WO2023179121A1 - 医疗内窥镜设备及医疗内窥镜摄像系统 - Google Patents

医疗内窥镜设备及医疗内窥镜摄像系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023179121A1
WO2023179121A1 PCT/CN2022/139782 CN2022139782W WO2023179121A1 WO 2023179121 A1 WO2023179121 A1 WO 2023179121A1 CN 2022139782 W CN2022139782 W CN 2022139782W WO 2023179121 A1 WO2023179121 A1 WO 2023179121A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
optical
detection
trigger
component
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/139782
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曾强
胡莲
石强勇
徐涛
Original Assignee
深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司 filed Critical 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司
Priority to CN202280072479.2A priority Critical patent/CN118139574A/zh
Priority to CN202310313318.4A priority patent/CN116548893A/zh
Publication of WO2023179121A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023179121A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and specifically to medical endoscope equipment and medical endoscope camera systems.
  • Rigid tube endoscopes are mainly used for the diagnosis and/or treatment of lesions in the natural orifice of the superficial and shallow parts of the human body and the oral tract opened by puncture, such as cystoscopy and hysteroscopy. Rigid tube endoscopes cannot be bent during operation.
  • Rigid tube endoscopes mainly include cameras, light sources, light guides, rigid tube endoscopes, optical bayonet, camera host and monitors.
  • the camera includes an optical component and an operating part (commonly called a handwheel).
  • the operating part is used to drive the optical component for focus adjustment.
  • the Chinese patent application with application number 201580000890.9 discloses an operating device for medical equipment.
  • the operating device can be used in endoscope cameras.
  • the handwheel is detected through a magnetic encoder solution. rotation angle to achieve the focusing function.
  • a medical endoscopic device including:
  • An insertion part the insertion part includes a front end and a rear end, the front end of the insertion part is used to insert the patient's part to be observed, and collect the image light reflected and/or excited by the patient's part to be observed;
  • the camera includes:
  • optical component the optical component is docked with the rear end of the insertion part
  • Image sensor assembly, the optical assembly and the image sensor assembly are relatively movable, the optical assembly is used to irradiate the image light collected by the insertion part to the image sensor assembly, the image sensor assembly is Obtaining the image light and generating an image signal according to the image light, the image signal is used to generate a visible image of the patient's part to be observed;
  • a driving device is connected with the optical component and/or the image sensor component, and the driving device is used to drive at least one of the optical component and the image sensor component to move to adjust the optical component.
  • the detection device includes an optical triggering member and an optical detection member. At least one of the optical triggering member and the optical detection member is provided in conjunction with the operating member. The rotation of the operating member can cause the optical triggering member and the Relative rotation between the optical detection parts;
  • the optical trigger is provided with a trigger area
  • the optical detection component is used to emit detection light to the trigger area, and the trigger area is used to reflect or transmit the detection light; the detection light is irradiated to the trigger area as the operating member rotates. At different positions, the optical detection component is also used to receive the detection light reflected or transmitted by the trigger zone, and generate differential electrical signals based on the reflected or transmitted detection light; the driving device is based on The differential electrical signal drives at least one of the optical component and the image sensor component to move to adjust the optical path distance between the optical component and the image sensor component to achieve focus adjustment.
  • the different electrical signals can be used to at least determine the rotation angle of the operating member.
  • the reflection or transmission of the detection light at different positions of the trigger area can form differential reflected light or transmitted light
  • the optical detection element is also used to receive the differential reflected light or transmitted light. Transmit light, and generate the differential electrical signal based on the differential reflected light or transmitted light.
  • the trigger area includes several sub-trigger areas arranged along the circumferential direction, and the adjacent sub-trigger areas have different light reflectivities or transmittances.
  • each of the sub-triggering areas has the same width in the circumferential direction, and/or the adjacent sub-triggering areas have the same spacing.
  • the light reflectivity or transmittance of the several sub-triggering areas increases or decreases along the circumferential direction.
  • the trigger area includes alternately arranged first sub-trigger areas and second sub-trigger areas, and the first sub-trigger areas and the second sub-trigger areas have different light reflectivities or transmittances. .
  • the optical detection component is used to emit first detection light and second detection light
  • the electrical signal includes a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal, the first detection light and the second detection light
  • the detection light is used to illuminate different positions of the trigger zone at the same time; the reflection or transmission of the first detection light by the trigger zone forms a first reflected light or a first transmitted light, and the trigger zone has a negative impact on the second detection light.
  • the reflection or transmission of light forms a second reflected light or a second transmitted light.
  • the optical detecting element is also used to receive the first reflected light or the first transmitted light and generate a first electrical signal.
  • the optical detecting element is also used to receive the first reflected light or the first transmitted light and generate a first electrical signal.
  • the first electrical signal and/or the second electrical signal being used to calculate the rotation angle of the operating member,
  • the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal are used to jointly determine the rotation direction of the operating member.
  • the second detection light irradiates the second sub-trigger area
  • the first detection light irradiates the second sub-trigger area.
  • the second detection light is irradiated to the first sub-trigger area.
  • the first electrical signal includes a first pulse signal
  • the second electrical signal includes a second pulse signal
  • the pulse phase difference between the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal is 90°.
  • the optical detection component includes a first optical detection component and a second optical detection component, and the first optical detection component is used to emit the first detection light and receive the first reflected light or the second optical detection component. a transmitted light, and generate the first electrical signal; the second optical detection component is used to emit the second detection light and receive the second reflected light or the second transmitted light, and generate the second electrical signal. Signal.
  • the trigger zone has gradual light reflectivity or transmittance along the circumferential direction.
  • the gradient light reflectance or transmittance is a linearly changing light reflectance or transmittance.
  • the optical trigger has a side plane, the central axis of relative rotation between the optical trigger and the optical detection member is perpendicular to the side plane, and the trigger area is disposed on the side plane.
  • the optical trigger has a cylindrical surface, the central axis of the cylindrical surface coincides with the central axis of relative rotation between the optical trigger and the optical detection component, and the trigger area is provided on the cylindrical surface superior.
  • the optical detection element has a transmitting end and a receiving end, the triggering area is used to reflect the detection light, and the transmitting end and the receiving end are located on the same side of the optical triggering element; and /Or, the trigger area is used to transmit the detection light, and the transmitting end and the receiving end are located on both sides of the optical triggering member.
  • the optical path environment of the optical component and the optical path environment of the detection device are isolated from each other.
  • it also includes a lens barrel, the optical component is arranged in the lens barrel, the optical path environment of the optical component is located inside the lens barrel, and the optical path environment of the detection device is located in the lens barrel. outside.
  • the operating member is located outside the lens barrel, the operating member can rotate relative to the lens barrel, the operating member and/or the lens barrel is provided with an annular groove, and the detection The device is located within said annular groove.
  • the operating member is provided with an annular groove
  • the optical triggering member is located on an axial side wall of the annular groove
  • the optical detection member is provided on the lens barrel.
  • the annular groove has an axial opening, and the axial opening is provided with a first sealing member.
  • the camera is provided with a sealed cavity, and the detection device is located in the sealed cavity.
  • the optical component and the image sensor component are located in the sealed cavity.
  • the camera is provided with a sealed cavity
  • the optical triggering member is located outside the sealed cavity
  • the optical detection member is located inside the sealed cavity
  • a second sealing member is provided between the optical triggering member and the optical detection member.
  • the second sealing member is a part of the sealed cavity, and the detection light can pass through it. The second seal.
  • the second sealing member is a transparent or translucent structure.
  • the second sealing member is a structure capable of allowing special light to pass through, and the detection light includes special light.
  • a medical endoscopic device including:
  • An insertion part the insertion part includes a front end and a rear end, the front end of the insertion part is used to insert the patient's part to be observed, and collect the image light reflected and/or excited by the patient's part to be observed;
  • the camera includes:
  • optical component the optical component is docked with the rear end of the insertion part
  • Image sensor assembly, the optical assembly and the image sensor assembly are relatively movable, the optical assembly is used to irradiate the image light collected by the insertion part to the image sensor assembly, the image sensor assembly is Obtaining the image light and generating an image signal according to the image light, the image signal is used to generate a visible image of the patient's part to be observed;
  • a driving device is connected with the optical component and/or the image sensor component, and the driving device is used to drive at least one of the optical component and the image sensor component to move to adjust the optical component.
  • the operating part can rotate relative to the fixed part, and one of the operating part and the fixed part is provided with a trigger zone;
  • the detection device includes an optical detection component, the optical detection component is arranged on the other of the operating component and the fixing component, and the rotation of the operating component can cause the trigger area and the optical detection component to relative rotation between;
  • the optical detection component is used to emit detection light to the trigger area, and the trigger area is used to reflect or transmit the detection light.
  • the detection light is irradiated to the trigger area as the operating member rotates.
  • the optical detection component is also used to receive the detection light reflected or transmitted by the trigger zone, and generate differential electrical signals based on the reflected or transmitted detection light; the driving device is based on The differential electrical signal drives at least one of the optical component and the image sensor component to move to adjust the optical path distance between the optical component and the image sensor component to achieve focus adjustment.
  • the different electrical signals can be used to at least determine the rotation angle of the operating member.
  • the reflection or transmission of the detection light at different positions of the trigger area can form differential reflected light or transmitted light
  • the optical detection element is also used to receive the differential reflected light or transmitted light. Transmit light, and generate the differential electrical signal based on the differential reflected light or transmitted light.
  • the trigger area includes several sub-trigger areas arranged along the circumferential direction, and the adjacent sub-trigger areas have different light reflectivities or transmittances.
  • the light reflectivity or transmittance of the several sub-triggering areas increases or decreases along the circumferential direction.
  • the trigger area includes alternately arranged first sub-trigger areas and second sub-trigger areas, and the first sub-trigger areas and the second sub-trigger areas have different light reflectivities or transmittances. .
  • the optical detection component is used to emit first detection light and second detection light
  • the electrical signal includes a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal, the first detection light and the second detection light
  • the detection light is used to illuminate different positions of the trigger zone at the same time; the reflection or transmission of the first detection light by the trigger zone forms a first reflected light or a first transmitted light, and the trigger zone has a negative impact on the second detection light.
  • the reflection or transmission of light forms a second reflected light or a second transmitted light.
  • the optical detection component is also used to receive the first reflected light or the first transmitted light and generate a first electrical signal.
  • the optical detection component is also used to receive the second reflected light or the second transmitted light and generate a second electrical signal.
  • the first electrical signal and/or the second electrical signal is used to calculate the rotation of the operating component. Angle, the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal are used to jointly determine the rotation direction of the operating member.
  • the second detection light irradiates the second sub-trigger area
  • the first detection light irradiates the second sub-trigger area.
  • the second detection light is irradiated to the first sub-trigger area.
  • the first electrical signal includes a first pulse signal
  • the second electrical signal includes a second pulse signal
  • the trigger zone has gradual light reflectivity or transmittance along the circumferential direction.
  • the trigger zone has linearly varying light reflectivity or transmittance along the circumferential direction.
  • a medical endoscopic device including:
  • Detection device including optical trigger part and optical detection part
  • At least one of the optical triggering member and the optical detection member is used to be arranged in conjunction with the operating member, and the rotation of the operating member can cause relative rotation between the optical triggering member and the optical detection member;
  • the optical trigger is provided with a trigger area
  • the optical detection component is used to emit detection light to the trigger area, and the trigger area is used to reflect or transmit the detection light; the detection light is irradiated to the trigger area as the operating member rotates. At different positions, the optical detection component is also used to receive the detection light reflected or transmitted by the trigger zone, and generate differential electrical signals based on the reflected or transmitted detection light; the differential Electrical signals are used for focusing of the medical endoscopic device.
  • the different electrical signals can be used to at least determine the rotation angle of the operating member.
  • the reflection or transmission of the detection light at different positions of the trigger area can form differential reflected light or transmitted light
  • the optical detection element is also used to receive the differential reflected light or transmitted light. Transmit light, and generate the differential electrical signal based on the differential reflected light or transmitted light.
  • the trigger area includes several sub-trigger areas arranged along the circumferential direction, and the adjacent sub-trigger areas have different light reflectivities or transmittances.
  • the medical endoscopic device according to claim 36 wherein the light reflectivity or transmittance of the plurality of sub-triggering areas increases or decreases along the circumferential direction.
  • the trigger area includes alternately arranged first sub-trigger areas and second sub-trigger areas, and the first sub-trigger areas and the second sub-trigger areas have different light reflectivities or transmittances. .
  • the optical detection component is used to emit first detection light and second detection light
  • the electrical signal includes a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal, the first detection light and the second detection light
  • the detection light is used to illuminate different positions of the trigger zone at the same time; the reflection or transmission of the first detection light by the trigger zone forms a first reflected light or a first transmitted light, and the trigger zone has a negative impact on the second detection light.
  • the reflection or transmission of light forms a second reflected light or a second transmitted light.
  • the optical detection component is also used to receive the first reflected light or the first transmitted light and generate a first electrical signal.
  • the optical detection component is also used to receive the second reflected light or the second transmitted light and generate a second electrical signal.
  • the first electrical signal and/or the second electrical signal is used to calculate the rotation of the operating component. Angle, the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal are used to jointly determine the rotation direction of the operating member.
  • the second detection light irradiates the second sub-trigger area
  • the first detection light irradiates the second sub-trigger area.
  • the second detection light is irradiated to the first sub-trigger area.
  • the first electrical signal includes a first pulse signal
  • the second electrical signal includes a second pulse signal
  • the trigger zone has a gradual light reflectivity or transmittance along the circumferential direction.
  • the trigger zone has linearly varying light reflectivity or transmittance along the circumferential direction.
  • a medical endoscopic device including:
  • the operating part can rotate relative to the fixed part, and one of the operating part and the fixed part is provided with a trigger zone;
  • the detection device includes an optical detection component, the optical detection component is arranged on the other of the operating component and the fixing component, and the rotation of the operating component can cause the trigger area and the optical detection component to relative rotation between;
  • the optical detection component is used to emit detection light to the trigger area, the trigger area is used to reflect or transmit the detection light, and the optical detection component is also used to receive the detection light reflected or transmitted by the trigger area.
  • the light is detected, and a differentiated electrical signal is generated based on the reflected or transmitted detection light; the differentiated electrical signal is used for focusing of the medical endoscopic device.
  • the different electrical signals can be used to at least determine the rotation angle of the operating member.
  • the reflection or transmission of the detection light at different positions of the trigger area can form differential reflected light or transmitted light
  • the optical detection element is also used to receive the differential reflected light or transmitted light. Transmit light, and generate the differential electrical signal based on the differential reflected light or transmitted light.
  • the trigger area includes several sub-trigger areas arranged along the circumferential direction, and the adjacent sub-trigger areas have different light reflectivities or transmittances.
  • the light reflectivity or transmittance of the several sub-triggering areas increases or decreases along the circumferential direction.
  • the trigger area includes alternately arranged first sub-trigger areas and second sub-trigger areas, and the first sub-trigger areas and the second sub-trigger areas have different light reflectivities or transmittances. .
  • the optical detection component is used to emit first detection light and second detection light
  • the electrical signal includes a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal, the first detection light and the second detection light
  • the detection light is used to illuminate different positions of the trigger zone at the same time; the reflection or transmission of the first detection light by the trigger zone forms a first reflected light or a first transmitted light, and the trigger zone has a negative impact on the second detection light.
  • the reflection or transmission of light forms a second reflected light or a second transmitted light.
  • the optical detection component is also used to receive the first reflected light or the first transmitted light and generate a first electrical signal.
  • the optical detection component is also used to receive the second reflected light or the second transmitted light and generate a second electrical signal.
  • the first electrical signal and/or the second electrical signal is used to calculate the rotation of the operating component. Angle, the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal are used to jointly determine the rotation direction of the operating member.
  • the second detection light irradiates the second sub-trigger area
  • the first detection light irradiates the second sub-trigger area.
  • the second detection light is irradiated to the first sub-trigger area.
  • the first electrical signal includes a first pulse signal
  • the second electrical signal includes a second pulse signal
  • the trigger zone has gradual light reflectivity or transmittance along the circumferential direction.
  • the trigger zone has linearly varying light reflectivity or transmittance along the circumferential direction.
  • a medical endoscope camera system including a light source, a light guide, a camera host, a display and the above-mentioned medical endoscope equipment, the light source is connected to the insertion part through the light guide, and the The illumination light and/or excitation light emitted by the light source is irradiated to the patient's part to be observed through the guide beam and the insertion part in sequence, and the camera host communicates with the camera head of the medical endoscopic equipment and the display signal respectively. Connected, the camera host is used to obtain the image signal, process it and output it to the display for display.
  • the detection device can emit light and receive light, and the trigger area of the detection device can reflect or transmit.
  • the detection light forms reflected light or transmitted light with differences.
  • the reflected light or transmitted light with differences can generate electrical signals with differences to characterize the rotation angle and/or rotation direction of the operating member, thereby being used to control the driving device to adjust the optical component. and the optical path distance between the image sensor assembly to achieve focus adjustment.
  • the operating part is an indirect focusing, and the operating part is an indirect driving part, which removes the rotation restriction of the operating part, allowing the operating part to rotate arbitrarily. Greatly improves the feel of use and increases the focusing range. .
