WO2023188472A1 - Pipe wall thickness measurement device - Google Patents
Pipe wall thickness measurement device Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023188472A1 WO2023188472A1 PCT/JP2022/037598 JP2022037598W WO2023188472A1 WO 2023188472 A1 WO2023188472 A1 WO 2023188472A1 JP 2022037598 W JP2022037598 W JP 2022037598W WO 2023188472 A1 WO2023188472 A1 WO 2023188472A1
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- wall thickness
- center axis
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000029777 axis specification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/38—Determining or indicating operating conditions in steam boilers, e.g. monitoring direction or rate of water flow through water tubes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
- G01B21/08—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness for measuring thickness
Definitions
- the pipe wall thickness measuring device of the present invention has the advantage of being able to measure the amount of change in pipe wall thickness in a short time with less burden on the measurer.
- the pipe wall thickness measurement device of the present invention mainly includes a reference center axis determination section 10, a three-dimensional scanner 20, a measurement center axis determination section 30, and a wall thickness variation measurement section 40.
- a reference center axis determination section 10 a three-dimensional scanner 20
- a measurement center axis determination section 30 a wall thickness variation measurement section 40.
- the reference center axis determining section 10 the measurement center axis determining section 30, and the wall thickness change amount measuring section 40 may be realized by computer programs or the like for functioning as described later.
- the reference central axis determination unit 10 is for determining the longitudinal center axis of the piping in the initial state as the reference central axis.
- the reference central axis determining unit 10 determines the reference central axis from three-dimensional design data of at least a portion of the longitudinal direction of the outer surface based on the design specifications of the piping in the initial state of the piping to be measured 1. Specifically, the reference central axis determination unit 10 creates three-dimensional design data obtained from the design specifications of the pipe 1 to be measured.
- the design specifications of the pipe to be measured 1 are design parameters of the pipe, such as the outer diameter, inner diameter, wall thickness, and length in the longitudinal direction.
- pipe wall thickness measuring device of the present invention is not limited to the illustrated example described above, and it goes without saying that various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
Abstract
Provided is a pipe wall thickness measurement device with which it is possible to measure, with minimal burden to a measurer and in a short period of time, the amount of change in the wall thickness of a pipe. The pipe wall thickness measurement device comprises a reference center axis determination unit 10, a three-dimensional scanner 20, a measurement center axis determination unit 30, and a wall thickness change amount measurement unit 40. The reference center axis determination unit 10 determines, from longitudinal three-dimensional design data of an outside surface based on design specifications of a pipe in an initial state, the longitudinal center axis of the pipe in the initial state to be a reference center axis. The measurement center axis determination unit 30 extracts, from three-dimensional scan data obtained by the three-dimensional scanner 20, at least two sites having an outside diameter similar to that in the three-dimensional design data, and determines a line passing through each of the center points of the outside diameter of the extracted sites to be a measurement center axis. The wall thickness change amount measurement unit 40 matches the reference center axis and the measurement center axis, compares the outside surfaces in the three-dimensional scan data with the three-dimensional design data, and measures the amount of change in the wall thickness of the pipe subject to measurement.
Description
本発明は配管肉厚量測定装置に関し、特に、ボイラ火炉壁管等、配管表面が腐食する可能性のある被測定配管の肉厚変化量を計測するための配管肉厚量測定装置に関する。
The present invention relates to a pipe wall thickness measuring device, and particularly to a pipe wall thickness measuring device for measuring the amount of change in wall thickness of a pipe to be measured, such as a boiler furnace wall tube, whose surface may be corroded.
石炭焚きボイラにおいては、環境保護の観点から低ＮＯｘ化が推進されており、それによって，石炭中の硫黄分により生成される硫化水素を主要因とした還元腐食によるボイラ火炉壁管の損傷が顕著化している。さらに、近年のバイオマスボイラにおいては、燃焼効率の向上のために砂を使用しているため、サンドブラストによる減肉も顕著化している。このようなボイラ火炉壁管の損傷により配管に減肉が生じると危険であるため、配管肉厚が定期的に検査されており、厚さの薄い部分は肉盛等で補修されたり、配管を新品に交換したりすることで、メンテナンスが行われている。
In coal-fired boilers, reductions in NOx are being promoted from the perspective of environmental protection, and as a result, damage to boiler furnace wall tubes due to reductive corrosion caused mainly by hydrogen sulfide produced by the sulfur content in coal has become noticeable. It has become Furthermore, in recent years, biomass boilers use sand to improve combustion efficiency, and therefore, the reduction in thickness due to sandblasting has become noticeable. It is dangerous if thinning of the piping occurs due to such damage to the boiler furnace wall tube, so the thickness of the piping is regularly inspected, and thin sections are repaired with overlay, etc., or the piping is removed. Maintenance is carried out by replacing them with new ones.
