WO2023168914A1

WO2023168914A1 - Three-pin-shaft type movable universal joint having roller structure

Info

Publication number: WO2023168914A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/116695
Authority: WO
Inventors: 郁青青; 孟祥刚
Original assignee: 上海纳铁福传动系统有限公司
Priority date: 2022-03-11
Filing date: 2022-09-02
Publication date: 2023-09-14
Also published as: CN114810847B; CN114810847A

Abstract

A three-pin-shaft type movable universal joint having a roller structure, the joint comprising a shaft fork (10), a three-pin shaft (20) provided with a shaft head (22), a roller wheel (30) and a roller set (40); the roller set (40) comprises several rollers (50) which are distributed in the circumferential direction of the shaft head (22) and which are located on the same plane; the inner periphery of the roller wheel (30) is provided with a matching spherical surface (31); each roller (50) comprises a first matching section (51) parallel to the shaft head (22), and a second matching section (52) and third matching section (53) respectively connected to inner and outer ends of the first matching section (51). The first matching section (51) is a cylinder, and the first matching section (51) is in line-contact fit with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft head (22). The second matching section (52) and the third matching section (53) are both in contact fit with the matching spherical surface of the roller wheel (30), and the roller set (40) enables the roller wheel (30) to move along the shaft head (22) and turn over around the shaft head (22). The movement manner of the rollers is rolling and sliding, the sliding and movement resistance of the three-pin-shaft type movable universal joint under a large swing angle is greatly reduced, and a contact region of the rollers and the shaft head is large, thus ensuring that under the satisfied condition of the large swing angle, the bearing capacity of the roller wheel and the rollers is improved.

Description

A three-pin moving universal joint with roller structure

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of automobile power transmission, and in particular to a three-pin movable universal joint with a roller structure.

Background technique

The mobile universal joint is the joint part of the automobile transmission system. At present, the common structures of movable universal joints include three-pin type, ball cage type, ball fork type, etc. Among them, the three-pin type movable universal joint has the advantages of simple structure, strong torque transmission capacity, reliable operation, etc., and is used in automobile transmission. It has been widely used in the system.

In the prior art, a three-pin movable universal joint mainly includes a fork, a three-pin shaft with three shaft heads, and rollers assembled on each shaft head through needle rollers. The rollers are also assembled on the three-pin shaft fork. in the fairway; for example: a moving joint assembly disclosed in the Chinese utility model patent with the authorization announcement number CN208734749U. However, the three-pin moving universal joint with a needle roller structure has the following shortcomings: the structure is complex and the product cost is high. Especially at large swing angles, the resistance to sliding movement is large, which greatly reduces product performance.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a three-pin moving universal joint with a roller structure, which can effectively reduce the sliding movement resistance under large swing angles and has a large load-bearing capacity. .

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a three-pin moving universal joint with a roller structure, including a fork, a three-pin shaft and a roller. The three-pin shaft includes a shaft body and a slave shaft on the outer circumferential surface of the shaft body. There are three shaft heads extending radially, and each shaft head is equipped with a roller. The shaft fork is provided with a ballway that matches each roller; the three-pin moving universal joint of the roller structure It also includes a ring of roller sets assembled between each shaft head and the roller. The ring of roller sets includes several rollers distributed along the circumferential direction of the shaft head and located in the same plane. The inner circumference of the roller is provided with There is a matching spherical surface. The roller includes a first matching section parallel to the shaft head, and a second matching section and a third fitting section respectively connected to the inner and outer ends of the first matching section. The first matching section is a cylinder. , the first matching section is in line contact with the outer circumferential surface of the shaft head, the second matching section and the third matching section are both in contact with the matching spherical surface of the roller, and the set of rollers in a circle enables the roller to move along the axis Head movement and head flipping around the axis.

Further, the second fitting section and the third fitting section are arranged symmetrically, and both the second fitting section and the third fitting section are parts formed by a circular arc generating line rotating around the central axis of the first fitting section. Spherical body, the outer peripheral surfaces of the second fitting section and the third fitting section are both spherical surfaces.

Further, the radius of the arc bus is R1, the radius of the inner circumference of the roller is R2, the theoretical values of radius R1 and radius R2 are equal, and the center of the arc bus is at the center of a circle of rollers. on the plane of symmetry.

Further, the distance between the center of the arc generatrix and the central axis of the roller is r1, the distance between the central axis of the shaft head and the central axis of the roller is r2, and the theoretical values of distance r1 and distance r2 are equal.

Furthermore, the outer peripheral surface of the shaft head is provided with a circle of radially protruding anti-detachment protrusions, and the anti-detachment protrusions can abut with the outer peripheral surface of the roller in the axial direction of the shaft head.

