WO2023193820A1

WO2023193820A1 - Research and test system for influencing factors of rock breaking and cuttings removal efficiency of drilling vertical shaft roller cutter

Info

Publication number: WO2023193820A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/088190
Authority: WO
Inventors: 杨青; 荣传新
Original assignee: 安徽理工大学
Priority date: 2022-06-13
Filing date: 2023-04-13
Publication date: 2023-10-12
Also published as: JP7557636B2; CN114993654B; JP2024517049A; CN114993654A

Abstract

A research and test system for influencing factors of rock breaking and cuttings removal efficiency of a drilling vertical shaft roller cutter (41), which comprises a spare tank (1), a rock breaking and cuttings removal apparatus, a mud-cuttings separation apparatus, a metering apparatus, a monitoring assembly, and a control apparatus, wherein the spare tank (1) is connected to the rock breaking and cuttings removal apparatus by means of a mud conveying pipe (11); the rock breaking and cuttings removal apparatus is connected to the mud-cuttings separation apparatus by means of an outer cuttings removal pipe (20), and rock cuttings liquid produced by the rock breaking and cuttings removal apparatus is conveyed into the mud-cuttings separation apparatus by means of the outer cuttings removal pipe (20); the rock cuttings can be dried and weighed by means of the metering apparatus; and the monitoring assembly is connected to the control apparatus. By means of the test system, research can be performed on the effects on the rock breaking and cuttings removal efficiency of the drilling vertical shaft roller cutter (41) caused by the position of a cuttings removal opening (71), an optimized configuration of cutter spacing of the roller cutter (41), the rotational speed of the roller cutter (41), the rotational speed of a cutter head (37), weight on bit, mechanical parameters, selection of the type of roller cutter (41), and mud performance parameters configured for different lithographies, and said system can improve the rock breaking and cuttings removal efficiency.

Description

An experimental system for research on factors affecting the rock breaking and slag discharge efficiency of shaft hobs using drilling method

Technical field

The invention relates to the research field of coal mine shaft drilling construction technology, and in particular to a research and test system for factors affecting the efficiency of rock breaking and slag removal by a shaft hob using the drilling method.

Background technique

Drilling method construction has accumulated rich experience in the process of mineral resource development, but there are still many problems in the full-section drilling method for the large number of interwoven weakly cemented sandstones in soft rocks such as Cretaceous and Jurassic sandstones. question. The Cretaceous and Jurassic sandstones have variable structural layers, and most of the mineral particles are in a weakly cemented state, with low strength, large porosity, and easy mudification when exposed to water. The engineering mechanical properties are complex and diverse, such as easily occurring The phenomenon of mud-packed drill bits and how to solve the problem of "expansion to the bottom". The emergence of these problems is closely related to the entire process of rock breaking and slag removal, and there are many factors that affect the efficiency of rock breaking and slag removal, such as the hob's response to rocks with different mechanical properties. Suitability research, the number of hobs, the rationality of the layout, the number and location of the slag discharge ports, the selection of mud performance parameters, the optimization of rock-breaking drill bit drilling parameters, etc.

Up to now, there are few systematic studies on the suitability of rock-breaking cutter types and the matching of mechanical parameters of hob rock-breaking test benches and mud performance parameters for indoor well drilling. Therefore, it is necessary to study the selection of rock breaking tool types and mechanical parameters such as row spacing, tooth spacing, penetration, weight on bit, drill bit cutterhead speed, tool speed and tool spacing optimization arrangement, slag discharge, etc. The research on the rock breaking and slag discharge efficiency, such as the location, quantity and mud performance parameters optimization, is urgent. It has important engineering practical significance to guide the rock breaking mechanism and the matching research of various sandstones, especially the weakly cemented sandstone and mud in the west.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a drilling method shaft hob rock breaking and slag discharge efficiency research and test system for factors affecting the efficiency, using the test system can be used to determine the mud performance parameters of different lithology configurations, hob type selection and mechanical parameters, drilling weight , cutter head speed, hob speed, optimal arrangement of the hob cutter spacing, and the arrangement of the slag discharge port position. The impact of factors such as the drilling method shaft hob rock breaking and slag discharge efficiency was studied to solve the problem of drilling method shaft hob breakage The rock slag discharge matching problem improves the rock breaking and slag discharge efficiency.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

An experimental system for researching factors affecting the rock breaking and slag discharge efficiency of shaft hobs using the drilling method, including a spare box, a rock breaking and slag discharge device, a slurry and slag separation device, a metering device, a monitoring component and a control device, wherein,

The spare box contains mud, and the spare box is connected to the rock-breaking and slag-discharging device through a slurry pipe. The spare box is used to provide the rock-breaking and slag-discharging device with mud required for testing;

The rock breaking and slag discharging device can be used for rock breaking and slag discharging. The rock breaking and slag discharging device is connected to the slurry and slag separation device through an external slag discharging pipe. During the test process, the rock breaking and slag discharging device generated The rock slag liquid is transported to the slurry and slag separation device through the external slag discharge pipe;

The rock breaking and slag discharging device includes a frame body. The frame body includes a base, upright columns and a top plate. There are four upright columns. The lower ends of the four upright columns are fixed on the base. The top plate is connected to the four upright columns respectively. The upper ends of the upright columns are connected, and the base, the four upright columns and the top plate form a frame structure; a plurality of haunch plates are provided around the lower ends of the upright columns, and the haunch plates are connected with the upright columns and the top plate. The bases are all connected, and the base and the foundation are fixedly connected through anchor bolts;

The rock breaking and slag discharge device also includes a test box, a first hydraulic cylinder, a drill pipe, a drill bit, a cutter head, a cutter holder and a rock sample;

The test box is arranged in the frame body. The test box is a barrel-shaped structure with an upper opening. The rock sample is arranged in the test box. The outlet of the slurry pipe is located above the test box. , the rock sample is arranged at the bottom of the test box;

The output end of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the upper end of the drill rod, the lower end of the drill rod extends into the test box, the drill bit is installed on the lower end of the drill rod, and the upper end of the cutterhead Connected to the lower end of the drill bit, the tool holder is installed on the lower surface of the cutterhead. The tool holder is used to install a hob. The first hydraulic cylinder drives the drill bit to move up and down through the drill rod. and rotating, the drill bit is located above the rock sample, and the drill bit drives the hob to move up and down and rotate to break the rock sample;

The lower surface of the cutter head is provided with a groove along the radial direction of the cutter head. The cutter holder is slidably connected to the cutter head through the groove. The cutter holder is provided with a fixing bolt. The fixing bolt The position of the cutter holder on the cutterhead can be fixed;

There are six grooves in total, and every two grooves form a group. Each group of grooves is arranged along the radial direction of the cutterhead, and the gap between two adjacent groups of grooves is The angle is 60°, and 2 to 4 knife holders are set on each group of grooves according to the test requirements, and 1 hob is installed on each knife holder;

The hob is one of a scraper, a toothed wedge hob or a spherical tooth hob, and the knife holder matches the hob;

The rock breaking and slag discharging device also includes a base and a lifting mechanism. The foundation inside the frame is provided with a foundation pit. The lifting mechanism is provided in the foundation pit. The base is provided on the lifting mechanism. The base is a cylindrical structure, the test box is arranged on the base, the diameter of the base is greater than the outer diameter of the test box, and the lifting mechanism can adjust the height of the test box ;

The rock slag liquid entering the slurry and slag separation device can separate rock slag and slurry in the slurry and slag separation device;

The measuring device can be used to dry and weigh the rock slag separated by the slurry and slag separation device;

The monitoring component is connected to the control device, and the monitoring component can collect data during the test.