このような配管の検査手法として、例えば超音波を用いたものが種々知られている（特許文献１－特許文献３）。超音波厚さ計を用いて配管の肉厚を測定する場合、配管に対して超音波探触子を当て、反射波を計測することで肉厚を測定していた。
Various methods for inspecting such piping, for example, using ultrasonic waves, are known (Patent Documents 1 to 3). When measuring the wall thickness of a pipe using an ultrasonic thickness gauge, the wall thickness is measured by applying an ultrasonic probe to the pipe and measuring the reflected waves.
しかしながら、ボイラ火炉壁管等、多数の配管が並んだ状態の配管それぞれに対して肉厚を測定する場合、１本１本の配管すべてに対して超音波探触子を当てていかなければならならず、測定者の負担が大きいだけでなく時間も要するものであった。
However, when measuring the wall thickness of a large number of pipes lined up, such as boiler furnace wall pipes, it is necessary to apply an ultrasonic probe to each pipe one by one. This not only puts a heavy burden on the person performing the measurement but also takes time.
また、各配管に沿って超音波探触子を当てて走査する必要があるが、各配管は必ずしも平行に配置されるものではなく、斜めに配置されていたり配管同士の間隔がずれていたりする場合もあった。したがって、特許文献１－特許文献３のように各配管に沿って超音波探触子を当てて走査する作業をロボット等に行わせようとした場合であっても、測定個所が配管の軸とずれてしまい、正しい肉厚を測定できない場合もあった。
In addition, it is necessary to apply an ultrasonic probe along each pipe and scan it, but the pipes are not necessarily arranged parallel to each other, but may be arranged diagonally or at different intervals. There were cases. Therefore, even if a robot or the like is used to perform scanning by applying an ultrasonic probe along each pipe as in Patent Documents 1 to 3, the measurement point may not coincide with the axis of the pipe. In some cases, the wall thickness could not be measured correctly due to misalignment.
本発明は、斯かる実情に鑑み、測定者の負担も少なく短時間で配管の肉厚変化量を計測可能な配管肉厚量測定装置を提供しようとするものである。
In view of these circumstances, the present invention aims to provide a pipe wall thickness measuring device that can measure the amount of change in pipe wall thickness in a short time with less burden on the measurer.
上述した本発明の目的を達成するために、本発明による配管肉厚量測定装置は、被測定配管の初期状態の配管の設計諸元に基づく外側表面の長手方向の少なくとも一部の３次元設計データから、初期状態の配管の長手方向の中心軸を基準中心軸として決定する基準中心軸決定部と、被測定配管の外側表面の長手方向の少なくとも一部の３次元スキャンデータを得るための３次元スキャナと、３次元スキャナにより得られる３次元スキャンデータから、３次元設計データと同様の外径を有する部位を少なくとも２か所抽出し、抽出された部位の外径の中心点をそれぞれ通る線を測定中心軸として決定する測定中心軸決定部と、基準中心軸決定部により決定される基準中心軸と測定中心軸決定部により決定される測定中心軸とを一致させ、３次元設計データの外側表面と３次元スキャンデータの外側表面とを比較し、被測定配管の肉厚変化量を計測する肉厚変化量計測部と、を具備するものである。
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the present invention, the pipe wall thickness measuring device according to the present invention performs a three-dimensional design of at least a portion of the longitudinal direction of the outer surface of the pipe to be measured based on the design specifications of the pipe in its initial state. A reference center axis determination unit that determines the longitudinal center axis of the piping in the initial state as the reference center axis from the data; From the 3D scan data obtained by the 3D scanner and the 3D scanner, extract at least 2 parts that have the same outer diameter as the 3D design data, and draw a line that passes through the center point of the outer diameter of each of the extracted parts. The measurement center axis determination section determines the measurement center axis as the measurement center axis, and the reference center axis determined by the reference center axis determination section and the measurement center axis determined by the measurement center axis determination section are aligned, and the outside of the three-dimensional design data is The apparatus includes a wall thickness change amount measurement unit that compares the surface with the outer surface of the three-dimensional scan data and measures the wall thickness change amount of the pipe to be measured.
