WO2023195127A1 - 無停電電源装置 - Google Patents
無停電電源装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023195127A1 WO2023195127A1 PCT/JP2022/017259 JP2022017259W WO2023195127A1 WO 2023195127 A1 WO2023195127 A1 WO 2023195127A1 JP 2022017259 W JP2022017259 W JP 2022017259W WO 2023195127 A1 WO2023195127 A1 WO 2023195127A1
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- Prior art keywords
- reference voltage
- power
- voltage
- power supply
- converter
- Prior art date
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- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 31
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/062—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for AC powered loads
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/12—Energy storage units, uninterruptible power supply [UPS] systems or standby or emergency generators, e.g. in the last power distribution stages
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to an uninterruptible power supply, and particularly relates to an uninterruptible power supply that converts AC power supplied from an AC power source into DC power, converts the DC power into AC power, and supplies the AC power to a load.
- Patent Document 1 International Publication No. 2016/092613
- Patent Document 1 describes a first power converter that converts AC power supplied from an AC power source into DC power and supplies it to a DC line, a DC line and a power storage device.
- a second power converter that transfers DC power to and from the DC line;
- a third power converter that converts the DC power received from the DC line into AC power and supplies the AC power to the load; and the first to third power converters.
- An uninterruptible power supply device is disclosed that includes a control device that controls a device.
- the control device controls the first power converter so that the DC voltage of the DC line becomes the first reference voltage when the AC power supply is healthy, and the voltage between the terminals of the power storage device becomes the second reference voltage.
- the second power converter is controlled to output an alternating current voltage
- the third power converter is controlled to output an alternating current voltage.
- the control device stops the operation of the first power converter, controls the second power converter so that the DC voltage of the DC line becomes the first reference voltage, and controls the second power converter so that the DC voltage of the DC line becomes the first reference voltage.
- a third power converter is controlled to output a voltage.
- the voltage of the DC line i.e., the first reference voltage
- the voltage of the power storage device i.e., the second reference voltage
- the DC voltage (ie, the second reference voltage) applied to the power storage device when performing floating charging of the power storage device differs depending on the type of power storage device.
- the second reference voltage the voltage between the terminals of the power storage device (ie, the second reference voltage) to perform equal charging.
- the voltage of the DC line ie, the first reference voltage
- the first reference voltage is set to the maximum value of the DC voltage that the first power converter can stably output (i.e., the maximum value of the first reference voltage). was set.
- the voltage of the DC line ie, the first reference voltage
- the switching loss of each transistor included in the first to third power converters increases, and the efficiency of the uninterruptible power supply decreases.
- the main objective of the present disclosure is to provide an uninterruptible power supply device that can improve efficiency.
- An uninterruptible power supply includes first to third power converters, first to third control sections, a setting section, a calculation section, and first and second reference voltage generation sections. Equipped with The first power converter converts AC power supplied from an AC power source into DC power and supplies the DC power to the DC line. The second power converter transfers DC power between the DC line and the power storage device. The third power converter converts the DC power received from the DC line into AC power and supplies it to the load.
- the first control unit controls the first power converter so that the DC voltage of the DC line becomes a first reference voltage when the AC power supply is healthy, and controls the first power converter so that the DC voltage of the DC line becomes a first reference voltage when the AC power supply is in good condition. stop operation.
- the second control unit controls the second power converter so that the voltage between the terminals of the power storage device becomes a second reference voltage when the AC power supply is healthy, and when the AC power supply is out of order, the DC voltage becomes the second reference voltage.
- the second power converter is controlled to have a reference voltage of 1.
- the third control unit controls the third power converter to output an alternating current voltage.
- the setting section is provided to set the second reference voltage.
- the calculation unit determines a first reference voltage that is higher than the second reference voltage set by the setting unit and lower than the maximum value of the first reference voltage.
- the first reference voltage generation section generates the first reference voltage determined by the calculation section and supplies it to the first control section.
- the second reference voltage generation section generates the second reference voltage set by the setting section and supplies it to the second control section.
