WO2023180290A1

WO2023180290A1 - Sound reducer

Info

Publication number: WO2023180290A1
Application number: PCT/EP2023/057154
Authority: WO
Inventors: Stéphane ESCALIER
Original assignee: Original Custom Components
Priority date: 2022-03-23
Filing date: 2023-03-21
Publication date: 2023-09-28
Also published as: FR3133912A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a sound reducer comprising an inlet opening for gases that are to be propagated in the sound reducer, an expansion chamber and a channel in communication with the expansion chamber and extending along an axis of the channel from the expansion chamber to an outlet opening through which the gases leave the reducer. An axis of revolution of the inlet opening of the reducer and an axis of revolution of the outlet opening of the reducer are perpendicular to a plane that is perpendicular to the axis of the channel. The reducer comprises an absorption region for absorbing a sound wave which at least partially encases the channel. The absorption region at least partially formed of a one-piece architectured material and is arranged such that a portion of the gases flow from the channel through the architectured material to an outer wall of the architectured material delimiting the absorption region.

Description

DESCRIPTION

TITLE: Sound reducer

Technical area

The present invention belongs to the technical field of sound reducers or silencers. The purpose of sound reducers is to reduce the noise generated by the expansion of gas under pressure. In particular, their aim is to reduce the noise induced by the strong release of energy produced by the expansion of the gases under pressure at the outlet of a conduit through which the gases under pressure are expelled.

The way a sound reducer works is to expand the gases in a controlled manner inside the sound reducer. The expansion of the gases inside the sound reducer aims to slow down the speed of propagation of the pressurized gases and to homogenize the flow before the gases are released into the atmosphere through the outlet of the conduit.

The invention relates, in particular but in a non-limiting manner, to silencers for exhaust gases and to suppressors or silencers for firearms or gas weapons.

The invention further relates to a hybrid device for a firearm or gas weapon having the function of reducing the noise generated by the weapon and reducing the recoil of the weapon induced by the propulsion of the gases out of the barrel .

State of the prior art

State-of-the-art sound reducers consist of systems with cups or flexible lamellas. We also know sound reducers with fibrous filling such as metal wool, glass wool or rock wool.

The main problems with state-of-the-art sound reducers are:

- the slight reduction or even the absence of reduction in recoil of the weapon that they cause,

- a limited lifespan,

- a significant weight,

- significant bulk, - the appearance of gas returns at the level of the breech of the weapon inducing fouling of the weapon and genes for the shooter.

Recoil reducers with radial or inclined vents or with bearing surfaces are also known in the state of the art.

The main problem with state-of-the-art recoil reducers is that they cause a significant increase, of the order of +15 decibels (dB), in the sound impact induced by the expansion of gases out of the barrel. .

The present invention aims to overcome, at least in part, the disadvantages of state-of-the-art devices.

An aim of the invention is, furthermore, to propose a sound reducer:

- making it possible to overcome the disadvantages of state-of-the-art devices, and/or

- making it possible to improve the gain in sound volume attenuation compared to state-of-the-art devices, and/or

- having better mechanical resistance than state-of-the-art sound reducers, and/or

- having a reduced weight and lower than the weights of state-of-the-art sound reducers,

- in one piece and/or in one piece and/or not including assembled or assembleable sub-parts, and/or

- whose shape can be any and/or adapted, tailor-made, depending on the desired application, and/or

- having the function, in addition, of reducing the recoil of firearms or gas weapons, and/or

- combining the sound reduction and recoil functions of a firearm or gas weapon.

Presentation of the invention

For this purpose, a sound reducer, called a reducer, is proposed, comprising a gas inlet orifice, called gas, intended to propagate in the sound reducer. The sound reducer further comprises a gas expansion chamber and a channel communicating with said expansion chamber. The channel extends, along an axis, called the axis of the channel, preferably an axis of revolution of the channel, from the expansion chamber towards a gas outlet orifice out of the reducer. An axis of revolution of the inlet orifice of the reducer and an axis of revolution of the outlet orifice of the reducer are perpendicular to a plane perpendicular to the axis of the channel.

The reducer further comprises a zone for absorbing a sound wave produced by the gases. The absorption zone envelops, at least in part, the channel and/or completely envelops the channel and/or extends radially beyond or from the channel. The sound wave absorption zone comprises, at least in part, and/or is constituted, at least in part, preferably entirely, by a one-piece architectural material. The absorption zone and/or the channel are arranged so that a portion of the gases circulates from the channel through the architectural material to an external wall of the architectural material delimiting the absorption zone.

According to the invention, any plane perpendicular to the axis of the channel can be said or called "normal plane". Normal plane can be understood as any plane which is perpendicular to the axis of the channel which has, preferably, an intersection with the reducer and/or with the axis of the channel. Also, according to the invention, it can be considered that the reducer comprises a set of normal planes each having a different point of intersection with the axis of the channel.

Preferably, at least part of the one-piece architectural material, more preferably at least part, more preferably all or the entirety, of the absorption zone, is porous.

Absorption zone can be understood as the absorption zone.

According to the invention, a channel can be understood as a conduit.

According to the invention, the term orifice can be understood as a cavity or an opening.

It can be understood by gas inlet port and by gas outlet port, an inlet port of the sound reducer and a gas outlet port.

Preferably, at least part of the gases circulate in the channel, more preferably from the gas inlet orifice to the gas outlet orifice.

Preferably, the sound reducer is in one piece and/or in one piece and/or does not include assembled or assembleable sub-parts. Preferably, the sound reducer is, more preferably entirely or entirely, constituted or formed by the architectural material. Preferably, the sound reducer does not include any part capable of being separated and/or disassembled or dissociated from the sound reducer. More preferably, the sound reducer is made of the same and/or single material. Preferably, these characteristics have, among other things, the effect of improving the mechanical resistance to stress of the sound reducer. Preferably, the architectural material, more preferably the sound reducer as a whole, is made of metal or polymer or a metal/polymer composite.

Preferably, the sound reducer comprises, in a direction in which gases are intended to propagate in and/or through the reducer, the gas inlet orifice, the expansion chamber, the absorption chamber, in the absence of a channel, the channel which passes through the absorption chamber if applicable and the outlet orifice.

The channel may extend between or from an outlet of the expansion chamber and or to the outlet of the sound reducer.

In addition to gases intended to propagate in or through the reducer, a projectile may also propagate in and/or through the sound reducer. Preferably, the reducer is arranged so that the projectile propagates through the inlet orifice of the sound reducer, then into the expansion chamber, then into the channel then through the outlet orifice.

The inlet port of the reducer may be an port of the expansion chamber or the inlet port of the reducer may be connected to an inlet port of the expansion chamber by an additional channel or conduit.

The wall delimiting the expansion zone can be an external wall of the reducer.

The circulation or propagation of gases in the expansion zone has the effect of relaxing the gases, that is to say reducing their pressure and/or their speed of propagation. This reduces the noise generated by the exit of gases from the channel and/or the reducer. The expansion zone in one-piece architectural material, preferably in one-piece porous architectural material, makes it possible to improve the solidity of the sound reducer and therefore its lifespan.

The wall delimiting the absorption zone can be an external wall of the reducer.

The circulation or propagation of gases in the absorption zone has the effect of relaxing the gases, that is to say that their pressure and/or their propagation speed has decreased. This reduces the noise generated by the exit of gases from the channel and/or the reducer. The absorption zone in one-piece architectural material, preferably in one-piece porous architectural material, makes it possible to improve the solidity of the sound reducer and therefore its lifespan. In addition, the one-piece architectural material, preferably made of one-piece porous architectural material, makes it possible to reduce the weight of the sound reducer. Or, in comparison to state-of-the-art devices, for an equivalent or lower sound reducer weight, to achieve noise attenuation of +30 decibels (dB) or more.