ここで、測定中心軸決定部は、３次元設計データと同様の外径を有する部位を、３次元スキャナにより得られる３次元スキャンデータの被測定配管の長手方向の一方の端部近傍と他方の端部近傍から抽出するものであれば良い。
Here, the measurement center axis determining unit determines a part having the same outer diameter as the three-dimensional design data, near one end in the longitudinal direction of the pipe to be measured and the other in the three-dimensional scan data obtained by the three-dimensional scanner. Any extraction from the vicinity of the end is sufficient.
さらに、３次元スキャナにより得られる３次元スキャンデータに対して、肉厚変化量計測部により計測される肉厚変化量に応じた色を乗せるカラーマップ部を具備するものであっても良い。
Furthermore, it may be provided with a color map section that adds a color corresponding to the amount of wall thickness change measured by the wall thickness change amount measurement section to the three-dimensional scan data obtained by the three-dimensional scanner.
さらに、肉厚変化量計測部により計測された過去の肉厚変化量を比較する比較部を具備するものであっても良い。
Furthermore, it may include a comparison section that compares the past wall thickness change amount measured by the wall thickness change amount measurement section.
また、被測定配管がボイラ火炉壁管の各配管であれば良い。
Moreover, it is sufficient that the piping to be measured is each piping of the boiler furnace wall tube.
本発明の配管肉厚量測定装置には、測定者の負担も少なく短時間で配管の肉厚変化量を計測可能であるという利点がある。
The pipe wall thickness measuring device of the present invention has the advantage of being able to measure the amount of change in pipe wall thickness in a short time with less burden on the measurer.
以下、本発明を実施するための形態を図示例と共に説明する。本発明の配管肉厚量測定装置は、被測定配管の肉厚変化量を計測するためのものである。以下、本明細書中では、被測定配管として主にボイラ火炉壁管等の多数の配管の各配管の肉厚変化量を計測するものについて詳説する。しかしながら、本発明はこれに限定されず、１本の配管であってもその肉厚変化量を勿論測定可能である。図１は、本発明の配管肉厚量測定装置の全体構成を説明するための概略構成図である。図示の通り、本発明の配管肉厚量測定装置は、基準中心軸決定部１０と、３次元スキャナ２０と、測定中心軸決定部３０と、肉厚変化量計測部４０と、から主に構成されている。なお、基準中心軸決定部１０や測定中心軸決定部３０、肉厚変化量計測部４０は、それぞれ後述のように機能させるための電子計算機のプログラム等で実現されても良い。
Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to illustrated examples. The pipe wall thickness measurement device of the present invention is for measuring the amount of change in wall thickness of a pipe to be measured. Hereinafter, in this specification, a method for measuring the amount of change in wall thickness of a large number of pipes, mainly boiler furnace wall pipes, etc., will be described in detail as the pipes to be measured. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is of course possible to measure the amount of change in wall thickness even for a single pipe. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining the overall configuration of a pipe wall thickness measuring device according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, the pipe wall thickness measurement device of the present invention mainly includes a reference center axis determination section 10, a three-dimensional scanner 20, a measurement center axis determination section 30, and a wall thickness variation measurement section 40. has been done. Note that the reference center axis determining section 10, the measurement center axis determining section 30, and the wall thickness change amount measuring section 40 may be realized by computer programs or the like for functioning as described later.
