WO2023178463A1 - 一种电池系统的控制方法、控制设备及电池系统 - Google Patents

一种电池系统的控制方法、控制设备及电池系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023178463A1
WO2023178463A1 PCT/CN2022/081895 CN2022081895W WO2023178463A1 WO 2023178463 A1 WO2023178463 A1 WO 2023178463A1 CN 2022081895 W CN2022081895 W CN 2022081895W WO 2023178463 A1 WO2023178463 A1 WO 2023178463A1
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Prior art keywords
battery
current
cluster
clusters
battery system
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PCT/CN2022/081895
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈新伟
蔡金博
高锦凤
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宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Priority to EP22932534.5A priority Critical patent/EP4366118A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2022/081895 priority patent/WO2023178463A1/zh
Priority to CN202280058917.XA priority patent/CN117941206A/zh
Publication of WO2023178463A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023178463A1/zh
Priority to US18/434,902 priority patent/US20240178686A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00034—Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0018—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using separate charge circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
    • H02J7/00716—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current in response to integrated charge or discharge current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of batteries, and more specifically, to a battery system control method, control equipment and battery system.
  • batteries have been widely used in many fields such as electric tools, electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric vehicles, military equipment, aerospace, etc., and have thus achieved great development.
  • a battery energy storage system a larger capacity battery is required as a power supply system, so multiple batteries are usually connected in parallel or in series to form a battery cluster, and then multiple battery clusters are connected in parallel to form a battery system as an energy storage system for power supply.
  • SOC state of charge
  • voltage voltage
  • current current between parallel-connected battery clusters
  • circulating currents will occur between battery clusters.
  • the circulating current between battery clusters will cause high-voltage battery clusters to cause low-voltage battery clusters.
  • Charging makes this part of the capacity unusable, ultimately leading to a waste of battery system capacity and affecting the stability of the battery system's power supply. Therefore, how to fully utilize the capacity of the battery system is a problem that needs to be solved.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a battery system control method, control equipment and battery system. This method can utilize the circulation between battery clusters so that the battery clusters can utilize the remaining capacity as much as possible at the end of charging and discharging, thereby improving the battery system. capacity utilization.
  • a method for controlling a battery system includes N parallel battery clusters, and each of the battery clusters has a DCDC converter (Direct current-direct current converter, DCDC converter) connected in series with it. ), the method includes: determining that the state of charge SOC and current of the first battery cluster among the N battery clusters satisfy a first preset condition, where the first preset condition includes: The SOC is greater than the first threshold and the current of the first battery cluster is greater than the second threshold or less than the third threshold, or the SOC of the first battery cluster is less than the fourth threshold and the current of the first battery cluster is greater than the The second threshold is or less than the third threshold, wherein the second threshold is set according to the maximum allowable current of the first battery cluster, and the third threshold is set according to the average current of the N battery clusters; to The first DCDC converter connected in series of the first battery cluster sends first information, and the first information is used to indicate controlling the current of the first battery cluster to reach a first preset current.
  • DCDC converter Direct current-direct current converter
  • first information is sent to the first DCDC converter to instruct the first DCDC converter to adjust the current of the first battery cluster.
  • Meeting the first preset condition means that the first battery cluster has entered the end of charging and discharging and the current is abnormal. At this time, circulation between battery clusters is inevitable. At the end of charging and discharging the battery clusters, the circulating current between the battery clusters can be used to allow the battery clusters with high voltage to charge the battery clusters with low voltage, thereby making the SOC between different battery clusters approach equilibrium.
  • the current of the first battery cluster By controlling the current of the first battery cluster to reach a preset value, it is possible to prevent the first battery cluster from reaching the cut-off condition prematurely and being disconnected, thereby extending the power supply time of the first battery cluster and other battery clusters in the battery system and making full use of the battery system.
  • the capacity at the end of charge and discharge of the battery cluster helps improve the capacity utilization of the battery system.
  • the method before sending the first information to the first DCDC converter connected in series with the first battery cluster, the method further includes: starting from the first DCDC converter, sequentially sending the first information to the battery system
  • the N DCDC converters in the DCDC converters send state switching instructions, and the state switching instructions are used to instruct the N electronically controlled switches connected in parallel to the N DCDC converters to be disconnected.
  • state switching instructions are sequentially sent to all DCDC converters in the battery system starting from the first DCDC converter.
  • all DCDC converters in the battery system are connected to the circuit, so that the DCDC converters in the circuit can receive and respond to current commands or voltage commands in a timely manner, which is helpful for battery maintenance.
  • the battery clusters in the system that meet the first preset conditions adjust the current in time; on the other hand, the DCDC converters in the control circuit are connected to the circuit in sequence, which helps to alleviate the circuit oscillation caused when multiple DCDC converters are connected to the circuit at the same time. , to help improve the stability of the battery system.
  • the method before sending the first information to the first DCDC converter connected in series with the first battery cluster, the method further includes: confirming that the N electronically controlled switches in the battery system are all off. open.
  • the first information is sent to the first battery cluster, which helps to reduce the conflict between the first information and the state switching instructions and helps improve the battery The stability of the system in terms of software.
  • the method before sending the first information to the first DCDC converter connected in series with the first battery cluster, the method further includes: starting from the first DCDC converter, sequentially sending the first information to the battery system
  • the N DCDC converters in the N DCDC converters send current instructions or voltage instructions, the current instructions are used to indicate the target currents of the N battery clusters corresponding to the N DCDC converters, and the voltage instructions are used to indicate Target voltages of the N battery clusters corresponding to the N DCDC converters.
  • the device controls the current or voltage of the battery cluster according to the target current or target voltage, for example, maintaining the current voltage or current of the battery cluster.
  • the method further includes: determining that the current of a second battery cluster among the N battery clusters satisfies a second preset condition, where the second preset condition includes: The ratio of the current to the average current of the N battery clusters is less than the fifth threshold, or the ratio of the current of the second battery cluster to the average current of the N battery clusters is greater than the sixth threshold; to the third A second DCDC converter connected in series with two battery clusters sends second information, and the second information is used to indicate controlling the current of the second battery cluster to reach a second preset current.
  • second information is sent to the second DCDC converter to adjust the current of the second battery cluster.
  • the method further includes: determining that the current of a third battery cluster among the N battery clusters satisfies a third preset condition, where the third preset condition includes: The current is greater than a seventh threshold, wherein the seventh threshold is set according to the maximum allowable current of the third battery cluster, the maximum charging current of the third battery cluster, or the maximum discharge current of the third battery cluster; to The third DCDC converter connected in series to the third battery cluster sends third information, and the third information is used to indicate controlling the current of the third battery cluster to reach a third preset current.
  • third information is sent to the third DCDC converter to adjust the current of the third battery cluster.
  • the sequentially sending state switching instructions to the N DCDC converters in the battery system includes: according to the current magnitude of the N battery clusters, sequentially sending state switching instructions to the corresponding DCDC converters in the battery system in ascending order. N of the DCDC converters send the state switching instructions.
  • the sequentially sending state switching instructions to the N DCDC converters in the battery system includes: according to the current magnitude of the N battery clusters, sequentially sending state switching instructions to the N DCDC converters in the battery system in descending order.
  • the corresponding N DCDC converters send the state switching instructions.
  • the corresponding DCDC converters are connected to the circuit in ascending or descending order according to the current of each battery cluster in the battery system, so that the battery clusters in the battery system whose current is close to the cut-off condition are preferentially connected to the DCDC converter. This is controlled by the DCDC converter, and the remaining battery clusters can continue to charge and discharge for a period of time before being connected to the DCDC converter, making full use of the charge and discharge capacity of the battery cluster and helping to improve the capacity utilization of the battery system.
  • the sequentially sending current instructions or voltage instructions to the N DCDC converters in the battery system includes: according to the current magnitude of the N battery clusters, sequentially sending the current instructions or voltage instructions to the N battery clusters in the battery system in ascending order.
  • the corresponding N DCDC converters send the current command or the voltage command.
  • the sequentially sending current instructions or voltage instructions to the N DCDC converters in the battery system includes: according to the current magnitude of the N battery clusters, sequentially sending the current instructions or voltage instructions to the N battery clusters in the battery system in descending order.
  • the corresponding N DCDC converters send the current command or the voltage command.
  • current or voltage instructions are sent to the corresponding DCDC converters in ascending or descending order according to the current of each battery cluster in the battery system, which can make the battery clusters in the battery system whose current is close to the cut-off condition receive priority from the DCDC converter.
  • Current or voltage regulation, and the remaining battery clusters can continue to charge and discharge for a period of time before being regulated by the DCDC converter, making full use of the charge and discharge capacity of the battery cluster to help improve the capacity utilization of the battery system.