- the first control unit generates the first reference voltage that is higher than the second reference voltage set by the setting unit and lower than the maximum value of the first reference voltage. give to Therefore, the first reference voltage can be set to a value lower than the maximum value, and the efficiency of the uninterruptible power supply can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram showing the configuration of an uninterruptible power supply according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the control device shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a portion of the control device shown in FIG. 1 related to control of a converter.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a mathematical formula (or table) stored in a storage unit shown in FIG. 3.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a portion of the control device shown in FIG. 1 related to control of a bidirectional chopper.
- FIG. 6 is a time chart showing waveforms of reference voltage VBR shown in FIG. 5 and reference voltage VDR shown in FIG. 3.
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a portion of the control device shown in FIG. 1 related to control of an inverter.
- the battery terminal T3 is connected to a battery (power storage device) 53.
- the battery 53 stores DC power.
- the battery 53 may be a lead acid battery or a lithium ion battery.
- an electric double layer capacitor or a flywheel may be connected instead of the battery 53.
- This uninterruptible power supply 1 further includes electromagnetic contactors 2, 6, 8, 10, current detectors CD1 to CD3, capacitors C1 to C3, reactors L1 to L3, converter 3, DC line 4, bidirectional chopper 5, It includes an inverter 7, a semiconductor switch 9, an operating section 11, and a control device 12.
- the electromagnetic contactor 2 and the reactor L1 are connected in series between the AC input terminal T1 and the AC node 3a of the converter 3.
- the electromagnetic contactor 2 is controlled by a control device 12 .
- the electromagnetic contactor 2 When AC power is normally supplied from the commercial AC power source 51 (when the commercial AC power source 51 is healthy), the electromagnetic contactor 2 is turned on.
- the AC power from the commercial AC power source 51 is no longer normally supplied (at the time of a power outage of the commercial AC power source 51), the electromagnetic contactor 2 is turned off.
- Current detector CD1 detects current I1 flowing between commercial AC power supply 51 and converter 3, and outputs a signal I1f indicating the detected value to control device 12.
- the instantaneous value of the AC input voltage VI appearing at the node N1 between the electromagnetic contactor 2 and the reactor L1 is detected by the control device 12.
- the control device 12 determines whether a power outage has occurred based on the detected value of the AC input voltage VI. Further, the control device 12 controls the converter 3 and the like in synchronization with the AC input voltage VI.
- Capacitor C1 is connected to node N1.
- Capacitor C1 and reactor L1 constitute AC filter F1.
- the AC filter F1 is a low-pass filter that allows AC power at a commercial frequency to pass from the commercial AC power supply 51 to the converter 3, and prevents signals at a switching frequency generated in the converter 3 from passing to the commercial AC power supply 51. .
- the converter 3 is a well-known converter including a plurality of transistors and a plurality of diodes, and is controlled by a control device 12. When commercial AC power supply 51 is healthy, converter 3 converts AC power into DC power and outputs it to DC line 4 . The output voltage of converter 3 can be controlled to a desired value.
- Capacitor C2 is connected to DC line 4 and smoothes the voltage of DC line 4. The instantaneous value of the DC voltage VD appearing on the DC line 4 is detected by the control device 12.
- the control device 12 controls the converter 3 so that the DC voltage VD of the DC line 4 becomes the reference voltage VDR (first reference voltage).
- VDR first reference voltage
- AC filter F1 and converter 3 constitute an example of a first power converter that converts AC power to DC power.
- the DC line 4 is connected to the high voltage side node 5a of the bidirectional chopper 5, and the low voltage side node 5b of the bidirectional chopper 5 is connected to the battery terminal T3 via the reactor L2 and the electromagnetic contactor 6.
- the electromagnetic contactor 6 is turned on when the uninterruptible power supply 1 is in use, and is turned off during maintenance of the uninterruptible power supply 1 and the battery 53, for example.
- Reactor L2 smoothes current I2 flowing between bidirectional chopper 5 and battery 53.
- the bidirectional chopper 5 is a well-known type including a plurality of transistors and a plurality of diodes, and is controlled by a control device 12.
- bidirectional chopper 5 stores DC power generated by converter 3 in battery 53 .
