WO2023176661A1

WO2023176661A1 - Display system and lamination film

Info

Publication number: WO2023176661A1
Application number: PCT/JP2023/008968
Authority: WO
Inventors: 理小島; 周作後藤
Original assignee: 日東電工株式会社
Priority date: 2022-03-14
Filing date: 2023-03-09
Publication date: 2023-09-21
Also published as: TW202346906A

Abstract

Provided is a display system with which it is possible to achieve weight reduction and visibility improvement of VR goggles. A display system according to an embodiment of the present invention involves displaying an image for a user, the system comprising: a display element having a display surface for emitting light, that is representing an image, forward through a polarizing member; a reflective polarizing member that is disposed at the front of the display element and that reflects light emitted from the display element; a first lens part disposed on an optical path between the display element and the reflective polarizing member; a half mirror that is disposed between the display element and the first lens part, that transmits therethrough light emitted from the display element, and that reflects the light reflected by the reflective polarizing member toward the reflective polarizing member; a second lens part disposed at the front of the reflective polarizing member; a first λ/4 member disposed on an optical path between the display element and the half mirror; a second λ/4 member disposed on an optical path between the half mirror and the reflective polarizing member; and a protective member that is disposed on an optical path between the display element and the half mirror and/or an optical path between the half mirror and the second lens part. The protective member has a 5-degree regular reflectance at the wavelength of 450 nm being 0.3% or less, a 5-degree regular reflectance at the wavelength of 600 nm being 0.3% or less, a 30-degree regular reflectance at the wavelength of 450 nm being 0.5% or less, and a 30-degree regular reflectance at the wavelength of 600 nm being 0.5% or less. The ratio of the 5-degree regular reflectance at the wavelength of 420 nm to the 30-degree regular reflectance at the wavelength of 420 nm is 0.1-10, and the ratio of the 5-degree regular reflectance at the wavelength of 680 nm to the 30-degree regular reflectance at the wavelength of 680 nm is 0.1-10.

Description

Display systems and laminated films

The present invention relates to a display system and a laminated film.

Image display devices represented by liquid crystal display devices and electroluminescence (EL) display devices (eg, organic EL display devices) are rapidly becoming popular. In image display devices, optical members such as polarizing members and retardation members are generally used to realize image display and improve image display performance (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

In recent years, new uses for image display devices have been developed. For example, goggles with a display (VR goggles) for realizing Virtual Reality (VR) are beginning to be commercialized. Since VR goggles are being considered for use in a variety of situations, it is desired that they be made lighter and have improved visibility. Weight reduction can be achieved, for example, by making the lenses used in VR goggles thinner. On the other hand, there is also a desire for the development of optical members suitable for display systems using thin lenses. For example, in order to improve visibility, there is a desire for an optical member that can solve the problem of reflection that can occur in VR goggles.

JP2021-103286A

In view of the above, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a display system that can reduce the weight of VR goggles and improve visibility.

1. A display system according to an embodiment of the present invention is a display system that displays an image to a user, and includes a display element having a display surface that forwardly emits light representing an image through a polarizing member; a reflective polarizing member disposed in front and reflecting light emitted from the display element; a first lens portion disposed on an optical path between the display element and the reflective polarizing member; and the display element. and the first lens portion, a half mirror that transmits the light emitted from the display element and reflects the light reflected by the reflective polarizing member toward the reflective polarizing member; a second lens portion disposed in front of the reflective polarizing member; a first λ/4 member disposed on the optical path between the display element and the half mirror; and the half mirror and the reflective polarizing member. A second λ/4 member disposed on the optical path between the polarizing member, the optical path between the display element and the half mirror, and the light between the half mirror and the second lens section. a protection member disposed on at least one side of the road, the protection member having a 5° regular reflectance of 0.3% or less at a wavelength of 450 nm, and a 5° regular reflectance of 0.3% at a wavelength of 600 nm. The 30° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 450 nm is 0.5% or less, the 30° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 600 nm is 0.5% or less, and the 30° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 420 nm is The ratio of the 5° regular reflectance is 0.1 or more and 10 or less, and the ratio of the 5° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 680 nm to the 30° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 680 nm is 0.1 or more and 10 or less.
2. In the display system according to item 1 above, the protective member may be in contact with a space formed between the display element and the half mirror.
3. In the display system according to 1 or 2 above, the protective member may be in contact with a space formed between the protective member and at least one of the first lens part and the second lens part.
4. In the display system according to any one of 1 to 3 above, the protective member may have a surface smoothness of 0.5 arcmin or less.
5. In the display system according to any one of 1 to 4 above, the λ/4 member may satisfy Re(450)<Re(550).
6. The display system according to any one of items 1 to 5 above may include a laminated section including the first λ/4 member and the protection member.
7. In the display system described in item 6 above, the laminated portion may include a polarizing member included in the display element.
8. The display system according to any one of items 1 to 7 above may include a laminated section including the second λ/4 member and the protection member.
9. The display system according to any one of 1 to 8 above may include a laminated section including the reflective polarizing member and the protective member.
10. In the display system described in Item 9 above, the laminated portion may include an absorption type polarizing member disposed between the reflective polarizing member and the second lens portion.
11. The laminated film according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a step of transmitting light representing an image emitted through a polarizing member through a first λ/4 member, and a step of transmitting the light that has passed through the first λ/4 member. , passing the light that has passed through the half mirror and the first lens section, passing the light that has passed through the half mirror and the first lens section through a second λ/4 member, and the second λ/4 member. a step of reflecting the light that has passed through the reflective polarizing member toward the half mirror; and a step of reflecting the light that has passed through the reflective polarizing member and the half mirror toward the reflective polarizing member using the second between the display element and the half mirror, the display method comprising the steps of: making the polarizing member transmissible; and allowing the light transmitted through the reflective polarizing member to pass through a second lens section. A laminated film disposed on at least one of the optical path of The 5° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 600 nm is 0.3% or less, the 30° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 450 nm is 0.5% or less, and the 30° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 600 nm is 0.5% or less. , the ratio of the 5° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 420 nm to the 30° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 420 nm is 0.1 or more and 10 or less, and the ratio of the 5° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 680 nm to the 30° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 680 nm is It is 0.1 or more and 10 or less.

According to the display system according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the weight of VR goggles and improve visibility.

1 is a schematic diagram showing a general configuration of a display system according to one embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of details of a part of a display element of the display system shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a laminated film according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of details of a lens section of the display system shown in FIG. 1. FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a multilayer structure included in a reflective polarizing film. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of details of the lens section of the display system shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a graph showing 5° regular reflectance spectra of the laminated films of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. 3 is a graph showing 30° regular reflectance spectra of the laminated films of Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2. (a), (b) and (c) are photographs showing the results of appearance evaluation. (a), (b), (c) and (d) are photographs showing the results of appearance evaluation.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. In order to make the explanation more clear, the drawings may schematically represent the width, thickness, shape, etc. of each part compared to the embodiment, but this is only an example and does not limit the interpretation of the present invention. isn't it. Further, in the drawings, the same or equivalent elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping explanations may be omitted.

(Definition of terms and symbols)
Definitions of terms and symbols used herein are as follows.
(1) Refractive index (nx, ny, nz)
"nx" is the refractive index in the direction in which the in-plane refractive index is maximum (i.e., slow axis direction), and "ny" is the direction perpendicular to the slow axis in the plane (i.e., fast axis direction) "nz" is the refractive index in the thickness direction.
(2) In-plane phase difference (Re)
"Re(λ)" is an in-plane retardation measured with light having a wavelength of λnm at 23°C. For example, "Re(550)" is an in-plane retardation measured with light having a wavelength of 550 nm at 23°C. Re(λ) is determined by the formula: Re(λ)=(nx−ny)×d, where d (nm) is the thickness of the layer (film).
(3) Phase difference in thickness direction (Rth)
"Rth (λ)" is a retardation in the thickness direction measured with light having a wavelength of λ nm at 23°C. For example, "Rth (550)" is the retardation in the thickness direction measured with light having a wavelength of 550 nm at 23°C. Rth(λ) is determined by the formula: Rth(λ)=(nx−nz)×d, where d (nm) is the thickness of the layer (film).
(4) Nz coefficient The Nz coefficient is determined by Nz=Rth/Re.
(5) Angle When an angle is referred to in this specification, the angle includes both clockwise and counterclockwise directions with respect to the reference direction. Therefore, for example, "45°" means ±45°.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the general configuration of a display system according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 schematically shows the arrangement, shape, etc. of each component of the display system 2. As shown in FIG. The display system 2 includes a display element 12, a reflective polarizing member 14, a first lens section 16, a half mirror 18, a first retardation member 20, a second retardation member 22, and a second lens section 24. It is equipped with The reflective polarizing member 14 is disposed at the front of the display element 12 on the display surface 12a side, and can reflect light emitted from the display element 12. The first lens section 16 is arranged on the optical path between the display element 12 and the reflective polarizing member 14, and the half mirror 18 is arranged between the display element 12 and the first lens section 16. The first retardation member 20 is arranged on the optical path between the display element 12 and the half mirror 18, and the second retardation member 22 is arranged on the optical path between the half mirror 18 and the reflective polarizing member 14. There is.