It can be seen from the analysis that the present invention discloses a drilling method shaft hob rock breaking and slag discharge efficiency research and test system for factors affecting the efficiency. The embodiments of the present invention focus on the mud performance parameters of different lithology configurations, rock breaking cutter type selection and mechanical parameters such as wedge teeth. The influencing factors of rock-breaking and slag-discharging efficiency of shaft hobs in drilling method were studied by parameters such as hob spacing, tooth pitch, penetration, bit pressure, cutter head speed, tool speed, optimal arrangement of cutter spacing, and slag discharge port position. Solve the problem of matching the drilling hob for rock breaking and slag removal, and strive to improve the efficiency of rock breaking and slag removal. By comparing the measurement of residues separated from rock slag and mud under the same conditions, indoor simulation research experiments on factors affecting the rock-breaking efficiency of various slag suction port shaft drill bit hobs under different hob modes can be carried out. This test system simulates the real scene of rock breaking and slag removal by the drilling method indoors to the greatest extent, and has extremely strong test simulation or "miniature working scene", thus obtaining conclusions on the analysis, evaluation, and research of rock breaking and slag removal efficiency. It will be irreplaceable because it is close to the "prototype". It avoids the disadvantages caused by only studying slag discharge or rock breaking, and establishes an organic connection between rock breaking and slag discharge. It avoids the disadvantages caused by a single research condition of rock breaking or slag removal. Tests can be carried out based on different rock samples with weak cementation. Different tools and their parameters can be selected for testing. Different drilling parameters can be selected for testing. Different mud performance parameters can be set for testing, different slag discharge ports and air pressures can be selected for testing, and rock samples can be tested at different confining pressures, maximizing and expanding the multifunctional benefits of the test bench. To supplement the current test status of my country's drilling method with fixed hob type and fixed slag discharge port, the drill bit does not rotate when the rock mass is rotated, only rock breaking, or only slag discharge, single working conditions and single parameter indicators are studied, and we strive to improve the indoor test and Mismatched model gaps caused by inconsistent field working conditions.

Description of the drawings

The description and drawings that constitute a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. in:

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a spare box according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock breaking and slag discharging device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a pulp and residue separation device and a metering device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a vertical cross-section of a test chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of a test chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the hobs distributed on the cutterhead according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of reference signs: 1 spare box; 10 box cover; 100 slurry adding port; 101 detection sampling port; 102 slurry return port; 11 slurry conveying pipe; 12 slurry suction pump; 13 cleaning outlet; 14 first gate valve; 15 Mixer; 150 stirring shaft; 151 stirring fan blade; 16 liquid level pipe; 17 roller; 2 frame body; 20 external slag discharge pipe; 21 column; 22 top plate; 23 axel plate; 24 anchor bolts; 25 base; 3 test Box; 30 upper section; 300 installation unit; 31 lower section; 310 reserved hole; 311 anchor groove; 32 bottom plate; 33 first hydraulic cylinder; 34 drill pipe; 35 drill bit; 36 connecting flange; 37 cutter head; 38 slag suction port ; 39 air supply pipe; 40 tool holder; 400 groove; 401 fixing bolt; 41 hob; 42 rock sample; 43 base; 44 lifting mechanism; 45 connector; 46 connector; 460 truncated cone section; 461 cylindrical section; 47 air pump; 48 internal slag discharge branch pipe; 49 enlarged head; 50 second hydraulic cylinder; 51 foundation pit; 52 containment plate; 6 slurry filter cylinder; 60 cover plate; 61 slurry inlet; 62 first outlet; 63 second outlet; 64 air outlet; 65 first barrel; 66 second barrel; 67 vibrator motor; 68 first filter; 69 second filter; 70 cyclone; 71 slag discharge port; 72 third barrel; 73 slurry discharge pipe; 730 second gate valve; 731 pressure pump; 74 slag discharge pipe; 75 outlet valve; 76 slurry discharge pipe; 8 test bench; 81 drying box; 82 electronic scale; 83 material pallet .

Implementation

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Each example is provided by way of explanation of the invention and not as a limitation of the invention. In fact, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. For example, features shown or described as part of one embodiment can be used on another embodiment, to yield yet another embodiment. It is therefore intended that the present invention cover such modifications and variations as come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

In the description of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", " The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "top", "bottom", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as Limitations on the invention. The terms "connected", "connected" and "set" used in the present invention should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate component; it can be It can be a wired electrical connection, a radio connection, or a wireless communication signal connection. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific situation.

One or more examples of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The detailed description uses numerical and letter designations to refer to features in the drawings. In the drawings and description, like or like reference characters have been used to refer to like or similar parts of the invention. As used herein, the terms "first," "second," "third" and the like are used interchangeably to distinguish one component from another and are not intended to denote the position or importance of individual components. .

As shown in Figures 1 to 7, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a drilling method shaft hob rock breaking and slag discharge efficiency research and test system is provided. As shown in Figure 1, it includes a spare box 1, a rock breaking discharge Slag device, slurry and slag separation device, metering device, monitoring component and control device. Among them, the spare box 1 contains mud. The spare box 1 is connected to the rock breaking and slag discharge device through the slurry conveying pipe 11. The spare box 1 is used for rock breaking. The slag discharging device provides the mud required for the test; rock breaking and slag discharging device can be used for rock breaking and slag discharging. The rock breaking and slag discharging device is connected to the slurry and slag separation device through the external slag discharging pipe 20. During the test, the rock breaking and slag discharging device The generated rock slag liquid is transported to the slurry and slag separation device through the external slag discharge pipe 20; the rock slag liquid entering the slurry and slag separation device can be separated from the rock slag and slurry in the slurry and slag separation device; the metering device can be used to separate the slurry and slag. The rock slag separated by the device is dried and weighed; the monitoring component is connected to the control device, and the monitoring component can collect data during the test. This test system restores the actual field working environment of drilling shaft hob rock breaking indoors, and is especially suitable for drilling shaft hob rock breaking rows on soft rocks such as Cretaceous and Jurassic sandstone under different confining pressure conditions. Research on factors affecting slag efficiency shows that the compressive strength of weakly cemented axial centers such as Cretaceous and Jurassic sandstones is not high, and the power equipment required for rock breaking is lower than other hard rocks, which facilitates the implementation of the technical solution of the present invention. The technical plan designs a complete closed cycle system from the preparation of mud for slag discharge to the end of slag discharge measurement and statistics, to prevent the pollution of the environment by "wasted" mud, and to establish a complete set of tests for rock breaking and slag discharge in a true sense. The research system provides indoor simulation research to solve many difficult problems encountered in improving weakly cemented sandstone rock breaking and slag discharge. It saves costs, protects the environment, and has strong practical engineering significance.