Further, the inner and outer ends of the matching spherical surface extend to the inner end surface and the outer end surface of the roller respectively, and a thin diameter section is provided on the inside of the shaft head connected to the shaft body; when the roller is located at the maximum swing angle position, Part of the inner end of the matching spherical surface is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the small diameter section, and part of the inner end of the matching spherical surface is also in contact with the second matching section of part of the roller.

As mentioned above, the three-pin moving universal joint with roller structure according to the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

In this application, through the rolling and sliding of the roller between the roller and the head of the three-pin shaft, the movement and flipping of the roller are realized, thereby realizing the swing angle operation of the three-pin mobile universal joint. In particular, the movement mode of the roller is rolling and sliding, which greatly reduces the sliding movement resistance of the three-pin mobile universal joint under large swing angles. Moreover, the rollers are in line contact with the shaft head through the first matching section of its cylindrical structure. The contact area is large, which can ensure that the three-pin mobile universal joint can increase the friction between the rollers and the rollers while meeting the large swing angle. Carrying capacity.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the three-pin moving universal joint with roller structure in this application.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view at the shaft head of FIG. 1 .

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure between one of the shaft heads and the roller in Figure 2.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in Fig. 3 .

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the roller in this application.

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the degree of freedom of the roller in this application.

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the roller in the present application when it is at the maximum swing angle position.

Component label description

10 Axis fork

101 fairway

20 Three-pin shaft

21 Shaft body

22 Shaft head

23 Anti-protrusion part

24 thin diameter section

30 rollers

31 Matching the spherical surface

40 roller set

50 rollers

51 The first coordination section

52 The second coordination section

53 The third coordination section

54 Arc busbar

60 real axis

Detailed ways

The implementation of the present invention is described below with specific embodiments. Those familiar with this technology can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of this specification are only used to coordinate with the content disclosed in the specification and are for the understanding and reading of those familiar with this technology. They are not used to limit the conditions for the implementation of the present invention. Therefore, it has no technical substantive significance. Any structural modifications, changes in proportions or adjustments in size shall still fall within the scope of the invention disclosed without affecting the efficacy and purpose of the invention. Within the scope of technical content. At the same time, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" cited in this specification are only for convenience of description and are not used to limit the present invention. The scope of implementation and changes or adjustments in their relative relationships shall also be regarded as the scope of implementation of the present invention as long as there is no substantial change in the technical content.

The invention provides a three-pin movable universal joint with a roller structure. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the three-pin moving universal joint of the roller structure involved in this application includes a fork 10, a three-pin shaft 20 and a roller 30; the three-pin shaft 20 includes a shaft body 21 and a slave shaft. There are three shaft heads 22 extending radially from the outer circumferential surface of the body 21. An axially penetrating shaft hole is provided at the center of the shaft body 21. A real shaft 60 is installed in the shaft hole. The three shaft heads 22 are in the shape of 120. ° distributed at intervals; each axle head 22 is equipped with a roller 30, and the inner circumference of the roller 30 is provided with a matching spherical surface 31; the inner circumference of the axle fork 10 is provided with two three pins along the outer circumference of each roller 30 The ball channel 101 extending straightly in the axial direction of the shaft 20 has a clearance fit between the outer circumference of the roller 30 and the ball channel 101 on the inner circumference of the axle fork 10 . The outer end of the shaft head 22 has a clearance fit with the inner circumferential surface of the axle fork 10 .

In particular, as shown in Figures 2 to 5, the three-pin moving universal joint of the roller structure involved in the present application also includes a circle of roller sets 40 assembled between each shaft head 22 and the roller 30. The ring roller set 40 includes several rollers 50 distributed along the circumferential direction of the shaft head 22 and located in the same plane. The axial direction of the rollers 50 is parallel to the axial direction of the shaft head 22 . The parallel first fitting section 51 and the second fitting section 52 and the third fitting section 53 respectively connected to the inner and outer ends of the first fitting section 51. The first fitting section 51 is a cylinder, and the first fitting section 51 and the shaft head 22 The outer circumferential surface of the roller 30 is in line contact fit. The second matching section 52 and the third matching section 53 are both in contact with the matching spherical surface 31 of the roller 30. Two adjacent rollers 50 in a circle of roller sets 40 are connected by their respective The first mating section 51 achieves line contact mating.

