WO2023181509A1 - アンモニアを使用するシステム - Google Patents

アンモニアを使用するシステム Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023181509A1
WO2023181509A1 PCT/JP2022/044555 JP2022044555W WO2023181509A1 WO 2023181509 A1 WO2023181509 A1 WO 2023181509A1 JP 2022044555 W JP2022044555 W JP 2022044555W WO 2023181509 A1 WO2023181509 A1 WO 2023181509A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ammonia
tank
liquid
gas
pressurizer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2022/044555
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
壮一郎 加藤
慎太朗 伊藤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IHI Corp
Original Assignee
IHI Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IHI Corp filed Critical IHI Corp
Priority to CN202280093482.2A priority Critical patent/CN118871716A/zh
Priority to JP2024509746A priority patent/JPWO2023181509A1/ja
Priority to AU2022449056A priority patent/AU2022449056B2/en
Priority to KR1020247031445A priority patent/KR20240154033A/ko
Publication of WO2023181509A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023181509A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K5/02—Liquid fuel
    • F23K5/14—Details thereof
    • F23K5/18—Cleaning or purging devices, e.g. filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • F23G7/08—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases using flares, e.g. in stacks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant

Definitions

  • Patent Document 1 discloses a power generation facility including a boiler that uses ammonia as fuel.
  • liquid ammonia contained in a tank is pressurized by a pump.
  • the pressurized liquid ammonia is heated and vaporized in a vaporizer.
  • Gaseous ammonia is supplied to a boiler and combusted.
  • pressurized or heated ammonia remaining in the piping may be purged from the piping to prevent leaks.
  • returning pressurized or heated ammonia directly to the tank leads to increased pressure and temperature within the tank. Therefore, when purging ammonia, the ammonia needs to be depressurized.
  • ammonia is toxic, it cannot be released directly into the atmosphere.
  • purged ammonia may be disposed of by dissolving in water or being combusted in a flare stack. However, disposing of ammonia results in economic loss.
  • the present disclosure aims to provide a system that uses ammonia that can reduce waste ammonia.
  • a system includes a tank that stores liquid ammonia, a pressurizer that is in fluid communication with the tank and pressurizes the liquid ammonia or gaseous ammonia, and a pressure reducing valve that reduces the pressure of the ammonia pressurized by the pressurizer. , a gas-liquid separation tank that separates gaseous ammonia and liquid ammonia generated by depressurization, an ammonia disposal device that disposes the gaseous ammonia from the gas-liquid separation tank, and a return line that returns liquid ammonia from the gas-liquid separation tank to the tank. and.
  • the system may include a pump installed in the return line that sucks liquid ammonia from the gas-liquid separation tank and sends the liquid ammonia to the tank.
  • the system may include a heat exchanger that is provided between the pressurizer and the pressure reducing valve and cools the ammonia pressurized by the pressurizer with gaseous ammonia from the gas-liquid separation tank.
  • the ammonia sent from the pressurizer to the pressure reducing valve may be liquid ammonia.
  • the ammonia sent from the pressurizer to the pressure reducing valve may be gaseous ammonia.
  • the ammonia disposal device may include at least one of a water abatement tank or a flare stack.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a system according to a first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a system according to a second embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a system 100 according to the first embodiment.
  • the system 100 includes a tank 1, a pressurizer 2, a gas turbine 3, a gas-liquid separation tank 4, a water abatement tank 5, a flare stack 6, a pump 7, and a control device 90.
  • System 100 may further include other components. Additionally, system 100 may not include one or more of the components described above.
  • System 100 may use the ammonia stored in tank 1 for various purposes.
  • the system 100 uses ammonia as the fuel burned in the combustor 31 of the gas turbine 3.
  • system 100 may include a boiler that burns ammonia and a steam turbine powered by steam generated by the boiler.
  • system 100 may be a plant that manufactures products from ammonia.
  • System 100 can include, but is not limited to, a variety of equipment that uses ammonia.
  • Tank 1 stores ammonia. Specifically, tank 1 stores liquid ammonia. Tank 1 is connected to pressurizer 2 via piping P1. Liquid ammonia stored in tank 1 is supplied to pressurizer 2 via piping P1.
  • the pressurizer 2 pressurizes ammonia from the tank 1.
  • the pressurizer 2 supplies pressurized ammonia to the gas turbine 3.
  • ammonia is supplied to the gas turbine 3 in a liquid state.
  • the pressurizer 2 may be a pump.
  • the system 100 may include a vaporizer in the pipe P1 and the ammonia may be supplied to the gas turbine 3 in a gaseous state.
  • the pressurizer 2 may be a compressor, for example.
  • Piping P2 branches off from piping P1. Piping P2 is connected to tank 1. The pipe P2 can return the ammonia that has passed through the pressurizer 2 to the tank 1.
  • a valve V1 is provided in the pipe P2.
  • the valve V1 may be communicably connected to the control device 90 by wire or wirelessly, and may be controlled by the control device 90.
  • the control device 90 adjusts the pressure in the piping P1 and the piping P2 downstream of the pressurizer 2 by controlling the opening degree of the valve V1.