基準中心軸決定部１０は、初期状態の配管の長手方向の中心軸を基準中心軸として決定するためのものである。基準中心軸決定部１０は、被測定配管１の初期状態の配管の設計諸元に基づく外側表面の長手方向の少なくとも一部の３次元設計データから、基準中心軸を決定する。具体的には、基準中心軸決定部１０は、被測定配管１の設計諸元から得られる３次元設計データを作成する。被測定配管１の設計諸元は、例えば外径や内径、肉厚、長手方向の長さ等、配管の設計パラメータである。本発明の配管肉厚量測定装置の基準中心軸決定部１０では、このうち少なくとも外径があれば良い。この外径は、新品時の被測定配管１の外径を意味する。３次元設計データは、所謂３Ｄ ＣＡＤデータであれば良い。なお、３次元設計データ自体は、基準中心軸決定部１０で作成する必要は必ずしもなく、配管製造メーカ等が作成した３Ｄ ＣＡＤデータを用いても良い。このような３次元設計データが３次元設計データベース１１に記憶されていれば良い。
The reference central axis determination unit 10 is for determining the longitudinal center axis of the piping in the initial state as the reference central axis. The reference central axis determining unit 10 determines the reference central axis from three-dimensional design data of at least a portion of the longitudinal direction of the outer surface based on the design specifications of the piping in the initial state of the piping to be measured 1. Specifically, the reference central axis determination unit 10 creates three-dimensional design data obtained from the design specifications of the pipe 1 to be measured. The design specifications of the pipe to be measured 1 are design parameters of the pipe, such as the outer diameter, inner diameter, wall thickness, and length in the longitudinal direction. In the reference central axis determination unit 10 of the pipe wall thickness measuring device of the present invention, at least the outer diameter is sufficient. This outer diameter means the outer diameter of the pipe 1 to be measured when it is new. The three-dimensional design data may be so-called 3D CAD data. Note that the three-dimensional design data itself does not necessarily need to be created by the reference central axis determination unit 10, and 3D CAD data created by a piping manufacturer or the like may be used. It is sufficient that such three-dimensional design data is stored in the three-dimensional design database 11.
そして、基準中心軸決定部１０は、このような３次元設計データから、３Ｄ ＣＡＤデータ上で配管の長手方向の中心軸を決定する。配管の長手方向の中心軸は、例えば２か所の外径の中心点を抽出し、抽出された２つの中心点を通る直線を基準中心軸として決定すれば良い。これは３Ｄ ＣＡＤデータを扱うプログラムの機能により自動的に決定されても良い。
Then, the reference central axis determining unit 10 determines the central axis in the longitudinal direction of the pipe on the 3D CAD data from such three-dimensional design data. The central axis in the longitudinal direction of the pipe may be determined by, for example, extracting two center points of the outer diameter, and determining a straight line passing through the two extracted center points as the reference central axis. This may be automatically determined by the function of a program that handles 3D CAD data.
３次元スキャナ２０は、被測定配管１の外側表面の長手方向の少なくとも一部の３次元スキャンデータを得るためのものである。３次元スキャナ２０は、立体物である被測定配管１に対して、例えば赤外線やレーザ等の光を照射することで３次元スキャンデータを得られるように撮像するものであれば良い。得られた３次元スキャンデータは、３次元スキャンデータベース２１に記憶されれば良い。なお、３次元スキャナ２０の種類については、プローブ等を接触させる接触式のものであっても光を照射する非接触のものであっても良く、既存の又は今後開発されるべきあらゆる３次元スキャナが適用可能である。このような３次元スキャナ２０により、被測定配管１の全体、又は少なくとも肉厚変化量を調べたい部位を含む広い範囲を走査し、３次元スキャンデータを得る。
The three-dimensional scanner 20 is for obtaining three-dimensional scan data of at least a portion of the outer surface of the piping to be measured 1 in the longitudinal direction. The three-dimensional scanner 20 may be any device that images the three-dimensional object piping 1 to be measured so as to obtain three-dimensional scan data by irradiating light such as infrared rays or laser light. The obtained three-dimensional scan data may be stored in the three-dimensional scan database 21. Note that the type of 3D scanner 20 may be a contact type in which a probe or the like is brought into contact, or a non-contact type in which light is irradiated, and any existing or future 3D scanners to be developed may be used. is applicable. Using such a three-dimensional scanner 20, a wide range including the entire piping 1 to be measured, or at least a portion where the amount of wall thickness change is desired to be investigated, is scanned to obtain three-dimensional scan data.
