WO2023171799A1 - Dispositif de test de charge/décharge et procédé d'évaluation de durée de vie de batterie - Google Patents

Dispositif de test de charge/décharge et procédé d'évaluation de durée de vie de batterie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023171799A1
WO2023171799A1 PCT/JP2023/009356 JP2023009356W WO2023171799A1 WO 2023171799 A1 WO2023171799 A1 WO 2023171799A1 JP 2023009356 W JP2023009356 W JP 2023009356W WO 2023171799 A1 WO2023171799 A1 WO 2023171799A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
test
charge
battery
charging
discharging
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PCT/JP2023/009356
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
裕之 佐藤
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株式会社Ｅｖモーターズ・ジャパン
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Publication of WO2023171799A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023171799A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a charge/discharge test device that can efficiently perform charge/discharge tests (life tests) of a large number of secondary batteries such as lithium ion batteries at once with low power consumption, and a battery life evaluation method using the same. .
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a bidirectional AC/DC converter in which an AC side terminal is connected to an AC power supply and a DC side terminal is connected to a DC bus, and a bidirectional AC/DC converter in which one end is connected to a DC bus and the other end is connected to a sample. (secondary battery); and a control device that controls the bidirectional DC/DC converter to control charging and discharging of the sample by the bidirectional DC/DC converter.
  • the number of bidirectional DC/DC converters connected to the bus is greater than the number of bidirectional AC/DC converters connected to the DC bus.
  • the plurality of bidirectional DC/DC converters are controlled according to the charging/discharging patterns of the plurality of samples, and the charging/discharging patterns of the plurality of samples are supplied from the plurality of bidirectional DC/DC converters to the bidirectional AC/DC converter.
  • a charging/discharging test system is proposed in which the regenerative power is scheduled to be minimized.
  • Patent Document 1 by providing a DC bus for exchanging current between a plurality of bidirectional DC/DC converters, regenerative power returned from the bidirectional AC/DC converters to the AC bus is reduced, and the bidirectional AC/DC converter is The AC conversion loss in the DC converter is reduced and the power usage efficiency of the charge/discharge test system is improved.
  • the grid power commercial AC power supply
  • Patent Document 1 discloses that by additionally connecting a storage battery to a DC bus, the peak power of an AC regenerative power source (bidirectional AC/DC converter) is reduced, contributing to scale reduction and cost reduction of the AC regenerative power source.
  • an AC regenerative power source bidirectional AC/DC converter
  • the charge/discharge test device is a charge/discharge test device for simultaneously conducting a charge/discharge test on a plurality of secondary batteries connected in series as test bodies.
  • An AC/DC converter having an AC side terminal connected to a commercial AC power supply and a DC side terminal connected to a common DC bus, one end of each connected to the common DC bus, and the other end connected to each of the test specimens.
  • a solar panel connected to the common DC bus, and a control unit that controls each of the bidirectional DC/DC converters, During the charge/discharge test, power is exchanged between each of the test specimens and the storage battery, and the power shortage in the storage battery is supplemented with the power generated by the solar panel.
  • the test object is a battery module in which a plurality of the secondary batteries are connected in series to form a module, or a battery pack in which a plurality of battery modules are connected in series. Good too.
  • the AC/DC converter is a bidirectional AC/DC converter.
  • a battery life evaluation method that meets the above object is a battery life evaluation method using the charge/discharge test device according to the first invention, comprising: The results of a charge/discharge test that is repeatedly conducted using a plurality of new secondary batteries connected in series as test specimens are saved as the test results at the time of manufacturing. The lifespan of the used secondary battery is predicted by comparing the results of a charge/discharge test conducted using the used secondary battery as a test specimen.
  • a graph is created as the result of the manufacturing test, with the horizontal axis representing the number of repetitions of the charging/discharging test and the vertical axis representing the capacity determined in each of the charging/discharging tests. It is preferable that
  • the charging/discharging test device is capable of repeatedly charging and discharging between a test object (a plurality of secondary batteries connected in series) and a storage battery, and after the storage battery is initially charged, does not require power supply from a commercial AC power supply, can significantly reduce power consumption, and can perform life tests on multiple test objects (multiple secondary batteries) simultaneously with extremely little energy.
  • the DC regenerative power discharge energy
  • the DC regenerative power is stored directly in a storage battery and reused when charging the test object. This eliminates conversion loss of regenerated power, allowing regenerated power to be used effectively with high efficiency.
  • the discharge energy of the test object is stored in a storage battery and reused as charging energy, peak power can be suppressed and power can be stably and reliably supplied during the test, without any interruptions without having to control for power outages. It is possible to continue supplying electricity at a constant voltage from a storage battery, resulting in excellent operational stability. Since the power shortage of the storage battery is compensated for by the power generated by the solar panel, the amount of commercial AC power used or the electricity bill can be reduced as much as possible, and costs can be reduced.
  • the open-circuit voltage of the solar panel higher than the fully charged voltage of the storage battery, even if the voltage of the common DC bus fluctuates during a charge/discharge test, the voltage can be directly output from the solar panel without going through a DC/DC converter. Electric power can be supplied to the storage battery, and the device can be simplified and reduced in cost.