A half mirror or components disposed in front of the first lens part (in the illustrated example, the half mirror 18, the first lens part 16, the second retardation member 22, the reflective polarizing member 14, and the second lens part 24) ) may be collectively referred to as a lens section (lens section 4).

The display element 12 is, for example, a liquid crystal display or an organic EL display, and has a display surface 12a for displaying images. The light emitted from the display surface 12a passes through a polarizing member (typically, a polarizing film) that may be included in the display element 12, and is emitted as first linearly polarized light.

The first retardation member 20 includes a first λ/4 member that can convert the first linearly polarized light incident on the first retardation member 20 into first circularly polarized light. When the first retardation member does not include any member other than the first λ/4 member, the first retardation member may correspond to the first λ/4 member. The first retardation member 20 may be provided integrally with the display element 12.

The half mirror 18 transmits the light emitted from the display element 12 and reflects the light reflected by the reflective polarizing member 14 toward the reflective polarizing member 14. The half mirror 18 is provided integrally with the first lens section 16.

The second retardation member 22 includes a second λ/4 member that can transmit the light reflected by the reflective polarizing member 14 and the half mirror 18 through the reflective polarizing member 14. When the second retardation member does not include any member other than the second λ/4 member, the second retardation member may correspond to the second λ/4 member. The second retardation member 22 may be provided integrally with the first lens portion 16.

The first circularly polarized light emitted from the first λ/4 member included in the first retardation member 20 passes through the half mirror 18 and the first lens portion 16, and The second λ/4 member converts the light into a second linearly polarized light. The second linearly polarized light emitted from the second λ/4 member is reflected toward the half mirror 18 without passing through the reflective polarizing member 14. At this time, the polarization direction of the second linearly polarized light incident on the reflective polarizing member 14 is the same direction as the reflection axis of the reflective polarizing member 14. Therefore, the second linearly polarized light incident on the reflective polarizing member 14 is reflected by the reflective polarizing member 14.

The second linearly polarized light reflected by the reflective polarizing member 14 is converted into second circularly polarized light by the second λ/4 member included in the second retardation member 22, and is emitted from the second λ/4 member. The second circularly polarized light passes through the first lens section 16 and is reflected by the half mirror 18. The second circularly polarized light reflected by the half mirror 18 passes through the first lens section 16 and is converted into third linearly polarized light by the second λ/4 member included in the second retardation member 22. The third linearly polarized light is transmitted through the reflective polarizing member 14 . At this time, the polarization direction of the third linearly polarized light incident on the reflective polarizing member 14 is the same direction as the transmission axis of the reflective polarizing member 14. Therefore, the third linearly polarized light incident on the reflective polarizing member 14 is transmitted through the reflective polarizing member 14.

The light transmitted through the reflective polarizing member 14 passes through the second lens section 24 and enters the user's eyes 26.

For example, the absorption axis of the polarizing member included in the display element 12 and the reflection axis of the reflective polarizing member 14 may be arranged substantially parallel to each other, or may be arranged substantially perpendicular to each other. The angle between the absorption axis of the polarizing member included in the display element 12 and the slow axis of the first λ/4 member included in the first retardation member 20 is, for example, 40° to 50°, and 42° to 50°. It may be 48° or about 45°. The angle between the absorption axis of the polarizing member included in the display element 12 and the slow axis of the second λ/4 member included in the second retardation member 22 is, for example, 40° to 50°, and 42° to 50°. It may be 48° or about 45°.

The in-plane retardation Re (550) of the first λ/4 member is, for example, 100 nm to 190 nm, may be 110 nm to 180 nm, may be 130 nm to 160 nm, or may be 135 nm to 155 nm. good. The first λ/4 member preferably exhibits inverse dispersion wavelength characteristics in which the retardation value increases depending on the wavelength of the measurement light. Re(450)/Re(550) of the first λ/4 member is, for example, 0.75 or more and less than 1, and may be 0.8 or more and 0.95 or less.

The in-plane retardation Re (550) of the second λ/4 member is, for example, 100 nm to 190 nm, may be 110 nm to 180 nm, may be 130 nm to 160 nm, or may be 135 nm to 155 nm. good. The second λ/4 member preferably exhibits inverse dispersion wavelength characteristics in which the retardation value increases depending on the wavelength of the measurement light. Re(450)/Re(550) of the second λ/4 member is, for example, 0.75 or more and less than 1, and may be 0.8 or more and 0.95 or less.

A space may be formed between the display element 12 and the lens portion 4. For example, it is preferable that the member disposed between the display element 12 and the lens part 4 be provided integrally with the display element 12. Specifically, it is preferable that the member disposed between the display element 12 and the lens portion 4 be integrated with the display element 12 via an adhesive layer. According to such a configuration, for example, each member can be easily handled. The adhesive layer may be formed of an adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive. Specifically, the adhesive layer may be an adhesive layer or an adhesive layer. The thickness of the adhesive layer is, for example, 0.05 μm to 30 μm.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of details of a part of the display element of the display system shown in FIG. 1. Specifically, FIG. 2 shows a laminated portion of members that are integrally provided to the display element 12. As shown in FIG. Note that the display element and the member provided integrally with the display element may be collectively referred to as a display section. In addition to the first retardation member 20 and the polarizing member 12b disposed on one side of the first retardation member 20, the laminated portion 100 includes a protection member 33 disposed on the other side of the first retardation member 20. There is. The polarizing member 12b may correspond to a polarizing member that may be included in the display element 12. Although not shown, the main body of the display element 12 is disposed on the polarizing member 12b side of the laminated portion 100. The protection member 33 may be located on the outermost surface of the laminated portion 100. Although not shown, the polarizing member 12b and the first retardation member 20 are laminated with an adhesive layer (for example, a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer) interposed therebetween. Further, the first retardation member 20 and the protection member 33 are laminated with an adhesive layer (for example, an adhesive layer) interposed therebetween.

In the example shown in FIG. 2, the first retardation member 20 includes, in addition to the first λ/4 member 20a, a member (so-called positive C plate) 20b whose refractive index characteristics can exhibit the relationship nz>nx=ny. Contains. The first retardation member 20 has a laminated structure of a first λ/4 member 20a and a positive C plate 20b. By using a positive C plate, light leakage (for example, light leakage in an oblique direction) can be prevented. As shown in FIG. 2, in the first phase difference member 20, it is preferable that the positive C plate 20b is located further forward than the first λ/4 member 20a. The first λ/4 member 20a and the positive C plate 20b are laminated, for example, via an adhesive layer (not shown).

Preferably, the first λ/4 member exhibits a refractive index characteristic of nx>ny≧nz. Here, "ny=nz" includes not only the case where ny and nz are completely equal, but also the case where ny and nz are substantially equal. Therefore, there may be a case where ny<nz within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention. The Nz coefficient of the first λ/4 member is preferably 0.9 to 3, more preferably 0.9 to 2.5, even more preferably 0.9 to 1.5, and particularly preferably is 0.9 to 1.3.

The first λ/4 member is formed of any suitable material that can satisfy the above characteristics. The first λ/4 member may be, for example, a stretched resin film or an oriented solidified layer of a liquid crystal compound.

The resins contained in the above resin film include polycarbonate resin, polyester carbonate resin, polyester resin, polyvinyl acetal resin, polyarylate resin, cyclic olefin resin, cellulose resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, and polyamide resin. , polyimide resin, polyether resin, polystyrene resin, acrylic resin, and the like. These resins may be used alone or in combination. Examples of the combination method include blending and copolymerization. When the first λ/4 member exhibits reverse dispersion wavelength characteristics, a resin film containing a polycarbonate resin or a polyester carbonate resin (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as a polycarbonate resin) may be suitably used.

