WO2023184565A1 - Injection mold and preparation method therefor - Google Patents

Injection mold and preparation method therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023184565A1
WO2023184565A1 PCT/CN2022/085984 CN2022085984W WO2023184565A1 WO 2023184565 A1 WO2023184565 A1 WO 2023184565A1 CN 2022085984 W CN2022085984 W CN 2022085984W WO 2023184565 A1 WO2023184565 A1 WO 2023184565A1
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Prior art keywords
mold
injection mold
block
layer
fixed
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PCT/CN2022/085984
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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杨灿
李尚�
阳宝桦
李春波
尹晓红
陈华
郑秀宏
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深圳技术大学
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Publication of WO2023184565A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023184565A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26—Moulds
    • B29C45/263—Moulds with mould wall parts provided with fine grooves or impressions, e.g. for record discs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
    • B29C33/3842—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26—Moulds
    • B29C45/2602—Mould construction elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of injection molding, and in particular to an injection mold and a preparation method thereof.
  • Injection molding technology has been widely used in various fields to manufacture precision plastic products due to its advantages of large batches and low cost.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an injection mold, aiming to solve the problem that the products injected by the existing additive manufacturing injection mold do not have super-hydrophobic properties.
  • An injection mold includes: a movable mold and a fixed mold, an injection mold cavity is formed between the fixed mold and the movable mold, wherein the surfaces of the movable mold and/or the fixed mold are provided with microstructures, and the microstructures are composed of several It is composed of a tower structure; the tower structure includes a base and a number of blocks fixed on the surface of the base. The blocks are arranged in a stack. Each layer of the blocks is provided with a surface facing the injection mold cavity. In the first groove, the side length of the block decreases layer by layer in the direction toward the injection mold cavity.
  • a second groove is provided between two adjacent tower structures.
  • the block is a square block, and the side length of the square block located at the outermost layer of the tower structure is 200-400 ⁇ m, and each layer of the square block has The decreasing range of side length is 400-1000 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the outermost square block is 40-200 ⁇ m.
  • the center distance between two adjacent tower structures is 200-1000 ⁇ m.
  • the first grooves are arranged parallel to the surface of the block.
  • the injection mold wherein the tower structure includes: a base, a first block fixed on the surface of the base and a second block fixed on the surface of the first block;
  • the side length of the base is greater than the side length of the first block, and the first groove is arranged parallel to the surface of the base.
  • the widths of the first groove and the second groove are respectively 20-40 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the base is the same as the thickness of the first block and the second block, or has a gradient decreasing in the direction toward the injection mold cavity.
  • a method for preparing the above-mentioned injection mold which includes:
  • each slice layer is printed sequentially to obtain the fixed mold and the movable mold;
  • the femtosecond laser is used to scan the surface of the tower structure to form a first groove on the surface of the tower structure.
  • the invention provides an injection mold, in which a microstructure is provided on the surface of the fixed mold and/or the movable mold.
  • the microstructure is composed of several tower structures, and the tower structure is a multi-stage tower structure. Structure, grooves are set on the surface of the tower structure, and microstructures are set on the surface of the mold, which can form micro-nano structures on the surface of the injection molded product, making the product have excellent hydrophobic properties.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the surface microstructure of an injection mold provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the groove arrangement on the surface of the tower structure provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the tower structure provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic flow chart of the injection mold preparation method provided by the present invention.
  • the present invention provides an injection mold and a preparation method thereof.
  • the present invention will be further described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
  • Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the surface microstructure of an injection mold provided by the present invention.
  • the injection mold includes a fixed mold and a movable mold.
  • the fixed mold and the movable mold are combined.
  • the mold forms an injection mold cavity, and a microstructure 11 is provided on the surface of the injection mold cavity (that is, the surface of the fixed mold and/or the movable mold).
  • Setting microstructures on the surface can make the surface of the injection molded product superhydrophobic.
  • the movable mold and the fixed mold are provided with injection gates and other auxiliary components (not shown).
  • the specific structures of the injection gate and other auxiliary components are common techniques in this field and will not be described in detail here.
  • the microstructure 11 is composed of several tower structures 12.
  • the number of tower structures can be set according to the specific mold size.
  • the microstructure 11 can be installed in the fixed mold and the movable mold. are provided separately or simultaneously on the fixed mold and the movable mold.
  • the shapes of the two microstructures 11 are the same.
  • Microstructures 11 with the same structure are provided on the movable mold and the fixed mold, so that all the microstructures 11 can be made
  • the surface of the injection molded product has the same hydrophobic properties. It is easy to understand that the shape of the microstructure 11 on the surface of the fixed mold or the movable mold can be adjusted according to actual product needs to prepare surfaces with different hydrophobic properties on the same product.
  • the tower structure 12 is composed of a plurality of stacked blocks 120 with gradient side lengths.
  • the block 120 is a square block (such as a rectangular parallelepiped or a cube).
  • the tower structure 12 is composed of three layers.
  • the square blocks 120 are stacked, that is, the tower structure is a three-level tower structure.
  • the base 121 is located at the bottom.
  • the first square block 122 and the third square block 122 are stacked in sequence.
  • Two square blocks 123, the base 121, the first square block 122 and the second square block 123 have side length gradients that decrease gradually.
  • the side length of the second square block 123 may be 200 ⁇ m to 250 ⁇ m, 250 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m, 300 ⁇ m to 350 ⁇ m, or 350 ⁇ m to 400 ⁇ m.
  • the side length of the first square block 122 may be 600 ⁇ m to 650 ⁇ m, 650 ⁇ m to 700 ⁇ m, 700 ⁇ m to 750 ⁇ m, 750 ⁇ m to 800 ⁇ m; or 900 ⁇ m to 950 ⁇ m, 950 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m, 1000 ⁇ m to 1050 ⁇ m, 1050 ⁇ m to 1100 ⁇ m, or 1200 ⁇ m to 1250 ⁇ m, 1250 ⁇ m to 1300 ⁇ m, 1300 ⁇ m to 1350 ⁇ m, 1350 ⁇ m to 1400 ⁇ m.