  • the test object is a battery module in which a plurality of secondary batteries are connected in series to form a module or an assembled battery in which a plurality of battery modules are connected in series
  • the AC/DC converter is a bidirectional AC/DC converter
  • surplus It is also possible to convert DC regenerative power into AC regenerative power and use it, which can be useful for reducing power consumption and peak cutting of commercial AC power sources.
  • the battery life evaluation method according to the second invention stores the results of charge/discharge tests (life test results) repeatedly performed during the manufacture of secondary batteries as the test results at the time of manufacture, and By comparing with the test results, it is possible to predict the lifespan of used secondary batteries and increase the market value of used secondary batteries.
  • the battery life evaluation method when a graph is created in which the horizontal axis is the number of repeated charge/discharge tests and the vertical axis is the capacity determined in each charge/discharge test as the manufacturing test results, The lifespan of a used secondary battery can be easily and reliably predicted from the results of a charge/discharge test of the used secondary battery.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of a charge/discharge test device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a charging/discharging test apparatus 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is for simultaneously performing a charging/discharging test on a plurality of test bodies 11 using a plurality of series-connected secondary batteries as the test bodies 11. be.
  • This charge/discharge test device 10 is also used for activation and quality inspection of produced secondary batteries (for example, lithium ion batteries), and is particularly suitable for life tests (battery life prediction). The details of the charge/discharge test apparatus 10 will be described below. As shown in FIG.
  • the charge/discharge test apparatus 10 is a bidirectional AC/DC converter (AC/DC converter) whose AC side terminal is connected to a commercial AC power supply 12 and whose DC side terminal is connected to a common DC bus 13.
  • AC/DC converter AC/DC converter
  • a plurality of bidirectional DC/DC converters 15 each having one end connected to the common DC bus 13 and the other end connected to the test object 11 to which a plurality of secondary batteries are connected in series.
  • the charge/discharge test device 10 has a capacity equal to or greater than the total capacity of a plurality of test bodies 11 to be tested simultaneously, and has a storage battery 16 connected to a common DC bus 13, and an open circuit voltage of the storage battery 16 when the storage battery 16 is fully charged.
  • This charging/discharging test apparatus 10 controls charging/discharging of each test object 11 (each secondary battery) by controlling each bidirectional DC/DC converter 15 with a control unit 18.
  • power is exchanged between each test body 11 and the storage battery 16, and when the power of the storage battery 16 is insufficient, it is supplemented with power generated by the solar panel 17.
  • the bidirectional AC/DC converter 14, the bidirectional DC/DC converter 15, the storage battery 16, and the solar panel 17 constitute a power supply unit 20.
  • the power generated by solar panels is boosted or stepped down by a DC/DC converter, and then converted to alternating current by an AC/DC converter. /DC converter step-up or step-down is required.
  • the open circuit voltage of the solar panel 17 is set higher than the fully charged voltage of the storage battery 16, so even if the voltage of the common DC bus 13 fluctuates during the charging/discharging test, the DC Power can be directly supplied to the storage battery 16 from the solar panel 17 without going through a /DC converter.
  • a backflow prevention diode is preferably connected between the solar panel 17 and the common DC bus 13 so that current does not flow from the storage battery 16 to the solar panel 17.
  • the conventional AC bus is changed to the common DC bus 13, so there is no need to connect a bidirectional AC/DC converter to each bidirectional DC/DC converter 15, and the configuration is simplified.
  • the charge/discharge test can be performed by using the bidirectional AC/DC converter 14. It is also possible to convert surplus DC regenerative power (discharge energy) from the charged storage battery 16 into AC regenerative power and use it when the storage battery 16 is not being used, reducing the power consumption of the commercial AC power source 12. It can also be used for peak cutting.
  • the test object 11 and the storage battery 16 are each connected to the common DC bus 13, so that the DC regenerative power (discharge energy) when the test object 11 discharges is converted into AC regenerative power. It is possible to store electricity in the storage battery 16 and reuse it when charging the test object 11 without having to do so. Therefore, the charging/discharging test device 10 eliminates conversion loss from DC regenerative power to AC regenerative power, makes it possible to utilize DC regenerative power with high efficiency, and allows the test sample to be reliably and continuously maintained without being affected by power outages. 11 charge/discharge tests (life test) can be performed.
  • the charge/discharge test device 10 can supplement it with the power generated by the solar panel 17, thereby reducing the amount of use of the commercial AC power source 12 or the electricity bill. Cost reduction can be achieved.
  • the solar panel 17 one or more types of auxiliary power generation means may be used in combination.
  • the storage battery 16 may be stored with late-night power instead of the solar panel 17, or the solar panel 17 and the late-night power may be combined, and both may be used properly depending on the weather and time of day. However, if necessary, the storage battery 16 may be charged with the commercial AC power supply 12.
  • an auxiliary power generation means other than solar panels wind power generation or other renewable energy may be used.
  • a plurality of secondary batteries are connected in series as test specimens 11 to each bidirectional DC/DC converter 15 .
  • the initial test specimen 11 (each secondary battery) is in an uncharged state, and the storage battery 16 has been charged in advance by the commercial AC power supply 12 (or the electric power generated by the solar panel 17).
  • the control unit 18 instructs discharging from each test body 11 after the charging process is completed, power is supplied from each test body 11 to the storage battery 16, and discharge from each test body 11 (each secondary battery) is performed. will be held.
