectory of the flight) and the airport runway as sorting key points, as shown by the points marked by circles in Figure 2. In the figure, the aircraft will pass through 3 times from the current position to the airport landing. key points for sorting.
  • Flight 4D trajectory information is generated by 4D trajectory prediction technology.
  • 4D trajectory prediction technology is a common technology used in the civil aviation industry to predict flight trajectories.
  • Step 2 segment delay allocation
  • This step is to allocate the sorting delay suggestions of the flight at each key point and runway in the terminal area to each flight segment of the flight for absorption, so as to more accurately implement the sorting time of the flight at the sorting key point. Therefore, this step predicts the flight status based on the flight's current position and 4D trajectory information, and filters the delay consumption segments. On this basis, combined with aircraft performance and sorting information, a segment delay allocation strategy is generated.
  • the processing flow is shown in Figure 3.
  • Step 2-1 variable definition
  • Step 2-2 screen the flight segments consumed by delays
  • Step 2-3 Divide flight segments based on sorting key points
  • Steps 2-4 divide flight segments according to flight status
  • Steps 2-5 assign segment delays
  • Step 2-1 variable definition
  • SysTime is the current system time
  • Flt i represents the i-th flight
  • PtList i represents the flight trajectory point queue of flight Flt i . This queue is generated using 4D trajectory prediction technology based on the flight flight plan, and includes waypoints in the flight route and interpolation point information between waypoints;
  • PtNum i Indicates the number of trajectory points in the flight trajectory point queue PtList i of flight Flt i .
  • Pt i, j represents the j-th trajectory point in the point queue PtList i of flight Flt i , Pt i, j ⁇ PtList i ;
  • ETO i, j represents the estimated passing time of aircraft Flt i at Pt i, j , generated by 4D trajectory prediction technology
  • CTO i,j represents the sorting point passing time of aircraft Flt i at Pt i,j , the initial value is ETO i,j ; the sorting time of key points in this method is provided by step 1; the sorting time of other types of points is provided by this method step update;
  • Div(CTO i,j ) represents the difference in sorting transit time CTO i,j assigned to aircraft Flt i in two adjacent calculation cycles at Pt i ,j , unit second.
  • DivLimit Indicates the upper limit of the difference in the sorting pass time assigned to the flight in the adjacent calculation period at the sorting key point, in seconds. In this method, it is set to 60 seconds, and the user can set it according to their own needs.
  • PtPro i,j Indicates the sorting attribute of point Pt i,j , 1: This point is the key point of sorting, 0: Others;
  • PtDelay i, j represents the estimated point-passing delay of aircraft Flt i at Pt i, j , in seconds;
  • [Pt i,j ,Pt i,k ] represents the flight segment from point Pt i,j to point Pt i,k in PtList i , Pt i,j represents the starting point of the flight segment, Pt i,k represents the The end point of the flight segment;
  • SegNum j,k represents the number of small flight segments included in the flight segment [Pt i,j ,Pt i,k ];
  • SegDis j,k represents the flight distance of aircraft Flt i in the flight segment [Pt i,j ,Pt i,k ];
  • SegMinSpeed j, k Indicates the minimum safe flight speed of aircraft Flt i in flight segment [Pt i, j , Pt i, k ]. This parameter is obtained based on aircraft performance or airspace operation restrictions;
  • SegMaxSpeed j, k Indicates the maximum safe flight speed of aircraft Flt i in flight segment [Pt i, j , Pt i, k ]. This parameter is obtained based on aircraft performance or airspace operation restrictions;
  • SegPro j, k Indicates the flight status of aircraft Flt i in the flight segment [Pt i, j , Pt i, k ], 1: indicates level flight, 0: other;
  • SegDelay j, k represents the delay value that aircraft Flt i needs to consume on the flight segment [Pt i, j , Pt i, k ], in seconds;
  • SegDelayTmp j,k a temporary variable indicating the delay that aircraft Flt i needs to consume on the flight segment [Pt i,j ,Pt i,k ], used in the calculation process of this method, in seconds;
  • SegMaxDelay j, k Indicates the maximum positive delay value that aircraft Flt i can consume in the flight segment [Pt i, j , Pt i, k ], in seconds;
  • SegMaxAcc j,k Indicates the maximum negative delay value that aircraft Flt i can consume in the flight segment [Pt i,j ,Pt i,k ], in seconds;
  • Step 2-2 Screen delayed flight segments
  • Pti and bgn be the starting point of the delayed consumption segment in the flight Flt i transit queue PtList i .
  • Step 2-2-1 locate the actual segment of the flight.
  • Step 2-2-2 locate the current reference segment of the flight
  • Step 2-2-3 find the adjacent sorting key points in the previous segment
  • Pt i pre be the sorting key point closest to the current position Pt i , cur in the preceding segment [Pt i, 1 , Pt i, cur ] of flight Flt i.
  • Step 2-2-4 determine whether there are sorting key points between the actual flight position and the reference segment
  • ETO i, cur > ETO i, ref and Pt i, pre ⁇ [Pt i, ref+1 , Pt i, cur ], let Pt i, bgn Pt i, pre and skip to step 2-2-7 ; Otherwise, continue to step 2-2-5;
  • Step 2-2-5 find the adjacent sorting key points in the subsequent flight segments
  • Pt i,aft Pt i,tmp ; otherwise let is the last point in PtList i , that is, the airport runway.
  • the airport runway is also set as a sorting key point.
  • Step 2-2-6 determine whether there is a large fluctuation in the sorting time of subsequent sorting key points
  • Step 2-2-7 determine the flight segments consumed by delays
  • the segments selected by this method to participate in delay consumption are all subsequent segments starting from Pt i, bgn in the transit queue PtList i , that is
  • Step 2-2-8 update the sorting time of the delay consumption segment starting point
  • the starting point of the reference segment of the flight in the figure is Pt i, ref
  • the end point of the reference segment is Pt i, ref+1
  • the starting point of the actual segment is Pt i, cur
  • the end point of the actual segment is Pt i , cur+1
  • the actual flight segment of the aircraft in the figure is earlier than the reference flight segment (that is, closer to the destination airport)
  • the starting point of the actual flight segment Pt i, cur where the aircraft is currently is and the end point of the reference flight segment Pt i, ref+
  • this sorting key point is used as the starting point Pt i,bgn of the delay consumption segment.
  • Step 2-3 Divide flight segments based on sorting key points
  • the delay selected in step 2-2 consumes the flight segment. Split into multiple small segments with overlapping boundary points.
  • the delay consumption segment of flight Flt i is divided into three segments, respectively recorded as Seg1, Seg2, and Seg3.
  • Steps 2-4 divide flight segments according to flight status
  • this method allocates the delay absorption process to the level flight phase of the aircraft. To this end, this method subdivides each segment [Pt i,m ,Pt i,n ] split in step 2-3 again according to the flight status of the aircraft within it.
  • the specific method is as follows.
  • the flight segment [Pt i, m , Pt i, n ] is divided into multiple small flight segments [Pt i, o , Pt i, p ] with overlapping boundary points, and the flight Flt i is in each
  • the motion status within each small flight segment [Pt i, o , Pt i, p ] is consistent, and the flight status mark SegPro o of flight Flt i in each small flight segment [Pt i, o , Pt i, p ] is simultaneously recorded. ,p .
  • the figure shows the vertical section of the flight path of the aircraft on a certain flight segment.
  • the flight segment is divided into three segments, including two level flight segments X1 , X3 is represented by a solid line, and a descending segment X2 is represented by a dotted line.
  • This method only selects the level flight segments in the figure for delay allocation.
  • Steps 2-5 assign segment delays
  • This step allocates the aircraft's sorting delays at key sequencing points to each flight segment based on the aircraft's flight status, flight segment length, and aircraft performance on each flight segment, making the delay absorption process safer and more efficient.
  • Step 2-5-1 calculate the total delay of the flight segment
  • Step 2-5-2 calculate the upper limit of flight segment delay
  • This method estimates the upper limit of the aircraft's delay in the flight segment from a performance perspective based on the aircraft's level flight distance, minimum level flight speed, and maximum level flight speed. The user can adjust it according to needs.
