WO2023173797A1

WO2023173797A1 - Sliding-form construction system and method for spraying concrete in tbm tunnel

Info

Publication number: WO2023173797A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/133513
Authority: WO
Inventors: 姜守国; 祁雪春; 刘志华; 王宗敏; 欧阳松; 蔡忠伟; 张秋; 赵东波; 蒋亚东; 周泽沛; 杨慧星; 杨元红; 金长文; 李雷
Original assignee: 中国水利电力对外有限公司; 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司; 中国水利水电第十四工程局有限公司
Priority date: 2022-03-16
Filing date: 2022-11-22
Publication date: 2023-09-21
Also published as: CN114575889A

Abstract

Disclosed is a sliding-form construction system for spraying concrete in a TBM tunnel. The system comprises a supporting system (1), which is used for supporting and carrying an overall system, wherein a translation system (4) for driving a formwork system (2) to move in a tunneling direction of a tunnel is carried on a concrete spraying vehicle connecting bridge (101) of the supporting system; a rotary sliding system (3) for driving the formwork system to slide in a circumferential direction of the tunnel is supported and mounted on the translation system; a liftable demolding system (6) for supporting and demolding the formwork system is fixedly mounted on the rotary sliding system; the formwork system is mounted at the top end of the liftable demolding system; and a concrete spraying system (5) for spraying concrete is carried on the concrete spraying vehicle connecting bridge. Further disclosed is a method for performing concrete spraying construction in a tunnel by using the sliding-form construction system for spraying concrete in a TBM tunnel. By means of the method, the aims of improving an operation environment, improving the supporting efficiency, enhancing the supporting effect, improving the supporting quality, reducing the engineering costs, facilitating parallel operations, reducing cleaning work and matching the TBM excavation efficiency can be achieved.

Description

Sliding form construction system and method for concrete injection in TBM tunnel

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of sprayed concrete support for engineering tunnels, and in particular relates to a sliding form construction system and method for concrete spraying in TBM tunnels.

Background technique

At present, open TBM tunnels generally adopt support methods such as steel supports, steel bar rows, anchors, steel mesh, and shotcrete, and shotcrete is an important part of its support. With the advancement of technology, it is usually completed by relying on the shotcrete manipulator mounted on the TBM equipment. Although the technology is very mature and the degree of mechanization is very high, there are also some problems that cannot be ignored in practice, which have always troubled technical workers. Mainly manifested in:

1. Large amounts of dust appear during spray concrete operations, and the working environment is poor; even if advanced wet spray equipment is used, it is difficult to achieve substantial improvements, seriously threatening occupational health.

2. During spray concrete operations, the concrete rebound rate is too high, generally reaching more than 30%, especially in vaults, water seepage, broken surrounding rocks and other places where the concrete rebound rate is even higher, which wastes more concrete materials. While increasing the project cost, it also increases the clean-up workload, which is not conducive to civilized construction management.

3. The efficiency of shotcrete operation does not exactly match the excavation speed of TBM. When the thickness of shotcrete is large, it needs to be implemented in multiple layers to achieve the designed thickness, which takes up a lot of process time and restricts the efficiency of TBM. It will have a certain impact on the construction progress.

4. Uneven thickness of shotcrete, difficulty in reaching strength standards, uneven surface, and unstable quality are common quality problems in shotcrete operations. In serious cases, they threaten the safe use of tunnels.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the traditional shotcrete support technology, the present invention provides a sliding form construction system and method for concrete spraying of TBM tunnels. This system combines the reality that the excavation speed of the open TBM tunnel does not match the support speed very well, and draws on the form spraying method. Concrete and tunnel slip form technology is designed to provide a set of circumferential sliding formwork, which is mounted on the open TBM equipment and organically combined with the TBM's own shotcrete system to realize the slip form shotcrete function and make up for the shortcomings of the existing technology. , thereby achieving the purpose of improving the working environment, increasing support efficiency, enhancing support effects, improving support quality, saving project costs, facilitating parallel operations, reducing clean-up work, conducive to civilized construction, and matching TBM excavation efficiency.