In addition, the use of a one-piece architectural material allows better integration of the different components of a sound reducer and therefore reduces the bulk of the sound reducer according to the invention compared to state of the art devices. art.

In addition, the absorption zone made of one-piece architectural material, preferably of one-piece porous architectural material, makes it possible to control and/or adapt and/or obtain a desired conformation and/or geometry of the sound reducer as a function of the application.

Preferably, a distance, extending along a plane perpendicular to the axis of the channel, between the channel and at least a part, preferably only a part, of the external wall of the architectural material varies, preferably increases, depending on the axis of the canal.

Preferably, a distance, extending along a normal plane, between the channel and a part of the external wall of the silencer, intended to be facing and/or located on one side of a line of sight or line of sight of a firearm, on which the silencer is intended to be mounted, does not vary and/or does not increase and/or constant.

Preferably, the architectural material comprises a set of elementary patterns, called patterns, forming the one-piece structure of the architectural material, each of the patterns has a three-dimensional structure and at least part of the patterns:

- has a hollow three-dimensional structure, and

- comprises at least two orifices through which a cavity of each of the patterns of the at least part of the patterns communicates with the exterior of said cavity of each of said patterns of the at least part of the patterns; the absorption zone is arranged so that a part of the gases circulates through the orifices and the cavities of the patterns of the at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone. One or more of the absorption zone patterns may include an orifice. One or more of the patterns of the at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone may include a blind hole.

Preferably, several or each of the patterns of the absorption zone, more preferably several or each of the patterns of the at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone, comprise an even number of orifices.

Preferably, the at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone is arranged so that part of the gases circulate, in or through the absorption zone, from the channel through the architectural material to a wall external of the architectural material delimiting the absorption zone.

Preferably, at least one of the patterns, more preferably at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone, comprises or is made up of or is delimited by a wall or a layer.

Preferably, each of the patterns comprises or is made up of or is delimited by a wall or a layer.

Preferably, a wall or part of a wall of one or more patterns of the absorption zone, preferably of one or more patterns of at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone , is, for a considered pattern of the absorption zone, preferably for a considered pattern of the at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone, adjacent or contiguous or common to one or more patterns, preferably of the absorption zone, more preferably of at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone, adjacent to the pattern considered.

Preferably, an orifice of one of the patterns of the absorption zone, preferably of at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone, forms or constitutes an orifice of another of the patterns of the zone d absorption, preferably of at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone. In other words, an orifice of a pattern of the absorption zone, preferably of at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone, and an orifice of another of the patterns of the absorption zone, preferably of at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone, are or constitute or form the same orifice.

Preferably, for several, more preferably for each, of the patterns of the absorption zone, preferably of at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone; an orifice of a considered pattern of the absorption zone, preferably of at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone, forms or constitutes an orifice of another of the patterns of the absorption zone, preferably at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone. In other words, for several, preferably for each, of the patterns of the absorption zone, preferably of at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone; an orifice of a considered pattern of the absorption zone, preferably of at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone, and an orifice of another of the patterns of the absorption zone, preferably of the at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone, are or constitute or form the same orifice.

The circulation or propagation of the gases in the absorption zone through the orifices and the cavities makes it possible to further improve the expansion of the gases, that is to say reduce their pressure and/or their propagation speed. This makes it possible to further increase the reduction in noise generated by the exit of gases from the channel.

Preferably, the channel extends through a succession of patterns of the architectural material.

Preferably, the channel is formed or delimited or constituted by, at least a part, of each pattern of the succession of patterns, more preferably by a part of a wall of each pattern of the succession of patterns.

Preferably, the patterns of the succession of patterns are aligned along the axis of the channel.

Preferably, the architectural material comprises, more preferably constitutes or forms, the channel and the absorption zone.

Preferably, the patterns of the succession of patterns are adjacent or contiguous.

The porous nature of the reducer, in particular due to the cavities and orifices, preferably the porous nature of the absorption zone and the channel, allows a weight gain of around 40% compared to the reducers of the state of the art for the same material. It is not possible to obtain such a reducer architecture, preferably the presence of distinct patterns comprising orifices and cavities, more preferably in the absorption zone and the channel, with machining techniques and/or or assembly.

Preferably, the channel is formed, at least in part, by a series of openings formed in a wall of each of the patterns of the succession of patterns through which the channel extends. Preferably, the channel is formed by two openings opposite or facing each of the patterns of the succession of patterns through which the channel extends. Preferably, the channel is formed by two opposite or opposite openings formed in the wall of each of the patterns of the succession of patterns.

Preferably, at least one pattern of the succession of patterns is adjacent or contiguous to a pattern of the absorption zone. Preferably, each of the patterns of the succession of patterns is contiguous or adjacent to a distinct pattern of the absorption zone.

Preferably, a wall or part of a wall of at least one pattern of the succession of patterns is adjacent or contiguous or common to a pattern of the absorption zone. Preferably, a wall or part of a wall of several or each of the patterns of the succession of patterns is contiguous or adjacent or common to a distinct pattern of the absorption zone.

The channel can, in a normal plane, comprise or be made up of or be formed by several distinct patterns. A wall or part of a wall of the channel may, in a normal plane, comprise or be constituted or be formed by one or more walls of several distinct patterns.

Preferably, several, or each, of the patterns of the succession of patterns through which the channel extends comprise at least one orifice, preferably provided in the wall of each of the patterns of the succession of patterns through which extends the canal. More preferably, the orifices of the patterns of the succession of patterns through which the channel extends are arranged so that part of the gases circulating in the channel enter the absorption zone.

Preferably, the orifices of the patterns of the succession of patterns are arranged so that part of the gases circulate from the channel through the architectural material to an external wall of the architectural material delimiting the absorption zone.

Preferably, each of the orifices of the patterns of the succession of patterns, through which the channel extends, is arranged so that part of the gases circulating in the channel penetrate into a pattern distinct from the absorption zone.

Preferably, an orifice of one of the patterns of the succession of patterns, through which the channel extends, among the patterns of the succession of patterns, through which the channel extends, comprising at least one pattern, forms or constitutes an orifice of a pattern of the absorption zone. In other words, an orifice of a pattern of the succession of patterns, through which the channel extends, among the patterns of the succession of patterns, through which the channel comprising at least one pattern extends, and an orifice of a pattern of the absorption zone are or constitute or form the same orifice.

Preferably, for several, more preferably for each, of the patterns of the succession of patterns, through which the channel extends, among the patterns of the succession of patterns, through which the channel extends, comprising at least a pattern ; an orifice of a considered pattern of the succession of patterns, through which the channel extends, forms or constitutes an orifice of a pattern of the absorption zone. In other words, for several, preferably still for each, patterns of the succession of patterns, through which the channel extends, among the patterns of the succession of patterns, through which the channel extends, comprising at least a pattern ; an orifice of a considered pattern of the succession of patterns, through which the channel extends, and an orifice of the absorption zone are or constitute or form the same orifice.

Increasing the number of patterns comprising orifices in the patterns of the succession of patterns through which the channel extends and/or increasing the number of orifices in the patterns of the succession of patterns through which the channel extends extends the channel to increase the quantity of gas circulating or injected into the absorption zone. This makes it possible to further improve the expansion of the gases, that is to say reduce their pressure and/or their propagation speed. This makes it possible to further increase the reduction in noise generated by the exit of gases from the channel.