Any suitable polycarbonate resin can be used as the polycarbonate resin. For example, polycarbonate resins contain structural units derived from fluorene-based dihydroxy compounds, structural units derived from isosorbide-based dihydroxy compounds, alicyclic diols, alicyclic dimethanols, di-, tri-, or polyethylene glycols, and alkylene-based dihydroxy compounds. a structural unit derived from at least one dihydroxy compound selected from the group consisting of glycol or spiroglycol. Preferably, the polycarbonate resin contains a structural unit derived from a fluorene dihydroxy compound, a structural unit derived from an isosorbide dihydroxy compound, a structural unit derived from an alicyclic dimethanol, and/or a di, tri, or polyethylene glycol. More preferably, it contains a structural unit derived from a fluorene dihydroxy compound, a structural unit derived from an isosorbide dihydroxy compound, and a structural unit derived from di, tri or polyethylene glycol. . The polycarbonate resin may contain structural units derived from other dihydroxy compounds as necessary. In addition, details of the polycarbonate resin that can be suitably used for the first λ/4 member and the method for forming the first λ/4 member can be found in, for example, JP 2014-10291A and JP 2014-26266A. , JP 2015-212816, A, JP 2015-212817, and JP 2015-212818, and the descriptions of these publications are incorporated herein by reference.

The thickness of the first λ/4 member made of a stretched resin film is, for example, 10 μm to 100 μm, preferably 10 μm to 70 μm, and more preferably 20 μm to 60 μm.

The liquid crystal compound alignment and solidification layer is a layer in which the liquid crystal compound is aligned in a predetermined direction within the layer, and the alignment state is fixed. In addition, the "alignment hardened layer" is a concept that includes an orientation hardened layer obtained by curing a liquid crystal monomer as described below. In the first λ/4 member, rod-shaped liquid crystal compounds are typically aligned in the slow axis direction of the first λ/4 member (homogeneous alignment). Examples of rod-shaped liquid crystal compounds include liquid crystal polymers and liquid crystal monomers. The liquid crystal compound is preferably polymerizable. If the liquid crystal compound is polymerizable, the alignment state of the liquid crystal compound can be fixed by aligning the liquid crystal compound and then polymerizing it.

The liquid crystal compound alignment and solidification layer (liquid crystal alignment solidification layer) is produced by subjecting the surface of a predetermined base material to an alignment treatment, applying a coating liquid containing the liquid crystal compound to the surface, and subjecting the liquid crystal compound to the alignment treatment. It can be formed by orienting it in a corresponding direction and fixing the orientation state. Any suitable orientation treatment may be employed as the orientation treatment. Specifically, mechanical alignment treatment, physical alignment treatment, and chemical alignment treatment can be mentioned. Specific examples of mechanical alignment treatment include rubbing treatment and stretching treatment. Specific examples of physical alignment treatment include magnetic field alignment treatment and electric field alignment treatment. Specific examples of chemical alignment treatment include oblique vapor deposition and photo alignment treatment. As the treatment conditions for various orientation treatments, any appropriate conditions may be adopted depending on the purpose.

The alignment of the liquid crystal compound is carried out by treatment at a temperature that exhibits a liquid crystal phase depending on the type of liquid crystal compound. By performing such temperature treatment, the liquid crystal compound assumes a liquid crystal state, and the liquid crystal compound is oriented in accordance with the orientation treatment direction of the substrate surface.

In one embodiment, the alignment state is fixed by cooling the liquid crystal compound aligned as described above. When the liquid crystal compound is polymerizable or crosslinkable, the alignment state is fixed by subjecting the liquid crystal compound aligned as described above to polymerization treatment or crosslinking treatment.

Any suitable liquid crystal polymer and/or liquid crystal monomer can be used as the liquid crystal compound. The liquid crystal polymer and the liquid crystal monomer may be used alone or in combination. Specific examples of liquid crystal compounds and methods for producing liquid crystal alignment solidified layers are described in, for example, JP 2006-163343A, JP 2006-178389A, and WO 2018/123551A. The descriptions of these publications are incorporated herein by reference.

The thickness of the first λ/4 member composed of the liquid crystal alignment solidified layer is, for example, 1 μm to 10 μm, preferably 1 μm to 8 μm, more preferably 1 μm to 6 μm, and still more preferably 1 μm to 4 μm. be.

The retardation Rth (550) in the thickness direction of the positive C plate is preferably -50 nm to -300 nm, more preferably -70 nm to -250 nm, still more preferably -90 nm to -200 nm, and particularly preferably is −100 nm to −180 nm. Here, "nx=ny" includes not only the case where nx and ny are strictly equal, but also the case where nx and ny are substantially equal. The in-plane retardation Re (550) of the positive C plate is, for example, less than 10 nm.

Although the positive C-plate may be formed of any suitable material, the positive C-plate preferably consists of a film containing liquid crystal material fixed in a homeotropic orientation. The liquid crystal material (liquid crystal compound) that can be homeotropically aligned may be a liquid crystal monomer or a liquid crystal polymer. Specific examples of the method for forming such a liquid crystal compound and positive C plate include the method for forming the liquid crystal compound and the retardation layer described in [0020] to [0028] of JP-A No. 2002-333642. In this case, the thickness of the positive C plate is preferably 0.5 μm to 5 μm.

The polarizing member 12b may include, for example, a resin film containing a dichroic substance (sometimes referred to as an absorption type polarizing film). The thickness of the absorption type polarizing film is, for example, 1 μm or more and 20 μm or less, may be 2 μm or more and 15 μm or less, may be 12 μm or less, may be 10 μm or less, or may be 8 μm or less, It may be 5 μm or less.

The above-mentioned absorption type polarizing film may be produced from a single layer resin film, or may be produced using a laminate of two or more layers.

When manufacturing from a single-layer resin film, for example, a hydrophilic polymer film such as a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film, a partially formalized PVA film, or a partially saponified ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer film is coated with iodine or dichloromethane. An absorption type polarizing film can be obtained by performing a dyeing treatment with a dichroic substance such as a color dye, a stretching treatment, and the like. Among these, an absorption type polarizing film obtained by dyeing a PVA film with iodine and uniaxially stretching it is preferred.

The above-mentioned staining with iodine is performed, for example, by immersing the PVA-based film in an iodine aqueous solution. The stretching ratio of the above-mentioned uniaxial stretching is preferably 3 to 7 times. Stretching may be performed after the dyeing process or may be performed while dyeing. Alternatively, it may be dyed after being stretched. If necessary, the PVA film is subjected to swelling treatment, crosslinking treatment, washing treatment, drying treatment, etc.

The laminate produced using the above-mentioned laminate of two or more layers is a laminate of a resin base material and a PVA resin layer (PVA resin film) laminated on the resin base material, or a laminate of a resin base material and a PVA resin layer (PVA resin film) laminated on the resin base material, or Examples include a laminate of a material and a PVA-based resin layer formed by coating on the resin base material. An absorption type polarizing film obtained by using a laminate of a resin base material and a PVA resin layer coated on the resin base material can be obtained by, for example, applying a PVA resin solution to the resin base material, drying it, and applying the resin. Forming a PVA-based resin layer on a base material to obtain a laminate of the resin base material and the PVA-based resin layer; stretching and dyeing the laminate to make the PVA-based resin layer an absorption type polarizing film. can be produced by; In this embodiment, preferably, a polyvinyl alcohol resin layer containing a halide and a polyvinyl alcohol resin is formed on one side of the resin base material. Stretching typically includes immersing the laminate in an aqueous boric acid solution and stretching. Furthermore, the stretching may further include stretching the laminate in air at a high temperature (for example, 95° C. or higher) before stretching in the boric acid aqueous solution, if necessary. In addition, in the present embodiment, the laminate is preferably subjected to a drying shrinkage treatment in which the laminate is heated while being conveyed in the longitudinal direction to shrink by 2% or more in the width direction. Typically, the manufacturing method of this embodiment includes subjecting the laminate to an in-air auxiliary stretching process, a dyeing process, an underwater stretching process, and a drying shrinkage process in this order. By introducing auxiliary stretching, even when PVA is applied onto a thermoplastic resin, it becomes possible to improve the crystallinity of PVA and achieve high optical properties. At the same time, by increasing the orientation of PVA in advance, it is possible to prevent problems such as deterioration of orientation and dissolution of PVA when it is immersed in water during the subsequent dyeing and stretching processes, resulting in high optical properties. becomes possible to achieve. Furthermore, when the PVA-based resin layer is immersed in a liquid, disturbance in the orientation of polyvinyl alcohol molecules and deterioration of orientation can be suppressed compared to when the PVA-based resin layer does not contain a halide. Thereby, the optical properties of an absorption polarizing film obtained through a treatment process performed by immersing the laminate in a liquid, such as dyeing treatment and underwater stretching treatment, can be improved. Furthermore, optical properties can be improved by shrinking the laminate in the width direction by drying shrinkage treatment. The obtained resin base material/absorption type polarizing film laminate may be used as is (that is, the resin base material may be used as a protective layer of the absorption type polarizing film), or the resin base material/absorption type polarizing film laminate may be used as is. Any suitable protective layer depending on the purpose may be laminated on the peeled surface from which the resin base material is peeled off, or on the surface opposite to the peeled surface. Details of the manufacturing method of such an absorption type polarizing film are described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2012-73580 and Japanese Patent No. 6470455. The entire descriptions of these publications are incorporated herein by reference.