  • the pipe P1 is branched into a pipe P3 connected to the gas turbine 3 and a pipe P4 connected to the gas-liquid separation tank 4 on the downstream side of the branch point of the pipe P2.
  • the pipe P1 may be branched into a pipe P3 and a pipe P4 on the upstream side of the branch point of the pipe P2, and the pipe P2 may be branched from the pipe P3 or the pipe P4. good.
  • a valve V2 is provided in the pipe P3.
  • the valve V2 may be communicably connected to the control device 90 by wire or wirelessly, and may be controlled by the control device 90.
  • the control device 90 adjusts the amount of ammonia supplied to the gas turbine 3 by controlling the opening degree of the valve V2.
  • the gas turbine 3 includes a combustor 31 and a turbine 32.
  • the combustor 31 burns ammonia supplied from the tank 1. Exhaust gas generated in the combustor 31 is supplied to the turbine 32 and used for operations such as power generation.
  • a pressure reducing valve Vd is provided in the pipe P4.
  • the pressure reducing valve Vd may be communicably connected to the control device 90 by wire or wirelessly, and may be controlled by the control device 90.
  • the control device 90 may close the pressure reducing valve Vd when there is no need to dispose of ammonia, and when it is necessary to dispose of ammonia, for example, the control device 90 may stop the system 100 and purge ammonia from the pipe P1.
  • the pressure reducing valve Vd may be opened.
  • the primary side (high pressure side) of the pressure reducing valve Vd is in fluid communication with the pressurizer 2, and the secondary side (low pressure side) is in fluid communication with the gas-liquid separation tank 4. Therefore, when the pressure reducing valve Vd is opened, the pressure of ammonia pressurized by the pressurizer 2 is reduced as it passes through the pressure reducing valve Vd.
  • liquid ammonia passes through the pressure reducing valve Vd, a portion of the liquid ammonia is vaporized by flash evaporation due to the reduced pressure. Therefore, liquid ammonia and gaseous ammonia are sent to the gas-liquid separation tank 4 from the pressure reducing valve Vd. Ammonia sent to the gas-liquid separation tank 4 is separated into liquid ammonia and gaseous ammonia. Liquid ammonia accumulates in the lower part of the gas-liquid separation tank 4, and gaseous ammonia accumulates in the upper part of the gas-liquid separation tank 4.
  • liquid ammonia and gaseous ammonia are sent to the gas-liquid separation tank 4 from the pressure reducing valve Vd.
  • Ammonia sent to the gas-liquid separation tank 4 is separated into liquid ammonia and gaseous ammonia. Liquid ammonia accumulates in the lower part of the gas-liquid separation tank 4, and gaseous ammonia accumulates in the upper part of the gas-liquid separation tank 4.
  • the gas-liquid separation tank 4 is connected to the tank 1 by a pipe (return line) P5.
  • a pump 7 is provided in the pipe P5.
  • the pump 7 sucks liquid ammonia accumulated in the gas-liquid separation tank 4 and returns the liquid ammonia to the tank 1.
  • the gas-liquid separation tank 4 is depressurized by suction by the pump 7 .
  • the water abatement tank 5 and the flare stack 6 with the valve V3 (described later) open have atmospheric pressure, the gas-liquid separation tank 4 can be depressurized even without suction by the pump 7. Therefore, a part of the gaseous ammonia accumulated in the gas-liquid separation tank 4 can be condensed into liquid ammonia. Therefore, the amount of liquid ammonia accumulated in the gas-liquid separation tank 4, that is, the amount of liquid ammonia returned to the tank 1 can be increased.
  • the gas-liquid separation tank 4 is connected to the water abatement tank 5 via piping P6. Gaseous ammonia in the gas-liquid separation tank 4 is sent to the water abatement tank 5 through a pipe P6. A check valve Vc is provided in the pipe P6. The check valve Vc prevents the fluid in the water abatement tank 5 from flowing back into the gas-liquid separation tank 4.
  • gaseous ammonia is dissolved in water.
  • water that has absorbed ammonia may be discarded.
  • the gas-liquid separation tank 4 is connected to the flare stack 6 by a pipe P7. Gaseous ammonia in the gas-liquid separation tank 4 is sent to the flare stack 6 through a pipe P7.
  • a valve V3 is provided in the pipe P7.
  • the valve V3 may be communicably connected to the control device 90 by wire or wirelessly, and may be controlled by the control device 90.
  • the control device 90 adjusts the amount of ammonia supplied to the flare stack 6 by controlling the opening degree of the valve V3.
  • gaseous ammonia is combusted. Since ammonia has poor combustibility, the flare stack 6 may further use another fuel with good combustibility for the pilot flame.
  • the control device 90 may close the valve V3 and dispose of the gaseous ammonia in the gas-liquid separation tank 4 in the water abatement tank 5. If the water cannot be disposed of in the tank 5, for example, if the water abatement tank 5 is full of water that has absorbed ammonia, open the valve V4 and send the gaseous ammonia in the gas-liquid separation tank 4 to the flare stack 6. Good too.
  • the system 100 includes the water abatement tank 5 and the flare stack 6 as an ammonia disposal device that disposes gaseous ammonia from the gas-liquid separation tank.
  • the control device 90 controls the whole or part of the system 100.
  • the control device 90 includes components such as a processor 90a, a storage device 90b, and a connector 90c, and these components are connected to each other via a bus.
  • the processor 90a includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit).