  • the side length of the base 121 may be 1000 ⁇ m to 1050 ⁇ m, 1050 ⁇ m to 1100 ⁇ m, 1100 ⁇ m to 1150 ⁇ m, 1150 ⁇ m to 1200 ⁇ m; or 1600 ⁇ m to 1650 ⁇ m, 1650 ⁇ m to 1700 ⁇ m, 1700 ⁇ m to 1750 ⁇ m, 1750 ⁇ m to 180 ⁇ m. 0 ⁇ m, or 2200 ⁇ m to 2250 ⁇ m , 2250 ⁇ m to 2300 ⁇ m, 2300 ⁇ m to 2350 ⁇ m, 2350 ⁇ m to 2400 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the square blocks constituting the tower structure may be the same, that is, the thickness of each layer of square blocks may be the same, or may increase or decrease layer by layer from the outer layer to the inner layer.
  • the thickness of each layer increases or decreases in an arithmetic sequence or a geometric sequence.
  • the tower structure is a three-stage tower structure, and the thickness of the square block at the top of the tower (third stage) is 40 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, 50 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m, 80 ⁇ m to 120 ⁇ m, 120 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m, 150 ⁇ m to 170 ⁇ m, 170 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m; the thickness of the square block of the middle layer (second level) is 50 ⁇ m to 60 ⁇ m, 60 ⁇ m to 90 ⁇ m, 90 ⁇ m to 130 ⁇ m, 130 ⁇ m to 160 ⁇ m, 160 ⁇ m to 180 ⁇ m, 180 ⁇ m to 210 ⁇ m; or 80 ⁇ m to 90 ⁇ m, 90 ⁇ m to 120 ⁇ m , 120 ⁇ m to 160 ⁇ m, 160 ⁇ m to 190 ⁇ m, 190 ⁇ m to 210 ⁇ m, 210 ⁇ m to 250 ⁇ m; the thickness of the bottom (first level) square block is 60 ⁇ m to 70 ⁇ m, 70 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, 100 ⁇ m to 140 ⁇ m, 140 ⁇ m to 170 ⁇ m
  • the microstructure can have a multi-level structure, that is, it has micron-level, nano-level and macro-level structures at the same time to meet the needs of hydrophobic design.
  • a first groove 130 is provided on the surface of the tower structure, and the first groove 130 is provided in parallel on the surface of the tower structure, wherein the first groove 130 is provided on the surface of the tower structure.
  • the width of the trench may be 20 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, 30 ⁇ m to 40 ⁇ m.
  • the depth of the first groove may be 20 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, 30 ⁇ m to 40 ⁇ m, 40 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, 50 ⁇ m to 60 ⁇ m, 60 ⁇ m to 70 ⁇ m, 70 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m, 80 ⁇ m to 90 ⁇ m, or 90 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the tower structure is a three-stage tower structure, with first grooves 130 provided on the surface facing the injection mold cavity, and the first grooves 130 on each layer are arranged in parallel. Arranging the first grooves parallel to the surface of the tower structure can make the surface of the injection molded product have a uniform groove arrangement during injection molding, so as to obtain a product surface with relatively uniform hydrophobicity.
  • a second groove 140 is provided between two adjacent tower structures, wherein the width of the second groove may be 20 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, 30 ⁇ m to 40 ⁇ m.
  • the depth of the second groove may be 20 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, 30 ⁇ m to 40 ⁇ m, 40 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, 50 ⁇ m to 60 ⁇ m, 60 ⁇ m to 70 ⁇ m, 70 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m, 80 ⁇ m to 90 ⁇ m, or 90 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the two second grooves intersect, the two second grooves are arranged perpendicularly to each other.
  • the spacing between two adjacent tower structures is 200 ⁇ m to 250 ⁇ m, 250 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m, 300 ⁇ m to 350 ⁇ m, 350 ⁇ m to 400 ⁇ m, 400 ⁇ m to 450 ⁇ m, 450 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, 500 ⁇ m to 550 ⁇ m, 550 ⁇ m to 600 ⁇ m, 600 ⁇ m to 650 ⁇ m, 650 ⁇ m to 700 ⁇ m, 700 ⁇ m to 750 ⁇ m, 750 ⁇ m to 800 ⁇ m, 800 ⁇ m to 850 ⁇ m, 850 ⁇ m to 900 ⁇ m, 900 ⁇ m to 950 ⁇ m, 950 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m. It is easy to understand that by adjusting the distance between two adjacent tower structures according to actual design needs, the shape of the microstructure can be adjusted to meet different design needs.
  • a microstructure is composed of a multi-level tower structure, grooves are provided on the surface of the tower structure and between the tower structures, and the width of the groove and the side length of the square block are controlled,
  • the mold has its own nano-, micron- and macro-level multi-level structured surfaces, which in turn makes the products injection molded using the mold have super-hydrophobic properties.
  • the present invention also provides a method for preparing an injection mold, which method includes the following steps:
  • CAD three-dimensional model of the injection mold that needs to be 3D printed
  • STL stereolithography, abbreviation for stereolithography
  • step S20 is included. According to the shape and size parameters of each slice layer, each slice layer is sequentially printed to obtain the fixed mold and the movable mold.
  • the obtained shape and size parameters of the slice layer are input into the additive manufacturing equipment.
  • Mold steel powder with a particle size of 15-53 ⁇ m is selected as the original material for additive manufacturing.
  • the preset additive manufacturing process parameters in the additive manufacturing equipment such as laser power 200W, layer thickness 40 ⁇ m, scanning rate 800mm/s, scanning The parameters are set at a distance of 60 ⁇ m), and then the injection mold with its own macro-microstructure surface is integrally molded.
  • Step S30 is included after the step S20 to obtain the characteristic size parameters of the tower structure on the surface of the fixed mold and/or the movable mold, and adjust the femtosecond laser processing process parameters according to the characteristic size parameters.
  • the surface of the injection mold is observed using a laser confocal microscope to obtain the characteristic size parameters of the surface microstructure (such as height, width, tower structure spacing, etc.).
  • Preset and optimize femtosecond laser processing process parameters such as laser power of 10W, scanning rate of 100mm/s, scanning spacing adjustment range of 0.04-0.08mm, and scanning number adjustment range of 1-25 times).
  • step S30 there is also a step S40 of using the femtosecond laser to scan the surface of the tower structure to form a first groove on the surface of the tower structure.