  • the battery system further includes a status acquisition unit
  • the method further includes: receiving the SOC and current of the N battery clusters sent by the status acquisition unit.
  • a second aspect provides a control device for a battery system.
  • the control device for a battery system includes: a processor and a memory storing computer program instructions; when the processor executes the computer program instructions, any of the aspects of the first aspect are implemented.
  • a method for controlling a battery system according to an embodiment.
  • a battery system in a third aspect, includes: N parallel battery clusters, a DCDC converter in series with each of the battery clusters, and a control device; the control device is used to perform the first step
  • the control method of the battery system according to any embodiment of the aspect.
  • a computer storage medium is provided.
  • Computer program instructions are stored on the computer storage medium.
  • the control method of the battery system as described in any embodiment of the first aspect is implemented.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is another schematic structural diagram of the battery system according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a charge and discharge curve according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic flow chart of a battery system control method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is another schematic flow chart of a battery system control method according to the application embodiment
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a control device of a battery system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application.
  • the appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
  • batteries are usually connected in parallel or in series to form battery clusters, and the battery clusters are then connected in parallel to form battery systems for use as energy storage systems.
  • the battery system is connected to the power grid to meet the regulation and distribution of power by the grid.
  • the terminal voltages of different battery clusters are different, which easily generates circulating currents between the battery clusters, that is, the current flows from the battery cluster with the higher electromotive force to the battery cluster with higher electromotive force.
  • Battery clusters with low electromotive force cause battery clusters with high state of charge (SOC) to charge battery clusters with low SOC.
  • the battery cluster will discharge its capacity earlier than other battery clusters with higher SOC, reach the cut-off condition earlier, and then disconnect and exit the power supply system.
  • the battery cluster with smaller SOC is adjusted during the charging and discharging stage to reduce the SOC difference between battery clusters, it can effectively prevent the battery cluster with small SOC from reaching the cut-off condition early, so that the battery clusters in the battery system can reach the cut-off condition at the same time as much as possible. , thereby increasing the constant power supply time of the battery system and improving the battery capacity utilization.
  • the present application provides a battery system control method, control device and computer storage medium.
  • This method can effectively utilize the battery capacity in the non-platform area at the end of charge and discharge, utilize and control the circulation between battery clusters, so that different batteries The SOC between clusters tends to be balanced at the end of charge and discharge, thereby improving the capacity utilization of the battery system.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a battery system applicable to embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery system 100 may include N parallel battery clusters 101 and N DC-DC converters (Direct current-direct current converter, DCDC converter) 102, each battery cluster 101 and a DCDC converter. 102 are connected in series, and each battery cluster 101 is composed of several batteries connected in parallel or in series.
  • DCDC converter Direct current-direct current converter
  • the battery cluster 101 is composed of several batteries connected in parallel or in series.
  • one end of the DCDC converter 102 is connected in series with the battery cluster 101 through wires
  • the other end of the DCDC converter 102 is connected in parallel with the battery cluster 101 through wires, so that the DCDC converter 102 can regulate the batteries connected in series with it.
  • the voltage of the cluster 101 thereby regulates the current of the battery cluster 101 .
  • N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • one end of the DCDC converter 102 can be connected in series to the positive or negative electrode of the battery cluster 101 , or can be connected in series at any position among several batteries in the battery cluster 101 .
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the series connection position of the DCDC converter 102 and the battery cluster 101 .
  • the batteries in the battery cluster 101 can be any type of battery, including but not limited to: lithium-ion batteries, lithium metal batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, lead-acid batteries, nickel separator batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries Batteries, or lithium-air batteries, etc.
  • the battery in the embodiment of the present application can be a cell/battery unit (Cell), or a battery module or a battery pack.
  • the specific type and scale of the battery are No specific restrictions are made.
  • the battery system 100 can be used as a normal charging pile, a super charging pile, a charging pile supporting vehicle to grid (V2G) mode, etc.
  • V2G vehicle to grid
  • the embodiments of this application do not limit the specific application scenarios of the battery system 101.
  • the battery system 100 also includes a status acquisition unit 103.
  • the status acquisition unit 103 is connected to the DCDC converter 102 through a communication line 104, wherein the communication line 140 is used to implement the status acquisition unit 103 and DCDC conversion. information exchange between servers 102.
  • the status collection unit 103 may be one or multiple, and the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the number of the status collection units 103 .
  • the status acquisition unit 103 can collect status information such as current, voltage, SOC, etc. of the battery cluster 101 .
  • the communication line 140 includes, but is not limited to, a Control Area Network (CAN) communication bus or a Daisy chain communication bus.
  • CAN Control Area Network
  • the communication line 140 includes, but is not limited to, a Control Area Network (CAN) communication bus or a Daisy chain communication bus.
  • CAN Control Area Network
  • the battery system 100 includes a main control unit 105 , and the main control unit 105 and the status acquisition unit 103 are connected through a communication line 104 .
  • the main control unit 105 can also be connected to the DCDC converter 102 through the communication line 104.
  • the status acquisition unit 103 can also communicate with the DCDC converter 102 through a wireless network, Bluetooth, etc.
  • the connection method of the main control unit 105 is similar and will not be described again.
  • the embodiments of this application do not specifically limit the wired communication type or the wireless communication type.
  • the battery system 100 can also be connected to a power converter (Power conversion system, PCS) 110.
  • the PCS 110 includes a DC/AC converter (Direct current-alternating current converter, DCAC converter). ), used to regulate the charging and discharging process of the battery system 100 and perform AC to DC conversion to supply power to AC loads when there is no power grid.
  • the position of the PCS 110 can also be the load and the bus DCDC converter, that is, the battery system 100 can also be directly connected to the load and the bus DCDC converter.
  • the embodiment of this application does not specify the specific connection objects of the battery system 100 at the PCS 110 limited.
  • FIG. 2 shows another structural diagram related to the battery cluster 101 in the battery system 100 according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • one end of the DCDC converter 102 is connected in series with the battery cluster 101 through wires, and the other end of the DCDC converter 102 is connected in parallel with the power source 106 .
  • the power source 106 may be an independent battery, a supercapacitor (Supercapacitor), a DC bus, etc., used to supply power to the DCDC converter 102, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the DCDC converter 102 may be an isolated DCDC converter or a non-isolated DCDC converter.
  • one end of the DCDC converter 102 connected in series with the battery cluster 101 is also connected in parallel with an electronically controlled switch 107 .
  • the electronically controlled switch 107 When the electronically controlled switch 107 is turned off, the DCDC converter 102 is connected to the circuit, connected in series with the battery cluster 101 and adjusts the voltage or current of the battery cluster 101; when the electronically controlled switch 107 is turned on, the DCDC converter 102 is short-circuited, and the DCDC converter Device 102 is in bypass state.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a charging and discharging curve applicable to the embodiment of the present application.
  • curve a is the charging curve of the battery cluster 101
  • curve b is the discharge curve of the battery cluster 101 .
  • the voltage of the battery cluster 101 first rapidly rises to a stable voltage. This stable voltage is related to the equilibrium potential of the battery. After the battery cluster 101 is continuously charged to a certain capacity with this stable voltage, the voltage continues to rise rapidly. , once the voltage reaches the cut-off voltage, charging of the battery cluster 101 needs to be stopped, otherwise it will be overcharged and cause safety problems.
  • the voltage of the battery cluster 101 first drops to a stable voltage, and continues to discharge at this stable constant voltage to provide external energy. After being discharged to a certain capacity, the voltage continues to decrease rapidly, and the discharge is stopped after reaching the cut-off condition. It can be seen from this that during the charging and discharging process of the battery cluster 101, the battery cluster 101 will experience a voltage stable stage, which is a plateau area, and the beginning and end of charging and discharging are called non-platform areas. It should be noted that although the non-platform area can refer to either the beginning or the end of charge and discharge, the non-platform area in the embodiments of this application is discussed with respect to the end of charge and discharge. Therefore, the non-platform area in the embodiments of this application is The areas all refer to the non-platform area at the end of charge and discharge.
  • the battery system 100 needs to operate at a stable voltage.
  • the DCDC converter 102 is used to regulate the SOC of the battery cluster 101, and control the difference between the SOC of different battery clusters 101 in the battery system 100, so that the battery clusters 101 in the battery system 100 arrive at the same time as much as possible Non-platform area.