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a medical endoscope device in an embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a camera in an embodiment
  • Figure 3 is a partial axial cross-sectional view of a medical endoscopic device in one embodiment
  • Figure 4 is a partial perspective cross-sectional view of a medical endoscopic device in an embodiment
  • Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of A in Figure 3;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical trigger (grating code disk) in an embodiment
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical detection component (photoelectric encoding chip) in an embodiment
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical trigger (grating code disk) in an embodiment
  • Figure 9 is a partial schematic diagram of a grating code disk in an embodiment
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a first pulse signal and a second pulse signal in an embodiment
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection device in an embodiment
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical detection component (photoelectric switch) in an embodiment
  • Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a sealed cavity of a medical endoscopic device in an embodiment
  • Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment in which the optical trigger part and the optical detection part are respectively located inside and outside the sealed cavity;
  • Figure 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a medical endoscope camera system in an embodiment
  • 5-detection device 51-optical trigger, 51a-side plane, 51b-cylinder, 511-trigger area, 5111-first sub-trigger area, 5112-second sub-trigger area, 52-optical detection part, 52a- Transmitting end, 52b-receiving end, 521-first optical detection part, 522-second optical detection part, 53-mounting base, 54-signal connection line, 55-annular disk, 551-convex strip;
  • 1000-Medical endoscope camera system 10-light source, 20-light guide, 30-insertion part, 40-optical bayonet, 50-camera, 81-communication cable, 60-camera host, 70-monitor, 82- Video cable, 100-patient area to be observed.
  • the detection device may include various forms.
  • the detection device includes a contact detection device and a non-contact detection device.
  • the contact detection device includes a conductive disk and a probe.
  • the conductive disk is arranged on the operating part.
  • the conductive disk is provided with alternating conductive areas and non-conductive areas, or alternating high-resistance areas and low-resistance areas.
  • the conductive disk rotates with the operating member, the conductive needles will come into contact with alternating conductive areas and non-conductive areas, forming a pulse signal.
  • the pulse signal the operating amount of the operating member can be calculated, and the focus of the image sensor assembly can be adjusted based on the operating amount. parameter.
  • the non-contact detection device includes a photoelectric detection device and a magnetic induction detection device.
  • the photoelectric detection device detects by detecting light
  • the magnetic induction detection device detects by detecting changes in the magnetic field.
  • the photoelectric detection includes an optical triggering part and an optical detection part.
  • the optical triggering part is arranged on the operating part, and the optical triggering part has a triggering area.
  • the optical detection component can emit detection light and receive detection light reflected or transmitted by the optical triggering component.
  • the optical detection element can emit detection light to different positions of the trigger area of the optical trigger element. Different positions of the trigger area of the optical trigger element are used to reflect or transmit the detection light to form differential reflected light or transmitted light.
  • the optical trigger element As the operating member rotates, the optical detection component emits detection light to different positions in the trigger area.
  • the optical detection component obtains differential reflected light or transmitted light, which can form differential electrical signals (such as pulse signals). This electrical signal can calculate the operating amount of the operating member.
  • the detection device of this application adopts a non-contact photoelectric detection device.
  • the non-contact detection device has the advantages of higher detection accuracy and longer service life.
  • the contact detection device has a lower service life and is prone to errors. contact phenomenon.
  • photoelectric detection devices have the advantages of low interference and high detection accuracy. Magnetic induction detection devices are easily affected by environmental magnetic fields. In particular, small environmental magnetic fields can cause large detection errors.
  • the detection device of the present application can be arranged in a sealed cavity, or the optical detection parts involved in electrical connection in the detection device can be arranged in the sealed cavity, so that the medical endoscope equipment equipped with the detection device can be sterilized by high temperature and immersion. disinfect.
  • the medical endoscope equipment of this application can be a camera of a medical endoscope.
  • the camera has a miniaturized structure, and the doctor can hold the camera for use.
  • Setting up a detection device in the miniaturized camera requires optimizing and improving the existing component structure.
  • an accommodation cavity is provided between the operating part (handwheel) and the lens barrel, and a mounting groove is provided on the surface of the operating part facing the lens barrel, or a mounting groove is provided on the surface of the lens barrel facing the operating part, both of which The provided installation groove encloses an accommodating cavity.
  • the detection device is arranged in the accommodation cavity between the operating part and the lens barrel. When the shape and size of the operating part and the lens barrel remain unchanged, the space for accommodating the detection device is increased, that is, the medical endoscope equipment is kept miniaturized. Under the premise, the detection of the rotation angle and direction of the operating part is realized.
  • connection and “connection” mentioned in this application include direct and indirect connections (connections) unless otherwise specified.
  • the front end in this article refers to the end close to the patient, and the back end is the end far away from the patient.
  • a medical endoscope device may include a camera and an insertion part.
  • the camera adopts an indirect drive method to achieve focus adjustment, using the operating member as a reference target, and adding a detection device and a driver.
  • the device has a detection device to monitor the user's operation amount of rotating the operating member, and then controls the driving device to drive the optical component to move and adjust the focus according to the operation amount.
  • the medical endoscope device of this embodiment mainly includes an insertion part 30 and a camera 50 .
  • the insertion part 30 may be a rigid endoscope.
  • the insertion part 30 has a front end and a rear end.
  • the insertion part 30 has an illumination channel and an imaging channel.
  • the illumination channel may include light guides such as optical fibers, and the imaging channel may include imaging components such as imaging lenses.
  • the front end of the insertion part 30 is used to insert the patient's part to be observed, and irradiate illumination light and/or excitation light to the patient's part to be observed through the lighting channel.
  • the patient's part to be observed can reflect the illumination light, or the patient's part to be observed can also be stimulated.
  • Light excitation generates excitation light (eg fluorescence), and the insertion part 30 is also used to collect illumination light and/or excitation light reflected from the patient's part to be observed.
  • the image light collected by the insertion part 30 can be transmitted to the camera 50 through the imaging channel.
  • the camera 50 can obtain the image light collected by the insertion part 30 and generate an image signal (electrical signal) based on the image light.
  • the image signal is used to generate a visible image of the patient's part to be observed.
  • the camera 50 can transmit the image signal to the camera host to take the picture.
  • the host processes the image signal to generate a visible image of the patient's part to be observed, and outputs the visible image to the display 70 for display.
  • the medical endoscope device only includes a camera 50.
  • the front end of the camera 50 is connected to an insertion part 30, and the rear end of the camera 50 is connected to the camera host to perform imaging and observation of the patient's part to be observed.
  • the camera 50 mainly includes an optical component 1, an image sensor component 2, a driving device 3, an operating component 4, a detection device 5, a handle 6 and a lens barrel 7.
  • the handle 6 mainly includes a shell part.
  • the handle 6 includes a front end and a rear end. There is a cavity inside the handle 6.
  • the front end of the handle 6 can be detachably connected to the rear end of the insertion part 30.
  • the rear end of the handle 6 can be connected to a cable.
  • the cable Can be plugged into the camera host.
  • Buttons can be set on the outside of the handle 6, and the buttons can be used for imaging control and adjustment.
  • the lens barrel 7 is located in the cavity of the handle 6.
  • the front end of the lens barrel 7 is exposed from the handle 6 for connecting to the optical bayonet 40.
  • the optical bayonet 40 can fixedly connect the front end of the lens barrel 7 and the rear end of the insertion part 30 together.
  • the bayonet 40 can realize the detachable connection between the insertion part 30 and the camera 50 .
  • the rear end of the lens barrel 7 is connected to the image sensor assembly 2 .
  • the optical component 1 is used to obtain the image light collected by the insertion part 30 and provide a transmission optical path for the image light.
  • the optical component 1 is located in the lens barrel 7.
  • the front end of the optical component 1 is used for optical docking with the rear end of the insertion part 30.
  • the optical docking can be a direct contact docking between the two components, or a spaced docking, while ensuring that the front and rear parts are connected.
  • the optical axes of the two components are aligned so that the imaging light collected by the insertion part 30 can be transmitted to the optical assembly 1 .
  • the optical assembly 1 includes a fixed optical group 11 and an adjustable optical group 12 .
  • the fixed optical group 11 is fixedly installed in the lens barrel 7.
  • the fixed optical group 11 includes a fixed lens base and a fixed lens.
  • One or more fixed lenses are installed in the fixed lens base.
  • the adjustable optical group 12 is axially movable and disposed in the lens barrel 7 .
  • the adjustable optical group 12 can move axially relative to the fixed optical group 11 to achieve focus-adjusted imaging.
  • the adjustable optical group 12 includes an adjustable lens base and an adjustable lens.
  • One or more adjustable lenses are installed in the adjustable lens base.
  • the adjustable lens base and the adjustable lens move together axially as an integral structure. In other embodiments, only the adjustable lens can be moved, and the adjustable lens base is a fixed component.
  • the image sensor assembly 2 is installed in the cavity of the handle 6.
  • the image sensor assembly 2 is used to receive the image light transmitted by the optical assembly 1 and convert the image light into an image signal (electrical signal).
  • the image sensor assembly 2 is also connected signally to the driving device 3 and the detection device 5 .
  • the back end of the image sensor assembly 2 can be provided with a control circuit for acquiring the electrical signal generated by the detection device 5 detecting the rotation of the operating member 4, and controlling the driving device 3 to drive the adjustable optical group 12 in the optical assembly 1 to move based on the electrical signal, to achieve focusing.
  • the control circuit can also be provided on the camera host, and the camera host transmits the control signal to the camera to control the driving device 3 to adjust the focus.
  • the image sensor assembly 2 mainly includes a housing 21 and an image sensor 22.
  • the front end of the housing 21 is connected to the lens barrel 7 through the front cover 8, and the rear end of the lens barrel 7 is docked with the housing 21.
  • the image sensor 22 is installed in the housing 21 through a mounting structure such as a bracket, and the image sensor 22 is aligned with the fixed optical group 11 and the adjustable optical group 12 along the optical axis, so that the fixed optical group 11 and the adjustable optical group 12 transmit Image light can be irradiated onto the image sensor 22 .
  • the control circuit may also be installed in the housing 21 and located at the rear end of the image sensor 22 , and the image sensor 22 is signally connected to the control circuit.
  • the control circuit may be provided on an independent circuit board, and the control circuit may include a control chip and related circuit modules.
  • the driving device 3 is installed in the cavity of the handle 6.
  • the driving device 3 includes a motor 31, a screw 32 and a slider 33.
  • the driving device 3 is arranged in the housing 21.
  • the driving device 3 is connected to the housing 21 through a mounting structure such as a fixed frame.
  • the motor 31 can be a stepper motor.
  • the screw rod 32 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 31.
  • the slider 33 has a threaded hole and a through hole.
  • the slider 33 is axially movably connected to the screw 32 through the threaded hole.
  • the slider 33 is connected to the screw 32.
  • Adjustment optical group 12 is connected. The forward and reverse rotation of the motor 31 is used to drive the slider 33 to move forward or backward in the axial direction, so that the driving device 3 can drive the adjustable optical group 12 to move accurately in the axial direction.
  • the driving device 3 includes a linear motor, and the output end of the linear motor is directly connected to the adjustable optical group 12, which can also achieve precise axial adjustment of the adjustable optical group 12.
  • the driving device 3 is located in the cavity of the handle 6, and the driving device 3 is connected to the lens barrel 1.
  • the lens barrel 1 supports and fixes the driving device 3.
  • the optical assembly 1 only includes a fixed optical group 11
  • the image sensor assembly 2 includes a movable image sensor 22
  • the image sensor 22 is axially movably disposed in the housing 21
  • the driving device 3 is disposed on the handle 6 In the cavity, or arranged in the housing 21, the driving device 3 is used to drive the image sensor to move to adjust the optical path distance between the fixed optical group 11 and the image sensor 22 to achieve focus adjustment.
  • the driving device 3 may include two, one driving device is connected to the adjustable optical group 12, and the other driving device is connected to the image sensor 22.
  • the image sensor 22 is disposed on the housing and can move axially along the optical axis.
  • the two driving devices 3 can be driven simultaneously or separately to adjust the optical path distance between the optical component 1 and the image sensor component 2 to achieve focus adjustment.
  • the motor 31 can be electrically connected to a control circuit at the rear end of the image sensor 22.
  • the control circuit is used to control the number of rotations and the direction of rotation of the motor 31, thereby controlling the moving direction and moving distance of the adjustable optical group 12.
  • the operating member 4 may be a ring-shaped handwheel.
  • the operating member 4 is a focusing operating member.
  • the operating member 4 rotates according to the user's operation to indirectly adjust the imaging focal length of the optical component 1 to achieve focus adjustment.
  • the operating member 4 is rotatably mounted on the lens barrel 7, and the operating member 4 can rotate forward and reverse at any 360° relative to the lens barrel 7.
  • the operating member 4 is an annular structure.
  • the operating member 4 is provided with an annular groove 41 .
  • the annular groove 41 has a radial opening, and the radial opening faces the lens barrel 7 .
  • the annular groove 41 is used to accommodate the detection device 5 .
  • the detection device 5 is used to detect the operation amount of the operating member 4, that is, to detect the rotation angle and direction of the operating member 4.
  • the annular groove 41 of the operating part 4 has an axial opening, and the axial opening faces the rear end direction of the operating part 4.
  • a first seal 42 is installed at the axial opening. The first seal 42 seals the detection device 5 in the annular groove. in the groove 41 to protect the detection device 5 and avoid optical interference of the detection device 5 by external light.
  • the lens barrel 7 isolates the optical path environment of the optical component 1 and the optical path environment of the detection device 5 from each other, so that the optical path environment of the optical component 1 and the optical path environment of the detection device 5 do not interfere with each other, which is beneficial to improving imaging quality and detection accuracy.
  • the optical path environment of the optical component 1 refers to the space where the imaging light is transmitted
  • the optical path environment of the detection device 5 refers to the space where the detection light is located.
  • the two spaces are physically isolated from each other, and the imaging light and detection light cannot merge with each other.
  • the detection device 5 includes an optical trigger 51 and an optical detection component 52.
  • the optical trigger 51 is fixed to the shaft in the annular groove 41 of the operating member 4 by adhesion or other means.
  • the other side of the optical trigger 51 relative to the bonding surface is a side plane 51a.
  • the central axis of relative rotation between the optical trigger 51 and the optical detection member 52 is perpendicular to the side plane 51a.
  • a trigger area 511 is provided on the side plane 51a.
  • 511 may be an annular area.
  • the trigger area 511 is provided with alternating first sub-trigger areas 5111 and second sub-trigger areas 5112 along the circumferential direction of the annular area.
  • the first sub-trigger area 5111 and the second sub-trigger area 5112 have Different light reflectivities, for example, the first sub-trigger area 5111 can achieve close to 100% total reflection, and the second sub-trigger area 5112 can achieve close to 0% zero reflection (or total absorption) or 50% semi-reflection.
  • the detection device 5 can be a photoelectric coding detection device
  • the optical trigger 51 can be a grating code disk with a ring structure
  • the first sub-trigger area 5111 can be a light surface area to achieve greater reflectivity
  • the second sub-trigger area 5112 It can be a hollow area without reflection, that is, the light directly passes through the second sub-triggering area.
  • the detection light passes through the hollow second sub-trigger area 5112 and is illuminated on the operating member 4.
  • the corresponding area on the operating member 4 is set as a low-reflective surface such as a diffuse reflection surface, so that the detection light passes through the second sub-trigger area 5112.
  • the light reflectivity formed by the area 5112 is also smaller than the light reflectivity of the first sub-triggering area 5111, thus enabling detection.
  • the operating part 4 can be made of rubber material
  • the grating code disk is made of metal
  • the grating holes of the grating code disk are the second sub-triggering area 5112
  • the metal area between the grating holes of the grating code disc is the second sub-triggering area 5112.
  • the first sub-trigger area 5111 and the second sub-trigger area 5112 are located on an annular plane.
  • the surface of the operating part 4 connected to the grating code disk is pasted with a light-absorbing layer
  • the other surface of the grating code disk connected to the operating part 4 is pasted with a reflective layer with holes, which can also realize the first sub-trigger area 5111 and the second sub-trigger area 5112. settings, the materials of the operating part 4 and the grating code disk can be selected arbitrarily.
  • the first sub-trigger area 5111 and the second sub-trigger area 5112 may have the same central angle span, that is, the sector area of the grating hole is equal to the area area between the grating holes in shape and size.
  • the first sub-trigger area 5111 and the second sub-trigger area 5112 has the same width in the circumferential direction, so that when the detection light is illuminated along the circumferential path out of the trigger area 511, it can pass through the first sub-trigger area 5111 and the second sub-trigger area 5112 and will travel the same track length. , which is conducive to improving the accurate detection of rotation angle and rotation direction.
  • the optical trigger 51 can be a disk without holes, and the first sub-trigger area 5111 and the second sub-trigger area 5112 are respectively surfaces with different reflectivities, such as the first sub-trigger area 5111 and the second sub-trigger area 5111.
  • the two sub-trigger areas 5112 are coated with different types or different densities of reflective coatings, which can also enable the first sub-trigger area 5111 and the second sub-trigger area 5112 to reflect different reflected light.
  • the optical trigger 51 is a ring-shaped structure or a cylindrical structure.
  • the optical trigger 51 has a cylindrical surface 51b.
  • the cylindrical surface 51b is the circumferential outer surface of the optical trigger 51.
  • the cylindrical surface The central axis coincides with the central axis of relative rotation between the optical triggering part 51 and the optical detecting part 52 .