測定中心軸決定部３０は、被測定配管１の３次元スキャンデータから被測定配管１の長手方向の中心軸を決定するものである。具体的には、３次元スキャナ２０により得られ３次元スキャンデータベース２１に記憶された３次元スキャンデータから、３次元設計データと同様の外径を有する部位を少なくとも２か所抽出する。３次元設計データと同様の外径を有する部位とは、腐食を受けておらず外径が新品時の外径を維持している部位である。そして、この抽出された部位の外径の中心点をそれぞれ通る線を測定中心軸として決定すれば良い。なお、３次元設計データと同様の外径を有する部位は、必ずしも完全に一致する外径でなくても良く、適宜パラメータを調整することで、配管の製造誤差等による製品誤差を吸収しても良い。
The measurement center axis determining unit 30 determines the central axis of the pipe to be measured 1 in the longitudinal direction from the three-dimensional scan data of the pipe to be measured 1. Specifically, from the three-dimensional scan data obtained by the three-dimensional scanner 20 and stored in the three-dimensional scan database 21, at least two parts having the same outer diameter as the three-dimensional design data are extracted. A portion having an outer diameter similar to that of the three-dimensional design data is a portion that is not corroded and maintains the outer diameter when new. Then, a line passing through the center point of the outer diameter of each of the extracted parts may be determined as the measurement center axis. Note that the parts that have the same outer diameter as the three-dimensional design data do not necessarily have to have the same outer diameter completely, and by adjusting the parameters appropriately, product errors due to piping manufacturing errors etc. can be absorbed. good.
ここで、この３次元設計データと同様の外径を有する２か所の部位は、３次元スキャナ２０により得られる３次元スキャンデータの被測定配管１の長手方向の一方の端部近傍と他方の端部近傍から抽出すれば良い。即ち、被測定配管１の３次元スキャンデータの両端近傍からそれぞれ抽出することで、被測定配管１の全体的な傾き等を考慮した誤差の少ない中心軸を得ることが可能である。なお、３次元設計データと同様の外径を有する部位は２か所だけに限らず、より多くの部位を抽出しても良い。
Here, two parts having the same outer diameter as this three-dimensional design data are one near one end in the longitudinal direction of the pipe to be measured 1 and the other in the three-dimensional scan data obtained by the three-dimensional scanner 20. It is sufficient to extract from the vicinity of the end. That is, by extracting data from the vicinity of both ends of the three-dimensional scan data of the pipe 1 to be measured, it is possible to obtain a central axis with less error in consideration of the overall inclination of the pipe 1 to be measured. Note that the number of parts having the same outer diameter as the three-dimensional design data is not limited to two, and more parts may be extracted.
また、仮に３次元スキャンデータに３次元設計データと同様の外径を有する部位が２か所抽出できなかった場合には、３次元スキャナ２０により被測定配管１の両端部近傍までより広い範囲で撮像し直せば良い。
In addition, if it is not possible to extract two parts from the 3D scan data that have the same outer diameter as the 3D design data, the 3D scanner 20 can extract a wider area near both ends of the pipe 1 to be measured. All you have to do is take the image again.
肉厚変化量計測部４０は、被測定配管１の肉厚変化量を計測するものである。まず、肉厚変化量計測部４０は、基準中心軸決定部１０により決定される基準中心軸と、測定中心軸決定部３０により決定される測定中心軸とを一致させる。これは、３Ｄ ＣＡＤデータ上で行われれば良い。具体的には、測定中心軸に対して基準中心軸を重ね合わせていけば良い。このように基準中心軸と測定中心軸を一致させることで、施工時に配管が斜めに配置されていたり配管同士の間隔がずれていたりした場合であっても、３次元スキャンデータのすべての配管に対して３次元設計データを重ね合わせることが可能となる。したがって、ボイラ火炉壁管のような多数の配管が施工時に斜めに配置されていたり間隔がずれていたりした場合であっても、これらの施工時の誤差は無視できる状態となる。
The wall thickness change measurement unit 40 measures the wall thickness change of the pipe 1 to be measured. First, the thickness change amount measuring section 40 matches the reference center axis determined by the reference center axis determining section 10 and the measurement center axis determined by the measurement center axis determining section 30. This may be done on 3D CAD data. Specifically, the reference center axis may be superimposed on the measurement center axis. By aligning the reference center axis and the measurement center axis in this way, all the pipes in the 3D scan data can be matched even if the pipes are arranged diagonally or the distance between the pipes is off during construction. It becomes possible to superimpose three-dimensional design data on the other hand. Therefore, even if a large number of pipes such as boiler furnace wall tubes are arranged diagonally or at different intervals during construction, errors during construction can be ignored.
