WO2023174293A1 - Connector assembly provided with solid cooling medium, and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

A connector assembly provided with a solid cooling medium, and a vehicle. The connector assembly comprises at least one electrical connecting framework and connectors including connecting terminals, wherein two ends of the electrical connecting framework are respectively electrically connected to the connecting terminals; the electrical connecting framework is provided with a hollow inner cavity, and a protective shell is sleeved on the periphery of the electrical connecting framework; a cavity is formed between the periphery of the electrical connecting framework and an inner wall of the protective shell; and the hollow inner cavity and the cavity are filled with a cooling medium. The present invention can reduce high-temperature failures, improve the safety of the whole vehicle, and shield against electromagnetic interference.

Description

A connector assembly with solid cooling medium and a vehicle

cross reference information

This application requires the priority of the Chinese patent application submitted to the China Patent Office on March 14, 2022, with the application number 202210248434.8 and the invention title "A connector assembly with solid cooling medium and a vehicle", all of which The contents are incorporated into this application by reference.

Technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of automotive electrical appliances, and more specifically, to a connector assembly with a solid cooling medium and a vehicle.

Background technique

With the increasing popularity of new energy vehicles, equipment and facilities for transmitting electric energy to new energy vehicles have also developed. Since the connector assemblies on new energy vehicles have to meet the requirements of high-power motors, the transmission current is relatively large. , the diameter of the high-voltage cable on the connector assembly also increases, and the assembly on the vehicle body can only be installed manually, which wastes labor costs and time costs.

In addition, during normal use, high-voltage cables will flow through very large currents, so high-voltage cables and connecting joints will generate a large amount of heat. Excessive heat will lead to high temperatures, high-voltage cable connection locations and surrounding connectors. , The fixing parts will fail due to high temperature, affecting the normal use of the connector assembly, causing short circuits and open circuits, and even creating the risk of electric shock and endangering lives.

Due to the large current, high-voltage cables will produce strong electromagnetic interference. In order to reduce the impact of electromagnetic interference, high-voltage cables usually use shielding nets to shield electromagnetic interference. Currently, the commonly used shielding nets are made of metal wires, which require Adding a shielding braiding machine to cable production equipment has high equipment prices and a large area, resulting in high prices for connector shielded cables. Moreover, the current shielding technology for connectors is not particularly perfect, which will cause the electrical appliances in the car to be interfered and unable to be used.

There is currently no practical solution to the above problems. Therefore, the automotive electrical technology field is in urgent need of a connector assembly with smaller wire diameter, lower cable heat, and can realize automated production and assembly.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a connector assembly with a solid cooling medium and a new technical solution for a vehicle. The connector assembly with solid cooling medium of the present invention can reduce the failure of the electrical connection skeleton and the connection terminals due to the high temperature generated by electricity, reduce the diameter of the electrical connection skeleton, extend the service life of the connector, improve the safety of the entire vehicle, and at the same time to shield electromagnetic interference.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a connector assembly with a solid cooling medium is provided, including: at least one electrical connection skeleton and a connector, the connector includes connection terminals, and both ends of the electrical connection skeleton They are electrically connected to the connection terminals respectively. The electrical connection skeleton has a hollow inner cavity. The outer periphery of the electrical connection skeleton is sleeved with a protective shell with shielding effect. There is a gap between the outer periphery of the electrical connection skeleton and the inner wall of the protective shell with shielding effect. A cavity is formed, and the hollow inner cavity and the cavity are at least partially filled with a solid or semi-solid cooling medium.

Optionally, the electrical connection skeleton is made of a rigid hollow conductor material.

Optionally, the annular cross-sectional area of the electrical connection skeleton is 0.33mm ² -240mm ² .

Optionally, the electrical connection frame is electrically connected to the connection terminal by welding or crimping.

Optionally, the protective shell material contains rigid conductive material.

Optionally, the protective case is made of metal or conductive plastic.

Optionally, the connector further includes a shielding inner shell, and the shielding inner shell is made of conductive material.

Optionally, the shielding inner shell is made of metal or conductive plastic.

Optionally, the conductive plastic is a polymer material containing conductive particles, and the conductive particle material contains one or more of metal, conductive ceramics, carbon-containing conductors, solid electrolytes, and mixed conductors; the polymer material Materials include tetrastyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polyamide, polytetrafluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene/hexafluoropropylene copolymer, ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyurethane, poly Terephthalic acid, polyurethane elastomer, styrenic block copolymer, perfluoroalkoxyalkane, chlorinated polyethylene, polyphenylene sulfide, polystyrene, cross-linked polyolefin, ethylene-propylene rubber, ethylene/ Vinyl acetate copolymer, chloroprene rubber, natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber, silicone rubber, butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, chloroprene rubber, butyl rubber, fluorine rubber, polyurethane rubber, poly Acrylate rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, chloroether rubber, chlorinated polyethylene rubber, chlorosulfur rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, butadiene rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, polysulfide rubber, cross-linked polyethylene , one or more of polycarbonate, polysulfone, polyphenylene ether, polyester, phenolic resin, urea formaldehyde, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, polymethacrylate, and polyoxymethylene resin.

Optionally, the metal material contains one or more of nickel, cadmium, zirconium, chromium, cobalt, manganese, aluminum, tin, titanium, zinc, copper, silver, gold, phosphorus, tellurium, and beryllium.

Optionally, the carbon-containing conductor contains one or more of graphite powder, carbon nanotube material, graphene material, graphite silver or graphene silver.

Optionally, the protective shell is electrically connected to the shielded inner shell by crimping or welding.

Optionally, the impedance between the protective shell and the shielded inner shell is less than 80mΩ.

Optionally, the transfer impedance of the protective shell is less than 100 mΩ.

Optionally, the transfer impedance of the shielded inner shell is less than 100 mΩ.