  • femtosecond laser scanning is performed on the macro-microstructure surface of the mold. Based on the extremely high instantaneous power and extremely short pulse width of the femtosecond laser, the superficial layer of the mold is vaporized and removed while minimizing the generation of heat-affected zones. material, while removing some surface defects and forming a micron-level groove structure;
  • the femtosecond laser can couple with surface plasmons to form a periodic light field distribution, thereby inducing nano/sub-micron structures with sizes up to hundreds of nanometers, thereby imparting nano/micron-scale structures to the mold surface.
  • a mold surface microstructure in which nano-micro-macro scales coexist is formed.
  • a laser confocal microscope was used to measure and characterize the mold surface after femtosecond laser treatment, obtain the surface roughness value, and evaluate the dimensional changes of the microstructure.
  • Assemble the prepared movable mold and fixed mold (both with microstructure on the surface) in a precision injection molding machine add polymer raw materials (including but not limited to polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, poly Carbonate, polyvinylidene fluoride, cyclic olefin copolymer or polyurethane and other materials) are injection molded to obtain plastic products with multi-layered microstructures on the surface; use a contact angle tester to measure the contact angle on the surface to verify whether the required ultra-high The hydrophobic function (contact angle >150°) has been verified to meet the design requirements.
  • polymer raw materials including but not limited to polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, poly Carbonate, polyvinylidene fluoride, cyclic olefin copolymer or polyurethane and other materials
  • the present invention provides an injection mold and a preparation method thereof, which includes: a movable mold and a fixed mold, an injection mold cavity is formed between the fixed mold and the movable mold, and micro-molding is provided on the surface of the movable mold and/or the fixed mold.
  • the microstructure is composed of several tower structures
  • the tower structure is a multi-stage tower structure
  • grooves are provided on the surface of the multi-stage tower structure
  • each stage tower structure is composed of square blocks
  • the side length and height of the square block of each level of tower structure change in a gradient
  • a groove is set between two adjacent tower structures.
  • the preparation method of the injection mold provided by the present invention includes: performing three-dimensional modeling on the injection mold and layering the built three-dimensional model to obtain slice layers; according to each slice The shape and size parameters of the layer are printed sequentially on each slice layer to obtain the fixed mold and the movable mold; and the characteristic size parameters of the tower structure on the surface of the fixed mold and/or the movable mold are obtained. , adjusting the femtosecond laser processing process parameters according to the characteristic size parameters; using the femtosecond laser to scan the surface of the tower structure, and forming grooves on the surface of the tower structure.
  • the shallow surface layer of the mold material is vaporized and removed without generating a heat-affected zone as much as possible, and some surface defects are removed while forming a micron-level trench structure;
  • the second laser itself can couple with surface plasmons to form a periodic light field distribution, thereby inducing nano/sub-micron structures with sizes up to hundreds of nanometers, and then imparting nano/micron-scale structures to the mold surface.

Abstract

An injection mold and a preparation method therefor. The mold comprises a movable mold and a fixed mold. An injection molding cavity is formed between the fixed mold and the movable mold, a microstructure (11) is provided on the surface of the movable mold and/or the fixed mold, and the microstructure (11) is composed of a plurality of tower structures (12). Each tower structure (12) comprises a base (121) and a plurality of blocks (122, 123) fixed on the surface of the base (121). The plurality of blocks (122, 123) are stacked, a first groove (130) is formed on the surface of each layer of blocks (122, 123) facing the injection molding cavity, and the side length of the blocks (122, 123) gradually decreases layer by layer in the direction towards the injection molding cavity. By controlling the sizes of the tower structures (12) and the distribution of the tower structures (12) on the surface of the mold, the surface of the mold has a micro-structure with a nano-micro-macro coexistence scale. According to the mold, a micro-nano structure can be formed on the surface of the injection molded product, such that the product has excellent hydrophobic performance. Moreover, the problem that when an additive manufacturing mold is manufactured, multi-level micro-nano structure manufacturing on the surface of the injection mold cannot be met is solved.

Description

一种注塑模具及其制备方法Injection mold and preparation method thereof 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及注塑技术领域，尤其涉及一种注塑模具及其制备方法。The present invention relates to the technical field of injection molding, and in particular to an injection mold and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
注塑成型技术因其具备大批量、低成本的优势，已广泛用于各领域中制造精密塑料制品。Injection molding technology has been widely used in various fields to manufacture precision plastic products due to its advantages of large batches and low cost.
目前，采用增材制造方法来制作注塑模具或模具组件，具有组件质密，成型性能良好，可个性化定制等优势，提高了产品设计自由度。然而，受限于该方法的精度，不能在模具的表面加工出微结构，从而使得采用该模具所注塑出来的产品不具有超疏水性。Currently, additive manufacturing methods are used to make injection molds or mold components, which have the advantages of dense components, good molding performance, and can be personalized, which increases the freedom of product design. However, limited by the accuracy of this method, microstructures cannot be processed on the surface of the mold, so the products injected using this mold do not have superhydrophobicity.
因此，现有技术还有待于改进和发展。Therefore, the existing technology still needs to be improved and developed.
发明内容Contents of the invention
鉴于上述现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种注塑模具，旨在解决现有增材制造注塑模具所注塑的产品，不具有超疏水性能的问题。In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an injection mold, aiming to solve the problem that the products injected by the existing additive manufacturing injection mold do not have super-hydrophobic properties.
本发明的技术方案如下：The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
一种注塑模具，包括：动模和定模，定模和动模间构成注塑模腔，其中，所述动模和/或所述定模的表面设置有微结构，所述微结构由若干塔式结构组成；所述塔式结构包括基座，固定在所述基座表面的若干块体，所述若干块体层叠设置，每层所述块体朝向所述注塑模腔的表面设有第一沟槽，所述块体的边长沿朝向所述注塑模腔的方向逐层递减。An injection mold includes: a movable mold and a fixed mold, an injection mold cavity is formed between the fixed mold and the movable mold, wherein the surfaces of the movable mold and/or the fixed mold are provided with microstructures, and the microstructures are composed of several It is composed of a tower structure; the tower structure includes a base and a number of blocks fixed on the surface of the base. The blocks are arranged in a stack. Each layer of the blocks is provided with a surface facing the injection mold cavity. In the first groove, the side length of the block decreases layer by layer in the direction toward the injection mold cavity.
可选地，所述注塑模具，其中，相邻的两个所述塔式结构之间设置有第二沟槽。Optionally, in the injection mold, a second groove is provided between two adjacent tower structures.