The cross transmittance (Tc) of the polarizing member (absorbing polarizing film) is preferably 0.5% or less, more preferably 0.1% or less, and still more preferably 0.05% or less. The single transmittance (Ts) of the polarizing member (absorbing polarizing film) is, for example, 41.0% to 45.0%, preferably 42.0% or more. The degree of polarization (P) of the polarizing member (absorbing polarizing film) is, for example, 99.0% to 99.997%, preferably 99.9% or more.

Typically, the protective member may be a laminated film having a base material and a surface treatment layer. A protective member having a surface treatment layer may be arranged such that the surface treatment layer is located on the front side. Specifically, the surface treatment layer may be located on the outermost surface of the laminated portion.

The maximum value of the 5° specular reflectance spectrum of the protective member in the wavelength range of 420 nm to 680 nm is, for example, 0% or more and 1.2% or less, preferably 1.0% or less, and more preferably 0.8%. % or less. By positioning a protective member having such reflective characteristics on the outermost surface of the laminated portion, visibility can be significantly improved. For example, by ensuring that the protective member in contact with the space formed between the display element 12 and the lens portion 4 satisfies the above reflection characteristics, light loss due to reflection at the interface between the air and the protective member can be extremely well suppressed. be able to. In the display system 2 that uses many members, the amount of light required is large, and the effect of suppressing light loss can be significantly obtained. Furthermore, when the protective member satisfies the above reflection characteristics, it is possible to suppress visual recognition of afterimages (ghosts) resulting from reflection.

The maximum value of the 30° regular reflectance spectrum in the wavelength range of 420 nm to 680 nm of the protective member is, for example, 0% or more and 1.4% or less, preferably 1.2% or less, and more preferably 1.0%. % or less. By positioning a protective member having such reflective characteristics on the outermost surface of the laminated portion, visibility can be significantly improved. For example, by ensuring that the protective member in contact with the space formed between the display element 12 and the lens portion 4 satisfies the above reflection characteristics, light loss due to reflection at the interface between the air and the protective member can be extremely well suppressed. be able to. Specifically, light may be diffused in the display system 2, and the diffused light may be incident on the protective member from an oblique direction. Such light loss can be suppressed extremely well. In the display system 2 that uses many members, the amount of light required is large, and the effect of suppressing light loss can be significantly obtained. Furthermore, when the protective member satisfies the above reflection characteristics, it is possible to suppress visual recognition of afterimages (ghosts) resulting from reflection.

As mentioned above, hue management can be important when the amount of light used is large. For example, the balance of reflectance in the visible light region can be important. The 5° regular reflectance of the protective member at a wavelength of 450 nm is, for example, 0.01% or more and 0.4% or less, preferably 0.3% or less, more preferably 0.2% or less, and even more preferably is 0.1% or less. The 5° regular reflectance of the protective member at a wavelength of 600 nm is, for example, 0.01% or more and 0.4% or less, preferably 0.3% or less, more preferably 0.2% or less, and even more preferably is 0.1% or less.

The 30° regular reflectance of the protective member at a wavelength of 450 nm is, for example, 0.01% or more and 0.6% or less, preferably 0.5% or less, more preferably 0.4% or less, and even more preferably is 0.3% or less. The 30° regular reflectance of the protective member at a wavelength of 600 nm is, for example, 0.01% or more and 0.6% or less, preferably 0.5% or less, more preferably 0.4% or less, and even more preferably is 0.3% or less.

The 5° specular reflectance spectrum of the protective member in the wavelength range of 420 nm to 680 nm may have minimum values in the wavelength range of 450 nm to 480 nm and the wavelength range of 600 nm to 630 nm. For example, the ratio of the average value Ave (450-480nm) of 5° specular reflectance in the wavelength range 450nm to 480nm to the average value Ave (530-560nm) of 5° specular reflectance in the wavelength range 530nm to 560nm is: Preferably it is 0.10 or more and 0.90 or less, more preferably 0.80 or less. Then, the ratio of the average value Ave (600-630 nm) of 5 degree regular reflectance in the wavelength range from 600 nm to 630 nm to the average value Ave (530-560 nm) of 5 degree regular reflectance in the wavelength range from 530 nm to 560 nm is: Preferably it is 0.10 or more and 0.50 or less, more preferably 0.40 or less. The average value of the 5° specular reflectance can be found, for example, by extracting measurement values at 7 points every 5 nm in each wavelength range and dividing the total by the number of extracted wavelengths (7 points). can.

The 30° specular reflectance spectrum of the protective member in the wavelength range of 420 nm to 680 nm may have minimum values in the wavelength range of 430 nm to 470 nm and in the wavelength range of 550 nm to 590 nm. For example, the ratio of the average value Ave (430-470 nm) of 30 degree regular reflectance in the wavelength range 430 nm to 470 nm to the average value Ave (480-510 nm) of 30 degree regular reflectance in the wavelength range 480 nm to 510 nm is: It is preferably 0.10 or more and less than 1.0, and may be 0.80 or less. Then, the ratio of the average value Ave (580-620 nm) of 30 degree regular reflectance in the wavelength range from 580 nm to 620 nm to the average value Ave (480-510 nm) of 30 degree regular reflectance in the wavelength range from 480 nm to 510 nm is: It is preferably 0.10 or more and less than 1.0, and may be 0.80 or less. Note that the average value of the 30° regular reflectance can be determined, for example, by extracting measured values every 5 nm in each wavelength range and dividing the total by the number of extracted wavelengths.

The ratio of the 5° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 420 nm to the 30° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 420 nm of the protective member (5° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 420 nm/30° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 420 nm) is, for example, 0.1 or more and 10 or less. and is preferably 0.3 or more and 5 or less, more preferably 0.5 or more and 4 or less. The ratio of the 5° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 680 nm to the 30° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 680 nm of the protective member (5° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 680 nm/30° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 680 nm) is, for example, 0.1 or more and 10 or less. and is preferably 0.2 or more and 5 or less, more preferably 0.3 or more and 2 or less. In addition to the above-mentioned low reflection characteristics, when the ratio of the reflectance in the substantially frontal direction and the reflectance in the oblique direction satisfies such a range, excellent display quality can be achieved. Specifically, when viewing an image by the display system 2, if the ratio of the reflectance in the substantially frontal direction and the reflectance in the diagonal direction is too large or too small, the line of sight may shift between the center of the image and the edges of the image. During this process, double images may occur due to reflected light (e.g., the image may become blurry), which may cause fatigue. Furthermore, during black display, the degree of white spots differs between the center and the edges, which may affect display quality.

The surface smoothness of the protective member is preferably 0.5 arcmin or less, more preferably 0.4 arcmin or less. By using a protective member that satisfies such smoothness, it is possible to suppress the generation of diffused light and to suppress images from becoming unclear. Substantially, the surface smoothness of the protective member is, for example, 0.1 arcmin or more. The thickness of the protective member is preferably 10 μm to 80 μm, more preferably 15 μm to 60 μm, and still more preferably 20 μm to 45 μm.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the general structure of a laminated film according to one embodiment of the present invention. The laminated film 34 has a base material 36 and a surface treatment layer 38 disposed above the base material 36. The thickness of the base material 36 is preferably 5 μm to 80 μm, more preferably 10 μm to 50 μm, and even more preferably 15 μm to 40 μm. The surface smoothness of the base material 36 is preferably 0.7 arcmin or less, more preferably 0.6 arcmin or less, and even more preferably 0.5 arcmin or less. Note that surface smoothness can be measured by focusing irradiation light on the surface of the target.

The base material 36 may be composed of any suitable film. Materials that are the main components of the film constituting the base material 36 include, for example, cellulose resins such as triacetyl cellulose (TAC), polyesters, polyvinyl alcohols, polycarbonates, polyamides, polyimides, and polyethersulfones. , polysulfone-based, polystyrene-based, cycloolefin-based such as polynorbornene, polyolefin-based, (meth)acrylic-based, acetate-based resins, and the like. Here, (meth)acrylic refers to acrylic and/or methacrylic. In one embodiment, the base material 36 is preferably made of (meth)acrylic resin. By employing (meth)acrylic resin, the above surface smoothness can be satisfactorily satisfied. Specifically, by employing (meth)acrylic resin, a base material with excellent surface smoothness can be formed into a film by extrusion molding.