  • each small flight segment divided in the flight segment [Pt i, m , Pt i, n ] be [Pt i, o , Pt i, p ]
  • the flight Flt i is in each small flight segment.
  • the maximum positive delay that can be allocated on a segment is:
  • Step 2-5-3 determine whether the flight segment delay is excessive
  • Step 2-5-4 assign segment delays
  • the flight segment delay distribution results should be as even as possible. This method allocates each level flight segment based on the distance and delay absorption capacity. Delay.
  • Step 2-5-4-1 Assign flight segment delay
  • Step 2-5-4-2 detect delayed allocation results
  • SegDelayTmp m, n 0 is satisfied, it means that the delay of the flight segment [Pt i, m , Pt i, n ] has been allocated, and continue with step 2-5-5; otherwise, return to step 2-5-4-1 and update the flight segment. Delay in assigning results.
  • Step 2-5-5 assign waypoint delays
  • step 2-5-4 the delay SegDelay o,p allocated for flight Flt i on each small flight segment [Pt i, o ,Pt i, p] within the flight segment [Pt i,m,Pt i, n] , calculate the sorting time and delay of the non-sorting key points of flight Flt i in the flight segment [Pt i, m , Pt i, n ], and the sorting time and delay of the sorting key points are generated in advance by step 1.
  • Step 3 Reference track circle generation
  • the function of this step is: based on the flight segment delay allocation results and operating deviation limits, generate a visual spatial position reference target, solve the abstract problem of flight sequencing time, enhance the controller's time-based operating capabilities, and refer to the processing flow of track circle generation As shown in Figure 10.
  • Step 3-2 reference segment positioning
  • Step 3-3 reference position point generation
  • Step 3-4 reference track circle generation
  • ResDiv The deviation limit between the flight's actual transit time at the sorted key point and the sorted transit time. Users can set it according to their needs;
  • ATO i, j the actual transit time of flight Flt i at waypoint Pt i, j ;
  • R The radius of the reference track circle.
  • Step 3-2 reference segment positioning
  • Step 3-3 reference position point generation
  • the interval between two adjacent points in the flight point queue PtList i generated using 4D trajectory prediction technology is usually controlled at the second level (such as 8 seconds). Although the interval is not large, it is not enough to support real-time update requirements; for this reason, in the reference segment Basically, this method uses the differential method to approximately solve the real-time reference position point of the aircraft at the current time of the system to meet the requirements of actual industrial applications.
  • Step 3-4 reference track circle generation
  • the deviation limit ResDiv (such as 10 seconds) is usually set manually at the key point of sorting, as long as the actual transit time ATO i, j of the flight at the key point of sorting satisfies ATO i, j ⁇ [CTO i, j -ResDiv , CTO i, j +ResDiv], which means that the flight operates normally according to the sorting time.
  • this method introduces the concept of reference track circle based on the reference position point in step 3-3, that is, a circle with the reference position point as the center point and R as the radius; as shown in Figure 11, the aircraft icon in the figure Represents the current actual position of flight CSC9376, and the circle with the flight number mark in the figure represents the reference track circle of the flight.
  • the reference track circle of the flight in the figure lags behind the actual position of the flight, indicating that the flight is at the key point of sorting The flight is currently flying too fast and needs to be adjusted.
  • the controller can guide the aircraft into the corresponding reference track circle, he can guide the aircraft through the key points of the sequence while meeting the deviation limits; this method can provide air traffic controllers with time-based planning and Guidance capabilities provide technical support for future TBO operations.
  • step 3 the result generated by the reference track circle is used to plan and guide the aircraft (aircraft).
  • a spatio-temporal conversion method of flight sequencing information in this embodiment is loaded and run in the air traffic control automation system (ATC system, air traffic control system), that is, the processing server of the air traffic control system.
  • ATC system air traffic control system
  • ATC system air traffic control system
  • the present application provides a computer storage medium and a corresponding data processing unit, wherein the computer storage medium can store a computer program.
  • the computer program When the computer program is executed by the data processing unit, the computer program can run the flight sorting information provided by the present invention.
  • the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM) or a random access memory (RAM), etc.
  • the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by means of computer programs and their corresponding general hardware platforms. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are essentially or the parts that contribute to the existing technology can be embodied in the form of a computer program, that is, a software product.