Further, as shown in Figure 2, the spare box 1 has a box structure with an upper opening. The upper end of the spare box 1 is covered with a box cover 10. The box cover 10 has sufficient ability to support the power equipment on it. The mud reserve of the spare box 1 is The capacity must meet the requirements of a test. A slurry suction pump 12 is provided on the box cover 10. One end of the slurry pipe 11 is connected to the slurry suction pump 12. The lower end of the slurry suction pump 12 passes through the box cover 10 and extends to the spare box 1. below the mud level; a cleaning outlet 13 is provided at the bottom of the backup tank 1, and a first gate valve 14 is provided on the cleaning outlet 13. After the test is completed, open the first gate valve 14 and inject clean water into the backup tank 1, which can The spare box 1 is cleaned to facilitate cleaning of the spare box 1 after each test; preferably, a mixer 15 is also provided on the box cover 10, and the stirring shaft 150 of the mixer 15 extends to the spare box 1 after passing through the box cover 10 Inside, the stirring shaft 150 is provided with a stirring fan blade 151. The mixer 15 drives the stirring fan blade 151 to rotate through the stirring shaft 150. The rotation of the stirring fan blade 151 can stir the mud in the backup tank 1. The mixer 15 mixes the mud from time to time. Stir to force the mud to be in a "fresh" state to ensure the smooth progress of the test; preferably, a liquid level pipe 16 is provided on one side of the backup tank 1, and the lower end of the liquid level pipe 16 is connected to the bottom of the backup tank 1. The upper end of 16 is higher than the liquid level of the mud in the backup tank 1. The liquid level pipe 16 is provided with a measurement scale. The liquid level pipe 16 is used to display the mud holding amount in the backup tank 1, which is convenient for the experimenter to observe the real-time mud holding amount. When it is insufficient, it can be remade and the mud can be replenished through the slurry adding port 100; preferably, the backup box 1 is a reinforced concrete structure or a steel structure, and the material of the liquid level pipe 16 is plexiglass, which facilitates the measurement of the mud capacity in the backup box 1 Monitoring is carried out; preferably, the box cover 10 is also provided with a slurry adding port 100 and a detection sampling port 101. The slurry adding port 100 is used to replenish mud in the spare box 1, and the detection sampling port 101 is used to replenish mud in the spare box 1. The mud is sampled; preferably, the bottom of the standby box 1 is in an inverted cone shape, and the slope of the bottom of the inverted cone-shaped standby box 1 is 8% to 12%. Such an arrangement can make cleaning and drainage smooth. The four corners of the bottom of the spare box 1 are provided with rollers 17. The rollers 17 are multi-directional rollers with fixed buttons, so that the spare box 1 can be flexibly moved and can be fixed with fixed buttons. The rollers 17 can facilitate the movement of the spare box 1, making the spare box 1 more convenient to move. The box 1 can maintain a suitable distance from the rock breaking and slag discharging device, so that the spare box 1 can transport mud that meets the test requirements to the rock breaking and slag discharging device.

Preferably, the test system also includes a detector, which can detect the performance of the mud obtained from the detection sampling port 101. The mud performance includes mud density, water loss, mud skin, colloid rate, sand content, PH value, Indicators such as viscosity, thixotropy, static shear force, etc. are used to detect the properties of the mud. The methods used to detect the properties of the mud are operated in accordance with the current relevant specifications. The detectors used to detect the properties of the mud are commercially available products corresponding to the properties of the mud, such as: mud density Use the 1002 type mud hydrometer to detect the water loss. Use the 1009 type mud water loss meter to detect the water loss. Use the 1004 type mud sand content to detect the mud sand content. Use the 1006 type funnel viscometer to detect the mud viscosity. Use the 1007 type mud static shear force. Mud shear force meter detection, as well as indicators such as mud skin, colloid ratio, PH value, thixotropy, etc., are measured using existing technology methods. Before the test, the mud performance indicators are designed according to the test requirements, and the mud is tested according to the specifications. During the test, the mud is sampled through the detection sampling port 101, and the performance of the mud is rechecked. When the performance of the mud does not meet the test requirements, the mud performance indicators are checked through the slurry adding port 100 and the mud return port 102. Correction. Experiments using different mud performance parameters were conducted to study the impact of drilling method shaft hob rock breaking and slag removal efficiency.

Further, as shown in Figures 1 and 3, the rock breaking and slag discharge device includes a frame 2. The frame 2 includes a base 25, a column 21 and a top plate 22. The column 21 is cylindrical, and there are four columns 21. The lower end of the upright column 21 is fixed on the base 25, and the top plate 22 is a steel structure. The top plate 22 is connected to the upper ends of the four upright columns 21 respectively. The base 25, the four upright columns 21 and the top plate 22 form a frame structure; preferably, the lower end of the upright column 21 is There are a plurality of haunched plates 23 around. The haunched plates 23 are connected to the columns 21 and the base 25 by welding. The test system is set up on the foundation, and the base 25 and the foundation are fixedly connected through anchor bolts 24. The frame structure composed of the base 25, the column 21 and the top plate 22 is fixedly connected to the concrete foundation, effectively transmits the load of the rock breaking and slag discharge device to the foundation, and can carry the first hydraulic cylinder 33 and the air supply pump 47 and ensure rock breaking and discharge. The slag plant is generally in a safe condition.

Further, the rock breaking and slag discharge device also includes a test box 3, a first hydraulic cylinder 33, a drill pipe 34, a drill bit 35, a cutter head 37, a cutter seat 40 and a rock sample 42; the test box 3 is used to simulate a wellbore, and the test box 3 is set in the frame 2. The test box 3 is a barrel-shaped structure with an upper opening. The rock sample 42 is set in the test box 3. The outlet of the slurry pipe 11 is located above the test box 3. The rock sample 42 is set in the test box 3. The bottom of the box 3. During the test, the mud is transported into the test box 3 by the slurry pipe 11, and the liquid level of the mud in the test box 3 is higher than the upper end of the rock sample 42; the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 33 Connected to the upper end of the drill rod 34, the lower end of the drill rod 34 extends into the test box 3, the drill bit 35 is installed on the lower end of the drill rod 34, the upper end of the cutterhead 37 is connected to the lower end of the drill bit 35, and the cutter seat 40 is installed on the cutterhead 37 On the lower surface of the hob, the tool holder 40 is used to install the hob 41. The first hydraulic cylinder 33 drives the drill bit 35 to move up and down and rotate through the drill rod 34, thereby realizing the vertical feed rotation movement of the hob 41 and driving the hob 41 to rotate. , the drill bit 35 is located above the rock sample 42. The drill bit 35 drives the hob 41 to move up and down and rotate to break the rock sample 42. The rock sample 42 is round and has a diameter larger than the diameter of the cutterhead 37. The rock sample The height of 42 is determined according to the test plan, and the rock sample 42 can be made into samples of weakly cemented different sandstone layers in proportion according to the similarity test. Preferably, the lower surface of the cutter head 37 is provided with a groove 400 along the radial direction of the cutter head 37. The cutter holder 40 is slidably connected to the cutter head 37 through the groove 400. The cutter holder 40 is provided with a fixing bolt 401, and the fixing bolt 401 can secure the cutter disc 37. The position of the cutter seat 40 on the cutter head 37 is fixed; preferably, as shown in FIG. 7 , a total of six grooves 400 are provided, and every two grooves 400 form a group, and each group of grooves 400 is along the cutter head 37 radially arranged, the distance between the two grooves 400 in each group is determined according to the size of the tool holder 40, the groove depth of the groove 400 meets the needs of the fixing bolt 401, and the angle between the two adjacent groups of grooves 400 is 60 °, each group of grooves 400 is provided with 2 to 4 tool holders 40 according to the test requirements. Each tool holder 40 is equipped with a hob 41. The position of the tool holder 40 on the cutter head 37 is adjusted through the grooves 400. , and then adjust the position of the hob 41 to adjust the distance between the hobs 41; preferably, the hob 41 is one of a scraper, a toothed wedge hob, or a ball-toothed hob, and the knife seat 40 matches the hob 41 , during the test process, by selecting hobs 41 of different types and specifications and conducting tests at different knife spacings, the impact of the setting of the hob 41 on the efficiency of rock breaking and slag removal by the shaft hob of the drilling method is studied; preferably, the hob 41 is The rock slag discharge device also includes a base 43 and a lifting mechanism 44. The foundation in the frame body 2 is provided with a foundation pit 51. The lifting mechanism 44 is arranged in the foundation pit 51. The diameter of the foundation pit 51 is larger than the diameter of the test chamber 3. The base 43 is arranged on the lifting mechanism 44. The base 43 has a cylindrical structure. The test chamber 3 is arranged on the base 43. The diameter of the base 43 is larger than the outer diameter of the test chamber 3. The lifting mechanism 44 can adjust the height of the test chamber 3. Make adjustments. The test chamber 3 is in the shape of a barrel, with a circular base 43 underneath. Since the test chamber 3 has a certain height, weight and volume, it is difficult to install and disassemble. In order to facilitate the installation and removal of the test chamber 3 including the rock sample 42 During the cleaning work at the later stage of placement and testing, a lifting mechanism 44 is provided that allows the load-bearing test box 3 to enter the working state freely up and down, making the installation and disassembly of the test box 3 easier. During the rock breaking test, adjusting the height of the rock sample 42 through the lifting mechanism 44 can reduce the downward movement range of the drill bit 35 .