Preferably, the orifices of the patterns of the succession of patterns are distinct from the openings of the patterns of the succession of patterns.

Preferably, several, or each, of the patterns of the succession of patterns, among the patterns of the succession of patterns, through which the channel extends, comprise at least two orifices. More preferably, the at least two orifices of a considered pattern of the succession of patterns, through which the channel extends, are arranged so that part of the gases circulating in the channel penetrate into at least two distinct patterns, preferably adjacent to the pattern considered, of the absorption zone.

Several, preferably each, of the patterns of the succession of patterns, through which the channel extends, may comprise at least two orifices and:

- an axis of revolution of one of the orifices of the patterns of the succession of patterns, to through which the channel extends, and an axis of revolution of another of the orifices of the patterns of the succession of patterns, through which the channel extends, are parallel or coincident; in this case, for a pattern considered, among the patterns of the succession of patterns, through which the channel extends, comprising at least two orifices, part of the gases circulating in the channel penetrate into two distinct patterns, preferably adjacent to the pattern considered, of the absorption zone located on either side of the pattern considered, or

-an axis of revolution of one of the orifices of the patterns of the succession of patterns, through which the channel extends, and an axis of revolution of another of the orifices of the patterns of the succession of patterns, through which s extends the channel, form a non-zero angle so that part of the gases circulating in the channel penetrate into at least two distinct patterns, preferably adjacent to the pattern considered, of the absorption zone.

Several, preferably each, of the patterns of the succession of patterns, through which the channel extends, may comprise four or more distinct orifices and, for a pattern considered among the or each of the patterns of the succession of patterns, through which extends the channel, comprising four or more distinct orifices, one, more or each of the four or more distinct orifices are arranged so that a part of the gases circulating in the channel enters a distinct pattern, preferably adjacent to the pattern considered , of the absorption zone.

Several, preferably each, of the patterns of the succession of patterns, through which the channel extends, may comprise four or more distinct orifices and the axis of revolution of at least four or more of the distinct orifices of the patterns of the succession of patterns, through which the channel extends, is included in a normal plane and the axis of revolution of a first orifice and the axis of revolution of a second orifice are coincident and perpendicular to the axis of revolution of a third orifice and to the axis of revolution of a fourth orifice. In this case, for a pattern considered among the patterns of the succession of patterns, through which the channel extends, comprising at least four or more orifices, part of the gases circulating in the channel penetrate into four distinct patterns, preferably adjacent to the pattern considered, of the absorption zone.

Increasing the number of distinct absorption zone patterns into which the gases flowing in the channel penetrate further improves the expansion of gases, that is to say reducing their pressure and/or their speed of propagation. This makes it possible to further increase the reduction in noise generated by the exit of gases from the channel.

Preferably, at least two orifices of a pattern considered, preferably among the patterns of the at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone comprising at least two orifices, are arranged so that part of the gases circulating in considered pattern of the absorption zone penetrate into at least two distinct patterns, adjacent to the considered pattern, of the absorption zone.

Preferably, several, or each, of the patterns of the absorption zone, preferably of the at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone, comprise at least four orifices. Preferably, the at least four orifices of a pattern considered are arranged so that part of the gases circulating in the pattern considered of the absorption zone penetrate into at least four distinct patterns, adjacent to the pattern considered, of the absorption zone. absorption.

Preferably, several, more preferably each, of the patterns of the absorption zone, preferably of at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone comprising at least two orifices, comprises six or more orifices, and:

- an axis of revolution of an orifice of one of the patterns of the absorption zone, preferably of at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone comprising at least two orifices, and an axis of revolution of 'an orifice of another of the patterns of the absorption zone, preferably of at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone comprising at least two orifices, form an angle, identical or distinct, between 0 and 45° relative to an axis parallel to the axis of the channel, and

- an axis of revolution of an orifice of one of the patterns of the absorption zone, preferably of at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone comprising at least two orifices, and an axis of revolution of 'an orifice of another of the patterns of the absorption zone, preferably of at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone comprising at least two orifices, form an angle, identical or distinct, between 0 and 45° relative to an axis perpendicular, called the longitudinal axis, to the axis of the channel,

- an axis of revolution of an orifice of one of the patterns of the absorption zone, preferably of at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone comprising at least two orifices, and an axis of revolution of 'an orifice of another of the patterns of the absorption zone, preferably of at least part of the patterns of the zone absorption comprising at least two orifices, form an angle, identical or distinct, between 0 and 45° relative to an axis, called vertical axis, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis and perpendicular to the axis of the channel.

Preferably, the at least six orifices of a pattern considered, among the patterns of the at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone comprising at least six orifices, preferably among the patterns of the at least one part patterns of the absorption zone comprising at least two orifices, are arranged so that part of the gases circulating in the pattern considered of the absorption zone penetrate into at least six distinct patterns, adjacent to the pattern considered, of the zone d 'absorption.

Preferably, each of the patterns of the absorption zone, preferably of the at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone comprising at least two orifices, comprises six orifices and, for each pattern of the absorption zone , preferably for each pattern of the at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone comprising at least two orifices, an axis of revolution of an orifice of a pattern considered is coincident with an axis of revolution of a other of the orifices of the pattern considered; and an axis of revolution of a first orifice of a pattern is perpendicular to the axis of the channel, an axis of revolution of a second orifice is parallel to the axis of the channel and an axis of revolution of a third orifice is perpendicular to the axis of revolution of the first orifice and perpendicular to the axis of revolution of the second orifice.

Increasing the number of orifices in a pattern of the absorption zone makes it possible to further improve the expansion of the gases, that is to say reduce their pressure and/or their propagation speed. This makes it possible to further increase the reduction in noise generated by the exit of gases from the channel.

Preferably, the reducer comprising at least one recess extending between the external wall of the architectural material, and/or the absorption zone, and an external wall of the sound reducer.

The reducer may comprise several stacked recesses or several recesses forming a stack of recesses, extending between the external wall of the architectural material and an external wall of the sound reducer.

Preferably, the reducer comprises at least two vents extending, at least in part, preferably entirely, into or through the absorption zone, between or from the absorption zone or, respectively, between or from the channel , more preferably from an opening provided in a pattern or a common opening provided in several adjacent patterns of the absorption zone, preferably from at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone comprising at least two orifices, or , respectively, from a lateral opening of the channel, and/or to an external wall of the sound reducer, preferably an external and/or lateral opening of the external wall of the sound reducer; each of the vents is arranged so that part of the gases intended to circulate in the channel and/or in the absorption zone and/or in the expansion chamber are evacuated, out of the sound reducer, through the at least two vents .

It can be heard venting through a duct.

Preferably, the lateral opening of the external wall of the sound reducer constitutes or forms an outlet from a vent or a gas outlet from a vent.

Preferably, one or more walls or layers delimiting or forming or constituting each of the vents may be, in part or in whole, one or more patterned walls or may be, in part or in whole, one or more walls, preferably clean to the vents, distinct from the wall(s) of the patterns.

Preferably, part of the absorption zone extends between two consecutive vents.

One or more walls or layers delimiting or forming or constituting one or each of the vents may be discontinuous.

One or more walls or layers delimiting or forming or constituting one or each of the vents can be formed, at least in part or entirely, by the wall of the patterns. One or more walls or layers delimiting or forming or constituting one or each of the vents may also comprise one or more orifices of the patterns delimiting or forming or constituting one or more walls or layers of one or each of the vents.