  • the computer program software product can be stored in a storage medium, It includes several instructions to cause a device including a data processing unit (which can be a personal computer, server, microcontroller, MUU or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in various embodiments or certain parts of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • a data processing unit which can be a personal computer, server, microcontroller, MUU or network device, etc.
  • the present invention provides an idea and a method for spatio-temporal conversion of flight sorting information.
  • the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary people in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. All components not specified in this embodiment can be implemented using existing technologies.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种航班排序信息的时空转换方法,旨在解决机场进场管理系统生成的航班时序建议因抽象性特征在实际应用中效果不佳的问题,包括:采用航班排序技术生成航班在终端区内各关键点及跑道的排序时间及延误建议;根据航班当前位置和4D轨迹信息预测航班飞行状态,并筛选延误消耗航段,在此基础上结合航空器性能以及排序信息,生成航段延误分配策略,得到航段延误分配结果;根据航段延误分配结果及运行偏差限制,生成可视化的空间位置参考目标,为管制员按照排序时间引导航空器提供目视参考,便于管制员更精确的按规划时间引导航空器,增强管制员基于时间的规划及运行能力,为我国未来实施TBO运行奠定技术基础。

Description

一种航班排序信息的时空转换方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种信息的时空转换方法,特别是一种航班排序信息的时空转换方法。
背景技术
终端区作为航空网络运行的瓶颈区域,具有交通密度大、空域结构复杂、运行限制繁多等特点,航空器在其内运行时易产生盘旋或者机动现象,降低运行效率,因此欧美等航空发达国家均采用航班排序技术构建机场进场管理系统,以期提升终端区内的交通运行效率。原理上航班排序技术能够综合考虑终端区内各种运行限制,在对航班轨迹进行精确预测基础上,为航班优化分配经过各关键点及跑道的时间,优化终端区容量资源利用,保障交通流安全、有序、高效的流通。然而在实际应用中,航班排序技术生成的航班时序建议具有抽象性特征,管制员难以严格按照排序建议引导航空器,进而导致进场管理系统的实际运行效果未能达到预期。针对上述问题,本发明提出了一种航班排序信息的时空转换方法,能够将抽象的时序建议转换成直观的空间位置参考目标,便于管制员更加精确的按照进场管理系统生成的规划时间引导航空器,增强了管制员基于时间的规划及运行能力,为我国未来实施基于航迹运行(TBO)奠定技术基础。
发明内容
发明目的:本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对现有技术的不足,提供一种航班排序信息的时空转换方法。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明公开了一种航班排序信息的时空转换方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,航班优化排序;采用航班排序技术生成航班在终端区内各关键点及跑道的排序时间及延误建议;
步骤2,航段延误分配;根据航班当前位置和4D轨迹信息预测航班飞行状态,并筛选延误消耗航段,在此基础上结合航空器性能以及排序信息,生成航段延误分配策略,得到航段延误分配结果;
步骤3,参考航迹圈生成;根据航段延误分配结果及运行偏差限制,生成可视化的空间位置参考目标,为管制员按照排序时间引导航空器提供目视参考。
本发明中,步骤2包括:将航班在终端区内各关键点及跑道的排序延误建议,分配到航班的各个飞行航段进行吸收;根据航班当前位置和4D轨迹信息预测航班飞行状态,并筛选延误消耗航段,在此基础上结合航空器性能以及排序信息,生成航段延误分配策略;包括以下步骤:
步骤2-1,变量定义;
步骤2-2,筛选延误消耗航段;
步骤2-3,根据排序关键点划分航段;
步骤2-4,根据飞行状态划分航段;
步骤2-5,分配航段延误,得到航段延误分配结果。
本发明中,步骤2-1所述变量定义包括:
SysTime:为系统当前时间;
Flt i:表示第i架航班;
PtList i:表示航班Flt i的飞行轨迹点队列,该队列根据航班飞行计划生成(采用4D轨迹预测技术),包含飞行航路中的航路点以及航路点间的插值点信息;
PtNum i:表示航班Flt i的飞行轨迹点队列PtList i中轨迹点的个数。
Pt i,j:表示航班Flt i的过点队列PtList i中的第j个轨迹点,Pt i,j∈PtList i
ETO i,j:表示航空器Flt i在Pt i,j处的预计过点时间;
CTO i,j:表示航空器Flt i在Pt i,j处的排序过点时间(本方法中排序关键点的排序时间由步骤1提供;其它类型点的排序时间由本步骤更新),初始值为ETO i,j
Div(CTO i,j):表示航空器Flt i在Pt i,j处的相邻两次计算周期内所分配的排序过点时间CTO i,j的差值(单位为秒);
DivLimit:表示航班在排序关键点处相邻计算周期内分配的排序过点时间的差值上限;
PtPro i,j:表示点Pt i,j的排序属性,取值为1表示该点为排序关键点,取值为0表示其它;
PtDelay i,j:表示航空器Flt i在Pt i,j处的预计过点延误(单位秒);
[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]:表示PtList i中从点Pt i,j到点Pt i,k间的航段,Pt i,j表示该航段的起点,Pt i,k表示该航段的终点,k表示点Pt i,k在队列PtList i中的编号;
SegNum j,k:表示航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]内包含的小航段的个数;
SegDis j,k:表示航空器Flt i在航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]的飞行距离;
SegMinSpeed j,k:表示航空器Flt i在航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]的最低安全飞行速度,该参数根据航空器性能或者空域运行限制获取;
SegMaxSpeed j,k:表示航空器Flt i在航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]的最高安全飞行速度,该参数根据航空器性能或者空域运行限制获取;
SegPro j,k:表示航空器Flt i在航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]的飞行状态,取值为1表示平飞,取值为0表示其它;
SegDelay j,k:表示航空器Flt i在航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]上需要消耗的延误值(单位秒);
SegDelayTmp j,k:表示航空器Flt i在航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]上需要消耗延误的临时变量(本方法计算过程中使用,单位秒);
SegMaxDelay j,k:表示航空器Flt i在航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]的能够消耗的最大正延误值(单位秒);
SegMaxAcc j,k:表示航空器Flt i在航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]的能够消耗的最大负延误值(单位秒)。
本发明中,步骤2-2包括如下步骤:
令Pt i,bgn为航班Flt i过点队列PtList i中参与延误消耗航段的起点,bgn表示点Pt i,bgn在队列PtList i中的编号;
步骤2-2-1,定位航班当前所处实际航段:
根据航班Flt i过点队列PtList i中每个点Pt i,j的预计过点时间ETO i,j,定位航班Flt i当前所处实际航段[Pt i,cur,Pt i,cur+1],且满足SysTime∈[ETO i,cur,ETO i,cur+1];Pt i,cu表示航班Flt i当前所处实际航段的起点,Pt i,cur+1表示航班Flt i当前所处实际航段的终点;cur表示点Pt i,cur在队列PtList i中的编号,cur+1表示点Pt i,cur+1在队列PtList i中的编号;ETO i,cur表示航班Flt i在点Pt i,cur处的预计过点时间,ETO i,cur+1表示航班Flt i在点Pt i,cur+1处的预计过点时间;
步骤2-2-2,定位航班当前所处参考航段:
根据航班Flt i过点队列PtList i中每个点Pt i,j的排序过点时间CTO i,j,定位航班Flt i当前所处参考航段[Pt i,ref,Pt i,ref+1],且满足SysTime∈[CTO i,ref,CTO i,ref+1];Pt i,ref表示航班Flt i当前所处参考航段的起点,Pt i,ref+1表示航班Flt i当前所处参考航段的终点;ref表示点Pt i,ref在队列PtList i中的编号,ref+1表示点Pt i,ref+1在队列PtList i中的编号;CTO i,ref表示航班Flt i在点Pt i,ref处的排序过点时间,CTO i,ref+1表示航班Flt i在点Pt i,ref+1处的排序过点时间;
步骤2-2-3,寻找前序航段中临近的排序关键点:
令Pt i,pre为航班Flt i前序航段[Pt i,1,Pt i,cur]中离当前位置Pt i,cur最近的排序关键点,Pre表示点Pt i,pre在队列PtList i中的编号;
令Pt i,tmp为本方法计算过程中航班Flt i飞行轨迹点的中间变量,tmp表示点Pt i,tmp在队列PtList i中的编号;
如果满足
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000001
且满足:
Min{(ETO i,cur-ETO i,tmp+1)*PtPro i,tmp}>0          (1)
则令Pt i,pre=Pt i,tmp,继续执行步骤2-2-4;否则令
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000002
并执行步骤2-2-5;
步骤2-2-4,判断航班实际位置与参考航段间是否存在排序关键点:
如果满足ETO i,cur>ETO i,ref且Pt i,pre∈[Pt i,ref+1,Pt i,cur],令Pt i,bgn=Pt i,pre,执行步骤2-2-7;否则继续执行步骤2-2-5;
步骤2-2-5,寻找后续航段中临近的排序关键点:
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000003
为航班Flt i飞行轨迹点队列PtList i中的最后一个点;
令Pt i,aft为航班Flt i后续航段
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000004