Optionally, the thickness of the protective shell accounts for 1%-15% of the outer diameter of the protective shell.

Optionally, the outer diameter of the cavity is 1.02 times to 1.3 times the outer diameter of the electrical connection skeleton.

Optionally, the cooling rate of the cooling medium on the electrical connection skeleton is 0.04K/s-9.8K/s.

Optionally, the cooling medium is thermally conductive tape, thermally conductive insulating elastic rubber, flexible thermally conductive pad, thermally conductive filler and thermally conductive insulating potting glue.

Optionally, the cooling medium is provided on the outer periphery of the electrical connection skeleton by injection molding, extrusion molding, dipping, foaming, winding, braiding, pouring, filling or wrapping.

Optionally, the cooling medium contains one or more of quartz glass, silicon carbide, mica, sand, diamond, silicon, graphene and derivatives or silicone grease.

Optionally, the volume of the cooling medium in the hollow inner cavity accounts for more than 1.1% of the volume of the hollow inner cavity.

Optionally, the volume of the cooling medium in the cavity accounts for more than 1.1% of the volume of the cavity.

Optionally, the cooling medium is distributed unevenly in the hollow inner cavity or the cavity.

Optionally, one of the connectors is a charging stand.

Optionally, part of the electrical connection skeleton is flexible.

Optionally, the electrical connection skeleton includes at least one bent portion.

Optionally, the cross-sectional shape of the electrical connection skeleton is circular, elliptical, rectangular, polygonal, A-shaped, B-shaped, D-shaped, M-shaped, P-shaped, N-shaped, O-shaped, S-shaped, E-shaped, One of F shape, H shape, K shape, L shape, T shape, U shape, V shape, W shape, X shape, Y shape, Z shape, P shape, semi-arc shape, arc shape, wavy shape or Several kinds.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a vehicle is provided, including the connector assembly with a solid cooling medium as described in any of the above embodiments.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The connector assembly with a solid cooling medium of the present invention can reduce the failure of the electrical connection skeleton and the connection terminals due to high temperatures caused by energization, reduce the diameter of the electrical connection skeleton, extend the service life of the connector, and improve the safety of the entire vehicle.

2. The electrical connection skeleton is covered with a protective shell. The protective shell not only plays the role of constructing the cavity, but also acts as a shielding layer, effectively shielding the electromagnetic interference generated by the electrical connection skeleton.

3. Solve the problem of the current thick wire diameter of high-voltage wire harness, using the technology of adding solid cooling medium to reduce the heat generation of the electrical connection skeleton, so that the electrical connection skeleton can conduct larger current with a smaller wire diameter.

4. It solves the problem that the current high-voltage wire harness uses flexible cables and cannot realize automated production and assembly. By using at least part of the hard electrical connection skeleton, the automated assembly and assembly of the high-voltage wire harness can be realized.

5. Solve the problem of low cooling efficiency of current liquid-cooled wire harnesses. Current liquid-cooled wire harnesses are cooled through liquid-cooled tubes. The present invention uses a solid cooling medium that directly contacts the electrical connection skeleton, which can quickly reduce the temperature of the electrical connection skeleton and achieve Large current conduction.

6. It solves the problem of contact and friction between flexible cables and the car shell, resulting in damage to the insulation layer and short circuit. The electrical connection skeleton can be arranged to follow the shape of the car body, but can be at a certain distance from the car body to ensure that it does not rub against the car shell, thus ensuring that the electrical connection is The service life of the connecting frame.

7. A shielded inner shell is installed inside the connector, which can effectively prevent electromagnetic interference generated by the connector terminals. The shielded inner shell made of conductive plastic can be integrally molded with the connector by integral injection molding, saving processing time and improving production. efficiency and reduce production costs.

8. The electrical connection skeleton is also equipped with flexible parts and curved parts. The structure of the connector assembly can be reasonably designed according to the installation environment of the vehicle body, making it easier to install the connector assembly on the vehicle body and saving assembly time.

Other features of the invention and its advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Description of the drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a connector assembly with a solid cooling medium according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the electrical connection skeleton and the second connector of the connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the electrical connection skeleton and the second connector of the connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a cross-sectional view of an electrical connection skeleton of a connector assembly with a solid cooling medium according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Description of main component symbols:
11-first connector, 12-second connector, 2-electrical connection frame, 3-hollow inner cavity, 4-shielded inner shell, 5-protective shell, 6-cavity, 7-connection terminal, 8-seal ring.

Detailed ways

Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that unless otherwise specified The relative arrangement of components and steps, numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these examples are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application or uses.

Techniques, methods and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods and devices should be considered a part of the specification.

In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values are to be construed as illustrative only and not as limiting. Accordingly, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a connector assembly with a solid cooling medium includes at least one electrical connection skeleton 2 and a connector (as shown in Figure 1, it can include a first connector 11 and a second connection Device 12), the connector includes connection terminals 7, and both ends of the electrical connection frame 2 are electrically connected to the connection terminals 7 respectively. The electrical connection frame 2 has a hollow inner cavity 3, and the outer periphery of the electrical connection frame 2 is sleeved with a protective shell 5 with shielding effect. , a cavity 6 is formed between the outer wall of the electrical connection skeleton 2 and the inner wall of the protective shell 5, and the hollow inner cavity 3 and the cavity 6 are at least partially filled with solid or semi-solid cooling medium.

Preferably, the cooling medium is provided on the outer periphery of the electrical connection frame 2 by injection molding, extrusion molding, dipping, foaming, winding, braiding, pouring, filling or wrapping.

Injection molding process refers to the process of making semi-finished parts of a certain shape from molten raw materials through operations such as pressurization, injection, cooling, and separation.