One or more walls or layers delimiting or forming or constituting one or each of the vents may also comprise one or more orifices, preferably distinct from the orifices of the patterns. This further improves sound reduction. The orifice(s) of the wall(s) or layers delimiting or forming or constituting one or each of the vents can connect two successive orifices or can connect an orifice to a part of the absorption zone extending between two consecutive vents.

Preferably, the at least two vents extend between the absorption zone and the external wall of the sound reducer. So, before entering the vents, the gases coming from the channel have already passed through part of the absorption zone in which they have been relaxed, that is to say their pressure and/or their propagation speed has decreased. This reduces the noise generated by the exit of gases from the vents. The part of the absorption zone in which the gases coming from the channel pass can be included in the walls or layers, distinct from the wall(s) of the patterns, delimiting or forming or constituting a vent.

At least one vent may extend, at least in part, preferably entirely, into or through the expansion chamber, from the expansion chamber, more preferably from an opening in the expansion chamber, and an external wall of the sound reducer, preferably an external opening of the external wall of the sound reducer.

Preferably, the sound reducer includes an even number of vents.

Preferably, the at least two vents extending, at least in part, through the absorption zone extend through a succession of adjacent or contiguous patterns of the architectural material.

Preferably, each of the vents is arranged so that part of the gases intended to circulate in the channel are evacuated radially relative to the axis of the channel, preferably laterally and/or vertically towards the rear relative to the axis. from the channel, through the vents, out of the sound reducer.

Preferably, each of the vents is arranged so that the part of the gases intended to circulate in the channel evacuated by the vents is evacuated laterally and/or laterally and towards the rear, through the vents, out of the sound reducer.

Preferably, each of the vents is arranged so that the part of the gases intended to circulate in the channel evacuated by the vents is evacuated, through the at least two vents, out of the sound reducer by two sides, preferably two lateral sides, preferably again on opposite sides of the sound reducer.

Preferably, the opening, preferably each opening, of the channel is an opening formed in a wall of a pattern of the architectural material.

Preferably, the vents have the effect of creating a resultant opposite to the direction of the vents, which makes it possible to reduce the recoil of the weapon in the case of a sound reducer for a weapon.

Preferably, at least one of the vents, more preferably each of the vents, are arranged so that the gas evacuated, out of the sound reducer through the vents, exerts a force, on the walls of the vents, which is opposed to the recoil force so as to reduce the recoil of the weapon.

Arranging a vent or vents so that they extend between, or from, the absorption area and, or up to, the outer wall of the sound reducer may be defined as arranging the sound reducer so that a part of the absorption zone is arranged or extends between the channel and the vent or vents. This characteristic has the effect that the gases in the channel are relaxed, that is to say that their pressure and/or their propagation speed decreases, before penetrating and spreading in the vent(s). This helps reduce the noise generated by the exit of gases from the vent(s).

Preferably, the at least two vents extend through patterns, preferably through a succession of patterns, of the architectural material, preferably of the absorption zone. Preferably, the at least two vents extend through patterns, preferably through a succession of patterns, of the absorption zone.

The patterns of the succession of patterns through which the at least two vents extend can be aligned. Preferably, the patterns of the succession of patterns through which the at least two vents extend are not aligned.

Preferably, the at least two vents are formed or delimited or constituted by, at least one part, of each pattern of the succession of patterns, more preferably by a part of a wall of each pattern of the succession of patterns.

Preferably, the architectural material comprises, more preferably constitutes or forms, the channel, the absorption zone and the at least two vents.

Preferably, the at least two vents comprise two consecutive walls, along an axis parallel to the axis of the channel, facing each other; a tangent to a distal end of at least one of the two consecutive walls of a vent considered forms an angle less than 90° and greater than 0° with a plane normal to the axis of the canal intersecting the tangent at the distal end of at least one of the two consecutive walls of the vent considered. Preferably, the two consecutive walls of the at least two vents delimit and/or form, at least in part, the at least two vents.

Preferably, a tangent to a distal end of at least one of the two consecutive walls of at least one of the vents considered and a tangent to a distal end of the other of the two consecutive walls of the at least one vent considered form an angle less than 90° and greater than 0° with a plane normal to the axis of the channel intersecting the tangent at the distal end of at least one of the two walls of the vent considered.

Preferably, the two consecutive walls are opposite each other and separated, along an axis parallel to the axis of the channel, by a non-zero distance.

The distal end of a wall of the two consecutive walls of a vent can be defined as the end of a wall of the two consecutive walls which is contiguous to an exit surface of a vent, preferably through which the Gases are expelled out of a vent, more preferably through which the gases are expelled out of the reducer.

Preferably, a tangent to a distal end of at least one of the two consecutive walls of a vent considered intersects the axis of the channel and forms an angle less than 90° and greater than 0° with an outlet surface of a vent and/or with the axis of the channel.

Preferably, each tangent at each point of the distal end of at least one of the two consecutive walls forms an angle less than 90° and greater than 0° with a plane normal to the axis of the channel intersecting the tangent at the the distal end of at least one of the two consecutive walls of the vent in question.

Preferably, each tangent at each point of the distal end of at least one of the two consecutive walls intersecting the axis of the channel forms an angle less than 90° and greater than 0° with an outlet surface of a vent and/or with the axis of the channel.

Preferably, for at least one of the vents, preferably for each of the vents, and at any point on the outlet surface of the at least one vent considered, through which the gases are expelled out of the reducer, a tangent in one point of the outlet surface of the at least one vent considered forms an angle |3, called projection angle, with a straight line extending along the axis of the channel from an intersection of the tangent with the axis of the channel to the gas outlet port which is greater than 0° and less than 90°. Preferably, for a vent considered, the arrangement of the reducer so that it forms the angle p makes it possible to further increase the reduction in the recoil of the weapon by means of the force exerted, which is opposed to the force of retreat, on a surface, called projected, of one of the walls delimiting, in part, the vent considered.

Preferably, for a vent considered, the outlet surface is delimited, in part, by one end of two consecutive walls, along an axis parallel to the axis of the channel, of the vent considered. Preferably, for the vent considered, one of the walls, among the two consecutive walls, is located on the side of the gas inlet orifice and the other of the walls, among the two consecutive walls, is located on the side of the gas outlet port. Preferably, the wall, among the two consecutive walls, located on the side of the gas outlet orifice comprises the projected surface.

Preferably, a distance, extending along an axis parallel to the axis of the channel, separating two consecutive walls, along an axis parallel to the axis of the channel, preferably delimiting or forming a vent and/or part of the absorption zone, preferably located between the channel and a vent, of a vent, called the section of a vent, increases and/or decreases, for at least one of the vents, preferably for each of the vents, in one direction according to which the at least one vent mainly extends and/or extending from the absorption zone or from the channel or from the expansion chamber towards the external wall of the sound reducer.

Preferably, the two consecutive walls of a vent are opposite each other.

Preferably, the wall of a vent circumscribes a volume through which the gases coming from the channel are evacuated, out of the sound reducer, through the at least two vents.

The section of one or more vents may, along the direction in which the at least one vent mainly extends and in the direction connecting the absorption zone or the channel to the external wall of the sound reducer, representing the main axis of the vent, decrease then increase so as to form a neck or a constriction which can be central.

The section of one or more vents may, along the direction in which the at least one vent mainly extends and in the direction connecting the absorption zone or the channel to the external wall of the sound reducer, representing the main axis of the vent, increase then decrease so as to form a flare which can be central. The section of one or more vents may, along the direction in which the at least one vent mainly extends and in a direction connecting the absorption zone or the channel to the external wall of the sound reducer, representing the main axis of the vent, decrease then increase, or vice versa, so as to form a neck or a constriction and/or so as to form a flare.