そして、肉厚変化量計測部４０では、基準中心軸と測定中心軸を一致させた上で、３次元設計データの外側表面と３次元スキャンデータの外側表面とを比較し、肉厚変化量を計測している。即ち、重ね合わされた３次元設計データの外側表面と３次元スキャンデータの外側表面との差分を取り、この差分を肉厚変化量としている。なお、３次元設計データの外側表面と３次元スキャンデータの外側表面との差分がマイナスであれば減肉が生じており、プラスであれば肉盛等が行われた部位であることが分かる。このようにして計測された肉厚変化量は、例えば肉厚変化量データベース４１に記憶されれば良い。
Then, the wall thickness change measurement unit 40 compares the outer surface of the 3D design data and the outer surface of the 3D scan data after aligning the reference center axis and the measurement center axis, and calculates the wall thickness change amount. It is being measured. That is, the difference between the outer surface of the superimposed three-dimensional design data and the outer surface of the three-dimensional scan data is taken, and this difference is taken as the amount of wall thickness change. Note that if the difference between the outer surface of the three-dimensional design data and the outer surface of the three-dimensional scan data is negative, thinning has occurred, and if it is positive, it is understood that the area has been overlaid. The wall thickness change amount measured in this manner may be stored in the wall thickness change amount database 41, for example.
なお、上述の図示例では、外側表面のみの差分を取って肉厚変化量を計測する例について説明したが、肉厚変化量とは、肉厚自体を計測するものであっても良い。即ち、例えば被測定配管１の設計諸元として、外径だけでなく内径も利用した場合には、３次元設計データの内径から３次元スキャンデータの外側表面までの距離により、肉厚自体を計測することも可能である。即ち、非破壊で肉厚自体を計測することも可能である。
Note that in the illustrated example described above, an example was explained in which the amount of change in wall thickness is measured by taking the difference between only the outer surfaces, but the amount of change in wall thickness may also mean measuring the wall thickness itself. That is, for example, if not only the outer diameter but also the inner diameter is used as the design specifications of the pipe to be measured 1, the wall thickness itself can be measured from the distance from the inner diameter of the 3D design data to the outer surface of the 3D scan data. It is also possible to do so. That is, it is also possible to measure the wall thickness itself non-destructively.
本発明の配管肉厚量測定装置では、このように３次元設計データと３次元スキャンデータを比較することで、瞬時に肉厚変化量を計測することが可能となる。測定現場では被測定配管１の３次元スキャンデータを得るだけで良く、測定者の負担も少なく短時間で配管の肉厚変化量を計測できるようになる。また、非破壊で配管の肉厚変化量を計測可能なため、測定後に配管を回復させるといった作業もない。
With the pipe wall thickness measuring device of the present invention, by comparing the three-dimensional design data and three-dimensional scan data in this way, it is possible to instantly measure the amount of wall thickness change. At the measurement site, it is only necessary to obtain three-dimensional scan data of the pipe to be measured 1, and the amount of change in wall thickness of the pipe can be measured in a short time with less burden on the measurer. Furthermore, since the amount of change in the wall thickness of the pipe can be measured non-destructively, there is no need to restore the pipe after measurement.