In order to achieve the above technical characteristics, the purpose of the present invention is achieved as follows: a sliding form construction system for TBM tunnel concrete injection, including a support system;

The concrete spray truck connecting bridge of the support system is equipped with a translation system for driving the formwork system to move along the direction of tunnel excavation;

The translation system is supported and installed with a rotary sliding system for driving the formwork system to slide circumferentially along the tunnel;

The rotating sliding system is fixedly installed with a lifting and demoulding system for supporting and demoulding the formwork system;

The top of the lifting demoulding system is equipped with a formwork system;

The concrete spraying truck connecting bridge is equipped with a concrete spraying system for spraying concrete.

The support system includes a TBM body, which is equipped with a concrete spray truck connecting bridge inside the TBM body; the TBM body is rollingly supported on the TBM track through a track wheel device.

The translation system includes a rack, which is fixed on the connecting bridge of the concrete spray truck supporting the system; the rack is engaged with the first gear for transmission, and the first gear is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the first hydraulic motor. On the machine, the first hydraulic motor is fixedly installed on the rotary sliding system, and a linear slide rail is installed on the connecting bridge of the concrete spraying truck. The linear slide rail forms a sliding fit with the sliding seat on the rotary sliding system.

The rotary sliding system includes an annular beam, which is slidably supported on the concrete spray truck connecting bridge of the support system through a sliding seat; a ring gear is installed on the annular beam, and the ring gear is connected to the output of the second hydraulic motor. The second gear meshing transmission on the shaft, the second hydraulic motor is fixedly installed on the rotating frame, and the rotating frame forms a sliding fit with the annular slide rail fixed on the annular beam; the rotating frame is equipped with a lifting and demoulding system .

There are two groups of rotating frames, which are relatively independently arranged on the annular beam.

The lifting and demoulding system includes a telescopic oil cylinder fixed on the rotating frame of the rotary sliding system. The output shaft of the telescopic oil cylinder is equipped with a guide rod. The guide rod is equipped with a compression spring; the template system is fixed on the guide rod. The top of the rod.

The formwork system includes an arc-shaped formwork installed at the end of a guide rod of the lifting and demoulding system, and an end flexible formwork is provided at the end of the arc-shaped formwork.

The concrete spraying system includes a manipulator bracket mounted on a rotating sliding system. A manipulator is fixed on the manipulator bracket, and a concrete spray nozzle is mounted on the end of the manipulator.

The method of tunnel concrete spraying construction using the TBM tunnel concrete spraying slip form construction system includes the following steps:

Step 1: Production of sliding form construction system:

According to the structure of the entire slipform construction system, if an existing TBM is used for addition or modification, and the implementation is entrusted to a professional manufacturer, it must match the TBM's concrete spraying system. If it is manufactured simultaneously with the TBM, it must be closely integrated with the shotcrete system. Consider common ring beams and rotating frames to achieve integration of slip form and shotcrete;

Step 2: Installation of sliding form construction system:

Combine and install the system components of the prepared sliding form construction system with the TBM. After the installation is completed, whether it is modified, added, or carried directly, it must be installed and debugged by a professional manufacturer, and it must match the functions of the TBM and the shotcrete manipulator;

Step three, spray concrete construction:

The concrete spraying machine is used to drive the concrete spray nozzle through the manipulator to spray concrete into the gap between the arc formwork and the excavated rock surface. The process strictly follows the layering and step-by-step spraying of the formwork, and then the formwork system is rotated while the formwork is filled. The process of spray concrete strictly follows the principles of layered uniform spraying and synchronous sliding; in this way, the concrete spraying construction is completed from bottom to top in a circular and gradual manner; when the construction reaches the vault capping position, considering the convenience of construction, spray concrete is directly used block; block;