The throttling has the effect of accelerating the flow of gases circulating in the vent and then controlling its expansion. This effect is particularly interesting for supersonic gases, that is to say when the speed of the projectile is greater than 330 m/s. Flaring has the effect of controlling the flow of gases circulating in the vent and then accelerating it. This effect is particularly interesting for supersonic gases, that is to say when the speed of the projectile is greater than 330 m/s.

Preferably, the section of a vent increases between two consecutive vents or from one vent to the other in a direction connecting the gas inlet orifice and the gas outlet orifice.

Preferably, the section of a vent considered is less than the section of a vent consecutive to the vent considered in a direction connecting the gas inlet orifice and the gas outlet orifice.

Preferably, the outlet surface, through which the gases are expelled out of the reducer, of a vent considered is less than the outlet surface, through which the gases are expelled out of the reducer, of a vent consecutive to the 'vent considered in a direction connecting the gas inlet orifice and the gas outlet orifice

The increase in the section of a vent or the exit surface of a vent between two consecutive vents has the effect of compensating for the reduction in pressure of the gases, following their expansion, as they progress over time. along the axis of the canal.

Description of figures

Other advantages and particularities of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description of implementations and embodiments in no way limiting, and the following appended drawings:

[Fig. 1] FIGURE 1 is a photograph taken from an angle of a sound reducer according to one embodiment of the invention,

[Fig. 2] FIGURE 2 is a photograph taken from an angle of a sound and recoil reducer, called a hybrid reducer, according to one embodiment of the invention,

[Fig. 3] FIGURE 3 is a side view photograph of a central section along the vertical plane of a sound reducer according to the invention,

[Fig. 4] FIGURE 4 is an oblique view photograph of a partial section along the vertical and horizontal planes of the hybrid sound reducer of FIGURE 2, [Fig. 5] FIGURE 5 is a simplified schematic representation in top view of a section in a transverse plane comprising the axis of the channel of a variant of the hybrid reducer presented in FIGURES 2 and 4,

[Fig. 6] FIGURE 6 is a simplified schematic representation in top view of a section in a transverse plane comprising the axis of the channel of a variant of the hybrid reducer presented in FIGURES 2 and 4,

[Fig. 7] FIGURE 7 is a simplified schematic representation in top view of a section in a transverse plane comprising the axis of the channel of the hybrid gearbox presented in FIGURES 2 and 4,

Description of embodiments

The embodiments described below being in no way limiting, we may in particular consider variants of the invention comprising only a selection of characteristics described, isolated from the other characteristics described (even if this selection is isolated within a sentence including these other characteristics), if this selection of characteristics is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention compared to the state of the prior art. This selection includes at least one characteristic, preferably functional without structural details, or with only part of the structural details if this part only is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention compared to the state of the prior art. .

With reference to FIGURES 1 to 7, an embodiment of the invention is described. This embodiment relates to a sound reducer for a firearm. This embodiment is applicable to sound reducers for firearms and more generally for any sound reducer, including sound reducers for vehicles or sound reducers for air tubes for example.

According to the embodiment, and with reference to FIGURE 1, there is presented a sound reducer 1, called reducer 1. The reducer 1 comprising a gas inlet orifice 12, called gas, intended to propagate in the sound reducer 1 The reducer 1 comprises an expansion chamber 2 and a channel 3 communicating with the expansion chamber 2. The channel 3 extends along an axis 8, called the axis of the channel 8, from the expansion chamber 2 towards a gas outlet orifice 13 outside the reducer 1. An axis of revolution of the inlet orifice 12 of the reducer and an axis of revolution of the outlet orifice 13 of the reducer are perpendicular to a plane, called a normal plane, perpendicular to the axis of the channel 8. The reducer 1 further comprises an absorption zone 4 of a sound wave produced by the gases. The absorption zone 4 envelops the channel 3. According to the embodiment, the absorption zone 4 extends radially from the channel 3 and completely envelops the channel 3.

The absorption zone 4 of the sound wave is made up of a single-piece architectural material. The absorption zone 4, or the part of the architectural material constituting the absorption zone 4, is arranged so that part of the gases circulates from the channel 3 through the architectural material to an external wall 11 of the architectural material delimiting the absorption zone 4. The external wall 11 of the architectural material can be defined as the external wall 11 of the absorption zone 4.

According to the embodiment, the entire reducer 1, that is to say, among others, the channel 3, the expansion chamber 2, the external wall 11, the inlet 12 and outlet 13 orifices and the absorption zone 4, is formed by the architectural material. The reducer 1 is therefore in one piece or in one piece.

According to the embodiment, the reducer 1 is intended to be mechanically fixed at the end of the barrel. The reducer 1 may include a thread at the inlet 12 of the reducer 1 to mechanically fix the reducer 1 at the end of the barrel. The reducer 1 may include any other mechanical fixing system, such as claws or quick clips, to mechanically fix the reducer 1 at the end of the barrel. The thread can be obtained by machining after the gearbox 1 has been entirely manufactured by additive manufacturing, in particular by 3D printing.

At the exit of the gun, the warhead enters the reducer 1 through channel 3 and successively passes through the expansion chamber 2 then the absorption zone 4. The warhead is preceded by moving compressed air and followed by the combustion gas under pressure. These two types of gas are expanded in the expansion chamber 2 then in the absorption zone 4. This action makes it possible to reduce the intensity of the sound impact of the gunshot.

According to the non-limiting embodiment, the architectural material can be a light alloy, a Titanium alloy, a Ferrous-based alloy or a Nickel-based alloy. Light alloys, such as aluminum alloy, are considered when a low weight gearbox 1 is an absolute necessity. Nickel-based alloys are considered when mechanical temperature resistance is an absolute necessity. Titanium alloys are an adequate compromise between light alloys and Nickel bases. The architectural material can also be made of polymer, with or without integrated reinforcement, such as short or long fiber reinforcements.

According to the embodiment, a distance, extending along a normal plane, between the channel 3 and at least part of the external wall 11 of the architectural material varies along the axis of the channel 8. This distance increases according to the direction connecting the inlet 12 and the outlet 13 of the reducer 1. This distance increases on the lower and lateral portions of the reducer 1 or located towards the rear and on the sides relative to a vertical axis. Thus, the line of sight of the reducer remains straight. This makes it possible to increase the volume of the absorption zone, and therefore the noise attenuation, without obstructing the shooter's line of sight. As visible in particular in FIGURE 1, the reducer 1 therefore has a flared profile. In other words, the volume of the reducer, or its section in a normal plane, increases according to the direction connecting the inlet 12 and the outlet 13 of the reducer 1.

Such a design is made possible, in particular, by the 3D printing manufacturing process used to implement the reducer 1. It is not possible to obtain these types of shape with the reducers obtained by machining.

The part of the architectural material constituting, at least in part, the absorption zone 4 comprises a set of elementary patterns 5, called patterns 5, forming the one-piece structure of the architectural material. Each of the patterns 5 of the architectural material has a three-dimensional structure and at least part of the patterns 5 has a hollow three-dimensional structure.

According to the particular non-limiting embodiment, the patterns 5 are dodecahedra. The patterns 5 can be any type of geometric shape. As non-limiting examples, the patterns 5 can be any type of polyhedra or a sphere.

Furthermore, at least part of the patterns 5 comprises at least two orifices 6 through which a cavity 7 of each of the patterns 5 of the at least part of the patterns 5 communicates with the exterior of the cavity 7 of each of the patterns of at least part of the patterns 5.