可选地，所述注塑模具，其中，所述块体为方形块体，位于所述塔式结构最外层的所述方形块体的边长为200-400μm，每层所述方形块体的边长递减幅度为400-1000μm。Optionally, in the injection mold, the block is a square block, and the side length of the square block located at the outermost layer of the tower structure is 200-400 μm, and each layer of the square block has The decreasing range of side length is 400-1000μm.
可选地，所述注塑模具，其中，所述最外层的所述方形块体的厚度为40-200μm。Optionally, in the injection mold, the thickness of the outermost square block is 40-200 μm.
可选地，所述注塑模具，其中，相邻的两个所述塔式结构之间的中心距离为200-1000μm。Optionally, in the injection mold, the center distance between two adjacent tower structures is 200-1000 μm.
可选地，所述注塑模具，其中，所述第一沟槽平行设置在所述块体的表面。Optionally, in the injection mold, the first grooves are arranged parallel to the surface of the block.
可选地，所述注塑模具，其中，所述塔式结构包括：基座，固定在所述基座表面的第一块体以及固定在所述第一块体表面的第二块体；所述基座的边长大于所述第一块体的边长，所述基座的表面平行设置有所述第一沟槽。Optionally, the injection mold, wherein the tower structure includes: a base, a first block fixed on the surface of the base and a second block fixed on the surface of the first block; The side length of the base is greater than the side length of the first block, and the first groove is arranged parallel to the surface of the base.
可选地，所述注塑模具，其中，所述第一沟槽和所述第二沟槽的宽度分别为20-40μm。Optionally, in the injection mold, the widths of the first groove and the second groove are respectively 20-40 μm.
可选地，所述注塑模具，其中，所述基座的厚度与所述第一块体、第二块体的厚度相同，或沿朝向所述注塑模腔的方向上梯度递减。Optionally, in the injection mold, the thickness of the base is the same as the thickness of the first block and the second block, or has a gradient decreasing in the direction toward the injection mold cavity.
一种上述所述注塑模具的制备方法，其中，包括：A method for preparing the above-mentioned injection mold, which includes:
对所述注塑模具进行三维建模并对建好的三维模型进行分层处理，得到切片层；Perform three-dimensional modeling on the injection mold and perform hierarchical processing on the built three-dimensional model to obtain slice layers;
根据每一所述切片层的形状尺寸参数，分别对每一所述切片层依次进行打印，得到所述定模和所述动模；According to the shape and size parameters of each slice layer, each slice layer is printed sequentially to obtain the fixed mold and the movable mold;
获取所述定模和/或所述动模表面的塔式结构的特征尺寸参数，根据所述特征尺寸参数调节飞秒激光加工工艺参数；Obtain the characteristic size parameters of the tower structure on the surface of the fixed mold and/or the movable mold, and adjust the femtosecond laser processing process parameters according to the characteristic size parameters;
采用所述飞秒激光对所述塔式结构的表面进行扫描，在所述塔式结构的表面形成第一沟槽。The femtosecond laser is used to scan the surface of the tower structure to form a first groove on the surface of the tower structure.
有益效果，本发明提供的一种注塑模具，该模具的定模和/或动模的表面设置有微结构，所述微结构由若干塔式结构组成，所述塔式结构为多级塔式结构，在塔式结构的表面设置沟槽，由于在模具的表面设置了微结构，从而可以在所注塑出来的产品的表面形成微纳结构，使得产品具有优异的疏水性能。Beneficial effects: The invention provides an injection mold, in which a microstructure is provided on the surface of the fixed mold and/or the movable mold. The microstructure is composed of several tower structures, and the tower structure is a multi-stage tower structure. Structure, grooves are set on the surface of the tower structure, and microstructures are set on the surface of the mold, which can form micro-nano structures on the surface of the injection molded product, making the product have excellent hydrophobic properties.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明提供的一种注塑模具表面微结构的结构示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the surface microstructure of an injection mold provided by the present invention;
图2为本发明提供的塔式结构表面沟槽排布示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the groove arrangement on the surface of the tower structure provided by the present invention;
图3为本发明提供的塔式结构示意图；Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the tower structure provided by the present invention;
图4为本发明提供的注塑模具制备方法流程示意图。Figure 4 is a schematic flow chart of the injection mold preparation method provided by the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明提供一种注塑模具及其制备方法，为使本发明的目的、技术方案及效果更加清楚、明确，以下对本发明进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。The present invention provides an injection mold and a preparation method thereof. In order to make the purpose, technical solution and effect of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
本技术领域技术人员可以理解，除非另外定义，这里使用的所有术语(包括技术术语和科学术语)，具有与本发明所属领域中的普通技术人员的一般理解相同的意义。还应该理解的是，诸如通用字典中定义的那些术语，应该被理解为具有与现有技术的上下文中的意义一致的意义，并且除非像这里一样被特定定义，否则不会用理想化或过于正式的含义来解释。It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms, such as those defined in general dictionaries, are to be understood to have meanings consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art, and are not to be used in an idealistic or overly descriptive manner unless specifically defined as here. to explain the formal meaning.
请参考图1至图3，图1是本发明提供的一种注塑模具的表面微结构的结构示意图，所述注塑模具包括一个定模和一个动模，所述定模和所述动模合模构成注塑模腔，在所述注塑模腔的表面(也即是所述定模和/或所述动模的表面)设置有微结构11，通过在所述定模和/或动模的表面设置微结构可以使所注塑出来的产品表面具有超疏水性。需要说明的是，所述动模和所述定模上设置有注塑浇口以及其他辅助部件(未示出)。注塑浇口及其他辅助部件的具体结构为本领域的常用技术，在此不做赘述。Please refer to Figures 1 to 3. Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the surface microstructure of an injection mold provided by the present invention. The injection mold includes a fixed mold and a movable mold. The fixed mold and the movable mold are combined. The mold forms an injection mold cavity, and a microstructure 11 is provided on the surface of the injection mold cavity (that is, the surface of the fixed mold and/or the movable mold). Setting microstructures on the surface can make the surface of the injection molded product superhydrophobic. It should be noted that the movable mold and the fixed mold are provided with injection gates and other auxiliary components (not shown). The specific structures of the injection gate and other auxiliary components are common techniques in this field and will not be described in detail here.