Further, the rock breaking and slag discharge device also includes a connector 45, a connector 46, an air supply pump 47, an air supply pipe 39, an inner slag discharge main pipe and an inner slag discharge branch pipe 48. The air supply pump 47 and the connector 45 are both arranged on the top plate 22 , the drill pipe 34 is a hollow cylindrical structure, the internal slag discharge main pipe and the air supply pipe 39 are both arranged in the drill pipe 34, the first hydraulic cylinder 33 is connected to the drill pipe 34 through the connector 45, and the upper end of the internal slag discharge main pipe is connected through The connector 45 is connected to one end of the external slag discharge pipe 20, and the other end of the external slag discharge pipe 20 is connected to the slurry and slag separation device. The connector 45 is a dynamic and static conversion device, used for the internal slag discharge main pipe and the external slag discharge pipe in the drill pipe 34. The connection of the pipe 20 can ensure that when the drill pipe 34 rotates, the connection between the inner slag discharge main pipe and the outer slag discharge pipe 20 will not leak. The drill pipe 34 is connected to the drill bit 35 through a connecting piece 46. An enlarging head 49 is provided in the connecting piece 46; a slag suction port 38 is provided on the cutter head 37. The upper end of the inner slag discharge branch pipe 48 is connected to the inner slag discharge main pipe through the enlarging head 49. The lower end is connected. The lower end of the inner slag discharge branch pipe 48 passes through the drill bit 35 and is connected with the slag suction port 38 on the cutter head 37. The upper end of the air supply pipe 39 is connected with the air supply pump 47. The inner slag discharge branch pipe 48 is provided with an air supply port. The air supply pipe The lower end of 39 is connected with the inner slag discharge branch pipe 48 through the air supply port; the air supply pump 47 provides high-pressure air and delivers it to the inner slag discharge branch pipe 48 through the air supply pipe 39 to complete the slag discharge function. Preferably, three slag suction ports 38 are provided, and the cutterhead 37 is a disc-shaped steel plate. The three slag suction ports 38 are respectively located at the center A of the cutterhead 37 , the position B at 1/2 of the radius of the cutterhead 37 , and close to the cutter. At the edge position C of the disk 37, each slag suction port 38 is provided with a sliding cover. The sliding cover can close the slag suction port 38. The three slag suction ports 38 provide different positions of the slag suction port 38 for the test for research. Reasonable position of the slag suction port 38; there are three inner slag discharge branch pipes 48, each inner slag discharge branch pipe 48 is connected to a slag suction port 38, and each inner slag discharge branch pipe 48 is connected to an air supply pipe 39. The slag suction port 38 can be selected individually according to the test plan: A slag suction port 38 or B slag suction port 38 or C slag suction port 38, double selection AB slag suction port 38, or AC slag suction port 38, or BC slag suction port 38, select all ABC slag suction ports 38. If a certain slag suction port 38 is not used in this test, the air supply pipe 39 connected to the inner slag discharge branch pipe 48 will not be supplied with air, and the sliding cover will be used to close the slag suction port 38. . Preferably, the connecting piece 46 includes a truncated cone section 460 and a cylindrical section 461. The diameter of the upper surface of the truncated cone section 460 is smaller than the diameter of the lower surface. The upper end of the truncated cone section 460 is fixedly connected to the drill pipe 34 through the connecting flange 36 and flange bolts. The lower end of the truncated cone section 460 is connected to the upper end of the cylindrical section 461 , and the lower end of the cylindrical section 461 is fixedly connected to the drill bit 35 . The drill pipe 34 is a hollow steel structure round pipe. The hollow part is equipped with one large (internal slag discharge main pipe) and two small (air supply pipe 39) hollow pipes, which are compact in structure. During the test, the impact of selecting different positions of the slag discharge port 71 and adjusting the air supply pump 47 to generate different air pressures on the efficiency of rock breaking and slag discharge by the shaft hob of the drilling method was studied.