In the above-mentioned three-pin movable universal joint of the roller structure, the roller 50 can roll and slide between the shaft head 22 of the three-pin shaft 20 and the roller 30. In this way, through the shaft head 22 and the roller of the three-pin shaft 20, The mutual constraint relationship between the column 50 and the roller 30 allows the roller 30 to have two degrees of freedom df1 and df2; among them, the degree of freedom df1 is: the movement of the roller 30 in the axial direction of the shaft head 22, which is the roller in the view of Figure 6 30 moves in the up and down direction; the degree of freedom df2 is: the roller 30 flips around the shaft head 22, that is, the roller 30 swings in the left and right direction in the view of Figure 6. In this way, the roller assembly 40 in a circle causes the roller 30 to move along the shaft head 22 and flip around the shaft head 22 to realize the swing angle operation of the three-pin movable universal joint, and the roller 30 is in the three-pin movable universal joint. When working with a swing angle, the ball always keeps moving in the same direction as the fairway 101 in the axle fork 10 . Since the movement mode of the roller 50 between the shaft head 22 of the three-pin shaft 20 and the roller 30 is rolling and sliding, the sliding movement resistance of the three-pin movable universal joint under a large swing angle is greatly reduced. Moreover, the roller 50 is in line contact with the shaft head 22 through the first matching section 51 of its cylindrical structure, and the contact area is large, which can ensure that the three-pin mobile universal joint can increase the number of rollers and The load-bearing capacity of the roller.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5 , the second fitting section 52 and the third fitting section 53 in the roller 50 are symmetrically arranged at the inner and outer ends of the first fitting section 51 , and both the second fitting section 52 and the third fitting section 53 It is a partial sphere formed by one arc generatrix 54 rotating around the central axis of the first fitting section 51. The central axis of the first fitting section 51 is also the central axis of the roller 50, that is: the second fitting section 52 and The third matching sections 53 are all rotating bodies, and their outer peripheral surfaces are all spherical. The outer diameters of the second mating section 52 and the third mating section 53 gradually decrease in the direction away from the first mating section 51, then the second mating section 52 has a maximum outer diameter at the inner end of the first mating section 51. The three fitting sections 53 have a maximum outer diameter at the outer end of the first fitting section 51 .

Furthermore, this application implements a self-limiting design through the own structure between the shaft head 22, the roller 50 and the roller 30, eliminating the need for other limiting parts, thereby simplifying the three-pin moving universal joint of the roller structure. structure.

First, as shown in Figure 5, the roller 50 has the following parameters: the axial length of the roller 50 is L, the diameter of the first fitting section 51 is φ, the circles of the second fitting section 52 and the third fitting section 53 are The radius of the arc generatrix 54 is R1; taking the side of the second fitting section 52 and the third fitting section 53 away from the shaft head 22 as an example, the center of the arc generatrix 54 of the second fitting section 52 and the third fitting section 53 is at On the central symmetry plane of the ring roller set 40 , the central symmetry plane of the ring roller set 40 is the plane P in FIG. 4 , and the distance between the center of the arc generatrix 54 and the central axis of the roller 50 is r1. As shown in Figure 3, the radius of the matching spherical surface 31 on the inner circumference of the roller 30 is R2, and the distance between the central axis of the shaft head 22 and the central axis of the roller 50 is r2. In this embodiment, the radius R1 of the arc generatrix 54 is equal to the theoretical value of the radius R2 of the inner periphery of the roller 30 matching the spherical surface 31. The actual tolerance ranges of the radius R1 and the radius R2 depend on the application and manufacturing requirements; the center of the arc generatrix 54 is The theoretical value of the distance r1 from the central axis of the roller 50 is equal to the distance r2 from the central axis of the shaft head 22 to the central axis of the roller 50. The actual tolerance range of the distance r1 and the distance r2 depends on the application and manufacturing requirements. Therefore, the center of the arc generating line 54 of the second fitting section 52 and the third fitting section 53 is also on the central axis of the shaft head 22 at the same time. As shown in Figure 3, the contact limit Q1 between the outer circumferential cylindrical surface of the first fitting section 51 and the outer circumferential cylindrical surface of the shaft head 22, and the contact limit Q2 between the outer circumferential arc surface of the second fitting section 52 and the inner circumferential matching spherical surface 31 of the roller 30 , and the contact limit Q3 between the outer circumferential arc surface of the third matching section 53 and the inner circumferential matching spherical surface 31 of the roller 30, to realize the free movement of the roller 30 in the axial direction of the shaft head 22 and the free flipping of the roller 30 around the center of its inner ring. In addition, the position of the center of the arc generatrix 54 in the axial direction of the spindle head 22 can be finely adjusted, thereby adjusting the contact area between the second fitting section 52 and the third fitting section 53 and the inner peripheral matching spherical surface 31 of the roller 30 .

Second, as shown in Figure 3, the outer circumferential surface of the outer end of the shaft head 22 is provided with a circle of radially protruding anti-detachment protrusions 23; during the movement and swing of the roller 30, the matching spherical surface 31 of the inner circumference of the roller 30 is in contact with the anti-disengagement protrusion 23. The maximum distance between the protruding portions 23 is smaller than the diameter φ of the first matching section 51 , so that the anti-protruding portion 23 can abut the outer circumferential surface of the roller 50 in the axial direction of the shaft head 22 , thereby causing the roller 50 to Perform axial limitation to prevent the roller 50 from coming out of the shaft head 22 .