  • a trigger area 511 is provided on the cylinder 51b, and the trigger area 511 includes alternating first sub-trigger areas 5111 and second sub-trigger areas 5112.
  • the optical detection member 52 is arranged outside the ring-shaped structure or the cylindrical structure, and can also detect the rotation of the operating member 4 .
  • the optical detection component 52 includes a transmitting end 52a and a receiving end 51b.
  • the transmitting end 52a and the receiving end 51b are arranged side by side on the same side of the optical trigger 51.
  • the transmitting end 52a is used to emit detection light to illuminate the optical trigger.
  • the receiving end 51b is used to receive the differential detection light reflected by the trigger area 511.
  • the optical detection component 52 generates a differential electrical signal based on the received differential detection light.
  • the optical detection component 52 generates The electrical signal is transmitted to the control circuit.
  • the control circuit calculates the rotation angle and direction of the operating member 4 based on the different electrical signals, and controls the driving device 3 to drive the adjustable optical group 12 to move to achieve focusing and zooming.
  • the electrical signal may be a pulse signal, and the control circuit may calculate the rotation angle of the operating member 4 based on the number of pulses.
  • the trigger area 511 is provided with alternating first sub-trigger areas 5111 and second sub-trigger areas 5112. Since all first sub-trigger areas 5111 have the same first reflectivity, all second sub-trigger areas 5111 have the same first reflectivity.
  • the trigger area 5112 has the same second reflectivity, and the first reflectivity and the second reflectivity are different. Therefore, only the rotation angle of the operating member 4 can be detected using a single detection light.
  • the optical detection component 52 needs to emit two detection lights, that is, the optical detection component 52 is used to emit the first detection light and the second detection light. The first detection light and the second detection light are used to irradiate different sub-trigger areas.
  • the second detection light irradiates the second sub-trigger area 5112.
  • the first detection light is irradiated on the second sub-trigger area 5112
  • the second detection light is irradiated on the first sub-trigger area 5111.
  • the first detection light and the second detection light are irradiated on the trigger area 511 with different reflectivities, so that the first detection light and the second detection light simultaneously generate the first reflected light and the second reflected light with differences, and the first detection light with the differences.
  • the first reflected light and the second reflected light can be used to calculate the rotation direction of the operating member 4 .
  • the optical detection component 52 includes two transmitting ends 52a and two receiving ends 52b.
  • the two transmitting ends 52a and the two receiving ends 52b form two sets of one-to-one corresponding transceiver devices.
  • the optical detection component 52 includes a first transmitting end and a second transmitting end, and also includes a first receiving end and a second receiving end. The first transmitting end corresponds to the first receiving end, and the second transmitting end corresponds to the second receiving end.
  • the optical detection component 52 may include a photoelectric coding chip.
  • the photoelectric coding chip includes a luminescent LED light source and a light signal detection circuit.
  • the luminous LED is the transmitting end 52a of the photoelectric coding chip.
  • the light signal detection circuit is provided with a photosensitive receiving tube, and the photosensitive receiving tube is the receiving end. 52b.
  • the light-emitting LED can form two channels of emitted light through a lens to form a first emitting end and a second emitting end.
  • the first emitting end is used to emit the first detection light
  • the second emitting end is used to emit the second detection light.
  • the optical signal detection circuit is provided with two photosensitive receiving tubes, and the two photosensitive receiving tubes are respectively the first receiving end and the second receiving end.
  • the first receiving end is used to receive the first detection light reflected by the first sub-trigger area 5111 of the grating code disk, and the photoelectric encoding chip generates a first electrical signal based on the emitted and received first detection light; the second receiving end is used to receive the grating The second detection light reflected by the second sub-trigger area 5112 of the code disk, the photoelectric encoding chip generates a second electrical signal based on the second detection light emitted and received.
  • the first electrical signal includes a first pulse signal
  • the second electrical signal includes a second pulse signal
  • the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal are pulse signals with a phase difference
  • the phase difference can be used to determine whether the operating member 4 direction of rotation.
  • the first transmitting end and the second transmitting end of the photoelectric encoding chip are arranged side by side in the radial direction, and the first receiving end and the second receiving end of the photoelectric encoding chip are also arranged side by side in the radial direction, so that the first detection light emitted by the photoelectric encoding chip simultaneously
  • the first detection light and the second detection light are respectively irradiated on different circumferential positions of the grating code disk.
  • the first detection light and the second detection light received by the first receiving end and the second receiving end of the photoelectric encoding chip respectively have a phase between them. Difference.
  • the recording of the grating code disk has certain requirements, which stipulate that N (approximately equal to 11.7) grating lines (second reflective area 512) can be recorded per millimeter, and the grating lines are sector-shaped areas.
  • the central angle of the area is 0.21739°, and the central angle of the sector-shaped area between the grating lines is also 0.21739°. That is, the central angle of the sector-shaped area enclosed by the first sub-triggering area 5111 and the second sub-triggering area 5112 is 0.43478°.
  • the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal can respectively output CPR pulses.
  • phase difference between the generated first pulse signal and the second pulse signal is 90°.
  • the phase difference between the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal may also be 60° or other phase difference degrees.
  • the photoelectric encoding chip has a processing module, and the photoelectric encoding chip calculates the rotation angle and rotation direction of the operating member 4 by detecting the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal.
  • the photoelectric encoding chip also has a control module.
  • the photoelectric encoding chip is directly connected to the driving device 3.
  • the photoelectric encoding chip controls the driving device 3 to drive the optical component 1 to adjust the focus according to the calculated rotation angle and direction of the operating member 4. .
  • a mounting base 53 is installed on the outside of the lens barrel 7 through screws, and the optical detection component 52 is installed on the mounting base 53.
  • the mounting base 53 has an L-shaped structure.
  • the mounting base 53 has a radial mounting surface.
  • the photoelectric encoding chip is located on the mounting surface of the mounting base 53 so that the photoelectric encoding chip is axially aligned with the grating code disk.
  • the lens barrel 7 is also provided with a threading hole 71, and the photoelectric encoding chip is connected to the control circuit at the rear end of the image sensor 22 through a signal connection line 54.
  • One end of the signal connection line 54 is connected to the photoelectric encoding chip, and the other end of the signal connection line 54 passes through
  • the threading hole 71 extends into the housing 21 and is connected to the control circuit.
  • a light-shielding member 72 is also provided in the threading hole 71 .
  • the light-shielding member 72 is a rubber elastic plug or a cap or other structure.
  • the light-shielding member 72 blocks the threading hole 71 to prevent light from entering the lens barrel 7 .
  • the light shield 72 isolates the light path environment in the optical component 1 from the light path environment of the detection device 5 to prevent the detection light of the detection device 5 from affecting the imaging light transmitted in the optical component 1 .
  • the optical path environment of the detection device 5 is set in a closed space, which not only can be isolated from the optical path environment of the optical path assembly 1, but also facilitates high-temperature disinfection of the camera 50.
  • the sealed space can protect the detection device 5 from high-temperature sterilization, so that the camera 50 can meet the needs of clinical reuse.
  • the lens barrel 7 is not provided with a threading hole 71 , but is provided with a threading hole on the housing 21 .
  • the signal connection line 54 extends from the threading hole on the housing 21 to the housing 21 for connection with the control circuit. This can also be achieved.
  • the connection between the photoelectric encoding chip and the control circuit can also isolate the light path environment in the optical component 1 and the light path environment of the detection device 5 from each other.
  • the optical detection part 52 can be used to emit detection light such as laser, visible light, etc.
  • the trigger area 511 on the optical trigger 51 is used to reflect or transmit detection light such as laser, visible light, etc., to achieve forwarding to the operating part 4 Angle and rotation direction detection, and focus adjustment.
  • the optical detection component 52 can be used to emit ultrasonic waves, and the optical trigger 51 can be used to reflect ultrasonic waves.
  • the trigger area 511 on the optical trigger 51 can reflect ultrasonic waves of different intensities.
  • the optical detection component 52 collects different intensities by collecting The ultrasonic waves can generate differentiated electrical signals to detect the forwarding angle and rotation direction of the operating member 4 and achieve focus adjustment.
  • the optical detection member 52 can be used to emit excitation light.
  • the trigger area 511 of the optical trigger member 51 is coated with a substance that can be excited by the excitation light, and different positions are provided on the trigger area 511. density of the material, so that when the optical detection component 52 is used to emit excitation light to illuminate different positions on the trigger area 511, the trigger areas 511 at different positions will be excited to emit fluorescence with different energy densities.
  • the optical detection component 52 collects different energy densities by collecting The fluorescence can generate differential electrical signals to detect the forwarding angle and rotation direction of the operating member 4 and achieve focus adjustment.
  • the detection device 5 since a detection device 5 is provided, the detection device 5 is used to detect the rotation direction and angle of the operating member 4, and then drives the optical component 1 through the driving device 3 to adjust the focus.
  • the operating member 4 is indirectly driven. It removes the rotation restriction of the operating member 4, allowing the operating member 4 to rotate arbitrarily within 360° to indirectly drive the focus, which greatly improves the feel of use and increases the focus range.
  • the optical detection component 52 includes two photoelectric encoding chips.
  • the two photoelectric encoding chips have a transmitting end and a receiving end respectively.
  • the two photoelectric encoding chips are respectively arranged at different circumferential positions, so that the two The photoelectric encoding chip outputs two pulse signals with a phase difference, and can also calculate the rotation angle and direction of the operating member 4.
  • the optical detection component 52 includes a first optical detection component 521 and a second optical detection component 522.
  • the first optical detection component 521 is a first photoelectric encoding chip
  • the second optical detection component 522 is a second photoelectric encoding chip.
  • the photoelectric encoding chip and the second photoelectric encoding chip are arranged side by side relative to the grating code disk.
  • the first photoelectric coding chip includes a first transmitting end and a first receiving end.
  • the first transmitting end and the first receiving end of the first photoelectric coding chip are located on the same side of the grating code disk.
  • the first transmitting end of the first photoelectric coding chip is In order to emit the first detection light, the first receiving end of the first photoelectric encoding chip is used to receive the first detection light reflected by the trigger zone, and the first photoelectric encoding chip is used to generate a first pulse signal according to the emitted and received first detection light.
  • the second photoelectric encoding chip includes a second transmitting end and a second receiving end. The second transmitting end and the second receiving end of the second photoelectric encoding chip are located on the same side of the grating code disk.
  • the second transmitting end of the second photoelectric encoding chip The second receiving end of the second photoelectric encoding chip is used to receive the second detection light reflected by the trigger zone, and the second photoelectric encoding chip is used to generate a second pulse according to the emitted and received second detection light. Signal.
  • the optical detection element 52 includes a photoelectric encoding chip.
  • the photoelectric encoding chip includes two transmitting ends and two receiving ends.
  • One photoelectric encoding chip simultaneously emits the first detection light and the second detection light, and simultaneously receives the third detection light.
  • the first reflected light and the second reflected light can also detect the rotation angle and direction of the operating member 4 .
  • the detection device 5 uses transmission to achieve detection.
  • the optical detection part 52 is used to emit detection light, and the trigger area 511 on the optical trigger part 51 is used to transmit the detection light. Different positions on the trigger area 511 have different light transmittances and form different transmitted lights.
  • the optical detection part 52 is also used to receive the transmitted light with differences to generate electrical signals with differences. The electrical signals with differences can also be used to calculate the rotation angle and direction of the operating member 4 .
  • the rotation angle and rotation direction of the operating member 4 can also be calculated.
  • the detection device 5 includes an annular disk 55, a first photoelectric switch 56 and a second photoelectric switch 57.
  • the annular disk 55 is an optical trigger 51
  • the first photoelectric switch 56 is a first optical detection part 521.
  • the second photoelectric switch 57 is a second optical detection component 522 .
  • the radial plane of the annular disk 55 is provided with several ridges 551 evenly distributed on the circumference.
  • the ridges 551 are located in an annular plane.
  • the ridges 551 form the first sub-triggering area 5111.
  • the gaps between the ridges 551 The area forms a second sub-trigger area 5112, and the convex strip 551 and the gap area between the convex strips 551 form an alternating first sub-trigger area 5111 and a second sub-trigger area 5112.
  • the first sub-trigger area 5111 and the second sub-trigger area 5112 lies in a plane.
  • the first sub-trigger area 5111 has a light transmittance of 0%, that is, it directly blocks the detection light, and the second sub-trigger area 5112 has a light transmittance of 100%.
  • the first sub-trigger area 5111 and the second sub-trigger area 5112 can also be solid structures.
  • the first sub-trigger area 5111 and the second sub-trigger area 5112 are made of glass materials with different transmittances.
  • the first sub-trigger area 5111 has With a light transmittance of 10%
  • the second sub-trigger region 5112 has a light transmittance of 90%.
  • the first sub-trigger region 5111 and the second sub-trigger region 5112 can also form transmitted light with different transmittances.
  • the first photoelectric switch 56 and the second photoelectric switch 57 are arranged side by side along the circumferential direction.
  • the first photoelectric switch 56 and the second photoelectric switch 57 respectively have a transmitting end 52a and a receiving end 52b.
  • the transmitting end 52a and the receiving end 52b form a U-shaped structure with the body.
  • the convex strip 551 of the annular disk 55 is passed through the first photoelectric switch 56 In the U-shaped groove of the second photoelectric switch 57, the transmitting end 52a and the receiving end 52b are located on both sides of the annular disk 55 (optical trigger 51).
  • the protrusions 551 of the annular disk 55 are equivalent to cutting the first photoelectric switch 56 and the light signal in the U-shaped groove of the second photoelectric switch 57, causing the first photoelectric switch 56 and the second photoelectric switch 57 to form an on-off-on-off alternating state respectively, thereby forming a pulse signal.
  • the first photoelectric switch 56 includes a first transmitting end and a first receiving end.
  • the first transmitting end and the first receiving end of the first photoelectric switch 56 are respectively located on both sides of the protrusion 551 .
  • the first transmitting end of the first photoelectric switch 56 For emitting the first detection light, the first receiving end of the first photoelectric switch 56 is used for receiving the first detection light transmitted by the first trigger zone, and the first photoelectric switch generates a first pulse signal according to the emitted and received first detection light. .
  • the second photoelectric switch 57 includes a second transmitting end and a second receiving end.
  • the second transmitting end and the second receiving end of the second photoelectric switch 57 are respectively located on both sides of the protrusion 551 .
  • the second transmitting end of the second photoelectric switch 57 For emitting the second detection light, the second receiving end of the second photoelectric switch 57 is used for receiving the second detection light transmitted by the first trigger zone, and the second photoelectric switch generates a second pulse signal according to the emitted and received second detection light. .
  • Two photoelectric switches are used to replace the photoelectric encoding chip in the above implementation.
  • the rotation angle of the operating member 4 can also be calculated; the setting of the two photoelectric switches can also calculate the operating member based on the phase difference. 4’s rotation direction, thereby achieving focus adjustment of the optical component 1.
  • multiple sub-trigger areas may be provided on the trigger area 511.
  • the multiple sub-trigger areas are sequentially distributed along the circumferential direction of the trigger area 511.
  • Adjacent sub-trigger areas have different light reflectivity or transmittance, such as multiple sub-trigger areas.
  • the light reflectivity of the sub-trigger areas is 10%, 40%, 30%, 70%, 50%..., just ensure that the adjacent sub-trigger areas have different light reflectivities, so that the detection light irradiates the adjacent Different reflected lights will be formed on the two sub-trigger areas, and thus different electrical signals can be obtained, and the rotation angle and direction of the operating member 4 can also be detected.
  • differential transmitted light can also be obtained, that is, differential electrical signals can be obtained, and control can also be achieved. Detection of the rotation angle and direction of the operating part 4.
  • the light reflectivity or transmittance of multiple sub-trigger areas on the trigger area 511 is set in increments or decreases.
  • the light reflectivity of the multiple sub-trigger areas are 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%..., with this structure, adjacent sub-trigger areas also have different light reflectivities, which can generate different reflected lights and obtain different electrical signals. It can also detect the rotation angle of the operating part 4. ;
  • the light reflectivity of multiple sub-trigger areas decreases or changes regularly, the light reflectivity increases in the clockwise direction, and the light reflectivity decreases in the counterclockwise direction, so a detection light detection operating piece is used.
  • the rotation angle of the operating part 4 can also be confirmed; when the light reflectivity increases, the operating part 4 rotates clockwise; when the light reflectivity decreases, the operating part 4 rotates counterclockwise; of course, the light reflectivity Which of the clockwise and counterclockwise directions of the operating member 4 corresponding to increment and decrement can be set as needed.
  • the light transmittance of multiple sub-trigger areas is 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%..., and the rotation angle and direction of the operating member 4 can also be detected through a detection light.
  • the trigger area 511 may be provided with light reflectivity or transmittance that gradually changes along the circumferential direction. There is no obvious sub-trigger area division on the trigger area 511.
  • the trigger area 511 is provided with light gradients with more microscopic distinctions. Reflectivity or transmittance.
  • the trigger area 511 is provided with a linearly changing light reflectivity or transmittance, such as 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%... In this structure, the 1% area Smaller circumferential angles can be spanned, allowing the trigger area 511 to have higher detection accuracy.
  • the multiple sub-trigger areas on the trigger area 511 may be sub-trigger areas that are spaced apart from each other, and the areas between the sub-trigger areas may not respond to the detection light.
  • the sub-trigger areas The area between the zones can be a hollow area or a pure black area.