Further, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the test chamber 3 includes an upper section 30, a lower section 31 and a bottom plate 32. Both the upper section 30 and the lower section 31 are cylindrical structures. The inner diameter of the upper section 30 is consistent with the inner diameter of the lower section 31, and the bottom plate 32 covers At the lower end of the lower section 31, there is a sealed connection between the upper section 30 and the lower section 31, and there is a sealed connection between the lower section 31 and the bottom plate 32. The upper section 30 is made of high-strength tempered glass, and the high-strength tempered glass is white and transparent, making it easy to observe the inside of the test chamber 3 In the mud working state, the lower section 31 is made of reinforced concrete. A number of retention holes 310 are provided on the lower section 31. An annular confining plate 52 is provided close to the inner wall of the lower section 31. The material of the confining plate 52 is a steel plate. The confining plate 52 The height of the rock sample 42 is consistent with the height of the lower section 31. The rock sample 42 has a cylindrical structure. The outer diameter of the rock sample 42 is equal to the inner diameter of the confining plate 52. The height of the rock sample 42 is higher than the height of the lower section 31. The rock sample 42 It is arranged in the confining pressure plate 52, and the outer wall of the rock sample 42 is in close contact with the confining pressure plate 52; an annular second hydraulic cylinder 50 is provided on the outer periphery of the lower section 31, and the second hydraulic cylinder 50 is embedded in the outer wall of the lower section 31. The cylinder 50 has several output ends. The output end of each second hydraulic cylinder 50 contacts the confining pressure plate 52 through a reserved hole 310 on the lower section 31. The second hydraulic cylinder 50 applies radial force to the rock sample 42 through the confining pressure plate 52. confining pressure in the direction; the monitoring component includes a pressure sensor, which is connected to the control device; the pressure sensor is arranged in the second hydraulic cylinder 50, and the pressure sensor can collect data on the pressure exerted by the second hydraulic cylinder 50 on the rock sample 42, and the control device The second hydraulic cylinder 50 can be controlled based on the pressure data collected by the pressure sensor. The annular second hydraulic cylinder 50 controls the confining pressure through a pressure sensor to simulate the actual stress state of rocks at a certain depth underground. The test chamber 3 has sufficient pressure bearing capacity and sealing effect. The upper section 30 of the test chamber 3 is made of high-strength tempered glass to ensure transparency and facilitate real-time observation of the rock breaking and slag discharging effect. During the test, the effects of selecting different rock samples 42 and generating different confining pressures through the second hydraulic cylinder 50 on the efficiency of rock breaking and slag removal by the shaft hob of the drilling method were studied. Preferably, 3 rows of reserved holes 310 are evenly arranged from top to bottom on the lower section 31 , and each row of reserved holes 310 is provided with 12, and each row of reserved holes 310 is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the lower section 31 , so that the arrangement can The second hydraulic cylinder 50 is allowed to uniformly apply confining pressure to the rock sample 42, so that the rock sample 42 is pressurized more uniformly. Preferably, the height of the lower section 31 is 1m~1.5m, and the upper section 30 is composed of multiple installation units 300 arranged from top to bottom. Each installation unit 300 is annular, and each installation unit 300 is composed of three pieces of high-strength tempered glass. It is spliced together. The space between two adjacent installation units 300 is filled with elastic hydrophobic material and connected through a mortise and tenon structure. The space between two adjacent pieces of high-strength tempered glass in each installation unit 300 is filled with elastic hydrophobic material and connected. Through the connection of the mortise and tenon structure, this arrangement can facilitate disassembly and installation, and can ensure that the connection is firm and reliable without leakage; preferably, the height of each installation unit 300 is 1m, and the two adjacent installation units 300 are staggered to avoid The top and bottom are connected through seams. Preferably, the upper end of the lower section 31 is provided with an anchoring groove 311 along the circumferential direction. The depth of the anchoring groove 311 is 150mm. The lower end of the upper section 30 is located in the anchoring groove 311. The space between the lower end of the upper section 30 and the side wall of the anchoring groove 311 is filled with elastic material. Hydrophobic material prevents leakage and avoids damage caused by rigid contact during installation.

Further, as shown in Figure 4, the slurry separation device includes a slurry filter cylinder 6, a first barrel 65, a second barrel 66 and a vibrating rod motor 67. The first barrel 65 and the second barrel 66 are respectively located at On both sides of the slurry filter cylinder 6, the upper end of the slurry filter cylinder 6 is covered with a cover plate 60, and a slurry inlet 61 is provided on the cover plate 60; first filter screens 68 are arranged in the slurry filter cylinder 6 from top to bottom. and a second filter screen 69. The two side walls of the slurry filter cylinder 6 are respectively provided with a first discharge port 62 and a second discharge port 63. The first filter screen 68 and the second filter screen 69 are both inclined. One end of the filter screen 68 is connected to one side wall of the slurry filter drum 6 , and the other end of the first filter screen 68 extends from the first outlet 62 provided on the other side wall of the slurry filter drum 6 to the slurry slag. Outside the filter cylinder 6, the other end of the first filter screen 68 is located above the first barrel 65. The height of one end of the first filter screen 68 is greater than the height of the other end. The slurry inlet 61 on the cover plate 60 is arranged above the first filter screen 65. Above one end of the net 68, the other end of the external slag discharge pipe 20 is connected to the slurry inlet 61. The first filter screen 68 is used to filter the rock slag liquid transported by the external slag discharge pipe 20 for the first time. The first filter screen 68 filters The coarse rock slag particles that come out fall into the first barrel 65 through the first filter screen 68 extending to the outside of the first discharge port 62 . One end of the second filter screen 69 is connected to the other side wall of the slurry filter drum 6 , and the other end of the second filter screen 69 extends from the second outlet 63 provided on one side wall of the slurry filter drum 6 to Outside the slurry filter cylinder 6, the other end of the second filter screen 69 is located above the second barrel 66. The height of one end of the second filter screen 69 is greater than the height of the other end. The second filter screen 69 filters the first filter screen 68. The final rock slag liquid is filtered twice, and the medium-coarse rock slag particles filtered out by the second filter screen 69 fall into the second barrel 66 from the second filter screen 69 extending to the outside of the second discharge port 63 . The vibrating rod motor 67 is arranged on the cover 60. The vibrating rod motor 67 is connected to both the first filter screen 68 and the second filter screen 69. The vibrating rod motor 67 can drive the first filter screen 68 and the second filter screen 69 to vibrate. The vibration of the first filter screen 68 and the second filter screen 69 is beneficial to the effective separation of rock slag and slurry in the rock slag liquid; preferably, the cover plate 60 is provided with a mesh-shaped air outlet 64, and the air outlet 64 is used for the rock slag liquid. The water and gas are diverted, the gas in the rock slag liquid rises, and is discharged through the gas outlet 64, and the rock slag slurry is discharged due to gravity. Preferably, in order to facilitate rapid discharge of slurry slag, the bottom of the slurry slag filter drum 6 is inverted cone shape, and the slope of the bottom of the slurry sludge filter drum 6 forming an inverted cone is 45°. One end of the slurry discharge pipe 73 is connected to the slurry discharge pipe 73, and the other end of the slurry discharge pipe 73 is connected to the cyclone 70. The rock slag liquid containing only very fine sand particles after being filtered by the first filter screen 68 and the second filter screen 69 passes through the slurry discharge pipe. The pipe 73 is delivered to the cyclone 70; preferably, the angle between the first filter 68 and the horizontal plane is 30°, and the angle between the second filter 69 and the horizontal plane is 30°. Such an arrangement makes the first filter The mesh 68 and the second filter mesh 69 are relatively gentle, and the rock slag will not roll down too fast on the first filter mesh 68 and the second filter mesh 69. The aperture of the first filter 68 is 20mm~30mm, and the aperture of the second filter 69 is 4mm~6mm. The aperture settings of the first filter 68 and the second filter 69 are determined according to the difficulty of rock breaking and the test plan. In one embodiment of the present invention, the pore diameter of the first filter screen 68 is 25 mm, and the pore diameter of the second filter screen 69 is 5 mm. Preferably, the slurry filter cylinder 6 is provided with a box door to facilitate management. Preferably, it also includes a test bench 8, and the slurry and residue separation device is arranged on the test bench 8 to make it neat and orderly.