The absorption zone 4 is arranged so that part of the gases circulates through the orifices 6 and the cavities 7 of the patterns 5 of the at least part of the patterns 5 of the part of the architectural material constituting, at least in part, the absorption zone 4.

As illustrated, and directly deducible from FIGURES 3 and 4, at least part of the patterns 5, all of the patterns 5 depending on the embodiment, are closed or closed. For at least part of the patterns 5, preferably for each of the patterns 5 according to the embodiment, the cavity 7 of a pattern 5 considered is delimited and circumscribed by the wall 51 of the pattern 5 considered. For at least part of the patterns 5, preferably for each of the patterns 5 according to the embodiment, the cavity 7 of a pattern 5 considered communicates with the exterior of the pattern 5 considered only through the at least two orifices 6.

Channel 3 extends through a succession of patterns 5 of the architectural material. The channel 3 is formed by a series of openings 14 formed in a wall 51 of each of the patterns 5 of the succession of patterns 5 through which the channel 3 extends. In addition, the succession of patterns 5 through which s 'extending channel 3 forms a row of adjacent patterns 5.

According to the particular non-limiting embodiment, the section of the channel 3, in a normal plane considered, is less than the section, in the normal plane considered passing through the center of a pattern 5, of the cavity 7 of the patterns of the succession of patterns 5 through which channel 3 extends. Also, channel 3 is included in the row of adjacent patterns 5. Furthermore, still according to the particular non-limiting embodiment, each pattern 5 comprises two opposite openings 14 located opposite each other. An opening 14 is common to two adjacent patterns 5 of the succession of patterns 5 through which the channel 3 extends. Finally, each of the openings 14 is included in and formed by the wall 51 of the same pattern 5, in particular a wall 51 common to two adjacent patterns 5 of the succession of patterns 5 through which the channel 3 extends, of the succession of patterns 5 through which the channel 3 extends. However, the channel 3 could be included in or formed by several adjacent rows of patterns 5. In this case, the section of the channel 3, in the normal plane considered, could be greater or not than the section, in the normal plane considered passing through the center of a pattern 5, of the cavity 7 of the patterns 5 of the succession of patterns 5 through which the channel 3 extends. In this case again, each of the openings 14 could be included in and formed by the wall 51 of several adjacent patterns 5 of several adjacent rows.

Several of the patterns 5, each of the patterns 5 according to the embodiment, of the succession of patterns 5 through which the channel 3 extends comprise at least one orifice 6 and preferably at least two orifices 6. The orifices 6 of the patterns 5 of the succession of patterns 5 are arranged so that part of the gases circulating in the channel 3 penetrate into the absorption zone 4. In particular, the orifices 6 of a pattern 5 considered of the succession of patterns 5 are arranged so that part of the gases circulating in the channel penetrate into at least two distinct patterns 5 of the absorption zone 4. According to the particular non-limiting embodiment, each of the patterns 5 of the succession of patterns 5 through which the channel 3 extends comprises four orifices 6. The axis of revolution of each of the orifices 6 is included in a normal plane. The axis of revolution of a first orifice 6 coincides with the axis of a second orifice 6 which extends along the vertical axis in FIGURES 3 and 4. The axis of revolution of a third orifice 6 coincides with the axis of a fourth orifice 6 which extends along the horizontal axis in FIGURES 3 and 4.

According to the non-limiting embodiment, each pattern 5 of the absorption zone 4, with the exception of the peripheral patterns 5 adjacent to the external wall 11 of the absorption zone 4, comprise at least two orifices 6. Each pattern 5 considered of the absorption zone 4 is arranged so that part of the gases circulating in a considered pattern of the absorption zone 4 penetrate into at least two distinct patterns 5, adjacent to the pattern 5 considered, of the absorption zone absorption 4. However, nothing prevents certain of the patterns 5 of the absorption zone 4 from having a blind orifice 6.

According to the non-limiting embodiment, each of the patterns 5 of the absorption zone 4, with the exception of the peripheral patterns 5 adjacent to the external wall 11 of the absorption zone 4, comprises six orifices 6. However, the patterns of the absorption zone could include four orifices 6 or more than six orifices 6. According to the non-limiting embodiment, an axis of revolution of an orifice 6 of one of the patterns 5 of the absorption zone 4 and a axis of revolution of an orifice 6 of another of the patterns 5 of the absorption zone 4 form an identical angle of 0° relative to an axis parallel to the axis of the channel 8. Still according to the non-limiting embodiment , an axis of revolution of an orifice 6 of one of the patterns 5 of the absorption zone 4 and an axis of revolution of an orifice 6 of another of the patterns 5 of the absorption zone 4 form an angle identical by 0° relative to a perpendicular axis, called the longitudinal axis, to the axis of the channel 8. According to the non-limiting embodiment, an axis of revolution of an orifice 6 of one of the patterns 5 of the zone of absorption 4 and an axis of revolution of an orifice 6 of another of the patterns 5 of the absorption zone 4 form an identical angle of 0° relative to an axis, called vertical axis, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis and perpendicular to the axis of channel 8. The reducer 1 comprises at least one recess 15, a single recess 15 according to the embodiment, extending between the external wall 11 of the architectural material and an external wall 10 of the reducer 1. The recess 15 extends radially around the external wall 11 of the absorption zone. According to the non-limiting embodiment, the recess 15 extends only over an upper half, relative to the vertical axis, of the reducer 1.

The recess 15 or successive recesses 15 extend, at a minimum, at the level of the part of the reducer 1 intended to be positioned in the line of sight of a weapon on which it is intended to be mounted.

The at least one recess includes or is filled with a gas. The function of the at least one recess is to thermally insulate the external wall of the architectural material and/or the absorption zone of the external wall of the sound reducer. This makes it possible to attenuate, or even prevent the appearance of, convection effects in the weapon's line of sight.

With reference to FIGURES 2 and 4 to 7, an improvement of the embodiment presented above and illustrated in FIGURES 1 and 3 is described. It is a reducer 1, called hybrid, combining or capable of combining all or part of the characteristics and properties of the sound reducer 1 described above and illustrated in FIGURE 1 and 3 with those of a recoil reducer. The characteristics of the reducer 1 described previously can all be combined with the improvement. According to the improvement, the reducer 1 further comprises twelve vents 9 extending between the absorption zone 4 and the external wall 10 of the reducer 1. Each of the vents 9 is arranged so that part of the gases intended to circulate in channel 3 is evacuated, out of the reducer 1, through the vents 9. The vents 9 are arranged laterally. Six vents 9 are arranged on one side and six others on the opposite side.

The vents 9 extend through patterns 5 of the absorption zone 4.

The geometric characteristics, in terms of distances and angles in particular, of the simplified schematic presentation of FIGURES 5 to 7 are illustrative and do not necessarily or not exactly correspond to the geometric characteristics of the hybrid reducer 1 of FIGURES 2 and 4.

Each of the vents 9 comprises an outlet surface 18 through which the gases are expelled from the reducer 1. According to the non-limiting embodiment presented in FIGURES 2 and 4, the outlet surfaces 18 are curved. With reference to FIGURES 5 to 7, each vent 9 comprises two consecutive walls 16 along an axis parallel to the axis of the channel 8. The two consecutive walls 16 are opposite each other. For at least one vent 9, for each vent 9 according to the embodiment shown in FIGURES 2 and 4, a tangent 25, 26 to a distal end 27, 28 of at least one of the two consecutive walls 16 of the vent 9 forms an angle, denoted À, less than 90° and greater than 0° with a plane normal 29, 30 to the axis of the channel 8 intersecting the tangent 25, 26 at the distal end 27, 28 of at least one of the two walls 16 of the vent 9.