Third, as shown in FIG. 3 , the inner and outer ends of the mating spherical surface 31 extend to the inner end surface and the outer end surface of the roller 30 respectively. There is a small diameter section 24 connected to the shaft body 21 on the inside of the shaft head 22 . During the swing of the roller 30, when the roller 30 is at the maximum swing angle position θ, as shown in Figure 7, the inner end of the fitting spherical surface 31 is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the small diameter section 24, and the inner end of the matching spherical surface 31 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the small diameter section 24. The end is also in contact with the second matching section 52 of the partial roller 50 to limit the position, and combined with the function of the anti-detachment protrusion 23, the roller 50 is self-limited. In addition, in the state shown in Figure 7 of the three-pin movable universal joint, the outer peripheral cylindrical surface of the first fitting section 51 is in contact with the outer peripheral cylindrical surface of the shaft head 22, and the second fitting section 52 of the partial roller 50 The outer circumferential arc surface is in contact with the inner circumferential mating spherical surface 31 of the roller 30 , and the outer circumferential arc surface of the third mating section 53 of the partial roller 50 is in contact and mated with the inner circumferential mating spherical surface 31 of the roller 30 .

Furthermore, during the movement and swing of the roller 30, when the inner end of the roller 30 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body 21 of the three-pin shaft 20, the entire roller 50 is located on the small diameter section 24 of the shaft head 22. On the outer end side, the roller 50 will never move to the small diameter section 24 during the movement and swing of the roller 30, ensuring the operational stability of the three-pin movable universal joint.

To sum up, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

The above embodiments only illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

A three-pin moving universal joint with a roller structure, including a fork (10), a three-pin shaft (20) and a roller (30). The three-pin shaft (20) includes a shaft body (21), and Three shaft heads (22) extend radially from the outer circumferential surface of the shaft body (21). Each shaft head (22) is equipped with a roller (30). There is a roller (30) in the shaft fork (10). The ball track (101) matching each roller (30) is characterized by: it also includes a circle of roller sets (40) assembled between each shaft head (22) and the roller (30). The column set (40) includes several rollers (50) distributed along the circumferential direction of the shaft head (22) and located in the same plane. The inner circumference of the roller (30) is provided with a matching spherical surface (31). (50) includes a first fitting section (51) parallel to the shaft head (22), and a second fitting section (52) and a third fitting section (53) respectively connected to the inner and outer ends of the first fitting section (51). , the first fitting section (51) is a cylinder, the first fitting section (51) and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft head (22) are in line contact fit, the second fitting section (52) and the third fitting section The segments (53) are all in contact with the matching spherical surface (31) of the roller (30). The roller set (40) in one circle enables the roller (30) to move along the shaft head (22) and flip around the shaft head (22). .
The three-pin movable universal joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: the second fitting section (52) and the third fitting section (53) are arranged symmetrically, and the second fitting section (52) and the third fitting section (53) are arranged symmetrically. The third matching section (53) is a partial sphere formed by a circular arc generating line (54) rotating around the central axis of the first matching section (51). The second matching section (52) and the third matching section (52) are The outer peripheral surfaces of section (53) are all spherical.
The three-pin movable universal joint according to claim 2, characterized in that: the radius of the arc bus (54) is R1, and the radius of the inner circumferential matching spherical surface (31) of the roller (30) is R2. , the theoretical values of radius R1 and radius R2 are equal, and the center of the arc generating line (54) is on the central symmetry plane of a circle of roller sets (40).
The three-pin movable universal joint according to claim 3, characterized in that: the distance between the center of the arc bus (54) and the central axis of the roller (50) is r1, and the shaft head (22) The distance between the central axis of the roller (50) and the central axis of the roller (50) is r2, and the theoretical values of the distance r1 and the distance r2 are equal.
The three-pin movable universal joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer peripheral surface of the shaft head (22) is provided with a circle of radially protruding anti-detachment protrusions (23). The portion (23) can be in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the roller (50) in the axial direction of the shaft head (22).
The three-pin movable universal joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner and outer ends of the matching spherical surface (31) extend to the inner end surface and the outer end surface of the roller (30) respectively, and the shaft head ( 22) There is a thin-diameter section (24) connected to the shaft body (21) on the inside; when the roller (30) is at the maximum swing angle position, part of the inner end of the matching spherical surface (31) and the small-diameter section The outer peripheral surface of (24) is in contact with each other, and part of the inner end of the matching spherical surface (31) is also in contact with the second matching section (52) of part of the roller (50).