结合图2、图3，具体来说，所述微结构11由若干个塔式结构12所组成，塔式结构的数量可以根据具体的模具尺寸进行设置，微结构11可以在定模和动模上单独设置或同时设置，当定模和动模的表面均设置有微结构11时，两个微结构11的形状相同，在动模和定模上设置结构相同的微结构11，可以使所注塑出的产品的表面具有相同的疏水性能。容易理解的是，可以根据实际的产品需要，调整定模或动模表面的微结构11的形状，在同一个产品上制备出疏水性能不同的表面。2 and 3, specifically, the microstructure 11 is composed of several tower structures 12. The number of tower structures can be set according to the specific mold size. The microstructure 11 can be installed in the fixed mold and the movable mold. are provided separately or simultaneously on the fixed mold and the movable mold. When the microstructures 11 are provided on the surfaces of the fixed mold and the movable mold, the shapes of the two microstructures 11 are the same. Microstructures 11 with the same structure are provided on the movable mold and the fixed mold, so that all the microstructures 11 can be made The surface of the injection molded product has the same hydrophobic properties. It is easy to understand that the shape of the microstructure 11 on the surface of the fixed mold or the movable mold can be adjusted according to actual product needs to prepare surfaces with different hydrophobic properties on the same product.
所述塔式结构12由多个边长呈梯度变化的块体120层叠而成，示例性地，所述块体120为方形块体(如长方体、正方体)，所述塔式结构由三层方形块体120层叠而成，即所述塔式结构为三级塔式结构，位于最底层的为基座121，在所述基座121的表面依次叠设第一方形块体122、第二方形块体123，所述基座121、所述第一方形块体122以及所述第二方形块体123的边长梯度递减。其中，所述第二方形块体123的边长可以为200μm至250μm，250μm至300μm，300μm至350μm，350μm至400μm。The tower structure 12 is composed of a plurality of stacked blocks 120 with gradient side lengths. For example, the block 120 is a square block (such as a rectangular parallelepiped or a cube). The tower structure 12 is composed of three layers. The square blocks 120 are stacked, that is, the tower structure is a three-level tower structure. The base 121 is located at the bottom. On the surface of the base 121, the first square block 122 and the third square block 122 are stacked in sequence. Two square blocks 123, the base 121, the first square block 122 and the second square block 123 have side length gradients that decrease gradually. The side length of the second square block 123 may be 200 μm to 250 μm, 250 μm to 300 μm, 300 μm to 350 μm, or 350 μm to 400 μm.
所述第一方形块体122的边长可以为600μm至650μm，650μm至700μm，700μm至750μm，750μm至800μm；或者为900μm至950μm，950μm至1000μm，1000μm至 1050μm，1050μm至1100μm，又或者为1200μm至1250μm，1250μm至1300μm，1300μm至1350μm，1350μm至1400μm。The side length of the first square block 122 may be 600 μm to 650 μm, 650 μm to 700 μm, 700 μm to 750 μm, 750 μm to 800 μm; or 900 μm to 950 μm, 950 μm to 1000 μm, 1000 μm to 1050 μm, 1050 μm to 1100 μm, or 1200μm to 1250μm, 1250μm to 1300μm, 1300μm to 1350μm, 1350μm to 1400μm.
所述基座121的边长可以为1000μm至1050μm，1050μm至1100μm，1100μm至1150μm，1150μm至1200μm；或者为1600μm至1650μm，1650μm至1700μm，1700μm至1750μm，1750μm至1800μm，又或者为2200μm至2250μm，2250μm至2300μm，2300μm至2350μm，2350μm至2400μm。The side length of the base 121 may be 1000 μm to 1050 μm, 1050 μm to 1100 μm, 1100 μm to 1150 μm, 1150 μm to 1200 μm; or 1600 μm to 1650 μm, 1650 μm to 1700 μm, 1700 μm to 1750 μm, 1750 μm to 180 μm. 0μm, or 2200μm to 2250μm , 2250μm to 2300μm, 2300μm to 2350μm, 2350μm to 2400μm.
在本实施例中，构成所述塔式结构的方形块体的厚度可以相同，即每层方形块体的厚度均相同，也可以是从外层到内层逐层递增或递减，示例性地，每层的厚度呈等差数列或等比数列递增或递减。In this embodiment, the thickness of the square blocks constituting the tower structure may be the same, that is, the thickness of each layer of square blocks may be the same, or may increase or decrease layer by layer from the outer layer to the inner layer. For example, , the thickness of each layer increases or decreases in an arithmetic sequence or a geometric sequence.
示例性地，所述塔式结构为三级塔式结构，塔顶(第三级)的方形块体的厚度为40μm至50μm，50μm至80μm，80μm至120μm，120μm至150μm，150μm至170μm，170μm至200μm；中层(第二级)的方形块体的厚度为50μm至60μm，60μm至90μm，90μm至130μm，130μm至160μm，160μm至180μm，180μm至210μm；或者为80μm至90μm，90μm至120μm，120μm至160μm，160μm至190μm，190μm至210μm，210μm至250μm；底层(第一级)方形块体的厚度为60μm至70μm，70μm至100μm，100μm至140μm，140μm至170μm，170μm至190μm，190μm至220μm；或者为120μm至130μm，130μm至160μm，160μm至200μm，200μm至240μm，240μm至250μm，250μm至290μm。Exemplarily, the tower structure is a three-stage tower structure, and the thickness of the square block at the top of the tower (third stage) is 40 μm to 50 μm, 50 μm to 80 μm, 80 μm to 120 μm, 120 μm to 150 μm, 150 μm to 170 μm, 170μm to 200μm; the thickness of the square block of the middle layer (second level) is 50μm to 60μm, 60μm to 90μm, 90μm to 130μm, 130μm to 160μm, 160μm to 180μm, 180μm to 210μm; or 80μm to 90μm, 90μm to 120μm , 120μm to 160μm, 160μm to 190μm, 190μm to 210μm, 210μm to 250μm; the thickness of the bottom (first level) square block is 60μm to 70μm, 70μm to 100μm, 100μm to 140μm, 140μm to 170μm, 170μm to 190μm, 190μm m to 220μm; or 120μm to 130μm, 130μm to 160μm, 160μm to 200μm, 200μm to 240μm, 240μm to 250μm, 250μm to 290μm.