  • the SOC-based adjustment strategy has limited accuracy and is prone to failure; moreover, in the non-platform area at the end of charge and discharge, the voltage changes quickly but does not reach the cut-off voltage. There is still some capacity that is often not utilized. Especially when the SOC-based adjustment strategy fails, the battery clusters 101 in the battery system 100 that enter the non-platform area early will reach the cut-off condition early, causing the voltages of other battery clusters 101 that have not yet entered the non-platform area to change drastically and enter the non-platform area early. Platform area, resulting in greater waste of capacity.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a control method 400 for the battery system 100 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • control method 400 is executed by the main control unit 105 connected to the battery system 100, including:
  • S401 Determine that the SOC and current of the first battery cluster among the N battery clusters 101 satisfy the first preset condition.
  • the first preset condition includes: the SOC of the first battery cluster is greater than the first threshold and the current I 1 of the first battery cluster is greater than the second threshold or less than the third threshold, or the SOC of the first battery cluster is less than the fourth threshold. And the current I 1 of the first battery cluster is greater than the second threshold or less than the third threshold, wherein the second threshold is set according to the maximum allowable current of the first battery cluster, and the third threshold is set according to the average current of the N battery clusters 101 .
  • the first information is used to indicate controlling the current of the first battery cluster to reach the first preset current.
  • the first threshold and the fourth threshold can be set according to the SOC value corresponding to the end of the plateau area of the battery cluster 101 .
  • the first threshold may be 80%, 85%, 90%, etc.
  • the second threshold may be 20%, 15%, 10%, etc.
  • the SOC of the first battery cluster is greater than the first threshold or less than the fourth threshold, that is, the first battery cluster enters the non-platform area. In other words, the first battery cluster enters the end of charging and discharging.
  • the second threshold is set according to the maximum allowable current I max1 of the first battery cluster.
  • the maximum allowable current I max1 of the first battery cluster is the maximum current that the circuit in which the first battery cluster is located can pass.
  • the second threshold may be 0.8I max1 , 0.85I max1 , 0.9I max1 , 0.95I max1 , etc.
  • the third threshold is set according to the average current I avg of the N battery clusters 101. If the difference between the current of the first battery cluster and the average current is too large, it means that the current I 1 of the first battery cluster has begun to change rapidly, and it is easy to reach the cutoff early. condition.
  • the third threshold may be 0.8Iavg , 0.85Iavg , 0.9Iavg , 0.95Iavg , etc.
  • the first preset condition is when the charging and discharging of the first battery cluster enters the non-platform area and the current I 1 of the first battery cluster is abnormal.
  • the main control unit 105 After determining that the first battery cluster meets the first preset condition, the main control unit 105 sends first information to the first DCDC converter connected in series with the first battery cluster, instructing the first DCDC converter to charge and discharge the first battery cluster. The end continues to connect to the circuit and adjusts the current I 1 of the first battery cluster. Since the circulating current between the first battery cluster and other battery clusters 101 is inevitable at this time, using this circulating current to charge the first battery cluster reduces the SOC gap between each battery cluster 101 . Taking the discharge process as an example, the first battery cluster meets the first preset condition.
  • the SOC of the first battery cluster is small (less than the fourth threshold), and the first battery cluster is controlled to reach the first preset current so that the first battery The clusters continue to discharge with a smaller current. Since the external power output of the battery system 100 is certain, the battery cluster 101 with a higher SOC in the battery system 100 will automatically discharge with a larger current. At the same time, the battery cluster 101 with a higher SOC and Circulation will also form between the first battery clusters, causing the SOC of the two to gradually become balanced. The control principle of the charging process is similar and will not be described again. As a result, the battery capacity at the end of charge and discharge can be fully utilized.
  • the circulating current between the battery clusters 101 is used to balance the SOC between different battery clusters 101, and the current I1 of the first battery cluster is controlled to reach the first preset current.
  • FIG. 5 is another schematic flowchart of the control method 400 of the battery system 100 according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • control method 400 before sending the first information to the first DCDC converter connected in series with the first battery cluster, the control method 400 further includes:
  • S403 Starting from the first DCDC converter, send state switching instructions to the N DCDC converters 102 in the battery system 100 in sequence.
  • the state switching instruction is used to instruct the electrically controlled switches 107 of the N DCDC converters 102 to be connected in parallel to be disconnected.
  • the DCDC converter 102 is usually connected to the circuit only when the battery cluster 101 needs to be regulated. Since the SOC-based adjustment strategy is adjusted in the plateau region of charge and discharge, the DCDC converter 102 is usually in a state of not being connected to the circuit in the non-platform region of charge and discharge.
  • the main control unit 105 After determining that the first battery cluster meets the first preset condition, the main control unit 105 will sequentially send state switching instructions to the DCDC converters 102 in the battery system 100 starting from the first DCDC converter, so that all DCDC converters 102 are connected. circuit, so that the battery cluster 101 can be controlled according to other instructions.
  • the main control unit 105 connects all the DCDC converters 102 in the battery system 100 to the circuit by sending the first information, so that the battery system 100 is in a feasible state.
  • the control state can receive and respond to current or voltage commands in a timely manner; on the other hand, the main control unit 105 sends the first information in sequence, so that the DCDC converters 102 in the battery system 100 are connected to the circuit in sequence, which helps to alleviate multiple DCDC conversions.
  • the circuit oscillation caused when the device 102 is connected to the circuit at the same time helps improve the stability of the battery system 100.
  • control method 400 before sending the first information to the first DCDC converter connected in series with the first battery cluster, the control method 400 further includes:
  • the DCDC converter 102 can send status feedback information to the main control unit 105.
  • the status feedback information is used to indicate that the electronically controlled switch 107 has been turned off, that is, to indicate that the DCDC converter 102 has been connected to the circuit.
  • the main control unit 105 determines that the N electronically controlled switches 107 in the battery system 100 are all turned off. In other words, the main control unit 105 determines that the DCDC converters 102 in the battery system 100 are all connected to the circuit.
  • the main control unit 105 After receiving the status feedback information of all DCDC converters 102, the main control unit 105 confirms that all DCDC converters 102 in the battery system 100 are connected to the circuit, and then sends the first information to the first battery cluster. This confirmation process helps reduce conflicts between the first information and the state switching instructions, and helps improve the software stability of the battery system 100 .
  • control method 400 before sending the first information to the first DCDC converter connected in series with the first battery cluster, the control method 400 further includes:
  • S405 Starting from the first DCDC converter, send current commands or voltage commands to the N DCDC converters 102 in the battery system 100 in sequence.
  • the current command is used to indicate the target current of the N battery clusters 101 corresponding to the N DCDC converters 102
  • the voltage command is used to indicate the target voltage of the N battery clusters 101 corresponding to the N DCDC converters 102 .
  • the main control unit 105 may send a voltage command or a current command after sending a state switching command to the DCDC converter 102, or may send a voltage command or a current command while sending the state switching command.
  • the main control unit 105 can control the current or voltage of each battery cluster 101 in the battery system 100 by sending voltage or current instructions after the first battery cluster enters the non-platform area, for example, so that all battery clusters 101 maintain the current voltage or current; For another example, all battery clusters 101 are operated at the lowest constant voltage that does not affect the power of the battery system 100 .
  • the main control unit 105 before regulating the current I 1 of the first battery cluster, the main control unit 105 makes the voltage or current of all battery clusters 101 in an adjustable and controllable state through a current command or a voltage command to ensure the normality of subsequent current adjustment steps. conduct.
  • control method 400 also includes:
  • S407 Send the second information to the second DCDC converter connected in series with the second battery cluster.
  • the second information is used to indicate controlling the current I2 of the second battery cluster to reach the second preset current.
  • the second preset condition includes: the ratio I 2 / I avg of the current I 2 of the second battery cluster to the average current I avg of the N battery clusters 101 is less than the fifth threshold, or the current I 2 of the second battery cluster is smaller than the N
  • the ratio I 2 /I avg of the average current I avg of each battery cluster 101 is greater than the sixth threshold.
  • I 2 /I avg represents the degree of deviation between the current I 2 of the second battery cluster and the average current I avg , which can laterally reflect the degree of deviation between the current I 2 of the second battery cluster and the currents of other battery clusters 101 .
  • the main control unit 105 adjusts the current of the second battery cluster by sending second information to the second DCDC converter.
  • the deviation between the current I 2 of the second battery cluster and the current of other battery clusters 101 can be controlled, thereby controlling the size of the inter-cluster circulating current and avoiding excessive circulating current that exceeds the capacity of the circuit.
  • the fifth threshold may be 95%, 90%, 85%, 80%, etc., which are less than 100%
  • the sixth threshold may be 105%, 110%, 115%, 120%, etc., which are greater than 100%.