中离当前位置Pt i,cur最近的排序关键点,aft表示点Pt i,aft在队列PtList i中的编号;
如果满足
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000005
且满足:
Min{(ETO i,tmp-ETO i,cur)*PtPro i,tmp}>0           (2)
则令Pt i,aft=Pt i,tmp;否则令
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000006
步骤2-2-6,判断后续排序关键点的排序时间是否存在一定波动,方法包括:
计算航班Flt i在排序关键点Pt i,aft处,当前分配的排序时间与上一次计算分配的排序时间的差值Div(CTO i,aft),并根据Div(CTO i,aft)筛选延误消耗航段的起点Pt i,bgn,方法如下:
如果是初次运算,则令Div(CTO i,aft)=0;
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000007
步骤2-2-7,确定延误消耗航段:
对于航班Flt i,筛选的参与延误消耗的航段为过点队列PtList i中从Pt i,bgn开始的所有后续航段,即
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000008
步骤2-2-8,更新延误消耗航段起点的排序时间:
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000009
如果是第一次计算,则令PtList i中所有非排序关键点Pt i,j的排序时间CTO i,j=ETO i,j;否则此处所有非排序关键点的CTO i,j采用上一次运算结果。
本发明中,步骤2-3所述根据排序关键点划分航段,包括:根据航空器Flt i的过点队列PtList i中的排序关键点信息,将步骤2-2中选定的延误消耗航段
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000010
拆分成多份边界点重叠的小航段,方法如下:
步骤2-3-1,在航班的过点队列PtList i中设置待划分子航段的开始点,记为Pt i,m且令Pt i,m=Pt i,bgn,m表示点Pt i,m在队列PtList i中的编号
步骤2-3-2,在PtList i中从Pt i,m之后寻找最临近的排序关键点,作为待划分子航段终点,记为Pt i,n,n表示点Pt i,n在队列PtList i中的编号,则划分出的子航段记为[Pt i,m,Pt i,n];
步骤2-3-3,令Pt i,m=Pt i,n,重复步骤2-3-2,直至PtList i中的最后一点;
则本步骤中拆分出的所有子航段满足以下条件:
条件1:
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000011
条件2:
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000012
条件3:
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000013
本发明中,步骤2-4中所述根据飞行状态划分航段的方法为,对于步骤2-3中拆分的每个航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n],根据航空器在其内的飞行状态再次细分,方法包括:
根据航空器的飞行状态,将航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]拆分成多份边界点重叠的小航段[Pt i,o,Pt i,p],o表示点Pt i,o在队列PtList i中的编号,p表示点Pt i,p在队列PtList i中的编号,且航班Flt i在每个小航段[Pt i,o,Pt i,p]内的运动状态一致,同步记录航班Flt i在每个小航段[Pt i,o,Pt i,p]内的飞行状态标记SegPro o,p
将本步骤从航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]中拆分出的小航段个数记为SegNum m,n,所有小航段满足以下条件:
条件1:
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000014
条件2:
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000015
条件3:
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000016
本发明中,步骤2-5所述分配航段延误方法为,根据航空器在各个航段上的飞行状态、航段长度及航空器性能,将航空器在排序关键点处的排序延误分配到各个航段上;
针对航班Flt i在步骤2-3中划分的每个子航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n],依次进行以下步骤:
步骤2-5-1,计算航段总延误:
计算航班Flt i在航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]上需要消耗的总延误为:
SegDelay m,n=(CTO i,n-ETO i,n)-(CTO i,m-ETO i,m)      (5)
步骤2-5-2,计算航段延误上限:
根据航空器在航段中的平飞距离、最小平飞速度及最大平飞速度,从性能角度估计航空器在该 航段的延误上限;
参照步骤2-4,令航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]中划分的每个小航段为[Pt i,o,Pt i,p],则航班Flt i在每个小航段上能够分配的最大正延误为:
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000017
航班Flt i在小航段[Pt i,o,Pt i,p]上能够分配的最大提前量为:
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000018
则航班Flt i在航段上[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]能够分配的延误上限为:
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000019
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000020
步骤2-5-3,判断航段延误是否超量:
如果满足下述任一条件则表示航班Flt i在航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]上延误过量,提示该航班需要通过人工引导进行延误吸收,并返回步骤2-5-1继续处理下一个子航段;否则,表示延误在可接受范围内,并继续后续步骤处理;
航段延误超量条件如下:
条件1:SegDelay m,n>0&&SegDelay m,n>SegMaxDelay m,n
条件2:SegDelay m,n<0&&|SegDelay m,n|>SegMaxAcc m,n
步骤2-5-4,分配航段延误:
根据每个平飞航段的距离及延误吸收能力为其分配延误,方法包括:
令SegDelayTmp m,n为本步骤中航班Flt i在航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]上需要吸收的延误,且SegDelayTmp m,n=SegDelay m,n
初始化航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]内每个小航段[Pt i,o,Pt i,p]的延误,令其SegDelay o,p=0;
步骤2-5-5,分配航路点延误:
根据步骤2-5-4为航班Flt i在航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]内每个小航段[Pt i,o,Pt i,p]上分配的延误SegDelay o,p,计算航班Flt i在航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]内的非排序关键点的排序时间及延误,而对于排序关键点的排序时间及延误则由步骤1生成;
从航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]的起点开始,对于该航段内的任意一点Pt i,q,q表示点Pt i,q在队列PtList i中的编号,定位其所属小航段,即Pt i,q∈[Pt i,o,Pt i,p],则该点所需分配的延误如下:
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000021
则点Pt i,q的排序时间为:
CTO i,q=ETO i,q+PtDelay i,q          (14)。
本发明中,步骤2-5-4包括如下步骤:
步骤2-5-4-1分配航段延误:
对于航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]内的每个小航段[Pt i,o,Pt i,p],则根据其平飞距离分配延误的计算方法如下:
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000022
根据航段延误吸收能力进行修正,方法如下:
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000023
步骤2-5-4-2,检测延误分配结果:
检测航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]中是否存在延误未被分配,方法如下:
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000024
如果满足SegDelayTmp m,n=0,说明航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]的延误分配完毕,继续步骤2-5-5;否则返回步骤2-5-4-1,更新航段延误分配结果。
本发明中,步骤3包括如下步骤:
步骤3-1,变量定义;
步骤3-2,参考航段定位;
步骤3-3,参考位置点生成;
步骤3-4,参考航迹圈生成;
其中,步骤3-1,变量定义包括:
Lat(Pt i,j):表示航班Flt i在航路点Pt i,j的纬度;
Lon(Pt i,j):表示航班Flt i在航路点Pti ,j的经度;
Velo(Pt i,j):表示航班Flt i经过航路点Pt i,j的速度建议;
ResDiv:表示航班在排序关键点处实际过点时间与排序过点时间的偏差限制;
ATO i,j:表示航班Flt i在航路点Pt i,j处的实际过点时间;
R:表示参考航迹圈的半径;
步骤3-2,参考航段定位:
根据步骤2-5-5中计算的航班Flt i过点队列PtList i中每个点Pt i,j的排序过点时间CTO i,j,重新定位航班Flt i当前所处参考航段[Pt i,ref,Pt i,ref+1],且需满足SysTime∈[CTO i,ref,CTO i,ref+1];
步骤3-3,参考位置点生成:
采用差分方法近似求解航空器在系统当前时间的实时参考位置点,方法包括:
令Pt i,x为航班Flt i当前的参考位置点,x表示点Pt i,x在队列PtList i中的编号,参照步骤3-2令航班Flt i当前所处参考航段为[Pt i,ref,Pt i,ref+1],则参考位置点的相关信息计算方法如下:
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000025
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000026
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000027
本发明中,步骤3-4包括如下步骤:
当航班在排序关键点处的实际过点时间ATO i,j满足:
ATO i,j∈[CTO i,j-ResDiv,CTO i,j+ResDiv]
即表示该航班按照排序时间正常运行;