- the bidirectional chopper 5 supplies DC power from the battery 53 to the inverter 7 via the DC line 4.
- the bidirectional chopper 5 When storing DC power in the battery 53, the bidirectional chopper 5 steps down the DC voltage VD of the DC line 4 and supplies it to the battery 53. Furthermore, when supplying the DC power of the battery 53 to the inverter 7, the bidirectional chopper 5 boosts the inter-terminal voltage VB of the battery 53 and outputs it to the DC line 4.
- Current detector CD2 detects current I2 flowing between bidirectional chopper 5 and battery 53, and outputs a signal I2f indicating the detected value to control device 12.
- the instantaneous value of the inter-terminal voltage VB of the battery 53 appearing at the battery terminal T3 is detected by the control device 12.
- the control device 12 controls the bidirectional chopper 5 so that the battery voltage VB becomes the reference voltage VBR (second reference voltage) when the commercial AC power source 51 is healthy, and when the commercial AC power source 51 is out of power, the DC line 4
- the bidirectional chopper 5 is controlled so that the DC voltage VD becomes the reference voltage VDR.
- the bidirectional chopper 5 and the reactor L2 constitute an example of a second power converter that transfers DC power between the DC line 4 and the battery 53.
- DC line 4 is connected to a DC node of inverter 7.
- the inverter 7 is a well-known inverter including multiple transistors and multiple diodes, and is controlled by the control device 12. Inverter 7 converts DC power supplied from converter 3 or bidirectional chopper 5 via DC line 4 into AC power at a commercial frequency, and outputs the AC power to output node 7a.
- the inverter 7 converts the DC power supplied from the converter 3 via the DC line 4 into AC power, and when the commercial AC power source 51 is out of power, the inverter 7 converts the bidirectional chopper 5 from the battery 53. Converts DC power supplied through the converter into AC power.
- the output voltage of the inverter 7 can be controlled to a desired value.
- the output node 7a of the inverter 7 is connected to one terminal (node N2) of the electromagnetic contactor 8 via the reactor L3, and the other terminal of the electromagnetic contactor 8 is connected to the AC output terminal T4.
- Capacitor C3 is connected to node N2.
- Reactor L3 and capacitor C3 constitute AC filter F2.
- the AC filter F2 is a low-pass filter, and allows the commercial frequency AC power generated by the inverter 7 to pass to the AC output terminal T4, and allows the switching frequency signal generated by the inverter 7 to pass to the AC output terminal T4. prevent.
- the electromagnetic contactor 8 is controlled by the control device 12 and is turned on during an inverter power feeding mode in which AC power generated by the inverter 7 is supplied to the load 54, and is turned on during bypass power feeding mode in which AC power from the bypass AC power source 52 is supplied to the load 54. It is turned off when in mode.
- the instantaneous value of the AC output voltage VO appearing at the node N3 is detected by the control device 12.
- Current detector CD3 detects current I3 flowing between inverter 7 and load 54, and provides control device 12 with signal I3f indicating the detected value.
- the control device 12 controls the inverter 7 so that the AC output voltage VO becomes a sinusoidal reference voltage VOR.
- the inverter 7 and the AC filter F2 constitute an example of a third power converter that converts DC power into AC power.
- the semiconductor switch 9 includes a pair of thyristors connected in antiparallel to each other, and is connected between the bypass input terminal T2 and the AC output terminal T4.
- the electromagnetic contactor 10 is connected in parallel to the semiconductor switch 9.
- the semiconductor switch 9 is controlled by the control device 12 and is normally turned off, but is turned on instantaneously when the inverter 7 fails, and supplies AC power from the bypass AC power supply 52 to the load 54 .
- the semiconductor switch 9 is turned off after a predetermined period of time has elapsed since it was turned on.
- the electromagnetic contactor 10 is turned off during the inverter power supply mode in which AC power generated by the inverter 7 is supplied to the load 54, and is turned on in the bypass power supply mode in which the AC power from the bypass AC power supply 52 is supplied to the load 54. Further, the electromagnetic contactor 10 is turned on when the inverter 7 fails, and supplies AC power from the bypass AC power supply 52 to the load 54 . That is, if the inverter 7 fails, the semiconductor switch 9 is instantly turned on for a predetermined period of time, and the electromagnetic contactor 10 is turned on. This is to prevent the semiconductor switch 9 from being overheated and damaged by the current.