  • the current difference between each battery cluster 101 can be controlled laterally, effectively avoiding the problem that the battery clusters 101
  • the current difference between clusters is too large, causing excessive circulating current to damage the circuit, and the current difference between clusters is too large, causing some battery clusters 101 to reach the cut-off condition early.
  • This enables the capacity of the battery system 100 at the end of charging and discharging to be more fully utilized, helping to improve the capacity utilization rate of the battery system 100 .
  • control method 400 also includes:
  • S409 Send the third information to the third DCDC converter connected in series with the third battery cluster.
  • the third information is used to indicate controlling the current of the third battery cluster to reach the third preset current.
  • the third preset condition includes: the current of the third battery cluster is greater than the seventh threshold, wherein the seventh threshold is based on the maximum permissible current I max3 (Maximum permissible current) of the third battery cluster, the maximum charging current of the third battery cluster I c3 or the maximum discharge current I dis3 of the third battery cluster is set.
  • the maximum allowable current I max of the battery cluster 101 refers to the maximum current that the circuit where the battery cluster 101 is located can pass
  • the discharge current I dis of the battery cluster 101 refers to the current that the battery cluster 101 can discharge stably
  • the charging current I c of the battery cluster 101 Refers to the current that the battery cluster 101 can charge stably.
  • the seventh threshold is set according to I max , I dis , and I c of the third battery cluster, that is, according to I max3 , I dis3 , and I c3 .
  • the seventh threshold is the minimum value among I max , I dis , and I c .
  • the seventh threshold is 90% of the minimum value among I max , I dis , and I c .
  • sending state switching instructions to the N DCDC converters 102 in the battery system in sequence includes: according to the current magnitude of the N battery clusters 101, sending the state switching instructions to the corresponding N DCDC converters 102 in the battery system in ascending order. Send status switching instructions.
  • sending state switching instructions to the N DCDC converters 102 in the battery system in sequence includes: according to the current magnitude of the N battery clusters 101, sending the state switching instructions to the corresponding N DCDC converters 102 in the battery system in descending order. Send status switching instructions.
  • the main control unit 105 sends N pieces of first information at first intervals in sequence.
  • the first time is 100ms. That is, the main control unit 105 sequentially sends the first information to the N battery clusters 101 at intervals of 100 ms.
  • sending current instructions or voltage instructions to the N DCDC converters 102 in the battery system 100 in sequence includes: according to the current magnitude of the N battery clusters 101, sequentially sending the current instructions or voltage instructions to the corresponding N DCDC converters 102 in the battery system 100 in ascending order.
  • the DCDC converter 102 sends a current command or a voltage command.
  • sending current instructions or voltage instructions to the N DCDC converters 102 in the battery system 100 in sequence includes: according to the current magnitude of the N battery clusters 101, sequentially sending the current instructions or voltage instructions to the corresponding N DCDC converters 102 in the battery system 100 in descending order.
  • the DCDC converter 102 sends a current command or a voltage command.
  • the current of the first battery cluster entering the non-platform area is very likely to be smaller than other battery clusters 101 in the battery system 100.
  • the state switching instructions and currents are sent to the corresponding DCDC converter 102 in ascending order of current. command, or sending a state switching command and a voltage command, can make the battery cluster 101 whose current is more prone to abnormality enter the regulated state faster, while other battery clusters 101 continue to discharge for a certain period of time before entering the regulated state, thereby improving
  • the stability and capacity utilization of the battery system 100 at the end of charging and discharging; similarly, at the end of charging, the current of the first battery cluster entering the non-platform area is very likely to be greater than that of other battery clusters 101.
  • the status can be sent in descending order of current Switch command and current command, or send state switching command and voltage command.
  • the corresponding DCDC converter 102 is connected to the circuit to regulate the current or voltage of the battery cluster 101, so that the current is close to the battery cluster with cut-off condition.