  • the storage device 90b includes a hard disk, a ROM in which programs and the like are stored, and a RAM as a work area.
  • the control device 90 is communicably connected to each component of the system 100 via a connector 90c in a wired or wireless manner.
  • the control device 90 may further include other components such as a display device such as a liquid crystal display or a touch panel, and an input device such as a keyboard, buttons, or a touch panel.
  • the operations of the control device 90 described above may be realized by having the processor 90a execute a program stored in the storage device 90b.
  • the system 100 as described above includes a tank 1 that stores liquid ammonia, a pressurizer 2 that is in fluid communication with the tank 1 and pressurizes liquid ammonia or gaseous ammonia, and a depressurizer that reduces the pressure of the ammonia pressurized by the pressurizer 2.
  • a valve Vd a gas-liquid separation tank 4 that separates gaseous ammonia and liquid ammonia generated by depressurization, a water abatement tank 5 and a flare stack 6 that dispose of the gaseous ammonia from the gas-liquid separation tank 4, and a gas-liquid separation tank 4.
  • a return line P5 for returning liquid ammonia from the tank 4 to the tank 1 is provided.
  • liquid ammonia and gaseous ammonia are separated from each other in the gas-liquid separation tank 4. Therefore, also in this case, it is possible to return a part of the gaseous ammonia pressurized by the pressurizer 2 to the tank 1 in a reduced pressure liquefied state. Therefore, according to the above configuration, it is possible to reduce the amount of ammonia that is discarded.
  • the system 100 also includes a pump 7 provided in the return line P5 that sucks liquid ammonia from the gas-liquid separation tank 4 and sends the liquid ammonia to the tank 1.
  • a pump 7 provided in the return line P5 that sucks liquid ammonia from the gas-liquid separation tank 4 and sends the liquid ammonia to the tank 1.
  • the gas-liquid separation tank 4 is depressurized by suction by the pump 7. Therefore, part of the gaseous ammonia accumulated in the gas-liquid separation tank 4 can be promoted to be condensed into liquid ammonia. Therefore, the amount of liquid ammonia returned to the tank 1 can be increased.
  • the ammonia sent from the pressurizer 2 to the pressure reducing valve Vd may be liquid ammonia or gaseous ammonia. In any case, it is possible to return a part of the ammonia pressurized by the pressurizer 2 to the tank 1 in a reduced pressure state, and it is possible to reduce the amount of ammonia that is discarded.
  • the ammonia disposal device includes a water abatement tank 5 or a flare stack 6.
  • the ammonia disposal device may include at least one of a water abatement tank 5 or a flare stack 6.
  • the ammonia disposal device is not limited to these, and may be any other device capable of disposing of gaseous ammonia.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a system 100A according to the second embodiment.
  • the system 100A differs from the system 100 according to the first embodiment described above in that it includes a heat exchanger 8.
  • the system 100A may be the same as the system 100 according to the first embodiment in other respects.
  • the heat exchanger 8 is arranged between the gas-liquid separation tank 4 and the water abatement tank 5 in the piping P6. In other embodiments, the heat exchanger 8 may be arranged between the gas-liquid separation tank 4 and the flare stack 6 in the pipe P7 instead of the pipe P6. Moreover, the heat exchanger 8 is arranged between the pressurizer 2 and the pressure reducing valve Vd in the pipe P1. In other embodiments, the heat exchanger 8 may be arranged between the pressurizer 2 and the pressure reducing valve Vd in the pipe P4 instead of the pipe P1. In the heat exchanger 8 , the ammonia pressurized by the pressurizer 2 is cooled by gaseous ammonia from the gas-liquid separation tank 4 . According to such a configuration, more liquid ammonia can be obtained by reducing the pressure in the pressure reducing valve Vd.
  • the system 100A as described above has the same effects as the system 100 according to the first embodiment.
  • the system 100A includes a heat exchanger 8 that is provided between the pressurizer 2 and the pressure reducing valve Vd and cools ammonia pressurized by the pressurizer 2 with gaseous ammonia from the gas-liquid separation tank 4.
  • a heat exchanger 8 that is provided between the pressurizer 2 and the pressure reducing valve Vd and cools ammonia pressurized by the pressurizer 2 with gaseous ammonia from the gas-liquid separation tank 4.
  • the system 100, 100A includes the pump 7.
  • the system may not include the pump 7.
  • the pressure reducing valve Vd may be controlled so that the internal pressure of the gas-liquid separation tank 4 is higher than the internal pressure of the tank 1. Due to the pressure difference between the gas-liquid separation tank 4 and the tank 1, liquid ammonia flows from the gas-liquid separation tank 4 to the tank 1.
  • the system may further include a BOG (Boil Off Gas) compressor connected to the tank 1. .
  • a BOG compressor can convert the vaporized ammonia back to liquid ammonia.
  • the gas-liquid separation tank 4 may be arranged at a high position so that the internal pressure of the gas-liquid separation tank 4 is higher than the internal pressure of the tank 1.
  • the present disclosure can promote the use of ammonia, which leads to reduced CO2 emissions, so that it can, for example, support Goal 7 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy. You can contribute to "ensuring access.”
  • SDGs Sustainable Development Goals