Step 4: Rotation and sliding of the formwork system:

The initial sliding of the formwork system should be carried out slowly. During this process, the rotating sliding system, formwork system and related facilities should be fully inspected under load. Problems should be found and dealt with in a timely manner. Normal sliding can only be carried out after everything is normal. rise; the speed of the arch sections on both sides gradually slows down as the formwork system of the sliding form slides up, especially after it slides into the waist and the vault section, its speed should be strictly controlled, and continuous operation should be maintained as much as possible. Special personnel must observe the lifting. The surface quality of the molded concrete is used to determine the appropriate sliding time and speed, which need to be determined based on comprehensive tests of concrete characteristics, feeding speed, ambient temperature, and demoulding strength;

Step 5: Defect elimination and curing of concrete:

After the concrete is demoulded, the insufficient flatness of the concrete surface, insufficient top capping, and misalignment between cycles should be eliminated in a timely manner. In order to ensure the quality of the concrete, water spray is used to promptly maintain the shotcrete after demoulding;

Step 6: Decentralization and translation of the template system;

When the formwork system slides to the top of the vault and is sealed and has demoulding strength, start the telescopic cylinder of the lifting and demoulding system to separate the formwork system from the concrete; then start the rotation and sliding system to rotate the formwork system to both sides. Then start the translation system and move forward to the next warehouse number; in this order, the tunnel concrete support construction is gradually completed.

During the shotcrete construction process in Step 3, there are strict requirements on the water-cement ratio, slump and accelerator properties of the concrete. Appropriate concrete indicators must be selected through rigorous experiments before the process is implemented to meet the requirements of concrete transportation and spraying into the concrete. Warehouse, sliding and demoulding requirements;

During the slip form construction process, concrete is directly sprayed into the space between the formwork and the excavated rock surface, achieving continuous operations of spraying concrete, sliding the formwork, demoulding, and maintenance at the same time;

When the equipment, materials and personnel are in place, the two sets of formwork systems on both sides of the tunnel are put in place, the end sealing is completed, and the spray concrete is started. The spray concrete starts from 270 degrees on both sides of the tunnel. Start; usually one concrete spraying system can be used to spray alternately from both sides of the tunnel. When the project volume is large and the strength requirements are high, two concrete spraying systems can be used to simultaneously spray from both sides of the tunnel; spraying concrete must be from bottom to top. It is carried out in layers. The first injection must be sprayed and filled in layers, and then the concrete is poured while sliding up 300mm. The concrete is squeezed onto the rock surface by rotating and sliding, so that a cycle of spraying is gradually completed from bottom to top. For concrete work, after demoulding, it is moved to the next warehouse number through the translation system. Only after this is completed step by step can the sliding form spray concrete work be continued.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The present invention designs a set of circumferential sliding formwork, mounts it on the open TBM equipment, and organically combines it with its shotcrete system to directly spray or spray concrete into the space between the formwork and the excavated rock surface. The distance between the surface and the formwork is the thickness of the support. Power equipment is relied on to make the formwork slide circumferentially, and concrete is sprayed while sliding to achieve rapid and timely support, thereby improving the working environment, improving support efficiency, and enhancing the support effect. , improve the quality of support, save project costs, facilitate parallel operations, reduce clean-up work, facilitate civilized construction, and match the efficiency of TBM excavation.

2. The invention has a simple structure, fully automatic control, and is easy to operate; after each cycle of construction is completed, it can be transferred to the next warehouse in a faster time.

3. The present invention uses a manipulator to directly spray concrete into the formwork. The concrete can be fully utilized with almost no rebound, which greatly saves concrete costs, effectively controls dust, improves the working environment, reduces cleaning work, and is conducive to civilized construction.

4. The present invention can spray enough designed thickness at one time, the inner quality of the concrete is dense, the thickness and strength are reliable, the surface is smooth, and the quality is guaranteed.