According to the embodiment, the angle Ài formed between the tangent 25 and the plane normal 29 to the axis of the channel 8 intersecting the tangent 25 at the distal end 27 is of the order of 30°. The angle Ài is different from the angle À2 formed between the tangent 26 and the plane normal 30 to the axis of the channel 8 intersecting the tangent 26 at the distal end 28. The angle À2 is of the order of 45 °. In other words, in the section plane shown, the two consecutive walls 16 are not parallel. Furthermore, with reference to FIGURE 4, the consecutive walls 16 are not flat. Furthermore, the consecutive walls 16 are not parallel. However, the consecutive walls 16 could be flat and/or parallel.

The angle À describes an arrangement of the vents 9 such that the gases circulating through each vent 9 are ejected from each vent 9 by generating a thrust on one or both consecutive walls 16 opposite each other. This thrust is opposite to the direction of gas ejection. This thrust is the main result opposed to the recoil of the weapon. This thrust, and therefore the angle À, makes it possible to obtain the effect of reducing recoil. For this effect to be obtained, it is sufficient for the angle À to be different from 0° and 90°. An angle À between 20° and 70° offers a particularly advantageous effect. An angle of between 30° and 60° offers an optimal effect.

With reference to FIGURE 4 to 7, according to the embodiment presented, each vent 9 extends mainly in a direction 19, called main direction 19, extending from the absorption zone 4 to the external wall 10 of the reducer 1. Each vent 9 comprises a median surface equidistant from each of the two consecutive walls 16. The median surface comprises the main direction 19 of a vent 9. The main direction 19 is a straight line according to the embodiment. However, the main direction 19, like the walls 16 delimiting the vents 9, like the median surface, can be an axis having any shape, such as, by way of non-limiting examples, a concave or convex curved shape. For each of the vents 9, the main direction 19 of a vent 9 considered forms an angle 0, called thrust angle 0, with a straight line extending along the axis of the channel 8 from an intersection 22 of the axis gas outlet 19 with the axis of the channel 8 up to the gas inlet orifice 12 which is greater than 0°, preferably 20°, and less than 90°, preferably 70°. According to the embodiment presented, the thrust angle 0 is 52.5°.

The main direction 19 forms an angle 5 with a normal plane 23 which includes the point of intersection of the main axis 19 with the axis of the channel 8. The median surface of a vent 9 forms an angle 5 with a normal plane 23 which includes the axis of intersection of the median surface with the normal plane 23. The angle 5 formed between the median surface and a normal plane 23 which includes the axis of intersection of the median surface with the normal plane 23 may vary along the axis of intersection of the median surface with the normal plane 23. The axis of intersection of the median surface with the normal plane 23 may be curved or may be a straight line. The angle 5 formed between this main axis 19, and respectively between the median surface, and the normal plane 23 comprising the point of intersection of the main axis 19, and respectively the axis of intersection of the median surface, with the axis of channel 8 is 30 to 60 degrees. According to the embodiment presented, angle 5 is 45°.

The gases circulating through each vent 9 are ejected mainly along this main axis 19 and generate a thrust along this main axis 19 and opposite to the direction of ejection. This thrust is the main result opposed to the recoil of the weapon. The angles λ, 5 and 0 are three alternative descriptions of the arrangement of the vents 9 which make it possible to obtain the recoil reduction effect. For this effect to be obtained, it is sufficient for the angles À, 5 and 0 to be different from 0° and 90°. Angles À, 5 and 0 between 20° and 70° offer a particularly advantageous effect. Angles À, 5 and 0 between 30° and 60° offer an optimal effect.

With reference to FIGURE 7, an improvement of the embodiment presented in FIGURES 2 and 4 to 6 is described. In this improvement, for each vent 9, a tangent 20 at a point on the outlet surface 18 of a vent 9 considered forms an angle p, called projection angle p, with a straight line extending along the axis of the channel 8 from an intersection 24 of the tangent 20 with the axis of the channel 8 to the orifice of gas outlet 13 which is between 0° and 60°. The projection angle p is equal to 0° in the embodiments presented in FIGURES 5 and 6.

The function of the angle p is to create a projected surface differential 21 so as to induce a resulting force opposed to the recoil of the weapon. The resulting force is generated by the pressure exerted by the gases, evacuated from the reducer 1 through the vents 9, on the projected surface 21 of the wall 16 of the vents 9 located on the side of the gas outlet 13. In the illustration of FIGURES 5 to 7 which is a section plane in a transverse plane of the reducer 1, the projected surface 21 is therefore an axis. This force is the secondary result opposed to the recoil of the weapon. The effect provided by angle p, that is to say the secondary resultant, is different from the effect provided by angles 0 and 5.

According to the non-limiting embodiments presented, each vent 9 comprises a wall 16 which is distinct from the wall 51 of the patterns 5. The wall 16 of the vents 9 can extend from the channel 3, in particular from a wall 51 of the patterns 5 of the succession of patterns 5 through which the channel 3 extends, to the external wall 10 of the reducer 1. The wall 16 of the vents 9 is optional and one or more vents can be composed of partial patterns 5 only.

According to the non-limiting embodiments presented, the gas intended to propagate in channel 3 passes from channel 3 to an outlet of a vent 9 provided in the external wall 10 of the reducer 1. The gas coming from the channel 3 circulates through a volume of architectural material composing part of the absorption zone 4 then in the vent 9. Also, according to the embodiment, the patterns 5 composing the absorption zone 4 are included in the walls 16 of the vents 9. Parts of the absorption zone 4 are located or extend between two consecutive vents 9.

According to the invention, the section of a vent 9 is defined as the distance, extending along an axis parallel to the axis of the channel 8, separating two consecutive walls 16, along an axis parallel to the axis of the channel 8 , of a vent 9. The section of a vent 9 increases in the main direction 19 of a vent 9 from the absorption zone 4 towards the external wall of the sound reducer 10. The section of a vent 9 can also decrease or increase then decrease or decrease then increase in the main direction 19 of a vent 9 from the absorption zone 4 towards the external wall of the sound reducer 10. In addition, the section of the vents 9 increases between two consecutive vents 9 in a direction connecting the gas inlet orifice 12 and the gas outlet 13.

According to the non-limiting embodiments presented, the thickness of the external walls 10, 11 and/or the walls 51 of the patterns 5 and/or the walls 16 of the vents 9 can be between 0.1 mm to 10 mm depending on the application and needs.

The size of the patterns 5 can be between 0.5 mm to 20 mm depending on the application and needs. The patterns 5 can have any type of shape.

The orifices 6 have a diameter of between 0.2 mm to 10 mm depending on the application and needs. The orientation of the orifices 6 as well as the orientation of their axes of revolution is variable depending on the application and needs.

The architectural material can integrate one or more free-form internal reinforcing structures. The architectural material may also include structures communicating or extending from the interior of the reducer 1 with or to the exterior of the reducer 1.

The reinforcing structure may comprise or form at least one strip or bar or rod. The reinforcing structure can be free-form. The reinforcing structure can extend between one of the walls of the architectural material, among others, between one or more external walls 10, 11 and/or one of the walls 51 of the patterns 5 and/or one or more walls 16 of the vents 9. The reinforcing structure can form one or more internal partitions, preferably within a pattern 5 and/or a cavity 7. The main function of the reinforcing structure is to reinforce the architectural material, preferably the area of the material architectural located between the parts of the architectural material between which the reinforcing structure extends.