The thickness of the surface treatment layer 38 is preferably 0.5 μm to 10 μm, more preferably 1 μm to 7 μm, and even more preferably 2 μm to 5 μm. The surface treatment layer 38 includes, for example, a hard coat layer 38a and a functional layer 38b having an antireflection function.

The hard coat layer 38a is typically formed by applying a hard coat layer forming material to the base material 36 and curing the applied layer. The hard coat layer forming material typically contains a curable compound as a layer forming component. Examples of the curing mechanism of the curable compound include a thermosetting type and a photocuring type. Examples of the curable compound include monomers, oligomers, and prepolymers. Preferably, a polyfunctional monomer or oligomer is used as the curable compound. Examples of polyfunctional monomers or oligomers include monomers or oligomers having two or more (meth)acryloyl groups, urethane (meth)acrylate or urethane (meth)acrylate oligomers, epoxy monomers or oligomers, and silicone monomers or oligomers. can be mentioned.

The thickness of the hard coat layer 38a is preferably 0.5 μm to 10 μm, more preferably 1 μm to 7 μm, and even more preferably 2 μm to 5 μm.

It is preferable that the functional layer 38b has a laminated structure including a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer. It is preferable that the functional layer 38b has a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer in this order from the base material 36 side. By having such a laminated structure, the above reflection characteristics can be satisfactorily satisfied.

For example, the high refractive index layer may be made of a high refractive index resin (for example, the refractive index measured at a wavelength of 550 nm is 1.55 or more). In this case, the high refractive index layer may typically be a coating layer. Further, for example, the high refractive index layer may be constituted by an inorganic film. In this case, the high refractive index layer can typically be formed by vacuum deposition, physical vapor deposition such as sputtering, or chemical vapor deposition.

The thickness of the high refractive index layer is preferably 10 nm to 200 nm, more preferably 20 nm to 150 nm.

The thickness of the low refractive index layer is preferably 10 nm to 200 nm, more preferably 20 nm to 150 nm.

The above-mentioned low refractive index layer (antireflection layer) can be obtained, for example, by applying a coating liquid for forming a low refractive index layer (antireflection layer) and curing the resulting coating film. The coating liquid for forming an antireflection layer may contain, for example, a resin component (curable compound), a fluorine-containing additive, hollow particles, solid particles, a solvent, etc., and may be obtained by mixing these, for example. I can do it.

Examples of the curing mechanism of the resin component (curable compound) contained in the coating liquid for forming an antireflection layer include a thermosetting type and a photocuring type. As the resin component, for example, a curable compound having at least one of an acrylate group and a methacrylate group is used, such as silicone resin, polyester resin, polyether resin, epoxy resin, urethane resin, alkyd resin, and spiroacetal resin. , polybutadiene resins, polythiol polyene resins, oligomers or prepolymers such as acrylates and methacrylates of polyfunctional compounds such as polyhydric alcohols, and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

For the resin component, for example, a reactive diluent having at least one of an acrylate group and a methacrylate group can also be used. As the reactive diluent, for example, the reactive diluent described in JP-A-2008-88309 can be used, and includes, for example, monofunctional acrylate, monofunctional methacrylate, polyfunctional acrylate, polyfunctional methacrylate, and the like. As the reactive diluent, from the viewpoint of obtaining excellent hardness, trifunctional or higher functional acrylates and trifunctional or higher functional methacrylates are preferably used. Examples of the reactive diluent include butanediol glycerol ether diacrylate, isocyanuric acid acrylate, isocyanuric acid methacrylate, and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. For example, a curing agent may be used to cure the resin component. As the curing agent, for example, known polymerization initiators (eg, thermal polymerization initiators, photopolymerization initiators, etc.) can be used.

The above-mentioned fluorine-containing additive may be, for example, an organic compound containing fluorine or an inorganic compound containing fluorine. Examples of the organic compound containing fluorine include a fluorine-containing antifouling coating agent, a fluorine-containing acrylic compound, and a fluorine/silicon containing acrylic compound. Commercially available products can be used as the organic compound containing fluorine. Specific examples of commercially available products include the product name "KY-1203" manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. and the product name "Megafac" manufactured by DIC Corporation. The content of the fluorine-containing additive is, for example, 0.05 parts by weight or more, 0.1 parts by weight or more, 0.15 parts by weight or more, 0.20 parts by weight or more, or 0 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the resin component. The amount may be .25 parts by weight or more, 20 parts by weight or less, 15 parts by weight or less, 10 parts by weight or less, 5 parts by weight or less, or 3 parts by weight or less.

As the hollow particles, for example, silica particles, acrylic particles, and acrylic-styrene copolymer particles are used. As the hollow silica particles, commercially available products (for example, trade names "Sururia 5320" and "Surulia 4320" manufactured by JGC Catalysts & Chemicals, Ltd.) can be used. The weight average particle diameter of the hollow particles may be, for example, 30 nm or more, 40 nm or more, 50 nm or more, 60 nm or more, or 70 nm or more, and 150 nm or less, 140 nm or less, 130 nm or less, 120 nm or less, or 110 nm or less. Good too. The shape of the hollow particles is not particularly limited, but is preferably approximately spherical. Specifically, the aspect ratio of the hollow particles is preferably 1.5 or less. The content of the hollow particles may be, for example, 30 parts by weight or more, 50 parts by weight or more, 70 parts by weight or more, 90 parts by weight or more, or 100 parts by weight or more, based on 100 parts by weight of the resin component. It may be less than 270 parts by weight, less than 250 parts by weight, less than 200 parts by weight, or less than 180 parts by weight.

As the solid particles, for example, silica particles, zirconia particles, and titania particles are used. As the solid silica particles, commercially available products (for example, trade names "MEK-2140Z-AC", "MIBK-ST", and "IPA-ST" manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.) can be used. The weight average particle diameter of the solid particles may be, for example, 5 nm or more, 10 nm or more, 15 nm or more, 20 nm or more, or 25 nm or more, and 330 nm or less, 250 nm or less, 200 nm or less, 150 nm or less, or 100 nm or less. It's okay. The shape of the hollow particles is not particularly limited, but is preferably approximately spherical. Specifically, the aspect ratio of the hollow particles is preferably 1.5 or less. The content of the solid particles may be, for example, 5 parts by weight or more, 10 parts by weight or more, 15 parts by weight or more, 20 parts by weight or more, or 25 parts by weight or more, based on 100 parts by weight of the resin component. It may be 150 parts by weight or less, 120 parts by weight or less, 100 parts by weight or less, or 80 parts by weight or less.

Any suitable solvent can be used as the above solvent. Examples of solvents include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, butanol, TBA (tertiary butyl alcohol), and 2-methoxyethanol; ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, MIBK (methyl isobutyl ketone), and cyclopentanone. ; Esters such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, PMA (propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate); Ethers such as diisopropyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether; Glycols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol; Ethyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve, etc. Examples include cellosolves; aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, heptane, and octane; and aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The content of the solvent is, for example, such that the weight of the solids relative to the weight of the entire coating liquid for forming an antireflection layer is, for example, 0.1% by weight or more, 0.3% by weight or more, 0.5% by weight or more, The content may be 1.0% by weight or more, or 1.5% by weight or more, and may be 20% by weight or less, 15% by weight or less, 10% by weight or less, 5% by weight or less, or 3% by weight or less. You can also do this.

As a coating method for the coating liquid for forming the antireflection layer, for example, known coating methods such as fountain coating method, die coating method, spin coating method, spray coating method, gravure coating method, roll coating method, and bar coating method can be used. construction method can be used. The drying temperature of the coating film is, for example, 30° C. to 200° C., and the drying time is, for example, 30 seconds to 90 seconds. The coating film can be cured by, for example, heating or light irradiation (typically, ultraviolet irradiation). As a light source for light irradiation, for example, a high pressure mercury lamp is used. The amount of ultraviolet irradiation is preferably 50 mJ/cm ² to 500 mJ/cm ² as a cumulative exposure amount at an ultraviolet wavelength of 365 nm.