- the operation unit 11 includes a plurality of buttons operated by the user of the uninterruptible power supply 1, an image display unit that displays various information, and the like. By operating the operation unit 11, the user can turn on and off the power of the uninterruptible power supply 1, and select any mode such as bypass power supply mode, inverter power supply mode, etc. There is.
- various information can be stored in the control device 12 by the user operating the operation section 11 (setting section).
- the various information includes reference voltage VBR used when charging battery 53.
- Reference voltage VBR includes a reference voltage VF for floating charging of battery 53 and a reference voltage Ve for performing equal charging of battery 53.
- the various information includes formulas or tables that indicate the relationship between reference voltage VDR and reference voltage VBR. Further, the various information includes a cycle TE1 and an execution time TE2 for uniformly charging the battery 53.
- the control device 12 calculates the reference voltage VDR based on the reference voltage VBR set using the operation unit 11 and a mathematical formula or table showing the relationship between the reference voltages VDR and VBR.
- Reference voltage VDR has a value corresponding to reference voltage VBR within a range that is higher than reference voltage VBR, higher than twice the amplitude of AC output voltage VO, and lower than the highest value of reference voltage VDR. This will be explained in detail later.
- the control device 12 also includes an AC input voltage VI, an AC input current I1, a DC voltage VD, a battery voltage VB, a battery current I2, an AC output voltage VO, an AC output current I3, reference voltages VDR, VBR, VOR, and an operation unit 11.
- the entire uninterruptible power supply 1 is controlled based on signals from the uninterruptible power supply 1.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the control device 12.
- the control device 12 can be configured by a microcomputer in which a predetermined program is stored in advance.
- the control device 12 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 13, a memory 14, and an input/output (I/O) circuit 15.
- the CPU 13, memory 14, and I/O circuit 15 can exchange data with each other via a bus 16.
- a program is stored in a partial area of the memory 14, and various functions described below can be realized by the CPU 13 executing the program.
- the I/O circuit 15 inputs and outputs signals and data to and from the outside of the control device 12.
- control device 12 can be configured using a circuit such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) or an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit). Furthermore, at least a portion of the control device 12 may be configured by an analog circuit.
- FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
- ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a portion of the control device 12 related to control of the converter 3.
- the control device 12 includes a storage section 20, a calculation section 21, a reference voltage generation section 22 (first reference voltage generation section), a power failure detector 23, and a control section 24 (first control section).
- the functions of each block shown in FIG. 3 can be realized by at least one of software processing and hardware processing by the control device 12.
- the storage unit 20 stores a mathematical formula (or table) indicating the relationship between the reference voltage VBR and the reference voltage VDR.
- the calculation unit 21 calculates the reference voltage VDR having a value corresponding to the reference voltage VBR based on the signal DBR indicating the reference voltage VBR and the mathematical formula (or table) in the storage unit 20, and calculates the value of the calculated reference voltage VDR.
- a signal DDR indicating this is output to the reference voltage generating section 22.
- the reference voltage generation section 22 generates a reference voltage VDR having a value indicated by the signal DDR and provides it to the control section 24 .
- the signal DBR indicating the reference voltage VBR will be described later (FIG. 5).
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between reference voltage VBR and reference voltage VDR.
- the horizontal axis represents the reference voltage VBR
- the vertical axis represents the reference voltage VDR.
- the reference voltage VDR is within a range that is higher than a voltage Vpp that is twice the amplitude of the AC voltage VO (VDR>Vpp), higher than the reference voltage VBR (VDR>VBR), and lower than the maximum value VDRmax of the reference voltage VDR. (VDR ⁇ VDRmax) and changes depending on the reference voltage VBR.
- a state in which VDR changes according to VBR is shown along straight lines SL1 and SL2.
- VDR>Vpp when the DC voltage VD becomes lower than the voltage Vpp, which is twice the amplitude of the AC voltage VO (VDR ⁇ Vpp), the inverter 7 cannot generate the sinusoidal AC voltage VO. It is.
