WO2023187704A1 - Compositions containing chromium - Google Patents

Compositions containing chromium Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023187704A1
WO2023187704A1 PCT/IB2023/053183 IB2023053183W WO2023187704A1 WO 2023187704 A1 WO2023187704 A1 WO 2023187704A1 IB 2023053183 W IB2023053183 W IB 2023053183W WO 2023187704 A1 WO2023187704 A1 WO 2023187704A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
composition
component
base substrate
chromium
chrome
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2023/053183
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Rhynhardt ERASMUS
Original Assignee
Erasmus Rhynhardt
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Erasmus Rhynhardt filed Critical Erasmus Rhynhardt
Publication of WO2023187704A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023187704A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/5025—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with ceramic materials
    • C04B41/5033—Chromium oxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
    • C04B41/61—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/70—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
    • C04B41/71—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions at least one coating being an organic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
    • C22C27/06—Alloys based on chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/60—Flooring materials

Definitions

  • This invention relates to compositions containing chromium.
  • the invention relates to a composition, a method of covering a surface of an object, a method of making an object, a tile, and a layered product.
  • Chromite a by-product from processing mined chrome ore, is commonly used in the metallurgical, refractory and chemical industries.
  • chromite is used in chrome plating and alloying for the production of corrosion resistant alloys/steel or as a pigment for glass, glazes and paint.
  • the inventor has identified a novel means of combining chromite with other materials and/or substances in order to provide a novel application thereof.
  • a composition which includes a chromium component; and an adhesive component admixed with the chromium component to form the composition.
  • the chromium component may include any one or more of: chrome, chrome concentrate, Chromite, Chromium(lll) oxide (C ⁇ Os), high or low carbon Ferro Chrome, Ferro Chrome (FeCr), CrFe2, a chrome by product, chromite sand or the like.
  • the chromium component may be granular.
  • the particle size of the granules may be between 0.075mm and 4.75mm.
  • the adhesive component may include any one or more of the following: a stone sealer, a brick sealer, epoxy, glue, resin, a cementitious material, a sealer liquid, sealant, fibre additives, fibre glass, bonding liquid, solvent cement, PVC cement, or the like.
  • the composition may further include a strengthening component.
  • the strengthening component may be in the form of fibre glass, fibre additives, fibres, glass, or the like.
  • the composition may include between 10 and 99 (w/w)% of the chromium component.
  • the composition may include between 1 and 30 (w/w)% of the adhesive component.
  • the composition may include a diluent.
  • the diluent may be in the form of water or the like.
  • composition may be in the form of any one or more of the following: a viscous liquid, a sprayable liquid, aqueous liquid or the like.
  • the composition may be in the form of a surface coating mixture, capable of being applied to a surface, to form a layer on the surface.
  • the surface may be in the form of a building element, such as a wall, roof or floor element.
  • the surface may be any suitable surface, including a steel surface, cement surface, plastic surface, glass surface, fiberglass surface or the like.
  • the surface may be in the form of a PVC pipe, in which the surface coating mixture may be used to cover any one or both of an internal surface or outer surface of the pipe.
  • the surface may comprise of brick, concrete or the like, onto which the surface coating mixture may be sprayed. It is to be appreciated that the surface coating mixture may also be brushed onto the surface.
  • the surface may comprise of a timber object onto which the surface coating mixture may be applied. It is to be appreciated that an outer surface of the timber object may be abraded in order provide for a suitable surface finish to which the surface coating mixture is capable of adhering to.
  • the layer formed on a surface may be impermeable, waterproof or the like.
  • the composition may be a composition suitable for embedding (an embedding composition).
  • an embedding composition the composition may be embedded into another composition or object, to provide strength to the composition or object. Such as embedding the composition into a porous or semi-porous object.
  • the composition may be in the form of a moulding mixture, capable of being moulded into an object.
  • the moulding mixture may be in the form of a casting mixture, for casting in a mould.
  • a method of covering a surface of an object which includes the steps of: providing a base substrate; and applying a composition as described, onto the base substrate.
  • the base substrate may include wood, brick, concrete, timber, plastic, metal, steel, glass, fibreglass, fibre or the like.