Further, as shown in Figure 4, the slurry separation device also includes a cyclone 70 and a third barrel 72. The other end of the slurry discharge pipe 73 is connected to the cyclone 70. The slag liquid in the slurry discharge pipe 73 is Entering the cyclone 70 in the tangential direction, the slurry discharge pipe 73 is provided with a second gate valve 730 and a pressure pump 731. The second gate valve 730 controls the opening and closing of the slurry discharge pipe 73, and the pressure pump 731 provides sufficient pressure for the slurry discharge pipe 73. , so that the slag liquid can smoothly enter the cyclone 70; the upper end of the cyclone 70 is connected to one end of the slurry outlet pipe 76, the cover 10 of the backup box 1 is provided with a slurry return port 102, and the other end of the slurry outlet pipe 76 is connected to the cyclone 70. The slurry return port 102 of the backup box 1 is connected; the lower end of the cyclone 70 is provided with a slag discharge port 71, and the slag discharge port 71 is connected to a slag discharge pipe 74. The third material barrel 72 is located below the slag discharge pipe 74, and the third material The barrel 72 is used to collect the extremely fine rock slag particles filtered out by the cyclone 70 , and the slag discharge pipe 74 is provided with an outlet valve 75 . The entire cyclone 70 is placed on the workbench at a suitable height, which shortens the transport height of rock slag liquid and relieves the transport pressure of the pressure pump 731.

The slurry separation device includes a slurry filter cylinder 6 and a cyclone 70. The slurry separation device separates the slag liquid from the slurry. The slurry filter cylinder 6 is provided with two layers of a first filter 68 and a second filter 69 that can filter different particle sizes. The first filter 68 filters coarse-grained rock slag, and the second filter 69 filters medium-coarse-grained rock slag. The first filter screen 68 and the second filter screen 69 are both arranged at an inclination of 30° with opposite inclination directions. One end of the first filter screen 68 and one end of the second filter screen 69 are reliably connected to the side wall of the slurry filter cylinder 6 to facilitate The rock slag rolls from a high place to the first barrel 65 and the second barrel 66 respectively by relying on its own weight and with the help of the vibration force of the vibrating rod motor 67 . The rock slag liquid filtered by the second filter 69 flows into the slurry discharge pipe 73 through the inverted cone-shaped bottom of the slurry filter barrel 6. Under the action of the pressure pump 731, the rock slag liquid enters the cyclone through the slurry discharge pipe 73. 70. When the rock slag liquid containing fine-grained rock slag enters the cyclone 70 tangentially from the other end of the slurry discharge pipe 73 under the pressure of The mud with low density rises and is discharged from the slurry outlet pipe 76 , and the fine-grained rock slag with high density is discharged from the ultra-fine rock slag outlet at the bottom and falls into the third barrel 72 . The mud in the slurry outlet pipe 76 flows back to the backup tank 1 through the mud return port 102 of the backup tank 1, thereby realizing a closed circulation of the mud and eliminating environmental pollution caused by "wasted" mud.

Further, as shown in Figure 4, the metering device includes a drying box 81 and an electronic scale 82. The drying box 81 is used to measure the coarse rock slag, medium coarse rock slag and extremely fine rock slag separated and cleaned by the slurry separation device. The slag is dried; the electronic scale 82 has a display screen. The electronic scale 82 is used to measure the weight of each group of materials and read through the display screen. The electronic scale 82 is provided with a material tray 83, and the dried coarse rock slag and medium slag are dried with the help of a clamp. Coarse rock slag and ultra-fine rock slag are placed on the material tray 83 respectively, and weighed using an electronic scale 82 and a drying box 81, and the tester records the readings. Preferably, the slurry and slag separation device and the measuring device are both arranged on the test bench 8, adjacent to the rock breaking and slag discharge device and the backup box 1. The drying box 81, electronic scale 82 and display screen are all placed on one side of the slurry and slag separation device. On the other hand, the entire test system is compact in layout, closely connected, easy to use, and integrated.

Further, the monitoring component includes a three-way force sensor, a rotational speed sensor and a displacement sensor. The three-way force sensor, rotational speed sensor and displacement sensor are all arranged on the tool holder 40 . The three-way force sensor, rotational speed sensor and displacement sensor are all connected to the control device. ; The three-way force sensor is used to collect the pressure data exerted by the first hydraulic cylinder 33, the rotation speed sensor is used to collect the rotation speed data of the drill bit 35, the displacement sensor is used to collect the vertical displacement data of the drill bit 35, and the control device is based on the three-way force sensor , the data collected by the rotation speed sensor and the displacement sensor control the first hydraulic cylinder 33 .

Through the three-way force sensor, rotation speed sensor, displacement sensor and pressure sensor, the monitoring component can monitor the time course of each direction force, the rotation speed of the drill bit 35, the vertical displacement of the drill bit 35 and the torque of the drill pipe 34 during the rock breaking process. The force time course refers to the graph of how the normal force of the hob 41, the tangential force of the hob 41 and the lateral force of the hob 41 (ordinate) change with time (abscissa) under specific drilling parameters. It reflects a dynamic relationship curve with fluctuations. The control device controls the first hydraulic cylinder 33 and the second hydraulic cylinder 50 through the pressure data collected by the monitoring component, the rotational speed data of the drill bit 35, the displacement data of the drill bit 35 and the confining pressure data. Control and store the data collected by the monitoring component.

The test system tests different types and specifications of hobs 41 at different knife spacings, different drilling pressures, different rotational speeds, and selects different rock samples 42 , different mud performance parameters, different positions of the slag discharge ports 71 , and air supply pumps 47 Experiments were carried out under different air pressures and different confining pressures generated, and the control device was used to produce experimental reports and experimental curves. The experimental reports and experimental curves were used to study the factors affecting the efficiency of rock breaking and slag removal by the shaft hob of the drilling method. By using hobs 41 of different types and specifications to conduct experiments, the tooth pitch, row pitch, penetration and tool speed of the hob 41 can be studied. Tooth pitch and row spacing are the properties of wedge-tooth hob 41, which are determined by the experimental research plan and can be customized by special manufacturers according to relevant requirements. Penetration is the drilling parameter set before the test, and then by setting other parameters or the test data obtained thereby, the rock breaking efficiency can be evaluated. Tooth pitch, row pitch, penetration and tool speed are all prerequisites for studying the rock breaking mechanism and are the main factors affecting rock breaking efficiency. The cutter seat 40 of the hob 41 rotates with the cutterhead 37 , and at the same time the hob 41 is forced to rotate around the cutter axis. The rotational power of the hob 41 depends on the rotation speed of the cutterhead 37 . The rotational speed of the cutterhead 37 depends on the power of the first hydraulic cylinder 33. It can be seen that as long as the radius of the hob 41 and the position of the tool holder 40 are known, the cutter of the hob 41 can be inferred from the rotational speed of the cutterhead 37 driven by the drill bit 35. Rotating speed.

From the above description, it can be seen that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

1. Rock breaking and slag discharge are inseparable systemic issues in drilling method construction. "Breaking out" and "discharging out" interact with each other and complement each other. Embodiments of the present invention focus on the mud performance parameters of different lithology configurations, rock breaking cutter type selection and mechanical parameters such as row spacing, tooth pitch, penetration, bit weight, cutterhead 37 (drill bit 35) of the wedge hob 41 The factors affecting the rock breaking and slag discharging efficiency of the drilling method shaft hob were studied by parameters such as rotation speed, tool rotation speed and the optimal arrangement of the knife spacing, and the position of the slag discharge port 71. The problem of rock breaking and slag discharging matching problem of the drilling method shaft hob 41 was solved, and efforts were made. Improve rock breaking and slag removal efficiency.