Extrusion is an efficient, continuous and low-cost molding processing method. It is an early technology in polymer material processing. Extrusion molding has the largest variety of products, the most changes, high productivity and adaptability in the field of polymer processing. It is a molding processing method with strong performance, wide range of uses and the largest proportion of output.

The dip molding process refers to a process in which the workpiece is electrically heated to reach a certain temperature, and then immersed in the dip molding liquid to allow the dip molding liquid to solidify on the workpiece.

The foaming process refers to the formation of a honeycomb or porous structure through the addition and reaction of physical foaming agents or chemical foaming agents in the foaming molding process or foamed polymer materials. The basic steps of foam molding are the formation of bubble cores, the growth or expansion of bubble cores, and the stabilization of bubble cores. Under given temperature and pressure conditions, the solubility of the gas decreases until it reaches a saturated state, allowing excess gas to be eliminated and bubbles formed, thereby achieving nucleation.

Wrapping is to directly wrap the thermal conductive tape around the outer periphery of the electrical connection frame 2 .

Braiding is to organize multiple strips of cooling medium by interlacing or hooking each other, and then filling them between the electrical connection skeleton 2 and the protective shell 5 .

Pouring is to pour the unformed cooling medium between the electrical connection frame 2 and the protective shell 5 and then wait for solidification and molding.

The wrapping means that the thermal conductive tape is wrapped entirely around the outer periphery of the electrical connection frame 2 .

Filling involves setting a filling cavity around the periphery of the electrical connection skeleton 2, and then filling the cooling medium into the filling cavity.

Preferably, the cooling medium contains one or more of quartz glass, silicon carbide, mica, sand, diamond, silicon, graphene and derivatives or silicone grease. The type of cooling medium can be selected according to actual needs.

Quartz glass is made by melting various pure natural quartz (such as crystal, quartz sand, etc.).

Silicon carbide is an inorganic substance with the chemical formula SiC. It is smelted at high temperature in a resistance furnace using raw materials such as quartz sand, petroleum coke (or coal coke), and wood chips (salt is required when producing green silicon carbide).

Mica is a rock-forming mineral with a hexagonal flake crystal form and is one of the main rock-forming minerals.

Sand and gravel refers to a loose mixture of sand and gravel.

Diamond is a mineral composed of carbon and is the hardest substance naturally occurring in nature. Graphite can form artificial diamond under high temperature and pressure.

Silicon exists mainly in the form of oxides and silicates with high melting points. It is also a material used in semiconductors.

Graphene is a new material in which carbon atoms connected by sp ² hybridization are closely packed into a single-layer two-dimensional honeycomb lattice structure.

Silicone grease is refined from silicone oil as a base oil thickened inorganic thickener. It has good waterproof sealing, waterproof, solvent resistance and anti-creeping properties.

At present, most of the cables on the connector assembly use multi-core copper cables, which are heavy and expensive, which have become obstacles limiting the popularity of new energy vehicles. In addition, although multi-core cables are relatively soft and can be easily processed and routed, the reason is that the wire diameter is too thick and the weight is large. When the car is driving, the cables will frequently rub against the car casing, causing damage to the insulation layer of the cables. Causes high-voltage discharge, which may damage the vehicle at least, or cause serious traffic accidents at worst. Therefore, the cable form of the electrical connection skeleton can be used to replace the multi-core cable structure, so that the cable can be fixed on the car shell and will not rub with the car shell due to the vibration of the car, extending the service life of the connector assembly and reducing accidents incidence rate. When the car is charging, the current flowing through the electrical connection frame is very large, and the temperature of the electrical connection frame rises rapidly. The cavity 6 between the protective shell with shielding effect and the electrical connection frame and the hollow inner cavity 3 are filled with solid or semi-solid state The solid cooling medium has a cooling effect on the electrical connection skeleton 2, thereby cooling the heated electrical connection skeleton 2 so that the connector assembly can work at a safe temperature.

In some embodiments, the electrical connection frame 2 is made of a rigid hollow conductor material. Thus, the above-mentioned hollow inner cavity 3 is formed. Furthermore, in order to reduce the degree of heat generation of the electrical connection skeleton 2 , the hollow inner cavity 3 is also at least partially filled with a solid or semi-solid cooling medium.

In some embodiments, the volume of the cooling medium in the hollow inner cavity 3 accounts for more than 1.1% of the volume of the hollow inner cavity 3 . In order to verify the influence of the volume of the cooling medium on the temperature rise of the electrical connection skeleton 2, the inventor selected 10 identical Electrical connection skeletons 2 with the same cross-sectional area, same material, and same length are passed through the same current, and different volumes of cooling media are used to cool the electrical connection skeletons 2, and the temperature rise values of each electrical connection skeleton 2 are read and recorded in the table. 1 in.

The experimental method is to conduct the same current through the electrical connection skeleton 2 using different volumes of cooling media in a closed environment, record the temperature before power on and the temperature after power on when the temperature is stable, and take the absolute value of the difference. In this embodiment, a temperature rise of less than 50K is considered a qualified value.

Table 1: Effects of different volumes of cooling media on the temperature rise of the electrical connection skeleton 2

It can be seen from Table 1 above that when the volume ratio is less than 1.1%, the temperature rise value of the electrical connection skeleton 2 is unqualified. Therefore, the inventor set it so that the volume of the cooling medium in the hollow inner cavity 3 should account for more than 1.1% of the volume of the hollow inner cavity 3 .

In some embodiments, the volume of the cooling medium in the cavity 6 accounts for more than 1.1% of the volume of the cavity 6 . In order to verify the influence of the volume of the cooling medium on the temperature rise of the electrical connection skeleton 2, the inventor adopted the above verification process of the volume percentage of the cooling medium in the hollow inner cavity to the volume of the hollow inner cavity, and for the sake of simplicity, the details will not be described again.