  • the step of applying the composition may include spraying, pouring, painting, brushing or embedding the composition onto the base substrate.
  • a method of making an object which includes the steps of: providing a base substrate; applying a chromium component, as described above, onto the base substrate; and sealing the chromium component onto the base substrate, to provide the object.
  • the step of providing the base substrate may be in the form of producing a base substrate.
  • Producing a base substrate may include the steps of providing a mould for an object, and providing a composition to be moulded within the mould.
  • the method may further include a step of curing the composition within the mould, alternatively, a step of oven-baking the composition within a mould.
  • the composition may comprise of any one or more of the following: a cementitious material, a ceramic material, a porcelain material, fibre glass, polyethylene or the like.
  • the composition may be cured through air hardening or the like.
  • the step of applying the chromium component onto the base substrate may be an interim step during the step of curing or oven-baking of the composition within the mould.
  • a portion of the chromium component may sink into the composition of the base substrate, resulting in a residue of the chrome component settling on top of the base substrate.
  • the step of sealing the chromium component onto the base substrate may include applying an adhesive component capable of adhering the chromium component residue to the base substrate.
  • the adhesive component may be sprayed, poured, brushed or the like, onto the chromium component. Furthermore, the adhesive component may be capable of providing a coating to the object, such that a top surface of the object may comprise of a waterproof layer.
  • the adhesive component may be in the form of any one or more of the following: a stone sealer, a brick sealer, epoxy, glue, resin or the like.
  • the object may be in the form of a slab.
  • the slab may be in the form of a tile, paver, or the like, operable to be used as a floor or wall covering.
  • a tile which includes a cementitious base, shaped in the form of a slab; a chromium component residue layer on at least one face of the cementitious base; and a sealant layer over the chromium component residue layer.
  • the cementitious base may comprise of cement having a chrome component dispersed therein.
  • a layered product which includes layers of a chromium component layer; and an adhesive component layer.
  • the layered product may further include a strengthening component layer.
  • the strengthening component layer may be in the form of any one or more of fibre glass, fibre additives, or the like.
  • the chromium component layer may include any one or more of: chrome, chrome concentrate, Chromite, Chromium(lll) oxide (C ⁇ Os), high or low carbon Ferro Chrome, Ferro Chrome (FeCr), CrFe2, a chrome by product, chromite sand or the like.
  • the adhesive component layer may include any one or more of the following: a stone sealer, a brick sealer, epoxy, glue, resin, a cementitious material, a sealer liquid, sealant, fibre additives, fibre glass, bonding liquid, solvent cement, PVC cement, or the like.
  • the layered product may include multiple layers, in any order, of any of the chromium component layers, adhesive component layers and/or strengthening component layers listed, not limited to the number of layers.
  • the layered product may be applied to a surface of an object, alternatively the layered product may be independent.
  • the object may in the form of industrial parts, construction objects, automotive parts, pipes, equipment, or the like, but not limited to these objects.
  • the invention also relates to the use of a Chromium component and an adhesive component to produce novel products.
  • the invention further relates to a product into which a chromium composition, as described, is embedded.
  • the invention even further relates to a method of producing an embedded product, which includes the steps of: providing a base substrate; and embedding a composition as described, in the base substrate.
  • Figure 1 shows a flow-diagram representing a method of covering a building object in accordance with one aspect of the invention
  • Figure 2 shows a flow-diagram representing a method of making a slab in accordance with another aspect of the invention.
  • Figure 3 shows a photo of a tile in accordance with another aspect of the invention.
  • reference numeral 10 refers to a method of covering a surface of a building object. The method (10) starts at reference numeral 12.
  • the method (10) includes a step of providing a base substrate.
  • the base substrate is in the form of the face of a brick wall.
  • a composition in the form of a surface coating mixture is applied onto the brick wall.
  • the surface coating mixture includes a chromium component, and an adhesive component admixed with the chrome component, the surface coating mixture capable of being applied to a surface, to form a layer on the surface.
  • the chromium component is in the form of Chromium(lll) oxide (Cr20s) and the adhesive is in the form of a resin.
  • the chromium component is in granular form and has a particle size of between 0.075mm and 4.75mm.