  • 101 is connected to the DCDC converter 102 first and is regulated, while the remaining battery clusters 101 can continue charging and discharging for a period of time before connecting to the DCDC converter 102. This not only improves the stability of the battery system 100, but also makes full use of the capacity at the end of charging and discharging to help improve the battery. System 100 capacity utilization.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a control device 600 of a battery system 100 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the control device 600 includes a processor 601 and a memory 602, and the memory 602 stores computer program instructions.
  • the processor 601 executes the computer program instructions to implement the control method 400 of the aforementioned various embodiments of the present application.
  • the processor 601 can be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), or other general-purpose processor, digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC). ), off-the-shelf programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • CPU Central Processing Unit
  • DSP Digital Signal Processor
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • FPGA off-the-shelf programmable gate array
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor, etc.
  • the memory 602 may be one or more read-only memories (Read-only memory, ROM), random access memory (Random access memory, RAM), flash memory, etc.
  • the memory 602 may also be an external storage device such as static random access memory (Static random access memory, SRAM), dynamic random access memory (Dynamic random access memory, DRAM), or pseudo static random access memory (Pseudo static random access memory, PSRAM).
  • the present application also provides a battery system, which includes, for example, N parallel battery clusters, a DCDC converter connected in series with each battery cluster, and a control device 600 .
  • embodiments of the present application also provide a computer storage medium on which computer program instructions are stored. Executing the computer program instructions can implement the control method 400 of the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the disclosed systems and devices can be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, or may be electrical, mechanical or other forms of connection.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of the present application.
  • each functional unit in various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.
  • the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it may be stored in a computer-storable medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application is essentially or contributes to the existing technology, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium , including several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of this application.
  • the aforementioned computer storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or optical disk, etc. that can store program code. medium.
  • the size of the sequence numbers of each process does not mean the order of execution.
  • the execution order of each process should be determined by its functions and internal logic, and should not be used in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the implementation process constitutes any limitation.

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Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种电池系统的控制方法、设备及电池系统，其中方法包括：确定N个电池簇中的第一电池簇的荷电状态SOC和电流满足第一预设条件，第一预设条件包括：第一电池簇的SOC大于第一阈值且第一电池簇的电流大于第二阈值或小于第三阈值，或第一电池簇的SOC小于第四阈值且第一电池簇的电流大于第二阈值或小于第三阈值，其中，第二阈值根据第一电池簇的最大容许电流设置，第三阈值根据N个电池簇的平均电流设置；向与第一电池簇串联的第一DCDC转换器发送第一信息，第一信息用于指示控制第一电池簇的电流达到第一预设电流。本申请提供的方法能够利用电池簇之间的环流，充分利用电池簇在充放电末的容量，提高容量利用率。

Description

一种电池系统的控制方法、控制设备及电池系统 技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，更为具体地，涉及一种电池系统的控制方法、控制设备及电池系统。
背景技术
近年来，电池被广泛应用于电动工具、电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车、军事装备、航空航天等多个领域，从而得到了极大的发展。在电池储能系统中，需要较大容量的电池作为供电系统，因此通常将多个电池并联或串联形成电池簇，再将多个电池簇并联形成电池系统作为储能系统进行供电。
由于并联的电池簇之间的荷电状态(State of charge,SOC)、电压、电流差异，电池簇之间会产生环流，电池簇之间的环流导致电压高的电池簇对电压低的电池簇充电，使得这部分容量无法被利用，最终导致电池系统容量的浪费、影响电池系统供电的稳定性。因此，如何更加充分地利用电池系统的容量是一项丞待解决的问题。
申请内容
本申请实施例提供了一种电池系统的控制方法、控制设备及电池系统，该方法能够利用电池簇之间的环流，使得电池簇在充放电末端能够尽可能地利用剩余容量，从而提高电池系统的容量利用率。
第一方面，提供了一种电池系统的控制方法，所述电池系统包括N个并联的电池簇，每个所述电池簇具有与之串联的DCDC转换器(Direct current-direct current converter,DCDC converter)，所述方法包括：确定N个所述电池簇中的第一电池簇的荷电状态SOC和电流满足第一预设条件，所述第一预设条件包括：所述第一电池簇的SOC大于第一阈值且所述第一电池簇的电流大于第二阈值或小于第三阈值，或者，所述第一电池簇的SOC小于第四阈值且所述第一电池簇的电流大于所述第二阈值或小于所述第三阈值，其中，所述第二阈值根据所述第一电池簇的最大容许电流设置，所述第三阈值根据所述N个电池簇的平均电流设置；向与所述第一电池簇串联的第一 DCDC转换器发送第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示控制所述第一电池簇的电流达到第一预设电流。
本申请的实施例中，在确定电池系统中的第一电池簇满足第一预设条件后，向第一DCDC转换器发送第一信息，指示第一DCDC转换器调整第一电池簇的电流。满足第一预设条件意味着第一电池簇进入了充放电末端并且电流出现异常，此时电池簇之间的环流不可避免。在电池簇的充放电末端可以利用电池簇之间的环流，使得电压高的电池簇给电压低的电池簇充电，从而使得不同电池簇之间的SOC趋近均衡。通过控制第一电池簇的电流达到预设值，能够避免第一电池簇过早达到截止条件而断开，从而延长第一电池簇以及其他电池簇在电池系统中的供电时间，充分利用电池系统在电池簇的充放电末端的容量，帮助提高电池系统的容量利用率。
在一些实施例中，在向与所述第一电池簇串联的第一DCDC转换器发送第一信息之前，所述方法还包括：从所述第一DCDC转换器开始，依次向所述电池系统中的N个所述DCDC转换器发送状态切换指令，所述状态切换指令用于指示控制N个与所述N个DCDC转换器分别并联的电控开关断开。
本申请的实施例中，在确定第一电池簇满足第一预设条件后，从第一DCDC转换器开始依次向电池系统中的所有DCDC转换器发送状态切换指令。一方面，在调整第一电池簇的电流前，将电池系统中的DCDC转换器均接入电路中，使得电路中的DCDC转换器能够及时接收并响应电流指令或电压指令，有助于对电池系统中满足第一预设条件的电池簇及时进行电流调整；另一方面，控制电路中的DCDC转换器依次接入电路，有助于缓解多个DCDC转换器同时接入电路时造成的电路震荡，帮助提高电池系统的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，在向与所述第一电池簇串联的第一DCDC转换器发送第一信息之前，所述方法还包括：确认所述电池系统中的N个所述电控开关均断开。