通过调节塔式结构的不同层级的尺寸可以使微结构具有多层级的结构，即同时具有微米级、纳米级以及宏观的结构，满足疏水设计需求。By adjusting the size of different levels of the tower structure, the microstructure can have a multi-level structure, that is, it has micron-level, nano-level and macro-level structures at the same time to meet the needs of hydrophobic design.
在本实施例的一种实现方式中，在所述塔式结构的表面设置有第一沟槽130，且所述第一沟槽130平行设置在所述塔式结构的表面，其中，第一沟槽的宽度可以为20μm至30μm，30μm至40μm。所述第一沟槽的深度可以为20μm至30μm，30μm至40μm，40μm至50μm，50μm至60μm，60μm至70μm，70μm至80μm，80μm至90μm，90μm至100μm。示例性地，如图3所示，所述塔式结构为三级塔式结构，朝向注塑模腔的表面设有第一沟槽130，每层上的第一沟槽130均平行设置，通过将第一沟槽平行设置在所述塔式结构的表面可以在注塑时，使所得到的注塑产品的表面具有均匀的沟槽排布，以获得疏水性较为均匀的产品表面。In one implementation of this embodiment, a first groove 130 is provided on the surface of the tower structure, and the first groove 130 is provided in parallel on the surface of the tower structure, wherein the first groove 130 is provided on the surface of the tower structure. The width of the trench may be 20 μm to 30 μm, 30 μm to 40 μm. The depth of the first groove may be 20 μm to 30 μm, 30 μm to 40 μm, 40 μm to 50 μm, 50 μm to 60 μm, 60 μm to 70 μm, 70 μm to 80 μm, 80 μm to 90 μm, or 90 μm to 100 μm. Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 3, the tower structure is a three-stage tower structure, with first grooves 130 provided on the surface facing the injection mold cavity, and the first grooves 130 on each layer are arranged in parallel. Arranging the first grooves parallel to the surface of the tower structure can make the surface of the injection molded product have a uniform groove arrangement during injection molding, so as to obtain a product surface with relatively uniform hydrophobicity.
在本实施例中，相邻的两个所述塔式结构之间设置有第二沟槽140，其中，所述第 二沟槽的宽度可以为20μm至30μm，30μm至40μm。所述第二沟槽的深度可以为20μm至30μm，30μm至40μm，40μm至50μm，50μm至60μm，60μm至70μm，70μm至80μm，80μm至90μm，90μm至100μm。当两条第二沟槽相交时，两条第二沟槽相互垂直设置。即可以理解为，在所述定模或所述动模的内表面上设置若干条垂直相交的第二沟槽，第二沟槽将所述定模和/或所述动模的表面分割成若干个方形的小区域，所述塔式结构设置在对应的小区域内。相邻的两个塔式结构之间的间距为200μm至250μm，250μm至300μm，300μm至350μm，350μm至400μm，400μm至450μm，450μm至500μm，500μm至550μm，550μm至600μm，600μm至650μm，650μm至700μm，700μm至750μm，750μm至800μm，800μm至850μm，850μm至900μm，900μm至950μm，950μm至1000μm。容易理解的是，通过实际的设计需要，调节相邻的两个塔式结构之间的距离，可以调节微结构的形态，以满足不同的设计需求。In this embodiment, a second groove 140 is provided between two adjacent tower structures, wherein the width of the second groove may be 20 μm to 30 μm, 30 μm to 40 μm. The depth of the second groove may be 20 μm to 30 μm, 30 μm to 40 μm, 40 μm to 50 μm, 50 μm to 60 μm, 60 μm to 70 μm, 70 μm to 80 μm, 80 μm to 90 μm, or 90 μm to 100 μm. When the two second grooves intersect, the two second grooves are arranged perpendicularly to each other. That is to say, it can be understood that several vertically intersecting second grooves are provided on the inner surface of the fixed mold or the movable mold, and the second grooves divide the surface of the fixed mold and/or the movable mold into There are several square small areas, and the tower structure is arranged in the corresponding small area. The spacing between two adjacent tower structures is 200μm to 250μm, 250μm to 300μm, 300μm to 350μm, 350μm to 400μm, 400μm to 450μm, 450μm to 500μm, 500μm to 550μm, 550μm to 600μm, 600μm to 650μm, 650 μm to 700μm, 700μm to 750μm, 750μm to 800μm, 800μm to 850μm, 850μm to 900μm, 900μm to 950μm, 950μm to 1000μm. It is easy to understand that by adjusting the distance between two adjacent tower structures according to actual design needs, the shape of the microstructure can be adjusted to meet different design needs.
在本实施例中，通过采用具有多层级的塔式结构组成微结构，并且在塔式结构的表面以及塔式结构之间设置沟槽，并控制沟槽的宽度和方形块体的边长，使得模具自带纳米级、微米级及宏观的多层级结构表面，进而使得采用该模具注塑出来的产品具有超疏水性能。In this embodiment, a microstructure is composed of a multi-level tower structure, grooves are provided on the surface of the tower structure and between the tower structures, and the width of the groove and the side length of the square block are controlled, The mold has its own nano-, micron- and macro-level multi-level structured surfaces, which in turn makes the products injection molded using the mold have super-hydrophobic properties.
结合图4所示，基于相同的发明构思，本发明还提供一种注塑模具的制备方法，所述方法包括如下步骤：As shown in FIG. 4 , based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a method for preparing an injection mold, which method includes the following steps:
S10、对所述注塑模具进行三维建模并对建好的三维模型进行分层处理，得到切片层。S10. Perform three-dimensional modeling on the injection mold and perform layering processing on the built three-dimensional model to obtain slice layers.
具体来说，先对需要3D打印的注塑模具构建其CAD三维模型，并将CAD三维模型转换成STL(stereolithography，光固化立体造型术的缩写)格式文件，接着对建模后的注塑模具做切片处理，得到切片层。Specifically, first build a CAD three-dimensional model of the injection mold that needs to be 3D printed, convert the CAD three-dimensional model into an STL (stereolithography, abbreviation for stereolithography) format file, and then slice the modeled injection mold. Process to obtain slice layers.
在所述步骤S10之后包括步骤S20、根据每一所述切片层的形状尺寸参数，分别对每一所述切片层依次进行打印，得到所述定模和所述动模。After step S10, step S20 is included. According to the shape and size parameters of each slice layer, each slice layer is sequentially printed to obtain the fixed mold and the movable mold.