5. The invention has a fast construction speed, can effectively improve the TBM efficiency, and matches the excavation efficiency, which is beneficial to improving the tunnel construction speed.

Description of the drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

Figure 1 is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a view A-A in Figure 1 of the present invention.

Figure 3 is an enlarged view of part B in Figure 1 of the present invention.

Figure 4 is an enlarged view of part C in Figure 2 of the present invention.

In the picture: support system 1, formwork system 2, rotation and sliding system 3, translation system 4, concrete injection system 5, lifting and demoulding system 6, tunnel 7, sprayed concrete section 8, excavated rock surface 9, spray concrete 10, Vault cap position 11;

Spray concrete truck connecting bridge 101, TBM body 102, TBM track 103, track wheel device 104;

Arc template 201, end flexible template 202;

Annular beam 301, rotating frame 302, second hydraulic motor 303, second gear 304, ring gear 305, sliding seat 306, annular slide rail 307;

Linear slide rail 401, rack 402, first gear 403, first hydraulic motor 404;

Concrete spray nozzle 501, manipulator 502, manipulator bracket 503;

Telescopic cylinder 601, compression spring 602, guide rod 603.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

Referring to Figure 1-4, the sliding form construction system for TBM tunnel concrete spraying includes a support system 1; the concrete spray truck connecting bridge 101 of the support system 1 is equipped with a translation system for driving the formwork system 2 to move along the tunnel excavation direction. 4; The translation system 4 is supported and installed with a rotary sliding system 3 for driving the formwork system 2 to slide circumferentially along the tunnel; the rotary sliding system 3 is fixedly installed with a rotary sliding system 3 for supporting and stripping the formwork system 2 Lifting and demoulding system 6; the top of the lifting and demoulding system 6 is equipped with a formwork system 2; the concrete spraying truck connecting bridge 101 is equipped with a concrete spraying system 5 for spraying concrete. By using the above-mentioned construction system, it is mounted on the open TBM equipment and organically combined with its shotcrete system to directly spray or spray concrete into the space between the formwork and the excavated rock surface, between the rock surface and the formwork The distance is the thickness of the support. Power equipment is relied on to make the formwork slide circumferentially, while sliding and spraying concrete, to achieve rapid and timely support, thereby improving the working environment, improving support efficiency, enhancing the support effect, and improving the quality of the support. , save project costs, facilitate parallel operations, reduce cleaning work, facilitate civilized construction, and match the efficiency of TBM excavation.

Further, the support system 1 includes a TBM body 102, which is equipped with a concrete spray truck connecting bridge 101 inside the TBM body 102; the TBM body 102 is rollingly supported on the TBM track 103 through the track wheel device 104.

The support system 1 is the skeleton of the sliding form device, and is also the support structure of the formwork, rotation, sliding, translation, lifting, and demoulding systems. It mainly uses the TBM shotcrete spraying truck connecting bridge 101 as a support.

Further, the translation system 4 includes a rack 402, which is fixed on the concrete spray truck connecting bridge 101 of the support system 1; the rack 402 is engaged with the first gear 403 for transmission, and the first gear 403 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the first hydraulic motor 404. The first hydraulic motor 404 is fixedly installed on the rotating sliding system 3. A linear slide rail 401 is installed on the connecting bridge 101 of the concrete spraying truck. The rail 401 forms a sliding fit with the sliding seat 306 on the rotating sliding system 3 . The translation system 4 is a device that moves the formwork back and forth along the axis of the tunnel. It is installed on the connecting bridge 101 of the shotcrete truck. It can use the translation rack of the shotcrete manipulator to complete the rotation of the rotating frame through the hydraulic motor, reducer drive, and gear rack transmission. Move forward and backward to realize the positioning and walking of the concrete spraying position in the direction of the tunnel axis. Its walking speed matches the concrete spraying manipulator, and the driving force needs to be calculated.