本申请的实施例中，在确认电池系统中的所有DCDC均接入电路后再向第一电池簇发送第一信息，有助于减少第一信息与状态切换指令之间的冲突，帮助提升电池系统在软件方面的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，在向与所述第一电池簇串联的第一DCDC转换器发送第一信息之前，所述方法还包括：从所述第一DCDC转换器开始，依次向所述电池系统中的N个所述DCDC转换器发送电流指令或电压指令，所述电流指令用于指示与所述N个 DCDC转换器对应的所述N个电池簇的目标电流，所述电压指令用于指示与所述N个DCDC转换器对应的所述N个电池簇的目标电压。
本申请的实施例中，在确定第一电池簇满足第一预设条件后，除了状态切换指令，还依次向电池系统中的DCDC转换器发送电流指令或电压指令，使得电池系统中的DCDC转换器在接入电路后按照目标电流或目标电压控制该电池簇的电流或电压，例如维持该电池簇的当前电压或电流。使得电池系统在调节并利用电池簇间的环流前保证各个电池簇处于稳定且能够被调节的状态，保证后续电流调节的步骤能够正常进行。
在一些实施例中，所述方法还包括：确定N个所述电池簇中的第二电池簇的电流满足第二预设条件，所述第二预设条件包括：所述第二电池簇的电流与所述N个电池簇的平均电流的比值小于第五阈值，或者，所述第二电池簇的电流与所述N个电池簇的平均电流的比值大于第六阈值；向与所述第二电池簇串联的第二DCDC转换器发送第二信息，所述第二信息用于指示控制所述第二电池簇的电流达到第二预设电流。
本申请的实施例中，当电池系统中第二电池簇的电流与电池簇的平均电流值相差大于一定阈值时，向第二DCDC转换器发送第二信息，调整第二电池簇的电流。通过及时监控并调整电池系统中各个电池簇的电流与平均电流的差异情况，能够有效避免电池系统中各个电池簇之间的电流差异过大导致电池簇提前到达截止条件的情况，更加充分地利用充放电末端电池簇之间环流带来的SOC均衡，使得电池簇整体对外供电的时间进一步延长，帮助提升电池系统的容量利用率。
在一些实施例中，所述方法还包括：确定N个所述电池簇中的第三电池簇的电流满足第三预设条件，所述第三预设条件包括：所述第三电池簇的电流大于第七阈值，其中，所述第七阈值根据所述第三电池簇的最大容许电流、所述第三电池簇的最大充电电流或所述第三电池簇的最大放电电流设置；向与所述第三电池簇串联的第三DCDC转换器发送第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示控制所述第三电池簇的电流达到第三预设电流。
本申请的实施例中，当电池系统中第三电池簇的电流大于一定阈值时，向第三DCDC转换器发送第三信息，调整第三电池簇的电流。通过及时监控电池系统中各个电池簇的电流，并在其大于一定阈值时及时调整，能够有效避免在充放电末端，因为电池系统中某一簇电池簇的电流过大而造成电池簇达到截止条件的情况，进一步提升电池系统的容量利用率。
在一些实施例中，所述依次向所述电池系统中的N个所述DCDC转换器发送状态切换指令包括：根据N个所述电池簇的电流大小，依次升序向所述电池系统中对应的N个所述DCDC转换器发送所述状态切换指令。
在一些实施例中，所述所述依次向所述电池系统中的N个所述DCDC转换器发送状态切换指令包括：根据N个所述电池簇的电流大小，依次降序向所述电池系统中对应的N个所述DCDC转换器发送所述状态切换指令。
本申请的实施例中，根据电池系统中各个电池簇的电流升序或降序依次将与之对应的DCDC转换器接入电路中，能够使得电池系统中电流接近截止条件的电池簇优先连接DCDC转换器从而被DCDC转换器调控，而剩余电池簇能够继续充放电一段时间后再连接DCDC转换器，充分利用电池簇的充放电容量，帮助提升电池系统的容量利用率。
在一些实施例中，所述依次向所述电池系统中的N个所述DCDC转换器发送电流指令或电压指令包括：根据N个所述电池簇的电流大小，依次升序向所述电池系统中对应的N个所述DCDC转换器发送所述电流指令或所述电压指令。
在一些实施例中，所述依次向所述电池系统中的N个所述DCDC转换器发送电流指令或电压指令包括：根据N个所述电池簇的电流大小，依次降序向所述电池系统中对应的N个所述DCDC转换器发送所述电流指令或所述电压指令。
本申请的实施例中，根据电池系统中各个电池簇的电流升序或降序依次将向对应的DCDC转换器发送电流或电压指令，能够使得电池系统中电流接近截止条件的电池簇优先受到DCDC转换器的电流或电压调控，而剩余电池簇能够继续充放电一段时间后再被DCDC转换器调控，充分利用电池簇的充放电容量，帮助提升电池系统的容量利用率。
在一些实施例中，所述电池系统还包括状态采集单元，所述方法还包括：接收所述状态采集单元发送的N个所述电池簇的SOC和电流。
第二方面，提供一种电池系统的控制设备，所述电池系统的控制设备包括：处理器以及存储有计算机程序指令的存储器；所述处理器执行所述计算机程序指令时实现如第一方面任一实施例所述的电池系统的控制方法。
第三方面，提供一种电池系统，所述电池系统包括：N个并联的电池簇，与每个所述电池簇串联的DCDC转换器，以及控制设备；所述控制设备用于执行如第一方面 任一实施例所述的电池系统的控制方法。
第四方面，提供一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机存储介质上存储有计算机程序指令，执行所述计算机程序指令时实现如第一方面任一实施例所述的电池系统的控制方法。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例一种电池系统的示意性结构图；
图2为本申请实施例电池系统的另一示意性结构图；
图3为本申请实施例一种充放电曲线示意图；
图4为本申请实施例一种电池系统的控制方法的示意性流程图；
图5为申请实施例一种电池系统的控制方法的另一示意性流程图；
图6为本申请实施例一种电池系统的控制设备示意性结构图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理，但不能用来限制本申请的范围，即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个以上；术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。“垂直”并不是严格意义上的垂直，而是在误差允许范围之内。“平行”并不是严格意义上的平行，而是在误差允许范围之内。
下述描述中出现的方位词均为图中示出的方向，并不是对本申请的具体结构进行限定。在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安 装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：存在A，同时存在A和B，存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本申请所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
为了利用电池作为储能系统，电池通常被并联或串联成电池簇，电池簇再被并联成电池系统作为储能系统使用，例如，将电池系统接入电网，满足电网对电力的调控和分配。在并联电池簇的电池系统中，由于电池的内阻等性能参数不可能完全相同，导致不同电池簇的端电压不同，从而容易在电池簇之间产生环流，即电流从电动势高的电池簇流向电动势低的电池簇，导致荷电状态(State of charge,SOC)高的电池簇给SOC低的电池簇充电。
在电池的充放电过程中，首先，环流过大有可能超过电池或电路能够承受的极限，从而对电池或电路造成不可逆的损害；其次，环流会导致电池容量在电路中内耗，而无法对外进行供电，影响电池系统的容量利用率。因此，在电池的充放电平台区，即电池充放电过程中电流或电压保持稳定不变的区域，通常对各个电池簇的SOC进行监控和调整从而减缓或避免簇间环流的产生。调整电池簇的SOC一方面能够抑制环流的产生，另一方面，还能够帮助提高电池系统的容量利用率。例如，在放电过程中，若某一电池簇的SOC过小，该电池簇相比于其他SOC较高的电池簇将会提前将容量放空， 提前到达截止条件，进而断开连接退出供电系统。这使得电池系统需要在其他SOC较高的电池簇仍能正常供电的时候就向电网发出降功率请求，严重降低电池系统的恒功率运行性能。若在充放电阶段即调整该SOC较小的电池簇，减小电池簇之间的SOC差异，能够有效避免SOC小的电池簇提前到达截止条件，使得电池系统中的电池簇尽量同时到达截止条件，从而增长电池系统恒功率供电的时间，提高电池的容量利用率。
实际生产生活中在调整电池簇的SOC时，由于电芯材料等一些电池本征性质的影响，计算的SOC值与真实的SOC值始终存在误差，导致基于调整电池簇SOC提高容量利用率的策略失效，并且，在充放电末端的非平台区域，即电流或电压快速变化的区域，缺少能够利用这部分电池容量的策略。
有鉴于此，本申请提供一种电池系统的控制方法、控制设备以及计算机存储介质，该方法能够有效利用充放电末端非平台区的电池容量，利用并控制电池簇之间的环流，使得不同电池簇之间的SOC在充放电末端趋于均衡，从而提高电池系统的容量利用率。
图1示出了本申请实施例适用的一种电池系统的示意性结构图。
如图1所示，该电池系统100可包括N个并联的电池簇101、N个直流-直流转换器(Direct current-direct current converter,DCDC converter)102，每个电池簇101与一个DCDC转换器102串联，每个电池簇101由若干电池并联或串联组成。以一簇电池簇101为例，DCDC转换器102的一端与电池簇101通过电线串联，DCDC转换器102的另一端与电池簇101通过电线并联，使得DCDC转换器102能够调节与之串联的电池簇101的电压从而调节电池簇101的电流。N为大于或等于2的正整数。
可选地，DCDC转换器102的一端可以串联至电池簇101的正极或负极，也可以串联在电池簇101的若干电池中间的任一位置。本申请实施例对DCDC转换器102与电池簇101的串联位置不做具体限定。
具体地，从电池的种类而言，电池簇101中的电池可以是任意类型的电池，包括但不限于：锂离子电池、锂金属电池、锂硫电池、铅酸电池、镍隔电池、镍氢电池、或者锂空气电池等等。从电池的规模而言，本申请实施例中的电池可以是电芯/电池单体(Cell)，也可以是电池模组或电池包，在本申请实施例中，电池的具体类型和规模均不做具体限定。
可选地，电池系统100可以为作为普通充电桩、超级充电桩、支持汽车对电网(Vehicle to grid，V2G)模式的充电桩等。本申请实施例对电池系统101的具体应用 场景不做限定。
可选地，如图1所示，电池系统100还包括状态采集单元103，状态采集单元103与DCDC转换器102通过通信线104连接，其中，通信线140用于实现状态采集单元103以及DCDC转换器102之间的信息交互。另外，状态采集单元103可以是一个，也可以是多个，本申请实施例对状态采集单元103的数量不做具体限定。状态采集单元103能够采集电池簇101的电流、电压、SOC等状态信息。
作为示例，该通信线140包括但不限于是控制器局域网(Control area network，CAN)通信总线或者菊花链(Daisy chain)通信总线。
可选地，如图1所示，电池系统100包括主控单元105，主控单元105与状态采集单元103通过通信线104连接。另外，主控单元105还可以与DCDC转换器102通过通信线104连接。
可选地，状态采集单元103除了可以通过通信线104与DCDC转换器102进行通信外，还可以通过无线网络、蓝牙等方式与DCDC转换器102进行通信。主控单元105的连接方式同理不再赘述。本申请实施例对有线通信类型或无线通信类型均不做具体限定。