  • each test body 11 is repeatedly charged and discharged by transferring power between each test body 11 and the storage battery 16, but each test body 11 has different characteristics (performance) (e.g. Charging time and discharging time differ depending on variations in internal resistance or capacity, etc.). Therefore, each test body 11 repeats charging and discharging individually with the storage battery 16 in an asynchronous state.
  • performance e.g. Charging time and discharging time differ depending on variations in internal resistance or capacity, etc.
  • the test specimen 11 that has completed the charging and discharging test by repeating charging and discharging a predetermined number of times is sent to the next process according to a command from the control unit 18, and tests are performed on newly transported test specimens 11 from time to time.
  • the power shortage of the storage battery 16 is compensated for by the power generated by the solar panel 17 (actually, the power generated by the solar panel 17 is supplied to the storage battery 16 so that the power shortage of the storage battery 16 does not occur). Therefore, charge/discharge tests can continue stably and continuously.
  • a lithium ion battery is preferably used as the storage battery 16, and its capacity is appropriately selected depending on the total capacity of the test specimens 11 to be tested at the same time.
  • the number of test bodies 11 or the number of secondary batteries constituting each test body 11 is selected so that the capacity of the storage battery 16 is equal to or greater than the total capacity of the test bodies 11 that are simultaneously tested, and the capacity and Different types of secondary batteries may be tested at the same time.
  • the test specimen may be one in which a plurality of secondary batteries are connected in series, a battery module in which a plurality of secondary batteries are connected in series and made into a module, or a battery module in which a plurality of battery modules are connected in series. An assembled battery may also be used.
  • the charge/discharge test apparatus 10 is connected to each test body 11 during a charge/discharge test, and is controlled by the control unit 18 to adjust the charge/discharge voltage of each secondary battery constituting each test body 11. It is possible to include a voltage adjusting means 21 that adjusts the voltage within a preset allowable variation range.
  • the voltage adjusting means 21 includes, for example, a voltage measuring circuit that measures the charge/discharge voltage of each secondary battery using a voltage sensor that is electrically connected in parallel with each secondary battery constituting each test specimen 11;
  • One example includes a bypass circuit with an on/off switch connected in parallel to the battery.
  • each voltage sensor and each bypass circuit By controlling each voltage sensor and each bypass circuit (on-off switch) by the control unit 18, the charging and discharging voltage of each secondary battery is measured at preset measurement time intervals during the charging and discharging test.
  • a bypass circuit connected in parallel to a secondary battery whose charging/discharging voltage is higher than a reference voltage value is turned on for a certain period of time, and part of the charging/discharging current of the corresponding secondary battery is shunted to the bypass circuit.
  • the charging/discharging current flowing to the secondary battery whose charging/discharging voltage is higher than the reference voltage value is reduced, and charging/discharging is suppressed, and the overall variation in charging/discharging voltage is reduced.
  • the current shunted to the bypass circuit is discharged by a resistor connected in series with the on/off switch, and is consumed as thermal energy.
  • the charging/discharging test device 10 configured as described above allows repeated charging/discharging tests while minimizing the power supply from the commercial AC power supply 12. It is also possible to perform a lifespan test on a test object (secondary battery). Then, using this charge/discharge test device 10, battery life evaluation (life prediction) of a used secondary battery can be performed. Hereinafter, a battery life evaluation method using this charge/discharge test apparatus 10 will be explained. First, as explained earlier, a repeated charge/discharge test was conducted using the charge/discharge test device 10 using a new secondary battery (a plurality of new secondary batteries connected in series) used in electric vehicles, etc. as a test specimen. The results (life test results) are saved as test results during manufacturing.
  • a charge/discharge test is performed using a secondary battery as a test specimen, and the results are compared with the test results at the time of manufacture to predict the lifespan of a used secondary battery.
  • the horizontal axis is the number of repeated charge/discharge tests
  • the vertical axis is the capacity (average value per new secondary battery) determined in each charge/discharge test.
  • the capacity of the used secondary battery is The lifespan of a used secondary battery can be easily predicted depending on where it is located on the previously created graph. Thereby, the user of the charge/discharge test device 10 can determine whether or not a used secondary battery can be sold (used) or not, and can determine an appropriate price for buying and selling. This prevents the disposal of secondary batteries that have reached the end of their service life or that can be reused, and promotes the expansion and optimization of the used market for secondary batteries (electric vehicles).
  • the capacity value is converted to the capacity per secondary battery. It becomes possible to predict the lifespan of used secondary batteries.
  • a bidirectional AC/DC converter is connected between the commercial AC power supply and the common DC bus, but the bidirectional AC/DC converter does not necessarily have to be a bidirectional AC/DC converter. Further, the number of bidirectional DC/DC converters connected to the common DC bus is selected as appropriate.
  • the charging/discharging test device of the present invention by repeatedly reusing the energy given initially to charge/discharge multiple secondary batteries, power consumption can be significantly reduced and complex control can be performed. Therefore, it is possible to evaluate the life of a secondary battery at low cost.
  • this battery life evaluation method using this charge/discharge test device it is possible to properly understand the lifespan of used secondary batteries, and in particular, the expansion and appropriateness of the used market for electric vehicles (large capacity secondary batteries). can contribute to the development of