具体来说，将所得到的切片层的形状尺寸参数输入到增材制造设备中。选用粒径为15-53μm的模具钢粉末作为增材制造的原始材料，根据增材制造设备中预设的增材制造工艺参数(如激光功率200W、层厚40μm、扫描速率800mm/s、扫描间距60μm)进行参数设定，之后对自带宏微观结构表面的注塑模具进行一体成型。Specifically, the obtained shape and size parameters of the slice layer are input into the additive manufacturing equipment. Mold steel powder with a particle size of 15-53 μm is selected as the original material for additive manufacturing. According to the preset additive manufacturing process parameters in the additive manufacturing equipment (such as laser power 200W, layer thickness 40μm, scanning rate 800mm/s, scanning The parameters are set at a distance of 60 μm), and then the injection mold with its own macro-microstructure surface is integrally molded.
在所述步骤S20之后包括步骤S30、获取所述定模和/或所述动模表面的塔式结构的特征尺寸参数，根据所述特征尺寸参数调节飞秒激光加工工艺参数。Step S30 is included after the step S20 to obtain the characteristic size parameters of the tower structure on the surface of the fixed mold and/or the movable mold, and adjust the femtosecond laser processing process parameters according to the characteristic size parameters.
具体来说，通过激光共聚焦显微镜来观测注塑模具的表面，获取表面微结构的特征尺寸参数(如高度、宽度、塔式结构间距等)。预设并优化飞秒激光加工工艺参数(如激光功率为10W、扫描速率为100mm/s、扫描间距调节范围为0.04-0.08mm，扫描次数调节范围为1-25次)。Specifically, the surface of the injection mold is observed using a laser confocal microscope to obtain the characteristic size parameters of the surface microstructure (such as height, width, tower structure spacing, etc.). Preset and optimize femtosecond laser processing process parameters (such as laser power of 10W, scanning rate of 100mm/s, scanning spacing adjustment range of 0.04-0.08mm, and scanning number adjustment range of 1-25 times).
在所述步骤S30之后还包括步骤S40、采用所述飞秒激光对所述塔式结构的表面进行扫描，在所述塔式结构的表面形成第一沟槽。After the step S30, there is also a step S40 of using the femtosecond laser to scan the surface of the tower structure to form a first groove on the surface of the tower structure.
具体来说，对模具宏微结构表面进行飞秒激光扫描，基于飞秒激光极高的瞬时功率和极短的脉冲宽度，在尽量不产生热影响区的情况之下，气化去除模具浅表层材料，去除部分表面缺陷的同时形成微米级沟槽结构；Specifically, femtosecond laser scanning is performed on the macro-microstructure surface of the mold. Based on the extremely high instantaneous power and extremely short pulse width of the femtosecond laser, the superficial layer of the mold is vaporized and removed while minimizing the generation of heat-affected zones. material, while removing some surface defects and forming a micron-level groove structure;
飞秒激光在扫描过程中，自身可与表面等离子激元耦合形成周期性的光场分布，进而诱导出尺寸可达百纳米的纳米/亚微米结构，进而将纳米/微米级结构赋予模具表面，最终形成纳-微-宏三种尺度共存的模具表面微结构。During the scanning process, the femtosecond laser can couple with surface plasmons to form a periodic light field distribution, thereby inducing nano/sub-micron structures with sizes up to hundreds of nanometers, thereby imparting nano/micron-scale structures to the mold surface. Finally, a mold surface microstructure in which nano-micro-macro scales coexist is formed.
进一步，利用激光共聚焦显微镜对飞秒激光处理后的模具表面进行测量表征，获取表面粗糙度值，评估微结构尺寸变化。Furthermore, a laser confocal microscope was used to measure and characterize the mold surface after femtosecond laser treatment, obtain the surface roughness value, and evaluate the dimensional changes of the microstructure.
将该制备好的动模和定模(表面均有微结构)装配于精密注塑机，加入高分子原料(包括但不限于聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚碳酸酯、聚偏氟乙烯、环烯烃共聚物或聚氨酯等材料)进行注塑，获得具有表面多层次微结构的塑料制品；利用接触角测试仪，测量表面的接触角，验证是否达到所需的超疏水功能(接触角＞150°)，通过验证达到设计要求。Assemble the prepared movable mold and fixed mold (both with microstructure on the surface) in a precision injection molding machine, add polymer raw materials (including but not limited to polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, poly Carbonate, polyvinylidene fluoride, cyclic olefin copolymer or polyurethane and other materials) are injection molded to obtain plastic products with multi-layered microstructures on the surface; use a contact angle tester to measure the contact angle on the surface to verify whether the required ultra-high The hydrophobic function (contact angle >150°) has been verified to meet the design requirements.
综上所述，本发明提供一种注塑模具及其制备方法，包括：动模和定模，定模和动模间构成注塑模腔，在所述动模和/或定模的表面设置微结构，所述微结构由若干个塔式结构组合而成，所述塔式结构为多级塔结构，在多级塔结构的表面设置有沟槽，每级塔结构由方形的块体构成，每级塔结构方形块体的边长以及高度呈梯度变化，在相邻的两个塔式结构之间设置沟槽。通过控制塔式结构的尺寸，塔式结构在模具表面的分布，使得模具表面具有纳-微-宏三种尺度共存的微结构。To sum up, the present invention provides an injection mold and a preparation method thereof, which includes: a movable mold and a fixed mold, an injection mold cavity is formed between the fixed mold and the movable mold, and micro-molding is provided on the surface of the movable mold and/or the fixed mold. Structure, the microstructure is composed of several tower structures, the tower structure is a multi-stage tower structure, grooves are provided on the surface of the multi-stage tower structure, and each stage tower structure is composed of square blocks, The side length and height of the square block of each level of tower structure change in a gradient, and a groove is set between two adjacent tower structures. By controlling the size of the tower structure and the distribution of the tower structure on the mold surface, the mold surface has a microstructure of three scales: nano-micro-macro.