- VDR>VBR when the commercial AC power supply 51 is healthy, the bidirectional chopper 5 steps down the DC voltage VD and supplies it to the battery 53, and when the commercial AC power supply 51 is out of power, it boosts the battery voltage VB and supplies it to the battery 53. This is because the signal is configured to be applied to line 4.
- the user of the uninterruptible power supply 1 uses the operation unit 11 to set the value of the reference voltage VBR.
- VDR VBR+Vm.
- the power outage detector 23 detects whether a power outage has occurred in the commercial AC power source 51 based on the AC voltage VI supplied from the commercial AC power source 51, and generates a signal indicating the detection result. Output ⁇ F.
- the power failure detection signal ⁇ F is set to the "H" level, which is the inactivation level.
- the power outage detection signal ⁇ F is set to the activation level "L". For example, the power outage detector 23 determines that a power outage of the commercial AC power supply 51 has occurred when the AC voltage VI has fallen below a lower limit value.
- the control unit 24 receives a power failure detection signal ⁇ F from the power failure detector 23, a reference voltage VDR from the reference voltage generator 22, a DC voltage VD from the DC line 4, an AC voltage VI from the commercial AC power supply 51, and a current detector CD1.
- the converter 3 is controlled based on the AC input current I1 indicated by the output signal I1f.
- the control unit 24 controls the converter 3 so that the DC voltage VD becomes the reference voltage VDR. .
- the control unit 24 stops the operation of the converter 3.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a portion of the control device 12 related to control of the bidirectional chopper 5.
- the control device 12 includes a timer 30, a selector 31, a reference voltage generation section 32 (second reference voltage generation section), and a control section 33 (second control section).
- the functions of each block shown in FIG. 5 can be realized by at least one of software processing and hardware processing by the control device 12.
- the user of the uninterruptible power supply 1 uses the operation unit 11 to set a cycle TE1 for uniformly charging the battery 53 and a time TE2 for uniformly charging.
- the operation unit 11 outputs a signal D1 indicating the set period TE1 and a signal D2 indicating the set time TE2 to the timer 30.
- the user of the uninterruptible power supply 1 uses the operation unit 11 to instruct the timer 30 to start and stop.
- the operation unit 11 sets the signal EN to the activation level "H” when the timer 30 is commanded to start, and sets the signal EN to the deactivation level “L” when the timer 30 is commanded to stop. ” level.
- the timer 30 When the signal EN is at the inactivated “L” level, the timer 30 is inactivated and the output signal ⁇ 30 of the timer 30 is maintained at the “L” level. When the signal EN rises from the “L” level to the “H” level, the timer 30 is activated and starts measuring time.
- the timer 30 raises the signal ⁇ 30 from the “L” level to the “H” level every time the time TE1 (for example, 24 hours) indicated by the signal D1 elapses, and raises the signal ⁇ 30 from the “L” level to the “H” level every time the time TE1 (for example, 1 hour) indicated by the signal D2 elapses.
- the signal ⁇ 30 is lowered from the "H” level to the "L” level.
- the signal ⁇ 30 set to the “H” level becomes a command signal for instructing the execution of uniform charging of the battery 53.
- the selector 31 selects the signal Df and outputs the signal Df as the signal DBR.
- the selector 31 selects the signal De and outputs the signal De as the signal DBR.
- the output signal DBR of the selector 31 is provided to the calculation section 21 (FIG. 3) and also to the reference voltage generation section 32.
- the reference voltage generation section 32 generates a reference voltage VBR having a value indicated by the output signal DBR of the selector 31 and outputs it to the control section 33.
- the reference voltage Vf having the value indicated by the signal Df is output as the reference voltage VBR.
- the reference voltage Ve having the value indicated by the signal De is output as the reference voltage VBR.
- the signal EN is fixed at the "L” level
- the output signal ⁇ 30 of the timer 30 is fixed at the "L” level
- the selector 31 selects only the signal Df
- the control unit 33 includes a power failure detection signal ⁇ F from the power failure detector 23, a reference voltage VBR from the reference voltage generator 32, a battery voltage VB, a reference voltage VDR from the reference voltage generator 22, a DC voltage VD of the DC line 4,
- the bidirectional chopper 5 is controlled based on the battery current I2 indicated by the output signal I2f of the current detector CD2.