  • the surface coating mixture is sprayed onto the brick wall, and allowed to dry, the surface coating mixture forms a layer on the surface of the bricks which is impermeable and provides an aesthetically pleasing finish to the brick wall.
  • the method (10) ends at reference numeral 18.
  • reference numeral 20 refers to a method of making a slab. The method (20) starts at reference numeral 22.
  • a base substrate is provided.
  • providing a base substrate is in the form of producing a base substrate.
  • the step of producing the base substrate (24) includes the steps of providing a mould for a slab, and providing a composition to be moulded within the mould. The composition is poured into the mould, such the composition takes the shape of the mould. In this example, the composition is cement.
  • the method (20) includes applying a chromium component onto the cement within the mould.
  • the chromium component is Chromium(lll) oxide (Cr20s).
  • the Chromium(lll) oxide (CT2O3) is strewed over the wet cement within the mould. During this step a portion of the chromium component sinks into the cement, resulting in residue of the chromium component settling on a top layer of the cement.
  • the cement and chromium component is allowed to cure within the mould, and the base substrate is removed from the mould.
  • the top layer of the base substrate, on which the residual chromium component has settled is sealed with an adhesive component.
  • the adhesive component is in the form of stone sealer, and is poured over the top layer of the base substrate. The adhesive component adheres the chromium component residue to the base substrate, and provides a layer over the surface of the base substrate, to define the slab.
  • the slab is in the form of a decorative tile, usable as a floor covering.
  • the method ends at 32.
  • reference numeral 50 refer to a tile.
  • the tile (50) is manufactured in accordance with the method described in Figure 2.
  • the tile (50) includes a cementitious base (52), shaped in the form of a slab, a chromium component residue layer (54) on at least one face of the cementitious base, and a sealant layer (not shown) over the chrome component residue layer.
  • the cementitious base (52) comprises of cement having a chromium component dispersed therein.
  • a first layered product consists of layers of bonding liquid, chrome concentrate or ferrochrome concentrate, fibre glass, and sealant.
  • Another layered product consists of layers of chrome concentrate or ferrochrome concentrate, bonding liquid, fibre glass, resin, chrome concentrate or ferrochrome concentrate.
  • the two layered products mentioned are merely examples, and the layered product may include multiple layers, in any order, of any of the chromium components, adhesive components and/or strengthening components listed, and not limited to the number of layers, or the surface to which the layered product may be applied.
  • the layered product as mentioned is applied on the surface of a PVC pipe, on any one or both of the outer and inner pipe surface. This produces a pipe which is more resistant to wear and tear.
  • the inventor believes that the invention provides a novel means in which a chromium component is admixed with other materials to provide for novel objects.

Abstract

The invention relates to compositions containing chromium. In particular, the composition includes a chromium component, and an adhesive component admixed with the chromium component to form the composition. Furthermore, the invention extends to methods (10), (20) of using the composition for covering a surface on an object, and making an object.

Description

Compositions containing chromium
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to compositions containing chromium. In particular, the invention relates to a composition, a method of covering a surface of an object, a method of making an object, a tile, and a layered product.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Chromite, a by-product from processing mined chrome ore, is commonly used in the metallurgical, refractory and chemical industries. For example, chromite is used in chrome plating and alloying for the production of corrosion resistant alloys/steel or as a pigment for glass, glazes and paint.
The inventor has identified a novel means of combining chromite with other materials and/or substances in order to provide a novel application thereof.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to a first aspect of the invention there is provided a composition, which includes a chromium component; and an adhesive component admixed with the chromium component to form the composition.
The chromium component may include any one or more of: chrome, chrome concentrate, Chromite, Chromium(lll) oxide (C^Os), high or low carbon Ferro Chrome, Ferro Chrome (FeCr), CrFe2, a chrome by product, chromite sand or the like.
The chromium component may be granular. The particle size of the granules may be between 0.075mm and 4.75mm. The adhesive component may include any one or more of the following: a stone sealer, a brick sealer, epoxy, glue, resin, a cementitious material, a sealer liquid, sealant, fibre additives, fibre glass, bonding liquid, solvent cement, PVC cement, or the like.