  • the hollow area or the pure black area can be regarded as not responding to the detection light.
  • the detection light can generate intermittent electrical signals and can also be used to detect the rotation angle and rotation of the operating member 4. direction.
  • the plurality of sub-trigger areas can have the same spacing to improve the detection accuracy of the rotation angle.
  • the optical detection part 52 is fixed on the fixing part (7, 21).
  • the fixing part may be the lens barrel 7, and the fixing part (7, 21) may also be the housing 21.
  • the optical trigger 51 is installed on the operating member 4. The optical trigger 51 can rotate relative to the optical detection member 52 fixed on the fixing member (7, 21) to detect the rotation angle and direction of the operating member 4.
  • the operating part 4 can also be linked with the optical detection part 52, the optical triggering part 51 is fixed on the fixing part (7, 21), the optical triggering part 51 can be fixed on the lens barrel 7, the optical triggering part 51 can also be Fixed on the housing 21, the optical detection part 52 can rotate relative to the optical triggering part 51 fixed on the fixing part (7, 21), and can also detect the rotation angle and direction of the operating part 4.
  • the optical triggering member 51 or the optical detecting member 52 is directly fixed on the operating member 4 so that the optical detecting member 52 can drive the optical triggering member 51 or the optical detecting member 52 to rotate.
  • the optical trigger 51 or the optical detection component 52 can also be connected to the operating component 4 through a transmission component.
  • the optical trigger 51 or the optical detection component 52 is installed on a rotating shaft.
  • the operating component 4 drives the rotating shaft to rotate through a transmission component such as a gear set, thereby driving the The rotation of the optical triggering part 51 or the optical detecting part 52 can also realize the linkage between the operating part 4 and the optical triggering part 51 or the optical detecting part 52 .
  • the medical endoscope device may only include the camera 50 , and the medical endoscope device does not include the insertion part 30 .
  • the front end of the camera 50 may be detachably connected to the rear end of the insertion part 30 through the optical bayonet 40 .
  • the medical endoscope equipment can also only include the driving device 3, the operating part 4 and the detection device 5.
  • the medical endoscope equipment can be used as a detection device, and the detection device can be installed in an existing camera in a combined manner.
  • the operating member 4 can indirectly drive the driving device 3 in the camera to perform driving and focusing.
  • the camera 50 is provided with a sealed cavity A.
  • a dotted line outlines the general outline of the sealed cavity A. The dotted line is only for illustration and is not the real boundary of the sealed cavity A.
  • the detection device 5, the optical component 1 and the image sensor component 2 are all located in the sealed cavity A.
  • the sealed cavity A can prevent external light, water and other media from entering, and can protect the detection light path and imaging light path in the camera 50, and The electrical connections and components between various components in the camera 50 are protected.
  • the camera 50 can be sterilized and disinfected in environments such as high-temperature immersion to meet the need for repeated use of sterilization and disinfection.
  • the camera 50 can be provided with one or more sealed cavities A, and the detection device 5, optical component 1 and image sensor component 2 can be located in one sealed cavity A, and the detection device 5, optical component 1 and image sensor component 2 can also be They are located in different sealed chambers A.
  • the handle 6, front cover 8, operating part 4, first seal 42, lens barrel 7 and other components of the camera 50 are enclosed to form a sealed cavity A, in which the detection device 5, the optical component 1 and the image sensor component 2 are located.
  • the sealed cavity A can be divided into three small cavities; the operating member 4, the first sealing member 42 and the lens barrel 7 form a first small cavity, and the detection device 5 is located in the first small cavity; the lens barrel 7 It can be enclosed into a second small cavity by itself, and the optical component 1 is located in the second small cavity; the handle 6, the front cover 8 and the lens barrel 7 are enclosed into a third small cavity, and the image sensor assembly 2 is located in the third small cavity.
  • Three small cavities can be connected in the same way to meet the connection needs of circuits and components.
  • the detection light path and imaging light path are located in a sealed cavity, which prevents external light from entering the detection light path and imaging light path. It also prevents water and other impurities from entering the detection light path environment and imaging light path environment, ensuring detection accuracy and imaging. quality.
  • Components such as the image sensor assembly 2 are located in the sealed cavity A, which can avoid contact with water, short circuit and high temperature failure.
  • the driving device 3 can also be in the sealed cavity A to form water and heat insulation protection for the driving device 3 .
  • the optical trigger 51 when the optical trigger 51 detects the rotation angle and direction of the operating member 4 through reflection, the optical trigger 51 is located outside the sealed cavity A of the camera 50, and the optical detection member 52 is located in the sealed cavity of the camera 50.
  • the optical trigger 51 In the body A, the optical trigger 51 has a passive trigger structure, and there is no circuit connection structure involved in the optical trigger 51. Therefore, the optical trigger 51 is set outside the sealed cavity A, and there is no need to do anything to the optical trigger 51 in a sterilization environment. will have an impact.
  • the optical detection component 52 is provided with a light source and an electrical connection structure.
  • the optical detection component 52 is arranged in a sealed cavity A.
  • the sealed cavity A can protect the optical detection component 52 from water and heat.
  • a second sealing member 43 may be disposed between the optical triggering member 51 and the optical detecting member 52 , and the second sealing member 43 may be a part of the sealed cavity A.
  • the second seal 43 divides the installation groove between the operating member 4 and the lens barrel 7 into two cavities, one of which is connected to the outside world, and the other cavity forms a sealed cavity A with the space inside the handle 6.
  • the optical trigger part 51 is located in a cavity connected to the outside world
  • the optical detection part 52 is located in a sealed cavity A.
  • the second sealing member 43 may be a transparent or translucent structure.
  • the detection light emitted by the optical detection member 52 can pass through the second sealing member 43 and be irradiated to the optical triggering member 51 .
  • the detection light reflected by the optical triggering member 51 can also pass through the second sealing member 43 .
  • the seal 43 illuminates back to the optical detector 52 .
  • the second sealing member 43 is arranged to be light-transmissive, so that even if the second sealing member 43 separates the optical triggering member 51 and the optical detecting member 52 in different cavities, the optical triggering member 51 and the optical detecting member 52 can still be detected by emission and reflection. Light realizes the detection of the rotation direction and rotation angle of the operating member 4.
  • the second sealing member 43 can also have a special structure such as non-transparent, and the second sealing member 43 can allow special light to pass through.
  • the detection light emitted by the optical detection component 52 includes special light, so that the detection light can also pass through. Detection is achieved through the second seal 43. If the special light is infrared light, the second sealing member 43 can allow the infrared light to pass through.
  • the detection light emitted by the optical detection component 52 includes infrared light.
  • the optical triggering component 51 is used to reflect the infrared light.
  • the optical triggering component 51 and the optical detection component 52 The rotation angle and direction of the operating member 4 are detected by emitting and reflecting infrared light.
  • an embodiment provides a medical endoscope camera system 1000.
  • the medical endoscope camera system 1000 includes a light source 10, a light guide 20, a medical endoscope device, a communication cable 81, and a camera. Host 60, display 70 and video connection cable 82.
  • the medical endoscope equipment is the medical endoscope equipment in the above embodiment.
  • the medical endoscope equipment includes an insertion part 30 and a camera 50.
  • the insertion part 30 may be a rigid endoscope.
  • the insertion part 30 includes a front end and a rear end.
  • the light source 10 is connected to the rear end of the insertion part 30 through the light guide 20.
  • the insertion part 30 It has an illumination channel and an imaging channel, and the illumination light and/or excitation light emitted by the light source 10 sequentially passes through the light guide beam 20 and the illumination channel of the insertion part 30 to illuminate the patient's part to be observed.