Further, the structure of the rotary sliding system 3 is the same as the rotary sliding system of the shotcrete manipulator inside the TBM; the rotary sliding system 3 includes an annular beam 301, and the annular beam 301 is slidably supported on the support system through a sliding seat 306. 1 on the concrete spray truck connecting bridge 101; a ring gear 305 is installed on the annular beam 301, the ring gear 305 meshes with the second gear 304 on the output shaft of the second hydraulic motor 303, and the second hydraulic motor 303 is fixedly installed on the rotating frame 302, which forms a sliding fit with the annular slide rail 307 fixed on the annular beam 301 through a slider; the rotating frame 302 is equipped with a lifting and demoulding system 6. The above-mentioned rotary sliding system 3 is the key to the circular rotation of the formwork. The ring beam 301 and the ring gear are stereotyped products that can be customized according to the characteristics of the tunnel and can refer to the ring beam form of the shotcrete manipulator. The ring gear is fixed on the ring beam 301; The template is fixed on the rotating frame 302, and the rotating trolley provides power for the circular sliding of the template, and its gear matches the ring gear; the rotating trolley drives the rotating frame 302 to be driven by the hydraulic motor and reducer, and the gear ring gear rotates circularly along the annular beam. , realizing the function of sliding and spraying concrete at the same time. Its rotation speed matches the speed of shotcrete, and the rotation moment needs to be selected through calculation. During calculation, sliding friction and concrete side pressure must be taken into consideration, and its safety factor must be fully considered.

Further, there are two groups of rotating frames 302, which are relatively independently arranged on the annular beam 301. By using two groups, the construction efficiency is improved to a certain extent.

Further, the lifting and demoulding system 6 includes a telescopic oil cylinder 601 fixed on the rotating frame 302 of the rotary sliding system 3. The output shaft of the telescopic oil cylinder 601 is equipped with a guide rod 603, and a pressing rod is installed on the guide rod 603. Tight spring 602; the template system 2 is fixed on the top of the guide rod 603. After the vault concrete is sealed and strengthened, it can be demoulded; demoulding is achieved by a hydraulic telescopic cylinder. The stroke and maximum thrust of the telescopic cylinder take into account factors such as concrete side pressure and friction. The telescopic cylinder is installed between the sliding frame and the formwork, and is equipped with a guide device and a spring to adapt to changes in the sliding formwork conditions.

The sliding mold device uses front and rear walking devices, circumferential rotating devices, and sliding mold lifting devices to position, move, slide, and demold, thereby realizing the sliding mold function. Concrete nozzles are provided at the front, rear and circumferential directions of the sliding form, and the position of the nozzles can be adjusted according to the spray mixing effect. If necessary, overlapping slip forms and overlapping brackets can be installed to increase the size of the formwork.

Further, the template system 2 includes an arc-shaped template 201 installed at the end of the guide rod 603 of the lifting and demoulding system 6. The end of the arc-shaped template 201 is provided with an end flexible template 202. The formwork system 2 is a mold formed by shotcrete, which can be processed into an arc shape with steel plates according to the characteristics of the supporting section, and reinforced with shaped steel to ensure sufficient strength and stiffness. The arc width of the formwork takes into account the initial setting time of concrete, sliding speed, demoulding strength and other factors, and is generally about 1 meter; the length of the formwork takes into account factors such as steel support spacing, TBM cycle progress, support speed, etc., and is generally 3 meters. Left and right are appropriate. In order to increase the practicality of the formwork, folding pages can be installed at the rear and lower parts of the formwork with a width of 300-500mm. The length and width of the formwork can be appropriately increased to adapt to changes in relevant conditions during the support process. At the same time, an adjustable end flexible formwork is set at the front end of the formwork to adapt to changes in the supporting thickness of different surrounding rock to facilitate end sealing. The formwork is divided into left and right pieces, which are fixed on the rotating frame and can slide synchronously or individually along the ring beam.