The composition may further include a strengthening component. The strengthening component may be in the form of fibre glass, fibre additives, fibres, glass, or the like.
The composition may include between 10 and 99 (w/w)% of the chromium component. The composition may include between 1 and 30 (w/w)% of the adhesive component.
The composition may include a diluent. The diluent may be in the form of water or the like.
The composition may be in the form of any one or more of the following: a viscous liquid, a sprayable liquid, aqueous liquid or the like.
In one embodiment, the composition may be in the form of a surface coating mixture, capable of being applied to a surface, to form a layer on the surface.
The surface may be in the form of a building element, such as a wall, roof or floor element. The surface may be any suitable surface, including a steel surface, cement surface, plastic surface, glass surface, fiberglass surface or the like. In one example, the surface may be in the form of a PVC pipe, in which the surface coating mixture may be used to cover any one or both of an internal surface or outer surface of the pipe.
In one embodiment of the invention, the surface may comprise of brick, concrete or the like, onto which the surface coating mixture may be sprayed. It is to be appreciated that the surface coating mixture may also be brushed onto the surface. In another embodiment of the invention, the surface may comprise of a timber object onto which the surface coating mixture may be applied. It is to be appreciated that an outer surface of the timber object may be abraded in order provide for a suitable surface finish to which the surface coating mixture is capable of adhering to.
In use, and once cured, the layer formed on a surface may be impermeable, waterproof or the like.
In another embodiment, the composition may be a composition suitable for embedding (an embedding composition). In use, the composition may be embedded into another composition or object, to provide strength to the composition or object. Such as embedding the composition into a porous or semi-porous object.
In another embodiment of the invention, the composition may be in the form of a moulding mixture, capable of being moulded into an object. The moulding mixture may be in the form of a casting mixture, for casting in a mould.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of covering a surface of an object, which includes the steps of: providing a base substrate; and applying a composition as described, onto the base substrate.
The base substrate may include wood, brick, concrete, timber, plastic, metal, steel, glass, fibreglass, fibre or the like.
The step of applying the composition may include spraying, pouring, painting, brushing or embedding the composition onto the base substrate.
According to a further aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of making an object, which includes the steps of: providing a base substrate; applying a chromium component, as described above, onto the base substrate; and sealing the chromium component onto the base substrate, to provide the object.
The step of providing the base substrate may be in the form of producing a base substrate.
Producing a base substrate may include the steps of providing a mould for an object, and providing a composition to be moulded within the mould.
The method may further include a step of curing the composition within the mould, alternatively, a step of oven-baking the composition within a mould.
The composition may comprise of any one or more of the following: a cementitious material, a ceramic material, a porcelain material, fibre glass, polyethylene or the like.
The composition may be cured through air hardening or the like.
It is to be appreciated that, the step of applying the chromium component onto the base substrate may be an interim step during the step of curing or oven-baking of the composition within the mould.
During the step of applying the chromium component onto the base substrate, a portion of the chromium component may sink into the composition of the base substrate, resulting in a residue of the chrome component settling on top of the base substrate.
The step of sealing the chromium component onto the base substrate may include applying an adhesive component capable of adhering the chromium component residue to the base substrate.
The adhesive component may be sprayed, poured, brushed or the like, onto the chromium component. Furthermore, the adhesive component may be capable of providing a coating to the object, such that a top surface of the object may comprise of a waterproof layer.
The adhesive component may be in the form of any one or more of the following: a stone sealer, a brick sealer, epoxy, glue, resin or the like.
In one example, the object may be in the form of a slab. The slab may be in the form of a tile, paver, or the like, operable to be used as a floor or wall covering.
According to yet a further aspect of the invention, there is provided a tile, which includes a cementitious base, shaped in the form of a slab; a chromium component residue layer on at least one face of the cementitious base; and a sealant layer over the chromium component residue layer.
The cementitious base may comprise of cement having a chrome component dispersed therein.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a layered product, which includes layers of a chromium component layer; and an adhesive component layer.
The layered product may further include a strengthening component layer. The strengthening component layer may be in the form of any one or more of fibre glass, fibre additives, or the like.