In the lens portion 4, a space may be formed between the first lens portion 16 and the second lens portion 24. In this case, the member disposed between the first lens section 16 and the second lens section 24 is preferably provided integrally with either the first lens section 16 or the second lens section 24. For example, it is preferable that the member disposed between the first lens part 16 and the second lens part 24 be integrated with either the first lens part 16 or the second lens part 24 via an adhesive layer. According to such a configuration, for example, each member can be easily handled. Note that the details of the adhesive layer are as described above.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of details of the lens section of the display system shown in FIG. 1. Specifically, FIG. 4 shows a first lens part, a second lens part, and members disposed between them. The lens part 4 includes a first lens part 16 , a first laminated part 110 provided adjacent to the first lens part 16 , a second lens part 24 , and a second laminated part 110 provided adjacent to the second lens part 24 . A laminated portion 200 is provided. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the first laminated part 110 and the second laminated part 200 are arranged apart from each other. Although not shown, a half mirror may be provided integrally with the first lens section 16.

The first laminated part 110 includes a second retardation member 22 and an adhesive layer (for example, an adhesive layer) 41 disposed between the first lens part 16 and the second retardation member 22, and the adhesive layer 41, it is integrally provided to the first lens portion 16. The first laminated portion 110 further includes a first protection member 31 disposed in front of the second retardation member 22 . The first protection member 31 is laminated on the second retardation member 22 with an adhesive layer (eg, adhesive layer) 42 interposed therebetween. The first protection member 31 may be located on the outermost surface of the first laminated portion 110.

In the example shown in FIG. 4, the second retardation member 22 includes, in addition to the second λ/4 member 22a, a member (so-called positive C plate) 22b whose refractive index characteristics can exhibit the relationship nz>nx=ny. Contains. The second retardation member 22 has a laminated structure of a second λ/4 member 22a and a positive C plate 22b. By using a positive C plate, light leakage (for example, light leakage in an oblique direction) can be prevented. As shown in FIG. 4, in the second phase difference member 22, it is preferable that the second λ/4 member 22a is located in front of the positive C plate 22b. The second λ/4 member 22a and the positive C plate 22b are laminated, for example, via an adhesive layer (not shown).

Preferably, the second λ/4 member exhibits a refractive index characteristic of nx>ny≧nz. Here, "ny=nz" includes not only the case where ny and nz are completely equal, but also the case where ny and nz are substantially equal. Therefore, there may be a case where ny<nz within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention. The Nz coefficient of the second λ/4 member is preferably 0.9 to 3, more preferably 0.9 to 2.5, even more preferably 0.9 to 1.5, and particularly preferably is 0.9 to 1.3.

The second λ/4 member is formed of any suitable material that can satisfy the above characteristics. The second λ/4 member may be, for example, a stretched film of a resin film or an oriented solidified layer of a liquid crystal compound. The same explanation as for the first λ/4 member can be applied to the second λ/4 member composed of a stretched resin film or an oriented solidified layer of a liquid crystal compound. The first λ/4 member and the second λ/4 member may have the same configuration (for example, forming material, thickness, optical properties, etc.), or may have different configurations.

The positive C-plate may be formed of any suitable material. Details of the materials from which the positive C-plate may be formed are as described above.

Typically, the first protective member may be a laminated film having a base material and a surface treatment layer. The first protection member having the surface treatment layer may be arranged such that the surface treatment layer is located on the front side. Specifically, the surface treatment layer may be located on the outermost surface of the first laminated portion. Regarding details of the first protection member, the same explanation as for the above protection member can be applied. Specifically, the same explanations as for the above-mentioned protection member can be applied to the reflection characteristics, effects, smoothness, configuration, thickness, and constituent materials of the first protection member. For example, when the protective member (the first protective member and/or the second protective member described below) in contact with the space formed between the first lens part 16 and the second lens part 24 satisfies the above reflection characteristics, Light loss due to reflection at the interface between air and the protective member can be extremely well suppressed.

The second laminated portion 200 includes a reflective polarizing member 14 and an adhesive layer (for example, an adhesive layer) disposed between the reflective polarizing member 14 and the second lens portion 24. The second laminated section 200 further includes, for example, an absorptive polarizing member 28 disposed between the reflective polarizing member 14 and the second lens section 24 from the viewpoint of improving visibility. The absorptive polarizing member 28 is laminated in front of the reflective polarizing member 14 with an adhesive layer (for example, an adhesive layer) 44 interposed therebetween. The reflection axis of the reflective polarizing member 14 and the absorption axis of the absorptive polarizing member 28 may be arranged substantially parallel to each other, and the transmission axis of the reflective polarizing member 14 and the transmission axis of the absorptive polarizing member 28 may be arranged substantially parallel to each other. may be placed. By laminating them through an adhesive layer, the reflective polarizing member 14 and the absorbing polarizing member 28 are fixed, and it is possible to prevent misalignment of the axis arrangement between the reflective axis and the absorption axis (the transmission axis and the transmission axis). . Further, it is possible to suppress the adverse effects of an air layer that may be formed between the reflective polarizing member 14 and the absorbing polarizing member 28.

The second laminated section 200 further includes a second protection member 32 disposed behind the reflective polarizing member 14. The second protection member 32 is laminated on the reflective polarizing member 14 via an adhesive layer (for example, an adhesive layer) 43. The second protection member 32 may be located on the outermost surface of the second laminated portion 200. The first protection member 31 and the second protection member 32 are arranged facing each other with a space interposed therebetween. Like the first protection member, the second protection member may typically be a laminated film having a base material and a surface treatment layer. In this case, the surface treatment layer may be located on the outermost surface of the second laminated portion. Regarding the details of the second protection member, the same explanation as for the above protection member can be applied. Specifically, the same explanation as for the above-mentioned protection member can be applied to the reflection characteristics and effects, smoothness, configuration, thickness, and constituent materials of the second protection member.

In the example shown in FIG. 4, the second laminated section 200 further includes a third retardation member 30 disposed between the absorptive polarizing member 28 and the second lens section 24. The third retardation member 30 is laminated on the absorption type polarizing member 28 via an adhesive layer (for example, an adhesive layer) 45. Further, the third retardation member 30 is laminated on the second lens portion 24 via an adhesive layer (for example, an adhesive layer) 46, and the second laminated portion 200 is integrally provided on the second lens portion 24. There is. The third retardation member 30 includes, for example, a third λ/4 member. The angle between the absorption axis of the absorption type polarizing member 28 and the slow axis of the third λ/4 member included in the third retardation member 30 is, for example, 40° to 50°, and 42° to 48°. The angle may be approximately 45°. By providing such a member, for example, reflection of external light from the second lens portion 16 side can be prevented. If the third retardation member does not include any member other than the third λ/4 member, the third retardation member may correspond to the third λ/4 member.

The reflective polarizing member can transmit polarized light parallel to its transmission axis (typically, linearly polarized light) while maintaining its polarized state, and can reflect light in other polarized states. The reflective polarizing member is typically composed of a film having a multilayer structure (sometimes referred to as a reflective polarizing film). In this case, the thickness of the reflective polarizing member is, for example, 10 μm to 150 μm, preferably 20 μm to 100 μm, and more preferably 30 μm to 60 μm.

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a multilayer structure included in a reflective polarizing film. The multilayer structure 14a has layers A having birefringence and layers B having substantially no birefringence alternating. The total number of layers making up the multilayer structure may be between 50 and 1000. For example, the refractive index nx in the x-axis direction of the A layer is larger than the refractive index ny in the y-axis direction, and the refractive index nx in the x-axis direction and the refractive index ny in the y-axis direction of the B layer are substantially the same, The refractive index difference between layer A and layer B is large in the x-axis direction and substantially zero in the y-axis direction. As a result, the x-axis direction can become the reflection axis, and the y-axis direction can become the transmission axis. The refractive index difference between layer A and layer B in the x-axis direction is preferably 0.2 to 0.3.

The above layer A is typically made of a material that exhibits birefringence when stretched. Such materials include, for example, naphthalene dicarboxylic acid polyesters (eg, polyethylene naphthalate), polycarbonates, and acrylic resins (eg, polymethyl methacrylate). The B layer is typically made of a material that does not substantially exhibit birefringence even when stretched. Examples of such materials include copolyesters of naphthalene dicarboxylic acid and terephthalic acid. The multilayer structure may be formed by a combination of coextrusion and stretching. For example, after extruding the material constituting layer A and the material constituting layer B, they are multilayered (for example, using a multiplier). The obtained multilayer laminate is then stretched. The x-axis direction in the illustrated example may correspond to the stretching direction.

Commercially available reflective polarizing films include, for example, 3M's product names "DBEF" and "APF" and Nitto Denko's product name "APCF".