Further, the concrete spraying system 5 includes a manipulator bracket 503 mounted on the rotary sliding system 3. A manipulator 502 is fixed on the manipulator bracket 503, and a concrete spraying nozzle 501 is mounted on the end of the manipulator 502. There are three key points in the construction process of slip-form shotcrete support: First, there are strict requirements on the characteristics of concrete: water-cement ratio, slump, especially the quick-setting agent. The appropriate concrete must be selected through rigorous experiments before the process is implemented. Indicators to meet the requirements of concrete transportation, spraying into warehousing, sliding, demoulding, etc.; secondly, the performance requirements of sprayed concrete equipment are strict, and high-performance concrete spraying equipment must be selected to improve construction efficiency; thirdly, the quality of operating technical workers The requirements are strict and skilled workers with multiple specialties must be selected to ensure the effective implementation of the process.

Example 2:

Step 1: Production of sliding form construction system:

According to the structure of the entire slipform construction system, if an existing TBM is used for addition or modification, and a professional manufacturer is entrusted to implement it, it must match the TBM's concrete spraying system 5. If it is manufactured simultaneously with the TBM, it must be closely integrated with the shotcrete system. , consider the common ring beam and rotating frame to realize the integration of sliding form and shotcrete;

Step 2: Installation of sliding form construction system:

Step three, spray concrete construction:

The concrete spraying machine is used to drive the concrete spraying nozzle 501 through the manipulator 502 to spray concrete into the gap between the arc formwork 201 and the excavated rock surface 9. The process is strictly in accordance with the layering and step-by-step spraying of the formwork, and then the formwork is sprayed full. When spraying concrete 10 on both sides of the rotating formwork system, the process strictly follows the principles of layered uniform spraying and synchronous sliding; in this way, the concrete spraying construction is completed in a bottom-up, cyclical and progressive manner; when the construction reaches the vault capping position 11, consider The construction is convenient and can be sealed directly with sprayed concrete;

Step 4: Rotation and sliding of template system 2:

The initial sliding of the formwork system 2 should be carried out slowly, and during this process, the rotating sliding system 3, the formwork system 2 and related facilities should be fully inspected under load, and problems should be found and dealt with in a timely manner until everything is normal. Carry out normal sliding; the speed of the arch sections on both sides gradually slows down as the formwork system 2 of the sliding form slides up, especially after sliding into the waist and the vault section, its speed should be strictly controlled, and continuous operation should be maintained as much as possible. Have a dedicated person observe the surface quality of the demoulding concrete to determine the appropriate sliding time and speed. This needs to be determined based on comprehensive tests of concrete characteristics, feeding speed, ambient temperature, and demoulding strength;

Step 5: Defect elimination and curing of concrete:

Step 6: Decentralization and translation of template system 2;

When the formwork system 2 slides to the vault capping position 11 and the sealing is completed and the force has the demoulding strength, start the telescopic cylinder of the lifting and demoulding system 6 to separate the formwork system 2 from the concrete; then start the rotating sliding system 3 to move the formwork system 2 Rotate to both sides, then start the translation system 4 and move forward to the next warehouse number; in this order, the tunnel concrete support construction is gradually completed.

When the equipment, materials and personnel are in place, the two sets of formwork systems 2 on both sides of the tunnel are put in place, the end sealing is completed, and the spray concrete is started. The spray concrete is 270 meters from both sides of the tunnel. It starts from the position of the tunnel; usually, a shotcrete manipulator is used to spray the work alternately from both sides of the tunnel. When the project volume is large and the strength requirements are high, two manipulators are used to carry out the work simultaneously from both sides of the tunnel; the shotcrete must be shot from the bottom up. It is carried out in layers. The first spraying must be done in layers to spray and fill the formwork tightly. Then, the formwork is sprayed and poured while sliding up 300mm. The concrete is squeezed onto the rock surface by rotating and sliding, so that a cycle is gradually completed from bottom to top. For the spray concrete operation, after demoulding, the sliding form is moved to the next warehouse number through the translation system. Only after this step by step can the sliding form spray concrete operation be continued.