According to the non-limiting embodiments presented, the reducer 1 comprises a lug 17 located on the side of the outlet 13 of the reducer 1 and on the upper part, with respect to the vertical direction, of the reducer 1. The lug 17 can also be located on the lower part in relation to the vertical direction, of the reducer 1. The lug 17 is arranged to allow the attachment of an anti-convection veil or fabric, commonly called an anti-mirage strip. Of course, the invention is not limited to the examples which have just been described and numerous adjustments can be made to these examples without departing from the scope of the invention.

Thus, in variants that can be combined with each other of the previously described embodiments:

- an axis of revolution of an orifice 6 of one of the patterns 5 of the absorption zone 4 and an axis of revolution of an orifice 6 of another of the patterns 5 of the absorption zone 4 form an angle distinct, between 0 and 45 relative to an axis parallel to the axis of channel 8, and/or

- an axis of revolution of an orifice 6 of one of the patterns 5 of the absorption zone 4 and an axis of revolution of an orifice 6 of another of the patterns 5 of the absorption zone 4 form an angle distinct, between 0 and 45° relative to a perpendicular axis, called longitudinal axis, to the axis of channel 8, and/or

- an axis of revolution of an orifice 6 of one of the patterns 5 of the absorption zone 4 and an axis of revolution of an orifice 6 of another of the patterns 5 of the absorption zone 4 form an angle distinct, between 0 and 45°, relative to an axis, called vertical axis, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis and perpendicular to the axis of channel 8, and/or

- the reducer 1 comprises at least two vents 9, and/or

- one or more vents 9 extend between the channel 3 and/or between the expansion chamber 2 and/or between the absorption zone 4 and an external wall 10 of the reducer 1, and/or

- the thrust angle 0 and/or the angle 5 is less than 90° and/or greater than 0°.

In addition, the different features, shapes, variants and embodiments of the invention can be associated with each other in various combinations as long as they are not incompatible or exclusive of each other.

Claims

1. Sound reducer (1), called a reducer, comprising a gas inlet orifice (12), called gas, intended to propagate in the sound reducer, an expansion chamber (2) and a communicating channel (3) with said expansion chamber and extending, along an axis (8), called the axis of the channel, from the expansion chamber towards a gas outlet orifice (13) outside the reducer; an axis of revolution of the inlet orifice of the reducer and an axis of revolution of the outlet orifice of the reducer are parallel to the axis of the channel (8); the reducer further comprises an absorption zone (4) of a sound wave produced by the gases, said absorption zone envelops, at least in part, said channel; the sound wave absorption zone is constituted, at least in part, by a one-piece architectural material and is arranged so that part of the gases circulates from the channel through the architectural material to an external wall ( 11) architectural material delimiting the absorption zone; the one-piece architectural material comprises a set of elementary patterns (5), called patterns, forming the one-piece structure of the architectural material, at least part of the patterns:

- are closed and delimited by a wall (51) forming a cavity (7),

- comprise at least two orifices (6) through which the cavity of each of the patterns of the at least part of the patterns communicates with the exterior of the cavity of each of the patterns of the at least part of the patterns 5.

2. Reducer (1) according to claim 1, in which a distance, extending along a plane perpendicular to the axis of the channel (8), between the channel (3) and at least part of the external wall (11 ) of the architectural material varies according to the axis of the channel.

3. Reducer (1) according to claim 1 or 2, in which each of the patterns (5) has a three-dimensional structure and at least part of the patterns has a hollow three-dimensional structure; the absorption zone (4) is arranged so that part of the gases circulates through the orifices (6) and the cavities (7) of the patterns of the at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone.

4. Reducer (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the channel (3) extends through a succession of patterns (5) of the architectural material.

5. Reducer (1) according to claim 4, in which the channel (3) is formed by a series of openings (14) formed in the wall (51) of each of the patterns (5) of the succession of patterns through which the canal extends.

6. Reducer (1) according to any one of claims 3 to 5, in which several of the patterns (5) of the succession of patterns through which the channel extends (3) comprise at least one orifice (6); the orifices of the patterns of the succession of patterns are arranged so that part of the gases circulating in the channel penetrate into the absorption zone.

7. Reducer (1) according to any one of claims 3 to 6, in which several of the patterns (5) of the succession of patterns through which the channel (3) extends comprise at least two orifices (6); the at least two orifices of a considered pattern of the succession of patterns are arranged so that part of the gases circulating in the channel penetrate into at least two distinct patterns of the absorption zone (4).

8. Reducer (1) according to any one of claims 3 to 7, in which several patterns of at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone comprise six orifices and:

- an axis of revolution of an orifice of one of the patterns of the at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone and an axis of revolution of an orifice of another of the patterns of the at least one part of the patterns of the absorption zone form an angle between 0 and 45° relative to an axis parallel to the axis of the channel, and

- an axis of revolution of an orifice of one of the patterns of the at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone and an axis of revolution of an orifice of another of the patterns of the at least one part of the patterns of the absorption zone form an angle of between 0 and 45° relative to a perpendicular axis, called the longitudinal axis, to the axis of the channel,

- an axis of revolution of an orifice of one of the patterns of the at least part of the patterns of the absorption zone and an axis of revolution of an orifice of another of the patterns of the at least one part of the patterns of the absorption zone form an angle of between 0 and 45° relative to an axis, called the vertical axis, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis and perpendicular to the axis of the channel.

9. Reducer (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one recess extending between the external wall (11) of the architectural material and an external wall (10) of the sound reducer.

10. Reducer (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising at least two vents (9) extending between the absorption zone (4) or between the channel (3) or between the absorption zone expansion (2) and an external wall (10) of the sound reducer, each of the vents being arranged so that part of the gases intended to circulate in the channel are evacuated, out of the sound reducer, through the at least two vents.

11. Reducer (1) according to claim 10, wherein the at least two vents (9) extend through patterns (5) of the architectural material.

12. Reducer (1) according to claim 10 or 11, in which the at least two vents (9) comprise two consecutive walls (16), along an axis parallel to the axis of the channel (8), facing each other. screw ; a tangent (25, 26) to a distal end (27, 28) of at least one of the two consecutive walls of a vent considered forms an angle less than 90° and greater than 0° with a normal plane (29, 30 ) to the axis of the channel intersecting the tangent to the distal end of at least one of the two consecutive walls of the vent considered.

13. Reducer (1) according to claim 10 or 11, in which for at least one of the vents (9) and at any point of an outlet surface (18) of at least one of the vents (9) considered, through which the gases are expelled from the reducer, a tangent (20) at a point on the outlet surface of at least one of the vents (9) considered forms an angle p, called projection angle, with a straight line s 'extending along the axis of the channel (8) from an intersection (24) of the tangent with the axis of the channel to the gas outlet (13) which is greater than 0° and less than 90°.

14. Reducer (1) according to any one of claims 10 or 11, in which a distance, extending along an axis parallel to the axis of the channel (8), separating two consecutive walls (16), along an axis parallel to the axis of the channel, of a vent, called the section of a vent, increases and/or decreases, for at least one of the vents (9), in a direction in which the at least one mainly extends vent from the absorption zone (4) or from the channel (3) or from the expansion chamber (2) to the outer wall of the sound reducer (10).

15. Reducer (1) according to any one of claims 10 or 11, in which a distance, extending along an axis parallel to the axis of the channel (8), separating two consecutive walls 16, along an axis parallel to the axis of the channel, facing a vent, called the section of a vent, increases between two consecutive vents in a direction connecting the gas inlet orifice (12) and the outlet orifice gas (13).