The cross transmittance (Tc) of the reflective polarizing member (reflective polarizing film) may be, for example, 0.01% to 3%. The single transmittance (Ts) of the reflective polarizing member (reflective polarizing film) is, for example, 43% to 49%, preferably 45% to 47%. The degree of polarization (P) of the reflective polarizing member (reflective polarizing film) can be, for example, 92% to 99.99%.

The above-mentioned orthogonal transmittance, single transmittance, and degree of polarization can be measured using, for example, an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. The degree of polarization P can be determined by measuring the single transmittance Ts, parallel transmittance Tp, and cross transmittance Tc using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, and from the obtained Tp and Tc using the following formula. Note that Ts, Tp, and Tc are Y values measured using a 2-degree visual field (C light source) according to JIS Z 8701 and subjected to visibility correction.
Polarization degree P (%) = {(Tp-Tc)/(Tp+Tc)} ^1/2 ×100

The absorptive polarizing member typically includes an absorptive polarizing film. The thickness, manufacturing method, and optical properties of the absorption type polarizing film are as described above.

The in-plane retardation Re (550) of the third λ/4 member is, for example, 100 nm to 190 nm, may be 110 nm to 180 nm, may be 130 nm to 160 nm, or may be 135 nm to 155 nm. Good too. The third λ/4 member preferably exhibits inverse dispersion wavelength characteristics in which the retardation value increases depending on the wavelength of the measurement light. Re(450)/Re(550) of the third λ/4 member is, for example, 0.75 or more and less than 1, and may be 0.8 or more and 0.95 or less. The third λ/4 member preferably exhibits a refractive index characteristic of nx>ny≧nz. The Nz coefficient of the third λ/4 member is preferably 0.9 to 3, more preferably 0.9 to 2.5, still more preferably 0.9 to 1.5, and particularly preferably is 0.9 to 1.3.

The third λ/4 member is formed of any suitable material that can satisfy the above characteristics. The third λ/4 member may be, for example, a stretched film of a resin film or an oriented solidified layer of a liquid crystal compound. The same explanation as for the first λ/4 member can be applied to the third λ/4 member composed of a stretched resin film or an oriented solidified layer of a liquid crystal compound. The first λ/4 member, the second λ/4 member, and the third λ/4 member may have the same configuration (for example, forming material, thickness, optical properties, etc.), or may have different configurations. It may be a member of

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of details of the lens section of the display system shown in FIG. 1. Specifically, FIG. 6 shows a first lens part, a second lens part, and members arranged between them. The lens section 4 includes a first lens section 16 , a first laminated section 110 provided adjacent to the first lens section 16 , and a second lens section 24 . The first laminated portion 110 and the second lens portion 24 are arranged apart from each other.

The first laminated part 110 includes a second retardation member 22 having a laminated structure of a second λ/4 member 22a and a positive C plate 22b, a reflective polarizing member 14, an absorptive polarizing member 28, and a third It includes a phase difference member 30 and a first protection member 31. It also includes adhesive layers (for example, adhesive layers) 41 to 45 that integrate each member. In the example shown in FIG. 6, unlike the example shown in FIG. 4, the member disposed between the first lens part 16 and the second lens part 24 is provided integrally with the first lens part 16. Only the first protection member 31 is provided as a protection member in contact with the space formed between the first lens part 16 and the second lens part 24.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples. Note that the thickness and surface smoothness are values measured by the following measuring method. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, "parts" and "%" are based on weight.
<Thickness>
The thickness of 10 μm or less was measured using a scanning electron microscope (manufactured by JEOL Ltd., product name “JSM-7100F”). Thickness exceeding 10 μm was measured using a digital micrometer (manufactured by Anritsu Corporation, product name “KC-351C”).
<Surface smoothness>
Surface smoothness was measured using a scanning white interferometer (manufactured by Zygo, product name "NewView9000"). Specifically, a measurement sample is placed on a measurement table with a vibration-proof table, interference fringes are generated using a single white LED illumination, and an interference objective lens (1.4x) with a reference plane is placed in the Z direction (thickness The smoothness (surface smoothness) of the outermost surface of the object to be measured in a field of view of 12.4 mm□ was selectively obtained by scanning in the 12.4 mm□ field of view. An acrylic adhesive layer with a thickness of 5 μm and minimal irregularities is formed on microslide glass (manufactured by Matsunami Glass Industries Co., Ltd., product name "S200200"), and the film to be measured is coated with foreign objects, air bubbles, and deformation lines on this adhesive surface. The smoothness of the surface opposite to the adhesive layer was measured.
Regarding the analysis, the value obtained by doubling the angle index "Slope magnitude RMS" (corresponding to 2σ) was defined as surface smoothness (unit: arcmin).

[Example 1]
(Preparation of hard coat layer forming material)
50 parts of urethane acrylic oligomer (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., "NK Oligo UA-53H"), polyfunctional acrylate whose main component is pentaerythritol triacrylate (manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., trade name "Viscoat #300") 30 parts, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate (manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) 20 parts, a leveling agent (manufactured by DIC Corporation, "GRANDIC PC4100") 1 part, and a photopolymerization initiator (manufactured by Ciba Japan, "Irgacure 907") Three parts were mixed and diluted with methyl isobutyl ketone to a solid content concentration of 50% to prepare a hard coat layer forming material.

(Preparation of coating liquid for forming high refractive index layer)
100 parts by weight of polyfunctional acrylate (manufactured by Arakawa Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name "Opstar KZ6728", solid content 20% by weight), 3 parts by weight of a leveling agent (manufactured by DIC Corporation, "GRANDIC PC4100"), and a photopolymerization initiator ( 3 parts by weight of "OMNIRAD907" (trade name, manufactured by BASF, solid content: 100% by weight) were mixed. The mixture was made to have a solid content of 12% by weight using butyl acetate as a diluting solvent, and stirred to prepare a coating liquid for forming a high refractive index layer.

(Preparation of coating liquid A for forming low refractive index layer)
100 parts by weight of polyfunctional acrylate whose main component is pentaerythritol triacrylate (manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., product name "Viscoat #300", solid content 100% by weight), hollow nano silica particles (JGC Catalysts & Chemicals Co., Ltd.) 150 parts by weight, solid nano silica particles (manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., trade name "MEK-2140Z-AC", solid content 20% by weight, weight average particle diameter 75 nm), solid content 30% weight%, weight average particle diameter 10 nm) 50 parts by weight, 12 parts by weight of a fluorine-containing additive (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name "KY-1203", solid content 20% by weight), and a photopolymerization initiator (BASF) 3 parts by weight (trade name: OMNIRAD907, manufactured by Co., Ltd., solid content: 100% by weight) were mixed. To the mixture, a mixed solvent of TBA (tertiary butyl alcohol), MIBK (methyl isobutyl ketone) and PMA (propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate) mixed in a weight ratio of 60:25:15 was added as a diluting solvent to dissolve the entire solid. The content was adjusted to 4% by weight and stirred to prepare a coating solution for forming a low refractive index layer.

The hard coat layer forming material described above was applied to an acrylic film having a lactone ring structure (thickness: 40 μm, surface smoothness: 0.45 arcmin), heated at 90°C for 1 minute, and the coated layer after heating was coated with a high-pressure mercury lamp. The coating layer was cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays with a cumulative light intensity of 300 mJ/cm ² to produce an acrylic film (44 μm thick, surface smoothness on the hard coat layer side 0.4 arcmin) on which a 4 μm thick hard coat layer was formed.
Next, the coating solution for forming a high refractive index layer was applied onto the hard coat layer using a wire bar, and the applied coating solution was heated at 80° C. for 1 minute and dried to form a coating film. . The dried coating film was cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays with a cumulative light intensity of 300 mJ/cm ² using a high-pressure mercury lamp to form a high refractive index layer with a thickness of 140 nm.
Next, the above coating liquid for forming a low refractive index layer is applied onto the high refractive index layer using a wire bar, and the applied coating liquid is heated at 80°C for 1 minute and dried to form a coating film. did. The dried coating film was cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays with a cumulative light intensity of 300 mJ/cm ² using a high-pressure mercury lamp to form a low refractive index layer with a thickness of 105 nm.
In this way, a laminated film with a thickness of 44 μm and a surface smoothness of 0.4 arcmin was obtained.

[Comparative example 1]
Same as Example 1 except that a high refractive index layer was not formed and a 100 nm thick low refractive index layer was formed using coating solution B below as a coating solution for forming a low refractive index layer. A laminated film having a thickness of 44 μm and a surface smoothness of 0.4 arcmin was obtained.