In some embodiments, the cooling medium is distributed unevenly in the hollow inner cavity 3 . In the car body space, the heat generation is inconsistent at different locations and requires better heat dissipation effect. More cooling medium can be filled between the outer wall of the electrical connection frame 2 and the inner wall of the protective shell. When the electrical connection frame 2 is in a bent state, the bending If the heat generated in the folded part is larger, more cooling medium needs to be filled. When the straight part of the electrical connection skeleton is used, the heat generated is very small, and less cooling medium can be filled, or even not filled, to reduce the size of the connector assembly. weight, reducing cooling medium consumption and saving costs.

In some embodiments, part of the electrical connection frame 2 is flexible. The flexible body can ensure that the electrical connection frame 2 can make a larger bending angle to facilitate installation in a car body with a relatively large corner. At the same time, the flexible body can absorb the vibration of the electrical connection frame 2 so that the vibration of the electrical connection frame 2 will not affect the connector and other corresponding electrical devices on the vehicle body.

In some embodiments, the electrical connection frame 2 includes at least one bent portion to meet the need for the electrical connection frame 2 to be installed on the vehicle body.

In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the electrical connection skeleton 2 is circular, oval, rectangular, polygonal, A-shaped, B-shaped, D-shaped, M-shaped, P-shaped, N-shaped, O-shaped, S-shaped, E-shaped , F shape, H shape, K shape, L shape, T shape, U shape, V shape, W shape, X shape, Y shape, Z shape, P shape, semi-arc shape, arc shape, wavy shape Or several. Electrical connection skeletons 2 with different shapes and cross sections can be selected according to actual needs.

In some embodiments, the annular cross-sectional area of the electrical connection skeleton 2 is 0.33mm ² -240mm ² . The cross-sectional area of the electrical connection skeleton 2 determines the current that the electrical connection skeleton 2 can conduct. Generally, the electrical connection skeleton 2 that realizes signal conduction has a smaller current and the cross-sectional area of the electrical connection skeleton 2 is also smaller. For example, it is used for The minimum cross-sectional area of the electrical connection skeleton 2 that transmits signals can reach 0.33mm ² , and the electrical connection skeleton 2 that realizes power conduction has a larger current and a larger cross-sectional area. For example, the maximum cross-sectional area of the conductor in a car battery wiring harness Reach 240mm ² .

In some embodiments, the connector also includes a shielding inner shell 4 , and the shielding inner shell 4 is made of conductive material. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the material of the shielding inner shell 4 contains metal or conductive plastic. Conductive plastic is conductive plastic or conductive rubber containing metal particles. The advantage of using conductive plastic is that it can be easily injection molded, and the user can choose a suitable material for the shielding inner shell 4 according to needs. In order to reduce the impact of electromagnetic interference, conductive cables usually use shielding nets to shield electromagnetic interference. Currently, the commonly used shielding nets are made of metal wires. It is necessary to add a shielding braiding machine to the cable production equipment. The equipment is expensive and accounts for The large ground area causes the price of shielded cables for connectors to remain high. In this article, the shielding inner shell 4 made of conductive material is electrically connected to the protective shell 5 with shielding effect to form a complete shielding device. It can function as a shielding layer, effectively shielding the electromagnetic interference generated by energizing the electrical connection skeleton 2, saving the use of the shielding net, and reducing the cost of the connector assembly. Preferably, a sealing ring 8 can be provided between the shielding inner shell 4 and the protective shell 5 to ensure that the cooling medium does not overflow the connector and the electrical connection frame 2 .

In some embodiments, the protective shell 5 is made of rigid conductive material. As a result, the cable can be fixed on the car shell and will not rub against the car shell as the car vibrates, extending the service life of the connector assembly and reducing the incidence of accidents.

In some embodiments, the protective case 5 is made of conductive metal or conductive plastic. Conductive plastic is conductive plastic or conductive rubber containing metal particles. The advantage of using conductive plastic is that it can be easily injection molded, and users can choose a protective case 5 of suitable material according to their needs.

Since the electrical connection frame 2 conducts a large current, and the protective case 5 with shielding effect needs to be connected to electricity in order to achieve the shielding effect, the electrical connection frame 2 and the protective case 5 with shielding effect cannot be electrically connected, otherwise a short circuit will occur. Therefore, the solid or semi-solid cooling medium filled in the cavity 6 between the electrical connection frame 2 and the protective shell 5 with shielding effect must be insulated.

In some embodiments, the conductive plastic is a polymer material containing conductive particles. The conductive particle material contains one or more of metal, conductive ceramics, carbon-containing conductors, solid electrolytes, and mixed conductors. The materials of the polymer material include tetrastyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polyamide, polytetrafluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene/hexafluoropropylene copolymer, ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polypropylene, polyvinylidene Ethylene fluoride, polyurethane, polyterephthalic acid, polyurethane elastomer, styrene block copolymer, perfluoroalkoxyalkane, chlorinated polyethylene, polyphenylene sulfide, polystyrene, cross-linked polyolefin Hydrocarbon, ethylene-propylene rubber, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer, chloroprene rubber, natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber, silicone rubber, butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, butyl rubber, fluorine rubber, Polyurethane rubber, polyacrylate rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, chloroether rubber, chlorinated polyethylene rubber, chlorosulfur rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, butadiene rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, polysulfide rubber, One or more of cross-linked polyethylene, polycarbonate, polysulfone, polyphenylene ether, polyester, phenolic resin, urea formaldehyde, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, polymethacrylate, and polyoxymethylene resin . Conductive plastics containing different particles can be selected according to needs.