Abstract

Un dispositif de test de charge/décharge 10 comprend : un convertisseur c.a.-c.c. 14 connecté au niveau d'une borne côté c.a. à une alimentation c.a. commerciale 12 et connecté au niveau d'une borne côté c.c. à un bus c.c. commun 13 ; une pluralité de convertisseurs c.c.-c.c. bidirectionnels 15 connectés chacun au niveau d'une extrémité au bus c.c. commun 13 et connectés au niveau de l'autre extrémité à l'un des échantillons 11 dans lesquels une pluralité de batteries secondaires sont connectées en série ; une batterie d'accumulation 16 ayant une capacité équivalente ou supérieure à la capacité totale de la pluralité d'échantillons 11 qui sont testés simultanément, et connectée au bus c.c. commun 13 ; un panneau solaire 17 ayant une tension ouverte supérieure à la tension de pleine charge de la batterie d'accumulation 16, et connecté au bus c.c. commun 13 ; et une unité de commande 18 qui commande chacun des convertisseurs c.c.-c.c. bidirectionnels 15. Pendant un test de charge/décharge, de l'énergie électrique est échangée entre chacun des échantillons 11 et la batterie d'accumulation 16, et un déficit de puissance dans la batterie de stockage 16 est compensé par l'énergie électrique générée par le panneau solaire 17.
PCT/JP2023/009356 2022-03-10 2023-03-10 Dispositif de test de charge/décharge et procédé d'évaluation de durée de vie de batterie WO2023171799A1 (fr)

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PCT/JP2022/010680 WO2023170878A1 (fr) 2022-03-10 2022-03-10 Dispositif de test de charge et de décharge
JPPCT/JP2022/010680 2022-03-10

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PCT/JP2023/009356 WO2023171799A1 (fr) 2022-03-10 2023-03-10 Dispositif de test de charge/décharge et procédé d'évaluation de durée de vie de batterie

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JP2024053918A (ja) * 2022-10-04 2024-04-16 株式会社東京精密 充放電試験システム及び充放電試験システムの制御方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012032776A1 (fr) * 2010-09-10 2012-03-15 パナソニック株式会社 Dispositif et procédé de commande d'électricité et système d'alimentation électrique
JP2012154793A (ja) * 2011-01-26 2012-08-16 Fujitsu Telecom Networks Ltd 充放電試験システム
JP2017531983A (ja) * 2014-10-13 2017-10-26 ２４エム・テクノロジーズ・インコーポレイテッド２４Ｍ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｅｓ， Ｉｎｃ． 直列電池充電及び形成用のシステム及び方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012032776A1 (fr) * 2010-09-10 2012-03-15 パナソニック株式会社 Dispositif et procédé de commande d'électricité et système d'alimentation électrique
JP2012154793A (ja) * 2011-01-26 2012-08-16 Fujitsu Telecom Networks Ltd 充放電試験システム
JP2017531983A (ja) * 2014-10-13 2017-10-26 ２４エム・テクノロジーズ・インコーポレイテッド２４Ｍ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｅｓ， Ｉｎｃ． 直列電池充電及び形成用のシステム及び方法

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JP7254247B1 (ja) 2023-04-07
TW202346886A (zh) 2023-12-01
WO2023170878A1 (fr) 2023-09-14

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