The chromium component layer may include any one or more of: chrome, chrome concentrate, Chromite, Chromium(lll) oxide (C^Os), high or low carbon Ferro Chrome, Ferro Chrome (FeCr), CrFe2, a chrome by product, chromite sand or the like. The adhesive component layer may include any one or more of the following: a stone sealer, a brick sealer, epoxy, glue, resin, a cementitious material, a sealer liquid, sealant, fibre additives, fibre glass, bonding liquid, solvent cement, PVC cement, or the like.
The layered product may include multiple layers, in any order, of any of the chromium component layers, adhesive component layers and/or strengthening component layers listed, not limited to the number of layers.
The layered product may be applied to a surface of an object, alternatively the layered product may be independent.
The object may in the form of industrial parts, construction objects, automotive parts, pipes, equipment, or the like, but not limited to these objects.
The invention also relates to the use of a Chromium component and an adhesive component to produce novel products.
The invention further relates to a product into which a chromium composition, as described, is embedded.
The invention even further relates to a method of producing an embedded product, which includes the steps of: providing a base substrate; and embedding a composition as described, in the base substrate.
The invention is now described, by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying figures:
FIGURE(S)
In the figure(s): Figure 1 shows a flow-diagram representing a method of covering a building object in accordance with one aspect of the invention;
Figure 2 shows a flow-diagram representing a method of making a slab in accordance with another aspect of the invention; and
Figure 3 shows a photo of a tile in accordance with another aspect of the invention.
In the figures, like reference numerals denote like parts of the invention unless otherwise indicated.
EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
In Figure 1, reference numeral 10 refers to a method of covering a surface of a building object. The method (10) starts at reference numeral 12.
At 14, the method (10) includes a step of providing a base substrate. In this example, the base substrate is in the form of the face of a brick wall.
At 16, a composition in the form of a surface coating mixture is applied onto the brick wall.
The surface coating mixture includes a chromium component, and an adhesive component admixed with the chrome component, the surface coating mixture capable of being applied to a surface, to form a layer on the surface.
In this example, the chromium component is in the form of Chromium(lll) oxide (Cr20s) and the adhesive is in the form of a resin.
The chromium component is in granular form and has a particle size of between 0.075mm and 4.75mm.
In use, the surface coating mixture is sprayed onto the brick wall, and allowed to dry, the surface coating mixture forms a layer on the surface of the bricks which is impermeable and provides an aesthetically pleasing finish to the brick wall. The method (10) ends at reference numeral 18.
In Figure 2, reference numeral 20 refers to a method of making a slab. The method (20) starts at reference numeral 22.
At 24, a base substrate is provided. In this example, providing a base substrate is in the form of producing a base substrate. The step of producing the base substrate (24) includes the steps of providing a mould for a slab, and providing a composition to be moulded within the mould. The composition is poured into the mould, such the composition takes the shape of the mould. In this example, the composition is cement.
At 26, the method (20) includes applying a chromium component onto the cement within the mould. In this example, the chromium component is Chromium(lll) oxide (Cr20s). The Chromium(lll) oxide (CT2O3) is strewed over the wet cement within the mould. During this step a portion of the chromium component sinks into the cement, resulting in residue of the chromium component settling on a top layer of the cement.
At 28 the cement and chromium component is allowed to cure within the mould, and the base substrate is removed from the mould.
At 30, the top layer of the base substrate, on which the residual chromium component has settled, is sealed with an adhesive component. In this example, the adhesive component is in the form of stone sealer, and is poured over the top layer of the base substrate. The adhesive component adheres the chromium component residue to the base substrate, and provides a layer over the surface of the base substrate, to define the slab.
The slab is in the form of a decorative tile, usable as a floor covering. The method ends at 32.
In Figure 3 reference numeral 50 refer to a tile. The tile (50) is manufactured in accordance with the method described in Figure 2. The tile (50) includes a cementitious base (52), shaped in the form of a slab, a chromium component residue layer (54) on at least one face of the cementitious base, and a sealant layer (not shown) over the chrome component residue layer.
In this example, the cementitious base (52) comprises of cement having a chromium component dispersed therein.