  • the camera host 60 is connected to the medical endoscope equipment through the communication cable 81, and the image signal obtained by the medical endoscope equipment is transmitted to the camera host 60 through the communication cable 81 for processing.
  • the communication cable 81 may be an optical communication cable, such as an optical fiber; the medical endoscope device converts the image signal (electrical signal) into an optical signal, which is transmitted to the camera host 60 by the communication cable 81. The host 60 then converts the optical signal into an electrical signal.
  • the camera host 60 is connected to the display 70 through a video connection cable 82 for sending video signals to the display 70 for display.
  • FIG. 15 is only an example of the medical endoscope camera system 1000 and does not constitute a limitation on the medical endoscope camera system 1000.
  • the medical endoscope camera system 1000 may include components other than those shown in FIG. 15 More or less parts, or combinations of certain parts, or different parts.
  • the light source 10 is used to provide an illumination light source to the patient's part 100 to be observed.
  • the illumination light source includes a visible light illumination light source and a laser illumination light source corresponding to the fluorescent reagent (eg, near-infrared light).
  • the light source 10 includes, but is not limited to, a laser light source, an LED light source or a laser diode.
  • the light source 10 includes a visible light source and a laser light source corresponding to a fluorescent reagent.
  • the visible light source is an LED light source.
  • the visible light source can provide multiple monochromatic lights in different wavelength ranges, such as blue light, green light, red light, etc.
  • the visible light source may also provide a combination of the plurality of monochromatic lights, or may be a broad spectrum white light source.
  • the wavelength range of the monochromatic light is approximately 400nm to 700nm.
  • Laser light sources are used to generate laser light.
  • the laser is, for example, near-infrared light (Near Infrared; NIR).
  • the peak wavelength of the laser takes at least any one value within the range of 780nm or 808nm.
  • the light source 10 can simultaneously provide continuous visible light and laser light corresponding to the fluorescent reagent to the site to be observed, or can provide two types of light in a time-sharing manner.
  • a contrast agent such as indocyanine green
  • ICG intravenous or subcutaneous injection
  • the patient's site to be observed 100 includes, but is not limited to, the blood circulation system, lymphatic system, and tumor tissue.
  • ICG is commonly known as indocyanine green, diagnostic green needle, and indocyanine green.
  • It is a contrast agent commonly used in the clinical diagnosis of cardiovascular system diseases and is widely used in choroidal and retinal vascular imaging.
  • the medical endoscope camera system 1000 provided by the embodiment of the present application has a driving device 3 and a detection device 5 added to the medical endoscope equipment. It can detect the operation amount of the operating member 4 through the detection device 5 and perform the operation according to the detected operation.
  • the optical component 1 is driven by the driving device 3 to adjust the focus.
  • the operating part 4 is an indirect driving part, which relieves the rotation restriction of the operating part 4, so that the operating part 4 can be rotated arbitrarily to indirectly drive the focusing, which greatly improves the feel of use. and increased focus range.

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Abstract

一种医疗内窥镜设备及医疗内窥镜摄像系统，医疗内窥镜设备包括光学组件、图像传感器组件、驱动装置、操作件和检测装置，由于检测装置的触发区能够反射或透射检测光形成具有差异的反射光或透射光，具有差异的反射光或透射光能够生成具有差异的电信号，以表征操作件的转动角度和/或方向，从而用于控制驱动装置调节光学组件和图像传感器组件之间的光路距离，实现调焦。

Description

医疗内窥镜设备及医疗内窥镜摄像系统 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域，具体涉及医疗内窥镜设备及医疗内窥镜摄像系统。
 背景技术
硬管内窥镜，主要用于人体表浅及浅层部位自然腔道和通过穿刺开口腔道的病灶诊断和/或治疗，如膀胱镜、宫腔镜，在操作中硬管内窥镜不可弯曲。
硬管内窥镜主要包括摄像头、光源、导光束、硬管内窥镜、光学卡口、摄像主机和显示器。摄像头包括光学组件和操作件（通常称为手轮），操作件用于驱动光学组件，以进行调焦。
申请号为201580000890 .9的中国专利申请公开了一种用于医疗器械的操作装置，该操作装置可应用于内窥镜摄像头中，在进行手轮调焦时，通过磁编码器方案检测手轮的转动角度，以实现调焦功能。
 技术问题 技术解决方案
一种实施例中，提供一种医疗内窥镜设备，包括：
插入部，所述插入部包括前端和后端，所述插入部的前端用于插入患者待观察部位，并采集所述患者待观察部位反射和/或被激发的图像光；以及
摄像头，所述摄像头包括：
光学组件，所述光学组件与所述插入部的后端对接；
图像传感器组件，所述光学组件与所述图像传感器组件可相对移动设置，所述光学组件用于将所述插入部采集的所述图像光照射至所述图像传感器组件，所述图像传感器组件用于获取所述图像光，并根据所述图像光生成图像信号，所述图像信号用于生成所述患者待观察部位的可视图像；
驱动装置，所述驱动装置与所述光学组件和/或所述图像传感器组件连接，所述驱动装置用于驱动所述光学组件和所述图像传感器组件中的至少一个移动，以调节所述光学组件与所述图像传感器组件之间的光路距离；
可转动的操作件；以及
检测装置，包括光学触发件和光学检测件，所述光学触发件和所述光学检测件的至少一者与所述操作件联动设置，所述操作件的转动能够致使所述光学触发件和所述光学检测件之间的相对转动；
所述光学触发件上设有触发区；
所述光学检测件用于发射检测光照射至所述触发区，所述触发区用于反射或透射所述检测光；所述检测光随着所述操作件的转动照射至所述触发区的不同位置上，所述光学检测件还用于接收所述触发区反射或透射的所述检测光，并基于所述反射或透射的所述检测光生成有差异的电信号；所述驱动装置根据所述有差异的电信号驱动所述光学组件和所述图像传感器组件中的至少一个移动，以调节所述光学组件与所述图像传感器组件之间的光路距离实现调焦。
一种实施例中，所述有差异的电信号能够至少用于确定所述操作件的转动角度。
一种实施例中，所述触发区的不同位置对所述检测光的反射或透射能够形成有差异的反射光或透射光，所述光学检测件还用于接收所述有差异的反射光或透射光，并基于所述有差异的反射光或透射光生成所述有差异的电信号。
一种实施例中，所述触发区包括沿圆周方向设置的若干个子触发区，相邻的所述子触发区具有不同的光反射率或透射率。
一种实施例中，每个所述子触发区具有相同的圆周方向的宽度，和/或，相邻的所述子触发区之间具有相同的间距。
一种实施例中，所述若干个子触发区的光反射率或透射率沿着所述圆周方向递增或递减。
一种实施例中，所述触发区包括交替设置的第一子触发区和第二子触发区，所述第一子触发区和所述第二子触发区具有不同的光反射率或透射率。
一种实施例中，所述光学检测件用于发射第一检测光和第二检测光，所述电信号包括第一电信号和第二电信号，所述第一检测光和所述第二检测光用于同时照射所述触发区的不同位置；所述触发区对所述第一检测光的反射或透射形成第一反射光或第一透射光，所述触发区对所述第二检测光的反射或透射形成第二反射光或第二透射光，所述光学检测件还用于接收所述第一反射光或第一透射光，并生成第一电信号，所述光学检测件还用于接收所述第二反射光或所述第二透射光，并生成第二电信号，所述第一电信号和/或所述第二电信号用于计算所述操作件的转动角度，所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号用于共同判定所述操作件的转动方向。
一种实施例中，所述第一检测光照射所述第一子触发区的状态下，所述第二检测光照射至所述第二子触发区，且所述第一检测光照射所述第二子触发区的状态下，所述第二检测光照射至所述第一子触发区。
一种实施例中，所述第一电信号包括第一脉冲信号，所述第二电信号包括第二脉冲信号，所述第一脉冲信号和所述第二脉冲信号之间具有脉冲相位差。
一种实施例中，所述第一脉冲信号和所述第二脉冲信号之间的脉冲相位差为90°。
一种实施例中，所述光学检测件包括第一光学检测件和第二光学检测件，所述第一光学检测件用于发射第一检测光及接收所述第一反射光或所述第一透射光，并生成所述第一电信号；所述第二光学检测件用于发射第二检测光及接收所述第二反射光或所述第二透射光，并生成所述第二电信号。
一种实施例中，所述触发区沿着圆周方向具有渐变的光反射率或透射率。
一种实施例中，所述渐变的光反射率或透射率为线性变化的光反射率或透射率。
一种实施例中，所述光学触发件具有侧平面，所述光学触发件和所述光学检测件之间相对转动的中轴线垂直所述侧平面，所述触发区设置在所述侧平面上；或者，所述光学触发件具有柱面，所述柱面的中轴线与所述光学触发件和所述光学检测件之间相对转动的中轴线重合，所述触发区设置在所述柱面上。
一种实施例中，所述光学检测件具有发射端和接收端，所述触发区用于反射所述检测光，所述发射端和所述接收端位于所述光学触发件的同一侧；和/或，所述触发区用于透射所述检测光，所述发射端和所述接收端位于所述光学触发件的两侧。
一种实施例中，所述光学组件的光路环境与所述检测装置的光路环境相互隔离。
一种实施例中，还包括镜筒，所述光学组件设置在所述镜筒内，所述光学组件的光路环境位于所述镜筒的内侧，所述检测装置的光路环境位于所述镜筒的外侧。
一种实施例中，所述操作件位于所述镜筒的外侧，所述操作件能够相对所述镜筒转动，所述操作件和/或所述镜筒设有环形凹槽，所述检测装置位于所述环形凹槽内。
一种实施例中，所述操作件设有环形凹槽，所述光学触发件位于所述环形凹槽的轴向侧壁上，所述光学检测件设置在所述镜筒上。
一种实施例中，所述环形凹槽具有轴向开口，所述轴向开口设有第一密封件。
一种实施例中，所述摄像头设有密封腔体，所述检测装置位于所述密封腔体内。
一种实施例中，所述光学组件和所述图像传感器组件位于所述密封腔体内。
一种实施例中，所述摄像头设有密封腔体，所述光学触发件位于所述密封腔体外，所述光学检测件位于所述密封腔体内。
一种实施例中，所述光学触发件和所述光学检测件之间设有第二密封件，所述第二密封件为围合成所述密封腔体的一部分，所述检测光能够穿过所述第二密封件。
一种实施例中，所述第二密封件为透明或半透明结构。
一种实施例中，所述第二密封件为能够供特殊光穿过的结构，所述检测光包括特殊光。
一种实施例中，提供一种医疗内窥镜设备，包括：
插入部，所述插入部包括前端和后端，所述插入部的前端用于插入患者待观察部位，并采集所述患者待观察部位反射和/或被激发的图像光；以及
摄像头，所述摄像头包括：
光学组件，所述光学组件与所述插入部的后端对接；
图像传感器组件，所述光学组件与所述图像传感器组件可相对移动设置，所述光学组件用于将所述插入部采集的所述图像光照射至所述图像传感器组件，所述图像传感器组件用于获取所述图像光，并根据所述图像光生成图像信号，所述图像信号用于生成所述患者待观察部位的可视图像；
驱动装置，所述驱动装置与所述光学组件和/或所述图像传感器组件连接，所述驱动装置用于驱动所述光学组件和所述图像传感器组件中的至少一个移动，以调节所述光学组件与所述图像传感器组件之间的光路距离；
可转动的操作件；
固定件，所述操作件能够相对所述固定件转动，所述操作件和所述固定件中的一者设有触发区；以及
检测装置，包括光学检测件，所述光学检测件设置在所述操作件和所述固定件中的另一者上，所述操作件的转动能够致使所述触发区和所述光学检测件之间的相对转动；
所述光学检测件用于发射检测光照射至所述触发区，所述触发区用于反射或透射所述检测光，所述检测光随着所述操作件的转动照射至所述触发区的不同位置上，所述光学检测件还用于接收所述触发区反射或透射的所述检测光，并基于所述反射或透射的所述检测光生成有差异的电信号；所述驱动装置根据所述有差异的电信号驱动所述光学组件和所述图像传感器组件中的至少一个移动，以调节所述光学组件与所述图像传感器组件之间的光路距离实现调焦。
一种实施例中，所述有差异的电信号能够至少用于确定所述操作件的转动角度。
一种实施例中，所述触发区的不同位置对所述检测光的反射或透射能够形成有差异的反射光或透射光，所述光学检测件还用于接收所述有差异的反射光或透射光，并基于所述有差异的反射光或透射光生成所述有差异的电信号。
一种实施例中，所述触发区包括沿着圆周方向设置的若干个子触发区，相邻的所述子触发区具有不同的光反射率或透射率。
一种实施例中，所述若干个子触发区的光反射率或透射率沿着所述圆周方向递增或递减。
一种实施例中，所述触发区包括交替设置的第一子触发区和第二子触发区，所述第一子触发区和所述第二子触发区具有不同的光反射率或透射率。
一种实施例中，所述光学检测件用于发射第一检测光和第二检测光，所述电信号包括第一电信号和第二电信号，所述第一检测光和所述第二检测光用于同时照射所述触发区的不同位置；所述触发区对所述第一检测光的反射或透射形成第一反射光或第一透射光，所述触发区对所述第二检测光的反射或透射形成第二反射光或第二透射光，所述光学检测件还用于接收所述第一反射光或所述第一透射光，并生成第一电信号，所述光学检测件还用于接收所述第二反射光或所述第二透射光，并生成第二电信号，所述第一电信号和/或所述第二电信号用于计算所述操作件的转动角度，所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号用于共同判定所述操作件的转动方向。
一种实施例中，所述第一检测光照射所述第一子触发区的状态下，所述第二检测光照射至所述第二子触发区，且所述第一检测光照射所述第二子触发区的状态下，所述第二检测光照射至所述第一子触发区。
一种实施例中，所述第一电信号包括第一脉冲信号，所述第二电信号包括第二脉冲信号，所述第一脉冲信号和所述第二脉冲信号之间具有脉冲相位差。
一种实施例中，所述触发区沿着圆周方向具有渐变的光反射率或透射率。
一种实施例中，所述触发区沿着所述圆周方向具有线性变化的光反射率或透射率。
一种实施例中，提供一种医疗内窥镜设备，包括：
可转动的操作件；以及
检测装置，包括光学触发件和光学检测件；
所述光学触发件和所述光学检测件的至少一者用于与操作件联动设置，所述操作件的转动能够致使所述光学触发件和所述光学检测件之间的相对转动；
所述光学触发件上设有触发区；
所述光学检测件用于发射检测光照射至所述触发区，所述触发区用于反射或透射所述检测光；所述检测光随着所述操作件的转动照射至所述触发区的不同位置上，所述光学检测件还用于接收所述触发区反射或透射的所述检测光，并基于所述反射或透射的所述检测光生成有差异的电信号；所述有差异的电信号用于所述医疗内窥镜设备的调焦。
一种实施例中，所述有差异的电信号能够至少用于确定所述操作件的转动角度。
一种实施例中，所述触发区的不同位置对所述检测光的反射或透射能够形成有差异的反射光或透射光，所述光学检测件还用于接收所述有差异的反射光或透射光，并基于所述有差异的反射光或透射光生成所述有差异的电信号。
一种实施例中，所述触发区包括沿着圆周方向设置的若干个子触发区，相邻的所述子触发区具有不同的光反射率或透射率。一种实施例中如权利要求36所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述若干个子触发区的光反射率或透射率沿着所述圆周方向递增或递减。
一种实施例中，所述触发区包括交替设置的第一子触发区和第二子触发区，所述第一子触发区和所述第二子触发区具有不同的光反射率或透射率。
一种实施例中，所述光学检测件用于发射第一检测光和第二检测光，所述电信号包括第一电信号和第二电信号，所述第一检测光和所述第二检测光用于同时照射所述触发区的不同位置；所述触发区对所述第一检测光的反射或透射形成第一反射光或第一透射光，所述触发区对所述第二检测光的反射或透射形成第二反射光或第二透射光，所述光学检测件还用于接收所述第一反射光或所述第一透射光，并生成第一电信号，所述光学检测件还用于接收所述第二反射光或所述第二透射光，并生成第二电信号，所述第一电信号和/或所述第二电信号用于计算所述操作件的转动角度，所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号用于共同判定所述操作件的转动方向。
一种实施例中，所述第一检测光照射所述第一子触发区的状态下，所述第二检测光照射至所述第二子触发区，且所述第一检测光照射所述第二子触发区的状态下，所述第二检测光照射至所述第一子触发区。
一种实施例中，所述第一电信号包括第一脉冲信号，所述第二电信号包括第二脉冲信号，所述第一脉冲信号和所述第二脉冲信号之间具有脉冲相位差。
一种实施例中，所述触发区沿着所述圆周方向具有渐变的光反射率或透射率。
一种实施例中，所述触发区沿着所述圆周方向具有线性变化的光反射率或透射率。
一种实施例中，提供一种医疗内窥镜设备，包括：
可转动的操作件；
固定件，所述操作件能够相对所述固定件转动，所述操作件和所述固定件中的一者设有触发区；以及