(Preparation of coating liquid B for forming low refractive index layer)
100 parts by weight of polyfunctional acrylate whose main component is pentaerythritol triacrylate (manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., product name "Viscoat #300", solid content 100% by weight), hollow nano silica particles (JGC Catalysts & Chemicals Co., Ltd.) 100 parts by weight (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., product name "Surulia 5320", solid content 20%, weight average particle diameter 75 nm), fluorine-containing additive (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., product name "KY-1203", solid content 20% by weight) ), and 3 parts by weight of a photopolymerization initiator (manufactured by BASF, trade name "OMNIRAD907", solid content 100% by weight) were mixed. To the mixture, a mixed solvent of TBA (tertiary butyl alcohol), MIBK (methyl isobutyl ketone) and PMA (propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate) mixed in a weight ratio of 60:25:15 was added as a diluting solvent to dissolve the entire solid. The content was adjusted to 4% by weight and stirred to prepare a coating liquid B for forming an antireflection low refractive layer.

[Comparative example 2]
A laminated film having a thickness of 44 μm and a surface smoothness of 0.4 arcmin was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer were not formed.

<Evaluation>
(1) Specular reflectance A test piece of 50 mm x 50 mm size was cut out from the laminated films of Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2, and this was attached to a black acrylic board using an adhesive to obtain a measurement sample. Ta. As a measuring device, a spectrophotometer (manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies, trade name "U-4100") was used to measure the specular reflectance spectrum. The measurement wavelength was in the range of 420 nm to 680 nm, and the incident angles of light to the measurement sample were 5° and 30°.

The 5° specular reflectance spectra of the laminated films of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 are shown in FIG. 7A. As shown in FIG. 7A, the maximum value of the 5° specular reflectance spectrum of the laminated film of Example 1 in the wavelength range of 420 nm to 680 nm was 0.75%. Further, the 5° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 450 nm was 0.17%, and the 5° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 600 nm was 0.05%. The results of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 are shown in Table 1.

The 30° specular reflectance spectra of the laminated films of Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 are shown in FIG. 7B. As shown in FIG. 7B, the maximum value of the 30° specular reflectance spectrum of the laminated film of Example 1 in the wavelength range of 420 nm to 680 nm was 0.85%. Further, the 30° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 450 nm was 0.15%, and the 30° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 600 nm was 0.13%. The results of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 are shown in Table 2.

From the obtained results, the ratio of the 5° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 420 nm to the 30° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 420 nm, and the ratio of the 5° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 680 nm to the 30° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 680 nm were calculated. The results are shown in Table 3.

(2) Appearance 1
The laminated films of Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 were attached to a black acrylic board using an adhesive to obtain a measurement plate. In a dark room, light was irradiated with light control volume 1 from a surface emitting unit (manufactured by AItec, LED lighting box "LLBK1") installed 18 cm away from the measurement plate. The appearance (reflection appearance) of the measurement plate was visually confirmed. The reflection appearance is shown in FIGS. 8(a), 8(b), and 8(c). Specifically, FIG. 8(a) shows the results when white display light is irradiated, FIG. 8(b) shows the results when blue light (wavelength 450nm±30nm) is irradiated, and FIG. c) shows the results when red light (wavelength 630 nm±30 nm) was irradiated.

(3) Appearance 2
The laminated films of Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 were attached to a transparent glass plate using an adhesive to obtain a measurement plate. When a surface emitting unit (manufactured by AItec, LED lighting box "LLBK1") is installed in a dark room, a measuring plate is placed on the light emitting surface, and light is irradiated from the surface emitting unit with dimming volume 1. The appearance (transmission appearance) of the measurement plate was visually confirmed. Transmission appearance is shown in FIGS. 9(a), 9(b), 9(c), and 9(d). Figure 9(a) shows the results when white display light is irradiated, Figure 9(b) shows the results when blue light (wavelength 450nm ± 30nm) is irradiated, and Figure 9(c) shows the results when red light is irradiated. (wavelength: 630 nm±30 nm), and FIG. 9(d) shows the results when green light (wavelength: 530 nm±30 nm) was irradiated.

As shown in FIGS. 8(a), 8(b), and 8(c), Example 1 has much better reflective appearance than Comparative Examples 1 and 2. In the above evaluation, a black acrylic plate was used with the assumption that it would be combined with an absorptive polarizing member, but a similar difference in reflection appearance was confirmed even when a transparent glass plate was used. According to Example 1, it is believed that the problem of ghosts that may occur due to reflected light in a display system can be extremely well resolved by the embodiments of the present invention. Note that, as shown in FIGS. 9(a), 9(b), 9(c), and 9(d), the transmission appearance of Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 is not significantly different. .

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications are possible. For example, it can be replaced with a configuration that is substantially the same as the configuration shown in the above embodiment, a configuration that has the same effect, or a configuration that can achieve the same purpose.

The display system according to the embodiment of the present invention can be used for a display body such as VR goggles, for example.

2 Display system, 4 Lens section, 12 Display element, 14 Reflective polarizing member, 16 First lens section, 18 Half mirror, 20 First retardation member, 22 Second retardation member, 24 Second lens section, 28 Absorption type polarizing member, 30 third retardation member, 31 first protection member, 32 second protection member, 33 protection member, 34 laminated film, 36 base material, 38 surface treatment layer, 41 to 46 adhesive layer, 100 lamination part, 110 first laminated part, 200 second laminated part.

Claims

A display system for displaying images to a user, the display system comprising:
a display element having a display surface that emits light representing an image forward through a polarizing member;
a reflective polarizing member disposed in front of the display element and reflecting light emitted from the display element;
a first lens portion disposed on an optical path between the display element and the reflective polarizing member;
a half disposed between the display element and the first lens section, which transmits the light emitted from the display element and reflects the light reflected by the reflective polarizing member toward the reflective polarizing member; mirror and
a second lens portion disposed in front of the reflective polarizing member;
a first λ/4 member disposed on an optical path between the display element and the half mirror;
a second λ/4 member disposed on the optical path between the half mirror and the reflective polarizing member;
a protective member disposed on at least one of an optical path between the display element and the half mirror and an optical path between the half mirror and the second lens portion;
Equipped with
The protective member has a 5° regular reflectance of 0.3% or less at a wavelength of 450 nm, a 5° regular reflectance of 0.3% or less at a wavelength of 600 nm, and a 30° regular reflectance of 0.3% at a wavelength of 450 nm. 5% or less, the 30° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 600 nm is 0.5% or less, and the ratio of the 5° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 420 nm to the 30° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 420 nm is 0.1 or more and 10 or less. Yes, and the ratio of the 5° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 680 nm to the 30° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 680 nm is 0.1 or more and 10 or less.
display system.
The display system according to claim 1, wherein the protection member is in contact with a space formed between the display element and the half mirror.
The display system according to claim 1, wherein the protection member is in contact with a space formed between the protection member and at least one of the first lens part and the second lens part.
The display system according to claim 1, wherein the protective member has a surface smoothness of 0.5 arcmin or less.
The display system according to claim 1, wherein the λ/4 member satisfies Re(450)<Re(550).
The display system according to claim 1, further comprising a laminated section including the first λ/4 member and the protective member.
The display system according to claim 6, wherein the laminated section includes a polarizing member included in the display element.
The display system according to claim 1, further comprising a laminated section including the second λ/4 member and the protective member.
The display system according to claim 1, further comprising a laminated section including the reflective polarizing member and the protective member.
The display system according to claim 9, wherein the laminated section includes an absorptive polarizing member disposed between the reflective polarizing member and the second lens section.
passing the light representing the image emitted through the polarizing member through the first λ/4 member;
a step of causing the light that has passed through the first λ/4 member to pass through a half mirror and a first lens portion;
passing the light that has passed through the half mirror and the first lens section through a second λ/4 member;
reflecting the light that has passed through the second λ/4 member toward the half mirror with a reflective polarizing member;
a step of allowing the light reflected by the reflective polarizing member and the half mirror to be transmitted through the reflective polarizing member by the second λ/4 member;
passing the light that has passed through the reflective polarizing member through a second lens section;
used in a display method having
A laminated film disposed on at least one of an optical path between the display element and the half mirror and an optical path between the half mirror and the second lens portion,
The 5° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 450 nm is 0.3% or less, the 5° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 600 nm is 0.3% or less, and the 30° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 450 nm is 0.5% or less. , the 30° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 600 nm is 0.5% or less, the ratio of the 5° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 420 nm to the 30° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 420 nm is from 0.1 to 10, and at a wavelength of 680 nm. The ratio of the 5° regular reflectance at a wavelength of 680 nm to the 30° regular reflectance is 0.1 or more and 10 or less,
Laminated film.