在步骤3-3的参考位置点基础上引入参考航迹圈,即以参考位置点为中心点,以R为半径的圆形;参考航迹圈的半径计算公式为:
R=Velo(Pt i,x)*ResDiv           (18)。
本发明根据步骤3的参考航迹圈生成的结果,规划引导航空器(飞机)。
本发明所述方法装载运行于空管自动化系统的处理服务器中。
有益效果:
本发明所述方法能够将机场进场管理系统生成的抽象的航班时序建议转换成直观的空间位置参考目标,便于管制员更加精确的按照进场管理系统生成的规划时间引导航空器,增强管制员基于时间的规划及运行能力,为我国未来实施TBO运行奠定技术基础。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做更进一步的具体说明,本发明的上述和/或其他方面的优点将会变得更加清楚。
图1是本发明的总体流程示意图。
图2是本发明的排序关键点信息展示示意图。
图3是本发明的航段延误分配处理流程示意图。
图4是本发明的延误消耗航段筛选场景示例一的示意图。
图5是本发明的延误消耗航段筛选场景示例二的示意图。
图6是本发明的延误消耗航段筛选场景示例三的示意图。
图7是本发明的延误消耗航段筛选场景示例四的示意图。
图8是本发明的根据排序关键点划分航段示意图。
图9是本发明的根据飞行状态划分航段示意图。
图10是本发明的参考航迹圈生成处理流程示意图。
图11是本发明的航空器参考航迹圈应用示例图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
如图1所示,本发明方法包括如下步骤:
步骤1、航班优化排序;采用航班排序技术生成航班在终端区内各关键点及跑道的排序时间及延误建议。
步骤2、航段延误分配;根据航班当前位置、4D轨迹信息预测航班飞行状态,并筛选延误消耗航段,在此基础上结合航空器性能以及排序信息,生成航段延误分配策略。
步骤3、参考航迹圈生成;根据航段延误分配结果及运行偏差限制,生成可视化的空间位置参考目标,为管制员按照排序时间引导航空器提供目视参考。
步骤1,航班优化排序
本步骤功能为:航班排序算法能够综合考虑终端区内各种运行限制,生成航班在终端区内各关键点及机场跑道的排序时间及延误建议,以保障交通流能够安全、有序、高效的流通,具体方法参考前期专利《一种多跑道机场进场航班多效能优化排序方法》。
注1:终端区内的关键点通常是指走廊口点、内部汇聚点或者用户指定的关注点等,途径该点的航空器会被分配排序时间。本方法将航班飞行轨迹(即航班4D轨迹)中的该类点以及机场跑道称之为排序关键点,如图2中圆圈标注的点所示,图中飞机从当前位置到机场着陆会经过3个排序关键点。
注2:航班4D轨迹信息由4D轨迹预测技术生成,4D轨迹预测技术是民航业界对航班飞行航迹进行预测的一种通用技术。
步骤2,航段延误分配
本步骤功能为:将航班在终端区内各关键点及跑道的排序延误建议,分配到航班的各个飞行航段进行吸收,以便更加精准的执行航班在排序关键点的排序时间。因此,本步骤根据航班当前位置、4D轨迹信息预测航班飞行状态,并筛选延误消耗航段,在此基础上结合航空器性能以及排序信息,生成航段延误分配策略,处理流程如图3所示。
包括如下步骤:
步骤2-1,变量定义
步骤2-2,筛选延误消耗航段
步骤2-3,根据排序关键点划分航段
步骤2-4,根据飞行状态划分航段
步骤2-5,分配航段延误
步骤2-1,变量定义
SysTime:为系统当前时间;
Flt i:表示第i架航班;
PtList i:表示航班Flt i的飞行轨迹点队列,该队列根据航班飞行计划,采用4D轨迹预测技术生成,包含了飞行航路中的航路点以及航路点间的插值点信息;
PtNum i:表示航班Flt i的飞行轨迹点队列PtList i中轨迹点的个数。
Pt i,j:表示航班Flt i的过点队列PtList i中的第j个轨迹点,Pt i,j∈PtList i
ETO i,j:表示航空器Flt i在Pt i,j处的预计过点时间,由4D轨迹预测技术生成;
CTO i,j:表示航空器Flt i在Pt i,j处的排序过点时间,初始值为ETO i,j;本方法中排序关键点的排序时间由步骤1提供;其它类型点的排序时间由本步骤更新;
Div(CTO i,j):表示航空器Flt i在Pt i,j处的相邻两次计算周期内所分配的排序过点时间CTO i,j的差值,单位秒。
DivLimit:表示航班在排序关键点处相邻计算周期内分配的排序过点时间的差值上限,单位秒,本方法中设置为60秒,用户可根据自身需求进行设置。
PtPro i,j:表示点Pt i,j的排序属性,1:该点为排序关键点,0:其它;
PtDelay i,j:表示航空器Flt i在Pt i,j处的预计过点延误,单位秒;
[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]:表示PtList i中从点Pt i,j到点Pt i,k间的航段,Pt i,j表示该航段的起点,Pt i,k表示该航段的终点;
SegNum j,k:表示航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]内包含的小航段的个数;
SegDis j,k:表示航空器Flt i在航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]的飞行距离;
SegMinSpeed j,k:表示航空器Flt i在航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]的最低安全飞行速度,该参数根据航空器性能或者空域运行限制获取;
SegMaxSpeed j,k:表示航空器Flt i在航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]的最高安全飞行速度,该参数根据航空器性能或者空域运行限制获取;
SegPro j,k:表示航空器Flt i在航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]的飞行状态,1:表示平飞,0:其它;
SegDelay j,k:表示航空器Flt i在航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]上需要消耗的延误值,单位秒;
SegDelayTmp j,k:表示航空器Flt i在航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]上需要消耗延误的临时变量,本方法计算过程中使用,单位秒;
SegMaxDelay j,k:表示航空器Flt i在航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]的能够消耗的最大正延误值,单位秒;
SegMaxAcc j,k:表示航空器Flt i在航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]的能够消耗的最大负延误值,单位秒;
步骤2-2筛选延误消耗航段
为提高本方法生成的参考航迹圈在周期性计算中的稳定性(减少随时间变化,参考航迹圈位置出现频繁跳变导致用户无法正常使用的问题),同时能够兼顾当发生参考航迹圈与航空器实际位置出现较大偏差、或者排序关键点的排序时间出现较大波动时能够及时修正的需求,本方法中采用下述方法筛选延误消耗航段;参考航迹圈的概念在步骤3中描述。
令Pti ,bgn为航班Flt i过点队列PtList i中参与延误消耗航段的起点。
步骤2-2-1,定位航班当前所处实际航段
根据航班Flt i过点队列PtList i中每个点Pt i,j的预计过点时间ETO i,j,定位航班Flt i当前所处实际航段[Pt i,cur,Pt i,cur+1],且需满足SysTime∈[ETO i,cur,ETO i,cur+1]。
步骤2-2-2,定位航班当前所处参考航段
根据航班Flt i过点队列PtList i中每个点Pt i,j的排序过点时间CTO i,j,定位航班Flt i当前所处参考航段[Pt i,ref,Pt i,ref+1],且需满足SysTime∈[CTO i,ref,CTO i,ref+1]。
步骤2-2-3,寻找前序航段中临近的排序关键点
令Pt i,pre为航班Flt i前序航段[Pt i,1,Pt i,cur]中离当前位置Pt i,cur最近的排序关键点。
令Pt i,tmp为本方法计算过程中航班Flt i飞行轨迹点的中间变量。
如果满足
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000028
使得
Min{(ETO i,cur-ETO i,tmp+1)*PtPro i,tmp}>0          (1)
则令Pt i,pre=Pt i,tmp,继续步骤2-2-4;否则令
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000029
跳至步骤2-2-5。
步骤2-2-4,判断航班实际位置与参考航段间是否存在排序关键点
如果满足ETO i,cur>ETO i,ref且Pt i,pre∈[Pt i,ref+1,Pt i,cur],令Pt i,bgn=Pt i,pre,跳至步骤2-2-7;否则继续步骤2-2-5;
步骤2-2-5,寻找后续航段中临近的排序关键点
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000030
为航班Flt i飞行轨迹点队列PtList i中的最后一个点;
令Pt i,aft为航班Flt i后续航段
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000031
中离当前位置Pt i,cur最近的排序关键点。
如果满足
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000032
使得
Min{(ETO i,tmp-ETO i,cur)*PtPro i,tmp}>0           (2)
则令Pt i,aft=Pt i,tmp;否则令
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000033
为PtList i中的最后一点,即机场跑道,本方法中将机场跑道也设置为排序关键点。
步骤2-2-6,判断后续排序关键点的排序时间是否存在较大波动
计算航班Flt i在排序关键点Pt i,aft处,当前分配的排序时间与上一次计算分配的排序时间的差值Div(CTO i,aft),并根据Div(CTO i,aft)筛选延误消耗航段的起点Pt i,bgn;如果是初次运算,令 Div(CTO i,aft)=0。
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000034
步骤2-2-7,确定延误消耗航段
对于航班Flt i,本方法筛选的参与延误消耗的航段为过点队列PtList i中从Pt i,bgn开始的所有后续航段,即
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000035
步骤2-2-8,更新延误消耗航段起点的排序时间
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000036
如图4所示情景,图中航班的参考航段起点为Pt i,ref,参考航段终点为Pt i,ref+1,实际航段起点为Pt i,cur,实际航段终点为Pt i,cur+1,图中航空器实际航段比参考航段靠前(即更加接近目的地机场),且在航空器当前所处实际航段起点Pt i,cur与参考航段终点Pt i,ref+1间存在一个排序关键点Pt i,pre,则将该排序关键点作为延误消耗航段的起点Pt i,bgn
如图5所示情景,图中航空器实际航段与参考航段间不存在排序关键点,且后续相邻排序关键点Pt i,aft满足|Div(CTO i,aft)|<DivLimit,则以图5中的参考航段起点Pt i,ref作为延误消耗航段的起点Pt i,bgn
如图6所示情景,图中航空器当前位置前序航段中不存在排序关键点,即满足
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000037
且后续相邻排序关键点Pt i,aft满足|Div(CTO i,aft)|≥DivLimit,则以图6中的实际航段起点Pt i,cur作为延误消耗航段的起点Pt i,bgn