Claims

The sliding form construction system for TBM tunnel concrete spraying is characterized by: including a support system (1);

The concrete spray truck connecting bridge (101) of the support system (1) is equipped with a translation system (4) for driving the formwork system (2) to move along the tunnel excavation direction;

The translation system (4) is supported and installed with a rotation sliding system (3) for driving the formwork system (2) to slide along the circumferential direction of the tunnel;

A lifting and demoulding system (6) for supporting and demoulding the formwork system (2) is fixedly installed on the rotary sliding system (3);

The top of the lifting demoulding system (6) is equipped with a formwork system (2);

The concrete spraying truck connecting bridge (101) is equipped with a concrete spraying system (5) for spraying concrete.
The sliding form construction system for concrete spraying in TBM tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that the support system (1) includes a TBM body (102), and a concrete spraying vehicle connecting bridge is mounted inside the TBM body (102). (101); The TBM body (102) is rollingly supported on the TBM track (103) through the track wheel device (104).
The sliding form construction system for concrete spraying in TBM tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that the translation system (4) includes a rack (402), and the rack (402) is fixed on the spraying part of the support system (1). On the concrete truck connecting bridge (101); the rack (402) is engaged with the first gear (403) for transmission, and the first gear (403) is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the first hydraulic motor (404), so The first hydraulic motor (404) is fixedly installed on the rotary sliding system (3), and a linear slide rail (401) is installed on the connecting bridge (101) of the concrete spray truck. The linear slide rail (401) is connected with the rotary sliding system (3). The sliding seat (306) on the system (3) forms a sliding fit.
The sliding form construction system for TBM tunnel concrete spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotating sliding system (3) includes an annular beam (301), and the annular beam (301) slides through a sliding seat (306) Supported on the concrete spray truck connecting bridge (101) of the support system (1); a ring gear (305) is installed on the annular beam (301), and the ring gear (305) and the output of the second hydraulic motor (303) The second gear (304) on the shaft engages and drives, and the second hydraulic motor (303) is fixedly installed on the rotating frame (302). The rotating frame (302) is connected to an annular slide fixed on the annular beam (301). The rails (307) form a sliding fit; the rotating frame (302) is equipped with a lifting and demoulding system (6).
The sliding form construction system for TBM tunnel concrete injection according to claim 1, characterized in that the lifting and demoulding system (6) includes a telescopic oil cylinder (601) fixed on the rotating frame (302) of the rotating sliding system (3) ), the output shaft of the telescopic cylinder (601) is equipped with a guide rod (603), and a compression spring (602) is installed on the guide rod (603); the template system (2) is fixed on the guide rod (603) ) at the top.
The sliding form construction system for TBM tunnel concrete spraying according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that the formwork system (2) includes an arc formwork installed at the end of the guide rod (603) of the lifting demoulding system (6) (201), the end of the arc-shaped template (201) is provided with an end flexible template (202).
The sliding form construction system for concrete spraying in TBM tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that the concrete spraying system (5) includes a manipulator bracket (503) mounted on the rotating sliding system (3), and the manipulator bracket (503) A manipulator (502) is fixed on the machine 503), and the end of the manipulator (502) is equipped with a concrete spray nozzle (501).
The method for tunnel concrete spraying construction using the sliding form construction system for TBM tunnel concrete spraying according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is characterized in that it includes the following steps:

Step 1: Production of sliding form construction system:

According to the structure of the entire slipform construction system, if the existing TBM is used for addition or modification, and the implementation is entrusted to a professional manufacturer, it must match the TBM's concrete spraying system (5). If it is manufactured simultaneously with the TBM, it must be closely related to the shotcrete system. Combined, consider common ring beams and rotating frames to achieve integration of slip form and shotcrete;