检测装置，包括光学检测件，所述光学检测件设置在所述操作件和所述固定件中的另一者上，所述操作件的转动能够致使所述触发区和所述光学检测件之间的相对转动；
所述光学检测件用于发射检测光照射至所述触发区，所述触发区用于反射或透射所述检测光，所述光学检测件还用于接收所述触发区反射或透射的所述检测光，并基于所述反射或透射的所述检测光生成有差异的电信号；所述有差异的电信号用于所述医疗内窥镜设备的调焦。
一种实施例中，所述有差异的电信号能够至少用于确定所述操作件的转动角度。
一种实施例中，所述触发区的不同位置对所述检测光的反射或透射能够形成有差异的反射光或透射光，所述光学检测件还用于接收所述有差异的反射光或透射光，并基于所述有差异的反射光或透射光生成所述有差异的电信号。
一种实施例中，所述触发区包括沿着圆周方向设置的若干个子触发区，相邻的所述子触发区具有不同的光反射率或透射率。
一种实施例中，所述若干个子触发区的光反射率或透射率沿着所述圆周方向递增或递减。
一种实施例中，所述触发区包括交替设置的第一子触发区和第二子触发区，所述第一子触发区和所述第二子触发区具有不同的光反射率或透射率。
一种实施例中，所述光学检测件用于发射第一检测光和第二检测光，所述电信号包括第一电信号和第二电信号，所述第一检测光和所述第二检测光用于同时照射所述触发区的不同位置；所述触发区对所述第一检测光的反射或透射形成第一反射光或第一透射光，所述触发区对所述第二检测光的反射或透射形成第二反射光或第二透射光，所述光学检测件还用于接收所述第一反射光或所述第一透射光，并生成第一电信号，所述光学检测件还用于接收所述第二反射光或所述第二透射光，并生成第二电信号，所述第一电信号和/或所述第二电信号用于计算所述操作件的转动角度，所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号用于共同判定所述操作件的转动方向。
一种实施例中，所述第一检测光照射所述第一子触发区的状态下，所述第二检测光照射至所述第二子触发区，且所述第一检测光照射所述第二子触发区的状态下，所述第二检测光照射至所述第一子触发区。
一种实施例中，所述第一电信号包括第一脉冲信号，所述第二电信号包括第二脉冲信号，所述第一脉冲信号和所述第二脉冲信号之间具有脉冲相位差。
一种实施例中，所述触发区沿着圆周方向具有渐变的光反射率或透射率。
一种实施例中，所述触发区沿着所述圆周方向具有线性变化的光反射率或透射率。
一种实施例中，提供一种医疗内窥镜摄像系统，包括光源、导光束、摄像主机、显示器和上述的医疗内窥镜设备，所述光源通过所述导光束与插入部连接，所述光源发射的照明光和/或激发光依次经过所述导光束和所述插入部照射至所述患者待观察部位，所述摄像主机分别与所述医疗内窥镜设备的摄像头和所述显示器信号连接，所述摄像主机用于获取所述图像信号，并进行处理后输出到所述显示器进行显示。
 有益效果
依据上述实施例的医疗内窥镜设备及医疗内窥镜摄像系统，由于医疗内窥镜设备设置有光学式的检测装置，检测装置能够发射光和接收光，检测装置的触发区能够反射或透射检测光形成具有差异的反射光或透射光，具有差异的反射光或透射光能够生成具有差异的电信号，以表征操作件的转动角度和/或转动方向，从而用于控制驱动装置调节光学组件和图像传感器组件之间的光路距离，实现调焦。先检测操作件的转动角度和转动方向，再通过驱动装置电动驱动调焦，操作件属于间接调焦，操作件为非直接驱动件，解除了操作件的转动限制，使得操作件能够任意转动，极大地提高了使用手感，以及增加了调焦的范围。。
 附图说明
图1为一种实施例中医疗内窥镜设备的结构示意图；
图2为一种实施例中摄像头的结构示意图；
图3为一种实施例中医疗内窥镜设备的局部轴向剖视图；
图4为一种实施例中医疗内窥镜设备的局部立体剖视图；
图5为图3的A处局部放大图；
图6为一种实施例中光学触发件（光栅码盘）的结构示意图；
图7为一种实施例中光学检测件（光电编码芯片）的结构示意图；
图8为一种实施例中光学触发件（光栅码盘）的结构示意图；
图9为一种实施例中光栅码盘的局部示意图；
图10为一种实施例中第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号的示意图；
图11为一种实施例中检测装置的结构示意图；
图12为一种实施例中光学检测件（光电开关）的结构示意图；
图13为一种实施例中医疗内窥镜设备的密封腔体的示意图；
图14为一种实施例中光学触发件和光学检测件分别位于密封腔体内外的示意图；
图15为一种实施例中医疗内窥镜摄像系统的结构示意图；
其中附图标记如下：
1-光学组件，11-固定光学组件，12-可调光学组；
2-图像传感器组件，21-壳体，22-传感器；
3-驱动装置，31-电机，32-螺杆，33-滑块；
4-操作件，41-环形凹槽，42-第一密封件，43-第二密封件；
5-检测装置，51-光学触发件，51a-侧平面，51b-柱面，511-触发区，5111-第一子触发区，5112-第二子触发区，52-光学检测件，52a-发射端，52b-接收端，521-第一光学检测件，522-第二光学检测件，53-安装座，54-信号连接线，55-环形盘，551-凸条；
6-手柄；
7-镜筒（固定件），71-穿线孔，72-遮光件；
8-前盖；
A-密封腔体；
1000-医疗内窥镜摄像系统，10-光源，20-导光束，30-插入部，40-光学卡口，50-摄像头，81-通信线缆，60-摄像主机，70-显示器，82-视频连接线，100-患者待观察部位。
 本发明的实施方式
检测装置可以包括多种形式，如检测装置包括接触式检测装置和非接触式检测装置。
接触式检测装置包括导电盘和探针，导电盘设置在操作件上，导电盘上设有交替的导电区和非导电区，或者交替的高电阻区和低电阻区。导电盘随操作件转动的过程中，导电针将与交替的导电区和非导电区接触，形成脉冲信号，通过脉冲信号能够计算出操作件的操作量，根据该操作量调节图像传感器组件的对焦参数。
非接触式检测装置包括光电检测装置和磁感应检测装置，光电检测装置通过检测光进行检测，磁感应检测装置通过磁场变化进行检测。
光电检测包括光学触发件和光学检测件，光学触发件设置在操作件上，光学触发件上具有触发区。光学检测件能够发射检测光和接收光学触发件反射或透射的检测光。光学检测件可发射检测光到光学触发件的触发区的不同位置上，光学触发件的触发区的不同位置用于反射或透射检测光，以形成有差异的反射光或透射光，光学触发件随操作件转动的过程中，光学检测件将检测光发射到触发区的不同位置上，光学检测件获取有差异的反射光或透射光，能够形成有差异的电信号（例如脉冲信号），通过该电信号能够计算出操作件的操作量。
磁感应检测装置的方案可参见中国专利申请201580000890.9。
本申请的检测装置采用非接触式光电检测装置，非接触检测装置相比接触式检测装置具有检测精度更高、使用寿命更长等优点，接触式检测装置的使用寿命较低，也容易出现误触现象。光电检测装置相比磁感应检测装置具有干扰低，检测精度高等优点，磁感应检测装置容易受环境磁场的影响，尤其是，较小的环境磁场都能够造成较大的检测误差。
本申请的检测装置可以设置在密封腔体内，或者及将检测装置中涉及电连接的光学检测件设置在密封腔体内，使得安装有检测装置的医疗内窥镜设备能够进行高温和浸泡式的杀菌消毒。
本申请的医疗内窥镜设备可以为医疗内窥镜的摄像头，摄像头属于小型化结构，医生可以握持摄像头使用，在小型化的摄像头内设置检测装置需要对现有的部件结构进行优化改进。本申请中在操作件（手轮）和镜筒之间设置容置腔，在操作件朝向镜筒的面上设有安装槽，或者镜筒朝向操作件的面上设有安装槽，两者设置的安装槽围合成容置腔。检测装置设置在操作件和镜筒之间容置腔内，在操作件和镜筒的外形大小不变的情况下，增加容置检测装置的空间，即在保持医疗内窥镜设备小型化的前提下，实现了对操作件转动角度和转动方向的检测。
下面通过具体实施方式结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。其中不同实施方式中类似元件采用了相关联的类似的元件标号。在以下的实施方式中，很多细节描述是为了使得本申请能被更好的理解。然而，本领域技术人员可以毫不费力的认识到，其中部分特征在不同情况下是可以省略的，或者可以由其他元件、材料、方法所替代。在某些情况下，本申请相关的一些操作并没有在说明书中显示或者描述，这是为了避免本申请的核心部分被过多的描述所淹没，而对于本领域技术人员而言，详细描述这些相关操作并不是必要的，他们根据说明书中的描述以及本领域的一般技术知识即可完整了解相关操作。
另外，说明书中所描述的特点、操作或者特征可以以任意适当的方式结合形成各种实施方式。同时，方法描述中的各步骤或者动作也可以按照本领域技术人员所能显而易见的方式进行顺序调换或调整。因此，说明书和附图中的各种顺序只是为了清楚描述某一个实施例，并不意味着是必须的顺序，除非另有说明其中某个顺序是必须遵循的。
本文中为部件所编序号本身，例如“第一”、“第二”等，仅用于区分所描述的对象，不具有任何顺序或技术含义。而本申请所说“连接”、“联接”，如无特别说明，均包括直接和间接连接（联接）。 本文中的前端指靠近患者的一端，后端为远离患者的一端。
一种实施例中，提供了一种医疗内窥镜设备，医疗内窥镜设备可以包括摄像头和插入部，摄像头采用间接驱动的方式实现调焦，将操作件作为参考目标，增加检测装置和驱动装置，检测装置以监测用户转动操作件的操作量，再根据操作量控制驱动装置驱动光学组件移动进行调焦。
请参考图1、图2和图3，本实施例的医疗内窥镜设备主要包括插入部30和摄像头50。
插入部30可以为硬管内窥镜，插入部30具有前端和后端，插入部30内具有照明通道和成像通道，照明通道可以包括光纤等导光件，成像通道可以包括成像镜片等成像组件。插入部30的前端用于插入患者待观察部位，并通过照明通道将照明光和/或激励光照射至患者待观察部位，患者待观察部位可以反射照明光，或者患者待观察部位还可以被激励光激发产生激发光（例如荧光），插入部30还用采集患者待观察部位反射的照明光和/或激发光。插入部30采集的图像光可以通过成像通道传递给摄像头50。
摄像头50能够获取插入部30采集的图像光，并根据图像光生成图像信号（电信号），图像信号用于生成患者待观察部位的可视图像，摄像头50可以将图像信号传给摄像主机，摄像主机对图像信号进行处理后生成患者待观察部位的可视图像，并将可视图像输出到显示器70进行显示。
在其他实施例中，也可以认为医疗内窥镜设备仅包括摄像头50，摄像头50的前端与一插入部30连接，摄像头50的后端与摄像主机连接，以对患者待观察部位进行成像观察。
在一实施例中，摄像头50主要包括光学组件1、图像传感器组件2、驱动装置3、操作件4、检测装置5、手柄6和镜筒7。
手柄6主要包括外壳部分，手柄6包括前端和后端，手柄6内具有腔体，手柄6的前端可以与插入部30的后端可拆卸连接，手柄6的后端可以连接线缆，线缆可以插接在摄像主机上。手柄6的外侧可以设置按键，按键可以进行成像控制和调节。
镜筒7位于手柄6的腔体内，镜筒7的前端露出手柄6用于连接光学卡口40，光学卡口40能够将镜筒7的前端和插入部30的后端固定连接在一起，光学卡口40能够实现插入部30和摄像头50的可拆卸连接。镜筒7的后端与图像传感器组件2连接。
光学组件1用于获取插入部30采集的图像光，并为图像光提供传输光路。光学组件1的位于镜筒7内，光学组件1的前端用于与插入部30的后端进行光学对接，光学对接可以是两个部件直接接触对接，也可以是间隔开的对接，同时保证前后两个部件的光轴对齐，以使得插入部30采集的成像光能够传输给光学组件1。
光学组件1包括固定光学组11和可调光学组12。固定光学组11固定安装在镜筒7内，固定光学组11包括固定镜座和固定镜片，固定镜座内安装有一个或多个固定镜片。可调光学组12可轴向移动的设置在镜筒7内，可调光学组12能够相对固定光学组11轴向移动，以实现调焦成像。可调光学组12包括可调镜座和可调镜片，可调镜座内安装有一个或多个可调镜片，可调镜座和可调镜片作为一个整体结构，一同轴向移动。在其他实施例中，也可以仅移动可调镜片，可调镜座为固定部件。
图像传感器组件2安装在手柄6的腔体内，图像传感器组件2用于接收光学组件1传输的图像光，并将图像光转换成图像信号（电信号）。图像传感器组件2还与驱动装置3和检测装置5信号连接。
图像传感器组件2的后端可以设置控制电路，用于获取检测装置5检测操作件4转动生成的电信号，并根据电信号控制驱动装置3驱动光学组件1内的可调光学组12移动，实现调焦。在其他实施例中，该控制电路也可以设置在摄像主机上，同摄像主机将控制信号传输到摄像头以控制驱动装置3进行调焦。
图像传感器组件2主要包括壳体21和图像传感器22，壳体21的前端通过前盖8与镜筒7连接，镜筒7的后端与壳体21对接。图像传感器22通过支架等安装结构安装在所述壳体21内，并且图像传感器22与固定光学组11和可调光学组12沿光轴对齐，使得固定光学组11和可调光学组12传输的图像光能够照射到图像传感器22上。在一实施例中，控制电路也可以安装在壳体21内，并位于图像传感器22的后端，图像传感器22与控制电路信号连接。在一些实施例中，控制电路可以是设置在一块独立的电路板，控制电路可以包括控制芯片和相关电路模块。
驱动装置3安装在手柄6的腔体内，驱动装置3包括电机31、螺杆32和滑块33，驱动装置3设置在壳体21内，驱动装置3通过固定架等安装结构与壳体21连接。电机31可以为步进电机，螺杆32与电机31的输出轴连接，滑块33具有螺纹孔和通孔，滑块33通过螺纹孔可轴向移动地连接在螺杆32上，滑块33与可调光学组12连接。电机31的正反转用于驱动滑块33轴向的前移或后移，使得驱动装置3能够驱动可调光学组12轴向的精确移动。
本申请申请人在2021年12月29日提交了一件申请号为202111633040.6，名称为“内窥镜摄像头和内窥镜摄像系统”的中国专利申请，其记载了多种内窥镜摄像头的调焦驱动结构方案，这些方案可应用于本申请实施例中，作为驱动装置3的具体实现方案。因此，该专利申请的全部内容以引用的方式记载于本申请中。
在其他实施例中，驱动装置3包括直线电机，直线电机的输出端直接与可调光学组12连接，同样能够实现可调光学组12的轴向精确调节。
在其他实施例中，驱动装置3位于手柄6的腔体内，驱动装置3连接在镜筒1上，镜筒1对驱动装置3起到支撑和固定的作用。
在其他实施例中，光学组件1仅包括固定光学组11，图像传感器组件2包括可移动的图像传感器22，图像传感器22可轴向移动的设置在壳体21内，驱动装置3设置于手柄6的腔体内，或者设置于壳体21内，驱动装置3用于驱动图像传感器移动，以调节固定光学组11与图像传感器22之间的光路距离，以实现调焦。
在其他实施例中，驱动装置3可以包括两个，一个驱动装置与可调光学组12连接，另一个驱动装置与图像传感器22连接，图像传感器22可沿着光轴轴向移动的设置在壳体21内，两个驱动装置3可以同时或分别驱动，以调节光学组件1和图像传感器组件2之间的光路距离，以实现调焦。
本实施例中，电机31可以与图像传感器22后端的控制电路电连接，控制电路用于控制电机31的转动圈数及转动方向，进而控制可调光学组12的移动方向和移动距离。
操作件4可以为环形的手轮，操作件4为调焦操作件，操作件4根据用户的操作而旋转，以间接调节光学组件1的成像焦距，从而实现调焦。
请参考图4和图5，操作件4可转动地套装在镜筒7上，操作件4能够相对镜筒7任意360°的正反转动。操作件4为一个环形结构，操作件4设有环形凹槽41，环形凹槽41具有径向开口，径向开口朝向镜筒7。环形凹槽41用于容纳检测装置5。检测装置5用于检测操作件4的操作量，即用于检测操作件4的转动角度和转动方向。
操作件4的环形凹槽41具有轴向开口，轴向开口朝向操作件4的后端方向，轴向开口处安装有第一密封件42，第一密封件42将检测装置5密封在环形凹槽41内，以实现检测装置5的保护，也能够避免外界光对检测装置5的光干扰。
镜筒7将光学组件1的光路环境和检测装置5的光路环境相互隔离，以使得光学组件1的光路环境和检测装置5的光路环境不会相互干扰，有利于提升成像质量和检测准确性。其中，光学组件1的光路环境指成像光传输所在的空间，检测装置5的光路环境指检测光所在的空间，两个空间相互物理隔离，成像光和检测光无法相互融合。
请参考图6和图7，在一实施例中，检测装置5包括光学触发件51和光学检测件52，光学触发件51通过粘接等方式固定在操作件4的环形凹槽41内的轴向侧壁上。光学触发件51相对粘接面的另一面为侧平面51a，光学触发件51和光学检测件52之间相对转动的中轴线与侧平面51a垂直，侧平面51a上设有触发区511，触发区511可以为一个环形区域，触发区511上沿着环形区域的圆周方向设有交替的第一子触发区5111和第二子触发区5112，第一子触发区5111和第二子触发区5112具有不同的光反射率，如第一子触发区5111可以实现接近100%的全反射，第二子触发区5112可以实现接近0%的零反射（或全吸收）或者50%的半反射。
检测装置5可以为光电编码检测装置，光学触发件51可以为一个环形结构的光栅码盘，第一子触发区5111可以为光面区，以实现较大的反射率；第二子触发区5112可以为镂空的区域，不实现反射，即光直接穿过第二子触发区。实际情况中，检测光穿过镂空的第二子触发区5112照射至操作件4上，操作件4上对应的区域设置为漫反射面等低反射面，以使得检测光穿过第二子触发区5112形成的光反射率也小于第一子触发区5111的光反射率，进而可以实现检测。
其中，操作件4可以为橡胶材质，光栅码盘为金属材质，光栅码盘的光栅孔为第二子触发区5112，光栅码盘的光栅孔之间的金属区为第二子触发区5112，第一子触发区5111和第二子触发区5112位于一个环形平面上。操作件4连接光栅码盘的面上贴有吸光层，光栅码盘相对连接操作件4的另一面贴有带孔的反光层，同样能够实现第一子触发区5111和第二子触发区5112的设置，操作件4和光栅码盘的材质可以任意选择。
第一子触发区5111和第二子触发区5112可以具有跨度相同的圆心角，即光栅孔的扇形面积与光栅孔之间的区域面积的形状和大小相等，第一子触发区5111和第二子触发区5112在圆周方向上具有相同的宽度，使得检测光沿着出触发区511的圆周路径光照时，能够经过第一子触发区5111和第二子触发区5112将走过相同的轨迹长度，有利于提高转动角度和转动方向的精确检测。
在其他实施例中，光学触发件51可以为一个不带孔的盘，第一子触发区5111和第二子触发区5112分别为具有不同反射率的面，如第一子触发区5111和第二子触发区5112上涂覆有不同种类或不同密度的反射涂层，也能够使得第一子触发区5111和第二子触发区5112能够反射具有差异的反射光。
请参考图8，在其他实施例中，光学触发件51为指环状结构或筒状结构，光学触发件51具有柱面51b，柱面51b为光学触发件51的周向外侧面，柱面的中轴线与光学触发件51和光学检测件52之间相对转动的中轴线重合。柱面51b上设有触发区511，触发区511包括交替的第一子触发区5111和第二子触发区5112。光学检测件52设置在指环状结构或筒状结构的外侧，也可以实现对操作件4转动的检测。
在一实施例中，光学检测件52包括发射端52a和接收端51b，发射端52a和接收端51b并排设置在光学触发件51的同一侧，发射端52a用于发射检测光照射至光学触发件51的触发区511上，接收端51b用于接收触发区511反射的具有差异的检测光，光学检测件52根据接收的具有差异的检测光生成具有差异的电信号，光学检测件52将生成的电信号传递给控制电路，控制电路根据具有差异的电信号计算出操作件4的转动角度和转动方向，并控制驱动装置3驱动可调光学组12移动，以实现对焦和变焦。其中，电信号可以为脉冲信号，控制电路可以根据脉冲数计算操作件4的转动角度。
在一实施例中，触发区511上设有交替的第一子触发区5111和第二子触发区5112，由于所有的第一子触发区5111具有相同的第一反射率，所有的第二子触发区5112具有相同的第二反射率，第一反射率与第二反射率不同。因此采用单路检测光仅能检测操作件4的转动角度。为了检测操作件4的转动方向，光学检测件52需要发射两路检测光，即光学检测件52用于发射第一检测光和第二检测光。第一检测光和第二检测光用于照射在不同的子触发区上，如当第一检测光照射在第一子触发区5111上时，第二检测光照射在第二子触发区5112上；或者，当第一检测光照射在第二子触发区5112上时，第二检测光照射在第一子触发区5111上。第一检测光和第二检测光照射在不同反射率的触发区511上，以使得第一检测光和第二检测光同时生成具有差异的第一反射光和第二反射光，具有差异的第一反射光和第二反射光能够用于计算操作件4的转动方向。
光学检测件52包括两个发射端52a和两个接收端52b，两个发射端52a和两个接收端52b形成两组一一对应的收发装置。如光学检测件52包括第一发射端和第二发射端，还包括第一接收端和第二接收端，第一发射端和第一接收端对应，第二发射端和第二接收端对应。
光学检测件52可以包括光电编码芯片，光电编码芯片包括发光LED光源和光信号检测电路，发光LED为光电编码芯片的发射端52a，光信号检测电路上设有光敏接收管，光敏接收管为接收端52b。
发光LED具体可以通过透镜形成两路发射光，以形成第一发射端和第二发射端，第一发射端用于发射第一检测光，第二发射端用于发射第二检测光。光信号检测电路上设有两个光敏接收管，两个光敏接收管分别为第一接收端和第二接收端。第一接收端用于接收光栅码盘的第一子触发区5111反射的第一检测光，光电编码芯片根据发射和接收的第一检测光生成第一电信号；第二接收端用于接收光栅码盘的第二子触发区5112反射的第二检测光，光电编码芯片根据发射和接收的第二检测光生成第二电信号。
其中，第一电信号包括第一脉冲信号，第二电信号包括第二脉冲信号，第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号为具有相位差的脉冲信号，该相位差能够用于判定操作件4的转动方向。
光电编码芯片的第一发射端和第二发射端沿径向并排设置，光电编码芯片的第一接收端和第二接收端同样沿径向并排设置，使得光电编码芯片同时发射的第一检测光和第二检测光分别照射在光栅码盘的不同圆周位置上，光电编码芯片的第一接收端和第二接收端分别接收的第一检测光和第二检测光形成的脉冲信号之间具有相位差。