また、本発明の配管肉厚量測定装置には、肉厚変化量を具体的な数値だけでなく、肉厚変化量に応じて色を変化させて表示させるカラーマップ部５０を設けても良い。カラーマップ部５０は、３次元スキャナ２０により得られる３次元スキャンデータに対して、肉厚変化量計測部４０により測定される肉厚変化量に応じた色を乗せれば良い。具体的には、３Ｄ ＣＡＤデータ上で、配管の外径表面に対して肉厚変化量に応じて色を変化させる。例えば３次元設計データの外側表面と３次元スキャンデータの外側表面との差分がマイナスであれば寒色系の色に、プラスであれば暖色系の色といったように色を乗せれば良い。このように表示することで、ボイラ火炉壁管の全体像からどの辺りに減肉が生じているか等を簡単に確認することが可能となる。また、肉厚変化量が規定値を越える箇所、即ち、大きい減肉箇所を強調表示させることも可能である。さらに、必要により肉厚自体を数値で示すことも可能である。
Further, the pipe wall thickness measuring device of the present invention may be provided with a color map section 50 that displays the amount of change in wall thickness not only as a specific numerical value but also in a color that changes depending on the amount of change in wall thickness. . The color map section 50 may add a color to the three-dimensional scan data obtained by the three-dimensional scanner 20 in accordance with the amount of change in wall thickness measured by the amount of change in wall thickness measuring section 40 . Specifically, on the 3D CAD data, the color of the outer diameter surface of the pipe is changed according to the amount of change in wall thickness. For example, if the difference between the outer surface of the three-dimensional design data and the outer surface of the three-dimensional scan data is negative, a cool color may be applied, and if the difference is positive, a warm color may be applied. By displaying in this way, it becomes possible to easily check where thinning has occurred from the overall image of the boiler furnace wall tube. It is also possible to highlight locations where the amount of change in wall thickness exceeds a specified value, that is, locations with large thickness reductions. Furthermore, if necessary, it is also possible to indicate the wall thickness itself numerically.
さらに、本発明の配管肉厚量測定装置には、比較部６０を設けても良い。比較部６０は、肉厚変化量計測部４０により測定された過去の肉厚変化量を比較するものである。過去の肉厚変化量は、肉厚変化量データベース４１に記憶されたものを用いれば良い。このような比較部６０により肉厚変化量を比較することで、測定された時期毎の経年変化を見ることも可能である。ボイラ火炉壁管の減肉速度は配管の位置によっても異なるため、経年変化を見ることで各配管に対する補修や交換等のメンテナンスのスケジュールも立てやすくなる。
Furthermore, the comparison section 60 may be provided in the pipe wall thickness measuring device of the present invention. The comparison section 60 compares the past wall thickness change amounts measured by the wall thickness change amount measurement section 40. As the past wall thickness change amount, what is stored in the wall thickness change amount database 41 may be used. By comparing the amount of change in wall thickness using such a comparison unit 60, it is also possible to see changes over time for each measured period. The rate of thinning of boiler furnace wall tubes varies depending on the location of the pipe, so by looking at changes over time, it becomes easier to schedule maintenance such as repair and replacement for each pipe.
図２に、本発明の配管肉厚量測定装置により得られたボイラ火炉壁管のカラーマップ部によるカラーマップ表示の一例を示す。なお、実際にはフルカラーでの表示が可能であるが、本図面ではグレースケール表示としている。図示の通り、減肉が生じている箇所や肉盛された箇所が一目瞭然である。
FIG. 2 shows an example of a color map display by the color map section of a boiler furnace wall tube obtained by the pipe wall thickness measuring device of the present invention. Although it is actually possible to display in full color, this drawing shows grayscale display. As shown in the figure, the areas where thinning has occurred and the areas where overlay has been added are obvious at a glance.
なお、本発明の配管肉厚量測定装置は、上述の図示例にのみ限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において種々変更を加え得ることは勿論である。
It should be noted that the pipe wall thickness measuring device of the present invention is not limited to the illustrated example described above, and it goes without saying that various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.