基于相同的发明构思，本发明所提供的注塑模具的制备方法，包括：对所述注塑模 具进行三维建模并对建好的三维模型进行分层处理，得到切片层；根据每一所述切片层的形状尺寸参数，分别对每一所述切片层依次进行打印，得到所述定模和所述动模；获取所述定模和/或所述动模表面的塔式结构的特征尺寸参数，根据所述特征尺寸参数调节飞秒激光加工工艺参数；采用所述飞秒激光对所述塔式结构的表面进行扫描，在所述塔式结构的表面形成沟槽。基于飞秒激光极高的瞬时功率和极短的脉冲宽度，在尽量不产生热影响区的情况之下，气化去除模具浅表层材料，去除部分表面缺陷的同时形成微米级沟槽结构；飞秒激光在扫描过程中，自身可与表面等离子激元耦合形成周期性的光场分布，进而诱导出尺寸可达百纳米的纳米/亚微米结构，进而将纳米/微米级结构赋予模具表面，最终形成纳-微-宏三种尺度共存的模具表面微结构。Based on the same inventive concept, the preparation method of the injection mold provided by the present invention includes: performing three-dimensional modeling on the injection mold and layering the built three-dimensional model to obtain slice layers; according to each slice The shape and size parameters of the layer are printed sequentially on each slice layer to obtain the fixed mold and the movable mold; and the characteristic size parameters of the tower structure on the surface of the fixed mold and/or the movable mold are obtained. , adjusting the femtosecond laser processing process parameters according to the characteristic size parameters; using the femtosecond laser to scan the surface of the tower structure, and forming grooves on the surface of the tower structure. Based on the extremely high instantaneous power and extremely short pulse width of the femtosecond laser, the shallow surface layer of the mold material is vaporized and removed without generating a heat-affected zone as much as possible, and some surface defects are removed while forming a micron-level trench structure; During the scanning process, the second laser itself can couple with surface plasmons to form a periodic light field distribution, thereby inducing nano/sub-micron structures with sizes up to hundreds of nanometers, and then imparting nano/micron-scale structures to the mold surface. Finally, Forming a mold surface microstructure in which nano-micro-macro scales coexist.
应当理解的是，本发明的应用不限于上述的举例，对本领域普通技术人员来说，可以根据上述说明加以改进或变换，所有这些改进和变换都应属于本发明所附权利要求的保护范围。It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make improvements or changes based on the above descriptions. All these improvements and changes should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种注塑模具，包括：动模和定模，定模和动模间构成注塑模腔，其特征在于，所述动模和/或所述定模的表面设置有微结构，所述微结构由若干塔式结构组成；所述塔式结构包括基座，固定在所述基座表面的若干块体，所述若干块体层叠设置，每层所述块体朝向所述注塑模腔的表面设有第一沟槽，所述块体的边长沿朝向所述注塑模腔的方向逐层递减。An injection mold includes: a movable mold and a fixed mold. An injection mold cavity is formed between the fixed mold and the movable mold. It is characterized in that the surfaces of the movable mold and/or the fixed mold are provided with microstructures, and the microstructures It is composed of several tower structures; the tower structure includes a base, and several blocks fixed on the surface of the base. The blocks are arranged in a stack, and the blocks of each layer face the surface of the injection mold cavity. A first groove is provided, and the side length of the block gradually decreases layer by layer in the direction toward the injection mold cavity.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述注塑模具，其特征在于，相邻的两个所述塔式结构之间设置有第二沟槽。The injection mold according to claim 1, characterized in that a second groove is provided between two adjacent tower structures.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述注塑模具，其特征在于，所述块体为方形块体，位于所述塔式结构最外层的所述方形块体的边长为200-400μm，每层所述方形块体的边长递减幅度为400-1000μm。The injection mold according to claim 1, wherein the block is a square block, and the side length of the square block located at the outermost layer of the tower structure is 200-400 μm, and the square block in each layer is The decreasing amplitude of the side length of the block is 400-1000μm.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述注塑模具，其特征在于，所述最外层的所述方形块体的厚度为40-200μm。The injection mold according to claim 3, wherein the thickness of the outermost square block is 40-200 μm.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述注塑模具，其特征在于，相邻的两个所述塔式结构之间的中心距离为200-1000μm。The injection mold according to claim 1, characterized in that the center distance between two adjacent tower structures is 200-1000 μm.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述注塑模具，其特征在于，所述第一沟槽平行设置在所述块体的表面。The injection mold according to claim 1, wherein the first grooves are arranged parallel to the surface of the block.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述注塑模具，其特征在于，所述塔式结构包括：基座，固定在所述基座表面的第一块体以及固定在所述第一块体表面的第二块体；所述基座的边长大于所述第一块体的边长，所述基座的表面平行设置有所述第一沟槽。The injection mold according to claim 1, wherein the tower structure includes: a base, a first block fixed on the surface of the base, and a second block fixed on the surface of the first block. ; The side length of the base is greater than the side length of the first block, and the first groove is arranged parallel to the surface of the base.
  8. 根据权利要求2所述注塑模具，其特征在于，所述第一沟槽和所述第二沟槽的宽度分别为20-40μm。The injection mold according to claim 2, wherein the widths of the first groove and the second groove are 20-40 μm respectively.
  9. 根据权利要求7所述注塑模具，其特征在于，所述基座的厚度与所述第一块体、第二块体的厚度相同，或沿朝向所述注塑模腔的方向上逐层递减。The injection mold according to claim 7, wherein the thickness of the base is the same as the thickness of the first block and the second block, or decreases layer by layer in the direction toward the injection mold cavity.
  10. 一种权利要求1所述的注塑模具的制备方法，其特征在于，包括：A method for preparing an injection mold according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes:
    对所述注塑模具进行三维建模并对建好的三维模型进行分层处理，得到切片层；Perform three-dimensional modeling on the injection mold and perform hierarchical processing on the built three-dimensional model to obtain slice layers;
    根据每一所述切片层的形状尺寸参数，分别对每一所述切片层依次进行打印，得到所述定模和所述动模；According to the shape and size parameters of each slice layer, each slice layer is printed sequentially to obtain the fixed mold and the movable mold;
    获取所述定模和/或所述动模表面的塔式结构的特征尺寸参数，根据所述特征尺寸参 数调节飞秒激光加工工艺参数；Obtain the characteristic size parameters of the tower structure on the surface of the fixed mold and/or the movable mold, and adjust the femtosecond laser processing process parameters according to the characteristic size parameters;
    采用所述飞秒激光对所述塔式结构的表面进行扫描，在所述塔式结构的表面形成第一沟槽。The femtosecond laser is used to scan the surface of the tower structure to form a first groove on the surface of the tower structure.
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