如图7所示情景,图中航空器当前位置前序航段中存在临近排序关键点Pt i,pre,且后续相邻排序关键点Pt i,aft满足|Div(CTO i,aft)|≥DivLimit,则以图7中的排序关键点Pt i,pre作为延误消耗航段的起点Pt i,bgn
注3:如果是第一次计算,则此处令PtList i中所有非排序关键点Pt i,j的排序时间CTO i,j=ETO i,j;否则此处所有非排序关键点的CTO i,j采用上一次运算结果。
步骤2-3,根据排序关键点划分航段
根据航空器Flt i的过点队列PtList i中的排序关键点信息,将步骤2-2中选定的延误消耗航段
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000038
拆分成多份边界点重叠的小航段。
具体过程如下:
1)在航班的过点队列PtList i中设置待划分子航段的开始点,记为Pt i,m且令Pt i,m=Pt i,bgn
2)在PtList i中从Pt i,m之后寻找最临近的排序关键点,作为待划分子航段终点,记为Pt i,n,则划分出的子航段记为[Pt i,m,Pt i,n];
3)令Pt i,m=Pt i,n,重复步骤2),直至PtList i中的最后一点。
则本步骤中拆分出的所有子航段需满足以下条件:
1)
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000039
2)
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000040
3)
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000041
以图8为例,根据参与排序的关键点信息,将航班Flt i的延误消耗航段划分为3段,分别记为Seg1,Seg2,Seg3。
步骤2-4,根据飞行状态划分航段
实际运行中,鉴于航空器在爬升或者下降等机动阶段的操作复杂性及安全性,本方法将延误吸收过程分配在航空器的平飞阶段。为此,本方法对于步骤2-3中拆分的每个航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n],根据航空器在其内的飞行状态再次细分,具体方法如下述。
根据航空器的飞行状态,将航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]拆分成多份边界点重叠的小航段[Pt i,o,Pt i,p],且航班Flt i在每个小航段[Pt i,o,Pt i,p]内的运动状态一致,同步记录航班Flt i在每个小航段[Pt i,o,Pt i,p]内的飞行状态标记SegPro o,p
将本步骤从航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]中拆分出的小航段个数记为SegNum m,n,且所有小航段需满足以下条件:
1)
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000042
2)
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000043
3)
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000044
如图9所示,该图展示了航空器在某一航段上飞行轨迹的垂直剖面,根据航空器在其内的运动状态,将该航段拆分成三段,其中两个平飞航段X1、X3用实线表示、一个下降航段X2用虚线表示。本方法仅挑选图中平飞航段进行延误分配。
步骤2-5,分配航段延误
本步骤根据航空器在各个航段上的飞行状态、航段长度、及航空器性能,将航空器在排序关键点处的排序延误分配到各个航段上,便于延误吸收过程更加安全高效。
针对航班Flt i在步骤2-3划分的每个子航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n],依次进行以下处理。
步骤2-5-1,计算航段总延误
计算航班Flt i在航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]上需要消耗的总延误为:
SegDelay m,n=(CTO i,n-ETO i,n)-(CTO i,m-ETO i,m)     (5)
步骤2-5-2,计算航段延误上限
本方法根据航空器在航段中的平飞距离、最小平飞速度及最大平飞速度,从性能角度估计航空器在该航段的延误上限,用户可根据需求进行调整。
参照步骤2-4,令航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]中划分的每个小航段为[Pt i,o,Pt i,p],则航班Flt i在每个小航段上能够分配的最大正延误为:
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000045
航班Flt i在小航段[Pt i,o,Pt i,p]上能够分配的最大提前量为:
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000046
则航班Flt i在航段上[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]能够分配的延误上限为:
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000047
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000048
步骤2-5-3,判断航段延误是否超量
如果满足下述任一条件则表示航班Flt i在航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]上延误过量,需提示管制员该航班需要人工引导进行延误吸收,并返回步骤2-5-1继续处理下一个子航段。否则,说明延误在可接受范围内,则继续后续步骤处理。
航段延误超量条件:
1)SegDelay m,n>0&&SegDelay m,n>SegMaxDelay m,n
2)SegDelay m,n<0&&|SegDelay m,n|>SegMaxAcc m,n
步骤2-5-4,分配航段延误
为减少延误吸收过程中管制员所需发布的指令以及飞行员所需采取的操作,应使得航段延误分配结果尽可能均匀,本方法根据每个平飞航段的距离及延误吸收能力为其分配延误。
令SegDelayTmp m,n为本步骤中航班Flt i在航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]上需要吸收的延误,且SegDelayTmp m,n=SegDelay m,n
初始化航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]内每个小航段[Pt i,o,Pt i,p]的延误,令其SegDelay o,p=0。
步骤2-5-4-1分配航段延误
对于航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]内的每个小航段[Pt i,o,Pt i,p],则根据其平飞距离分配延误的公式如下:
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000049
为保障航段延误分配结果的可行性,根据航段延误吸收能力进行修正,方法如下:
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000050
步骤2-5-4-2,检测延误分配结果
检测航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]中是否存在延误未被分配,方法如下:
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000051
如果满足SegDelayTmp m,n=0,说明航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]的延误分配完毕,继续步骤2-5-5;否则返回步骤2-5-4-1,更新航段延误分配结果。
步骤2-5-5,分配航路点延误
根据步骤2-5-4为航班Flt i在航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]内每个小航段[Pt i,o,Pt i,p]上分配的延误SegDelay o,p,计算航班Flt i在航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]内的非排序关键点的排序时间及延误,而对于排序关键点的排序时间及延误事先由步骤1生成。
从航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]的起点开始,对于该航段内的任意一点Pt i,q,定位其所属小航段,即Pt i,q∈[Pt i,o,Pt i,p],则该点所需分配的延误如下:
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000052
则点Pt i,q的排序时间为:
CTO i,q=ETO i,q+PtDelay i,q      (14)
步骤3,参考航迹圈生成
本步骤功能为:根据航段延误分配结果及运行偏差限制,生成可视化的空间位置参考目标,解决航班排序时间的抽象性问题,增强管制员基于时间的运行能力,参考航迹圈生成的处理流程如图10所示。
包括如下步骤:
步骤3-1,变量定义
步骤3-2,参考航段定位
步骤3-3,参考位置点生成
步骤3-4,参考航迹圈生成
步骤3-1,变量定义
Lat(Pt i,j):航班Flt i在航路点Pt i,j的纬度;
Lon(Pt i,j):航班Flt i在航路点Pt i,j的经度;
Velo(Pt i,j):航班Flt i经过航路点Pt i,j的速度建议;
ResDiv:航班在排序关键点处实际过点时间与排序过点时间的偏差限制,用户可根据需求设置;
ATO i,j:航班Flt i在航路点Pt i,j处的实际过点时间;
R:参考航迹圈的半径。
步骤3-2,参考航段定位
根据步骤2-5-5中计算的航班Flt i过点队列PtList i中每个点Pt i,j的排序过点时间CTO i,j,重新定位航班Flt i当前所处参考航段[Pt i,ref,Pt i,ref+1],且需满足SysTime∈[CTO i,ref,CTO i,ref+1]。
步骤3-3,参考位置点生成
采用4D轨迹预测技术生成的航班过点队列PtList i中相邻两点的间隔通常控制在秒级(比如8秒),虽然间隔不大,但不足以支撑实时更新需求;为此在参考航段基础上,本方法采用差分方法近似求解航空器在系统当前时间的实时参考位置点,以满足实际工业应用要求。
令Pt i,x为航班Flt i当前的参考位置点,参照步骤3-2令航班Flt i当前所处参考航段为 [Pt i,ref,Pt i,ref+1],则参考位置点的相关信息计算方法如下:
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000053
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000054
Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-000055
步骤3-4,参考航迹圈生成
从实际应用角度考虑,通常情况下,要求管制员按照步骤1中生成的排序关键点的排序时间分秒不差的引导航空器经过排序关键点是非常困难的。因此,通常会由人工在排序关键点处设置偏差限制ResDiv(比如10秒),只要航班在排序关键点处的实际过点时间ATO i,j满足ATO i,j∈[CTO i,j-ResDiv,CTO i,j+ResDiv],即表示该航班按照排序时间正常运行。
因此,本方法在步骤3-3的参考位置点基础上引入参考航迹圈的概念,即以参考位置点为中心点,以R为半径的圆形;如图11所示,图中飞机图标表示航班CSC9376当前实际位置,而图中带有该航班号标志的圆圈表示该航班的参考航迹圈,图中该航班的参考航迹圈落后于航班实际位置,表明根据该航班在排序关键点处的排序时间及偏差限制,该航班当前飞行过快,需要进行调整。
参考航迹圈的半径计算公式为:
R=Velo(Pt i,x)*ResDiv        (18)
在实际运行中,管制员如能将航空器引导进入对应的参考航迹圈内,便可以在满足偏差限制的前提下引导飞机经过排序关键点;本方法能够为航空管制员提供基于时间的规划与引导能力,为未来TBO运行提供技术支撑。