１ 被測定配管
１０ 基準中心軸決定部
１１ ３次元設計データベース
２０ ３次元スキャナ
２１ ３次元スキャンデータベース
３０ 測定中心軸決定部
４０ 肉厚変化量計測部
４１ 肉厚変化量データベース
５０ カラーマップ部
６０ 比較部 1 Piping to be measured 10 Reference centeraxis determining section 11 3D design database 20 3D scanner 21 3D scan database 30 Measurement center axis determining section 40 Wall thickness change measurement section 41 Wall thickness change amount database 50 Color map section 60 Comparison section
１０ 基準中心軸決定部
１１ ３次元設計データベース
２０ ３次元スキャナ
２１ ３次元スキャンデータベース
３０ 測定中心軸決定部
４０ 肉厚変化量計測部
４１ 肉厚変化量データベース
５０ カラーマップ部
６０ 比較部 1 Piping to be measured 10 Reference center
Claims (5)
- 被測定配管の肉厚変化量を計測するための配管肉厚量測定装置であって、該配管肉厚量測定装置は、
被測定配管の初期状態の配管の設計諸元に基づく外側表面の長手方向の少なくとも一部の３次元設計データから、初期状態の配管の長手方向の中心軸を基準中心軸として決定する基準中心軸決定部と、
被測定配管の外側表面の長手方向の少なくとも一部の３次元スキャンデータを得るための３次元スキャナと、
前記３次元スキャナにより得られる３次元スキャンデータから、３次元設計データと同様の外径を有する部位を少なくとも２か所抽出し、抽出された部位の外径の中心点をそれぞれ通る線を測定中心軸として決定する測定中心軸決定部と、
基準中心軸決定部により決定される基準中心軸と測定中心軸決定部により決定される測定中心軸とを一致させ、３次元設計データの外側表面と３次元スキャンデータの外側表面とを比較し、被測定配管の肉厚変化量を計測する肉厚変化量計測部と、
を具備することを特徴とする配管肉厚量測定装置。 A pipe wall thickness measuring device for measuring the amount of change in wall thickness of a pipe to be measured, the pipe wall thickness measuring device comprising:
A reference center axis that determines the center axis in the longitudinal direction of the piping in its initial state as the reference center axis from three-dimensional design data of at least a portion of the longitudinal direction of the outer surface based on the design specifications of the piping in its initial state. A decision section,
a three-dimensional scanner for obtaining three-dimensional scan data of at least a portion of the outer surface of the piping to be measured in the longitudinal direction;
At least two parts having the same outer diameter as the three-dimensional design data are extracted from the three-dimensional scan data obtained by the three-dimensional scanner, and a line passing through the center point of the outer diameter of each extracted part is set as the measurement center. a measurement center axis determination unit that determines the axis;
aligning the reference center axis determined by the reference center axis determination unit with the measurement center axis determined by the measurement center axis determination unit, and comparing the outer surface of the three-dimensional design data and the outer surface of the three-dimensional scan data; a wall thickness change measurement unit that measures the wall thickness change of the pipe to be measured;
A pipe wall thickness measuring device characterized by comprising: - 請求項１に記載の配管肉厚量測定装置において、前記測定中心軸決定部は、３次元設計データと同様の外径を有する部位を、３次元スキャナにより得られる３次元スキャンデータの被測定配管の長手方向の一方の端部近傍と他方の端部近傍から抽出することを特徴とする配管肉厚量測定装置。 2. The pipe wall thickness measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the measurement center axis determination unit determines a part having the same outer diameter as the three-dimensional design data from the pipe to be measured in three-dimensional scan data obtained by a three-dimensional scanner. A pipe wall thickness measuring device characterized in that it extracts data from the vicinity of one end and the vicinity of the other end in the longitudinal direction.
- 請求項１に記載の配管肉厚量測定装置であって、さらに、前記３次元スキャナにより得られる３次元スキャンデータに対して、肉厚変化量計測部により計測される肉厚変化量に応じた色を乗せるカラーマップ部を具備することを特徴とする配管肉厚量測定装置。 2. The pipe wall thickness measuring device according to claim 1, further comprising: measuring the amount of change in wall thickness measured by the wall thickness change amount measuring section with respect to the three-dimensional scan data obtained by the three-dimensional scanner. A pipe wall thickness measuring device characterized by having a color map section on which colors are placed.
- 請求項１に記載の配管肉厚量測定装置であって、さらに、前記肉厚変化量計測部により計測された過去の肉厚変化量を比較する比較部を具備することを特徴とする配管肉厚量測定装置。 2. The pipe wall thickness measurement device according to claim 1, further comprising a comparison section for comparing past wall thickness changes measured by the wall thickness change measurement section. Thickness measuring device.
- 請求項１乃至請求項４の何れかに記載の配管肉厚量測定装置において、被測定配管がボイラ火炉壁管の各配管であることを特徴とする配管肉厚量測定装置。 The pipe wall thickness measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pipes to be measured are each pipe of a boiler furnace wall tube.
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