- the control unit 33 When the power failure detection signal ⁇ F is at the inactivation level "H" (when the commercial AC power supply 51 is healthy), the control unit 33 operates the bidirectional chopper 5 so that the battery voltage VB becomes the reference voltage VBR. Control. When the power failure detection signal ⁇ F is at the activation level "L" (at the time of a power failure of the commercial AC power supply 51), the control unit 33 controls the bidirectional chopper 5 so that the DC voltage VD becomes the reference voltage VDR. do.
- FIG. 6 is a time chart showing the waveforms of reference voltage VBR (FIG. 5) and reference voltage VDR (FIG. 3).
- signal EN is raised from “L” level to “H” level
- output signal ⁇ 30 of timer 30 (FIG. 5) is set to “L” level
- signal Df is selected by selector 31.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a portion of the control device 12 related to control of the inverter 7.
- the control device 12 includes a reference voltage generation section 40 and a control section 41.
- the functions of each block shown in FIG. 7 can be realized by at least one of software processing and hardware processing by the control device 12.
- the reference voltage generator 40 generates a sinusoidal reference voltage VOR.
- Reference voltage VOR has a commercial frequency. Since the voltage Vpp, which is twice the amplitude of the reference voltage VOR, is lower than the minimum value VDRmin of the reference voltage VDR (FIG. 4), it is possible to generate the sinusoidal reference voltage VOR.
- the control unit 41 controls the inverter 7 based on the reference voltage VOR from the reference voltage generation unit 40, the AC output voltage VO, the current I3 indicated by the output signal I3f of the current detector CD3, etc.
- the control unit 41 controls the inverter 7 so that the AC output voltage VO becomes the reference voltage VOR.
- the DC power generated by the converter 3 is stored in the battery 53 via the bidirectional chopper 5, the reactor L2, and the electromagnetic contactor 6, and is converted into AC power by the inverter 7, and then is converted to AC power by the inverter 7, and then the AC filter F2 and the electromagnetic contactor 8. is supplied to the load 54 via.
- the reference voltage generation section 32 (FIG. 5) generates the reference voltage VBR
- the reference voltage generation section 22 (FIG. 3) generates the reference voltage VDR having a value corresponding to the reference voltage VBR
- the bidirectional chopper 5 generates the reference voltage VDR.
- DC voltage VD is set as reference voltage VDR.
- the AC power generated by the inverter 7 is supplied to the load 54 via the AC filter F2 and the electromagnetic contactor 8. Therefore, even if a power outage occurs in the commercial AC power source 51, the load 54 can continue to operate while the DC power is stored in the battery 53.
- the semiconductor switch 9 is instantly turned on, and AC power is supplied from the bypass AC power supply 52 to the load 54 via the semiconductor switch 9.
- the electromagnetic contactor 10 is turned on, the electromagnetic contactor 8 is turned off, and the semiconductor switch 9 is turned off.
- AC power is supplied from the bypass AC power supply 52 to the load 54 via the electromagnetic contactor 10.