Step 2: Installation of sliding form construction system:

Combine and install the system components of the prepared sliding form construction system with the TBM. After the installation is completed, whether it is modified, added, or carried directly, it must be installed and debugged by a professional manufacturer, and it must match the functions of the TBM and the shotcrete manipulator;

Step three, spray concrete construction:

The concrete spraying machine is used to drive the concrete spraying nozzle (501) through the manipulator (502) to spray concrete into the gap between the arc formwork (201) and the excavated rock surface (9). The process is strictly in accordance with the layering and step-by-step process. Spray the formwork completely, and then spray the concrete (10) while rotating the formwork system (2). The process strictly follows the principles of layered uniform spraying and synchronous sliding; in this way, the concrete spraying construction is completed in a bottom-up, cyclical and progressive manner; When the construction reaches the vault capping position (11), considering the convenience of construction, spray concrete is directly used for sealing;

Step 4: Rotation and sliding of the template system (2):

The initial sliding of the formwork system (2) should be carried out slowly, and during this process, the rotating sliding system (3), the formwork system (2) and related facilities should be fully inspected under load, and problems should be found and dealt with in a timely manner. , normal sliding can be carried out only after everything is normal; the speed of the arch sections on both sides gradually slows down as the sliding formwork formwork system (2) slides up, especially after sliding into the waist and the vault section, its speed should be strictly controlled , continuous operation should be maintained as much as possible, and a dedicated person must observe the surface quality of the demoulding concrete to determine the appropriate sliding time and speed. This needs to be determined based on comprehensive tests of concrete characteristics, feeding speed, ambient temperature, and demoulding strength;

Step 5: Defect elimination and curing of concrete:

After the concrete is demoulded, the insufficient flatness of the concrete surface, insufficient top capping, and misalignment between cycles should be eliminated in a timely manner. In order to ensure the quality of the concrete, water spray is used to promptly maintain the shotcrete after demoulding;

Step 6: Decentralization and translation of the template system (2);

When the formwork system (2) slides to the vault capping position (11) and the sealing is completed and the demoulding strength is obtained, start the telescopic cylinder (601) of the lifting and demoulding system (6) to make the formwork system (2) and the concrete disengage; then start the rotating and sliding system (3) to rotate the formwork system (2) to both sides, and then start the translation system (4) to move forward to the next warehouse number; in this order, the tunnel concrete support construction is gradually completed.
The method for tunnel concrete spraying construction according to the sliding form construction system of TBM tunnel concrete spraying according to claim 9, which is characterized by:

During the shotcrete construction process in Step 3, there are strict requirements on the water-cement ratio, slump and accelerator properties of the concrete. Appropriate concrete indicators must be selected through rigorous experiments before the process is implemented to meet the requirements of concrete transportation and spraying into the concrete. Warehouse, sliding and demoulding requirements;

During the slip form construction process, concrete is directly sprayed into the space between the formwork and the excavated rock surface, achieving continuous operations of spraying concrete, sliding the formwork, demoulding, and maintenance at the same time;

When the equipment, materials and personnel are in place, the two sets of formwork systems (2) on both sides of the tunnel are in place, the end sealing is completed, and the spray concrete is started. The spray concrete is installed from both sides of the tunnel. Start at the 270-degree position; usually one concrete spraying system (5) is used to spray alternately from both sides of the tunnel. When the project volume is large and the strength requirements are high, two concrete spraying systems (5) are used to synchronize the spraying operations from both sides of the tunnel. Carry out; the sprayed concrete must be carried out in layers from bottom to top. The first spraying must be sprayed and filled in layers, and then the concrete is sprayed while sliding up 300mm. The concrete is squeezed onto the rock surface by rotating and sliding, so that it automatically A cycle of concrete spraying operation is gradually completed from bottom to top. After demoulding, it is moved to the next warehouse number through the translation system (4). Only after this is completed step by step can the sliding form spray concrete operation be continued.