2. Separate residues (coarse rock slag particles filtered out by the first filter 68, medium-coarse rock slag particles filtered out by the second filter 69 and extremely fine rock slag filtered out by the cyclone 70) through rock slag mud under the same conditions. The measurement comparison of slag particles) can carry out indoor simulation research experiments on factors affecting the rock breaking efficiency of shaft drill bit hobs with various slag suction ports 38 under different hob 41 modes. This test system simulates the real scene of rock breaking and slag removal by the drilling method hob 41 indoors to the greatest extent, and has extremely strong test simulation or "miniature working scene", thus obtaining the ability to analyze, evaluate, and study the rock breaking and slag removal efficiency. The conclusion will be irreplaceable because it is close to the "prototype".

3. It avoids the disadvantages of only studying slag discharge or only rock breaking, and establishes an organic connection between rock breaking and slag discharge. It avoids the disadvantages caused by a single research condition of rock breaking or slag discharge. It can be tested according to different rock samples 42 for weak cementation. Different tools and their parameters can be selected for testing. Different drilling parameters can be selected for testing. Different mud performance parameters can be set for testing, different slag discharge ports 71 and air pressures can be selected for testing, and rock samples 42 can be tested by setting different confining pressures, maximizing and expanding the multifunctional benefits of the test bench 8. To supplement the current drilling method in my country, the type of construction hob 41 is fixed, the slag discharge port 71 is fixed, the rock mass rotation drill bit 35 does not rotate, only rock breaking, or only slag discharge is studied, the working conditions are single, the parameter index is single, and the current test situation is tried to improve the indoor The mismatched model gap caused by the inconsistency between experiments and field work conditions.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

A research and testing system for factors affecting the rock breaking and slag discharge efficiency of shaft hobs using the drilling method, which is characterized by including a spare box, a rock breaking and slag discharge device, a slurry and slag separation device, a metering device, a monitoring component and a control device, wherein,

The spare box contains mud, and the spare box is connected to the rock-breaking and slag-discharging device through a slurry pipe. The spare box is used to provide the rock-breaking and slag-discharging device with mud required for testing;

The rock breaking and slag discharging device can be used for rock breaking and slag discharging. The rock breaking and slag discharging device is connected to the slurry and slag separation device through an external slag discharging pipe. During the test process, the rock breaking and slag discharging device generated The rock slag liquid is transported to the slurry and slag separation device through the external slag discharge pipe;

The rock breaking and slag discharging device includes a frame body. The frame body includes a base, upright columns and a top plate. There are four upright columns. The lower ends of the four upright columns are fixed on the base. The top plate is connected to the four upright columns respectively. The upper ends of the upright columns are connected, and the base, the four upright columns and the top plate form a frame structure; a plurality of haunch plates are provided around the lower ends of the upright columns, and the haunch plates are connected with the upright columns and the top plate. The bases are all connected, and the base and the foundation are fixedly connected through anchor bolts;

The rock breaking and slag discharge device also includes a test box, a first hydraulic cylinder, a drill pipe, a drill bit, a cutter head, a cutter holder and a rock sample;

The test box is arranged in the frame body. The test box is a barrel-shaped structure with an upper opening. The rock sample is arranged in the test box. The outlet of the slurry pipe is located above the test box. , the rock sample is arranged at the bottom of the test box;

The output end of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the upper end of the drill rod, the lower end of the drill rod extends into the test box, the drill bit is installed on the lower end of the drill rod, and the upper end of the cutterhead Connected to the lower end of the drill bit, the tool holder is installed on the lower surface of the cutterhead. The tool holder is used to install a hob. The first hydraulic cylinder drives the drill bit to move up and down through the drill rod. and rotating, the drill bit is located above the rock sample, and the drill bit drives the hob to move up and down and rotate to break the rock sample;

The lower surface of the cutter head is provided with a groove along the radial direction of the cutter head. The cutter holder is slidably connected to the cutter head through the groove. The cutter holder is provided with a fixing bolt. The fixing bolt The position of the cutter holder on the cutterhead can be fixed;

There are six grooves in total, and every two grooves form a group. Each group of grooves is arranged along the radial direction of the cutterhead, and the gap between two adjacent groups of grooves is The angle is 60°, and 2 to 4 knife holders are set on each group of grooves according to the test requirements, and 1 hob is installed on each knife holder;

The hob is one of a scraper, a toothed wedge hob or a spherical tooth hob, and the knife holder matches the hob;

The rock breaking and slag discharging device also includes a base and a lifting mechanism. The foundation inside the frame is provided with a foundation pit. The lifting mechanism is provided in the foundation pit. The base is provided on the lifting mechanism. The base is a cylindrical structure, the test box is arranged on the base, the diameter of the base is greater than the outer diameter of the test box, and the lifting mechanism can adjust the height of the test box ;

The rock slag liquid entering the slurry and slag separation device can separate rock slag and slurry in the slurry and slag separation device;

The measuring device can be used to dry and weigh the rock slag separated by the slurry and slag separation device;

The monitoring component is connected to the control device, and the monitoring component can collect data during the test.
The drilling method shaft hob rock breaking and slag discharge efficiency research and testing system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that:

The spare box is a box structure with an upper opening. The upper end of the spare box is covered with a box cover. A slurry suction pump is provided on the cover. One end of the slurry conveying pipe is connected to the slurry suction pump. The lower end of the slurry suction pump passes through the tank cover and extends below the liquid level of the mud in the backup tank;

The bottom of the spare box is provided with a cleaning water outlet, and the cleaning water outlet is provided with a first gate valve;

A mixer is also provided on the box cover. The stirring shaft of the mixer extends into the spare box after passing through the box cover. A stirring fan blade is provided on the stirring shaft. The stirrer passes through the stirring shaft. The stirring fan blades are driven to rotate, and the rotation of the stirring fan blades can stir the mud in the backup tank;

A liquid level pipe is provided on one side of the backup tank. The lower end of the liquid level pipe is connected with the bottom of the backup tank. The upper end of the liquid level pipe is higher than the liquid level of the mud in the backup tank. The liquid level tube is equipped with a measurement scale;

The spare box is a reinforced concrete structure or a steel structure, and the liquid level tube is made of organic glass;

The box cover is also provided with a slurry adding port and a detection sampling port. The slurry adding port is used to replenish mud into the spare box, and the detection sampling port is used to carry out testing of the mud in the spare box. sampling;

The bottom of the spare box is in an inverted conical shape, and the slope of the bottom of the spare box forming an inverted cone shape is 8% to 12%, and the bottom of the spare box is provided with rollers;

It also includes a detector capable of detecting the performance of the mud obtained from the detection sampling port.
The drilling method shaft hob rock breaking and slag discharge efficiency research and testing system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that:

The rock breaking and slag discharge device also includes a connector, a connecting piece, an air supply pump, an air supply pipe, an internal slag discharge main pipe and an internal slag discharge branch pipe. The air supply pump and the connector are both arranged on the top plate, and the The drill pipe is a hollow cylindrical structure. The internal slag discharge main pipe and the air supply pipe are both arranged in the drill pipe. The first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the drill pipe through the connector. The internal slag discharge pipe is The upper end of the main pipe is connected to one end of the external slag discharge pipe through the connector, the other end of the external slag discharge pipe is connected to the slurry and slag separation device, and the drill pipe is connected to the drill bit through the connector. Connection, an enlarging head is provided in the connecting piece;