请参考图9，在一实施例中，光栅码盘的刻录具有一定要求，其规定每毫米可以刻录N（约等于11.7）条光栅线（第二反光区512），光栅线为扇形区域，扇形区域的圆心角为0.21739°，光栅线之间的扇形区域的圆心角也为0.21739°，即第一子触发区5111和第二子触发区5112所围合的扇形区的圆心角为0.43478°。半径为R的光栅码盘，总共可以刻录光栅线数CPR=2*3.148*R*N，即光栅码盘每旋转一周，第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号能够分别输出CPR个脉冲，每个脉冲的角度分辨率r=360/CPR。因此，可以根据输出的脉冲个数（第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号任意之一均可）进行换算得到光栅码盘的转动角度，即能够计算出操作件4的转动角度。假设输出脉冲个数为n，代表光栅码盘和操作件4的转动角度为w=n*r=n*360/（2*3.148*R*N）。
在一实施例中，光电编码芯片的第一发射端和第二发射端之间具有预设的径向间距，使得生成的第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号之间相位相差90°。第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号之间相位相差也可为60°等其他相差度数。
请参考图10，当光栅码盘随操作件4逆时针旋转时，第一脉冲信号相位超前第二脉冲信号相位90°；当光栅码盘随操作件4顺时针旋转时，第二脉冲信号相位超前第一脉冲信号相位90°，图10中的A代表第一脉冲信号，B代表第二脉冲信号。控制电路根据第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号之间的相位差关系，即可判断操作件4的转动方向。
在其他实施中，光电编码芯片具有处理模块，光电编码芯片通过检测的第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号计算出操作件4的转动角度和转动方向。
在其他实施中，光电编码芯片还具有控制模块，光电编码芯片直接与驱动装置3连接，光电编码芯片根据计算出的操作件4的转动角度和转动方向，控制驱动装置3驱动光学组件1调焦。
请参考图5和图7，本实施例中，镜筒7的外侧通过螺钉安装有安装座53，光学检测件52安装在安装座53上。安装座53为L型结构，安装座53具有径向的安装面，光电编码芯片位于安装座53的安装面上，使得光电编码芯片与光栅码盘轴向对齐。
镜筒7上还设有穿线孔71，光电编码芯片与图像传感器22后端的控制电路通过信号连接线54连接，信号连接线54的一端与光电编码芯片连接，信号连接线54的另一端穿过穿线孔71延伸至壳体21内与控制电路连接。
在一实施例中，在穿线孔71内还设有遮光件72，遮光件72为橡胶弹性塞或盖帽等结构，遮光件72堵住穿线孔71，避免光进入到镜筒7内。遮光件72将光学组件1内的光路环境与检测装置5的光路环境相互隔离，避免检测装置5的检测光对光学组件1内传输的成像光造成影响。
在一实施例中，检测装置5的光路环境设置在密闭空间内，不仅能够与光路组件1的光路环境隔离，还有利于摄像头50的高温消毒，在高温消毒过程中消毒的空气或液体不会进入到操作件4内的检测装置5中，密封空间能够对检测装置5起到高温消毒保护，使得摄像头50能够满足临床重复使用的需求。
在一实施例中，镜筒7上不设置穿线孔71，在壳体21上设置穿线孔，信号连接线54从壳体21上的穿线孔延伸到壳体21与控制电路连接，同样能够实现光电编码芯片与控制电路的连接，也能够将光学组件1内的光路环境与检测装置5的光路环境相互隔开。
在本申请实施例中，光学检测件52可以用于发射激光、可见光等检测光，光学触发件51上的触发区511用于反射或透射激光、可见光等检测光，以实现对操作件4转发角度和转动方向的检测，及实现调焦。
在一实施例中，光学检测件52可以用于发射超声波，光学触发件51用于反射超声波，光学触发件51上的触发区511能够反射形成不同强度的超声波，光学检测件52通过采集不同强度的超声波能够生成有差异的电信号，以实现对操作件4转发角度和转动方向的检测，及实现调焦。
在一实施例中，光学检测件52可以用于发射激发光，光学触发件51的触发区511上涂有能够被激发光照射激发出荧光的物质，且触发区511上不同位置上设有不同密度的物质，使得当光学检测件52用于发射激发光照射至触发区511上不同位置时，不同位置的触发区511将被激发出不同能量密度的荧光，光学检测件52通过采集不同能量密度的荧光，能够生成有差异的电信号，以实现对操作件4转发角度和转动方向的检测，及实现调焦。
在本申请实施例中，由于设置有检测装置5，检测装置5用于检测操作件4的转动方向和转动角度，再通过驱动装置3驱动光学组件1进行调焦，操作件4为非直接驱动件，解除了操作件4的转动限制，使得操作件4能够在360°内任意转动，以间接驱动调焦，极大地提高了使用手感，及增加了调焦的范围。
在一实施例中，光学检测件52包括两个光电编码芯片，两个光电编码芯片上分别具有一个发射端和一个接收端，两个光电编码芯片分别设置在不同周向位置上，使得两个光电编码芯片输出两个具有相位差的脉冲信号，同样能够计算出操作件4的转动角度和转动方向。
具体的，光学检测件52包括第一光学检测件521和第二光学检测件522，第一光学检测件521为第一光电编码芯片，第二光学检测件522为第二光电编码芯片，第一光电编码芯片和第二光电编码芯片相对光栅码盘并排设置。
第一光电编码芯片包括第一发射端和第一接收端，第一光电编码芯片的第一发射端和第一接收端位于光栅码盘的同一侧，第一光电编码芯片的第一发射端用于发射第一检测光，第一光电编码芯片的第一接收端用于接收触发区反射的第一检测光，第一光电编码芯片用于根据发射和接收的第一检测光生成第一脉冲信号；第二光电编码芯片包括第二发射端和第二接收端，第二光电编码芯片的第二发射端和第二接收端位于光栅码盘的同一侧，第二光电编码芯片的第二发射端用于发射第二检测光，第二光电编码芯片的第二接收端用于接收触发区反射的第二检测光，第二光电编码芯片用于根据发射和接收的第二检测光生成第二脉冲信号。
在其他实施例中，光学检测件52包括一个光电编码芯片，光电编码芯片包括两个发射端和两个接收端，一个光电编码芯片同时发射第一检测光和第二检测光，以及同时接收第一反射光和第二反射光，也能够实现对操作件4的转动角度和转动方向的检测。
在一些实施例中，检测装置5采用透射的方式实现检测。光学检测件52用于发射检测光，光学触发件51上的触发区511用于透射检测光，触发区511上不同位置具有的不同的光透射率，并形成具有差异的透射光，光学检测件52还用于接收该具有差异的透射光，以生成具有差异的电信号，该具有差异的电信号同样能够用于计算出操作件4的转动角度和转动方向。
如检测装置5采用两个光电开关进行检测，两个光电开关用于分别生成具有相位差的第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号，同样能够计算出操作件4的转动角度和转动方向。
请参考图11和图12，检测装置5包括环形盘55、第一光电开关56和第二光电开关57，环形盘55为光学触发件51，第一光电开关56为第一光学检测件521，第二光电开关57为第二光学检测件522。
环形盘55的径向平面上设有均匀分布在圆周上的若干个凸条551，凸条551位于一个环形的平面内，凸条551形成第一子触发区5111，凸条551之间的间隙区域形成第二子触发区5112，凸条551和凸条551之间的间隙区域形成交替的第一子触发区5111和第二子触发区5112，第一子触发区5111和第二子触发区5112位于一个平面内。
其中，第一子触发区5111具有0%的光透射率，即直接阻挡检测光，第二子触发区5112具有100%的光透射率。
第一子触发区5111和第二子触发区5112也可以均为实体结构，第一子触发区5111和第二子触发区5112为具有不同透射率的玻璃材质，如第一子触发区5111具有10%的光透射率，第二子触发区5112具有90%的光透射率，第一子触发区5111和第二子触发区5112同样可以形成具有不同透射率的透射光。
第一光电开关56和第二光电开关57沿着周向并排设置。第一光电开关56和第二光电开关57分别具有发射端52a和接收端52b，发射端52a和接收端52b与本体形成U型结构，环形盘55的凸条551穿设在第一光电开关56和第二光电开关57的U型槽内，发射端52a和接收端52b位于环形盘55（光学触发件51）的两侧，环形盘55的凸条551相当于用于切割第一光电开关56和第二光电开关57的U型槽内的光信号，使得第一光电开关56和第二光电开关57分别形成开-断-开-断的交替状态，进而形成脉冲信号。
第一光电开关56包括第一发射端和第一接收端，第一光电开关56的第一发射端和第一接收端分别位于凸条551的两侧，第一光电开关56的第一发射端用于发射第一检测光，第一光电开关56的第一接收端用于接收第一触发区透射的第一检测光，第一光电开关根据发射和接收的第一检测光生成第一脉冲信号。
第二光电开关57包括第二发射端和第二接收端，第二光电开关57的第二发射端和第二接收端分别位于凸条551的两侧，第二光电开关57的第二发射端用于发射第二检测光，第二光电开关57的第二接收端用于接收第一触发区透射的第二检测光，第二光电开关根据发射和接收的第二检测光生成第二脉冲信号。
采用两个光电开关代替上述实施中的光电编码芯片，通过光电开关的开断状态的切换，同样能够计算出操作件4的转动角度；两个光电开关的设置，也能够根据相差计算出操作件4的转动方向，进而实现光学组件1的调焦。
一种实施例中，触发区511上可以设置多个子触发区，多个子触发区沿着触发区511的圆周方向依次分布，相邻的子触发区具有不同的光反射率或透射率，如多个子触发区的光反射率依次为10%、40%、30%、70%、50%……，保证相邻的子触发区具有不同的光反射率即可，使得检测光照射到相邻的两个子触发区上将形成具有差异的反射光，进而能够得到具有差异的电信号，同样能够实现对操作件4的转动角度和方向的检测。或者，将触发区511设置为透射率为10%、40%、30%、70%、50%……，同样能够得到具有差异的透射光，即可以得到具有差异的电信号，同样能够实现对操作件4的转动角度和方向的检测。
一种实施例中，触发区511上的多个子触发区的光反射率或透射率递增或递减设置，如多个子触发区的光反射率依次为10%、20%、30%、40%、50%……，此结构，相邻的子触发区也具有不同的光反射率，可以生成有差异的反射光，及得到具有差异的电信号，同样能够实现对操作件4的转动角度的检测；并且，由于多个子触发区的光反射率依次递减或递减呈规律变化，光反射率沿着顺时针方向依次递增，光反射率沿着逆时针方向依次递减，因此采用一个检测光检测操作件4转动角度的同时，还能够确认操作件4的转动角度；当光反射率递增时，操作件4为顺时针转动；当光反射率递减时，操作件4为逆时针转动;当然光反射率递增和递减对应操作件4的顺时针和逆时针的哪一种可以根据需要设置。同样的，多个子触发区的光透射率依次为10%、20%、30%、40%、50%……，也能够通过一个检测光检测操作件4的转动角度和转动方向。
一种实施例中，触发区511可以设置有沿着圆周方向渐变的光反射率或透射率，触发区511上没有明显的子触发区划分，触发区511以更微观的区别设置有渐变的光反射率或透射率，如触发区511上设有线性变化的光反射率或透射率，例如为1%、2%、3%、4%、5%……，此结构中，1%的区域可以跨度更小的圆周角，使得触发区511具有更高的检测精度。
一种实施例中，触发区511上的多个子触发区可以为相互间隔开的子触发区，子触发区之间的区域可以对检测光不做响应，如当采用反射方式检测时，子触发区之间的区域可以为镂空区域或纯黑区域，镂空区域或纯黑区域可以当做不对检测光进行响应，检测光可以生成间断的电信号，同样可以用于检测操作件4的转动角度和转动方向。其中，多个子触发区之间可以具有相同的间距，以提高转动角度的检测精度。
一种实施例中，光学检测件52固定在固定件(7,21)上，固定件可以为镜筒7，固定件(7,21)也可以为壳体21。光学触发件51安装在操作件4上，光学触发件51能够相对固定在固定件(7,21)上的光学检测件52转动，实现对操作件4转动角度和转动方向的检测。
一种实施例中，操作件4也可以与光学检测件52联动，光学触发件51固定在固定件(7,21)，光学触发件51可以固定在镜筒7上，光学触发件51也可以固定在壳体21上，光学检测件52能够相对固定在固定件（7,21）上的光学触发件51转动，也能够实现对操作件4转动角度和转动方向的检测。
一种实施例中，光学触发件51或光学检测件52直接固定在操作件4上，以使得光学检测件52能够带动光学触发件51或光学检测件52转动。光学触发件51或光学检测件52也可以通过传动组件与操作件4连接，如光学触发件51或光学检测件52安装在转轴上，操作件4通过齿轮组等传动组件驱动转轴转动，进而驱动光学触发件51或光学检测件52转动，也能够实现操作件4与光学触发件51或光学检测件52的联动。
一种实施例中，医疗内窥镜设备可以仅包括摄像头50，医疗内窥镜设备不包括插入部30，摄像头50的前端可以通过光学卡口40与插入部30的后端可拆卸连接。
一种实施例中，医疗内窥镜设备也可以仅包括驱动装置3、操作件4和检测装置5，医疗内窥镜设备可以作为一个检测装置，检测装置可以组合式的安装到现有的摄像头上，操作件4能够间接驱动摄像头内的驱动装置3进行驱动调焦。
请参考图13，一种实施例中，摄像头50设置有密封腔体A，图14中通过虚线勾勒出密封腔体A的大致轮廓，该虚线仅为示意，并非密封腔体A的真实边界。检测装置5、光学组件1和图像传感器组件2均位于密封腔体A内，密封腔体A能够避免外界的光、水等介质进入，能够对摄像头50内的检测光路和成像光路形成保护，及对摄像头50内各部件之间的电连接及元器件形成保护。同时，使得摄像头50能够在高温浸泡等环境下进行杀菌消毒，满足杀菌消毒重复使用的需求。其中，摄像头50可以设置一个或多个密封腔体A，检测装置5、光学组件1和图像传感器组件2可以位于一个密封腔体A内，检测装置5、光学组件1和图像传感器组件2也可以分别位于不同的密封腔体A内。
摄像头50的手柄6、前盖8、操作件4、第一密封件42和镜筒7等部件围合形成密封腔体A，检测装置5、光学组件1和图像传感器组件2位于该密封腔体A内。其中，该密封腔体A可以分为三个小腔体；操作件4、第一密封件42和镜筒7围合成第一小腔体，检测装置5位于第一小腔体内；镜筒7自身可以围合成第二小腔体，光学组件1位于第二小腔体内；手柄6、前盖8和镜筒7围合成第三小腔体，图像传感器组件2位于第三小腔体内。三个小腔体可以相同连通，以满足电路和元器件的连接需求。检测光路和成像光路位于密封的腔体内，使得外界的光无法进入到检测光路和成像光路内，还能够避免水等杂质进入到检测光路环境内和成像光路环境内，能够保证检测准确性和成像质量。图像传感器组件2等元器件位于密封腔体A内，能够避免接触水短路以及高温失效等。驱动装置3也可以在密封腔体A内，以形成对驱动装置3的隔水和隔热保护。
一种实施例中，当光学触发件51通过反射的方式检测操作件4的转动角度和转动方向，光学触发件51位于摄像头50的密封腔体A外，光学检测件52位于摄像头50的密封腔体A内，光学触发件51为被动式触发结构，并且光学触发件51上不涉及电路连接结构，因此光学触发件51设置在密封腔体A外侧，在杀菌消毒环境下对光学触发件51也不会产生影响。光学检测件52上具有光源及电连接结构，光学检测件52设置在密封腔体A内，密封腔体A能够对光学检测件52形成隔水隔热保护。
请参考图14，光学触发件51和光学检测件52之间可以设置有第二密封件43，第二密封件43可以为围合密封腔体A的一部分。如第二密封件43将操作件4和镜筒7之间的安装槽分隔为两个腔体，其中一个腔体与外界连通，另一腔体与手柄6内部的空间形成密封腔体A，光学触发件51位于与外界连通的腔体内，光学检测件52位于与密封腔体A内。
第二密封件43可以为透明或半透明结构，光学检测件52发射的检测光能够穿过第二密封件43照射至光学触发件51，光学触发件51反射的检测光也能够穿过第二密封件43照射回光学检测件52。第二密封件43透光的设置，使得即使第二密封件43将光学触发件51和光学检测件52分隔在不同的腔体内，光学触发件51和光学检测件52也可以通过发射和反射检测光实现对操作件4转动方向和转动角度的检测。
在一实施例中，第二密封件43也可以非透明等特殊结构，且第二密封件43能够允许特殊光透过，光学检测件52发射的检测光包括特殊光，使得检测光同样能够穿过第二密封件43实现检测。如特殊光为红外光，第二密封件43能够允许红外光穿过，光学检测件52发射的检测光包括红外光，光学触发件51用于反射红外光，光学触发件51和光学检测件52通过发射和反射红外光实现对操作件4转动角度和转动方向的检测。
如图15所示，一种实施例中提供了一种医疗内窥镜摄像系统1000，医疗内窥镜摄像系统1000包括光源10、导光束20、医疗内窥镜设备、通信线缆81、摄像主机60、显示器70和视频连接线82。其中，医疗内窥镜设备为上述实施例中的医疗内窥镜设备。
医疗内窥镜设备包括插入部30和摄像头50，插入部30可以为硬管内窥镜，插入部30包括前端和后端，光源10通过导光束20与插入部30的后端连接，插入部30内具有照明通道和成像通道，光源10发射的照明光和/或激励光依次经过导光束20和插入部30的照明通道照射至患者待观察部位。
摄像主机60通过通信线缆81与医疗内窥镜设备连接，医疗内窥镜设备获得的图像信号通过通信线缆81传输到摄像主机60进行处理。在某些实施例中，通信线缆81可以为光通信线缆，例如光纤；医疗内窥镜设备将图像信号（电信号）转成光信号，由通信线缆81传输到摄像主机60，摄像主机60再将光信号转成电信号。摄像主机60通过视频连接线82与显示器70连接，用于将视频信号发送到显示器70进行显示。本领技术人员应当理解的是，图15仅是医疗内窥镜摄像系统1000的示例，并不构成对医疗内窥镜摄像系统1000的限定，医疗内窥镜摄像系统1000可以包括比图15所示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者不同的部件。
光源10用于向患者待观察部位100提供照明光源。所述照明光源包括可见光照明光源和对应于荧光试剂的激光照明光源（例如近红外光）。光源10包括，但不局限于激光光源、LED光源或激光二极管。
在本实施例中，光源10包括可见光光源和对应于荧光试剂的激光光源。可见光光源为LED光源。在一实施例中，可见光光源可分别提供不同波长范围的多个单色光，例如蓝光、绿光、红光等。在其他实施例中，可见光光源还可以提供所述多个单色光的组合光，或者是宽光谱的白光光源。所述单色光的波长范围大致为400nm至700nm。激光光源用于产生激光。所述激光例如是近红外光（Near Infrared；NIR）。所述激光的峰值波长取780nm或808nm范围内至少任意1个值。
光源10可向待观察部位同时提供连续的可见光和对应于荧光试剂的激光，也可以分时地提供两种类型的光。
其中，采用医疗内窥镜摄像系统1000进行成像之前，在患者待观察部位100中通过静脉或皮下注射方式引入造影剂，例如吲哚菁绿（Indocyanine Green；ICG），以便对用标准可见光成像技术不容易看到的组织结构和功能（例如脉管中的血液/淋巴液/胆汁）成像。患者待观察部位100包括，但不局限于血液循环系统、淋巴系统和肿瘤组织。ICG俗称靛氰绿、诊断用绿针、吲哚花青绿，其是目前在心血管系统疾病临床诊断中常用的一种造影剂，广泛应用于脉络膜和视网膜血管成像。当患者待观察部位100中的造影剂吸收所述激光光源产生的对应于荧光试剂的激光后可产生荧光。
本申请实施例提供的医疗内窥镜摄像系统1000，由于在医疗内窥镜设备内增加了驱动装置3和检测装置5，能够通过检测装置5检测操作件4的操作量，并根据检测的操作量通过驱动装置3驱动光学组件1进行调焦，操作件4为非直接驱动件，解除了操作件4的转动限制，使得操作件4能够任意转动间接驱动调焦，极大地提高了使用手感，以及增加了调焦的范围。
以上应用了具体个例对本发明进行阐述，只是用于帮助理解本发明，并不用以限制本发明。对于本发明所属技术领域的技术人员，依据本发明的思想，还可以做出若干简单推演、变形或替换。

Claims (61)

1. 一种医疗内窥镜设备, 其特征在于，包括：
插入部（30），所述插入部（30）包括前端和后端，所述插入部（30）的前端用于插入患者待观察部位（100），并采集所述患者待观察部位（100）反射和/或被激发的图像光；以及
摄像头（50），所述摄像头（50）包括：
光学组件（1），所述光学组件（1）与所述插入部（30）的后端对接；
图像传感器组件（2），所述光学组件（1）与所述图像传感器组件（2）可相对移动设置，所述光学组件（1）用于将所述插入部（30）采集的所述图像光照射至所述图像传感器组件（2），所述图像传感器组件用于获取所述图像光，并根据所述图像光生成图像信号，所述图像信号用于生成所述患者待观察部位（100）的可视图像；
驱动装置（3），所述驱动装置（3）与所述光学组件（1）和/或所述图像传感器组件（2）连接，所述驱动装置（3）用于驱动所述光学组件（1）和所述图像传感器组件（2）中的至少一个移动，以调节所述光学组件（1）与所述图像传感器组件（2）之间的光路距离；
可转动的操作件（4）；以及
检测装置（5），包括光学触发件（51）和光学检测件（52），所述光学触发件（51）和所述光学检测件（52）的至少一者与所述操作件（4）联动设置，所述操作件（4）的转动能够致使所述光学触发件（51）和所述光学检测件（52）之间的相对转动；
所述光学触发件（51）上设有触发区（511）；
所述光学检测件（52）用于发射检测光照射至所述触发区（511），所述触发区（511）用于反射或透射所述检测光；所述检测光随着所述操作件（4）的转动照射至所述触发区（511）的不同位置上，所述光学检测件（52）还用于接收所述触发区（511）反射或透射的所述检测光，并基于所述反射或透射的所述检测光生成有差异的电信号；所述驱动装置（3）根据所述有差异的电信号驱动所述光学组件（1）和所述图像传感器组件（2）中的至少一个移动，以调节所述光学组件（1）与所述图像传感器组件（2）之间的光路距离实现调焦。
如权利要求1所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述有差异的电信号能够至少用于确定所述操作件的转动角度。
如权利要求1所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述触发区（511）的不同位置对所述检测光的反射或透射能够形成有差异的反射光或透射光，所述光学检测件（52）还用于接收所述有差异的反射光或透射光，并基于所述有差异的反射光或透射光生成所述有差异的电信号。