Furthermore, the metal material contains one or more of nickel, cadmium, zirconium, chromium, cobalt, manganese, aluminum, tin, titanium, zinc, copper, silver, gold, phosphorus, tellurium, and beryllium. In order to demonstrate the influence of different metal materials on the conductivity of the shielding inner shell 4, the inventor conducted experiments, using metal particles of the same size and different materials to make samples of the shielding inner shell 4, and tested the conductivity of the shielding inner shell 4 respectively. rate, the experimental results are shown in Table 2 below. In this embodiment, the conductivity of the shielding inner shell 4 is greater than 99%, which is an ideal value.

Table 2: Effects of metal particles of different materials on the conductivity of the shielding inner shell 4

As can be seen from Table 2 above, the conductivities of conductive plastics made of different metal particles are within the ideal range. In addition, phosphorus is a non-metallic material and cannot be directly used as a material for conductive plating, but it can be added to other metals to form Alloys improve the electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of the metal itself. Therefore, the inventor determined that the material of the metal particles contains one or more of nickel, cadmium, zirconium, chromium, cobalt, manganese, aluminum, tin, titanium, zinc, copper, silver, gold, phosphorus, tellurium, and beryllium.

Further, the carbon-containing conductor contains one or more of graphite powder, carbon nanotube materials, graphene materials, graphite silver or graphene silver. Graphite powder is a mineral powder, the main component is carbon, soft, black gray; graphite powder is a good non-metallic conductive substance. Carbon nanotubes have good electrical conductivity. Since the structure of carbon nanotubes is the same as the lamellar structure of graphite, they have good electrical properties. Graphene, graphite silver and graphene silver have extremely high electrical properties. Carbon-containing conductors containing these three materials have high conductivity and good shielding properties, and can effectively achieve electromagnetic shielding of the electrical connection skeleton 2.

In some embodiments, the connection terminal 7 is made of copper or copper alloy, the electrical connection frame 2 is made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, and the electrical connection frame 2 is electrically connected to the connection terminal 7 by welding or crimping.

Copper or copper alloy has high electrical conductivity and is friction-resistant, and most of the electrical connection parts of current electrical devices are made of copper. Therefore, it is necessary to use connection terminals 7 made of copper or copper alloy for plug-in and pull-out connections. The connection terminal 7 Can be widely Widely used in various electrical transmission scenarios.

The electrical connection skeleton 2 made of aluminum or aluminum alloy has the advantages of good rigidity, light weight and high transmission efficiency, and is particularly suitable for the transmission of large currents.

The connection terminal 7 and the electrical connection frame 2 are connected by welding, and the welding method used includes one or more of resistance welding, friction welding, ultrasonic welding, arc welding, laser welding, electron beam welding, pressure diffusion welding, and magnetic induction welding. , uses concentrated heat energy or pressure to create a molten connection at the contact position between the connection terminal 7 and the electrical connection frame 2, and the connection is stable by welding.

In addition, the metal inertness of copper is greater than that of aluminum. The electrode potential difference between copper and aluminum is 1.9997V. When the two metals are connected and energized, an electrochemical reaction will occur, causing the aluminum wire to be gradually oxidized, reducing the mechanical strength and strength of the aluminum wire. Electrical conductivity, welding can be used to connect dissimilar materials. Because the contact positions are fused, the conductive effect is better.

Resistance welding refers to a method that uses strong current to pass through the contact point between the electrode and the workpiece, and generates heat due to the contact resistance to achieve welding.

Friction welding refers to a method that uses the heat generated by friction on the contact surface of the workpiece as a heat source to cause plastic deformation of the workpiece under pressure for welding.

Ultrasonic welding uses high-frequency vibration waves to transmit to the surfaces of two objects to be welded. Under pressure, the surfaces of the two objects rub against each other to form fusion between the molecular layers.

The arc welding method refers to using the arc as a heat source and utilizing the physical phenomenon of air discharge to convert electrical energy into the thermal energy and mechanical energy required for welding, thereby achieving the purpose of joining metals. The main methods include electrode arc welding, submerged arc welding, and gas shielding. Welding etc.

Laser welding is an efficient and precise welding method that uses high-energy-density laser beams as heat sources.

Friction welding refers to a method that uses the heat generated by friction on the contact surface of the workpiece as a heat source to cause plastic deformation of the workpiece under pressure for welding.

Electron beam welding refers to the use of accelerated and focused electron beams to bombard the welding surface placed in a vacuum or non-vacuum, so that the workpiece to be welded melts to achieve welding.

Pressure welding is a method of applying pressure to the weldment to bring the joint surfaces into close contact and produce a certain amount of plastic deformation to complete the welding.

In the magnetic induction welding method, two workpieces to be welded undergo an instantaneous high-speed collision under the action of a strong pulse magnetic field. Under the action of a high pressure wave on the surface of the material, the atoms of the two materials meet within the inter-atomic distance, thereby forming a bond at the interface. Form a stable metallurgical bond. It is a type of solid-state cold welding that can weld conductive metals with similar or dissimilar properties together.

Crimping method: Crimping is a production process in which after assembling the electrical connection frame 2 and the connection terminal 7, a crimping machine is used to stamp the two into one body. The advantage of crimping is mass production. By using an automatic crimping machine, products of stable quality can be manufactured quickly and in large quantities.

In some embodiments, the protective shell 5 is electrically connected to the shielded inner shell 4 by crimping or welding. Aluminum or aluminum alloy materials have good electrical conductivity, are light in weight and have low prices. Using aluminum or aluminum alloy to make the shielding inner shell 4 can achieve a good shielding effect and prevent the electromagnetic radiation from the connection terminal 7 and the electrical connection frame 2 from affecting other equipment.

Crimping is a production process in which after assembling the shielding inner shell 4 and the protective shell 5, a crimping machine is used to stamp the two into one body. The advantage of crimping is mass production. By using an automatic crimping machine, products of stable quality can be manufactured quickly and in large quantities.

The welding or crimping method is basically the same as the welding method of the connection terminal 7 and the electrical connection frame 2 and will not be described again.