- a reference voltage VDR that is higher than the reference voltage VBR set using the operation unit 11 and lower than the maximum value VDRmax of the reference voltage VDR is generated and provided to the control unit 24. Therefore, the voltage VD of the DC line 4 (i.e., the reference voltage VDR) can be made lower than the maximum value VDRmax, and the switching loss of each transistor included in the converter 3, bidirectional chopper 5, and inverter 7 can be reduced and eliminated. The efficiency of the power failure power supply device 1 can be improved. Furthermore, since the voltage VD of the DC line 4 can be lowered, the life of the capacitor C2 can be extended.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (5)
- 交流電源から供給される交流電力を直流電力に変換して直流ラインに供給する第1の電力変換器と、
前記直流ラインと電力貯蔵装置との間で直流電力を授受する第2の電力変換器と、
前記直流ラインから受ける直流電力を交流電力に変換して負荷に供給する第3の電力変換器と、
前記交流電源の健全時には、前記直流ラインの直流電圧が第1の参照電圧になるように前記第1の電力変換器を制御し、前記交流電源の停電時には、前記第1の電力変換器の運転を停止させる第1の制御部と、
前記交流電源の健全時には、前記電力貯蔵装置の端子間電圧が第2の参照電圧になるように前記第2の電力変換器を制御し、前記交流電源の停電時には、前記直流電圧が前記第1の参照電圧になるように前記第2の電力変換器を制御する第2の制御部と、
前記第3の電力変換器を制御して交流電圧を出力させる第3の制御部と、
前記第2の参照電圧を設定するための設定部と、
前記設定部によって設定された前記第2の参照電圧よりも高く、かつ前記第1の参照電圧の最大値よりも低い前記第1の参照電圧を求める演算部と、
前記演算部によって求められた前記第1の参照電圧を生成して前記第1の制御部に与える第1の参照電圧発生部と、
前記設定部によって設定された前記第2の参照電圧を生成して前記第2の制御部に与える第2の参照電圧発生部とを備える、無停電電源装置。 - 前記演算部は、前記設定部によって設定された前記第2の参照電圧よりも高く、前記第3の電力変換器から出力される交流電圧の振幅の2倍よりも高く、かつ前記第1の参照電圧の最大値よりも低い前記第1の参照電圧を求める、請求項1に記載の無停電電源装置。
- 前記演算部は、前記設定部によって設定された前記第2の参照電圧と、前記第1の参照電圧と前記第2の参照電圧との関係を示す数式またはテーブルとに基づいて、前記第1の参照電圧を求める、請求項1に記載の無停電電源装置。
- 前記第2の参照電圧は、前記電力貯蔵装置の浮動充電を行なうための第1の副参照電圧と、前記電力貯蔵装置の均等充電を行なうための第2の副参照電圧とを含み、
前記第2の参照電圧発生部は、
前記浮動充電を行なう場合には、前記第1の副参照電圧を前記第2の参照電圧として出力し、
前記均等充電を行なう場合には、前記第2の副参照電圧を前記第2の参照電圧として出力する、請求項1に記載の無停電電源装置。 - 予め定められた周期で予め定められた時間だけ前記均等充電の実行を指令する指令信号を出力するタイマーをさらに備え、
前記第2の参照電圧発生部は、
前記タイマーから前記指令信号が出力されていない場合には、前記第1の副参照電圧を前記第2の参照電圧として出力し、
前記タイマーから前記指令信号が出力されている場合には、前記第2の副参照電圧を前記第2の参照電圧として出力する、請求項4に記載の無停電電源装置。
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JPS5689634U (ja) * | 1979-12-14 | 1981-07-17 | ||
JPH0467738A (ja) * | 1990-07-03 | 1992-03-03 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 均等充電制御回路 |
JPH04117143A (ja) * | 1990-09-05 | 1992-04-17 | Toshiba Corp | 電源装置 |
JP2015208171A (ja) * | 2014-04-23 | 2015-11-19 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 電源装置 |
WO2016092613A1 (ja) * | 2014-12-08 | 2016-06-16 | 東芝三菱電機産業システム株式会社 | 無停電電源装置 |
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JP4117143B2 (ja) | 2001-11-30 | 2008-07-16 | カヤバ工業株式会社 | ダンパーにおけるヘッド部構造 |
JP5689634B2 (ja) | 2010-09-17 | 2015-03-25 | エア・ウォーター株式会社 | 低摩擦摺動部材 |
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JPS5689634U (ja) * | 1979-12-14 | 1981-07-17 | ||
JPH0467738A (ja) * | 1990-07-03 | 1992-03-03 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 均等充電制御回路 |
JPH04117143A (ja) * | 1990-09-05 | 1992-04-17 | Toshiba Corp | 電源装置 |
JP2015208171A (ja) * | 2014-04-23 | 2015-11-19 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 電源装置 |
WO2016092613A1 (ja) * | 2014-12-08 | 2016-06-16 | 東芝三菱電機産業システム株式会社 | 無停電電源装置 |
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