如权利要求1所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述触发区（511）包括沿圆周方向设置的若干个子触发区，相邻的所述子触发区具有不同的光反射率或透射率。
如权利要求4所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，每个所述子触发区具有相同的圆周方向的宽度，和/或，相邻的所述子触发区之间具有相同的间距。
如权利要求4所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述若干个子触发区的光反射率或透射率沿着所述圆周方向递增或递减。
如权利要求1所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述触发区（511）包括交替设置的第一子触发区（5111）和第二子触发区（5112），所述第一子触发区（5111）和所述第二子触发区（5112）具有不同的光反射率或透射率。
如权利要求7所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述光学检测件（52）用于发射第一检测光和第二检测光，所述电信号包括第一电信号和第二电信号，所述第一检测光和所述第二检测光用于同时照射所述触发区的不同位置；所述触发（511）区对所述第一检测光的反射或透射形成第一反射光或第一透射光，所述触发区（511）对所述第二检测光的反射或透射形成第二反射光或第二透射光，所述光学检测件（52）还用于接收所述第一反射光或第一透射光，并生成第一电信号，所述光学检测件（52）还用于接收所述第二反射光或所述第二透射光，并生成第二电信号，所述第一电信号和/或所述第二电信号用于计算所述操作件（4）的转动角度，所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号用于共同判定所述操作件（4）的转动方向。
如权利要求8所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述第一检测光照射所述第一子触发区（5111）的状态下，所述第二检测光照射至所述第二子触发区（5112），且所述第一检测光照射所述第二子触发区（5112）的状态下，所述第二检测光照射至所述第一子触发区（5111）。
如权利要求8所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述第一电信号包括第一脉冲信号，所述第二电信号包括第二脉冲信号，所述第一脉冲信号和所述第二脉冲信号之间具有脉冲相位差。
如权利要求10所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述第一脉冲信号和所述第二脉冲信号之间的脉冲相位差为90°。
如权利要求8所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述光学检测件（52）包括第一光学检测件（521）和第二光学检测件（522），所述第一光学检测件（521）用于发射第一检测光及接收所述第一反射光或所述第一透射光，并生成所述第一电信号；所述第二光学检测件（522）用于发射第二检测光及接收所述第二反射光或所述第二透射光，并生成所述第二电信号。
如权利要求1所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述触发区沿着圆周方向具有渐变的光反射率或透射率。
如权利要求13所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述渐变的光反射率或透射率为线性变化的光反射率或透射率。
如权利要求1所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述光学触发件（51）具有侧平面（51a），所述光学触发件（51）和所述光学检测件（52）之间相对转动的中轴线垂直所述侧平面（51a），所述触发区（511）设置在所述侧平面（51a）上；或者，所述光学触发件（51）具有柱面（51b），所述柱面（51b）的中轴线与所述光学触发件（51）和所述光学检测件（52）之间相对转动的中轴线重合，所述触发区（511）设置在所述柱面（51b）上。
如权利要求1所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述光学检测件（52）具有发射端（52a）和接收端（52b），所述触发区（511）用于反射所述检测光，所述发射端（52a）和所述接收端（52b）位于所述光学触发件（51）的同一侧；和/或，所述触发区（511）用于透射所述检测光，所述发射端（52a）和所述接收端（52b）位于所述光学触发件（51）的两侧。
如权利要求1所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述光学组件（1）的光路环境与所述检测装置（5）的光路环境相互隔离。
如权利要求17所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，还包括镜筒（7），所述光学组件（1）设置在所述镜筒（7）内，所述光学组件（1）的光路环境位于所述镜筒（7）的内侧，所述检测装置（5）的光路环境位于所述镜筒（7）的外侧。
如权利要求18所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述操作件（4）位于所述镜筒（7）的外侧，所述操作件（4）能够相对所述镜筒（7）转动，所述操作件（4）和/或所述镜筒（7）设有环形凹槽（41），所述检测装置（5）位于所述环形凹槽（41）内。
如权利要求18所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述操作件（4）设有环形凹槽（41），所述光学触发件（51）位于所述环形凹槽（41）的轴向侧壁上，所述光学检测件（52）设置在所述镜筒（7）上。
如权利要求19或20所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述环形凹槽（41）具有轴向开口，所述轴向开口设有第一密封件（42）。
如权利要求1所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述摄像头（50）设有密封腔体（A），所述检测装置（5）位于所述密封腔体（A）内。
如权利要求22所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述光学组件（1）和所述图像传感器组件（2）位于所述密封腔体（A）内。
如权利要求1所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述摄像头（50）设有密封腔体（A），所述光学触发件（51）位于所述密封腔体（A）外，所述光学检测件（52）位于所述密封腔体（A）内。
如权利要求24所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述光学触发件（51）和所述光学检测件（52）之间设有第二密封件（43），所述第二密封件（43）为围合成所述密封腔体（A）的一部分，所述检测光能够穿过所述第二密封件（43）。
如权利要求25所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述第二密封件（43）为透明或半透明结构。
如权利要求25所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述第二密封件（43）为能够供特殊光穿过的结构，所述检测光包括特殊光。
一种医疗内窥镜设备, 其特征在于，包括：
插入部（30），所述插入部（30）包括前端和后端，所述插入部（30）的前端用于插入患者待观察部位（100），并采集所述患者待观察部位（100）反射和/或被激发的图像光；以及
摄像头（50），所述摄像头（50）包括：
光学组件（1），所述光学组件（1）与所述插入部（30）的后端对接；
图像传感器组件（12），所述光学组件（1）与所述图像传感器组件（2）可相对移动设置，所述光学组件（1）用于将所述插入部（30）采集的所述图像光照射至所述图像传感器组件（2），所述图像传感器组件用于获取所述图像光，并根据所述图像光生成图像信号，所述图像信号用于生成所述患者待观察部位（100）的可视图像；
驱动装置（3），所述驱动装置（3）与所述光学组件（1）和/或所述图像传感器组件（2）连接，所述驱动装置（3）用于驱动所述光学组件（1）和所述图像传感器组件（2）中的至少一个移动，以调节所述光学组件（1）与所述图像传感器组件（2）之间的光路距离；
可转动的操作件（4）；
固定件（7，21），所述操作件（4）能够相对所述固定件（7，21）转动，所述操作件（4）和所述固定件（7，21）中的一者设有触发区（511）；以及
检测装置（5），包括光学检测件（52），所述光学检测件（52）设置在所述操作件（4）和所述固定件中的另一者上，所述操作件（4）的转动能够致使所述触发区（511）和所述光学检测件（52）之间的相对转动；
所述光学检测件（52）用于发射检测光照射至所述触发区（511），所述触发区（511）用于反射或透射所述检测光，所述检测光随着所述操作件（4）的转动照射至所述触发区（511）的不同位置上，所述光学检测件（52）还用于接收所述触发区（511）反射或透射的所述检测光，并基于所述反射或透射的所述检测光生成有差异的电信号；所述驱动装置（3）根据所述有差异的电信号驱动所述光学组件（1）和所述图像传感器组件（2）中的至少一个移动，以调节所述光学组件（1）与所述图像传感器组件（2）之间的光路距离实现调焦。
如权利要求28所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述有差异的电信号能够至少用于确定所述操作件的转动角度。
如权利要求28所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述触发区（511）的不同位置对所述检测光的反射或透射能够形成有差异的反射光或透射光，所述光学检测件（52）还用于接收所述有差异的反射光或透射光，并基于所述有差异的反射光或透射光生成所述有差异的电信号。
如权利要求28所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述触发区（511）包括沿着圆周方向设置的若干个子触发区，相邻的所述子触发区具有不同的光反射率或透射率。
如权利要求31所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述若干个子触发区的光反射率或透射率沿着所述圆周方向递增或递减。
如权利要求28所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述触发区包括交替设置的第一子触发区（5111）和第二子触发区（5112），所述第一子触发区（5111）和所述第二子触发区（5112）具有不同的光反射率或透射率。
如权利要求33所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述光学检测件（52）用于发射第一检测光和第二检测光，所述电信号包括第一电信号和第二电信号，所述第一检测光和所述第二检测光用于同时照射所述触发区的不同位置；所述触发（511）区对所述第一检测光的反射或透射形成第一反射光或第一透射光，所述触发区（511）对所述第二检测光的反射或透射形成第二反射光或第二透射光，所述光学检测件（52）还用于接收所述第一反射光或所述第一透射光，并生成第一电信号，所述光学检测件（52）还用于接收所述第二反射光或所述第二透射光，并生成第二电信号，所述第一电信号和/或所述第二电信号用于计算所述操作件（4）的转动角度，所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号用于共同判定所述操作件（4）的转动方向。
如权利要求34所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述第一检测光照射所述第一子触发区（5111）的状态下，所述第二检测光照射至所述第二子触发区（5112），且所述第一检测光照射所述第二子触发区（5112）的状态下，所述第二检测光照射至所述第一子触发区（5111）。
如权利要求34所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述第一电信号包括第一脉冲信号，所述第二电信号包括第二脉冲信号，所述第一脉冲信号和所述第二脉冲信号之间具有脉冲相位差。
如权利要求28所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述触发区沿着圆周方向具有渐变的光反射率或透射率。
如权利要求37所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述触发区沿着所述圆周方向具有线性变化的光反射率或透射率。
一种医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，包括：
可转动的操作件（4）；以及
检测装置（5），包括光学触发件（51）和光学检测件（52）；
所述光学触发件（51）和所述光学检测件（52）的至少一者用于与操作件（4）联动设置，所述操作件（4）的转动能够致使所述光学触发件（51）和所述光学检测件（52）之间的相对转动；
所述光学触发件（51）上设有触发区（511）；
所述光学检测件（52）用于发射检测光照射至所述触发区（511），所述触发区（511）用于反射或透射所述检测光；所述检测光随着所述操作件（4）的转动照射至所述触发区（511）的不同位置上，所述光学检测件（52）还用于接收所述触发区（511）反射或透射的所述检测光，并基于所述反射或透射的所述检测光生成有差异的电信号；所述有差异的电信号用于所述医疗内窥镜设备的调焦。
如权利要求39所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述有差异的电信号能够至少用于确定所述操作件的转动角度。
如权利要求39所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述触发区（511）的不同位置对所述检测光的反射或透射能够形成有差异的反射光或透射光，所述光学检测件（52）还用于接收所述有差异的反射光或透射光，并基于所述有差异的反射光或透射光生成所述有差异的电信号。
如权利要求39所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述触发区（511）包括沿着圆周方向设置的若干个子触发区，相邻的所述子触发区具有不同的光反射率或透射率。
如权利要求42所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述若干个子触发区的光反射率或透射率沿着所述圆周方向递增或递减。
如权利要求39所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述触发区包括交替设置的第一子触发区（5111）和第二子触发区（5112），所述第一子触发区（5111）和所述第二子触发区（5112）具有不同的光反射率或透射率。
如权利要求44所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述光学检测件（52）用于发射第一检测光和第二检测光，所述电信号包括第一电信号和第二电信号，所述第一检测光和所述第二检测光用于同时照射所述触发区的不同位置；所述触发（511）区对所述第一检测光的反射或透射形成第一反射光或第一透射光，所述触发区（511）对所述第二检测光的反射或透射形成第二反射光或第二透射光，所述光学检测件（52）还用于接收所述第一反射光或所述第一透射光，并生成第一电信号，所述光学检测件（52）还用于接收所述第二反射光或所述第二透射光，并生成第二电信号，所述第一电信号和/或所述第二电信号用于计算所述操作件（4）的转动角度，所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号用于共同判定所述操作件（4）的转动方向。
如权利要求45所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述第一检测光照射所述第一子触发区（5111）的状态下，所述第二检测光照射至所述第二子触发区（5112），且所述第一检测光照射所述第二子触发区（5112）的状态下，所述第二检测光照射至所述第一子触发区（5111）。
如权利要求45所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述第一电信号包括第一脉冲信号，所述第二电信号包括第二脉冲信号，所述第一脉冲信号和所述第二脉冲信号之间具有脉冲相位差。
如权利要求39所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述触发区沿着所述圆周方向具有渐变的光反射率或透射率。
如权利要求48所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述触发区沿着所述圆周方向具有线性变化的光反射率或透射率。
一种医疗内窥镜设备, 其特征在于，包括：
可转动的操作件（4）；
固定件（7，21），所述操作件（4）能够相对所述固定件（7，21）转动，所述操作件（4）和所述固定件（7，21）中的一者设有触发区（511）；以及
检测装置（5），包括光学检测件（52），所述光学检测件（52）设置在所述操作件（4）和所述固定件中的另一者上，所述操作件（4）的转动能够致使所述触发区（511）和所述光学检测件（52）之间的相对转动；
所述光学检测件（52）用于发射检测光照射至所述触发区（511），所述触发区（511）用于反射或透射所述检测光，所述光学检测件（52）还用于接收所述触发区（511）反射或透射的所述检测光，并基于所述反射或透射的所述检测光生成有差异的电信号；所述有差异的电信号用于所述医疗内窥镜设备的调焦。
如权利要求50所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述有差异的电信号能够至少用于确定所述操作件的转动角度。
如权利要求50所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述触发区（511）的不同位置对所述检测光的反射或透射能够形成有差异的反射光或透射光，所述光学检测件（52）还用于接收所述有差异的反射光或透射光，并基于所述有差异的反射光或透射光生成所述有差异的电信号。
如权利要求50所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述触发区（511）包括沿着圆周方向设置的若干个子触发区，相邻的所述子触发区具有不同的光反射率或透射率。
如权利要求53所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述若干个子触发区的光反射率或透射率沿着所述圆周方向递增或递减。
如权利要求50所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述触发区包括交替设置的第一子触发区（5111）和第二子触发区（5112），所述第一子触发区（5111）和所述第二子触发区（5112）具有不同的光反射率或透射率。
如权利要求55所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述光学检测件（52）用于发射第一检测光和第二检测光，所述电信号包括第一电信号和第二电信号，所述第一检测光和所述第二检测光用于同时照射所述触发区的不同位置；所述触发（511）区对所述第一检测光的反射或透射形成第一反射光或第一透射光，所述触发区（511）对所述第二检测光的反射或透射形成第二反射光或第二透射光，所述光学检测件（52）还用于接收所述第一反射光或所述第一透射光，并生成第一电信号，所述光学检测件（52）还用于接收所述第二反射光或所述第二透射光，并生成第二电信号，所述第一电信号和/或所述第二电信号用于计算所述操作件（4）的转动角度，所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号用于共同判定所述操作件（4）的转动方向。
如权利要求56所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述第一检测光照射所述第一子触发区（5111）的状态下，所述第二检测光照射至所述第二子触发区（5112），且所述第一检测光照射所述第二子触发区（5112）的状态下，所述第二检测光照射至所述第一子触发区（5111）。
如权利要求56所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述第一电信号包括第一脉冲信号，所述第二电信号包括第二脉冲信号，所述第一脉冲信号和所述第二脉冲信号之间具有脉冲相位差。
如权利要求50所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述触发区沿着圆周方向具有渐变的光反射率或透射率。
如权利要求59所述的医疗内窥镜设备，其特征在于，所述触发区沿着所述圆周方向具有线性变化的光反射率或透射率。
一种医疗内窥镜摄像系统，其特征在于，包括光源（10）、导光束（20）、摄像主机（60）、显示器（70）和权利要求1至54中任一项所述的医疗内窥镜设备，所述光源（10）通过所述导光束（20）与插入部（30）连接，所述光源（10）发射的照明光和/或激发光经过所述导光束（20）和所述插入部（30）照射至所述患者待观察部位（100），所述摄像主机（60）分别与所述医疗内窥镜设备的摄像头（50）和所述显示器（70）信号连接，所述摄像主机（60）用于从所述摄像头（50）获取所述图像信号，并进行处理后输出到所述显示器（70）进行显示。
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