In another example, not shown in the Figures, there is provided a layered product in accordance with the invention. A first layered product consists of layers of bonding liquid, chrome concentrate or ferrochrome concentrate, fibre glass, and sealant. Another layered product consists of layers of chrome concentrate or ferrochrome concentrate, bonding liquid, fibre glass, resin, chrome concentrate or ferrochrome concentrate. The two layered products mentioned are merely examples, and the layered product may include multiple layers, in any order, of any of the chromium components, adhesive components and/or strengthening components listed, and not limited to the number of layers, or the surface to which the layered product may be applied.
In a further specific example, the layered product as mentioned, is applied on the surface of a PVC pipe, on any one or both of the outer and inner pipe surface. This produces a pipe which is more resistant to wear and tear.
The inventor believes that the invention provides a novel means in which a chromium component is admixed with other materials to provide for novel objects.

Claims

CLAIMS:
1 . A composition, which includes a chromium component; and an adhesive component, admixed with the chromium component, to form the composition.
2 The composition as claimed in claim 1 , in which the chromium component includes any one or more of the following: chrome, chrome concentrate, Chromite, Chromium(lll) oxide (C^Os), high or low carbon Ferro Chrome, Ferro Chrome (FeCr), CrFe2, a chrome by product and chromite sand.
3. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , in which the chromium component is granular with a particle size between 0.075mm and 4.75mm.
4. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , in which the adhesive component includes any one or more of the following: a stone sealer, a brick sealer, epoxy, glue, resin, a cementitious material, a sealer liquid, sealant, fibre additives, fibre glass, bonding liquid, solvent cement and PVC cement.
5. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , which includes a strengthening component.
6. The composition as claimed in claim 5, in which the strengthening component is in the form of any one or more of the following: fibre glass, fibre additives, fibres and glass.
7. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , which includes between 10 and 99 (w/w)% of the chromium component.
8. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , which includes between 1 and 30 (w/w)% of the adhesive component.
9. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , which includes a diluent.
10. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , which is in the form of any one or more of the following: a viscous liquid, a sprayable liquid and aqueous.
11. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , is in the form of a surface coating mixture, whereby the composition is capable of being applied to a surface, to form a layer on the surface.
12. The composition as claimed in claim 11 , in which the surface is in the form of a building element.
13. The composition as claimed in claim 11 , in which the surface includes any one of the following: a steel surface, a cement surface, a plastic surface, a glass surface, a fiberglass surface and a timber surface.
14. The composition as claimed in claim 11 , in which the surface is in the form of a PVC pipe, in which the surface coating mixture is used to cover any one or both of an internal surface or outer surface of the PVC pipe.
15. The composition as claimed in claim 11 , in which the surface comprises of any one of the following: a brick and concrete, onto which the surface coating mixture is sprayable.
16. The composition as claimed in claim 11 , in which the layer formed on the surface is impermeable and waterproof.
17. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , which composition is in the form of an embedding composition.
18. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , which composition is in the form of a moulding mixture, capable of being moulded into an object.
19. The composition as claimed in claim 18, in which the moulding mixture is in the form of a casting mixture, for casting in a mould.
20. A method of covering a surface of an object, which includes the steps of: providing a base substrate; and applying a composition, as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 19, onto the base substrate.
21. The method as claimed in claim 20, in which the base substrate includes any one of the following: wood, brick, concrete, timber, plastic, metal, steel, glass, fibreglass and fibre.
22. The method as claimed in claim 20, in which the step of applying the composition includes any one of the following techniques: spraying, pouring, painting and brushing.
23. A method of making an object, which includes the steps of: providing a base substrate; applying a chromium component, as claimed in any of claims 20 to 22, into or onto the base substrate; and sealing the chromium component onto the base substrate, to provide the object.
24. The method as claimed in claim 23, in which the step of providing the base substrate is in the form of producing a base substrate.
25. The method as claimed as claim 24, in which the step of producing a base substrate includes steps of providing a mould for an object, and providing a composition to be moulded within the mould.
26. The method as claimed in claim 25, which includes a step of curing the composition within the mould.
27. The method as claimed in claim 26, which includes a step of oven-baking the composition within the mould.
28. The method as claimed in claim 25, in which the composition comprises of any one or more of the following: a cementitious material, a ceramic material, a porcelain material, fibre glass and polyethylene.