可选地，如图1所示，电池系统100还可以与一储能变流器(Power conversion system,PCS)110连接，该PCS110包括DC/AC转换器(Direct current-alternating current converter,DCAC converter)，用于调控电池系统100的充放电过程并进行交流直流转换，在无电网的情况下为交流负荷供电。可选地，该PCS110的位置还可以是负载、母线DCDC转换器，即电池系统100还可以直接与负载、母线DCDC转换器连接，本申请实施例对PCS110处电池系统100的具体连接对象不做限定。
图2示出了本申请实施例电池系统100中与电池簇101相关的另一种结构图。
如图2所示，可选地，DCDC转换器102的一端与电池簇101通过电线串联，DCDC转换器102的另一端与功率源106并联。功率源106可以是独立的电池、超级电容器(Supercapacitor)、直流母线等，用于向DCDC转换器102供电，本申请实施例对此不做具体限定。
可选地，DCDC转换器102可以是隔离型DCDC转换器，也可以是非隔离型DCDC转换器。
可选地，DCDC转换器102与电池簇101串联的一端还与一电控开关107并联。 电控开关107断开时，DCDC转换器102接入电路中，与电池簇101串联并调整电池簇101的电压或电流；电控开关107导通时，DCDC转换器102被短接，DCDC转换器102处于旁路状态。
图3为本申请实施例适用的一种充放电曲线示意图。
接下来结合图3介绍电池系统100中的电池簇101的充放电过程。如图3所示，曲线a为电池簇101的充电曲线，曲线b为电池簇101的放电曲线。在充电过程中，电池簇101的电压首先迅速上升至一稳定的电压，该稳定的电压与电池的平衡电位有关，电池簇101以该稳定的电压被持续充电至一定容量后，电压继续迅速上升，一旦电压达到截止电压需要停止对电池簇101的充电，否则会过充从而引发安全问题。在放电过程中，电池簇101的电压则首先下降至一稳定的电压，并以该稳定的定压持续放电对外供能，放电至一定容量后电压继续迅速减小，达到截止条件后停止放电。由此可以看出，在电池簇101的充放电过程中，均会经历一电压稳定的阶段，该阶段即平台区，而充放电的开端与末端则被称为非平台区。需注意，尽管非平台区既可以指充放电的开端也可以指充放电的末端，但本申请实施例中的非平台区均针对充放电的末端进行讨论，因此本申请实施例中的非平台区均指充放电末端的非平台区。
电池系统100作为储能系统需要以稳定的电压运行，参见图3可知，电池簇101的平台区持续时间越长，电池系统能够利用的电能也就越多，因此，为了尽可能的提高电池系统的容量利用率，通常在平台区利用DCDC转换器102调控电池簇101的SOC，控制电池系统100中的不同电池簇101的SOC之间的差异，使得电池系统100中的电池簇101尽量同时到达非平台区。但期望调整的SOC值与实际能够达到的SOC值始终存在差异，即基于SOC的调整策略精度受限，容易失效；并且，在充放电末端的非平台区，电压变化较快但在达到截止电压之前仍具有一些容量，这部分容量通常没有被加以利用。尤其是在基于SOC的调整策略失效时，电池系统100中提前进入非平台区的电池簇101会提前达到截止条件，使得其他尚未进入非平台区的电池簇101电压随之剧烈变化而提前进入非平台区，造成更大的容量浪费。
图4为本申请实施例一种电池系统100的控制方法400的示意性流程图。
如图4所示，控制方法400由与电池系统100连接的主控单元105执行，包括：
S401，确定N个电池簇101中的第一电池簇的SOC和电流满足第一预设条件。
S402，向与第一电池簇串联的第一DCDC转换器发送第一信息。
其中，第一预设条件包括：第一电池簇的SOC大于第一阈值且第一电池簇的电流I 1大于第二阈值或小于第三阈值，或者，第一电池簇的SOC小于第四阈值且第一电池簇的电流I 1大于第二阈值或小于第三阈值，其中，第二阈值根据第一电池簇的最大容许电流设置，第三阈值根据所述N个电池簇101的平均电流设置。第一信息用于指示控制第一电池簇的电流达到第一预设电流。
具体地，第一阈值与第四阈值可以根据电池簇101的平台区结束时对应的SOC值进行设定。例如，第一阈值可以为80％、85％、90％等，第二阈值可以为20％、15％、10％等。第一电池簇的SOC大于第一阈值或者小于第四阈值即第一电池簇进入了非平台区，换言之，第一电池簇进入了充放电末端。另外，第二阈值根据第一电池簇的最大容许电流I max1设置，第一电池簇的最大容许电流I max1即第一电池簇所在的电路能够通过的最大电流，超过该电流将会造成第一电池簇的器件损坏。例如，第二阈值可以为0.8I max1、0.85I max1、0.9I max1、0.95I max1等。第三阈值根据N个电池簇101的平均电流I avg设置，若第一电池簇的电流与平均电流差值过大，意味着第一电池簇的电流I 1已经开始迅速变化，容易提前到达截止条件。例如，第三阈值可以为0.8I avg、0.85I avg、0.9I avg、0.95I avg等。总的来说，第一预设条件即当第一电池簇的充放电进入非平台区并且第一电池簇的电流I 1出现异常。
在确定第一电池簇满足第一预设条件后，主控单元105向与第一电池簇串联的第一DCDC转换器发送第一信息，指示第一DCDC转换器在第一电池簇的充放电末端继续接入电路并调整第一电池簇的电流I 1。由于此时第一电池簇与其他电池簇101之间的环流不可避免，利用该环流对第一电池簇进行充电使得各个电池簇101之间的SOC差距减小。以放电过程为例，第一电池簇的满足第一预设条件，此时第一电池簇的SOC较小(小于第四阈值)，控制第一电池簇达到第一预设电流使得第一电池簇以较小的电流继续放电，由于电池系统100对外输出的功率是一定的，电池系统100中SOC较高的电池簇101将自动以较大的电流放电，同时SOC较高的电池簇101与第一电池簇之间还会形成环流，使得二者的SOC逐渐趋于均衡。充电过程的控制原理类似故不再赘述。由此，充放电末端的电池容量能够充分得到利用。
本实施例中，在电池簇101的充放电非平台区，利用电池簇101之间的环流均衡不同电池簇101之间的SOC，通过控制第一电池簇的电流I 1达到第一预设电流，有效避免第一电池簇提前进入非平台区达到截止条件而断开，延长电池系统100的恒功率 时间，充分利用充放电末端电池簇101的容量，从而提高了电池系统100的容量利用率。
图5为本申请实施例电池系统100的控制方法400的另一种示意性流程图。
可选地，如图5所示，在向与第一电池簇串联的第一DCDC转换器发送第一信息之前，控制方法400还包括：
S403，从第一DCDC转换器开始，依次向电池系统100中的N个DCDC转换器102发送状态切换指令。其中，状态切换指令用于指示控制N个与N个DCDC转换器102分别并联的电控开关107断开。
具体地，若DCDC转换器102一直处于接入电路的状态将会消耗大量的功率，因此通常在需要对电池簇101进行调控的时候才将DCDC转换器102接入电路。由于基于SOC的调整策略是在充放电的平台区进行调整，因此，在充放电的非平台区DCDC转换器102通常处于未接入电路的状态。
在确定第一电池簇满足第一预设条件后，主控单元105将从第一DCDC转换器开始依次向电池系统100中的DCDC转换器102发送状态切换指令，使DCDC转换器102均接入电路，从而能够根据其他指令对电池簇101进行调控。
本申请实施例中，一方面，在调整第一电池簇的电流I 1之前主控单元105通过发送第一信息将电池系统100中的DCDC转换器102均接入电路，使得电池系统100处于可调控状态，能够及时接收并响应电流或电压指令；另一方面，主控单元105依次发送第一信息，使得电池系统100中的DCDC转换器102依次接入电路，有助于缓解多个DCDC转换器102同时接入电路时造成的电路震荡，帮助提高电池系统100的稳定性。
可选地，如图5所示，在向与第一电池簇串联的第一DCDC转换器发送第一信息之前，控制方法400还包括：
S404，确认电池系统100中的N个电控开关107均断开。
具体地，DCDC转换器102能够向主控单元105发送状态反馈信息，状态反馈信息用于指示电控开关107已经断开，也就是指示DCDC转换器102已经接入电路。主控单元105接收到该状态反馈信息后确定电池系统100中的N个电控开关107均断开，换言之，主控单元105确定电池系统100中的DCDC转换器102均接入电路。
本实施例中，主控单元105在接收到所有DCDC转换器102的状态反馈信息后确 认电池系统100中的所有DCDC转换器102均接入电路，再向第一电池簇发送第一信息。该确认过程有助于减少第一信息与状态切换指令之间的冲突，帮助提高电池系统100的软件稳定性。
可选地，如图5所示，在向与第一电池簇串联的第一DCDC转换器发送第一信息之前，控制方法400还包括：
S405，从第一DCDC转换器开始，依次向电池系统100中的N个DCDC转换器102发送电流指令或电压指令。
其中，电流指令用于指示与N个DCDC转换器102对应的N个电池簇101的目标电流，电压指令用于指示与N个DCDC转换器102对应的N个电池簇101的目标电压。主控单元105可以在向DCDC转换器102发送状态切换指令后发送电压指令或电流指令，也可以在发送状态切换指令的同时发送电压指令或电流指令。主控单元105通过发送电压或电流指令能够控制电池系统100中的各个电池簇101在第一电池簇进入非平台区后的电流或电压，例如，使所有电池簇101维持当前的电压或电流；再例如，使所有电池簇101按照不影响电池系统100功率的最低定压运行。
本实施例中，在调控第一电池簇的电流I 1前，主控单元105通过电流指令或电压指令使得所有电池簇101的电压或电流处于可调可控状态，保证后续电流调节步骤的正常进行。
可选地，如图5所示，控制方法400还包括：
S406，确定N个电池簇101中的第二电池簇的电流I 2满足第二预设条件。
S407，向与第二电池簇串联的第二DCDC转换器发送第二信息。第二信息用于指示控制第二电池簇的电流I 2达到第二预设电流。
其中，第二预设条件包括：第二电池簇的电流I 2与N个电池簇101的平均电流I avg的比值I 2/I avg小于第五阈值，或者，第二电池簇的电流与N个电池簇101的平均电流I avg的比值I 2/I avg大于第六阈值。
具体地，I 2/I avg代表了第二电池簇的电流I 2与平均电流I avg的偏差程度，能够侧面反应第二电池簇的电流I 2与其他电池簇101的电流之间的偏差程度。主控单元105在第二电池簇的电流I 2与其他电池簇101的电流偏差较大时，通过向第二DCDC转换器发送第二信息调节第二电池簇的电流。另外，通过设置第五阈值及第六阈值，能够控制第二电池簇的电流I 2与其他电池簇101电流之间的偏差，从而控制簇间环流的大小， 避免因环流过大超出电路能够承受的范围造成的电路中断，或者因环流过大电池系统100中的某些电池簇101电流变化过大造成该电池簇101提前到达截止条件的情况。例如，第五阈值可以为95％、90％、85％、80％等小于100％的数值，第六阈值可以为105％、110％、115％、120％等大于100％的数值。
本实施例中，通过及时监控并调整电池系统100中各个电池簇101的电流与平均电流I avg之间的差异，能够侧面控制各个电池簇101之间的电流差异，有效避免因电池簇101之间的电流差异过大而导致环流过大损坏电路、簇间电流差距过大导致部分电池簇101提前到达截止条件等情况。使得电池系统100在充放电末端的容量能够被更充分地利用，帮助提高电池系统100的容量利用率。
可选地，如图5所示，控制方法400还包括：
S408，确定N个电池簇101中的第三电池簇的电流满足第三预设条件。
S409，向与第三电池簇串联的第三DCDC转换器发送第三信息。第三信息用于指示控制第三电池簇的电流达到第三预设电流。
其中，第三预设条件包括：第三电池簇的电流大于第七阈值，其中，第七阈值根据第三电池簇的最大容许电流I max3(Maximum permissible current)、第三电池簇的最大充电电流I c3或第三电池簇的最大放电电流I dis3设置。
具体地，在利用电池系统100的充放电末端容量时，除了监控各个电池簇101的电流之间的差异情况，还需要监控各个电池簇101的电流与电池簇101的最大容许电流、电池簇的允放电流、允充电流之间的关系。其中，电池簇101的最大容许电流I max指电池簇101所在的电路能够通过的最大电流，电池簇101的放电电流I dis指电池簇101能够稳定放电的电流，电池簇101的充电电流I c指电池簇101能够稳定充电的电流。第七阈值根据第三电池簇的I max、I dis、I c设置，即根据I max3、I dis3、I c3设置。例如，第七阈值为I max、I dis、I c中的最小值。又例如，第七阈值为I max、I dis、I c中的最小值的90％。当电池系统100中第三电池簇的电流大于电路、电池能够承受的上限值时，向第三DCDC转换器发送第三信息及时调整第三电池簇的电流。