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
PCT/JP2022/044555 2022-03-25 2022-12-02 アンモニアを使用するシステム Ceased WO2023181509A1 (ja)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202280093482.2A CN118871716A (zh) 2022-03-25 2022-12-02 使用氨的系统
JP2024509746A JPWO2023181509A1 (cs) 2022-03-25 2022-12-02
AU2022449056A AU2022449056B2 (en) 2022-03-25 2022-12-02 Ammonia-using system.
KR1020247031445A KR20240154033A (ko) 2022-03-25 2022-12-02 암모니아를 사용하는 시스템

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2022-049707 2022-03-25
JP2022049707 2022-03-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023181509A1 true WO2023181509A1 (ja) 2023-09-28

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ID=88100464

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2022/044555 Ceased WO2023181509A1 (ja) 2022-03-25 2022-12-02 アンモニアを使用するシステム

Country Status (5)

Country Link
JP (1) JPWO2023181509A1 (cs)
KR (1) KR20240154033A (cs)
CN (1) CN118871716A (cs)
AU (1) AU2022449056B2 (cs)
WO (1) WO2023181509A1 (cs)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS508257Y1 (cs) * 1970-07-06 1975-03-12
JPS62142982A (ja) * 1985-12-18 1987-06-26 大阪瓦斯株式会社 液化天然ガス貯槽のボイルオフ抑制装置
JPS62147197A (ja) * 1985-12-18 1987-07-01 Osaka Gas Co Ltd 液化天然ガス貯槽のボイルオフガス再液化システム
JPH1130460A (ja) * 1997-07-10 1999-02-02 Mayekawa Mfg Co Ltd 蒸発凝縮式アンモニア冷凍ユニット
KR20210137313A (ko) * 2020-05-08 2021-11-17 삼성중공업 주식회사 암모니아 연료 공급 장치
KR20210137311A (ko) * 2020-05-08 2021-11-17 삼성중공업 주식회사 암모니아 연료 공급 장치

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP7305924B2 (ja) 2018-05-23 2023-07-11 株式会社Ihi 蒸気発生設備

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS508257Y1 (cs) * 1970-07-06 1975-03-12
JPS62142982A (ja) * 1985-12-18 1987-06-26 大阪瓦斯株式会社 液化天然ガス貯槽のボイルオフ抑制装置
JPS62147197A (ja) * 1985-12-18 1987-07-01 Osaka Gas Co Ltd 液化天然ガス貯槽のボイルオフガス再液化システム
JPH1130460A (ja) * 1997-07-10 1999-02-02 Mayekawa Mfg Co Ltd 蒸発凝縮式アンモニア冷凍ユニット
KR20210137313A (ko) * 2020-05-08 2021-11-17 삼성중공업 주식회사 암모니아 연료 공급 장치
KR20210137311A (ko) * 2020-05-08 2021-11-17 삼성중공업 주식회사 암모니아 연료 공급 장치

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2022449056A1 (en) 2024-09-26
AU2022449056B2 (en) 2025-10-30
JPWO2023181509A1 (cs) 2023-09-28
KR20240154033A (ko) 2024-10-24
CN118871716A (zh) 2024-10-29

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