步骤3的参考航迹圈生成的结果,规划引导航空器(飞机)。
本实施例的一种航班排序信息的时空转换方法,装载且运行于空管自动化系统(ATC system,air traffic control system)即空中交通管制系统的处理服务器中。
具体实现中,本申请提供计算机存储介质以及对应的数据处理单元,其中,该计算机存储介质能够存储计算机程序,所述计算机程序通过数据处理单元执行时可运行本发明提供的一种航班排序信息的时空转换方法的发明内容以及各实施例中的部分或全部步骤。所述的存储介质可为磁碟、光盘、只读存储记忆体(read-only memory,ROM)或随机存储记忆体(random access memory,RAM)等。
本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到本发明实施例中的技术方案可借助计算机程序以及其对应的通用硬件平台的方式来实现。基于这样的理解,本发明实施例中的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以计算机程序即软件产品的形式体现出来,该计算机程序软件产品可以存储在存储介质中,包括若干指令用以使得一台包含数据处理单元的设备(可以是个人计算机,服务器,单片机,MUU或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例或者实施例的某些部分所述的方法。
本发明提供了一种航班排序信息的时空转换方法的思路及方法,具体实现该技术方案的方法和途径很多,以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。本实施例中未明确的各组成部分均可用现有技术加以实现。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种航班排序信息的时空转换方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
    步骤1,航班优化排序;采用航班排序技术生成航班在终端区内各关键点及跑道的排序时间及延误建议;
    步骤2,航段延误分配;根据航班当前位置和4D轨迹信息预测航班飞行状态,并筛选延误消耗航段,在此基础上结合航空器性能以及排序信息,生成航段延误分配策略,得到航段延误分配结果;
    步骤3,参考航迹圈生成;根据航段延误分配结果及运行偏差限制,生成可视化的空间位置参考目标,为管制员按照排序时间引导航空器提供目视参考。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种航班排序信息的时空转换方法,其特征在于,步骤2包括:将航班在终端区内各关键点及跑道的排序延误建议,分配到航班的各个飞行航段进行吸收;根据航班当前位置和4D轨迹信息预测航班飞行状态,并筛选延误消耗航段,在此基础上结合航空器性能以及排序信息,生成航段延误分配策略;包括以下步骤:
    步骤2-1,变量定义;
    步骤2-2,筛选延误消耗航段;
    步骤2-3,根据排序关键点划分航段;
    步骤2-4,根据飞行状态划分航段;
    步骤2-5,分配航段延误,得到航段延误分配结果。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种航班排序信息的时空转换方法,其特征在于,步骤2-1所述变量定义包括:
    SysTime:为系统当前时间;
    Flt i:表示第i架航班;
    PtList i:表示航班Flt i的飞行轨迹点队列,该队列根据航班飞行计划生成,包含飞行航路中的航路点以及航路点间的插值点信息;
    PtNum i:表示航班Flt i的飞行轨迹点队列PtList i中轨迹点的个数;
    Pt i,j:表示航班Flt i的过点队列PtList i中的第j个轨迹点,Pt i,j∈PtList i
    ETO i,j:表示航空器Flt i在Pt i,j处的预计过点时间;
    CTO i,j:表示航空器Flt i在Pt i,j处的排序过点时间,初始值为ETO i,j
    Div(CTO i,j):表示航空器Flt i在Pt i,j处的相邻两次计算周期内所分配的排序过点时间CTO i,j的差值;
    DivLimit:表示航班在排序关键点处相邻计算周期内分配的排序过点时间的差值上限;
    PtPro i,j:表示点Pt i,j的排序属性,取值为1表示该点为排序关键点,取值为0表示其它;
    PtDelay i,j:表示航空器Flt i在Pt i,j处的预计过点延误;
    [Pt i,j,Pt i,k]:表示PtList i中从点Pt i,j到点Pt i,k间的航段,Pt i,j表示该航段的起点,Pt i,k表示该航段的终点,k表示点Pt i,k在队列PtList i中的编号;
    SegNum j,k:表示航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]内包含的小航段的个数;
    SegDis j,k:表示航空器Flt i在航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]的飞行距离;
    SegMinSpeed j,k:表示航空器Flt i在航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]的最低安全飞行速度,该参数根据航空器性能或者空域运行限制获取;
    SegMaxSpeed j,k:表示航空器Flt i在航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]的最高安全飞行速度,该参数根据航空器性能或者空域运行限制获取;
    SegPro j,k:表示航空器Flt i在航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]的飞行状态,取值为1表示平飞,取值为0表示其它;
    SegDelay j,k:表示航空器Flt i在航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]上需要消耗的延误值;
    SegDelayTmp j,k:表示航空器Flt i在航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]上需要消耗延误的临时变量;
    SegMaxDelay j,k:表示航空器Flt i在航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]的能够消耗的最大正延误值;
    SegMaxAcc j,k:表示航空器Flt i在航段[Pt i,j,Pt i,k]的能够消耗的最大负延误值。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种航班排序信息的时空转换方法,其特征在于,步骤2-2包括如下步骤:
    令Pt i,bgn为航班Flt i过点队列PtList i中参与延误消耗航段的起点,bgn表示点Pt i,bgn在队列PtList i中的编号;
    步骤2-2-1,定位航班当前所处实际航段:
    根据航班Flt i过点队列PtList i中每个点Pt i,j的预计过点时间ETO i,j,定位航班Flt i当前所处实际航段[Pt i,cur,Pt i,cur+1],且满足SysTime∈[ETO i,cur,ETO i,cur+1];Pt i,cur表示航班Flt i当前所处实际航段的起点,Pt i,cur+1表示航班Flt i当前所处实际航段的终点;cur表示点Pt i,cur在队列PtList i中的编号,cur+1表示点Pt i,cur+1在队列PtList i中的编号;ETO i,cur表示航班Flt i在点Pt i,cur处的预计过点时间,ETO i,cur+1表示航班Flt i在点Pt i,cur+1处的预计过点时间;
    步骤2-2-2,定位航班当前所处参考航段:
    根据航班Flt i过点队列PtList i中每个点Pt i,j的排序过点时间CTO i,j,定位航班Flt i当前所处参考航段[Pt i,ref,Pt i,ref+1],且满足SysTime∈[CTO i,ref,CTO i,ref+1];Pt i,ref表示航班Flt i当前所处参考航段的起点,Pt i,ref+1表示航班Flt i当前所处参考航段的终点;ref表示点Pt i,ref在队列PtList i中的编号,ref+1表示点Pt i,ref+1在队列PtList i中的编号;CTO i,ref表示航班Flt i在点Pt i,ref处的排序过点时间,CTO i,ref+1表示航班Flt i在点Pt i,ref+1处的排序过点时间;
    步骤2-2-3,寻找前序航段中临近的排序关键点:
    令Pt i,pre为航班Flt i前序航段[Pt i,1,Pt i,cur]中离当前位置Pt i,cur最近的排序关键点,Pre表示点Pt i,pre在队列PtList i中的编号;
    令Pt i,tmp为本方法计算过程中航班Flt i飞行轨迹点的中间变量,tmp表示点Pt i,tmp在队列PtList i中的编号;
    如果满足
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100001
    且满足:
    Min{(ETO i,cur-ETO i,tmp+1)*PtPro i,tmp}>0   (1)
    则令Pt i,pre=Pt i,tmp,继续执行步骤2-2-4;否则令
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100002
    并执行步骤2-2-5;
    步骤2-2-4,判断航班实际位置与参考航段间是否存在排序关键点:
    如果满足ETO i,cur>ETO i,ref且Pt i,pre∈[Pt i,ref+1,Pt i,cur],令Pt i,bgn=Pt i,pre,执行步骤2-2-7;否则继续执行步骤2-2-5;
    步骤2-2-5,寻找后续航段中临近的排序关键点:
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100003
    为航班Flt i飞行轨迹点队列PtList i中的最后一个点;
    令Pt i,aft为航班Flt i后续航段
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100004
    中离当前位置Pt i,cur最近的排序关键点,aft表示点Pt i,aft在队列PtList i中的编号;
    如果满足
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100005
    且满足:
    Min{(ETO i,tmp-ETO i,cur)*PtPro i,tmp}>0   (2)
    则令Pt i,aft=Pt i,tmp;否则令
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100006
    步骤2-2-6,判断后续排序关键点的排序时间是否存在一定波动,方法包括:
    计算航班Flt i在排序关键点Pt i,aft处,当前分配的排序时间与上一次计算分配的排序时间的差值Div(CTO i,aft),并根据Div(CTO i,aft)筛选延误消耗航段的起点Pt i,bgn,方法如下:
    如果是初次运算,则令Div(CTO i,aft)=0;
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100007
    步骤2-2-7,确定延误消耗航段:
    对于航班Flt i,筛选的参与延误消耗的航段为过点队列PtList i中从Pt i,bgn开始的所有后续航段,即
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100008
    步骤2-2-8,更新延误消耗航段起点的排序时间:
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100009