In some embodiments, the transfer impedance of the protective case 5 is less than 100 mΩ. Shielding materials usually use transfer impedance to characterize the shielding effect of the protective case 5. The smaller the transfer impedance, the better the shielding effect. The transfer impedance of the protective shell 5 is defined as the ratio of the differential mode voltage U induced by the shield per unit length to the current Is passing through the surface of the shield, that is:

Z _T =U/I _S , so it can be understood that the transfer impedance of the protective case 5 converts the current of the protective case 5 into differential mode interference. The smaller the transfer impedance, the better, that is, the differential mode interference conversion is reduced, and better shielding performance can be obtained.

In order to verify the impact of protective shells 5 with different transfer impedance values on the shielding effect, the inventor selected the same specifications of electrical connection skeletons 2, connectors and connection terminals 7, and used protective shells 5 with different transfer impedance values to produce a series of samples. parts, and the shielding effect was tested respectively. The experimental results are shown in Table 3 below. In this embodiment, a shielding performance value greater than 40dB is an ideal value.

The shielding performance value test method is: the test instrument outputs a signal value to the electrical connection skeleton 2 (this value is the test value 2), a detection device is set outside the electrical connection skeleton 2, and the detection device detects a signal value (this value is the test value 2) value 1). Shielding performance value = test value 2 - test value 1.

Table 3: Effect of transfer impedance of protective case 5 on shielding performance

As can be seen from Table 3 above, when the transfer impedance value of the protective case 5 is greater than 100mΩ, the shielding performance value of the protective case 5 is less than 40dB, which does not meet the ideal value requirements. When the transfer impedance value of the protective case 5 is less than 100mΩ, the protection The shielding performance values of the shell 5 all meet the ideal value requirements, and the trend is getting better and better. Therefore, the inventor sets the transfer impedance of the protective shell 5 to be less than 100mΩ.

In some embodiments, the transfer impedance of the shielded inner shell 4 is less than 100 mΩ. To verify the different transfer impedances To determine the impact of the shielding inner shell 4 on the shielding effect, the inventor selected the same specifications of the electrical connection skeleton 2, connectors and connection terminals 7, and used the shielding inner shell 4 with different transfer impedance values to produce a series of samples, respectively. The shielding effect was tested, and the experimental results are shown in Table 4 below. In this embodiment, a shielding performance value greater than 40dB is an ideal value.

The shielding performance value test method is: the test instrument outputs a signal value to the electrical connection skeleton 2 (this value is the test value 2), a detection device is set outside the shielding inner shell 4, and the detection device detects a signal value (this value is the test value 2) value 1). Shielding performance value = test value 2 - test value 1.

Table 4: Effect of transfer impedance of shielding inner shell 4 on shielding performance

As can be seen from Table 4 above, when the transfer impedance value of the shielded inner shell 4 is greater than 100mΩ, the shielding performance value of the shielded inner shell 4 is less than 40dB, which does not meet the ideal value requirements, while the transfer impedance value of the shielded inner shell 4 is less than 100mΩ , the shielding performance values of the shielding inner shell 4 all meet the ideal value requirements, and the trend is getting better and better. Therefore, the inventor sets the transfer impedance of the shielding inner shell 4 to be less than 100mΩ.

In some embodiments, the thickness of the protective shell 5 accounts for 1%-15% of the outer diameter of the electrical connection skeleton 2 . If the thickness of the protective shell 5 is too small, the conductivity is insufficient and the shielding effect cannot meet the requirements. If the thickness of the protective shell 5 is too large, material will be wasted and the weight of the vehicle body will be increased. In order to demonstrate the impact of different ratios of the protective shell 5 to the outer diameter of the electrical connection skeleton 2 on the conductivity of the protective shell 5, the inventor used materials of different thicknesses and the same material to make protective shell 5 samples, and tested the conductivity respectively. The results are shown in Table 5. In this embodiment, the conductivity of the protective shell 5 is greater than or equal to 99%, which is an ideal value.

Table 5: The impact of different ratios of the thickness of the protective shell 5 to the outer diameter of the electrical connection frame 2 on the conductivity of the protective shell 5

It can be seen from Table 5 that when the protective shell 5 accounts for less than 1% of the outer diameter of the electrical connection skeleton 2, the conductivity of the protective shell 5 is less than 99%, which is unqualified. When the protective shell 5 accounts for the electrical connection skeleton 2 If the ratio of the outer diameter is greater than 15%, the conductivity has not increased significantly, and the shielding effect will not be further enhanced, and a thicker protective shell 5 will increase the cost and weight of the vehicle body. Therefore, the inventor prefers the thickness of the protective shell 5 Accounting for 1%-15% of the outer diameter of the electrical connection skeleton 2 .

In some embodiments, the outer diameter of the cavity 6 is 1.02 times to 1.3 times the outer diameter of the electrical connection skeleton 2 . The outer diameter of the cavity 6 is too small, and the space for placing the cooling medium is insufficient, so the cooling efficiency is insufficient. In order to find a suitable relationship between the outer diameter of the cavity 6 and the outer diameter of the electrical connection skeleton 2, the inventor conducted relevant tests. The test method is: Select the same electrical connection frame 2 and cavities 6 with different outer diameters, fill them with the same cooling medium, and measure the temperature rise after energizing the electrical connection frame 2. A temperature rise less than 50K is considered a qualified value. The results are shown in Table 6.

Table 6: Effect of the ratio of the outer diameter of cavity 6 to the outer diameter of electrical connection frame 2 on the temperature rise of the electrical connection frame

As can be seen from Table 6 above, when the ratio of the outer diameter of the cavity 6 to the outer diameter of the electrical connection frame 2 is less than 1.02, the temperature rise of the electrical connection frame 2 is greater than 50K, which is considered unqualified. When the ratio of the outer diameter to the outer diameter of the electrical connection frame 2 is greater than 1.3, the temperature rise of the electrical connection frame 2 will not change significantly, and a thicker cavity 6 will increase the cost and weight of the vehicle body, so the inventor prefers cooling the cavity 6 The outer diameter is 1.02 times to 1.3 times the outer diameter of the electrical connection skeleton 2 .