The cutterhead is provided with a slag suction port, the upper end of the inner slag discharge branch pipe is connected to the lower end of the internal slag discharge main pipe through the enlarged head, and the lower end of the inner slag discharge branch pipe passes through the drill bit and the drill bit. The slag suction port on the cutterhead is connected, the upper end of the air supply pipe is connected to the air supply pump, the inner slag discharge branch pipe is provided with an air supply port, and the lower end of the air supply pipe is connected to the air supply port through the air supply port. The internal slag discharge branch pipes are connected;

There are three slag suction ports. The cross-section of the cutterhead is circular. The three slag suction ports are respectively located at the center of the circle of the cutterhead, 1/2 of the radius of the cutterhead, and close to At the edge of the cutterhead, there are three inner slag discharge branch pipes. Each of the inner slag discharge branch pipes is connected to one of the slag suction ports. Each of the inner slag discharge branch pipes is connected to a slag suction port. The air supply pipe;

The connecting piece includes a truncated cone section and a cylindrical section. The diameter of the upper surface of the truncated cone section is smaller than the diameter of the lower surface. The upper end of the truncated cone section is fixedly connected to the drill pipe through a connecting flange and flange bolts. The lower end of the truncated cone section is connected to the upper end of the cylindrical section, and the lower end of the cylindrical section is fixedly connected to the drill bit.
The drilling method shaft hob rock breaking and slag discharge efficiency research and testing system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that:

The test chamber includes an upper section, a lower section and a bottom plate. Both the upper section and the lower section are cylindrical structures. The inner diameter of the upper section is consistent with the inner diameter of the lower section. The bottom plate covers the lower end of the lower section. The upper section There is a sealed connection with the lower section, and there is a sealed connection between the lower section and the bottom plate. The material of the upper section is high-strength tempered glass. The lower section is made of reinforced concrete. There are several There is a reserved hole, and an annular confining plate is provided close to the inner wall of the lower section. The material of the confining plate is a steel plate. The height of the confining plate is consistent with the height of the lower section. The rock sample is a cylinder. Structure, the outer diameter of the rock sample is equal to the inner diameter of the confining plate, the height of the rock sample is higher than the height of the lower section, and the rock sample is arranged in the confining plate;

An annular second hydraulic cylinder is provided on the outer periphery of the lower section. The second hydraulic cylinder has several output ends. The output end of each second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the reserved hole through one of the reserved holes on the lower section. The confining pressure plate is in contact, and the second hydraulic cylinder applies confining pressure to the rock sample through the confining pressure plate;

The monitoring component includes a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is connected to the control device;

The pressure sensor is arranged in the second hydraulic cylinder. The pressure sensor can collect data on the pressure exerted by the second hydraulic cylinder on the rock sample. The control device can collect data based on the pressure collected by the pressure sensor. The data controls the second hydraulic cylinder;

The reserved holes are evenly arranged in 3 rows from top to bottom on the lower section, with 12 reserved holes in each row, and the reserved holes in each row are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the lower section;

The height of the lower section is 1m~1.5m, and the upper section is composed of multi-section installation units arranged from top to bottom. The installation units in each section are circular, and the installation units in each section are composed of 3 pieces of high-strength tempered glass. It is spliced together. The installation units in two adjacent sections are filled with elastic hydrophobic materials and connected through a mortise and tenon structure. The two adjacent pieces of high-strength tempered glass in the installation units in each section are filled with elastic hydrophobic materials and connected. Connected through mortise and tenon structure;

The height of the installation unit described in each section is 1m;

The upper end of the lower section is provided with an anchoring groove along the circumferential direction, the depth of the anchoring groove is 150mm, and the lower end of the upper section is located in the anchoring groove.
The drilling method shaft hob rock breaking and slag discharge efficiency research and testing system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that:

The slurry and slag separation device includes a slurry and slag filter cartridge, a first barrel, a second barrel and a vibrating rod motor. The first and second barrels are respectively located on both sides of the slurry and slag filter cartridge. , the upper end of the slurry filter drum is covered with a cover plate, and the cover plate is provided with a slurry inlet;

The slurry filter cylinder is provided with a first filter screen and a second filter screen from top to bottom, and the two side walls of the slurry filter cylinder are respectively provided with a first discharge port and a second discharge port, so The first filter screen and the second filter screen are both arranged at an angle, one end of the first filter screen is connected to one side wall of the slurry filter cartridge, and the other end of the first filter screen is connected to the third filter screen. A discharge port extends to the outside of the slurry filter barrel, the other end of the first filter screen is located above the first barrel, the height of one end of the first filter screen is greater than the height of the other end, the The slurry slag inlet is arranged above one end of the first filter screen, and the other end of the external slag discharge pipe is connected to the slurry slag inlet;

One end of the second filter screen is connected to the other side wall of the slurry filter cartridge, and the other end of the second filter screen extends from the second outlet to the outside of the slurry filter cartridge, so The other end of the second filter screen is located above the second barrel, and the height of one end of the second filter screen is greater than the height of the other end;

The vibrating rod motor is arranged on the cover plate, the vibrating rod motor is connected to both the first filter screen and the second filter screen, and the vibrating rod motor can drive the first filter screen and the second filter screen. The second filter vibrates;

The cover plate is provided with an air outlet;

The bottom of the slurry filter cartridge is in an inverted cone shape, and the slope of the bottom of the slurry filter cartridge forming an inverted cone shape is 45°;

The angle between the first filter screen and the horizontal plane is 30°, the angle between the second filter screen and the horizontal plane is 30°, the aperture of the first filter screen is 20mm~30mm, and the angle between the second filter screen and the horizontal plane is 30°. The pore size of the second filter is 4mm~6mm;

It also includes a test bench, on which the slurry and residue separation device is arranged.
The drilling method shaft hob rock breaking and slag discharge efficiency research and testing system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that:

The slurry and residue separation device also includes a cyclone and a third barrel. The bottom of the slurry and residue filter cylinder is connected to one end of the slurry discharge pipe, and the other end of the slurry discharge pipe is connected to the cyclone. The slurry discharge pipe is provided with a second gate valve and a pressure pump;

The upper end of the cyclone is connected to one end of the pulp outlet pipe, the backup box is provided with a pulp return port, and the other end of the pulp outlet pipe is connected to the pulp return port of the backup box;

A slag discharge port is provided at the lower end of the cyclone. The slag discharge port is connected to a slag discharge pipe. The third barrel is located below the slag discharge pipe. An outlet valve is provided on the slag discharge pipe.
The drilling method shaft hob rock breaking and slag discharge efficiency research and testing system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that:

The measuring device includes a drying box and an electronic scale. The drying box is used to dry the rock slag separated by the slurry and slag separation device;

The electronic scale has a display screen, and a material tray is provided on the electronic scale. The electronic scale can be used to weigh the rock slag dried in the drying box;

The measuring device is installed on the test bench.
The drilling method shaft hob rock breaking and slag discharge efficiency research and testing system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that:

The monitoring component includes a three-way force sensor, a rotational speed sensor and a displacement sensor. The three-way force sensor, the rotational speed sensor and the displacement sensor are all arranged on the tool holder. The three-way force sensor, the The rotation speed sensor and the displacement sensor are both connected to the control device;

The three-way force sensor is used to collect pressure data exerted by the first hydraulic cylinder, the rotation speed sensor is used to collect rotation speed data of the drill bit, and the displacement sensor is used to collect vertical displacement data of the drill bit. , the control device controls the first hydraulic cylinder according to the data collected by the three-way force sensor, the rotation speed sensor and the displacement sensor.