    如果是第一次计算,则令PtList i中所有非排序关键点Pt i,j的排序时间CTO i,j=ETO i,j;否则此处所有非排序关键点的CTO i,j采用上一次运算结果。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种航班排序信息的时空转换方法,其特征在于,步骤2-3所述根据排序关键点划分航段,包括:根据航空器Flt i的过点队列PtList i中的排序关键点信息,将步骤2-2中选定的延误消耗航段
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100010
    拆分成多份边界点重叠的小航段,方法如下:
    步骤2-3-1,在航班的过点队列PtList i中设置待划分子航段的开始点,记为Pt i,m且令Pt i,m=Pt i,bgn,m表示点Pt i,m在队列PtList i中的编号
    步骤2-3-2,在PtList i中从Pt i,m之后寻找最临近的排序关键点,作为待划分子航段终点,记为Pt i,n,n表示点Pt i,n在队列PtList i中的编号,则划分出的子航段记为[Pt i,m,Pt i,n];
    步骤2-3-3,令Pt i,m=Pt i,n,重复步骤2-3-2,直至PtList i中的最后一点;
    则本步骤中拆分出的所有子航段满足以下条件:
    条件1:
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100011
    条件2:
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100012
    条件3:
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100013
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种航班排序信息的时空转换方法,其特征在于,步骤2-4中所述根据飞行状态划分航段的方法为,对于步骤2-3中拆分的每个航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n],根据航空器在其内的飞行状态再次细分,方法包括:
    根据航空器的飞行状态,将航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]拆分成多份边界点重叠的小航段[Pt i,o,Pt i,p],o表示点Pt i,o在队列PtList i中的编号,p表示点Pt i,p在队列PtList i中的编号,且航班Flt i在每个小航段[Pt i,o,Pt i,p]内的运动状态一致,同步记录航班Flt i在每个小航段[Pt i,o,Pt i,p]内的飞行状态标记SegPro o,p
    将本步骤从航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]中拆分出的小航段个数记为SegNum m,n,所有小航段满足以下条件:
    条件1:
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100014
    条件2:
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100015
    条件3:
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100016
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种航班排序信息的时空转换方法,其特征在于,步骤2-5所述分配航段延误方法为,根据航空器在各个航段上的飞行状态、航段长度及航空器性能,将航空器在排序关键点处的排序延误分配到各个航段上;
    针对航班Flt i在步骤2-3中划分的每个子航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n],依次进行以下步骤:
    步骤2-5-1,计算航段总延误:
    计算航班Flt i在航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]上需要消耗的总延误为:
    SegDelay m,n=(CTO i,n-ETO i,n)-(CTO i,m-ETO i,m)  (5)
    步骤2-5-2,计算航段延误上限:
    根据航空器在航段中的平飞距离、最小平飞速度及最大平飞速度,从性能角度估计航空器在该航段的延误上限;
    参照步骤2-4,令航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]中划分的每个小航段为[Pt i,o,Pt i,p],则航班Flt i在每个小航段上能够分配的最大正延误为:
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100017
    航班Flt i在小航段[Pt i,o,Pt i,p]上能够分配的最大提前量为:
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100018
    则航班Flt i在航段上[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]能够分配的延误上限为:
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100019
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100020
    步骤2-5-3,判断航段延误是否超量:
    如果满足下述任一条件则表示航班Flt i在航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]上延误过量,提示该航班需要通过人工引导进行延误吸收,并返回步骤2-5-1继续处理下一个子航段;否则,表示延误在可接受范围内,并继续后续步骤处理;
    航段延误超量条件如下:
    条件1:SegDelay m,n>0&&SegDelay m,n>SegMaxDelay m,n
    条件2:SegDelay m,n<0&&|SegDelay m,n|>SegMaxAcc m,n
    步骤2-5-4,分配航段延误:
    根据每个平飞航段的距离及延误吸收能力为其分配延误,方法包括:
    令SegDelayTmp m,n为本步骤中航班Flt i在航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]上需要吸收的延误,且SegDelayTmp m,n=SegDelay m,n
    初始化航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]内每个小航段[Pt i,o,Pt i,p]的延误,令其SegDelay o,p=0;
    步骤2-5-5,分配航路点延误:
    根据步骤2-5-4为航班Flt i在航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]内每个小航段[Pt i,o,Pt i,p]上分配的延误SegDelay o,p,计算航班Flt i在航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]内的非排序关键点的排序时间及延误,而对于排序关键点的排序时间及延误则由步骤1生成;
    从航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]的起点开始,对于该航段内的任意一点Pt i,q,q表示点Pt i,q在队列PtList i中的编号,定位其所属小航段,即Pt i,q∈[Pt i,o,Pt i,p],则该点所需分配的延误如下:
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100021
    则点Pt i,q的排序时间为:
    CTO i,q=ETO i,q+PtDelay i,q  (14)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种航班排序信息的时空转换方法,其特征在于,步骤2-5-4包括如下步骤:
    步骤2-5-4-1分配航段延误:
    对于航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]内的每个小航段[Pt i,o,Pt i,p],则根据其平飞距离分配延误的计算方法如下:
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100022
    根据航段延误吸收能力进行修正,方法如下:
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100023
    步骤2-5-4-2,检测延误分配结果:
    检测航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]中是否存在延误未被分配,方法如下:
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100024
    如果满足SegDelayTmp m,n=0,说明航段[Pt i,m,Pt i,n]的延误分配完毕,继续步骤2-5-5;否则返回步骤2-5-4-1,更新航段延误分配结果。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述,其特征在于,步骤3包括如下步骤:
    步骤3-1,变量定义;
    步骤3-2,参考航段定位;
    步骤3-3,参考位置点生成;
    步骤3-4,参考航迹圈生成;
    其中,步骤3-1,变量定义包括:
    Lat(Pt i,j):表示航班Flt i在航路点Pt i,j的纬度;
    Lon(Pt i,j):表示航班Flt i在航路点Pt i,j的经度;
    Velo(Pt i,j):表示航班Flt i经过航路点Pt i,j的速度建议;
    ResDiv:表示航班在排序关键点处实际过点时间与排序过点时间的偏差限制;
    ATO i,j:表示航班Flt i在航路点Pt i,j处的实际过点时间;
    R:表示参考航迹圈的半径;
    步骤3-2,参考航段定位:
    根据步骤2-5-5中计算的航班Flt i过点队列PtList i中每个点Pt i,j的排序过点时间CTO i,j,重新定位航班Flt i当前所处参考航段[Pt i,ref,Pt i,ref+1],且需满足SysTime∈[CTO i,ref,CTO i,ref+1];
    步骤3-3,参考位置点生成:
    采用差分方法近似求解航空器在系统当前时间的实时参考位置点,方法包括:
    令Pt i,x为航班Flt i当前的参考位置点,x表示点Pt i,x在队列PtList i中的编号,参照步骤3-2令航班Flt i当前所处参考航段为[Pt i,ref,Pt i,ref+1],则参考位置点的相关信息计算方法如下:
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100025
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100026
    Figure PCTCN2022101839-appb-100027
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种航班排序信息的时空转换方法,其特征在于,步骤3-4包括如下步骤:
    当航班在排序关键点处的实际过点时间ATO i,j满足:
    ATO i,j∈[CTO i,j-ResDiv,CTO i,j+ResDiv]
    即表示该航班按照排序时间正常运行;
    在步骤3-3的参考位置点基础上引入参考航迹圈,即以参考位置点为中心点,以R为半径的圆形;参考航迹圈的半径计算公式为:
    R=Velo(Pt i,x)*ResDiv  (18)。
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