In some embodiments, the cooling rate of the electrical connection skeleton 2 by the cooling medium is 0.04K/s-9.8K/s. In order to verify the influence of the cooling rate of the cooling medium on the temperature rise of the electrical connection skeleton 2, the inventor selected 10 electrical connection skeletons 2 with the same cross-sectional area, the same material, and the same length, and passed the same current, using cooling media with different cooling rates. , cool the electrical connection skeleton 2, and read the temperature rise value of each electrical connection skeleton 2, and record it in Table 7.

The experimental method is to conduct the same current through the electrical connection skeleton 2 using cooling media with different cooling rates in a closed environment, record the temperature before power on and the temperature after power on when the temperature is stable, and take the absolute value of the difference. In this embodiment, a temperature rise of less than 50K is considered a qualified value.

Table 7: Effects of cooling media with different cooling rates on the temperature rise of the electrical connection skeleton 2

As can be seen from Table 7 above, when the cooling rate of the cooling medium is less than 0.04K/s, the temperature rise value of the electrical connection frame 2 is unqualified. The greater the cooling rate of the cooling medium, the smaller the temperature rise value of the electrical connection frame 2. However, when the cooling rate of the cooling medium is greater than 9.8K/s, the temperature rise of the electrical connection skeleton 2 does not decrease significantly, and a higher cooling rate means higher prices and more complex processes. Therefore, the inventor uses the cooling medium The cooling rate is set to 0.04K/s-9.8K/s.

In some embodiments, the cooling medium is thermally conductive tape, thermally conductive insulating elastic rubber, flexible thermally conductive pad, thermally conductive filler and thermally conductive insulating potting glue. The connector assembly with a solid cooling medium can reduce the failure of the electrical connection frame 2 and the connection terminal 7 due to high temperatures caused by energization, reduce the diameter of the electrical connection frame 2, extend the service life of the connector 1, and improve the safety of the entire vehicle.

Thermal conductive tape uses high thermal conductive rubber as the thermal conductive base material, and is backed by pressure-sensitive thermal conductive adhesive on one or both sides. It has reliable bonding and high strength. Thermal conductive tape is thin and flexible, making it easy to fit the surface of the device and heat sink. Thermal conductive tape can also adapt to changes in cold and hot temperatures to ensure consistent and stable performance.

Thermal conductive insulating elastic rubber uses silicone rubber as the base material, and ceramic particles such as boron nitride and alumina are used as fillers. The thermal conductivity effect is very good. Under the same conditions, the thermal resistance is smaller than other thermally conductive materials. It is soft, clean, non-polluting and radioactive, and has the characteristics of high insulation. Glass fiber reinforcement provides good mechanical properties and can be puncture-resistant, shear-resistant, and tear-resistant. It can be equipped with thermally conductive pressure-sensitive adhesive.

Flexible thermal pad is a thick thermal conductive material. The base materials currently used are basically silicone rubber and foam rubber. Silicone rubber is characterized by good elasticity, and foam rubber is characterized by a large deformation range and good thermal conductivity. Higher voltage rating.

Thermal conductive fillers are fillers added to the matrix material to increase the thermal conductivity of the material. Commonly used thermal conductive fillers include alumina, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, silicon carbide, etc.

Thermal conductive potting glue is an electronic glue made of silicone rubber as the main raw material. It has excellent high and low temperature resistance and can maintain elasticity in the temperature range of -60 degrees to 200 degrees. It can be used after potting. Increase the waterproof and earthquake-resistant functions of electronic equipment to ensure the application reliability of electronic equipment.

In some embodiments, the impedance between the protective shell 5 and the shielded inner shell 4 is less than 80 mΩ.

The impedance between the protective shell 5 and the shielded inner shell 4 should be as small as possible, so that the current generated by the shielded inner shell 4 will flow back to the energy source or grounding position unimpeded. If the resistance between the protective shell 5 and the shielded inner shell 4 If the impedance is large, a large current will be generated between the protective shell 5 and the shielded inner shell 4, resulting in large radiation at the cable connection.

In order to verify the influence of the impedance value between the protective shell 5 and the shielding inner shell 4 on the shielding effect, the inventor chose the same specifications of the electrical connection skeleton 2, connectors, and connection terminals 7, and selected different protective shells 5 and shielding inner shells. With impedances between 4, a series of samples were produced to test the shielding effect respectively. The experimental results are shown in Table 8 below. In this embodiment, a shielding performance value greater than 40dB is an ideal value.

The shielding performance value test method is: the test instrument outputs a signal value to the electrical connection skeleton 2 (this value is the test value 2), a detection device is set outside the electrical connection skeleton 2, and the detection device detects a signal value (this value is Test value 1). Shielding performance value = test value 2 – test value 1.

Table 8: Effect of the impedance between the protective shell 5 and the shielded inner shell 4 on the shielding performance

It can be seen from Table 8 that when the impedance value between the protective shell 5 and the shielding inner shell 4 is greater than 80mΩ, the shielding performance value is less than 40dB, which does not meet the ideal value requirements, while the impedance between the protective shell 5 and the shielding inner shell 4 When the value is less than 80mΩ, the shielding performance values all meet the ideal value requirements, and the trend is getting better and better. Therefore, the inventor sets the impedance between the protective shell 5 and the shielding inner shell 4 to be less than 80mΩ.