29. The method as claimed in claim 25, in which the composition is cured through air hardening.
30. The method as claimed in claim 27, in which the step of applying the chromium component onto the base substrate is an interim step during the step of curing or ovenbaking of the composition within the mould.
31. The method as claimed in claim 25, during which the step of applying the chromium component onto the base substrate, a portion of the chromium component is sink into the composition of the base substrate, resulting in a residue of the chrome component settling on top of the base substrate.
32. The method as claimed in claim 23, in which the step of sealing the chromium component onto the base substrate includes applying an adhesive component capable of adhering the chromium component residue to the base substrate.
33. The method as claimed in claim 32, in which the adhesive component is applied onto the chromium component by means of any one of the following techniques: sprayed, poured and brushed, thereby providing a coating to the object, such that a top surface of the object comprises of a waterproof layer.
34. The method as claimed in claim 32, in which the adhesive component is in the form of any one or more of the following: a stone sealer, a brick sealer, epoxy, glue and resin.
35. The method as claimed in claim 23, in which the object is in the form of a slab, which slab is in the form of a tile or paver, operable to be used as a floor or wall covering.
36 A tile, which includes a cementitious base, shaped in the form of a slab; a chromium component residue layer on at least one face of the cementitious base; and a sealant layer over the chromium component residue layer.
37. The tile as claimed in claim 36, in which the cementitious base comprises of cement having a chrome component dispersed therein.
38. A layered product, which includes layers of a chromium component layer; and an adhesive component layer.
39. The layered product as claimed in claim 38, which includes a strengthening component layer.
40. The layered product as claimed in claim 39, in which the strengthening component layer is in the form of any one or more of fibre glass and fibre additives.
41 . The layered product as claimed in claim 38, in which the chromium component layer includes any one or more of: chrome, chrome concentrate, Chromite, Chromium(lll) oxide (Cr20s), high or low carbon Ferro Chrome, Ferro Chrome (FeCr), CrFe2, a chrome by product and chromite sand.
42. The layered product as claimed in claim 38, in which the adhesive component layer includes any one or more of the following: a stone sealer, a brick sealer, epoxy, glue, resin, a cementitious material, a sealer liquid, sealant, fibre additives, fibre glass, bonding liquid, solvent cement and PVC cement.
43. The layered product as claimed in claim 39, which include multiple layers, in any order, of any of the chromium component layers, adhesive component layers and/or strengthening component layers, not limited to the number of layers.
44. A method of producing an embedded product, which includes the steps of: providing a base substrate; and embedding a composition as claimed in claim 1 in the base substrate.
45. The method as claimed in claim 44, in which the base substrate is porous or semi-porous.
46. A product, which includes a base substrate, and a chromium composition as claimed in claim 1 , embedded within the base substrate.
PCT/IB2023/053183 2022-03-30 2023-03-30 Compositions containing chromium WO2023187704A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA202203639 2022-03-30
ZA2022/03639 2022-03-30
ZA202208428 2022-07-28
ZA2022/08428 2022-07-28

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Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3787229A (en) * 1971-02-17 1974-01-22 Union Carbide Corp Low-friction, wear-resistant material
US20140231148A1 (en) * 2013-02-19 2014-08-21 Nanotech Industrial Solutions, Inc. Composite materials including inorganic fullerene-like particles and inorganic tubular-like particles in a polymer matrix
CN113774309A (en) * 2021-08-20 2021-12-10 航天材料及工艺研究所 Preparation method of composite powder, dynamic friction sealing coating and preparation method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3787229A (en) * 1971-02-17 1974-01-22 Union Carbide Corp Low-friction, wear-resistant material
US20140231148A1 (en) * 2013-02-19 2014-08-21 Nanotech Industrial Solutions, Inc. Composite materials including inorganic fullerene-like particles and inorganic tubular-like particles in a polymer matrix
CN113774309A (en) * 2021-08-20 2021-12-10 航天材料及工艺研究所 Preparation method of composite powder, dynamic friction sealing coating and preparation method

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