本实施例中，通过及时监控并调整电池系统100中各个电池簇101的电流是否超过电路、电池能够承受的极限值，能够有效避免在充放电末端因电池系统100中某一电池簇101的电流过大而造成电路、电池损坏，或者造成该电池簇101提前到达截止条件的情况，帮助提高电池系统100的安全性并进一步提升电池系统100的容量使用 率。
可选地，在S403中，依次向电池系统中的N个DCDC转换器102发送状态切换指令包括：根据N个电池簇101的电流大小，依次升序向电池系统中对应的N个DCDC转换器102发送状态切换指令。
可选地，在S403中，依次向电池系统中的N个DCDC转换器102发送状态切换指令包括：根据N个电池簇101的电流大小，依次降序向电池系统中对应的N个DCDC转换器102发送状态切换指令。
可选地，在S403中，主控单元105依次间隔第一时间发送N条第一信息。示例性地，第一时间为100ms。即主控单元105依次间隔100ms向N个电池簇101发送第一信息。
可选地，在S405中，依次向电池系统100中的N个DCDC转换器102发送电流指令或电压指令包括：根据N个电池簇101的电流大小，依次升序向电池系统100中对应的N个DCDC转换器102发送电流指令或电压指令。
可选地，在S405中，依次向电池系统100中的N个DCDC转换器102发送电流指令或电压指令包括：根据N个电池簇101的电流大小，依次降序向电池系统100中对应的N个DCDC转换器102发送电流指令或电压指令。
具体地，在放电末端，进入非平台区的第一电池簇的电流极可能小于电池系统100中的其他电池簇101，此时按照电流升序依次向对应的DCDC转换器102发送状态切换指令和电流指令、或者发送状态切换指令和电压指令，能够使得电流更容易发生异常的电池簇101更快地进入被调控的状态，而其他电池簇101继续放电一端时间后再进入被调控的状态，从而提高电池系统100在充放电末端的稳定性以及容量利用率；同理，在充电末端，进入非平台区的第一电池簇的电流极可能大于其他电池簇101，此时可以按照电流降序依次发送状态切换指令和电流指令、或者发送状态切换指令和电压指令。
本实施例中，根据电池系统100中各个电池簇101的电流升序或降序依次将与之对应的DCDC转换器102接入电路中调控电池簇101的电流或电压，使得电流接近截止条件的电池簇101优先连接DCDC转换器102并被调控，而剩余电池簇101能够继续充放电一段时间后再连接DCDC转换器102，提高电池系统100稳定性的同时，充分利用充放电末端的容量，帮助提升电池系统100的容量利用率。
图6示出了本申请实施例一种电池系统100的控制设备600的示意性结构图。如图6所示，控制设备600包括处理器601以及存储器602，存储器602中存储有计算机程序指令。处理器601执行该计算机程序指令以实现本申请前述本申请各种实施例的控制方法400。
可选地，处理器601可以是中央处理单元(Central Processing Unit，CPU)，还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(Field-Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
可选地，存储器602可以是一个或多个只读存储器(Read-only memory,ROM)、随机存储器(Random access memory,RAM)、闪存等。存储器602也可以是静态随机存储器(Static random access memory,SRAM)、动态随机存储器(Dynamic random access memory,DRAM)或伪静态随机存储器(Pseudo static random access memory,PSRAM)等外接存储设备。
本申请还提供一种电池系统，该电池系统包括如N个并联的电池簇，与每个电池簇串联的DCDC转换器，以及控制设备600。
此外，本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序指令，执行该计算机程序指令能够实现前述本申请各种实施例的控制方法400。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。 另外，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口、装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，也可以是电的，机械的或其它的形式连接。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本申请实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以是两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分，或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的计算机存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
应理解，本文中的具体的例子只是为了帮助本领域技术人员更好地理解本申请实施例，而非限制本申请实施例的范围。
还应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
还应理解，本说明书中描述的各种实施方式，既可以单独实施，也可以组合实施，本申请实施例对此并不限定。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种电池系统的控制方法，其特征在于，所述电池系统包括N个并联的电池簇，每个所述电池簇具有与之串联的DCDC转换器，所述方法包括：
    确定N个所述电池簇中的第一电池簇的荷电状态SOC和电流满足第一预设条件，所述第一预设条件包括：所述第一电池簇的SOC大于第一阈值且所述第一电池簇的电流大于第二阈值或小于第三阈值，或者，所述第一电池簇的SOC小于第四阈值且所述第一电池簇的电流大于所述第二阈值或小于所述第三阈值，其中，所述第二阈值根据所述第一电池簇的最大容许电流设置，所述第三阈值根据所述N个电池簇的平均电流设置；
    向与所述第一电池簇串联的第一DCDC转换器发送第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示控制所述第一电池簇的电流达到第一预设电流。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在向与所述第一电池簇串联的第一DCDC转换器发送第一信息之前，所述方法还包括：
    从所述第一DCDC转换器开始，依次向所述电池系统中的N个所述DCDC转换器发送状态切换指令，所述状态切换指令用于指示控制N个与所述N个DCDC转换器分别并联的电控开关断开。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，在向与所述第一电池簇串联的第一DCDC转换器发送第一信息之前，所述方法还包括：
    确认所述电池系统中的N个所述电控开关均断开。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在向与所述第一电池簇串联的第一DCDC转换器发送第一信息之前，所述方法还包括：
    从所述第一DCDC转换器开始，依次向所述电池系统中的N个所述DCDC转换器发送电流指令或电压指令，所述电流指令用于指示与所述N个DCDC转换器对应的所述N个电池簇的目标电流，所述电压指令用于指示与所述N个DCDC转换器对应的所述N个电池簇的目标电压。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    确定N个所述电池簇中的第二电池簇的电流满足第二预设条件，所述第二预设条件包括：所述第二电池簇的电流与所述N个电池簇的平均电流的比值小于第五阈值，或者，所述第二电池簇的电流与所述N个电池簇的平均电流的比值大于第六阈值；
    向与所述第二电池簇串联的第二DCDC转换器发送第二信息，所述第二信息用于指示控制所述第二电池簇的电流达到第二预设电流。
  6. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    确定N个所述电池簇中的第三电池簇的电流满足第三预设条件，所述第三预设条件包括：所述第三电池簇的电流大于第七阈值，其中，所述第七阈值根据所述第三电池簇的最大容许电流、所述第三电池簇的最大充电电流或所述第三电池簇的最大放电电流设置；
    向与所述第三电池簇串联的第三DCDC转换器发送第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示控制所述第三电池簇的电流达到第三预设电流。
  7. 根据权利要求2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述依次向所述电池系统中的N个所述DCDC转换器发送状态切换指令包括：
    根据N个所述电池簇的电流大小，依次升序向所述电池系统中对应的N个所述DCDC转换器发送所述状态切换指令。
  8. 根据权利要求2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述所述依次向所述电池系统中的N个所述DCDC转换器发送状态切换指令包括：
    根据N个所述电池簇的电流大小，依次降序向所述电池系统中对应的N个所述DCDC转换器发送所述状态切换指令。
  9. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述依次向所述电池系统中的N个所述DCDC转换器发送电流指令或电压指令包括：
    根据N个所述电池簇的电流大小，依次升序向所述电池系统中对应的N个所述DCDC转换器发送所述电流指令或所述电压指令。
  10. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述依次向所述电池系统中的N个所述DCDC转换器发送电流指令或电压指令包括：
    根据N个所述电池簇的电流大小，依次降序向所述电池系统中对应的N个所述DCDC转换器发送所述电流指令或所述电压指令。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述电池系统还包括状态采集单元，所述方法还包括：
    接收所述状态采集单元发送的N个所述电池簇的SOC和电流。
  12. 一种电池系统的控制设备，其特征在于，所述电池系统的控制设备包括：处理器以及存储有计算机程序指令的存储器；
    所述处理器执行所述计算机程序指令时实现如权利要求1至11中任一项所述的电池系统的控制方法。
  13. 一种电池系统，其特征在于，所述电池系统包括：N个并联的电池簇，与每个所述电池簇串联的DCDC转换器，以及控制设备；所述控制设备用于执行如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的电池系统的控制方法。
  14. 一种计算机存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机存储介质上存储有计算机程序指令，执行所述计算机程序指令时实现如权利要求1至11中任一项所述的电池系统的控制方法。
PCT/CN2022/081895 2022-03-21 2022-03-21 一种电池系统的控制方法、控制设备及电池系统 WO2023178463A1 (zh)

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