In some embodiments, one of the connectors 1 is a charging dock. Both ends of the electrical connection frame 2 are respectively connected to a connector. In some cases, one of the connectors (for example, the first connector 11 ) can be a charging base, and the electrical connection frame 2 is used as a connector at the other end (for example, the first connector 11 ). Second connector 12) for charging.

The present invention also provides a vehicle including a connector assembly with a solid cooling medium as described above.

Although some specific embodiments of the invention have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art will understand that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments can be modified without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (29)

1. A connector assembly with a solid cooling medium, including at least one electrical connection frame and a connector, characterized in that the connector contains connection terminals, and both ends of the electrical connection frame are electrically connected to the connection terminals, The electrical connection skeleton has a hollow inner cavity. The outer periphery of the electrical connection skeleton is sleeved with a protective shell with shielding effect. A cavity is formed between the outer periphery of the electrical connection skeleton and the inner wall of the protective shell with shielding effect. The hollow The inner cavity and the cavity are at least partially filled with solid or semi-solid cooling medium.
2. The connector assembly with a solid cooling medium according to claim 1, wherein the material of the electrical connection frame contains a rigid hollow conductor material.
3. The connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular cross-sectional area of the electrical connection skeleton is 0.33mm ² -240mm ² .
4. The connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to claim 1, wherein the electrical connection frame is electrically connected to the connection terminal by welding or crimping.
5. The connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to claim 1, wherein the protective shell material contains a rigid conductive material.
6. The connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to claim 5, wherein the protective shell is made of metal or conductive plastic.
7. The connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to claim 1, wherein the connector further includes a shielding inner shell, and the shielding inner shell is made of a conductive material.
8. The connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to claim 7, wherein the shielding inner shell is made of metal or conductive plastic.
9. The connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to claim 6 or 8, wherein the conductive plastic is a polymer material containing conductive particles, and the conductive particles are made of metal, conductive ceramics, and carbon-containing conductors. , solid electrolyte, one or more mixed conductors; the material of the polymer material contains tetrastyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polyamide, polytetrafluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene/hexafluoropropylene copolymer, Ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyurethane, polyterephthalic acid, polyurethane elastomer, styrene block copolymer, perfluoroalkoxyalkane, chlorinated polyethylene, polyphenylene Based sulfide, polystyrene, cross-linked polyolefin, ethylene-propylene rubber, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer, chloroprene rubber, natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber, silicone rubber, butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, Ethylene propylene rubber, chloroprene rubber, butyl rubber, fluorine rubber, polyurethane rubber, polyacrylate rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, chloroether rubber, chlorinated polyethylene rubber, chlorosulfur rubber, styrene butadiene rubber , butadiene rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, polysulfide rubber, cross-linked polyethylene, polycarbonate, polysulfone, polyphenylene ether, polyester, phenol One or more of aldehyde resin, urea-formaldehyde, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, polymethacrylate, and polyoxymethylene resin.
10. The connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to claim 9, characterized in that the metal material contains nickel, cadmium, zirconium, chromium, cobalt, manganese, aluminum, tin, titanium, zinc, copper, silver , gold, phosphorus, tellurium, beryllium, one or more of them.
11. The connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to claim 9, wherein the carbon-containing conductor contains one of graphite powder, carbon nanotube material, graphene material, graphite silver or graphene silver, or Various.
12. The connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to claim 7, wherein the protective shell is electrically connected to the shielded inner shell by crimping or welding.
13. The connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to claim 12, wherein the impedance between the protective shell and the shielded inner shell is less than 80 mΩ.
14. The connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to claim 1, wherein the transfer impedance of the protective shell is less than 100 mΩ.
15. The connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to claim 7, wherein the transfer impedance of the shielded inner shell is less than 100 mΩ.
16. The connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the protective shell accounts for 1%-15% of the outer diameter of the protective shell.
17. The connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of the cavity is 1.02 times to 1.3 times the outer diameter of the electrical connection frame.
18. The connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to claim 1, wherein the cooling rate of the cooling medium on the electrical connection skeleton is 0.04K/s-9.8K/s.
19. The connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to claim 1, wherein the cooling medium is thermally conductive tape, thermally conductive insulating elastic rubber, flexible thermally conductive pad, thermally conductive filler and thermally conductive insulating potting glue.
20. The connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to claim 19, characterized in that the cooling medium is provided by injection molding, extrusion molding, dip molding, foaming, winding, weaving, pouring, filling or wrapping. on the outer periphery of the electrical connection skeleton.
21. The connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling medium contains quartz glass, silicon carbide, mica, sandstone, diamond, silicon, graphene and derivatives or silicone grease one or more of them.
22. The connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to claim 1, characterized in that, the middle The volume of the cooling medium in the hollow inner cavity accounts for more than 1.1% of the volume of the hollow inner cavity.
23. The connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to claim 1, wherein the volume of the cooling medium in the cavity accounts for more than 1.1% of the volume of the cavity.
24. The connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to claim 1, wherein the cooling medium is distributed unevenly in the hollow inner cavity or the cavity.
25. The connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to claim 1, wherein one of the connectors is a charging stand.
26. The connector assembly with a solid cooling medium according to claim 1, wherein a partial area of the electrical connection skeleton is flexible.
27. The connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to claim 1, wherein the electrical connection frame includes at least one bending portion.
28. The connector assembly with solid cooling medium according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the electrical connection skeleton is circular, elliptical, rectangular, polygonal, A-shaped, B-shaped, D-shaped, M-shaped Shape, P shape, N shape, O shape, S shape, E shape, F shape, H shape, K shape, L shape, T shape, U shape, V shape, W shape, X shape, Y shape, Z shape, One or more of semi-arc, arc, and wave shapes.
29. A vehicle, characterized by comprising the connector assembly with a solid cooling medium as claimed in any one of claims 1-28.